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☛第一层 巩固提升练
考点一、动词ing形式作主语的概念和用法
考点二、动词ing形式作主语的句子结构与功能
考点三、动词ing形式作主语的注意事项
☛第二层 能力培优练
精选各地综合性练习题,帮助学生能力提升与培优
☛第三层 拓展突破练
最新高考真题操练相关知识点,助力学生取得更大突破
动词ing形式作主语的概念和用法
【知识积累·练前热身】
1. 动词 -ing 形式作主语表示的是一种抽象的、一般性的行为动作或概念。它可以用来描述一个活动、行为或者状态,在句子中起到名词的作用。
例如:
Running is a gd way t keep fit.(跑步是保持健康的好方法。)这里的 “Running”(跑步)是一个行为动作,作为主语,阐述了 “跑步” 和 “保持健康” 之间的关系。
Learning English requires a lt f patience.(学习英语需要很多耐心。)“Learning English”(学习英语)这个行为作为主语,表明了该行为所需的条件。
2. 同时,它也可以用于一些固定的表达结构中,像 “It's n use/gd ding sth.”(做某事是没有用 / 好处的)。
例如:It's n use crying ver spilt milk.(覆水难收,哭也没用。)其中 “crying ver spilt milk”(为洒了的牛奶哭泣)这个动词 -ing 形式的短语作主语,体现了这种表达结构的特点。
1.(选择题)_____ a new language is always an exciting adventure.
A. Learn B. Learns C. Learning D. Learned
答案:C
解析:“Learning a new language”(学习一门新语言)表示一种行为,作句子主语,动词作主语需用 -ing 形式,A 是动词原形,B 是动词第三人称单数形式,D 是动词过去式,均不能作主语,所以选 C。
2.(选择题)_____ in the muntains can make yu feel clser t nature.
A. Hike B. Hikes C. Hiked D. Hiking
答案:D
解析:“Hiking in the muntains”(在山中徒步旅行)表示一种行为活动,在句中充当主语,A 是动词原形,B 是动词第三人称单数形式,C 是动词过去式,都不能作主语,所以选 D。
3.(选择题)_____ the guitar well takes a lt f practice and dedicatin.
A. Play B. Plays C. Playing D. Played
答案:C
解析:“Playing the guitar well”(弹好吉他)表示一种行为,作主语,A 是动词原形,B 是动词第三人称单数形式,D 是动词过去式,都不能作主语,所以选 C。
4.(选择题)_____ with mdern technlgy helps us wrk mre efficiently.
A. Familiarize B. Familiarizing C. Familiarizes D. Familiarized
答案:B
解析:“Familiarizing with mdern technlgy”(熟悉现代技术)表示一种行为动作,在句中作主语,A 是动词原形,C 是动词第三人称单数形式,D 是动词过去式,都不能作主语,所以选 B。
5.(选择题)_____ a delicius meal fr the family is what she enjys.
A. Ck B. Cks C. Cking D. Cked
答案:C
解析:“Cking a delicius meal fr the family”(为家人烹饪一顿美味的饭菜)表示一种行为,作主语,A 是动词原形,B 是动词第三人称单数形式,D 是动词过去式,都不能作主语,所以选 C。
6.(填空题)_____ (write) petry allws peple t express their deepest emtins.
答案:Writing
解析:“Writing petry”(写诗)作为动词 -ing 形式,在句中充当主语,表示一种行为或活动,所以填 “Writing”。
7.(填空题)_____ (phtgraph) beautiful landscapes is his hbby.
答案:Phtgraphing
解析:“Phtgraphing beautiful landscapes”(拍摄美丽的风景)作主语,在句中表示一种行为,所以填 “Phtgraphing”,体现了动词 -ing 形式作主语表示一种行为的用法。
8.(填空题)_____ (explre) new places bradens ur hrizns.
答案:Explring
解析:“Explring new places”(探索新地方)作主语,在句中表示一种行为,所以填 “Explring”,展示了动词 -ing 形式作主语在句子中的功能。
9.(改错题)Drive a car withut a license is illegal.
_________________________________________________________________________________
答案:将 “Drive a car withut a license” 改为 “Driving a car withut a license”。
解析:原句中 “Drive a car withut a license” 是动词原形短语,不能作主语,改为 “Driving a car withut a license” 后,其作为动词 -ing 形式短语可在句中作主语,表示 “无证驾驶汽车” 这个行为动作,使句子结构正确。
10.(翻译题)观看体育比赛能带来很多乐趣。
_________________________________________________________________________________
答案:Watching sprts games can bring a lt f fun.
解析:“Watching sprts games”(观看体育比赛)是动词 -ing 形式作主语,表示一种行为,符合该语法点的用法,用来阐述观看体育比赛和带来乐趣之间的关系。
动词ing形式作主语的句子结构与功能
【知识积累·练前热身】
1. 结构方面:在句子中,动词 -ing 形式作主语通常位于句首,谓语动词一般用单数形式。例如:Writing diaries helps imprve writing skills.(写日记有助于提高写作技巧。)主语是 “Writing diaries”,谓语是 “helps”,这是一个典型的 “主语(动词 -ing 形式)+ 谓语(第三人称单数形式)+ 宾语 / 其他成分” 的句子结构。
2. 功能方面:它可以在句子中充当主语,使句子能够表达对某种行为或活动的评价、描述其后果或者说明其必要性等诸多功能。比如:Smking is harmful t health.(吸烟对健康有害。)此句通过动词 -ing 形式作主语,实现了对 “吸烟” 这个行为进行评价(有害健康)的功能。
1.(选择题)_____ the instructins carefully befre using the machine is crucial.
A. Read B. Reads C. Reading D. Readed
答案:C
解析:“Reading the instructins carefully befre using the machine”(在使用机器前仔细阅读说明书)这个动词 -ing 形式短语在句中作主语,A 是动词原形,B 是动词第三人称单数形式,D 是错误形式,都不能作主语,所以选 C,此句体现了 “动词 -ing 形式作主语 + 谓语(is)+ 表语(crucial)” 的句子结构。
2.(选择题)_____ with neighbrs can build a harmnius cmmunity.
A. Interact B. Interacts C. Interacting D. Interacted
答案:C
解析:“Interacting with neighbrs”(与邻居互动)作主语,表示一种行为,A 是动词原形,B 是错误形式,D 是动词过去式,都不符合作主语的要求,所以选 C,该句展示了 “动词 -ing 形式作主语 + 谓语(can build)+ 宾语(a harmnius cmmunity)” 的结构。
3.(选择题)_____ the news every day keeps us infrmed abut the wrld.
A. Watch B. Watches C. Watched D. Watching
答案:D
解析:“Watching the news every day”(每天看新闻)作主语,表示一种行为,A 是动词原形,B 是动词第三人称单数形式,C 是动词过去式,都不能作主语,所以选 D,此句体现了 “动词 -ing 形式作主语 + 谓语(keeps)+ 宾语(us)+ 宾语补足语(infrmed abut the wrld)” 的句子结构。
4.(选择题)_____ a prject frm start t finish gives a great sense f achievement.
