【03-暑假培优练】专题01 阅读理解暑假提升练 (学生版)-2025年新高二英语暑假衔接讲练 (译林版)

这是一份【03-暑假培优练】专题01 阅读理解暑假提升练 (学生版)-2025年新高二英语暑假衔接讲练 (译林版)，共23页。试卷主要包含了特殊疑问句形式， 以是非题的形式， 以填空题的形式，如， 就文中数字、排序、识图等提问等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考点聚焦：核心考点+高考考点，有的放矢
重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺
难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升
复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破
核心考点聚焦
考点一
细节理解题
细节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。它们大都是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些则需要我们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。
常见的命题方式通常有：
1.特殊疑问句形式。以when, where, what, which, wh, hw much/many等疑问词开头引出的问题；
2. 以是非题的形式。true /false, nt true / false或EXCEPT，近年这种题型较少；
3. 以Accrding t… 开头提问方式；
4. 以填空题的形式，如：
(1)T avid attracting muntain lins, peple are advised________.
(2)By the first sentence f the passage authr means that________.
(3)It seems that nw a cuntry’s ecnmy depends much n________.
(4)If yu are interested in knwing abut what peple’s life will be, yu may visit________.
(5)The plicemen were tld “t lk the ther way” (the underlined part in Paragraph 2) s that________ .
(6)The pliceman wh said “Gd evening” t Rlls wanted t________.
5. 就文中数字、排序、识图等提问。
做细节理解题时，大多数学生易出现的问题是阅读速度太慢，缺乏一定的快速阅读技巧，考生要培养自己快速获取信息的能力。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而常常可采取 “带着问题找答案”的方法.先从问题中抓住关键性词语。然后以此为线索。要快速地辨认和记忆事实或细节，就要恰当地运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句.仔细品味，对照比较.确定答案。除了运用扫读法(scanning)外，还可以兼用排除法.将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项排除。
了解细节题干扰选项的特点也有助于考生提高答题的正确率。一般情况下，干扰项有如下几个特点：(1)是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容；(2)符合常识，但不是文章内容；(3)与原文的内容极其相似，只是在程度上有些变动；(4)在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反；(5)部分正确，部分错误。
有的细节理解题只要直接辨认不要求读者对客观的事实作出解释或判断，只要求从阅读材料中直接获取信息。同时还要求读者记住重要细节，在必要的时候(做判断、推断或结论的时候)能够准确而迅速地将他们回忆起来。解此类题要求考生快速抓住原文中的关键信息，直接得出答案，但要注意往往答案与原文中的语句并非一模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型结构表达相同的意思。有的细节理解题就需要通过有关词语和句子的转换。利用主要事实、图表、图形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系将零碎的细节经过一系列加工、整理，方能做出正确的判断。此类试题在高考中占大多数。
考点二
词义猜测题
值得一提的是，有时原文中的信息可能只是一个短语，甚至一个单词，因此需要我们在阅读中特别仔细才能捕捉到真正有用的信息。
在英语阅读理解中的生词障碍往往会成为学生理解的“绊脚石”，这些“绊脚石”的出现大致分五类：
1.旧词新义，考查词汇表中未出现的词义；如：Nearby is the Indianaplis race curse, where the natin’s mst famus car race is held each year n May 30th.我们学过 curse的意思是“过程，课程”等，在此显然不符句意。根据上下文 curse是汽车赛举行的地方，可推断 curse在该句是“车道”或“跑道”的意思。
2.合成词、转化词与派生词，如shplifting，heartbrken，cmputer-literate，decisin-thinking，imperfect等；
3.“灵活”的常用词增多，这些词必须根据具体的上下文语境才能正确理解；
4.“新鲜”的外国人名、地名、专有名称增多，这些词有些带有一定的文化背景。
5.超纲生词。
有的学生在阅读训练和测试中存在着“生词恐惧心理”，一遇到生词就有读不下去的感觉。那么阅读理解时遇到大量生词该怎么办? 查词典当然是排除词义障碍的一种方法，当然这只有在平常的阅读训练中才可以使用。但是，频繁的查阅词典既影响阅读速度，又容易破坏学生阅读的思路和兴趣。况且，一词多义是英语词汇的主要特点，词典不一定能为学生提供单词在特定的上下文中的具体或确切的含义。平时的练习中遇到生词不要马上查词典，可以通过一定的方法来猜测理解。猜测词义不仅是一项阅读技巧，也是高考阅读能力考查的一个方面，每年在高考阅读中都有猜测词义的试题。掌握正确方法快速而又准确地猜测出生词的含义，对提高阅读速度和答题效率相当重要。
该类题常见的考查形式有：
1. The phrase “…”in the sentence culd be replaced by ____.
2. The wrd “…” in the paragraph refers t ____.
3. What is the meaning f the underlined wrd in the paragraph? / What des the unlined wrd mean?
4. Which f the fllwing is the clsest in meaning t the phrase “…”?
5. The wrd “…” mst nearly means ____.
对此类试题，考生应该进行大胆猜测，但这种猜测不是胡乱的，盲目的，而是有一定的方法和技巧。
考点三
推理判断题
例如，由上下文的语境是解决词义猜测题的重要解题方法。划线词的意思往往是我们要猜测的意思。我们可以通过已知的上下文的词汇或者句子来猜测未知的意思。
推理判断题主要考查学生根据文章的字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题。做这类题时，考生应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，同时借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断。
提问整篇文章或某句某段的含蓄意思时，问句中都含有infer, imply, indicate, suggest (推断，暗指)等词。对付这类题时我们不仅要弄懂文章字面的意思，更重要的是要知道文章潜在的含义，和作者所给的提示。同时要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作合理的猜测和推论。关键是：意思要靠推断得出，而不是原文照搬。这就要把握住文章的主题思想和每段的内容；明确作者的观点及其写作该文的目的；分析文章里所给的有关信息；注意词汇在词典的定义和词典以外的含义；最后运用自己的知识进行由表及里的逻辑推理，挖出文章的伏笔，得出正确的推论。
这种问题的提问方式通常有：
1. Frm paragraph 4 we can infer that. / What can be inferred frm the passage? / Frm the last paragraph we can infer that.
