【03-暑假培优练】专题01 动名词作主语 (教师版)-2025年新高一英语暑假衔接讲练 (人教版)

这是一份【03-暑假培优练】专题01 动名词作主语 (教师版)-2025年新高一英语暑假衔接讲练 (人教版)，共22页。试卷主要包含了动名词作主语的基本用法，仿写句式之动名词作主语等内容，欢迎下载使用。
内容早知道
☛第一层 巩固提升练
考点一 动名词作主语的基本用法
考点二 仿写句式之动名词作主语
☛第二层 能力培优练
☛第三层 拓展突破练
☛第四层 高考真题练
动名词作主语的基本用法
【知识积累·练前热身】
动名词的用法：
1.动名词作主语通常表示抽象的、习惯性的或经常性的动作，其被动形式为 being dne。
2.单个动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；两个或两个以上表达不同意义的动名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
3.为使句子平衡，有时用 it 作形式主语，动名词是真正的主语，后置。
It is useless 做是没用的
It is n use/gd ding 做是没用的
It's a waste f time ding sth. 做某事是浪费时间的
注意：
动名词作主语常用于描述习惯性、经常性的动作和状态；不定式作主语常用于描述某次具体的动作或状态，还可以表示尚未发生的动作。
1. (walk) is a gd frm f exercise fr bth yung and ld.
【答案】Walking
【详解】句意：散步对于老少来说都是一种很好的运动方式。
考查动名词作主语。分析句子成分可知，该句缺少主语，walk是动词，需转换成动名词，表示一种行为。设空处位于句首，首字母应大写，故答案是Walking。
2. It’s n gd ( regret) yur past mistakes.
【答案】regreting
【详解】句意：
考查动名词作主语。It is n use/gd ding sth是固定句型，动名词是真正主语。故答案是regretting。
3. (expse) t sunlight fr t much time will d harm t ne's skin.
【答案】Being expsed
【详解】句意：暴露在阳光下太久会伤害我们的皮肤。
考查动名词作主语。分析句子成分， (expse) t sunlight fr t much time作句子的主语，be expsed t sth 是固定词组。设空处位于句首，首字母应大写，故答案是 Being expsed.
4.It was (take) a bat ride n the lake that made me happy and relaxed.
【答案】taking
【详解】句意：正是在湖上泛舟使我感到愉快和放松。
考查动名词作主语。本句为强调句，强调主语 (take) a bat ride n the lake，表示一般性动作，应用动名词，故答案是taking。
5.Watching TV and reading bks ( becme ) a rutine fr me since then.
【答案】have becme
【详解】句意：从那以后，看电视和读书就成了我的日常习惯。
考查动名词作主语。两个及以上表达不同意义的动名词短语作主语时，请语应用复数形式。本句主语是Watching TV and reading bks，现在完成时的标志词since then，故答案是have becme。
6.It is n use ( cry ) ver spilt milk.
【答案】crying
【详解】句意：覆水难收。
考查动名词作主语。句型 It is n use ding…意为“做……是没用的”。本句话是it作形式主语，真正的主语是动名词短语crying ver spilt milk，故答案是crying。
7.Relaying messages alng the Great Wall by lighting fires (be) a very significant way f cntact in ancient times.
【答案】is/was
【详解】句意：在古代，通过沿着长城点燃烽火传递消息是一种非常重要的联络方式。
考查动名词作主语表三单。此处可以理解为陈述事实用一般现在时；也可以表示过去发生的事，用一般过去时。句子的主语为动名词短语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故答案是is/was。
8.It's a waste f time (argue ) abut the simple questin again.
【答案】arguing
【详解】句意：再就那个简单的问题进行争论就是在浪费时间。
考查动名词作主语。It's a waste f timeding sth为固定句型。It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面动名词，故答案是arguing。
9.________ (have) a gd teacher makes a big difference when yu’re learning t drive.
【答案】Having
【详解】句意：当你在学开车时，有一个好老师会有很大的不同。
考查动名词作主语。句子缺少主语，(have) a gd teacher为句子主语，故用动名词形式作主语，句首单词首字母要大写，故答案是Having。
10. _____ (read) is a great way t relax. I lve t sit back and enjy a gd bk.
【答案】Reading
【详解】句意：读书是放松的好方法。我喜欢坐下来欣赏一本好书。
考查动名词作主语。从句意可以看出读书是习惯性的活动，所以用 reading。设空处位于句首，首字母应大写，故答案是Reading。
仿写句式之动名词作主语
【知识积累·练前热身】
在新高考卷中，写作两部分（应用文+读后续写）总共40分，分值将近占总分的三分之一。想要在写作部分不落后，新颖独特的高级句式能够让我们的作文在众多作文中脱颖而出。对于我们高一学生而言，动名词做主语是较为简单的一种加分句型，且非常容易掌握。在必修一的6个单元中，动名词作主语出现了多次。
教材原句：
1.Dacing and singing are my hbbied, and I als like reading shrt stries.（必修一Welcme Unit，P8）
2. Ging frm junir high schl t senir high schl is really a big challenge.（必修一Unit1，P14）
3.Studying hard isn’t always fun, but I’ll be well prepared fr university r whatever else cmes in the future. （必修一Unit1，P14）
4. But spending t much time nline is unhealthy and makes it very difficult t fcus n ther things in life.（必修一Unit1，P18）
5.Lsing tw imprtant players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did nt lse heart. （必修一Unit3，P38）
6.Lsing games taught him t practise harder and never give up. （必修一Unit3，P38）
7.Listeningt English radi prgrammes helps me get used t hw fast native speakers talk.（必修一Unit 5，P66）
1. can help yu better understand the painters’ ideas.
欣赏这些经典作品能帮助你很好的理解这些画家的思想。
【答案】Appreciating these classic wrks
【详解】分析原句，“欣赏这些经典作品”有待翻译，即appreciate these classic wrks。该部分在句子中作主语，需将动词短语转换成动名词，且这部分位于句首，首单词的首字母需大写，故答案是Appreciating these classic wrks。
2. Smking and drinking alchl .
抽烟和喝酒都真的是不好的习惯。
【答案】are really bad habits
【详解】分析原句，“真的是不好的习惯”有待翻译。该句主语是Smking and drinking alchl，两个表达不同意义的动名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。故答案是are really bad habits。
3. is anther gd way t keep fit.