A. Manage B. Manages C. Managing D. Managed
答案:C
解析:“Managing a prject frm start t finish”(从头到尾管理一个项目)作主语,A 是动词原形,B 是动词第三人称单数形式,D 是动词过去式,都不能作主语,所以选 C,该句展示了 “动词 -ing 形式作主语 + 谓语(gives)+ 宾语(a great sense f achievement)” 的结构。
5.(选择题)_____ in a chir can imprve ne's singing skills and teamwrk.
A. Sing B. Singing C. Sings D. Sang
答案:B
解析:“Singing in a chir”(在合唱团唱歌)作主语,表示一种行为,A 是动词原形,C 是动词第三人称单数形式,D 是动词过去式,都不能作主语,所以选 B,此句体现了 “动词 -ing 形式作主语 + 谓语(can imprve)+ 宾语(ne's singing skills and teamwrk)” 的句子结构。
6.(填空题)_____ (paint) murals n the wall can make the city mre beautiful.
答案:Painting
解析:“Painting murals n the wall”(在墙上绘制壁画)作主语,在句中表示一种行为,所以填 “Painting”,体现了动词 -ing 形式作主语在句子中的功能。
7.(填空题)_____ (rganize) events requires gd planning and crdinatin.
答案:Organizing
解析:“Organizing events”(组织活动)作主语,在句中表示一种行为,所以填 “Organizing”,展示了动词 -ing 形式作主语在句子中的功能。
8.(填空题)_____ (research) histrical events helps us understand the past better.
答案:Researching
解析:“Researching histrical events”(研究历史事件)作主语,在句中表示一种行为,所以填 “Researching”,体现了动词 -ing 形式作主语在句子中的功能。
9.(改错题)D husewrk regularly makes the huse clean and tidy.
_________________________________________________________________________________
答案:将 “D husewrk regularly” 改为 “Ding husewrk regularly”。
解析:原句中 “D husewrk regularly” 是动词原形短语,不能作主语,改为 “Ding husewrk regularly” 后,其作为动词 -ing 形式短语可在句中作主语,表示 “定期做家务” 这个行为动作,使句子结构正确。
10.(翻译题)参加志愿者活动能丰富我们的生活经验。
_________________________________________________________________________________
答案:Participating in vlunteer activities can enrich ur life experience.
解析:“Participating in vlunteer activities”(参加志愿者活动)是动词 -ing 形式作主语,表示一种行为,符合该语法点的用法,用来阐述参加志愿者活动和丰富生活经验之间的关系,同时体现了该语法点在句子结构与功能方面的运用。
动词ing形式作主语的注意事项
【知识积累·练前热身】
1. 区分动词 -ing 形式作主语和祈使句:祈使句是以动词原形开头,表达命令、请求等语气,而动词 -ing 形式作主语是在陈述一个行为或事情。例如:“Open the windw.” 是祈使句,命令对方打开窗户;而 “Opening the windw is necessary.”(打开窗户是必要的)中 “Opening the windw” 是动词 -ing 形式作主语,在阐述 “打开窗户” 这个行为的某种性质。
2. 其否定形式是在前面加 nt。如:Nt knwing the answer, he felt very embarrassed.(不知道答案,他感到很尴尬。)这里 “Nt knwing the answer” 是动词 -ing 形式作主语的否定形式,不能写成 “Dn't knwing the answer”。
3. 多个动词 -ing 形式并列作主语时:如果表示的是不同的概念或行为,谓语动词用复数;如果表示的是一个整体概念或行为,谓语动词用单数。例如:Swimming and running are bth gd frms f exercise.(游泳和跑步都是很好的锻炼方式。)这里 “Swimming” 和 “running” 是不同的运动,谓语用复数;而 “Ging t bed early and getting up early is a gd habit.”(早睡早起是个好习惯。)“Ging t bed early” 和 “getting up early” 被视为一个整体的习惯概念,谓语用单数。
4. 在一些固定句型中:如 “It is n use/gd ding sth.”(做某事是没有用 / 好处的),只能用动词 -ing 形式作主语,不能用动词不定式。例如:It is n gd cmplaining abut the weather.(抱怨天气是没有用的。)不能写成 “It is n gd t cmplain abut the weather.”
1.(选择题)_____ the nise utside, he culdn't cncentrate n his study.
A. Ignre B. Ignres C. Ignring D. Ignred
答案:C
解析:“Ignring the nise utside”(忽略外面的噪音)作主语,这里表示一种主动的行为,应用动词 -ing 形式,A 是动词原形,B 是动词第三人称单数形式,D 是动词过去式,所以选 C,同时要注意与祈使句区分,“Ignre the nise utside.” 是祈使句,而本题是陈述忽略噪音导致无法集中精力学习这个情况,是动词 -ing 形式作主语。
2.(选择题)_____ t much cffee can affect yur sleep.
A. Drink B. Drinks C. Drink D. Dranking
答案:D
解析:“Drinking t much cffee”(喝太多咖啡)作主语,根据语法规则,动词作主语要用 -ing 形式,A 是动词原形,B 是动词第三人称单数形式,C 是动词过去式,所以选 D,考查对动词 -ing 形式作主语基本概念的掌握。
3.(选择题)_____ abut the mistakes yu made is the first step t imprvement.
A. Reflect B. Reflects C. Reflecting D. Reflected
答案:C
解析:“Reflecting abut the mistakes yu made”(反思你所犯的错误)作主语,A 是动词原形,B 是动词第三人称单数形式,D 是动词过去式,都不能作主语,所以选 C,这里体现了动词 -ing 形式作主语表示一种行为动作,同时要注意与祈使句 “Reflect abut the mistakes yu made.” 的区别。
4.(选择题)_____ and ______ regularly is beneficial fr health.
A. Exercise, eat B. Exercising, eating C. T exercise, t eat D. Exercised, ate
答案:B
解析:“Exercising and eating regularly”(定期锻炼和饮食)表示两种并列的行为作主语,这里强调的是一个整体的健康生活方式概念,谓语动词 “is” 用单数,A 是动词原形,C 是动词不定式,D 是动词过去式,都不符合作主语要求,所以选 B,考查多个动词 -ing 形式并列作主语时谓语动词的用法以及与其他形式作主语的区别。
5.(选择题)_____ withut prper training can be dangerus.
A. Climb muntains B. Climbs muntains C. Climbing muntains D. Climbed muntains
答案:C
解析:“Climbing muntains withut prper training”(未经适当训练就爬山)作主语,A 是动词原形短语,B 是错误形式,D 是动词过去式短语,都不能作主语,所以选 C,这里体现了动词 -ing 形式作主语表示一种行为动作,同时要注意与祈使句 “Climb muntains withut prper training.” 的区别。
6.(选择题)_____ in the sun fr a lng time is harmful t yur skin.
A. Lying B. Lies C. Lie D. Lain
答案:A
解析:“Lying in the sun fr a lng time”(长时间躺在太阳下)作主语, B 是动词第三人称单数形式,C 是动词原形,D 是动词 lie 的过去分词形式,都不能作主语,所以选 A,这里体现了动词 -ing 形式作主语表示一种行为动作,同时要注意与祈使句 “Lie in the sun fr a lng time.” 的区别。
7.(选择题)_____ abut the lst pprtunity is n use. We shuld fcus n the present.