2. We can infer frm the text that…/ What can we learn frm…? / We can cnclude frm the passage that…
3. The last sentence f the first paragraph mst prbably implies that.
4. The authr implies that by the year 2080, .
5. T slve the present scial prblems the authr suggests that we shuld.
6. The authr mentins the fact that…t shw.
7. This passage wuld mst likely be fund in _________?
8. The authr’s attitude tward …is _________?
9. The tne f the passage can best be described as _________?
这些提问方式的答案一般在短文中不可能直接找到，必须根据提问中的某些关键字眼与短文中相应的有关内容加以逻辑推理或演算，从而得出某些作者并未说明却已在字里行间所暗含的意思及观点。具体的说，考生应当注意以下几点：
1. 首先要注意一定要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。立足已知，推断未知，遵循“词不离句，句不离段，段不离篇”的原则。千万不能主观臆想，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。
2. 要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础。有的推断，考生完全可以根据文章中所阐述的细节，再结合自己所掌握的基础知识、有关背景知识或常识来帮助进行分析、推敲，从而得出符合文章原意的结论。
3. 要对文字的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表及里，由浅入深，从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综合、判断等，进行深层处理，合乎逻辑地推理。不能就事论事，断章取义，以偏概全。
4. 要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构，同时还要体会文章的基调，揣摩作者的态度，摸准逻辑发展方向，悟出作者的言外之意。
考点四
主旨大意题
5. 在解答推理性问题时，一定要注意确定推理依据的位置或范围。应清楚所要解答的问题需要针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题思想、作者的意图进行推断。针对细节的推断可运用scanning的方法，迅速在材料中确定推理依据的位置或范围，然后再进行推理判断。针对主题思想作推断时，则常常要纵览全篇文章。
高考阅读理解对文章的主旨大意进行命题，旨在考查考生通过对原文快速浏览正确获取语篇的大意，并对文章的主题、标题、段落、中心思想加以归纳理解以及辨别主要信息和次要信息的能力。要求考生在阅读短文时，能够提炼文章的中心情节，体会作者的主要意图，充分运用逻辑概括能力，透过字里行间获取文章最具代表性的观点、中心论点及作者的情感倾向。
在高考阅读理解中，针对短文主旨常见的命题形式如下：
(1) What wuld be the best title fr the text? /What is the tpic f the text?
(2) The main tpic / subject f the passage is _________.
(3) The main idea/The general idea is/The main theme f this passage is…
(4) The last paragraph ends the passage with an emphasis n _________.
(5) What is mainly discussed in the text?
(6) What is the main idea f the passage?
(7) What’s the main pint the writer is trying t make in the last paragraph?
(8) The purpse f this passage is.
(9) Which f the fllwing statements is best supprted by the text?
(10) Which f the fllwing best summarized the passage?
(11) The passage mainly fcuses n.
从上述命题形式可以看出，此类阅读测试题主要可概括为两大类，即怎样理解段落及文章整体的中心思想和怎样拟定或选择恰当的标题。下面结合高考题实例来具体分析此类题目的解题技巧。
【技巧点拨】
文章是由段落组成的。段落是发展一个主题的一群句子，段落围绕着中心思想展开，而段落的中心思想又是为文章整体的中心思想服务的。寻找具体段落的中心思想的方法是：通过分析篇章结构，找出每小段的主题句，通过主题句找出文章的主题。找准文章的主题句是确定文章主旨大意的关键。主题是文章要表达的中心思想，文章的主题句通常都有一个话题，它是文章的核心。“主题句定位法”是一种行之有效的方法。
但是由于文章的不同，表现的手法也各有不同，主题句出现的位置也不是一成不变的。在许多情况下，尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况：开头、中间、结尾(含在开头结尾同时出现、首尾呼应的主题句)。因此，仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。做主旨大意类试题多采用浏览法(skimming)，浏览时，一般不需逐句细读，只选读文章的首段、尾段，或每段的首句和尾句，重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。
Passage 1
（2025·安徽马鞍山高二开学考）A high-end train jurney enables yu t experience destinatins at a unique pace and in ttal cmfrt while enjying first-class service. These are sme f the mst exciting rail rutes t chse frm.
GldenPass Express, Switzerland
GldenPass Express takes passengers frm Mntreux t Interlaken. It’s a three- hur ride with fur departures a day. The heated leather seats can recline (后倾) and rtate (旋转) 180 degrees. They’ re als raised 15 inches higher t bst the views ver vineyards, green valleys and blue- ice glaciers. A ne- way ticket csts £115.
La Dlce Vita, Italy
La Dlce Vita train service transprts passengers t Italy f the 1960s. There are altgether 30 rms— plus a bar car where passengers can watch appealing field s fly by as a pianist plays. A variety f impressive ff- bard experiences are available, frm turing vineyards at Mntalcin t riding hrses in Abruzz. A ne- way ticket starts at £2,140.
Spacia X, Japan
This train prvides a stylish way f making the tw- hur jurney between Tky’s Asakusa statin and the city f Nikk. Spacia X als includes cmfrtable sfas and seats. Passengers can appreciate the scenery as they sht past muntains, waterfalls and temples. Tickets can be bught nline r frm any statin n the Tbu line. A ne- way ticket starts frm £7.50.
The Vietage, Vietnam
The Vietage runs between Da Nang and Quy Nhn in supreme cmfrt. Travelers can take in the beauty f the Vietnamese cuntryside ver a thirty- curse lunch with free drinks. The ticket price als includes a head-and-shulder massage (按摩). A ne- way ticket is £330.
1．Which f the fllwing makes La Dlce Vita stand ut?
A．Cmfrtable seats.B．Varius ff-bard experiences.
C．Online ticket bking.D．A head-and-shulder massage.
2．Which f the rail rutes prvides a hearty lunch?
A．Spacia X, Japan.B．La Dlce Vita, Italy.
C．The Vietage, Vietnam.D．GldenPass Express, Switzerland.
3．What d the fur rail rutes have in cmmn?
A．The travel time.B．The ticket price.C．The superir service.D．The adjustable seats.