做锻炼是另一个保持健康的好方法。
【答案】Ding exercise / Wrking ut
【详解】分析原句，“做锻炼”有待翻译，即d exercise或wrk ut。该部分在句子中作主语，需将动词短语转换成动名词，且这部分位于句首，首单词的首字母需大写，故答案是Ding exercise或Wrking ut。
4. every day is s imprtant that I wuld like t intrduce it t yu.
每天写学习日记很重要以至于我想要把它介绍给你。
【答案】Keeping a learning diary
【详解】分析原句，“每天写学习日记”有待翻译，即Keep a learning diary。该部分在句子中作主语，需将动词短语转换成动名词，且这部分位于句首，首单词的首字母需大写，故答案是Keeping a learning diary。
5. Having a gd cmmand f English .
掌握英语真的很重要。
【答案】is imprtant / is f great imprtance
【详解】分析原句，“真的很重要”有待翻译。该句主语是Having a gd cmmand f English，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，故答案是is imprtant或 is f great imprtance。
6. Keeping a psitive attitude in ur daily life.
保持一个积极的心态在我们的生活中发挥着重要作用。
【答案】 plays an imprtant part
【详解】分析原句，“发挥着重要作用”有待翻译，即play an imprtant part / rle。该句主语是Keeping a psitive attitude，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，故答案是play an imprtant part / rle。
7. is a gd methd f learning languages.
大声读书是学习语言的一个好方法。
【答案】Reading alud
【详解】分析原句，“大声读书”有待翻译，即reading alud。该部分在句子中作主语，需将动词短语转换成动名词，且这部分位于句首，首单词的首字母需大写，故答案是Reading alud。
8. Getting clse t nature mentally.
接近自然能让我们心理上感到轻松。
【答案】enables / makes us feel relaxed
【详解】分析原句，“能让我们感到轻松”有待翻译，即enable / make us feel relaxed。该句主语是Getting clse t nature，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，故答案是enables / makes us feel relaxed
9. is interesting but challenging.
学习一门新的语言是有趣的但也有挑战性。
【答案】Learning a new language
【详解】分析原句，“学习一门新的语言”有待翻译，即Learn a new language。该部分在句子中作主语，需将动词短语转换成动名词，且这部分位于句首，首单词的首字母需大写，故答案是Learning a new language。
10. helps yu braden yur hrizn.
参加这个活动帮助你开阔眼界。
【答案】Taking part in this activity
【详解】分析原句，“参加这个活动”有待翻译，即Take part in this activity。该部分在句子中作主语，需将动词短语转换成动名词，且这部分位于句首，首单词的首字母需大写，故答案是Taking part in this activity。
一、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
My senir year f high schl lks a lt different nw than it did just a few shrt mnths ag.
I am 17 and have cmpeted at the sprt’s highest levels. I was lking frward t cntinuing my athletic career in cllege but n September 20, 2021, my wrld 1 in an instant.
I was ____2____ fr the cming hmecming pep rally (赛前动员会) at a friend’s huse when ne f my flips (空翻) went 3 and I landed directly n my neck and face. I was fully cnscius (神志清醒的) as I
4 in the grass and 5 that I culdn’t feel my arms and legs. I was rushed t the hspital. When I awke, 6 warned me that mst peple wh suffer this srt f injury never 7 again, but I 8 t believe them!
I never ____9____ smiling. My athleticism (体育才能) has helped me fully fcus n my _____10_____, and I make up my mind t 11 the dctrs are wrng and get back t walking n my wn tw feet. I als hpe t help peple knw abut what it’s like t 12 a severe injury, s I 13 my recvery n scial media. By 14 my struggles and victries, I hpe t tuch the hearts f thers wh are ging thrugh a _____15_____ time in their lives.
1. A. endedB. happenedC. cntinuedD. changed
2. A. restingB. writingC. practisingD. finishing
3. A. badB. wrngC. blankD. crazy
4. A. layB. playedC. rlledD. mved
5. A. realizedB. thughtC. hpedD. regretted
6. A. dctrsB. parentsC. friendsD. teachers
7. A. runB. jumpC. standD. walk
8. A. failedB. refusedC. decidedD. aimed
9. A. rememberB. stpC. enjyD. risk
10. A. experimentB. mindC. recveryD. task
11. A. shwB. findC. dubtD. accept
12. A. cme up withB. catch up withC. live withD. cnnect with
13. A. recrdB. reflectC. seekD. get
14. A. learningB. judgingC. sharingD. explaining
15. A. usefulB. familiarC. regularD. tugh
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. B 10. C
11. A 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了17岁的作者在为赛前动员会练习空翻时严重受伤，医生告知这种伤可能导致无法再行走，但作者拒绝相信，凭借积极向上的心态和对康复的坚定信念，专注于恢复，同时在社交媒体上记录自己的康复过程，希望能借此激励那些正在经历艰难时刻的人们，体现了作者坚强、乐观以及希望鼓舞他人的精神。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我期待着在大学里继续我的运动生涯，但在2021年9月20日，我的世界瞬间发生了变化。A. ended结束；B. happened发生；C. cntinued继续；D. changed改变。根据上文“I was lking frward t cntinuing my athletic career in cllege, but n September 20, 2021, my wrld”和下文“I landed directly n my neck and face”讲作者发生意外可知，与作者期待的不同，在2021年9月20日这一天，因受伤作者的世界瞬间发生了变化，故选D项。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在一个朋友家为即将到来的校友返校赛前动员会进行练习时，我的一个空翻出了差错，我直接脸和脖子着地。A. resting休息；B. writing写作；C. practising练习；D. finishing完成。根据下文“fr the cming hmecming pep rally (赛前动员会) at a friend’s huse when ne f my flips (空翻) went”可知，作者在为即将到来的赛前动员会在朋友家进行练习，故选C项。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在一个朋友家为即将到来的校友返校赛前动员会进行练习时，我的一个空翻出了差错，我直接脸和脖子着地。A. bad坏的；B. wrng错误的；C. blank空白的；D. crazy疯狂的。