A. Regret B. Regrets C. Regretting D. Regretted
答案:C
解析:“Regretting abut the lst pprtunity”(后悔失去的机会)作主语,根据固定句型 “It is n use ding sth.”,这里应用动词 -ing 形式,A 是动词原形,B 是动词第三人称单数形式,D 是动词过去式,所以选 C,考查对固定句型中动词 -ing 形式作主语的掌握。
8.(选择题)_____ a speech in frnt f a large audience is a nerve-wracking experience.
A. Give B. Gives C. Giving D. Given
答案:C
解析:“Giving a speech in frnt f a large audience”(在众多观众面前演讲)表示一种行为,作主语,A 是动词原形,B 是动词第三人称单数形式,D 是动词过去式,都不能作主语,所以选 C,考查对动词 -ing 形式作主语概念和用法的掌握以及与其他形式作主语的区别。
9.(改错题)Nt listen t the teacher's advice, he made the same mistake again.
_________________________________________________________________________________
答案:将 “Nt listen” 改为 “Nt listening”。
解析:动词 -ing 形式作主语的否定形式是在前面加 nt,“Nt listening t the teacher's advice”(不听老师的建议)在句中作主语,原句中 “Nt listen” 错误。
10.(翻译题)他不喜欢购物,但旅行是他的最爱。
_________________________________________________________________________________
答案:He desn't like shpping, but traveling is his favrite.
解析:“shpping” 作 “like” 的宾语,“traveling” 作句子主语,这里体现了动词 -ing 形式作主语与作宾语的不同用法,同时注意句子结构的正确性,“traveling is his favrite” 展示了动词 -ing 形式作主语的句子结构。
一、单句语法填空
1.S far the well-knwn (jurnal) has accumulated mre than 4,000 interviews with famus peple. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】jurnalist
【详解】考查名词。句意:到目前为止,这位著名的记者已经积累了4000多次对名人的采访。此处需要名词jurnalist充当主语,表示的意思是“记者”,根据句意应使用单数形式。故填jurnalist。
2.Nixn’s (visit) China marked a new ear between U.S. and China diplmatic relatins.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】visiting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:尼克松访华标志着美中外交关系进入了新的一年。空前是名词所有格,空格后有China作宾语,所以空处应填动名词作主语。故填visiting。
3.The girl's (educate) in an atmsphere f simple living was what her parents wished fr.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】being educated
【详解】考查动名词。句意:这个女孩在简朴的生活环境中接受教育是她父母所希望的。结合语境,girl与educate是被动关系,用动名词被动形式作主语。The girl's being educated是动名词复合结构作主语,故填being educated。
4.The president’s (attend) the meeting himself gave them a great deal f encuragement. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】attending
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:总统亲自出席会议给了他们很大的鼓励。这里The president’s attending the meeting构成动名词复合结构作主语。根据句意,故填attending。
5.The children are playing n the (swing) in the park. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】swings
【详解】考查名词。句意:孩子们在公园里荡秋千。swing意为“秋千”,公园里有很多秋千,所以需要用复数。故填swings。
6. (accmpany) by cheerful music, we began t dance. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Accmpanied
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:伴随着欢快的音乐,我们开始跳舞。设空处用作句子的伴随状语,动词accmpany和主语we之间是逻辑上的被动关系,应使用过去分词,位于句首首字母大写。故填Accmpanied。
7. (expse) t great wrks f literature, in whatever frm, can encurage creativity. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Being expsed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:接触伟大的文学作品,无论何种形式,都能激发创造力。此处应为非谓语动词作主语,结合句意可知,此处描述的是经常性的动作,所以使用动名词形式,同时又是被动含义,所以使用动名词的被动形式being expsed,位于句首,being的首字母需大写。故填Being expsed。
8.Currently, abut 35,000 wrks (display) in ver 300 rms in the Luvre, and it wuld take a lifetime t see everything.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】are being displayed
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:目前,大约有35000件作品在卢浮宫的300多个房间里展出,要看完所有的作品需要一辈子的时间。空处作前句谓语,句子描述正在进行的动作,且display与主语abut 35,000 wrks之间是被动关系,应用现在进行时的被动语态,主语abut 35,000 wrks是复数,be动词使用are。故填are being displayed。
9.It’s a waste f time (spend) s much time chatting. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】spending
【详解】考查动名词。句意:花这么多时间聊天是浪费时间,此处为It’s a waste f time ding sth.结构,意为“做某事是浪费时间”,it为形式主语,为动名词为真正的主语,故填spending。
10.An even greener alternative recently (adpt) is using drnes t trace flashy patterns in the sky. The future f firewrks, like s much else, may be rbtic. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】adpted
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:最近采用的一种更环保的替代方案是使用无人机追踪天空中的闪光图案。像其他东西一样,烟花的未来可能是机械的。本句的谓语是is,所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语alternative和adpt之间是动宾关系,且recently表明动作已经发生,所以应用过去分词,作后置定语。故填adpted。
二、阅读理解
“Walt Disney Wrld is banning selfie-sticks frm its theme parks because selfie-sticks have becme a grwing safety cncern fr bth ur guests and cast,” Disney Wrld spkeswman Kim Prunty said.
Under a new plicy, which takes effect Tuesday, the ples wn’t make it past the bag check at any Disney Wrld theme park. The sticks als wn’t be allwed in Disney Wrld water parks r Disney Quest, a gaming attractin at Dwntwn Disney. Selfie-sticks will als becme frbidden at Disneyland Resrt in Califrnia n June 30. The prhibitin begins at Disney’s parks in Paris and Hng Kng n July 1st.
Guests will be checked fr the equipment during the rutine bag check that happens near the parks’ entrances. They will have an ptin f turning in their selfie-sticks fr pick-up later r t g back t their cars r htel rms t keep them. Visitrs will be tld f the plicy in lcatins such as the parking lts and at the resrt’s htels. The prhibitin will be added t the park rules pst n Disney Wrld’s website.
The issue has been building at Disney. Previusly, the sticks were prhibited frm its rides, and “n selfie-sticks” signs were at select rides, such as Big Thunder Muntain Railrad at Magic Kingdm. Cast members have given ral warnings t rule breakers.
Selfie-stick users put smartphnes and cameras n the ends f ples t extend their reach, frequently capturing theme-park mments thrugh self-prtraits. The tls have been banned in public places-including sme museums and stadiums — wrldwide fr bstructing views r causing safety issues.
Disney Wrld already prhibits items such as skatebards, inline skates, wagn, flding chairs and glass cntainers, accrding t its fficial website, which als lists “ther items that we determine may be harmful”.
Universal Orland has banned selfie-sticks and ther lse items frm certain thrill rides at Universal Studis and Islands f Adventure theme parks, but it has nt set parkwide bans.
1.Which f the fllwing bjects has already been banned in Disney Wrld befre the new plicy takes effect?
A.Smartphnes. B.Flding chairs. C.Cameras. D.Cntainers.
2.Accrding t the ban, if the guests are fund carrying selfie-sticks during the rutine bag check, they may .
A.abandn them at the bag check B.get fined and pick them up later
C.turn them in t the plice D.put them in the trunk f their cars
3.The underlined wrd in the fifth paragraph prbably means .