Passage 2
（2025河南新乡·高二开学考）
Fur f the Best Mney Games fr Kids
When was the last time yur kids saw yu pay fr smething in cash? Chances are that yur kids rarely see bills and cins exchange hands. Living in a digital wrld, it’s difficult fr kids t understand what really happens when adults pay fr things. The fllwing are sme mney games fr kids that can teach them the different values f bills and cins, hw t handle mney, and even ecnmics.
Buy It Right
Age range: Ages 7 t 12
Buy It Right lets kids get hands-n experience dealing with bills and cins while intrducing the cncept f prices and thinking thrugh whether an bject is t expensive r nt. Kids set their prices and buy and sell items while mving their piece arund the bard.
Mney Match Me
Age range: Ages 5 t 8
While nt entirely a game, Mney Match Me can be a fun way t test kids’ knwledge f cins. One card shws a grup f cins needing t be matched with a written descriptin. Fr example, a picture f three quarters wuld be matched with a card that says “seventy-five cents”.
Mney Bags
Age range: Recmmended fr ages 7+
If yur kids need practice cunting mney and telling apart different cins, the Mney Bags game can help. As players mve alng the bard, they cllect mney frm the bank. The winner is the persn wh has the mst mney when the game ends.
Pay Day
Age range: Ages 8 and up
This classic bard game simulates what it’s like t get a paycheck each mnth while als having financial duties. Players are als able t receive 10% interest n the balance f their savings. The player with the mst cash and savings at the end wins.
4．What is the skill fcus f Buy It Right?
A．Intrducing basic business cncepts.B．Recgnizing different bills and cins.
C．Learning t identify and cunt mney.D．Making kids cnsider prices and expenses.
5．Which mney game recmmends the yungest age limit?
A．Buy It Right.B．Mney Bags.
C．Mney Match Me.D．Pay Day.
6．What d Mney Bags and Pay Day have in cmmn?
A．Players fcus n adding different bills.
B．Whever wns the mst mney is the winner.
C．Kids learn hw t budget in a reasnable way.
D．Kids are able t receive interest n their savings.
Passage 3
（2025山东济宁·高二开学考）
Eurpe’s Best Lng-Distance Hiking Trails
These hikes n sme f Eurpe’s best lng distance trails (路线) ffer a chance t recnnect with the wrld, get sme energetic exercise and enjy peaceful mments in sme f the Eurpe’s mst beautiful scenery.
Hyssna Trail, Sweden
West Sweden’s quiet beauty is the star f the shw n this 40-kilmeter, tw-day hike. The rund trail starts at Hyssna’s12th century church, which can be accessed by bus frm Gthenburg in just 40 minutes. The rute is well guided, with plenty f picnic spts and a well appinted camp site.
Karhunkierrs Trall, Finland
Finnish Lapland is well-knwn as a winter destinatin, with magical aurra brealis (极光) and an amazing ancient Sami culture. It’s als hme t the 82-kilmeter Karhunkierrs Trail, the mst well-knwn lng-distance walk in Finland. The path begins in Hautajarvi village in Lapland’s Salla and ends at the Rukatunturi Fell in Kuusam, taking fur days.
King Charles III England Castal Path, England
Cvering an area f 4, 300 kilmeters, the England Castal Path is a lifetime’s attempt fr thse wh wish t cver every step. And it can be easily brken dwn int areas, with nrthwest, nrtheast, east, sutheast and suthwest regins t explre. Walking arund the cast f Crnwall will leave anyne energetic.
Slvenian Muntain Trail, Slvenia
It’s n surprise that the Slvenia Muntain Trail has becme s ppular. This attractive trail cvering sme 616 kilmeters runs frm Maribr in the cuntry’s nrtheast, all the way t Ankaran. And while ding it all tgether ver 28 days might seem extreme, it can be brken int smaller regins. There are paths thrugh the ancient frests and wetlands f the Phrje Hills r acrss the Julian Als.
7．Which trail cvers the shrtest distance?
A．Hyssna Trail.B．Karhunkierrs Trail.
C．King Charles III England Castal PathD．Slvenian Muntain Trail.
8．What can be dne alng the trail f Finland?
A．Ging n a bus tur.B．Hiking arund the cast.
C．Admiring the Sami culture.D．Explring ancient frests.
9．What d the England Castal Path and the Slvenia Muntain Trail have in cmmn?
A．They share a similar landscape.B．They are lcated in the same cuntry.
C．They can be brken int small regins.D．They are famus as winter destinatins.
Passage 4
（2025河北保定·高二开学考）This past year I’ve been with tw lved nes at the time f their passing. The first passing, last September, was that f my belved father-in-law at 91, after his lengthy battle with Parkinsn’s disease. Mre recently, I was in the rm when my dear friend Thmas Steinbeck passed away at the age f 72 after a lng battle with COPD (慢阻肺).
There were mments when I wanted t thank them fr all they’d dne fr their lved nes, as well as humanity at large, but there were als times during their mre lucid mments when I lnged t have them answer sme deep philsphical questins. They bth knew they were dying, and because f their generus spirits, they wuld have tld me anything I wanted t knw.
In fact, Thm tld me a few weeks befre his passing that he didn’t have much time left. While I knew he was struggling with his breathing, I was in denial. I tld him that he’d survived the Vietnam War and a number f health challenges, and wuld survive this setback as well. Lking back, I think he was giving me an pening t talk t him as if he were dying.
The death f these tw lved nes has taught me a lt. It taught me t be even mre mindful in the future, and carefully “listen t the messages” the dying are cnveying t me. Had I dne s, I might have had a final cnfirmatin f what I meant t these men, althugh in sme ways I already knew because they were the type f individuals wh were always pen and straightfrward with respect t what they believed in. Knwing hearing is the final sense t g, I did take the chance t tell them hw much they meant t me, and hw much I lved them, and fr that I am grateful.
10．What d the authr’s tw lved nes have in cmmn?
A．They were the authr’s family members.
B．They suffered frm lng-term illnesses.
C．They lst their lives in the same year.
D．They were extremely afraid f death.
11．What des the underlined wrd mean in paragraph 2?
A．Able t think clearly.B．Eager t walk arund.
C．Willing t help thers.D．Brave t face the future.
12．Why did Thm tell the authr he was dying?
A．He culd n lnger accmpany the authr.
B．He desired t make his breathing smth.
C．He was in great need f the authr’s care.
D．He wanted t have a chat with the authr.
