【03-暑假培优练】专题04 定语从句之关系副词的用法 (教师版)-2025年新高一英语暑假衔接讲练 (人教版)(2)

这是一份【03-暑假培优练】专题04 定语从句之关系副词的用法 (教师版)-2025年新高一英语暑假衔接讲练 (人教版)(2)，共23页。试卷主要包含了关系副词的基本用法，“介词+关系代词”的用法等内容，欢迎下载使用。
内容早知道
☛第一层 巩固提升练
考点一 关系副词的基本用法
考点二 “介词+关系代词”的用法
☛第二层 能力培优练
☛第三层 拓展突破练
☛第四层 高考真题练
关系副词的基本用法
【知识积累·练前热身】
定语从句除了由关系代词（that, which, wh, whm等）引导外，还可由关系副词when, where, why引导，它们在从句中作状语。
1.关系副词when引导的定语从句
当定语从句所修饰的先行词是表示时间的名词，且在定语从句中充当时间状语时，用when引导，也可以用“介词+which”来代替when。
I will never frget the day when / n which an earthquake struck Wenchuan, Sichuan Prvince.
我永远也不会忘记四川省汶川县发生地震的那一天。
2.关系副词where引导的定语从句
当定语从句所修饰的先行词是表示地点的名词，且在定语从句中充当地点状语时，用where引导，也可以用“介词+which”来代替where。
The huse where / in which I lived ten years ag has been pulled dwn.
我10年前居住的那所房子已经被拆了。
3.关系副词why引导的定语从句
当先行词是reasn且从句缺少状语时，用why引导定语从句，相当于fr which。
The reasn why / fr which I was late was that my car brke dwn n the way.
我迟到的原因是我的汽车在路上抛锚了。
⚠️注意：
1.如果定语从句前面的先行词是situatin, stage, pint, case, psitin, cnditin, activity, scene, ccasin, spt等抽象地点名词，且在从句中作状语时，应用where来引导定语从句。
Let’s think f a situatin where the idim can be used prperly.
让我们想出一个可以正确使用该习语的情况。
Tday, we’ll discuss a number f cases where beginners f English fail t use the language prperly.
今天，我们将讨论一些关于英语初学者对英语使用不当的情况。
2.先行词是pint (时刻)，ccasin(时刻)等抽象时间的名词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，也应用when引导。
We had reached the pint when there was n mney left.
3.当先行词为way，意为“方法、方式”。若在定语从句中作主语、宾语时，可用关系代词which或that；作状语时，要用in which 或that或不填。
The way that/which/不填 he explained t us was quite simple.
The way that/in which/不填 he explained the sentence t us was nt difficult t understand.
1．I still remember that afternn ________ I fell asleep n the bus and went past my stp.
【答案】when
【详解】句意：我还记得那天下午，我在公共汽车上睡着了，过了站。
考查定语从句。分析句子，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词afternn，指时间，在从句中作时间状语，故用when。故填when。
2．The reasn ________ we culd succeed was that we culd wrk efficiently as a team.
【答案】why
【详解】句意：我们能够成功的原因是我们可以作为一个团队高效地工作。
考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用关系副词引导，先行词是reasn，所以应该用why引导。故填why。
3．Please take me t a distant land ________ I can find the animal that gave fur t make this sweater.
【答案】where
【详解】句意：请带我去一个遥远的地方，在那里我可以找到为制作这件毛衣提供皮毛的动物。
考查定语从句。句中先行词为land，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。结合句意，故填where。
4．I still remember the year _________ we studied tgether.
【答案】when
【详解】句意：我仍然记得我们一起学习的那一年。
考查定语从句。分析句子，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the year，先行词指时间，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，所以使用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。
5．The schl________we visited yesterday is newly built.
【答案】that/which/不填
【详解】句意：我们昨天参观的学校是新建造的。
考查定语从句。分析句子，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the schl，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作动词visited的宾语，所以空处应填写关系代词that/which。故填that/which/不填。
6．Occasins are quite rare ______ I have the time t spend a day with my kids.
【答案】when
【详解】句意：我花一天时间和孩子们在一起的机会是非常罕见的。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为ccasin，表示时间，且先行词在从句中做状语，故用关系副词when来引导定语从句，故填when。
7．They were put int a psitin ________ they had n right t vte r t be elected.
【答案】where
【详解】句意：他们处于无选举权和无被选举权的处境中。
考查定语从句。空前空后都是句子，需用连接词引导空后从句。因为句子跟在名词psitin之后作定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where.
8．I can never frget the day______we wrked tgether and the day______we spent tgether.
【答案】when, which/that/不填
【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记我们一起工作的日子，还有我们一起度过的日子。
考查定语从句。第一空中the day是先行词，定语从句we wrked tgether是主谓结构，wrk是不及物动词，定语从句不缺少主语或宾语，先行词指时间，故用when引导，故填when；第二空后spent“度过”，后面缺少宾语，故用which/that引导定语从句，也可以不填，故填which/that/不填。
9．We admire him fr the way________he faces his difficulties.
【答案】that/in which/不填
【详解】句意：我们钦佩他面对困难的方法。
查定语从句。此处是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词way，关系词替代先行词在从句作状语，故填that/in which或不填。
10．I’m at an age ________ I dn’t knw what lve is, but yur sweet smile still tuches me.
【答案】when
【详解】句意：我已经到了不懂什么是爱的年纪，但你甜美的笑容依然让我感动。
考查定语从句。句中先行词为age，在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。根据句意，故填when。
“介词+关系代词”的用法
1.“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时，关系代词指物时，为“介词+which”；关系代词指人时，为“介词+whm”;关系代词是所有格时，为“介词+whse”。
The man t whm yu spke is a teacher.
The city in which she lives in far away frm her hme.
He is the man in whse pcket I fund my lst mney.
2.“介词+关系代词”前可能会有sme,nne,all,bth,any,many,mst,each,few,neither等代词。
I have many friends, mst f which have a gd cmmand f English.
I have many friends and mst f them have a gd cmmand f English.
3.某些在从句中充当时间、地点、或原因的介词+关系代词可以和关系副词when,where,why互换。即when=介词+关系代词；where=介词+关系代词；why=fr+关系代词。
This is the reasn why/fr which he gave up the chance.
This is the cmpany where/in which we wrked last year.
I’m lking frward t a day when/n which we can enjy a clean and quiet envirnment.
4.介词选择的三个原则:
“一先”，即根据先行词的习惯搭配或意义来确定介词。
1) I still remember the day n which I met TFbys. (n the day在那天)
2) I will never frget the farm n which I wrked with yu. (n the farm在农场)
3) The mney with which yu were t buy fd is gne. (with mney用钱)
“二动”，即根据定语从句中的谓语动词的习惯搭配来确定介词。
1)D yu like the bk n which she spent $10? (spend mney n sth花费金钱做某事).