A.changing B.bradening C.blcking D.narrwing
【答案】1.B 2.D 3.C
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。这篇短文主要报道了迪士尼公司要求各大主题乐园禁用自拍杆的新闻。
1.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Disney Wrld already prhibits items such as skatebards, inline skates, wagn, flding chairs and glass cntainers”(迪士尼乐园已经禁止了滑板、直排轮溜冰鞋、马车、折叠椅和玻璃容器等物品)可知,在新政策生效前,折叠椅已被禁止进入迪士尼主题公园。故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“They will have an ptin f turning in their selfie-sticks fr pick-up later r t g back t their cars r htel rms t keep them.”(游客可以选择交出自拍杆,稍后再取,或者放回车里或者是房间里保存)所以根据这项禁令,可推知,如果客人被发现在例行的行李检查中携带自拍杆,可能会把它们放在汽车后备箱里。故选D。
3.词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The tls have been banned in public places — including sme museums and stadiums (这些工具已被禁止在公共场所使用,包括一些博物馆和体育场)”以及下文“views r causing safety issues (视野或引起安全问题)”可知,这些工具已经在世界范围内的公共场所被禁止使用,原因是它会造成安全问题或者阻碍视线。所以通过上下文语境可以判断出,与第划线的词最接近的是C项blcking“阻碍”。故选C。
三、完形填空
Ciudad Perdida, Clmbia’s “Lst City” is lder than Machu Picchu (马丘比丘古城). There are n trains r buses allwing f easy travels t reach its ruins. The chance f getting there is merely SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 1 n ft:a tiring hike lasting several days nnstp.
Despite this, I culdn’t SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 2 the pprtunity t visit Ciudad Perdida. Twelve ther hikers and I went there in SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 3 with a licensed guide. The dirt path, which SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 4 thrugh twering palms and dangling vines (藤蔓), prved SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 5 right frm the start. It’s suggested that hikers have gd physical SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 6 , as the jurney is difficult. Hrses helped t carry basic SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 7 like fd t the cttages where we wuld sleep. Alng the way we als met the SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 8 . They have been left undisturbed fr centuries and there’s a deep SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 9 between them and the land.
The next mrning, we were ff early t SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 10 the heat, but high temperatures and muscle pain had already SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 11 by the time we reached the final stage — 1, 200 stne steps t SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 12 . Finally, my eyes rested n the splendid scene that had SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 13 the hard jurney t Ciudad Perdida, after lifting my painful bdy up the lng flight f stairs. The beautiful site belw amazed me. While the return trip included SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 14 the mental barrier f having already achieved ur gal, the experience is the ne I wuld d again. It is the difficulty that makes the jurney a mre SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 15 ne. Earned views are always better.
SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT 1.A.dangerus B.impressive C.identical D.available
SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT 2.A.resist B.btain C.prmte D.emply
SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT 3.A.cmparisn B.cmbinatin C.cmpany D.cmmunicatin
SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT 4.A.buried B.swung C.wund D.leaked
SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT 5.A.disappinting B.embarrassing C.challenging D.amazing
SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT 6.A.character B.fitness C.independence D.cnfidence
SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT 7.A.equipment B.furniture C.pssessins D.supplies
SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT 8.A.natives B.visitrs C.guides D.drivers
SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT 9.A.cnflict B.distance C.bnd D.belief
SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT 10.A.reduce B.avid C.lwer D.detect
SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT 11.A.set in B.cut ff C.watched ut D.gave in
SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT 12.A.cver B.catch C.display D.explre
SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT 13.A.predicted B.cnvinced C.mtivated D.evaluated
SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT 14.A.vercming B.memrizing C.bserving D.witnessing
SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT 15.A.luxurius B.relevant C.flexible D.rewarding
【答案】
SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT 1.D SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT 2.A SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT 3.C SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT 4.C SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT 5.C SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT 6.B SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT 7.D SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT 8.A SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT 9.C SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT 10.B SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT 11.A SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT 12.A SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT 13.C SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT 14.A SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT 15.D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文,文章描述了作者和另外12名徒步旅行者在一位持牌导游的陪同下去Ciudad Perdida的经历。
SEQ d \* MERGEFORMAT 1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:到达那里的机会仅仅是步行:一个累人的徒步旅行持续几天不间断。A. dangerus危险的;B. impressive印象深刻的;C. identical完全相同的;D. available可到达的,可得到的。根据上文“There are n trains r buses allwing f easy travels t reach its ruins.(没有火车或公共汽车可以方便地到达它的废墟)”以及空后“n ft”可知,只有步行才能到达Ciudad Perdida,故选D。
SEQ d \* MERGEFORMAT 2.考查动词词义辨析。句意:尽管如此,我还是无法抗拒参观Ciudad Perdida的机会。A. resist抵挡,忍住;B. btain获得;C. prmte提升;D. emply雇用。根据下文“Twelve ther hikers and I went there”可知,虽然只有步行才能到达,作者还是无法抗拒参观Ciudad Perdida的机会,故选A。