13．What did death teach the authr abut living?
A．Death is a time fr lve and frgiveness.
B．Thse wh are dying are eager t share.
C．Hearing is the final sense t disappear.
D．It is vital t say what cmes naturally.
Passage 5
（2025河北张家口·高二开学考）One evening, Tm Petersn decided t g n a hike in the muntains near his hme. He tld his family he’d be back by nightfall, s when he didn’t return as expected, they became cncerned. At arund 8 p.m., they tried t reach him n his cell phne but received n respnse. Tm’s brther, Jack, decided t head t the trail (小径) and lk fr him.
When Jack arrived, he fund Tm’s backpack n the side f the trail, but there was n sign f Tm himself. Tm’s family became even mre anxius. His mther kept picturing him lst and alne, wndering if he was cld, scared, r even injured. She felt helpless, knwing she culdn’t prtect her sn. His father, n the ther hand, struggled t remain calm, reassuring his wife while silently fearing the wrst.
As midnight apprached, Tm’s family decided it was time t call fr prfessinal help. The search team arrived swiftly, equipped with flashlights and heat-sensitive cameras, and began cmbing the trail. Tm, dwn the hill with an injured ankle, lay in the dark, battling waves f dubt. As the cld night deepened, he questined if anyne wuld find him, feeling small and defenceless against the vast wilderness. He turned his flashlight n and ff, hping smene wuld ntice the weak light, hlding n t the last bit f hpe he had.
Finally, the team sptted him abut a mile frm the main path. Seeing the rescuers apprach, Tm’s relief washed ver him, and his wrries melted away. His family was verjyed when they saw him, their wrst fears replaced by deep thankfulness and newfund appreciatin fr each ther.
Later, when asked abut hw he made it thrugh the lng, dark hurs alne, Tm shared that it was the thught f his family that kept him ging. Fr him, hlding nt the hpe f reuniting with them was his nly chice in the vast, lnely wilderness.
14．Why were Tm’s family wrried initially?
A．Tm failed t return hme as planned.
B．Tm’s phne was switched ff all evening.
C．Tm left his backpack n the trail intentinally.
D．Tm was unprepared fr his hike in the muntains.
15．Hw did Tm’s mther emtinally react t the incident in paragraph 2?
A．She dubted the search team’s abilities.
B．She blamed Tm fr being irrespnsible.
C．She remained calm and supprted her family.
D．She felt frustrated abut her inability t help Tm.
16．What allwed the rescuers t lcate Tm?
A．His tracks led them t his lcatin.B．He signaled them with his flashlight.
C．He used special cameras t spt them.D．He shuted fr help until they heard him.
17．What helped Tm survive the night in the wilderness?
A．His rich hiking experience.B．The warm clthes he wre.
C．His strng physical strength.D．The belief f seeing his lved nes again.
Passage 6
（2025江苏南京·高二开学考）Jhn Harper had always been a fan f painting. He used t admire the artwrks at galleries and exhibitins, ften standing in awe befre the pieces that seemed t speak directly t his sul. At 58, he decided it was time t pick up the brush himself. His first attempt at an pen art exhibitin in dwntwn New Yrk left him verwhelmed — the vibrancy, the diversity, and the sheer talent n display were like nthing he had ever imagined. “It felt liberating. I thught, ‘This is what I want t d fr the rest f my life,’” Jhn said. Painting has since given him a new identity and purpse.
All his life, Jhn had wrked as an accuntant, numbers being his daily cmpanins rather than clrs and canvases. Early n, he lst bth parents in a tragic accident when he was twenty, which led him t seek cmfrt in the structured wrld f finance. Fr years, his artistic side remained drmant, nly cming alive in secret sketches and ddles during breaks frm wrk.
After retiring, Jhn rediscvered his lve fr art. He enrlled in classes, jined lcal artist grups, and began t shwcase his wrk. “Art allws me t express myself in ways I never culd with numbers,” he explains. Thrugh painting, he fund a way t heal ld wunds and give frm t his emtins.
“Expressing yurself thrugh clrs and shapes is nt just abut creating smething beautiful; it’s als abut cnnecting with yur inner self,” he says.
Des he still feel discnnected frm thers? “I’ve cme t see my uniqueness as a strength. I celebrate the fact that I dn’t fit int a typical mld. It tk me this lng t find my true calling!” he exclaims. “But nw, I knw wh I am, and I’m prud f it. I wuldn’t trade places with anyne.”
18．Hw did Jhn feel abut his first experience at an art exhibitin?
A．Intimidated.
B．Indifferent.
C．Inspired.
D．Cnfused.
19．What caused Jhn t initially suppress his artistic interests?
A．His lack f natural talent in art.
B．The influence f his accunting jb.
C．The lss f his parents.
D．His fear f failure.
20．Hw des painting benefit Jhn?
A．It imprves his financial status.
B．It helps him cnnect with his inner self.
C．It makes him mre efficient at his jb.
D．It increases his ppularity amng peers.
21．Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the text?
A．Jhn Harper’s First Exhibitin
B．Jhn Harper’s Artistic Awakening after Retirement
C．Jhn Harper’s Struggle with Accunting
D．Jhn Harper’s Impact n Mdern Art
（2025江苏盐城·高二开学考）I did my first marathn at 25. I’d taken up running t get fit and thught I’d give it a try. Hwever, I started t fast, fund it very painful and struggled t finish. Then, seven years ag, when I was 43, I went t talk with smene wh had just dne the Sahara Desert race. I felt s inspired and prmised I wuld run it, t.
A year later, I cmpleted 24-hur ultra-marathn in the Namibian desert, I wndered what n earth I culd d next. My father, a frmer sldier, had just died f cancer and I wanted t gather fund (资金) fr a sldiers charity in his memry. There are 66 cities in the UK s I came up with a challenge — a 50 km marathn in each city, n rest days in between. On the first day, I ran fr arund six t seven hurs, eating alng the way t get mre energy. On day tw, I tre my right Achilles tendn (跟腱). I slwed my pace and thught abut the sldiers’ charity I was ding the run fr. It was nthing cmpared with sme f their injuries.