2) D yu like the bk fr which she paid $10? (pay fr付钱)
“三意义”，即根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词。
1) Air, withut which man can’t live, is really imprtant.
空气非常重要，没有了它人类便不能生存。
2)This is the man with whm my brther has wrked fr ten years.
这就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那个人。
⚠️注意：
并非所有介词都可以放到关系代词前，有些“动词+介词”被视为一个固定的词组, 不可分割, 这时不能把介词置于关系代词前, 如：lk fr, lk after, pay attentin t, take care f , lk frward t, g thrugh等。
The patient whm she is lking after is her father. ✅
The patient after whm she is lking is her father. ❌
1. Bb asked several peple t cme t his hme fr dinner last night, tw f______were his classmates.
【答案】whm
【详解】句意：鲍勃昨晚请几个人来他家吃饭，其中两个是他的同学。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，两个句子之间没有连词，应该考查非限制性定语从句，先行词peple指人，用whm作宾语，引导定语从句，故填whm。
2. They encuntered cuntless hardships thrughut their jurney, each f______tested their will, but they succeeded in the end.
【答案】which
【详解】句意：他们在旅途中遇到了无数的困难，每一次都考验了他们的意志，但他们最终成功了。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词hardships，为物，在从句中作介词f后宾语，所以应用关系代词which，故填which。
3. The gas ______ which we can nt live is called xygen.
【答案】withut
【详解】句意：没有氧气我们就无法生存。
介词+关系代词。“介词+关系代词(which)”引导是限制性定语从句，介词的选择与和先行词或从句中形成的搭配有关，withut the gas (没有这种气体)，用介词withut。故填withut。
4. In the strange city, there wasn’t a single persn ______ whm she culd turn fr help
【答案】t
【详解】句意：在这个陌生的城市里，她找不到一个可以求助的人。
考查介词+关系代词。分析句子可知，句子为“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，先行词为“persn”，句中涉及固定短语“turn t sb. fr hep”，意为“向某人求助”，先行词“persn”在从句中作介词“t”的宾语，故空格处应用介词“t”。故填t。
5. After ten hurs’ drive, we came t a green huse, thrugh ______ glass wall we saw lts f green plants.
【答案】whse
【详解】句意：经过十个小时的车程，我们来到了一所绿色的房子，透过它的玻璃墙，我们看到了许多绿色的植物。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处考查非限制性定语从句，从句的名词glass wall缺少定语，用whse表示“……的”，故填whse。
6. Raising the retirement age is a subject ______ which all the Chinese have argued fr a lng time.
【答案】abut
【详解】句意：提高退体年龄是所有中国人长期争论的话题。
考查介词+关系代词。分析句子结构，本句为含有“介词+which”引导定语从句的复合句，定语从句修饰先行词 subject，argue abut sth表示“就某事争论”，所以介词应用 abut。故填 abut。
7. He was the first ne in the university t set up a cmpany,_______ which he devted a lt f time and energy.
【答案】t
【详解】句意：他是村里第一个成立公司的人，为此他投入了大量的时间和精力。
考查介词+关系代词。根据句子结构分析，可知逗号后是非限制性定语从句，devte…t…是固定短语，意为“将……致力于……”，是介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，介词是t，故填t。
8. The man _________ whm I received a letter was my brther!
【答案】frm
【详解】句意：我收到这封信的那个人是我的哥哥。
考查介词+关系代词。分析可知，man后是“介词+关系代词引导的限制性定语从句，介词取决于先行词或从句中的谓语动词的相关搭配。根据句意可知，我收到这封信的那个人是我的哥哥，我是从那个人那里收到信，因此空格处是“从”，receive sth frm，即介词 frm，故填 frm。
9. The settlement is hme t nearly 1000 peple, mst f _________ left their village hmes fr a better life in the city.
【答案】whm
【详解】句意：这里是将近 1000人的家园，他们中的很多人为了在城市里过上更好的日子而背井离乡。
考查介词+关系代词。分析句子结构可知，该句是定语从句。关系词前有介词，需用“介词+which/whm”的结构，先行词是 peple，指人。故填 whm。
10. The film in _________ he played the leading rle was a great success
【答案】which
【详解】句意：他主演的那部电影非常成功。
考查介词+关系代词。分析句子结构可知，介词in与设空处构成“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词为The film，指物，在从句中作状语，因而用in which引导。故填which。
一、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
My brther Henry and I were driving hme when he tk a wrng turn. The wrng turn tk us twards a ___1___ and we had n way t turn back. ___2___, my brther paid the tll (通行费) and drve n. He was clearly ___3___ by the mistake.
We finally fund a(n)___4___ and, as we tk it, my brther nticed a black car ___5___ t the side f the rad. A yung man hlding a mbile phne was standing nearby, trying t ___6___ smene. My brther stpped t ask the man if he needed ___7___.
And he did. He had a ___8___ tire (轮胎). With a wrench (扳手), my brther started t help him ___9___ the tire. The yung man said that this had been a ___10___week fr him; earlier a minr car accident, and nw this flat tire. But he called us “A breath f fresh air” and kept ___11___ us and tried t give $20 t us. “N,” my brther said. “We were never ___12___ t even get n that bridge. We tk a wrng turn and met yu. Thank yu fr turning ur mistake int a ___13___ t serve.”
I watched my brther thrugh the whle ___14___. He was able t turn his anger fr the mistake int ___15___ energy. He was able t see a chance t help in a negative situatin.