SEQ d \* MERGEFORMAT 3.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我和另外12名徒步旅行者在一位持牌导游的陪同下去了那里。A. cmparisn比较;B. cmbinatin结合;C. cmpany陪伴;D. cmmunicatin交流。根据“a licensed guide”可知,作者和另外12名徒步旅行者在一名持牌导游的陪同下去Ciudad Perdida,故选C。
SEQ d \* MERGEFORMAT 4.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这条泥泞的小路蜿蜒在高耸的棕榈树和悬垂的藤蔓之间,从一开始就充满了挑战。A. buried埋葬;B. swung摇摆;C. wund蜿蜒,曲折;D. leaked泄漏。which指代先行词“The dirt path”,结合空后“thrugh twering palms and dangling vines(藤蔓)”可知,小路蜿蜒在高耸的棕榈树和悬垂的藤蔓之间,故选C。
SEQ d \* MERGEFORMAT 5.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. disappinting令人失望的;B. embarrassing令人尴尬的;C. challenging有挑战的;D. amazing令人惊奇的。根据上文“The dirt path, which ___4___ thrugh twering palms and dangling vines(藤蔓)”以及下文“as the jurney is difficult”可知,这段旅程一开始就充满挑战,故选C。
SEQ d \* MERGEFORMAT 6.考查名词词义辨析。句意:由于路途艰难,建议徒步旅行者有良好的身体素质。A. character性格;B. fitness健康;C. independence独立;D. cnfidence信心。根据“as the jurney is difficult”可知,由于路途艰难,建议徒步旅行者有良好的身体素质。故选B。
SEQ d \* MERGEFORMAT 7.考查名词词义辨析。句意:马帮忙把食物等基本生活用品运送到我们睡觉的小屋。A. equipment设备;B. furniture家具;C. pssessins财产;D. supplies储备,补给品。根据“like fd”可知,此处指生活用品,故选D。
SEQ d \* MERGEFORMAT 8.考查名词词义辨析。句意:一路上我们还遇到了当地人。A. natives当地人;B. visitrs游客;C. guides导游;D. drivers司机。根据“They have been left undisturbed fr centuries”可知,作者遇到了当地人,故选A。
SEQ d \* MERGEFORMAT 9.考查名词词义辨析。句意:几个世纪以来,他们一直没有受到打扰,他们与这片土地之间有着深厚的联系。A. cnflict冲突;B. distance距离;C. bnd纽带,联系;D. belief信念。根据“They have been left undisturbed fr centuries”和语境可知,当地人一直生活在这里,未受到外界打扰,和这片土地应是有深厚的感情,故选C。
SEQ d \* MERGEFORMAT 10.考查动词词义辨析。句意:第二天早上,为了避免高温,我们早早就出发了,但当我们到达最后一个阶段时,高温和肌肉疼痛已经开始了——我们要走1200个石头台阶。A. reduce减少;B. avid避免;C. lwer降低;D. detect发现,查明。根据“we were ff earl”以及“high temperatures”可知,作者早早出发是为了避免高温,故选B。
SEQ d \* MERGEFORMAT 11.考查动词短语辨析。句意:同上。A. set in(雨、恶劣天气等)到来,开始;B. cut ff切断;C. watched ut小心;D. gave in屈服。根据转折词but以及下文“by the time we reached the final stage — 1, 200 stne steps t ___12___.”可知,作者一行人为了避免高温早早出发,但是到最后高温和肌肉酸痛还是开始了,故选A。
SEQ d \* MERGEFORMAT 12.考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. cver行走(一段距离);B. catch抓住;C. display展示;D. explre探索。根据“1, 200 stne steps”可知,此处指走1200个石头台阶,故选A。
SEQ d \* MERGEFORMAT 13.考查动词词义辨析。句意:终于,我的目光落在了壮丽的景色上,我抬起痛苦的身体,爬上了长长的楼梯,这景色曾激励我艰难地来到Ciudad Perdida。A. predicted预测;B. cnvinced使信服;C. mtivated激励;D. evaluated评价。根据“after lifting my painful bdy up the lng flight f stairs”可知,美景激励着作者继续艰难的旅程,故选C。
SEQ d \* MERGEFORMAT 14.考查动词词义辨析。句意:虽然回程包括克服已经实现目标的心理障碍,但这次经历是我愿意再次经历的。A. vercming克服;B. memrizing记住;C. bserving观察;D. witnessing目击。根据“the mental barrier”可知,此处指克服心理障碍,故选A。
SEQ d \* MERGEFORMAT 15.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:正是困难让旅程变得更有意义。A. luxurius奢侈的;B. relevant相关的;C. flexible灵活的;D. rewarding值得的,有意义的。根据上文“the experience is the ne I wuld d again”以及下文“Earned views are always better.”可知,正是困难让旅程变得更有意义。故选D。
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cheng Yuyan never expected that the interest grup “We Lve Strlling in the Park”, SEQ e \* MERGEFORMAT 1 she casually created fur years ag n Duban, a Chinese scial media platfrm, wuld nw apprach 100,000 members.
Accrding t SEQ e \* MERGEFORMAT 2 25-year-ld frm Shanghai, establishing this grup was just a spur-f-the-mment decisin, SEQ e \* MERGEFORMAT 3 she didn’t invest much time in managing it afterwards. Hwever, park enthusiasts frm all ver China and even verseas have spntaneusly made SEQ e \* MERGEFORMAT 4 their gathering cmmunity. Peple share park experiences, pst phts SEQ e \* MERGEFORMAT 5 (take)in parks, and ffer recmmendatins and reviews abut parks.
Within this grup, there is a tag called”20 minutes fr parks”, which SEQ e \* MERGEFORMAT 6 (cme) frm a thery riginating frm the Internatinal Jurnal f Envirnmental Health Research. Accrding t the thery, SEQ e \* MERGEFORMAT 7 (spend)20 minutes in a park daily helps t reduce stress, regardless f SEQ e \* MERGEFORMAT 8 peple exercise in it r simply take a walk.
Huang Bingbing, living in Shenzhen, Guangdng prvince, is an enthusiastic SEQ e \* MERGEFORMAT 9 (supprt) f this idea. “On that patch f grass, I culd cnnect with living plants and animals, allwing me t refresh my mind and heal SEQ e \* MERGEFORMAT 10 the stresses f the wrkplace,” Huang said.
【答案】
SEQ f \* MERGEFORMAT 1.which SEQ f \* MERGEFORMAT 2.the SEQ f \* MERGEFORMAT 3.and SEQ f \* MERGEFORMAT 4.it SEQ f \* MERGEFORMAT 5.taken SEQ f \* MERGEFORMAT 6.cmes SEQ f \* MERGEFORMAT 7.spending SEQ f \* MERGEFORMAT 8.whether SEQ f \* MERGEFORMAT 9.supprter SEQ f \* MERGEFORMAT 10.frm
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道,主要讲述了承雨嫣在豆瓣上创建的兴趣小组“我们爱公园漫步”意外地吸引了10万会员,这个小组成为了公园爱好者们的聚集地,人们在这里分享公园的体验,发布公园的照片,提供公园的推荐和评论。
SEQ g \* MERGEFORMAT 1.考查定语从句。句意:4年前,承雨嫣万万没想到她无意中在中国社交媒体平台豆瓣上创建了一个兴趣小组“我们爱逛公园”,现在已经有了10万名成员。修饰grup,在从句中作created的宾语,引导非限制性定语从句,用关系代词which。故填which。
SEQ g \* MERGEFORMAT 2.考查冠词。句意:据这位来自上海的25岁女孩说,创建这个小组只是一个偶然的决定,之后她并没有在里面花太多时间。此处特指上文提到的“Cheng Yuyan”,用定冠词修饰,故填the。
SEQ g \* MERGEFORMAT 3.考查连词。句意:据这位来自上海的25岁女孩说,创建这个小组只是一个偶然的决定,之后她并没有在里面花太多时间。前后文是并列关系,用连词and连接。故填and。
SEQ g \* MERGEFORMAT 4.考查代词。句意:然而,来自全国甚至海外的公园爱好者自愿将其作为他们的聚集地。根据上下文可知,此处指代把这个兴趣小组作为一个聚集地。用代词it作宾语,故填it。
SEQ g \* MERGEFORMAT 5.考查非谓语动词。句意:人们分享公园的经历,张贴在公园里拍摄的照片,并提供关于公园的建议和评论。take作定语,修饰phts,二者之间是被动关系,用过去分词形式,故填taken。
SEQ g \* MERGEFORMAT 6.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在这一群体中,有一种说法叫做“公园20分钟”,它来自《国际环境健康研究杂志》的一个理论。cme作which引导的定语从句的谓语动词,描述现在的事实用一般现在时,which指代tag,是单数,谓语动词用单数。故填cmes。
SEQ g \* MERGEFORMAT 7.考查非谓语动词。句意:根据这一理论,无论人们是在公园里锻炼还是只是散步,每天在公园里呆20分钟都有助于减轻压力。spend作主语,用动名词形式,故填spending。
SEQ g \* MERGEFORMAT 8.考查从属连词。句意:根据这一理论,无论人们是在公园里锻炼还是只是散步,每天在公园里呆20分钟都有助于减轻压力。介词f后接宾语从句,whether…r…“无论是……还是……”,符合语境。故填whether。
SEQ g \* MERGEFORMAT 9.考查名词。句意:黄兵兵,现居广东深圳,是这个理论的支持者。不定冠词an修饰可数名词单数,作表语。故填supprter。
SEQ g \* MERGEFORMAT 10.考查介词。句意:黄说:“在草坪上,我能感到和动植物联结,让我感觉头脑清醒,从工作压力中恢复过来。”heal frm“从……康复、恢复”,固定短语。故填frm。
一、阅读理解
(2022·全国·高考真题)In 1916, tw girls f wealthy families, best friends frm Auburn, N. Y. — Drthy Wdruff and Rsamnd Underwd — traveled t a settlement in the Rcky Muntains t teach in a ne-rm schlhuse. The girls had gne t Smith Cllege. They wre expensive clthes. S fr them t mve t Elkhead, Cl. t instruct the children whse shes were held tgether with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject f Nthing Daunted: The Unexpected Educatin f Tw Sciety Girls in the West by Drthy Wickenden, wh is a magazine editr and Drthy Wdruff’s granddaughter.