根据下文“I landed directly n my neck and face”可知，空翻出现了差错，才会脸和脖子着地，went wrng是常用搭配，表示“出毛病，出问题”，故选B项。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我躺在草地上时，我完全清醒了，意识到我感觉不到我的胳膊和腿。A. lay躺；B. played玩；C. rlled滚动；D. mved移动。根据上文“I landed directly n my neck and face”及下文“in the grass”可知，作者是躺在草地上。故选A项。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我躺在草地上时，我完全清醒了，意识到我感觉不到我的胳膊和腿。A. realized意识到；B. thught认为；C. hped希望；D. regretted后悔。根据上文“I was fully cnscius (神志清醒的)”和下文“I culdn’t feel my arms and legs”可知，躺在草地上的时候，神志清醒的作者意识到自己胳膊和腿没知觉了，故选A项。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我醒来时，医生警告我，大多数遭受这种伤害的人再也不会走路了，但我拒绝相信他们！A. dctrs医生；B. parents父母；C. friends朋友；D. teachers教师。根据上文“I was rushed t the hspital”可知，作者被送去医院，醒来应该是医生给出警告，故选A项。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我醒来时，医生警告我，大多数遭受这种伤害的人再也不会走路了，但我拒绝相信他们！A. run跑步；B. jump跳跃；C. stand站立；D. walk行走。根据下文“get back t walking n my wn tw feet”可知，此处是指医生警告说大多数遭受这种伤的人再也不能走路了，故选D项。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我醒来时，医生警告我，大多数遭受这种伤害的人再也不会走路了，但我拒绝相信他们！A. failed失败；B. refused拒绝；C. decided决定；D. aimed瞄准。根据上文“but I”及下文“t believe them”可知，作者拒绝相信医生的话，故选B项。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有停止过微笑。A. remember记住；B. stp停止；C. enjy享受；D. risk冒险。根据下文“I make up my mind t”及“the dctrs are wrng and get back t walking n my wn tw feet”可知，作者一直保持积极的态度，所以从未停止过微笑，故选B项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的运动才能帮助我完全专注于我的康复，我下定决心证明医生是错的，并重新开始用自己的双脚走路。A. experiment实验；B. mind思维；C. recvery恢复；D. task任务。根据上文“My athleticism (体育才能) has helped me fully fcus n my”及下文“my recvery”可知，作者全身心专注于自己的康复，故选C项。
【11题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的运动才能帮助我完全专注于我的康复，我下定决心证明医生是错的，并重新开始用自己的双脚走路。A. shw证明；B. find找到；C. dubt怀疑；D. accept接受。根据上文“I make up my mind t”及下文“the dctrs are wrng”可知，作者下定决心证明医生是错误的，故选A项。
【12题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我也希望帮助人们了解承受严重伤病生活是什么样的，所以我在社交媒体上记录了我的康复情况。A. cme up with提出；B. catch up with赶上；C. live with承受；D. cnnect with联系。根据上文“hpe t help peple knw abut what it’s like t”及下文“a severe injury”可知，作者希望帮助人们了解遭受严重伤病是怎样的情况，故选C项。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也希望帮助人们了解承受严重伤病生活是什么样的，所以我在社交媒体上记录了我的康复情况。A. recrd记录；B. reflect反映；C. seek寻找；D. get获取。根据下文“my recvery n scial media”可知，是在社交媒体上记录者自己的康复情况，故选A项。
【14题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过分享我的奋斗和胜利，我希望能触动其他正在经历人生艰难时期的人的心。A. learning学习；B. judging评判；C. sharing分享；D. explaining解释。根据上文“my recvery n scial media”可知，是作者在分享自己的奋斗和胜利，故选C项。
【15题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过分享我的奋斗和胜利，我希望能触动其他正在经历人生艰难时期的人的心。A. useful有用的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. regular常规的；D. tugh艰难的。根据上文“I hpe t tuch the hearts f thers wh are ging thrugh a”与下文“time in their lives”可知，作者希望能触动那些正在经历艰难时期的人的心，故选D项。
二、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
When Heman Bekele was 6, he gt a chemistry set fr Christmas. He used it t mix up “ptins(魔水)”. Back then, nly his parents paid attentin. Nw, in 2024, at 15, Heman is used t a lt mre peple watching his wrk.
In Octber 2023, 3M and Discvery Educatin named Heman the winner f their Yung Scientist Challenge. His prize: $25,000. His accmplishment: inventing a sap that culd ne day treat and prevent sme frms f skin cancer.
It culd take years befre the sap is available t custmers. But Heman, a 10th grader at Wdsn High, is determined. Over the summer, he spent every weekday in a lab at the Jhns Hpkins Blmberg Schl f Public Health. When he ges back t schl this fall, he’ ll be at the lab less ften. But he’ ll stick t his dream and try hard t make it cme true.
Heman was brn in Africa. He remembers seeing peple in Africa wrking in the ht sun withut prtectin fr their skin. Because f that, sme f them develped skin cancer, a disease caused by t much expsure(暴露) t the sun. Treating the cancer is cstly, abut $40,000. Heman wndered if there was a cheaper way fr peple t deal with the disease. He thught f adding a skin-cancer medicine called imiquimd t a bar f sap. “What is ne thing that everyne can use?” Heman recalls thinking. “Everyne uses sap and water fr cleaning. S sap wuld prbably be the best ptin.”
Heman needed help t bring his idea t life. In 2023 he came acrss the 3M Challenge and submitted a vide explaining his idea. Sn, he received an invitatin t the cmpany’s headquarters. He spke in frnt f a panel f judges. That day, he was named the winner. Since then, Heman has been wrking n develping his idea and sme adult experts are guiding him, saying he’s passinate and inspiring.