1. A. bridge B. rad C. street D. twer
2. A. Undubtedly B. Unluckily C. Unexpectedly D. Unwillingly
3. A. amused B. shcked C. upset D. pleased
4. A. exit B. man C. car D. sign
5. A. speeded up B. pulled ver C. went ut D. passed by
6. A. greet B. impress C. fight D. call
7. A. advice B. help C. fd D. water
8. A. wrng B. dirty C. small D. flat
9. A. change B. rll C. pick D. buy
10. A. busy B. great C. bad D. strange
11. A. fllwing B. thanking C. refusing D. admiring
12. A. required B. asked C. allwed D. meant
13. A. chance B. plan C. dream D. duty
14. A. prject B. turn C. prcess D. speech
15. A. brave B. psitive C. right D. different
【答案】1.A 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.B 8.D 9.A
10.C 11.B 12.D 13.A 14.C 15.B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。哥哥亨利和“我”开车回家时拐错了弯还付了通行费，这让哥哥非常恼火，但是在帮助路边的一辆车换了轮胎之后，哥哥把对错误的愤怒转化为了积极的能量。
【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：错误的转弯把我们带向一座桥，我们没有办法回头。A. bridge桥；B. rad路；C. street街道；D. twer塔。根据后文“get n that bridge(上那座桥)”可知，此处是指带向一座桥。故选A。
【2题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我哥哥不情愿地付了通行费，继续开车。A. Undubtedly毫无疑问地；B. Unluckily不幸地；C. Unexpectedly出乎意料地，意外地；D. Unwillingly不情愿地。根据“my brther paid the tll”可知，此处是指不情愿地付了通行费。故选D。
【3题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他显然因这个错误而心烦意乱。A. amused快乐的；B. shcked震惊的；C. upset失落的；D. pleased开心的。根据前文“my brther paid the tll (通行费) and drve n”可知，此处是指因这个错误而心烦意乱。故选C。
【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们终于找到了一个出口，当我们走出去的时候，我哥哥注意到一辆黑色的汽车停在路边。A. exit出口；B. man男人；C. car汽车；D. sign信号。根据前文“The wrng turn tk us twards”可知，此处是指找到出口下桥。故选A。
【5题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们终于找到了一个出口，当我们走出去的时候，我哥哥注意到一辆黑色的汽车停在路边。A. speeded up加速；B. pulled ver靠边停车；C. went ut外出；D. passed by经过。根据“t the side f the rad”可知，此处是指一辆黑色的汽车停在路边。故选B。
【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个拿着手机的年轻人站在附近，试图打电话给某人。A. greet问候；B. impress使……印象深刻；C. fight打架；D. call给……打电话。根据“A yung man hlding a mbile phne”可知，此处是指试图打电话给某人。故选D。
【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我哥哥停下来问那个人是否需要帮助。A. advice建议；B. help帮助；C. fd食物；D. water水。根据后文“my brther started t help him(我哥哥开始帮他)”可知，此处是指是否需要帮助。故选B。
【8题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的轮胎漏气了。A. wrng错误的；B. dirty脏的；C. small小的；D. flat（轮胎）没气的，瘪的。根据“With a wrench(拿着一个扳手)”可知，此处是指轮胎漏气了。故选D。
【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我哥哥拿着扳手开始帮他换轮胎。A. change更换；B. rll翻滚；C. pick拾；D. buy购买。根据“With a wrench”可知，此处是指换轮胎。故选A。
【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：年轻人说这一周他过得很糟糕；之前是一场小车祸，现在又爆胎了。A. busy忙碌的；B. great极好的；C. bad糟糕的；D. strange奇怪的。根据“earlier a minr car accident, and nw this flat tire”可知，此处是指这一周他过得很糟糕。故选C。
【11题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他称我们为“一股新鲜空气”，不停地感谢我们，并试图给我们20美元。A. fllwing跟随；B. thanking感谢；C. refusing拒绝；D. admiring钦佩。根据“and tried t give $20 t us(还想给我们20美元)”可知，此处是指不停地感谢“我”们。故选B。
【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们根本就没打算上那座桥。A. required要求；B. asked询问；C. allwed允许；D. meant打算。根据后文“We tk a wrng turn and met yu.(我们拐错了弯，遇见了你。)”可知，此处是指没打算上那座桥。故选D。
【13题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：感谢您把我们的错误变成提供服务的机会。A. chance机会；B. plan计划；C. dream梦想；D. duty责任。根据“Thank yu fr turning ur mistake int a”可知，此处是指把错误变成提供服务的机会。故选A。
【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个过程中我都看着哥哥。A. prject项目；B. turn拐弯；C. prcess过程；D. speech演讲。根据后文“He was able t see a chance t help in a negative situatin.(他能在不利的情况下看到帮助别人的机会。)”可知，此处是指整个过程中。故选C。
【15题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他把对错误的愤怒转化为积极的能量。A. brave勇敢的；B. psitive积极的；C. right正确的；D. different不同的。根据后文“He was able t see a chance t help in a negative situatin.(他能在不利的情况下看到帮助别人的机会。)”可知，此处是指把对错误的愤怒转化为积极的能量。故选B。
二、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The first bite f eating ice cream shcks and wakes yu up with its cldness. Nw enjy the beauty f fur different ice creams arund the wrld.
Kakigōri, Japan
Kakigōri, the Japanese versin f ice cream, is mst definitely nt a nice-cream cne (蛋卷冰激凌). Sme chefs make Kakigōri by shaving(刨) ice frm ice blcks. And traditinal street sellers still use their hands t shave ice in the summer. They then add syrup(糖浆) t the ice in flavrs like green tea, strawberries, grapes and melns. Yu can get it in the places such as restaurants, cffee shps and sn.
Raspad, Mexic
While snw cnes are made using much sweet syrup, rasp a ds have real fruits r fresh fruit juice. The treat is everywhere thrughut Mexic and sld at street carts, which sell a range f fruit-based shaved ice. Sellers make a mixture f a raspad and a milkshake called “eskim” using milk, cndensed milk, fresh seasnal fruit, sugar, vanilla and ice.
Dndurma, Türk iye
Is there an ice cream that desn’t melt(融化)? Yes, that’s exactly what dndurma is. Lcals als call it Maras dndurma, which is believed t cme frm the city and regin f Maras. Dndurma is made with gat milk, sugar, mastic and salep. The Turkish usually buy their dndurma frm streets.
Frzen Custard, US
Frzen custard is the typical American ice cream which is a mixture f milk, cream, sugar and eggs. It is dense because it’s made in a machine that desn’t let air int it. Americans usually have a chice between vanilla r chclate. They can als g fr a mixture f the tw.
1. What d kakigōri and rasp a d have in cmmn?
A. They bth have shaved ice.B. They are bth high utput，
C. They bth nly have single taste.D. They bth have lw ppularity.
2. What is included in dndurma?
A. Green tea.B. Fruit juice.C. Gat milk.D. Chclate.
3. Which may be suitable fr chclate lvers?
A. Raspad.B. Kakigōri.C. Dndurma.D. Frzen custard.
【答案】1.A 2.C 3.D
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四个国家的具有代表性的冰激凌。
【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Kakigōri, Japan部分中“Sme chefs make Kakigōri by shaving(刨) ice frm ice blcks. (一些厨师通过从冰块上刮冰来制作Kakigōri。)”和Raspad, Mexic部分中“The treat is everywhere thrughut Mexic and sld at street carts, which sell a range f fruit-based shaved ice. (这种美食在墨西哥随处可见，在街头手推车上出售，手推车上出售一系列水果刨冰。)”可知，kakigōri和raspad的共同之处是都有刨冰。故选A。
【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Dndurma, Türk iye部分中“Dndurma is made with gat milk, sugar, mastic and salep. The Turkish usually buy their dndurma frm streets. (Dndurma是用羊奶、糖、玛蹄脂和salep制成的。土耳其人通常在街上买他们的dndurma。)”可知，dndurma中含有羊奶。故选C。
【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Americans usually have a chice between vanilla r chclate. (美国人通常可以在香草和巧克力之间做出选择。)”可知，frzen custard有香草口味和巧克力口味，适合巧克力爱好者。故选D。
B
I’ve been having truble cncentrating n ne thing. It made schl difficult fr me. When everyne else in the class was fcusing n tasks, I culd nt.