Then, n day 26, it gt wrse. I culdn’t bear even the light tuch f an ice cube. I had t walk thrugh the day, which tk almst 11 hurs. I kept telling myself I culdn’t fail. If I quit, the pain wuld have stpped, but I knew I wuld regret it fr the rest f my life. On May 20 I finished, fur days after my 50th birthday.
It’s been a lng prgressin frm being an unfit slacker (懒散的人) t where I am nw. I have a better bdy nw than at any pint in my life. Anyne can d this, I’m nt a superhuman. I’m just determined, and I have the next thing planned already.
22．Hw was the authr’s first marathn?
A．He didn’t finish it.B．He didn’t d it well.
C．He gt hurt halfway.D．He fell in lve with it.
23．What was the writer’s purpse f running marathns in the UK?
A．T raise mney fr a charity.B．T create a new wrld recrd.
C．T prepare fr a marathn race.D．T push himself t reach the gal.
24．What des the authr think is the mst imprtant quality he has?
A．Kindness.B．Curisity.C．Bravery.D．Determinatin.
25．What can be the best title fr the text?
A．Never Stp RunningB．Running Makes Success
C．Being Prepared fr RunningD．Running fr a Better Future
Passage 8
（2025浙江·高二开学考）In The Sciety f the Spectacle (1967，《景观社会》), French philspher Guy Debrd unveiled a radical critique f mdern capitalism, arguing that scial relatins had been replaced by mediated images — a phenmenn he termed “the spectacle.” This cncept builds n Marx’s critique f cmmdity fetishism but shifts fcus frm material prductin t cultural cnsumptin.
Debrd psits that the spectacle is “a scial relatinship mediated by images”, where passive cnsumptin f media, advertising, and entertainment bscures real human interactins. Unlike Marx’s era f tangible cmmdity dminatin, tday’s capitalism perates thrugh three spectacle frms: cncentrated (authritarian regimes manipulating heric imagery), diffuse (cnsumerist scieties masking cntrl behind illusry chices), and integrated (a hybrid system cmbining technlgy, state pwer, and perpetual presentism).
Central t his thesis is the idea f separatin: wrkers are alienated (异化) nt nly frm their labr but als frm leisure, as nn-wrking hurs becme clnized by spectacles like televisin and scial media. This creates “lnely crwds” wh mistake curated images fr authentic experiences. Fr instance, advertising transfrms diamnds int symbls f lve, fabricating desires detached frm material needs.
Debrd’s analysis extends t time and space. He critiques “pseud-cyclical time” where media cycles erase histrical cnsciusness, and urban planning islates individuals in “psychgegraphical” (心理地理学) traps. His slutin—“situatins” created thrugh revlutinary art — aims t shatter spectacle-induced passivity.
While criticized fr technlgical determinism, Debrd’s wrk remains vital in analyzing digital-era phenmena like influencer culture and algrithm-driven “infrmatin ccns”. As he warned: “The spectacle is the sun that never sets ver the empire f mdern passivity.”
26．Accrding t Debrd, what fundamentally characterizes the spectacle sciety?
A．The rise f artificial intelligence in labr markets.
B．Scial relatinships replaced by image-based mediatin.
C．Gvernment censrship f histrical narratives.
D．Envirnmental degradatin caused by cnsumerism.
27．Which f the fllwing is NOT a frm f spectacle identified by Debrd?
A．Integrated scene cmbining technlgy and state pwer.
B．Diffuse spectacle prmting illusry cnsumer freedm.
C．Revlutinary spectacle advcating prletarian uprising.
D．Cncentrated scenery centered n authritarian imagery.
28．What des the authr mean by mentining “diamnds as symbls f lve”?
A．Describe the ecnmic value f luxury gds.
B．Illustrate spectacle’s creatin f artificial desires.
C．Present rmantic ideals in capitalist scieties.
D．Uncver envirnmental impacts f mining industries.
29．Which title best captures the article’s critical perspective n Debrd’s thery?
A．The Spectacle Sciety: When Image Dminates Reality.
B．Imperial Image: A Mdern Alienatin Beynd Debrd.
C．Frm Factries t Screens: The Evlutin f Labr Explitatin.
D．Art Versus Algrithms: Reshaping Cultural Cnsumptin.
Passage 9
（2025安徽·高二开学考）Frm Beijing, mre than 400 kilmeters away, all the way up nrth, the temperature gradually drps. With the emergence f fire preventin warnings, Saihanba (塞罕坝), knwn as a “miracle n earth”, begins t cme int view. In Octber, the cld wind blwing frm Siberia has dyed (染色) Saihanba glden.
In Mnglian, Saihanba means beautiful high muntains. Hwever, Saihanba was a desert f “yellw sand cvering the sky and flying birds withut inhabiting trees” 62 years ag. Whenever the nrth wind blws, the windy sand lcated in Inner Mnglia will drive suthward, reaching Beijing and Tianjin.
After mre than half a century f frest plantatin, peple wh have cme t Saihanba can hardly imagine the arid (干旱) scene. Occasinally, a gust f wind passes by, and they wuld just sigh and shut hw strng the wind is, but they wuld nt feel sandblasted (喷砂).
On Oct 9, watchmen Liu Jun and Wang Juan were bserving the surrunding frest area n a watchtwer in Saihanba Frest Farm in Hebei prvince. Liu is in charge f the bservatin and Wang keeps recrding.
“Spring and autumn are the critical fire preventin perids fr ur frest farm. We need t stay here fr three mnths, have three meals a day, wrk and live in the building,” says Liu Jun, wh has been engaged in bservatin fr 13 years. Simple as it lks, the jb is quite the burden n their shulders. Only by enjying lneliness can they keep this frest safe and sund.
Saihanba tday is nt nly a “green Great Wall” fr windbreak and sand fixatin (固化), but als a timber (林木) surce. Many peple wuld dubt why the trees that have grwn up here are t be cut dwn in a planned way. Liu explains that mst f the trees here are planted frest, and the frest species are relatively single, unlike natural frests that can adapt n their wn and survive the fittest. The selective cutting f plantatin frests is mre like thinning when farmers plant crps. Only in this way can the nutrient area be expanded and diseased plants als be remved t ensure the healthy develpment f the frest areas.
30．What can be learned abut Saihanba frm the first three paragraphs?
A．It is suffering frm a cld wind.B．It is weathering a sandstrm.