1. Why did Heman win the Yung Scientist Challenge?
A. He discvered a new chemical element.
B. He invented a sap that culd prevent skin cancer.
C. He created a ptin t cure cmmn illnesses.
D. He develped a sunscreen with lng-lasting effects.
2. Why did Heman view sap as the best chice fr his inventin?
A. Because it was a cmmn item peple ften use.
B. Because he had a persnal interest in making sap.
C. Because he wanted t target a specific grup f peple.
D. Because he believed in the healing functin f sap.
3. What is TRUE abut Heman’s experience at the 3M cmpany’s headquarters?
A. He was nt well-prepared in frnt f the judges.
B. It ffered him a chance t explain his idea nline.
C. It was pretty challenging but rewarding in the end.
D. His parents kept him cmpany thrughut the event.
4. What is the significance(意义) f Heman’s inventin based n his persnal backgrund?
A. It shws his lve fr skin care.
B. It shws his interest in the beauty industry.
C. It shws his cmmitment t envirnmental prtectin.
D. It shws his desire t cntribute t African cmmunity.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了少年科学家Heman Bekele发明了一种能预防和治疗某些皮肤癌的肥皂，赢得了3M和探索教育公司的青年科学家挑战赛，并获得了25000美元奖金的故事。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In Octber 2023, 3M and Discvery Educatin named Heman the winner f their Yung Scientist Challenge. His prize: $25,000. His accmplishment: inventing a sap that culd ne day treat and prevent sme frms f skin cancer.(2023年10月，3M公司和探索教育公司将赫曼评为他们的青年科学家挑战赛的获胜者。他的奖品：25000美元。他的成就：发明了一种肥皂，这种肥皂有朝一日可能治疗和预防某些形式的皮肤癌)”可知，Heman赢得青年科学家挑战赛是因为他发明了一种有朝一日能治疗和预防某些皮肤癌的肥皂，故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Heman wndered if there was a cheaper way fr peple t deal with the disease. He thught f adding a skin-cancer medicine called imiquimd t a bar f sap. ‘What is ne thing that everyne can use?’ Heman recalls thinking. ‘Everyne uses sap and water fr cleaning. S sap wuld prbably be the best ptin.’ (Heman想知道是否有一种更便宜的方法让人们应对这种疾病。他想到在一块肥皂中加入一种叫做咪喹莫特的皮肤癌药物。“每个人都可以使用的一件东西是什么？”Heman回忆起当时的想法。“每个人都使用肥皂和水进行清洁。所以肥皂可能是最好的选择。”)”可知，Heman认为肥皂是他发明的最佳选择是因为它是人们经常使用的常见物品，故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In 2023, he came acrss the 3M Challenge and submitted a vide explaining his idea. Sn, he received an invitatin t the cmpany’s headquarters. He spke in frnt f a panel f judges. That day, he was named the winner.(2023年，他遇到了3M挑战赛，并提交了一段视频来解释他的想法。很快，他收到了公司总部的邀请。他在一个评委小组面前发表了讲话。那天，他被评为获胜者)”可知，Heman参加3M公司总部的活动，先是提交视频解释自己的想法，然后受邀前往并在评委面前发言，最终获胜，这一过程是有挑战性的，但最后收获了奖励，所以是很有挑战性但最终是有回报的，故选C项。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Heman was brn in Africa. He remembers seeing peple in Africa wrking in the ht sun withut prtectin fr their skin. Because f that, sme f them develped skin cancer, a disease caused by t much expsure(暴露) t the sun. Treating the cancer is cstly, abut $40,000. Heman wndered if there was a cheaper way fr peple t deal with the disease.(Heman出生在非洲。他记得看到非洲人在烈日下工作，没有保护自己的皮肤。正因为如此，他们中的一些人患上了皮肤癌，这是一种由过度暴露在阳光下引起的疾病。治疗癌症的费用很高，约为40,000美元。Heman想知道是否有一种更便宜的方法让人们应对这种疾病)”可知，Heman出生在非洲，看到非洲人因在烈日下工作且皮肤缺乏保护而患皮肤癌，治疗费用高昂，所以他想找到一种更便宜的治疗方法，他的发明基于他的个人背景，其意义在于显示了他为非洲社区做贡献的愿望，故选D项。
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Nv. 22, 2023, just befre turning 20, Ji Xiaming received a letter frm Ca Yajun, a girl frm a middle schl in Daye, Hubei prvince. The girl was ne f the 526 middle schl students in Daye ____1____ tk part in a charity prject fcused n prviding psychlgical (心理的) supprt t children in the cuntryside. Lin Lusheng, the prject directr, ____2____ (stress) that teenagers in the prject are at an age when they begin t meet pressure and g thrugh typical psychlgical changes. “But many children are less likely ____3____ (share) their feelings with adults such as parents r teachers, which, if ignred, can lead t psychlgical prblems,” he added. Accrding t him, 80 t 90 percent f the 4 (vlunteer) f the prject are university students in their 20s.
In Ca’s letter, she mentined feelings vercme by schlwrk, asked abut 5 (effect) study methds, and was curius 6 university life. She sincerely respnded t the letter, sharing details abut her educatinal experiences and university life. Upn 7 (receive) Ji’s reply, Ca was verjyed. “She described university life as s clrful and inspiring. It ____8____ (definite) really encurages me t study hard and struggle fr my dream university,” she said. S far, the prject ____9____ (ffer) letter cmpaninship services t rural children frm 1,217 schls acrss the cuntry, including nine schls in Daye, exchanging _____10_____ ttal f 1.42 millin letters.