In my first literature class, Mrs. Smith asked us t read a stry and then write n it, all within 45 minutes. I raised my hand right away and said, “Mrs. Smith, yu see, the dctr said I have attentin prblems. I might nt be able t d it.” She glanced dwn at me thrugh her glasses, “Yu are nt different frm yur classmates, yung man.”
I tried, but I didn’t finish the reading when the bell rang. I had t take it hme.
In the quietness f my bedrm, the stry suddenly all became clear t me. It was abut a blind persn, Luis Braille. He lived in a time when the blind culdn’t get much educatin. But Luis didn’t give up. Instead, he invented a reading system f raised dts (点), which pened up a whle new wrld f knwledge t the blind.
Wasn’t I the “blind” in my class, being made t learn like the “sighted” students? My thughts spilled ut and my pen started t dance. I cmpleted the task within 40 minutes. Indeed, I was nt different frm thers; I just needed a quieter place. If Luis culd find his way ut f his prblems, why shuld I ever give up?
I didn’t expect anything when I handed in my paper t Mrs. Smith, s it was quite a surprise when it came back t me the next day — with an “A” n it. At the bttm f the paper were these wrds: “See what yu can d when yu keep trying?”
Inspired and tuched, I began t keep trying hard in my study and struggled against attentin prblems. I believe ne can find his way ut f difficulty with determinatin (决心) and effrts.
4. Why didn’t the authr finish his reading in class?
A. He missed several classes befre.
B. He was nt a bit interested in literature.
C. He was unable t cncentrate n his task.
D. He was used t ding his hmewrk at hme.
5. What d we knw abut Luis Braille frm the text?
A. He was pr.B. He was well-educated.
C. He was shrtsighted.D. He was very creative.
6. What kind f teacher is Mrs. Smith accrding t the text?
A. Impatient.B. Encuraging.
C. Disappinting.D. Careless.
7. What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. Yu can never be t ld t learn.
B. D nt judge a bk by its cver.
C. One gd turn deserves anther.
D. Where there is a will, there is a way.
【答案】4.C 5.D 6.B 7.D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者患有注意力障碍，不能集中精力于所做的事情，他不愿努力而且想放弃。但在路易·布莱叶故事的激励下，作者克服困难，很好地完成作业并得到老师的高度认可。
【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“I’ve been having truble cncentrating n ne thing. It made schl difficult fr me. When everyne else in the class was fcusing n tasks, I culd nt.(我一直无法集中精力做一件事。这让我在学校学习变得很困难。当班上其他人都专注于任务时，我却不能。)”可知，作者没有在课堂上完成阅读是因为他无法专注于他的任务。故选C。
【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段第五句“Instead, he invented a reading system f raised dts (点), which pened up a whle new wrld f knwledge t the blind.(相反，他发明了一种凸起点的阅读系统，为盲人打开了一个全新的知识世界。)”可知，路易·布莱叶很有创造力。故选D。
【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“She glanced dwn at me thrugh her glasses, “Yu are nt different frm yur classmates, yung man.”(她透过眼镜瞥了我一眼：“年轻人，你和你的同学没什么不同。”)”和第六段“I didn’t expect anything when I handed in my paper t Mrs. Smith, s it was quite a surprise when it came back t me the next day — with an “A” n it. At the bttm f the paper were these wrds: “See what yu can d when yu keep trying?”(当我把论文交给史密斯太太的时候，我并没有期望得到什么，所以当我第二天收到我的论文时，我很惊讶——上面还有一个“a”。在纸的底部有这样一句话：“看看当你不断尝试时你能做什么？”)”可知，史密斯太太是一个很会鼓励学生的老师。故选B。
【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“I believe ne can find his way ut f difficulty with determinatin (决心) and effrts.(我相信只要有决心和努力，就能走出困境。)”可知，从最后一段中可以了解到有志者事竟成的道理。故选D。
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I was a shy girl. I didn’t even like t answer the telephne fr fear that I had t talk t smebdy I didn’t knw. I enjyed the wrld f shyness. Hwever, at schl I had t spend all day in the cmpany f thers. My escape was reading. I spent a lt f time studying and was rewarding with gd grades. My nly failure was Spanish-I’d get all As n my written wrk and tests, but Ds and Fs n the spken part.
Eventually I went t cllege. During my third year f cllege, I had enugh f being shy and decided t change my utlk and behavir. One day while at schl, I nticed an advertisement fr psitins n the lcal classical music radi statin. I had grwn up listening t classical music, and I culd easily prnunce names such as Tchaikvsk and Chpin.
I had abslutely n backgrund in radi, and abslutely n hpe f getting the jb. The idea f talking t thusands f listeners in “radi land” frightened me. Hwever, I luckily survived the interview. I was given brief descriptins f symphnic(交响乐)and a public service annuncement t read, and a list f cmpsers’ names t prnunce. It wasn’t hard fr me. I left the recrding sessins(录音片段)with a sense f relief and a sense f accmplishment. Abut tw weeks later I actually landed the jb. It was a challenging jb, but I grew t enjy it greatly. I began t feel cmfrtable talking t peple.
Althugh I nw spend many hurs each week talking with peple, I’m still basically a quiet persn. Perhaps it is my sft vice and my quiet nature that helps draw peple ut as they respnd t my questins as I interviewed them. My frmer shyness is a frtune, as I can relate t peple wh feel uncmfrtable when they talk t newspaper reprters. I still enjy mments f lneliness and the peace fund in nature. But I’m als glad I decided t make a change in my life that has pened many dr and pprtunities that I never dreamt f.