C．Its desertificatin is under cntrl.D．Its climate is beynd expectatin.
31．Which f the fllwing best describes the watchmen?
A．Bred but attentive.B．Lnely but cmmitted.
C．Tired but engaged.D．Simple but respnsible.
32．Why are sme trees in Saihanba cut dwn?
A．T prevent ptential fire.B．T study its disease preventin.
C．T prmte its bidiversity.D．T ensure its healthy develpment.
33．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．The Green GuardianB．The Sand Wasteland
C．The Timber FarmD．The Glden Miracle
Passage 10
（2025福建泉州·高二开学考）There are many kinds f jbs in the wrld, and if peple can’t find their ideal jb, they can always create ne. Mlly Lewis did just that by becming a prfessinal whistler (吹口哨的人).
Shane O’ Neill writes in The Washingtn Pst, “If yu’re a famus cmedian, yu may get the frightening ‘Tell me a jke!’ frm a stranger. If yu think that’s bad, try being a prfessinal whistler.” “It happens all the time,” said Mlly Lewis with a smile. “Smetimes I’ll blige.”
Lewis released her album, On the Lips, in February, t prmte whistling. “Peple ften dn't knw much abut whistle music apart frm sme pp sngs,” Lewis said. “But I think it's a beautiful instrument.”
Peple gradually ntice whistle music. She whistled a singer's What Was I Made Fr?, which appeared in the Barbie mvie.
Lewis adds depth t whistling, which is usually seen as cheerful r absent-minded. She is inspired by artists like the cuple, Marty and Elayne. “They played fr 37 years, five nights a week, and it was very special,” Lewis said.
Lewis learned t whistle at fur but tk it seriusly after seeing Pucker Up, a 2005 dcumentary abut cmpetitive whistling. She attended the Internatinal Whistlers Cnventin in 2012 and has perfrmed in music clubs since then.
Starting in 2017, Lewis perfrmed shws called Cafe Mlly at Zebuln, attracting many ntable figures. On tur, she aims t create an atmsphere f elegance, an atmsphere she hpes t bring hme with On the Lips.
34．Which can explain the underlined wrd “blige” in paragraph 2?
A．Accept.B．Decline.C．Prmise.D．Ignre.
35．What did Lewis intend t d with her album?
A．Stress the rle f whistling.B．Get whistling recgnized.
C．Give credit fr a mvie.D．Attract yungsters' attentin.
36．What did Lewis think f Marty and Elayne?
A．They are excited.B．They are frightened.
C．They are stressed.D．They are cmmitted.
37．Hw did Pucker Up affect Lewis?
A．It gave her easy access t music clubs.B．It earned her internatinal reputatin.
C．It deepened her devtin t whistling.D．It recgnized her talent as a whistler.
Passage 11
（2025浙江金华·高二开学考）We’ve all had the experience. We’re reading alng and suddenly realize that althugh ur eyes are scanning the wrds n the page, nthing is actually registering. Minutes pass befre we realize that we’ve lst the plt entirely.
In classrms, students tend t experience this drift (偏移) in attentin while reading texts that are challenging r highly technical — the srts f passages middle schlers and high schlers might encunter in science, math, r histry.
In a 2024 study f “mindless reading,” researchers frm the University f Wü rzburg tracked the reading speed and attentin f undergraduates studying a cmplex science text. At multiple pints during the exercise, prmpts (提示) appeared asking students “Was yur mind wandering when yu read the last sentence?” Students cnfirmed multiple instances f lss f attentin.
Researchers fund that variatins in reading speed, lingering (逗留) n the same passage fr lng perids, and skipping wrds were signals that students were struggling t remain fcused r t understand the material, and als predicted prer perfrmance n later tests.
But these prblems are nt inslvable. The University f Wü rzburg researchers als cncluded that when students were trained t recgnize when they lst track f sentence-level infrmatin r gt stuck n passages — and were taught strategies t “plan, mnitr, and regulate their reading” — they were able t successfully re-rute their attentin.
T cnvince students f the imprtance f effective reading strategies, it’s imprtant t explain the lng-term benefits f sticking thrugh cmplex texts. Fr example, learning hw t make sense f a technical science text may help if students decide t wrk in engineering. The skills they use t make sense f a histry text may help in future legal careers. Try t make it clear, literacy expert Timthy Shanahan says, that when we teach students hw t push thrugh difficult texts, “what we’re really ding is shwing them hw t gain access t all f these different fields in ur sciety.”
38．Students tend t lse their fcus while reading if ________.
A．the reading text is lngB．they are in a classrm
C．the reading material is cmplexD．they are middle r high schlers
39．Which f the fllwing is a signal f “mindless reading”?
A．Reading t quickly.B．Pr perfrmance n tests.
C．Changes in reading speed.D．Spending much time reading.
40．What shuld students d if they experience “mindless reading”?
A．Change the reading materials.
B．Get t knw why they get stuck n passages.
C．Learn t ntice when their attentin wanders.
D．Pay mre attentin t sentence-level infrmatin.
41．What is Shanahan’s attitude t helping students push thrugh difficult texts?
A．Favrable.B．Cautius.C．Dubtful.D．Unclear.
Passage 12
（2025江苏南京·高二开学考）In recent years, a new trend has emerged amng yung travelers in Japan wh are increasingly pting fr “ff-the-beaten-path” destinatins instead f flcking t famus turist spts. This phenmenn, knwn as cunter-turism, is gaining ppularity as it ffers turists a chance t explre quieter and less cmmercialized areas.
Data frm a majr nline travel agency reveals that bkings fr accmmdatins in lesser-knwn twns increased by 25% year-n-year during the hliday seasn. Mrever, reservatins fr butique htels in these lcatins surged by at least fivefld. Lesser-knwn attractins saw significant grwth, with sme reprting ver 20% mre visitrs cmpared t the previus year. Fr example, the serene cuntryside f Shimane Prefecture welcmed apprximately 30,000 visitrs ver seven days, marking a 17% increase year-ver-year.
Travelers are chsing these quieter lcales nt nly t avid crwded places but als t enjy lwer csts and experience genuine lcal culture. In cntrast t ppular turist htspts, which can be verly cmmercialized, these hidden gems ffer mre authentic experiences and natural encunters. Additinally, changes in travel preferences reflect a grwing desire amng turists fr deeper relaxatin and meaningful engagement with their surrundings.