【答案】
1. wh/that 2. stressed 3. t share 4. vlunteers 5. effective
6. t 7. receiving 8. definitely 9. has ffered 10. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一个慈善项目中的大学生志愿者与高中生结对，给其提供心理支持。
【1题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这名女孩是大冶526名中学生中的一员，他们参加了一个慈善项目，重点是为农村儿童提供心理支持。设空处为引导限定性定语从句的关系词，先行词是students，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词wh或that引导。故填wh或that。
【2题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：项目负责人林路生强调，参与该项目的青少年正处于开始承受压力并经历典型心理变化的年龄。根据后文he added可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填stressed。
【3题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：“但许多孩子不太可能与父母或老师等成年人分享他们的感受，如果忽视这一点，可能会导致心理问题，”他补充说。固定短语be likely t d sth.“可能做某事”。故填t share。
【4题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：据他介绍，80% ~ 90%的志愿者都是20多岁的大学生。根据本句中的“80 t 90 percent f the”可知，志愿者不止一个，应用名词复数形式。故填vlunteers。
【5题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在信中，她提到了被学业压倒的感觉，询问了有效的学习方法，并对大学生活感到好奇。此处修饰名词methds，应用形容词effective“有效的”，作定语。故填effective。
【6题详解】
考查介词。句意：她真诚地回复了这封信，分享了她的教育经历和大学生活的细节。固定搭配respnd t the letter“回信”，t是介词。故填t。
【7题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：曹收到纪的回信，喜出望外。此处作介词 upn宾语，应用动名词。故填receiving。
【8题详解】
考查副词。句意：“这确实鼓励了我努力学习，为我梦想中的大学而奋斗。”此处修饰动词encurages，应用副词definitely“确定地”，作状语。故填 definitely。
【9题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，该项目已经为全国1217所学校的农村儿童提供了信件陪伴服务，其中包括大冶的9所学校，共交换了142万封信。根据时间状语S far可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语是 the prject，助动词用has。故填has ffered。
【10题详解】
考查冠词。句意：到目前为止，该项目已经为全国1217所学校的农村儿童提供了信件陪伴服务，其中包括大冶的9所学校，共交换了142万封信。固定搭配a ttal f“总计”。故填a。
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Ramna is nly seven years ld, but her paintings sell fr arund US $2,000 dllars each. That is a gd price, especially since each painting takes her n mre than 10 minutes.
She desn’t paint the same subjects as the average 7-year-ld girl, either. There are n pictures f Mummy and Daddy, r her friends r schl. Ramna prefers abstract (抽象的) art. She des nt paint the real wrld. Instead, she paints her feelings abut it in brad sweeps f bright clur. In fact, Ramna is an elephant.
Ramna is nt the nly artist at the Elephant Safari Park n the Indnesian island f Bali, r in Asia as a whle. Art cmes naturally t them, “Fr many years, zkeepers have knwn that elephants bth in zs and in the wild will pick up sticks and ddle in the dirt,” says Mia Fineman, an art histrian frm New Yrk and authr f the bk When Elephants Paint.
Mia Fineman says that elephants frm different parts f Asia have different styles. Thse frm central Thailand, fr example, prefer cl, dark clurs like blue and green. “When I view a painting, I can usually tell what regin it’s frm, and which elephant created it,” she says.
Elephant art first appeared in 1997, when tw Russian cnceptual artists first had the idea f encuraging elephants t paint. Fr them, the art lay in the idea f elephants painting, rather than in the paintings themselves.
Over time, peple have cme t enjy the elephant art fr itself. N ne will put Ramna and her friends in the same categry (类别) as famus painters like Rembrandt r Picass. But their wrks are nt just randm brush strkes, either. Elephants are knwn t be sensitive and thughtful creatures. There is n reasn why they shuld nt express their feelings abut the wrld arund them and what the human race has dne t the wrld.
We may ne day cme t understand the meaning f elephant art. But will we like what it has t say abut us?
1. The underlined wrd “ddle” in paragraph 3 prbably means “______”.
A. fight fearlesslyB. draw rughlyC. walk carelesslyD. play happily
2. Why did the tw Russian artists encurage elephants t paint?
A. They thught the act f elephant painting was an art.
B. Elephants culd express their feelings abut the wrld.
C Elephants’ paintings were wrth a lt f mney.
D. Lst elephants culd be fund because f their paintings.
3. What des the writer think f elephant art?
A. Elephant art can equal human art.
B. Paintings by elephants are meaningless.
C. Much remains t be discvered abut elephant art.
D. It is impssible t discver what elephant art means.
4. What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A. A new way f making mney.
B. An advanced methd f training elephants.
C. Different lifestyles f elephants in parks.
D. The amazing art f elephants’ paintings.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要通过以7岁的大象Ramna为例，介绍了神奇的大象绘画，主要包括大象艺术家的风格，大象绘画概念的起源和发展，及其作品背后的意义。
【1题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Ramna is nt the nly artist at the Elephant Safari Park n the Indnesian island f Bali, r in Asia as a whle. Art cmes naturally t them, “Fr many years, zkeepers have knwn that elephants bth in zs and in the wild will pick up sticks (Ramna并不是印尼巴厘岛大象野生动物园里唯一的艺术家，也不是整个亚洲唯一的艺术家。多年来，动物园管理员都知道，无论是在动物园还是在野外，大象都会捡起棍子)”可知，此处指出象群中的艺术家不止Ramna一个，大象普遍会创作，由此可知，画线词与绘画相关，应该与draw rughly“粗略地画”意思一致。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“Fr them, the art lay in the idea f elephants painting, rather than in the paintings themselves. (对他们来说，艺术在于大象绘画的想法，而不是绘画本身)”可知，这两位俄罗斯艺术家鼓励大象画画，是因为他们认为大象画画的行为是一种艺术。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中“But their wrks are nt just randm brush strkes, either. Elephants are knwn t be sensitive and thughtful creatures. There is n reasn why they shuld nt express their feelings abut the wrld arund them and what the human race has dne t the wrld. (但他们的作品也不只是随意的笔触。众所周知，大象是敏感而体贴的动物。他们没有理由不表达自己对周围世界的感受，以及人类对世界的所作所为)”和最后一段中“We may ne day cme t understand the meaning f elephant art. (也许有一天我们会明白大象艺术的意义)”可知，作者指出大象的作品并非随意乱画，而是表达了他们对世界，对人类行为的感受，其意义我们有一天会明白。由此可知，作者认为关于大象艺术还有很多有待发现的地方。故选C项。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“She des nt paint the real wrld. Instead, she paints her feelings abut it in brad sweeps f bright clur. In fact, Ramna is an elephant. (她没有描绘真实的世界。相反，她用明亮的色彩描绘了她对它的感受。事实上，Ramna是一头大象)”可知，文章以7岁的大象Ramna为例，介绍了神奇的大象绘画，主要包括大象艺术家的风格，大象绘画概念的起源和发展，及其作品背后的意义。故选D项。
二、七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Being Yur Best Self
Yu may anxiusly want t be yur best self. And here is hw.