1. What d we learn abut the authr?
A. She liked readingB. She was gd at Spanish.
C. She wasn’t interested in music.D. She didn’t wrk hard enugh
2. Hw did the authr feel befre the interview?
A. Very excited.B. Pretty cnfident.
C. Highly cnfused.D. Extremely anxius.
3. What des the authr later think f her quiet persnality?
A. It makes thers feel less cmfrtable.
B. It is helpful fr her challenging jb.
C. It prevents her being a newspaper reprter.
D. It draws a negative respnse frm audiences.
4. The text mainly fcuses n the authr’s______.
A. desire t find her true self
B. feeling abut being a radi hstess
C. stry f explring the meaning f life
D. experience and feeling f vercming shyness
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从小害羞、不善于表达，由于大学期间面试了一份与人交流的工作，从而性格有所改变，克服了害羞的缺点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“My escape was reading. I spent a lt f time studying and was rewarding with gd grades (我逃避的方式是读书，我花了很多时间学习，取得了好成绩)”可知，作者喜欢读书，故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The idea f talking t thusands f listeners in “radi land” frightened me(在“广播之地”与成千上万的听众交谈的想法吓坏了我)”可知，作者在参加面试之前感到很紧张，故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“My frmer shyness is a frtune, as I can relate t peple wh feel uncmfrtable when they talk t newspaper reprters.(我以前的害羞是一种幸运，因为我能与那些在与报社记者交谈时感到不舒服的人相处)”可知，作者后来认为自己的性格对她富有挑战性的工作很有帮助，故选B项。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“I was a shy girl. I didn’t even like t answer the telephne fr fear that I had t talk t smebdy I didn’t knw.( 我是个害羞的女孩。我甚至不喜欢接电话，因为我害怕不得不和一个我不认识的人说话)”、第二段“During my third year f cllege, I had enugh f being shy and decided t change my utlk and behavir.( 大学三年级时，我受够了害羞，决定改变自己的观点和行为)”、倒数第二段“I began t feel cmfrtable talking t peple.( 我开始觉得与人交谈很舒服)”以及最后一段“My frmer shyness is a frtune, as I can relate t peple wh feel uncmfrtable when they talk t newspaper reprters.( 我以前的害羞是一种幸运，因为我能与那些在与报社记者交谈时感到不舒服的人相处)”可推理出本文只要讲的是作者克服害羞的经验与感受，故选D项。
二、七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Circumnavigating the planet (环球旅行) and stpping ff wherever yu like is the final trip fr many travelers. ___1___ Here is a guide t get yu started.
Hw t d it
___2___ Theretically (理论上) any ruting is pssible, but knwing hw the RTW bking system wrks will make yur trip cheaper. Fr example, the Star Alliance (联盟) has 27 airlines which fly t 1,185 airprts in 185 cuntries, and ffers a RTW ticket with a maximum f 15 stps. But there are rules: yu must fllw ne glbal directin and yu must start and finish in the same cuntry.
When t g
The weather will never be ideal in all f yur stps. ___3___ If a Himalaya hike is yur highlight, d nt land in Nepal mid-mnsn (季风中) seasn; if yu want t swim with whale sharks ff the cast f Western Australia, be there between April and July. In general, city sightseeing can be dne year-rund but utdr adventures are mre reliant n — and enjyable in — the right weather.
___4___
The classic (and cheapest) RTW tickets flit between a few big cities, fr example, Lndn — Bangkk — Singapre — Sydney — LA. If yu want t link mre ffbeat (另类的) places, prices will climb cnsiderably. The cst f the ticket is based n the ttal distance cvered r the number f cuntries visited. ___5___ Yur daily utgings will be far higher in Eurpe and Nrth America than in Suth-East Asia. Indnesia, Blivia and India are particularly cheap.
A. Where t g
B. Hw lng will yu need
C. S, fcus n what yu want t d mst and research cnditins there.
D. Yu culd travel arund the wrld in a weekend if yu flew nn-stp.
E. Als, if budget (预算) is an issue, spend mre time in less expensive cuntries.
F. But bking a rund-the-wrld (RTW) trip can be a cmplex (复杂的) business.
G. The mst ecnmical way is t buy a RTW air ticket that uses ne airline alliance.
【答案】1. F 2. G 3. C 4. A 5.E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章对如何预订环球旅行（RTW）提供了一些指南。
【1题详解】根据后文“Here is a guide t get yu started.(这里有一个指南，让你开始。)”和“Theretically (理论上), any ruting is pssible, but knwing hw the RTW bking system wrks will make yur trip cheaper.(理论上，任何路线都是可能的，但了解全球旅行预订系统的运作方式会让你的旅行更便宜。)”可知，此处是指预订环球旅行是件复杂性的事情，所以选项F“但预订环球旅行（RTW）可能是一件复杂的事情。”切合文意。故选F。
【2题详解】根据后文“Theretically (理论上), any ruting is pssible, but knwing hw the RTW bking system wrks will make yur trip cheaper. Fr example, the Star Alliance (联盟) has 27 airlines which fly t 1,185 airprts in 185 cuntries, and ffers a RTW ticket with a maximum f 15 stps.(理论上，任何路线都是可能的，但了解全球旅行预订系统的运作方式会让你的旅行更便宜。例如，星空联盟拥有27家航空公司，飞往185个国家的1185个机场，并提供最多15站的全球套票。)”可知，此处是指购买一家航空公司联盟的环球旅行机票是最经济的，所以选项G“最经济的方法是购买一家航空公司联盟的环球旅行机票。”切合文意。故选G。
【3题详解】根据前文“The weather will never be ideal in all f yur stps.(天气不可能在你的所有站点都是理想的。)”和后文“If a Himalaya hike is yur highlight, d nt land in Nepal mid-mnsn (季风中) seasn; if yu want t swim with whale sharks ff the cast f Western Australia, be there between April and July.(如果喜马拉雅山徒步旅行是你的亮点，不要在季风季节登陆尼泊尔；如果你想在西澳大利亚海岸和鲸鲨一起游泳，那就在4月到7月之间去。)”可知，此处是指要注意自己想去的地方的天气条件，所以选项C“所以，专注于你最想做的事情，研究那里的条件。”切合文意。故选C。
【4题详解】根据后文“The classic (and cheapest) RTW tickets flit between a few big cities, fr example, Lndn — Bangkk — Singapre — Sydney — LA. If yu want t link mre ffbeat (另类的) places, prices will climb cnsiderably. The cst f the ticket is based n the ttal distance cvered r the number f cuntries visited.(经典的（也是最便宜的）环球套票在几个大城市之间飞行，例如，伦敦-曼谷-新加坡-悉尼-洛杉矶。如果你想连接更多不寻常的地方，价格将大幅攀升。机票的价格是根据旅行的总距离或访问的国家数量来决定的。)”可知，此处是指确定要去哪里来决定机票价格，所以选项A“去哪里”切合文意。故选A。
【5题详解】根据后文“Yur daily utgings will be far higher in Eurpe and Nrth America than in Suth-East Asia. Indnesia, Blivia and India are particularly cheap.(你在欧洲和北美的日常支出将远远高于东南亚。印尼、玻利维亚和印度尤其便宜。)”可知，此处是指如果预算有限就多在花费较少的地方旅行，所以选项E“此外，如果预算是个问题，那就在消费较低的国家多呆些时间。”切合文意。故选E。
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
In recent mnths, the China Grand Canal Museum in Yangzhu, which exhibits the histry and culture f the Grand Canal, 1 (attract) a great number f visitrs. Each day, the museum prvides 15, 000 tickets 2 visitrs t bk in advance. They usually sell ut n weekends, making the museum 3 ppular landmark in East China.