The nging impact f envirnmental cncerns and sustainability effrts als plays a rle in this shift. Travelers are becming mre cnscius f their eclgical ftprint and prefer destinatins that prmte sustainable turism practices. As a result, they are mre likely t chse ec-friendly accmmdatins and activities.
An editrial in the Tky Times nted that the rise f cunter-turism culd have psitive implicatins fr bth turists and the industry. It encurages diversity in travel ptins and frces traditinal turist hubs t innvate and imprve their fferings. Mre imprtantly, it helps distribute ecnmic benefits mre evenly acrss different regins.
Prfessr Sat, a turism expert, suggests that t fully capitalize n this trend, greater emphasis shuld be placed n develping unique lcal experiences and prmting lesser-knwn cultural heritage sites. Highlighting reginal traditins and fstering cmmunity invlvement are key strategies fr enhancing the appeal f ff-the-beaten-path destinatins.
42．What d the statistics in paragraph 2 indicate?
A．The success f travel agencies in Japan.
B．The prfitability f htels during hlidays.
C．The cntributin f turism t the ecnmy.
D．The rising trend f cunter-turism in Japan.
43．What is the fundamental reasn behind the emergence f cunter-turism?
A．Envirnmental awareness.
B．Changing travel preferences.
C．Lwer travel csts.
D．Lack f innvatin in well-knwn attractins.
44．Hw des the Tky Times view cunter-turism?
A．It will decline as envirnmental cncerns diminish.
B．It benefits bth turists and the turism market.
C．It enhances the spread f lcal culture t turists.
D．It hinders the develpment f ppular turist spts.
45．Accrding t Prfessr Sat, what advice is given fr develping the turism market?
A．Imprving infrastructure in turist areas.
B．Enhancing management rules fr turist attractins.
C．Explring the ptential and uniqueness f lesser-knwn attractins.
D．Prmting lcal characteristics thrugh scial media
Passage 13
（2025山东潍坊·高二开学考）Any schlchild knws that a whale breathes thrugh its blwhle. Fewer knw that a blwhle is a nstril (鼻孔) slightly changed by evlutin int a frm mre useful fr a mammal that spends its life at sea. And nly a dedicated expert wuld knw that while tthed whales, such as sperm whales, have ne hle, baleen whales, such as humpback and Rice’s whales, have tw.
Even amng the baleen whales, the placing f thse nstrils differs. In sme species, they are clse tgether. In thers, they are much further apart. In a paper published in Bilgy Letters Cnr Ryan, a marine bilgist at the Scttish Assciatin fr Marine Science, suggests why that might be. Having tw nstrils, he argues, helps whales smell in stere (立体空间).
Many types f baleen whales eat tiny animals knwn as zplanktn (浮游动物), which they catch by filtering them frm seawater using the sheets f fibrus baleen that have replaced teeth in their muths. But t eat smething yu first have t find it. Tthed whales d nt hunt by scent. In fact, the lfactry (嗅觉的) bulb (球状物) — the part f the brain that prcesses smell — is absent in such creatures. But baleen whales still have lfactry bulbs, which suggests smell remains imprtant. And scent can indeed give zplanktn away. Zplanktn like t eat ther tiny creatures called phytplanktn (浮游植物). When these are under attack, they release a special gas called dim-ethyl sulphide (二甲硫), which in turn attracts baleen whales.
Mst animals have sterescpic senses. Having tw eyes, fr instance, allws an animal t cmpare the images frm each in rder t perceive depth. Having tw ears lets them lcate the directin frm which a sund is cming. Dr. Ryan therized that paired blwhles might bring baleen whales the same srts f benefits.
The farther apart the sensry rgans are, the mre infrmatin can be extracted by the animal that bears them. The researchers used drnes t phtgraph the nstrils f 143 whales belnging t 14 different species. Sure enugh, baleen whales that ften eat zplanktn, such as the Nrth Atlantic right whale (北大西洋露脊鲸), have nstrils that are farther apart than thse, such as humpback whales (座头鲸), that eat zplanktn ccasinally. Besides allwing them t breathe, it seems that sme whales use their blwhles t determine in which directin dinner lies.
46．What d we knw abut whales’ nstrils accrding t the first tw paragraphs?
A．They are develped merely fr smell.
B．They are adapted nes.
C．They are nt easy t detect.
D．They are nt fixed universally in numbers.
47．What plays a rle when baleen whales hunt zplanktn?
A．The smell that phytplanktn send.
B．The teeth that baleen whales have.
C．The sund waves that zplanktn create.
D．The chemical signals that zplanktn give ff.
48．Hw is the cncept f sterescpic senses explained in paragraph 4?
A．By quting a thery.B．By making a cntrast.
C．By using examples.D．By making inferences.
49．What is the psitin f nstrils related t accrding t the last paragraph?
A．The ability t give ff smells.
B．The pssibility t attract fd.
C．The ability t cmmunicate.
D．The ability t lcate fd.
Passage 14
（2025河南·高二开学考）At sme level, advice n hw t inspire emplyees is silly. It’s usually either bvius — be gd at yur jb, be passinate abut the wrk and make the peple n yur teams feel valued — r shckingly inauthentic（不真实的）. But much mre practical insights can be fund in a cming bk called Inspire: The Universal Path fr Leading Yurself and Others, by Adam Galinsky, an academic at Clumbia Business Schl.
Lts f firms use a series f bringly abstract wrds t cnvey their gal: “change”, “innvate”, “cnnect” and s n. Mr Galinsky cites an experiment that shwed the effect f mre cncrete language. In it, teams were asked t design tys and given a visin statement t guide their behaviur. Teams wh were handed a statement with mre visual language — t create tys that “… make wide-eyed kids laugh and prud parents smile” — prduced mre engaging tys than teams wh were given smething mre general.