Live accrding t yur persnal values.
Ignring yur cre beliefs can make yu feel distressed(极为苦恼的) r cnflicted. Discver yur persnal values by listing the things imprtant t yu, identifying times yu’ve felt truly happy, and deciding yur desire in life. Fr instance, yu might value helping thers and being creative. 1 .
D at least ne activity yu enjy every day.
Schedule time every day t d smething that makes yu feel happy. This can help yu enjy life mre and becme yur best self.
2
It’s easier t feel happy if yu’ re prud f wh yu are, and knwing yur strengths can help. Yur strengths might include things like slving math prblems, writing, singing, r cmpeting in athletics. Additinally, yu might have interpersnal skills, analytical skills, r critical thinking skills. 3 . Make a list f yur talents, skills, and knwledge. Then, review it ften t help yu remember hw awesme yu are.
Wrk n imprving yur weaknesses s yu can vercme them.
4 . If they truble yu, try t imprve them by learning new skills r trying smething different, like starting a wrkut prgram t imprve the fitness level yu are unhappy with. In time, yu might be able t imprve yurself.
Express yur emtins s they dn’t get piled up.
Yur feelings are super imprtant. Ignring them can actually make them wrse. 5 . Here are sme ptins: talk t smene, write a jurnal, d smething creative r exercise.
A. List yur skills t slve yur prblems.
B. Instead, chse a healthy way t let them ut.
C. These emtins will greatly increase yur pressure.
D. Recgnize yur strengths t help yu have self-cnfidence.
E. S yu may chse a jb in nursing and paint as a hbby.
F. Everyne has shrtcmings, s dn’t feel bad abut yurs.
G. Similarly, yu might be very creative r enjy teaming with peple.
【答案】1. E 2. D 3. G 4. F 5. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕“成为最好的自己”这一主题展开，主要介绍了实现这一目标的几种方法，包括依据个人价值观生活、每天至少做一项自己喜欢的活动、认识自身优势、努力改进弱点以及合理表达情绪等，旨在指导读者通过这些具体途径来提升自我，达成成为最好的自己的目标。
【1题详解】
根据上文“Fr instance, yu might value helping thers and being creative. (例如，你可能重视帮助他人和具有创造力。)”可知，下文会举例说明帮助他人和具有创造力，与E项“S yu may chse a jb in nursing and paint as a hbby. (所以你可以选择一份护理工作，并把绘画作为一种爱好。)”上下文一致，nursing与helping thers呼应，paint与creative呼应，符合文意。故选E项。
【2题详解】
根据下文“It’s easier t feel happy if yu’ re prud f wh yu are, and knwing yur strengths can help. (如果你为自己感到自豪，就会更容易感到快乐，了解自己的长处会有所帮助。)”可知，这部分主要讲的是要认识到自己的优势来帮助自己拥有自信，与D项“Recgnize yur strengths t help yu have self-cnfidence. (认识到自己的长处，帮助你建立自信。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选D项。
【3题详解】
根据上文“Yur strengths might include things like slving math prblems, writing, singing, r cmpeting in athletics. Additinally, yu might have interpersnal skills, analytical skills, r critical thinking skills. (你的优势可能包括解决数学问题、写作、唱歌或参加田径比赛等。此外，你可能具有人际交往能力、分析能力或批判性思维能力。)”可知，空处应与其他可能得优势有关，与G项“Similarly, yu might be very creative r enjy teaming with peple. (同样，你可能非常有创造力或喜欢与人合作。)”上下文一致，与前文并列，故选G项。
【4题详解】
根据标题“Wrk n imprving yur weaknesses s yu can vercme them. (努力改进你的弱点，这样你就能克服它们。)”可知，本段内容与与weaknesses(弱点)有关F项“Everyne has shrtcmings, s dn’t feel bad abut yurs. (每个人都有缺点，所以不要为自己的缺点而难过。)”上下文一致，shrtcmings与weaknesses前后呼应，符合文意，故选F项。
【5题详解】
根据上文“Yur feelings are super imprtant. Ignring them can actually make them wrse. (你的感受非常重要。忽视它们实际上会让它们变得更糟。)”可知，要释放情绪，与B项“Instead, chse a healthy way t let them ut. (相反，选择一种健康的方式把它们释放出来。)”上下文一致，符合文意，且后文也列举了一些释放情绪的方式，故选B项。
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Music is ne f the mst imprtant and pwerful things in my life. ___1____(listen) t music can help mtivate me in hard times.
When I was yunger, I didn’t have the great lve fr music as I d nw. I __2__ (main) listened t what my parents were listening t. I didn’t have much f care fr ___3__(music) cmpsitins. Whether I was in the car, the hme, r anywhere else, there was sure t be sme Beatles, Buddy Hlly, r the Dubliners. Nw as I’m _____4__(ld), I enjy it as it allws me ____5____(remember) my childhd.
I believe music has the ability t cnvey all srts f ___6__(feel). The effect that music can have___7___ur emtins is unbelievable, ___8___ it can bring peple t flds f tears r bursts f laughter.
I believe music affects peple in many different ways. T me, music is mre than just ___9__we listen t r play. It’s smething t feel. In my life, it is music which is extremely imprtant that ___10__brings me clser t my friends and family. I als feel that it helps me t get thrugh things.