It takes nly 20 minutes 4 (get) t the museum by taxi frm the Yangzhudng Railway Statin. “My passin 5 (aruse) by thse passengers, s I tk my children t the museum t. I never knew why it had such great charm 6 I gt there.”
The museum 7 appearance resembles a giant ship, cvers 80,000 square meters and huses exhibitin halls. While telling its stry, the museum puts an 8 (emphasize) n imprving visitrs’ experience. Yung peple can take part in a live-actin rle-play game designed by the museum, transprting them back t the Ming Dynasty, and 9 (immerse) them in an amazing wrld. “It is 10 (true) a very meaningful experience,” said a visitr surnamed Chen.
【答案】1.has attracted 2.fr 3.a 4.t get 5. was arused
6.until 7.whse 8. emphasis 9. immersing 10.truly
【解析】
【1题详解】
考查谓语。句意：近几个月来，位于扬州的中国大运河博物馆，展示了大运河的历史和文化，吸引了大量的游客。分析句子可知，attract作谓语，主语是“the China Grand Canal Museum”，是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，由时间状语in recent mnths可知，用现在完成时，故填has attracted。
【2题详解】
考查介词。句意：该博物馆每天为游客提供15,000张门票，供游客提前预订。prvide sth. fr sb.“提供某物给某人”是固定短语，根据句意，故填fr。
【3题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他们通常在周末卖光，使博物馆成为中国东部的热门地标。landmark“地标，里程碑”是可数名词，此处泛指“一个受欢迎的地标”，故填a。
【4题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：从扬州东火车站乘出租车到博物馆只需20分钟。此处考查It takes sme time t d sth.“做某事需要多长时间”，是固定句型，it是形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语，故填t get。
【5题详解】
考查谓语。句意：那些乘客激起了我的热情，所以我也带着我的孩子们去了博物馆。分析句子可知，aruse是谓语动词，与主语my passin是被动关系，根据下文的tk可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语my passin是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填was arused。
【6题详解】
考查连词。句意：直到我到达那里，我才知道它为什么有如此大的魅力。分析句子可知，两个句子之间需要连词连接，根据句意，nt…until…“直到……才……”符合句意，用until引导时间状语从句，故填until。
【7题详解】
考查连词。句意：这个博物馆，它的外观像一艘巨轮，占地8万平方米，有14个展厅。分析句子可知，“ 7 appearance resembles a giant ship”是定语从句，与The museum构成所属关系，从句中作定语，引导非限制性定语从句用关系代词whse，故填whse。
【8题详解】
考查词性转换。句意：在讲述故事的同时，博物馆强调改善游客的体验。不定冠词修饰单数可数名词，作动词put的宾语，故填emphasis。
【9题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：年轻人可以参加由博物馆设计的真人角色扮演游戏，将他们送回明朝，并沉浸在一个神奇的世界中。分析句子可知，and连接“transprting them back t the Ming Dynasty”和“ (immerse) them in an amazing wrld”作状语，根据句意，此处表示意料之中的结果，用动词的-ing形式作结果状语，故填immersing。
【10题详解】
考查词性转换。句意：这确实是一次非常有意义的经历。修饰动词is用副词作状语，故填truly。
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2024新课标 = 2 \* ROMAN II卷）We all knw fresh is best when it cmes t fd. Hwever, mst prduce at the stre went thrugh weeks f travel and cvered hundreds f miles befre reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a slid chice t reduce the jurney, Babyln Micr-Farm (BMF) shrtens it even mre.
BMF is an indr garden system. It can be set up fr a family. Additinally, it culd serve a larger audience such as a hspital, restaurant r schl. The innvative design requires little effrt t achieve a reliable weekly supply f fresh greens.
Specifically, it’s a farm that relies n new technlgy. By cnnecting thrugh the Clud, BMF is remtely mnitred. Als, there is a cnvenient app that prvides grwing data in real time. Because the system is autmated, it significantly reduces the amunt f water needed t grw plants. Rather than watering rws f sil, the system prvides just the right amunt t each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pd (容器) t get the next grwth cycle started.
Mrever, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zer emissins (排放) frm transprting plants frm sil t salad. In additin, there’s n need fr pesticides and ther chemicals that pllute traditinal farms and the surrunding envirnment.
BMF emplyees live ut sustainability in their everyday lives. Abut half f them walk r bike t wrk. Inside the ffice, they encurage recycling and waste reductin by limiting garbage cans and aviding single-use plastic. “We are passinate abut reducing waste, carbn and chemicals in ur envirnment,” said a BMF emplyee.