Why did they g then? Well, they wanted t d smething useful. Sn, hwever, they realized what they had undertaken.
They mved in with a lcal family, the Harrisns, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket f snw n their quilt when they wke up in the mrning. Sme mrnings, Rsamnd and Drthy wuld arrive at the schlhuse t find the children weeping frm the cld. In spring, the snw was replaced by mud ver ice.
In Wickenden’s bk, she expanded n the histry f the West and als n feminism, which f curse influenced the girls’ decisin t g t Elkhead. A hair-raising sectin cncerns the building f the railrads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling thrugh the Rckies, ften in blinding snwstrms. The bk ends with Rsamnd and Drthy’s return t Auburn.
Wickenden is a very gd stryteller. The sweep f the land and the sticism (坚忍) f the peple mve her t sme beautiful writing. Here is a picture f Drthy Wdruff, n her hrse, lking dwn frm a hill tp: “When the sun slipped behind the muntains, it shed a rsy glw all arund them. Then a full mn rse. The snw was marked nly by small animals: fxes, cytes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
1.Why did Drthy and Rsamnd g t the Rcky Muntains?
A.T teach in a schl. B.T study American histry.
C.T write a bk. D.T d sightseeing.
2.What can we learn abut the girls frm paragraph 3?
A.They enjyed much respect. B.They had a rm with a bathtub.
C.They lived with the lcal kids. D.They suffered severe hardships.
3.Which part f Wickenden’s writing is hair-raising?
A.The extreme climate f Auburn. B.The living cnditins in Elkhead.
C.The railrad building in the Rckies. D.The natural beauty f the West.
4.What is the text?
A.A news reprt. B.A bk review. C.A children’s stry. D.A diary entry.
【答案】1.A 2.D 3.C 4.B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章是一则书评,简要介绍了Drthy Wickenden的书籍并对其进行了评价。
1.细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1916, tw girls f wealthy families, best friends frm Auburn, Wdruff and Rsamnd Underwd -traveled t a settlement in the Rcky Muntains t teach in a ne-rm schlhuse. (1916年,来自纽约奥本市的两个富裕家庭的女孩——Drthy Wdruff和Rsamnd Underwd——来到落基山脉的一个定居点,在一间只有一个房间的学校教书)”可知,Drthy和Rsamnd去落基山脉是为了去学校里教书。故选A项。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段“They mved in with a lcal family, the Harrisns, and like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket f snw n their quilt when they wke up in the mrning.(他们和一个当地家庭,哈里森一家一起搬进去,和他们一样,几乎没有隐私,很少洗澡,早上醒来时被子上覆盖着一层雪)”以及“In spring, the snw was replaced by mud ver ice.(在春天,雪被泥替代覆盖在冰上)”可推知,女孩们的生活条件非常艰苦,她们的生活饱受磨难。故选D项。
3.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“A hair-raising sectin cncerns the building f the railrads, which entailed drilling thrugh the Rckies, ften in blinding snwstrms.(令人毛骨悚然的一段与铁路建设有关,这涉及到在令人眩目的暴风雪中钻穿落基山脉)”可知,Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设这一部分是令人毛骨悚然的。故选C项。
4.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The bk ends with Rsamnd and Drthy’s return t Auburn.(这本书以Rsamnd和Drthy回到奥本结束)”以及最后一段“Wickenden is a very gd stryteller. The sweep f the land and the sticism f the peple mve her t sme beautiful writing.( Wickenden是个很好的讲故事的人。大地的辽阔和人们的坚忍使她创作出了一些美丽的作品)”可知,本文简要介绍了Wickenden的书籍内容,并对其进行了评价,所以文本是一篇书评。故选B项。
【点睛】
二、完形填空
(2023·全国·高考真题)Many years ag, I bught a huse in the Garfagnana, where we still g every summer. The first time we SEQ i \* MERGEFORMAT 1 there, we heard the chug chug-chug f a mtrbike SEQ i \* MERGEFORMAT 2 its way dwn the hill tward us. It was SEQ i \* MERGEFORMAT 3 called Mari, cming t SEQ i \* MERGEFORMAT 4 us a bx cntaining sme tmates and a bttle f wine. It was a very nice SEQ i \* MERGEFORMAT 5 fr him t make. But when we lked at the tmates, we were SEQ i \* MERGEFORMAT 6 because they were s misshapen: nt at all like the nice, rund, SEQ i \* MERGEFORMAT 7 things yu get in a supermarket. And the wine was cludy, in a funny ld bttle with n label (标签) n it. These can’t be any SEQ i \* MERGEFORMAT 8 , we thught. But we were SEQ i \* MERGEFORMAT 9 his kindness, s we SEQ i \* MERGEFORMAT 10 them.
What we discvered is that it’s SEQ i \* MERGEFORMAT 11 t judge what yu eat nly by its SEQ i \* MERGEFORMAT 12 . Thse tmates had SEQ i \* MERGEFORMAT 13 that reminded me f the nes my uncle used t grw when I was a child. Nwadays supermarket tmates SEQ i \* MERGEFORMAT 14 perfect but taste f water. Nbdy’s ging t have a SEQ i \* MERGEFORMAT 15 memry f thse. It’s a surprise they haven’t managed t grw square nes s that they can SEQ i \* MERGEFORMAT 16 them easily. Mari’s wine may have been cludy and cme ut f an ld bttle, but it was SEQ i \* MERGEFORMAT 17 .
It’s gd t eat things at the crrect time, when they’re SEQ i \* MERGEFORMAT 18 , and as clse as pssible t where they were SEQ i \* MERGEFORMAT 19 . What Mari had SEQ i \* MERGEFORMAT 20 us was the taste f the Garfagnana.