【答案】1.Listening 2.mainly 3.musical 4. lder 5. t remember
6.feelings 7. n 8. as / because 9. what 10. brings
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要“我”对音乐的感受，旨在指导读者发现音乐带给我们的好处。
【1题详解】
考查动名词作主语。句意：听音乐可以帮助我在困难时期振作起来。此处需要用动名词作主语，表示“听音乐”这一行为，故答案是Listening。
【2题详解】
考查词性转换。句意：我主要听父母听的音乐。修饰动词“listened”需要用副词形式。故答案是mainly。
【3题详解】
考查词性转换。句意：我不太关心音乐创作。修饰名词“cmpsitins”需要用形容词形式。故答案是musical。
【4题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：现在随着我年纪的增长，我喜欢它，因为它让我回忆起童年。根据前文“When I was yunger”，该句与现在的自己比较，用比较级形式，故答案是lder。
【5题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：现在随着我年纪的增长，我喜欢它，因为它让我回忆起童年。固定搭配“allw sb. t d sth.”表示“允许某人做某事”。故答案是t remember
【6题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：我相信音乐有能力传达各种各样的情感。All srts f后接名词形式，且情感是多种的，所以用复数。故答案是feelings。
【7题详解】
考查介词。句意：音乐对我们的情感产生的影响是令人难以置信的，因为它可以让人们泪流满面或捧腹大笑。固定搭配 “have an effect n”表示“对...有影响”，故答案是n。
【8题详解】
考查连词。句意：音乐对我们的情感产生的影响是令人难以置信的，因为它可以让人们泪流满面或捧腹大笑。设空处后接的是一个完整的句子，可知，该空要填连词。根据句意，设空处表达“因为”，故答案是as / because。
【9题详解】
考查连词。句意：对我来说，音乐不仅仅是我们听或演奏的东西。所填词引导表语从句，在从句中作宾语，指事物，故答案是what。
【10题详解】
考查谓语。句意：在我的生活中，正是音乐让我与朋友和家人更加亲近，这是非常重要的。
该句中包含了强调句，被强调部分是句子主语music，强调句使用是it is，说明是一般现在时，故答案是brings。
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM
（2024新课标1卷）Help restre and prtect Marin's natural areas frm the Marin Headlands t Blinas Ridge. We'll explre beautiful park sites while cnducting invasive (侵入的) plant remval, winter planting, and seed cllectin. Habitat Restratin Team vlunteers play a vital rle in restring sensitive resurces and prtecting endangered species acrss the ridges and valleys.
GROUPS
Grups f five r mre require special arrangements and must be cnfirmed in advance. Please review the List f Available Prjects and fill ut the Grup Prject Request Frm.
AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING
Vlunteers aged 10 and ver are welcme. Read ur Yuth Plicy Guidelines fr yuth under the age f 15.
Bring yur cmpleted Vlunteer Agreement Frm. Vlunteers under the age f 18 must have the parent/guardian apprval sectin signed.
We'll be wrking rain r shine. Wear clthes that can get dirty. Bring layers fr changing weather and a raincat if necessary.
Bring a persnal water bttle, sunscreen, and lunch.
N experience necessary. Training and tls will be prvided. Fulfills (满足) cmmunity service requirements.
UPCOMING EVENTS
1. What is the aim f the Habitat Restratin Team?
A. T discver mineral resurces. B. T develp new wildlife parks.
C. T prtect the lcal ecsystem. D. T cnduct bilgical research.
2. What is the lwer age limit fr jining the Habitat Restratin Team?
A. 5. B. 10. C. 15. D. 18.
3. What are the vlunteers expected t d?
A. Bring their wn tls. B. Wrk even in bad weather.
C. Wear a team unifrm. D. D at least three prjects.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参加保护当地生态系统的栖息地恢复小组的时间地点等相关细节。
1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Help restre and prtect Marin’s natural areas frm the Marin Headlands t Blinas Ridge. We’ll explre beautiful park sites while cnducting invasive (侵入的) plant remval, winter planting, and seed cllectin. Habitat Restratin Team vlunteers play a vital rle in restring sensitive resurces and prtecting endangered species acrss the ridges and valleys. (帮助恢复和保护从马林海岬到波利纳斯岭的马林海的自然区域。我们将探索美丽的公园场地，同时进行入侵植物清除、冬季种植和种子收集。栖息地恢复小组的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊和山谷中的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用)”可知，栖息地恢复小组的目的是保护当地生态系统。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Vlunteers aged 10 and ver are welcme. (欢迎10岁及以上的志愿者)”可知，参加栖息地恢复小组的最低年龄限制是10岁。故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据文章第五段“We’ll be wrking rain r shine. (我们将风雨无阻地工作)”可知，身为志愿者，即使天气不好也要工作。故选B项。
B
（2024新课标1卷） “I am nt crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shrtly after perfrming acupuncture (针灸) n a rabbit. “I am ahead f my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even sme f his cwrkers ccasinally laugh at his unusual methds. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s ne f a small but grwing number f American veterinarians (兽医) nw practicing “hlistic” medicine – cmbining traditinal Western treatments with acupuncture, chirpractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
Farber, a graduate f Clrad State University, started ut as a mre cnventinal veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ag when he suffered frm terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but fund little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he imprved after tw r three treatments. What wrked n a veterinarian seemed likely t wrk n his patients. S, after studying the techniques fr a cuple f years, he began ffering them t pets.
Leigh Tindale’s dg Charlie had a serius heart cnditin. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared t put him t sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dg’s suffering s much that she was able t keep him alive fr an additinal five mnths. And Priscilla Dewing reprts that her hrse, Nappy, “mves mre easily and rides mre cmfrtably” after a chirpractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the hlistic apprach will grw mre ppular with time, and if the past is any indicatin, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Hlistic Veterinary Medical Assciatin has grwn frm 30 t ver 700. “Smetimes it surprises me that it wrks s well,” he says. “I will d anything t help an animal. That’s my jb.”
4. What d sme f Farber’s cwrkers think f him?
A. He’s dd.B. He’s strict.
C. He’s brave.D. He’s rude.
5. Why did Farber decide t try acupuncture n pets?
A. He was trained in it at university. B. He was inspired by anther veterinarian.
C. He benefited frm it as a patient. D. He wanted t save mney fr pet wners.
6. What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A. Steps f a chirpractic treatment. B. The cmplexity f veterinarians’ wrk.