1. What can be learned abut BMF frm paragraph 1?
A. It guarantees the variety f fd.B. It requires day-t-day care.
C. It cuts the farm-t-table distance.D. It relies n farmer’s markets.
2. What infrmatin des the cnvenient app ffer?
A. Real-time weather changes.B. Current cnditin f the plants.
C. Chemical pllutants in the sil.D. Availability f pre-seeded pds.
3. What can be cncluded abut BMF emplyees?
A. They have a great passin fr sprts.
B. They are devted t cmmunity service.
C. They are fnd f sharing daily experiences.
D. They have a strng envirnmental awareness.
4. What des the text mainly talk abut?
A. BMF’s majr strengths.B. BMF’s general management.
C. BMF’s glbal influence.D. BMF’s technical standards.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴比伦微农场（BMF）的一些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“While farmer’s markets are a slid chice t reduce the jurney, Babyln Micr-Farm (BMF) shrtens it even mre. (虽然农贸市场是减少旅程的可靠选择，但巴比伦微型农场（BMF）甚至缩短了旅程)”可知，巴比伦微型农场（BMF）进一步缩短了从农场到餐桌的距离。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Als, there is a cnvenient app that prvides grwing data in real time. (此外，还有一个便捷的应用程序，可以实时提供增长数据)”可知，这个便捷的应用程序提供了植物生长的实时数据。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“BMF emplyees live ut sustainability in their everyday lives. Abut half f them walk r bike t wrk. Inside the ffice, they encurage recycling and waste reductin by limiting garbage cans and aviding single-use plastic. “We are passinate abut reducing waste, carbn and chemicals in ur envirnment,” said a BMF emplyee. (BMF员工在日常生活中追求可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料来鼓励回收和减少浪费。BMF的一名员工表示：“我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。”)”可知，BMF员工具有强烈的环保意识。故选D。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“While farmer’s markets are a slid chice t reduce the jurney, Babyln Micr-Farm (BMF) shrtens it even mre. (虽然农贸市场是减少旅程的可靠选择，但巴比伦微型农场（BMF）甚至缩短了旅程)”、第三段“By cnnecting thrugh the Clud, BMF is remtely mnitred. Als, there is a cnvenient app that prvides grwing data in real time. Because the system is autmated, it significantly reduces the amunt f water needed t grw plants. Rather than watering rws f sil, the system prvides just the right amunt t each plant. (通过云连接，对BMF进行远程监控。此外，还有一个方便的应用程序可以实时提供不断增长的数据。由于该系统是自动化的，因此大大减少了种植植物所需的水量。该系统不是给一排排土壤浇水，而是为每株植物提供合适的水量)”以及最后一段“BMF emplyees live ut sustainability in their everyday lives. Abut half f them walk r bike t wrk. Inside the ffice, they encurage recycling and waste reductin by limiting garbage cans and aviding single-use plastic. “We are passinate abut reducing waste, carbn and chemicals in ur envirnment,” said a BMF emplyee. (BMF员工在日常生活中追求可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料来鼓励回收和减少浪费。BMF的一名员工表示：“我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。”)”可知，文章主要介绍了巴比伦微农场（BMF）的一些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等。故选A。
B
（2024新课标 = 2 \* ROMAN II卷）Given the astnishing ptential f AI t transfrm ur lives, we all need t take actin t deal with ur AI-pwered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan fr Living with Artificial Intelligence cmes in. This absrbing new bk by Catrina Campbell is a practical radmap addressing the challenges psed by the frthcming AI revlutin (变革).
In the wrng hands, such a bk culd prve as cmplicated t prcess as the cmputer cde (代码) that pwers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has mre than tw decades’ prfessinal experience translating the heady int the understandable. She writes frm the practical angle f a business persn rather than as an academic, making fr a guide which is highly accessible and infrmative and which, by the clse, will make yu feel almst as smart as AI.
As we sn cme t learn frm AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will becme mre capable, mving frm the current generatin f “narrw-AI” t Artificial General Intelligence. Frm there, Campbell says, will cme Artificial Dminant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set ut t raise awareness f AI and its future nw — several decades befre these develpments are expected t take place. She says it is essential that we keep cntrl f artificial intelligence, r risk being sidelined and perhaps even wrse.
Campbell’s pint is t wake up thse respnsible fr AI—the technlgy cmpanies and wrld leaders—s they are n the same page as all the experts currently develping it. She explains we are at a “tipping pint” in histry and must act nw t prevent an extinctin-level event fr humanity. We need t cnsider hw we want ur future with AI t pan ut. Such structured thinking, fllwed by glbal regulatin, will enable us t achieve greatness rather than ur dwnfall.
AI will affect us all, and if yu nly read ne bk n the subject, this is it.
5. What des the phrase “In the wrng hands” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. If read by smene prly educated.B. If reviewed by smene ill-intentined.
C. If written by smene less cmpetent.D. If translated by smene unacademic.
6. What is a feature f AI by Design accrding t the text?
A. It is packed with cmplex cdes.B. It adpts a dwn-t-earth writing style.
C. It prvides step-by-step instructins.D. It is intended fr AI prfessinals.
7. What des Campbell urge peple t d regarding AI develpment?
A. Observe existing regulatins n it.
B. Recnsider expert pinins abut it.
C. Make jint effrts t keep it under cntrl.
D. Learn frm prir experience t slw it dwn.
8. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A. T recmmend a bk n AI.B. T give a brief accunt f AI histry.
C. T clarify the definitin f AI.D. T hnr an utstanding AI expert.
【答案】5. C 6. B 7. C 8. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Catrina Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan fr Living with Artificial Intelligence一书。该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“such a bk culd prve as cmplicated t prcess as the cmputer cde (代码) that pwers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has mre than tw decades' prfessinal experience translating the heady int the understandable. She writes frm the practical angle f a business persn rather than as an academic, making fr a guide which is highly accessible and infrmative and which, by the clse, will make yu feel almst as smart as AI. (这样一本书可能会像驱动人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂，但值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明)”可知，坎贝尔撰写的这本书是通俗易懂的，如果别人写这本书的话可能就不是这样了，推测划线短语表示 “如果是由能力较差的人写的”。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“thankfully, Campbell has mre than tw decades’ prfessinal experience translating the heady int the understandable. She writes frm the practical angle f a business persn rather than as an academic, making fr a guide which is highly accessible and infrmative and which, by the clse, will make yu feel almst as smart as AI.(值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明)”可知，坎贝尔在书中将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容，这本书的特点是通俗易懂，推测它采用了接地气的写作风格。故选B项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“She says it is essential that we keep cntrl f artificial intelligence, r risk being sidelined and perhaps even wrse. (她说，我们必须保持对人工智能的控制，否则就有被边缘化甚至更糟的风险)”和文章倒数第二段“We need t cnsider hw we want ur future with AI t pan ut. Such structured thinking, fllwed by glbal regulatin, will enable us t achieve greatness rather than ur dwnfall. (我们需要考虑我们希望人工智能的未来如何发展。这种结构化的思维，加上全球监管，将使我们走向伟大，而不是走向衰败)”可知，坎贝尔敦促人们保持对人工智能的控制，考虑人工智能的未来应如何发展，所以关于人工智能的发展，坎贝尔敦促人们共同努力将其控制住。故选C项。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Given the astnishing ptential f AI t transfrm ur lives, we all need t take actin t deal with ur AI-pwered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan fr Living with Artificial Intelligence cmes in. This absrbing new bk by Catrina Campbell is a practical radmap addressing the challenges psed by the frthcming AI revlutin (变革). (考虑到人工智能改变我们生活的惊人潜力，我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能驱动的未来，这正是AI by Design: A Plan fr Living with Artificial Intelligence的用武之地。卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔撰写的这本引人入胜的新书是一本实用的路线图，旨在应对即将到来的人工智能革命带来的挑战)”和文章最后一段“AI will affect us all, and if yu nly read ne bk n the subject, this is it. (人工智能将影响我们所有人，如果你只读一本关于这个主题的书，那就是这本书)”可知，本文主要介绍了Catrina Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan fr Living with Artificial Intelligence一书，该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本关于人工智能的书。故选A项。
二、七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Overturism Is Fr Real: Hw Can Yu Help?
（2024新课标 = 2 \* ROMAN II卷）Travel prmtes understanding, expands ur minds, makes us better peple, and bsts lcal ecnmies and cmmunities, but the rapid grwth f travel has led t verturism in certain regins and destinatins. ___1___ Certainly nt. The lss f what travel ffers wuld be unacceptable in tday’s wrld. Here are sme tips n making wise decisins t minimize pressure n the places we visit and imprve ur experience.