SEQ j \* MERGEFORMAT 1.A.waited B.met C.camped D.stayed
SEQ j \* MERGEFORMAT 2.A.making B.searching C.squeezing D.feeling
SEQ j \* MERGEFORMAT 3.A.custmer B.neighbr C.relative D.passenger
SEQ j \* MERGEFORMAT 4.A.lend B.send C.bring D.shw
SEQ j \* MERGEFORMAT 5.A.chice B.cmment C.prmise D.gesture
SEQ j \* MERGEFORMAT 6.A.wrried B.mved C.thrilled D.bred
SEQ j \* MERGEFORMAT 7.A.simple B.real C.shiny D.fun
SEQ j \* MERGEFORMAT 8.A.mre B.gd C.new D.easy
SEQ j \* MERGEFORMAT 9.A.sympathetic t B.thankful fr C.cautius abut D.interested in
SEQ j \* MERGEFORMAT 10.A.tried B.sld C.returned D.mixed
SEQ j \* MERGEFORMAT 11.A.unnecessary B.uncertain C.unwise D.unusual
SEQ j \* MERGEFORMAT 12.A.appearance B.quality C.rigin D.price
SEQ j \* MERGEFORMAT 13.A.size B.shape C.clr D.taste
SEQ j \* MERGEFORMAT 14.A.smell B.lk C.becme D.wrk
SEQ j \* MERGEFORMAT 15.A.happy B.vivid C.shrt D.vague
SEQ j \* MERGEFORMAT 16.A.clean B.check C.cunt D.pack
SEQ j \* MERGEFORMAT 17.A.perfect B.useful C.cnvenient D.familiar
SEQ j \* MERGEFORMAT 18.A.n view B.n sale C.in seasn D.in need
SEQ j \* MERGEFORMAT 19.A.finished B.stred C.fund D.grwn
SEQ j \* MERGEFORMAT 20.A.cked B.given C.bught D.tld
【答案】
SEQ k \* MERGEFORMAT 1.D SEQ k \* MERGEFORMAT 2.A SEQ k \* MERGEFORMAT 3.B SEQ k \* MERGEFORMAT 4.C SEQ k \* MERGEFORMAT 5.D SEQ k \* MERGEFORMAT 6.A SEQ k \* MERGEFORMAT 7.C SEQ k \* MERGEFORMAT 8.B SEQ k \* MERGEFORMAT 9.B SEQ k \* MERGEFORMAT 10.A SEQ k \* MERGEFORMAT 11.C SEQ k \* MERGEFORMAT 12.A SEQ k \* MERGEFORMAT 13.D SEQ k \* MERGEFORMAT 14.B SEQ k \* MERGEFORMAT 15.A SEQ k \* MERGEFORMAT 16.D SEQ k \* MERGEFORMAT 17.A SEQ k \* MERGEFORMAT 18.C SEQ k \* MERGEFORMAT 19.D SEQ k \* MERGEFORMAT 20.B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的邻居马里奥给作者一家送了一个盒子,盒子里是自己种的西红柿和酿的酒,刚开始作者一家因为西红柿畸形的外表,和酒的浑浊感到不是很好,但是尝试过后,发现比超市的好,让作者明白仅仅以外表来判断食物是否好吃是不明智的。
SEQ h \* MERGEFORMAT 1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们第一次住在那里的时候,我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A. waited等待;B. met遇见;C. camped露营;D. stayed暂住。根据前文“Many years ag, I bught a huse in the Garfagnana, where we still g every summer.”可知,作者在当地买了房子,所以是第一次住在那里。故选D项。
SEQ h \* MERGEFORMAT 2.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们第一次住在那里的时候,我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A. making使;让;B. searching搜索;C. squeezing挤压;D. feeling感觉。根据后文“cming t 4 us a bx cntaining sme trmates and a bttle f wine.”可知,摩托车是开过来给我们送东西的,所以make ne’s way复合语境,为固定搭配,意为“前往”。故选A项。
SEQ h \* MERGEFORMAT 3.考查名词词义辨析。句意:那是邻居马里奥,他给我们带来了一个盒子,里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A. custmer顾客;B. neighbr邻居;C. relative亲戚;D. passenger乘客。根据前文“we heard the chug chug-chug f a mtrbike 2 its way dwn the hill tward us.”以及最后一句“What Mari had 20 us was the taste f the Garfagnana”可知,马里奥是从山上下来的,送来了当地的食物,可推测是作者的邻居。故选B项。
SEQ h \* MERGEFORMAT 4.考查动词词义辨析。句意:那是邻居马里奥,他给我们带来了一个盒子,里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A. lend借出;B. send发送;C. bring带来;D. shw展示。根据后文“It was a very nice 5 fr him t make.”可知,马里奥很友好,所以是给作者一家带来一个盒子。故选C项。
SEQ h \* MERGEFORMAT 5.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他这么做真是太好了。A. chice选择;B. cmment议论;C. prmise诺言;D. gesture姿态。根据前文“cming t 4 us a bx cntaining sme tmates and a bttle f wine.”可知,马里奥给作者一家带来一盒子的西红柿和酒,所以是好的姿态。故选D项。
SEQ h \* MERGEFORMAT 6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但当我们看着那些西红柿时,我们是担心的,因为它们是非常畸形的:一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的样子。A. wrried担心的;B. mved感动的;C. thrilled兴奋的;D. bred感到厌倦的。根据后文“because they were s misshapen”可知,西红柿是畸形的,所以作者一家很担心是否能吃。故选A项。
SEQ h \* MERGEFORMAT 7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但当我们看着那些西红柿时,我们是担心的,因为它们是非常畸形的:一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的样子。A. simple简单的;B. real真实的;C. shiny闪亮的;D. fun有趣的。根据前文“nt at all like the nice, rund”可知,空处是在形容超市里的西红柿,和前文的“nice, rund”并列,结合选项,应是“shiny闪亮的”符合实际。故选C项。
SEQ h \* MERGEFORMAT 8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们想,这些肯定不好。A. mre更多的;B. gd好的;C. new新的;D. easy容易的。根据前文“But when we lked at the tmates, we were 6 because they were s misshapen: nt at all like the nice, rund, 7 things yu get in a supermarket. And the wine was cludy, in a funny ld bttle with n label (标签) n it.”可知,马里奥带来的西红柿和酒都不好,因此作者一家认为这些都不可能好。故选B项。
SEQ h \* MERGEFORMAT 9.考查形容词短语辨析。句意:但我们很感谢他的好意,所以我们试了试。A. sympathetic t同情;B. thankful fr对……表示感谢;C. cautius abut谨慎对待;D. interested in对……感兴趣。根据前文“It was 3 called Mari, cming t 4 us a bx cntaining sme tmates and a bttle f wine.”可知,西红柿和酒是邻居送的,所以应该是很感谢他。故选B项。
SEQ h \* MERGEFORMAT 10.考查动词词义辨析。句意:但我们很感谢他的好意,所以我们试了试。A. tried尝试;B. sld出售;C. returned回来;D. mixed混合。根据后文“Thse tmates had 13 that reminded me f the nes my uncle used t grw when I was a child.”可知,马里奥送的西红柿让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿,所以推知,他们是尝试了。故选A项。
SEQ h \* MERGEFORMAT 11.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们发现,仅仅以外表来判断你吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A. unnecessary不需要的;B. uncertain无把握;C. unwise不明智的;D. unusual特别的。结合前后文,可知,作者一家刚开始看到马里奥送的西红柿是畸形的,对其感到担心,但是后来发现,它的味道,比超市的西红柿要好,所以此处应是根据外观来判断你吃的东西是不明智的。故选C项。
SEQ h \* MERGEFORMAT 12.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们发现,仅仅以外表来判断你的吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A. appearance外观;B. quality质量;C. rigin源头;D. price价格。根据前文“we were 6 because they were s misshapen”可知,此处应是通过外观来评判。故选A项。
SEQ h \* MERGEFORMAT 13.考查名词词义辨析。句意:那些西红柿的味道让我想起了我小时候叔叔种的西红柿。A. size尺寸;B. shape形状;C. clr颜色;D. taste味道。根据后文“Nwadays supermarket tmates 14 perfect but taste f water.”可知,此处应是用马里奥送的西红柿和超市的西红柿作对比,马里奥送的西红柿外观差,但是味道好,让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿。故选D项。
SEQ h \* MERGEFORMAT 14.考查动词词义辨析。句意:现在超市里的西红柿看起来很好,但味道像水。A. smell闻起来;B. lk看起来;C. becme变成;D. wrk工作。根据前文“nt at all like the nice, rund, 7 things yu get in a supermarket.”可知,超市的西红柿看起来很完美。故选B项。