C. Examples f rare animal diseases. D. The effectiveness f hlistic medicine.
7. Why des the authr mentin the American Hlistic Veterinary Medical Assciatin?
A. T prve Farber’s pint. B. T emphasize its imprtance.
C. T praise veterinarians. D. T advcate animal prtectin.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. A
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述兽医威廉·法伯(William Farber)博士在从针灸中受益后，将综合医疗应用于动物，并取得了初步成效。
4.细节理解题。根据第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even sme f his cwrkers ccasinally laugh at his unusual methds.( 如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farber的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。故选A。
5.细节理解题。根据第二段的“Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he imprved after tw r three treatments. What wrked n a veterinarian seemed likely t wrk n his patients. S, after studying the techniques fr a cuple f years, he began ffering them t pets.(然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效。因此，在研究了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提供给宠物。)”可知，Farber作为患者从针灸中受益，这促使他决定尝试在宠物上使用针灸。故选C。
6.主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Leigh Tindale’s dg Charlie had a serius heart cnditin. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared t put him t sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dg’s suffering s much that she was able t keep him alive fr an additinal five mnths. And Priscilla Dewing reprts that her hrse, Nappy, “mves mre easily and rides mre cmfrtably” after a chirpractic adjustment.(利·廷代尔的狗查理患有严重的心脏病。廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月。普里西拉·杜因(Priscilla Dewing)报告说，她的马纳皮(Nappy)经过脊椎按摩调整后，“行动更容易，乘车更舒服”。) ”可知，本段主要讲述了两个例子，一个是Farber通过整体医学方法帮助了患有严重心脏病的狗Charlie，另一个是马Nappy在接受脊椎按摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒适。这些例子都是为了说明整体医学的有效性。故选D。
7.推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farber is certain that the hlistic apprach will grw mre ppular with time, and if the past is any indicatin, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Hlistic Veterinary Medical Assciatin has grwn frm 30 t ver 700. ( 法伯确信，随着时间的推移，综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个。)”可知，法伯认为综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，随后作者列举了美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个的例子，因此推断美国整体兽医协会是为证明法伯的观点。故选A。
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
（2024新课标1卷）I’ve been mtivated – and demtivated – by ther flks’ achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighbrhd friend 1 a marathn race. Feeling mtivated, I started running 2 , but then tw things happened. First, a girl I met ne day tld me she was 3 fr a “super,” referring t a 52.4-mile duble marathn. Then, the next day I went n my lngest run – 15 miles. T be hnest, I 4 it! Between the girl making my 5 seem small and the pure bredm f jgging, I decided that the nly 6 I’d ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!
S I 7 cycling. I gt a gd bike and rde a lt. I 8 f entering cycle races until I flew t San Dieg t visit my sister. While she was at wrk ne day, I 9 her bike and went fr a ride. The 10 : The rads there went thrugh large valleys where I’d be riding uphill fr miles at a time. I’d never faced such 11 . That day, I gt 12 by abut 100 “lcal” bikers wh were used t such rads. When I gt back hme, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 13 .
I’ve 14 a lt since then. I’ve cme t accept that whatever 15 I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.
1. A. knew B. held C. wn D. quit
2. A. regularly B. silently C. prudly D. recently
3. A. asking B. lking C. waiting D. training
4. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved
5. A. advantage B. achievement C. cntributin D. influence
6. A. way B. risk C. place D. reasn
7. A. gave up B. went n C. turned t D. dealt with
8. A. heard B. dreamed C. cmplained D. apprved
9. A. painted B. brrwed C. bught D. parked
10. A. prblem B. secret C. principle D. advice
11. A. dangers B. events C. ppnents D. challenges
12. A. passed B. cnvinced C. admired D. stpped
13. A. reliable B. cnvenient C. familiar D. appealing
14. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. wrried
15. A. limits B. dates C. gals D. tests
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. B
10. A 11. D 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动（跑步和骑自行车）的兴趣和经历，并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。
1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew知道；B. held抓住；C. wn赢得；D. quit退出。根据后文“Feeling mtivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C项。
2.考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly有规律地；B. silently默默地；C. prudly自豪地；D. recently最近。根据前文“Feeling mtivated” 可知，作者有了动力，所以应是定期跑步，符合语境。故选A项。
3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指的是52.4英里的双马拉松。A. asking要求；B. lking看；C. waiting等待；D. training训练。根据后文“referring t a 52.4-mile duble marathn”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。故选D项。
4.考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A. made制作；B. believed相信；C. hated讨厌；D. deserved值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went n my lngest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making my 5 seem small and the pure bredm f jgging”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles和女孩一比微不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C项。
5.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage优势；B. achievement成就；C. cntributin贡献；D. influence影响。根据前文“Then, the next day I went n my lngest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem small”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles，而女孩在为52.4 miles做训练，所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选B项。
6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way方式；B. risk风险；C. place地方；D. reasn理由。根据后文“I’d ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才会再跑步，这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D项。
7.考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始骑自行车。A. gave up放弃；B. went n继续；C. turned t转向；D. dealt with处理。根据前文“I decided that the nly6I'd ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!”可知，作者决定放弃跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C项。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard听到；B. dreamed梦想；C. cmplained抱怨；D. apprved批准。根据后文“f entering cycle races”结合选项可知，此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。故选B项。
9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted把……描绘成；B. brrwed借；C. bught买；D. parked停(车)。根据前文“I flew t San Dieg t visit my sister”以及后文“went fr a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B项。
10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是：那里的道路穿过很大的山谷，我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A. prblem问题；B. secret秘密；C. principle原则；D. advice建议。根据后文“I’d be riding uphill fr miles at a time. I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说，是一个问题。故选A项。
11.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A. dangers危险；B. events事件；C. ppnents对手；D. challenges挑战。根据前文“The 10 : The rads there went thrugh large valleys where I’d be riding uphill fr miles at a time.”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说是一个挑战。故选D项。
12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：。那天，我被大约100个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。A. passed超过；B. cnvinced说服；C. admired欣赏；D. stpped阻止。根据前文“I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战，所以是被很多人超过。故选A项。
13.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable可信赖的；B. cnvenient方便的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据前文“That day, I gt 12 by abut 100 “lcal” bikers wh were used t such rads.”可知，作者那天骑行被100多人超过，所以此时是觉得骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。故选D项。
14.考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled旅行；B. matured (情感和认识)成熟；C. missed思念；D. wrried担心。根据后文“I’ve cme t accept that whatever 15 I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。故选B项。
15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的。A. limits限制；B. dates日期；C. gals目标；D. tests测试。根据后文“I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.”可知，此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的”，符合语境。故选C项。