●Chse mindfully. Overvisited destinatins are that way fr a reasn: they’re special. With s many nline psts featuring the same places, it’s easy t feel like yu’re missing ut. G smewhere nly when the landscape, culture r fd deeply draws yu. ___2___
●Get creative. The best way t ease pressure n ver-turisted destinatins is t g smewhere else. Thugh verturism is described as a prblem affecting the entire wrld, it’s actually cncentrated t a small number f extremely ppular spts. That means yu have tns f less-visited ptins t chse frm. ___3___ Why nt try a reginal alternative r check ut a ppular destinatin’s lesser-knwn sights?
●___4___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping majr hlidays r rush hur. Yu’ll cmpete with fewer turists, save mney, experience a different side f a ppular place, and bst the ecnmy when turism is traditinally slwer.
Visiting a place that thers call hme is a privilege (荣幸). D yur part t preserve what makes a destinatin special in the first place. ___5___ Yu may be amazed hw much clser yu’ll feel t the peple there.
A. Visit during ff-peak times.
B. S, shuld we stp traveling?
C. Travel fr yu and n ne else.
D. Can verturism be avided then?
E. Yu can still find relatively undiscvered places.
F. Yu’ll find yurself virtually alne, r clse t it.
G. Cnsider giving back t the cmmunities yu’re visiting.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. E 4. A 5. G
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了如何避免“过度旅游”的现象。
【1题详解】
前文“Travel prmtes understanding, expands ur minds, makes us better peple, and bsts lcal ecnmies and cmmunities, but the rapid grwth f travel has led t verturism in certain regins and destinatins.(旅游促进理解，扩展我们的思想，使我们成为更好的人，促进当地经济和社区，但旅游业的快速发展导致了某些地区和目的地的过度旅游)”表明旅游带来了一些问题，后文“The lss f what travel ffers wuld be unacceptable in tday’s wrld.(在当今世界，失去旅行所能提供的东西将是不可接受的)”表示不能失去旅行，结合后文“Certainly nt.(当然不)”可知，空处提问能否停止旅行，D选项“那么，我们应该停止旅行吗？”符合语境。故选B。
【2题详解】
前文“Overvisited destinatins are that way fr a reasn: they’re special. With s many nline psts featuring the same places, it’s easy t feel like yu’re missing ut. G smewhere nly when the landscape, culture r fd deeply draws yu.(游客过多的目的地是有原因的：它们很特别。网上有这么多关于同一个地方的帖子，很容易让你觉得你错过了。只有当风景、文化或食物深深吸引你时，才去某个地方)”表明不要跟风旅游，C选项“为你而不是其他人旅行”表明要关注自己在旅行时的感受，忠实自己的感受，不用管其余的建议，符合语境。故选C。
【3题详解】
前文“That means yu have tns f less-visited ptins t chse frm.(这意味着你有很多不太受欢迎的选择)及后文“Why nt try a reginal alternative r check ut a ppular destinatin’s lesser-knwn sights?( 为什么不尝试一个地区性的选择，或者看看一个热门目的地不太为人所知的景点呢)”提出建议，可以选择一些冷门的景点，E选项“你仍然可以找到相对未被发现的地方”符合语境。故选E。
【4题详解】
空处为小标题，根据后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping majr hlidays r rush hur.(通过跳过重大节假日或高峰时间来最小化影响并最大化体验)”表示旅游时要注意避开高峰期，选择合适的时间，A选项“在非高峰时间参观”概括本段内容。故选A。
【5题详解】
前文“D yur part t preserve what makes a destinatin special in the first place.(尽你的一份力，从一开始就保护一个目的地的特别之处)表明旅游时应保护旅游景点，后文“Yu may be amazed hw much clser yu’ll feel t the peple there.(你可能会惊讶地发现你和那里的人感觉如此亲近)”表示这样做的感受，G选项“考虑回馈你所访问的社区”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
（2024新课标 = 2 \* ROMAN II卷）Chinese cultural elements cmmemrating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___1___ is knwn as “the Shakespeare f Asia,” add an internatinal character t Stratfrd-upn-Avn, William Shakespeare’s hmetwn.
Tang and Shakespeare were cntempraries and bth died in 1616. Althugh they culd never have met, there are cmmn ___2___ (theme) in their wrks, said Paul Edmndsn, head f research fr the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Sme f the things that Tang was writing abut ___3___ (be) als Shakespeare’s cncerns. I happen t knw that Tang’s play The Peny Pavilin (《牡丹亭》) is similar in sme ways ___4___ Rme and Juliet.”
A statue cmmemrating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Tw years later, a six-meter-tall pavilin, ___5___ (inspire)by The Peny Pavilin, ___6___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk frm Shakespeare’s birthplace.
Thse cultural elements have increased Stratfrd’s internatinal ___7___ (visible), said Edmndsn, adding that visitrs walking thrugh the Birthplace Garden were ften amazed ___8___ (find)the cnnectin between the tw great writers.
___9___ (recall)watching a Chinese pera versin f Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actrs wh came t Stratfrd a few years ag t perfrm parts f The Peny Pavilin, Edmndsn said, “It was very exciting t hear the Chinese language ____10____ see hw Tang’s play was being perfrmed.”
【答案】1. wh 2. themes 3. were 4. t 5. inspired
6. was built 7. visibility 8. t find 9. Recalling 10. and
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国明代戏曲家汤显祖与英国戏剧家莎士比亚之间的联系和共同点，并展示了这种联系如何被纪念和展示在莎士比亚的故乡斯特拉特福德，且说明了这种联系对于提高斯特拉特福德国际知名度的重要性。
【1题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词wh引导。故填wh。
【2题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：莎士比亚故居信托基金会的研究主管Paul Edmndsn说，尽管他们从未见过面，但他们的作品中都有共同的主题。本句为“there be”句型，为倒装句，根据谓语动词“are”可判断，本句主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。
【3题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“sme f the things”，复数。故填were。
【4题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”固定短语：be similar t，意为“和……相似”，符合句意。故填t。
【5题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilin”和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填inspired。
【6题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Tw years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilin”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。
【7题详解】
考查名词。句意：Edmndsn说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词internatinal后接名词形式，visibility“知名度”为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Edmndsn说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原因状语，用动词不定式形式。故填t find。
【9题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmndsn说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”非谓语动词担当状语，主语“Edmndsn”和动词“recall”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式担当状语；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Recalling。
【10题详解】
考查连词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmndsn说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see hw Tang’s play was being perfrmed”为并列结构，用and连接。故填and。