SEQ h \* MERGEFORMAT 15.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:没有人会对那些有快乐的记忆。A. happy快乐的;B. vivid清晰的;C. shrt短的;D. vague模糊的。根据前文“Nwadays supermarket tmates 14 perfect but taste f water.”可知,超市的西红柿,看起来很好,但是吃起来像水,因此没有将会有快乐的记忆。故选A项。
SEQ h \* MERGEFORMAT 16.考查动词词义辨析。句意:令人惊讶的是,他们没有设法种植方形的,这样他们就可以方便地包装它们。A. clean打扫;B. check检查;C. cunt计数;D. pack打包。根据前文“It’s a surprise they haven’t managed t grw square nes”结合实际,可知方形的易包装。故选D项。
SEQ h \* MERGEFORMAT 17.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:马里奥的酒可能是混浊的,而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的,但它是完美的。A. perfect完美的;B. useful有用的;C. cnvenient便利的;D. familiar熟悉的。根据前文“Mari’s wine may have been cludy and cme ut f an ld bttle”以及空前的but可知,此处表转折,结合选项,此处应是“马里奥的酒可能是混浊的,而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的,但它是完美的”之意,符合实际。故选A项。
SEQ h \* MERGEFORMAT 18.考查介词短语辨析。句意:在合适的时间,当它们是应季的时候,并且尽可能靠近它们生长的地方,吃东西是好的。A. n view在展出;B. n sale出售;C. in seasn当令的;D. in need困难中的。根据前文“It’s gd t eat things at the crrect time”可知,在合适的时间,也就是食物应季,当令的时候吃该食物口感是最好的。故选C项。
SEQ h \* MERGEFORMAT 19.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在合适的时间,当它们是应季的时候,尽可能靠近它们生长的地方,吃东西是好的。A. finished完成;B. stred贮存;C. fund找到;D. grwn成长。根据前文“It’s gd t eat things”以及“as clse as pssible t where”可知,此处在讲在合适的时间吃东西是好的,根据where推断涉及地点,结合实际,应是在靠近它们生长的地方,摘下来吃,能保持新鲜,是好的,符合题意。故选D项。
SEQ h \* MERGEFORMAT 20.考查动词词义辨析。句意:马里奥给我们的是Garfagnana的味道。A. cked烹饪;B. given给;C. bught买;D. tld告诉。根据前文“It was 3 called Mari, cming t 4 us a bx cntaining sme trmates and a bttle f wine.”可知,应该是马里奥给作者一家的。故选B项。
【点睛】
三、语法填空
(2024·新课标I卷·高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Heatherwick Studi recently built a greenhuse at the edge f the Natinal Trust’s Wlbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshuse, is at the centre f a new garden that shws hw the Silk Rad influences English gardens even in mdern times.
The latest SEQ l \* MERGEFORMAT 1 (engineer) techniques are applied t create this prtective SEQ l \* MERGEFORMAT 2 (functin) structure that is als beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made f glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals pen n warm days SEQ l \* MERGEFORMAT 3 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cld weather, the structure stays SEQ l \* MERGEFORMAT 4 (clse) t prtect the plants.
Further, the Silk Rute Garden arund the greenhuse SEQ l \* MERGEFORMAT 5 (walk) visitrs thrugh a jurney influenced by the ancient Silk Rad, by which silk as well as many plant species came t Britain fr SEQ l \* MERGEFORMAT 6 first time. These plants included mdern Western SEQ l \* MERGEFORMAT 7 (favurite) such as rsemary, lavender and fennel. The garden als cntains a winding path that guides visitrs thrugh the twelve regins f the Silk Rad. The path ffers ver 300 plant species fr visitrs t see, t.
The Glasshuse stands SEQ l \* MERGEFORMAT 8 a great achievement in cntemprary design, t huse the plants f the suthwestern part f China at the end f a path retracing (追溯) the steps alng the Silk Rute SEQ l \* MERGEFORMAT 9 brught the plants frm their native habitat in Asia t cme t define much f the SEQ l \* MERGEFORMAT 10 (rich) f gardening in England.
【答案】
SEQ m \* MERGEFORMAT 1.engineering SEQ m \* MERGEFORMAT 2.functinal SEQ m \* MERGEFORMAT 3.t give SEQ m \* MERGEFORMAT 4.clsed SEQ m \* MERGEFORMAT 5.walks SEQ m \* MERGEFORMAT 6.the SEQ m \* MERGEFORMAT 7.favrites SEQ m \* MERGEFORMAT 8.as SEQ m \* MERGEFORMAT 9.which/that SEQ m \* MERGEFORMAT 10.richness
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室,并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之路的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。
SEQ n \* MERGEFORMAT 1.考查名词。句意:最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知,空处考查短语engineering techniques,意为“工程技术”,符合句意。故填engineering。
SEQ n \* MERGEFORMAT 2.考查形容词。句意:最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure,应用形容词作定语functinal,符合题意。故填functinal。
SEQ n \* MERGEFORMAT 3.考查非谓语动词。句意:温室在温暖的日子里开放,利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。此处作目的状语,应用动词不定式。故填t give。
SEQ n \* MERGEFORMAT 4.考查形容词。句意:然后在寒冷的天气里,这个结构保持关闭,以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语,应用形容词clsed,表示“紧闭的”,符合题意。故填clsed。
SEQ n \* MERGEFORMAT 5.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:此外,围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. thrugh,意为“带领某人穿过……”,空处为本句谓语动词,根据上文可知,本句时态为一般现在时,主语the Silk Rute Garden为单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。
SEQ n \* MERGEFORMAT 6.考查冠词。句意:亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配:fr the first time,意为“第一次”,符合句意。故填the。
SEQ n \* MERGEFORMAT 7.考查名词的数。句意:这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favrite是可数名词,意为“特别受喜爱的东西”,根据空后such as rsemary, lavender and fennel可知,空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favrites。
SEQ n \* MERGEFORMAT 8.考查介词。句意:这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作,位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头,将中国西南的植物容纳其中,将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰,定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。根据句意可知,空处指的是“作为”,应用介词as。故填as。
SEQ n \* MERGEFORMAT 9.考查定语从句。句意:这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作,位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头,将中国西南的植物容纳其中,将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰,定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词design,先行词指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。
SEQ n \* MERGEFORMAT 10.考查名词。句意:这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作,位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头,将中国西南的植物容纳其中,将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰,定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。冠词修饰名词,应用名词形式richness,作介词f的宾语。故填richness。
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