Anther study is mentined in Mr Galinsky’s bk. Participants were asked t reflect n imprtant events in their lives, such as their chice f cllege. Sme were als asked t think abut hw things wuld have turned ut if this event had nt happened. This grup attributed greater meaning t the event in questin, whether because they cncluded fate had played a part in it r because it frced them t think thrugh its results mre clearly. This type f cunterfactual thinking（反事实思维） can als be used t strengthen emplyees’ ties t firms: Prmpting peple t imagine a wrld in which their cmpany des nt exist seems t increase a sense f belnging.
Perhaps the mst striking idea in Mr Galinsky’s bk is that, instead f bsses mtivating peple frm abve, individuals can d it fr themselves. In this study sme Swiss citizens wh had newly registered with a gvernment emplyment agency were asked t d a10 - t 15-minute exercise in which they reflected n values that mattered t them. They were three times mre likely t find a jb than thse wh did nt d the exercise.
50．Why is a statement with mre visual language mentined?
A．T prmte a lively air in firms.
B．T prve Mr Galinsky’s view.
C．T state richness f a language.
D．T persuade readers t value expressin.
51．What rle des the cunterfactual thinking play in a firm?
A．It prmtes emplyees’ sense f belnging.
B．It makes emplyees reflect n their strengths.
C．It inspires emplyees t study hard.
D．It trains emplyees t be creative.
52．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A．An interesting example abut designing tys.
B．Individuals’ self-mtivatin fr jb-seeking.
C．Practical use f Swiss gvernment measures.
D．An emplyment plan frm Clumbia Business Schl.
53．What is the text prbably?
A．An intrductin.B．A research article.
C．A news reprt.D．A jurnal.
Passage 15
（2025湖北·高二开学考）Over the past 40 years, neurscience (神经科学) researchers have begun t build a remarkably accurate picture f what exactly happens in the brain during adlescence (青春期).
One area f research has been neurplasticity — that is, the brain’s ability t rerganise itself by frming new neural cnnectins. During childhd, the brain’s 86 billin neurns create numerus cnnectin patterns. Each time we learn t d smething, neural pathways are created that allw us t repeat and imprve upn the actin. By adulthd, neural pathways that have been used frequently becme “fixed”, whereas the less-used r unused pathways disappear. These strnger “fixed” cnnectins enable adults t have mre cmplex thughts and t carry ut regular actins mre effectively. Hwever, the disappearance f ther less-used cnnectins reduces the brain’s “flexibility”. As a result, adults find it harder t master new skills r remember unfamiliar infrmatin.
It used t be thught that teenagers’ brains were similar t adults in this respect, but research has revealed that the teenage brain still has tremendus “plasticity” — less than in childhd, but mre than adults — and s teenagers are better at learning and memrising things than adults. This means this is a great age t develp new skills such as playing an instrument, learning t drive r speaking a new language. Recent research has even shwn that a persn’s IQ, which was previusly thught t be unchanging, can imprve in the teen years!
Research has als shwn a further difference in the prefrntal crtex (PFC) f teenagers and adults. The PFC is the area f the brain that’s respnsible fr abstract thinking. Its functins include planning. predicting the results f actins as well as regulatin f emtins, and fcusing n gals. Unlike in adults, the teenage PFC is still develping, which explains why teenagers can be impulsive (冲动的) and take risks and why they find it hard t cncentrate and make gd chices.
Psychiatrist Dr Daniel Siegel thinks the teenage years are very exciting nes. He believes that learning abut hw their brains wrk helps teenagers develp their emtinal intelligence and thught prcesses, allwing them t be the very best persn they can be. It seems then, that the teenage years are the ideal time t learn prblem-slving and critical thinking skills.
54．What happens t neural pathways as individuals grw frm children t adults?
A．Sme disappear because new cnnectins are frmed.
B．Sme becme strengthened thrugh frequent use.
C．They increase in number but decrease in strength.
D．They remain highly flexible thrughut adulthd.
55．What des higher brain plasticity mean t teenagers?
A．They have mre intelligence than adults.B．They have a remarkable ability t learn.
C．They can play an instrument better than adults.D．They have an intense interest in learning.
56．Hw are teenagers influenced by the PFC?
A．They act withut much cnsideratin.B．They can memrise things very quickly.
C．They experience pwerful emtins.D．They adapt t new envirnments easily.
57．What is Dr Daniel Siegel’s pinin?
A．Adlescence is the mst difficult perid f life.
B．Teenagers’ brain develpment is already cmplete.
C．Teenagers shuld be given mre freedm and independence.
D．Studying the develpment f teenagers’ brains benefits them.
Passage 16
（2025湖南·高二开学考）Are yu chillaxed enugh? Recently, having a sense f ease seems t have becme ne f the mst imprtant qualities that a persn shuld have t be seen as successful and attractive.
The discussin arse frm a previus incident. A family’s luggage (行李) was rejected fr shipment, but they cntinued their jurney like nthing bad had happened. A girl witnessed their calm attitude in difficult circumstances and shared the stry nline. She described their attitude as being “chillaxed”, meaning staying calm in the face f barriers. With the wrd gaining mre attentin, an increasing number f peple have shared their chillaxed lives nline.
In psychlgy, maintaining a sense f ease is similar t “psychlgical resilience”, which refers t the ability t effectively adjust and adapt t tugh situatins. particularly by being mentally, emtinally and behavirally flexible t pressure. It stresses a drive fr success, steadily advancing tward a gal, and being prepared t accept any utcme withut cmplaining.
In bth wrk and study, many peple get anxius r even cllapse when faced with shrt-term bttlenecks. Therefre, they hurriedly seek immediate changes, which in mst cases prevents them frm achieving the desired result. Rather than ging after immediate utcmes, it’s mre significant t maintain steady, gradual prgress and adpt a lng-term mindset.
Interestingly, as the Internet becmes filled with hashtags (标签) like “nly thse wh are chillaxed are attractive”, many peple are beginning t feel anxius because they dn’t fit that descriptin. Still, it’s imprtant t nte that while a state f ease may be favrable, there’s nthing wrng with nt being chillaxed. Indeed, many peple achieve their gals by pushing themselves t their limits, thugh feeling frustrated at pressure frm time t time. But as lng as yu are fighting fr yur ideal life, yu’re definitely smene wh’s appealing and respectable n matter whether yu’re chillaxed r nt.
58．Why is the family’s experience mentined in the passage?
A．T intrduce the rigin f the wrd “chillaxed”.
B．T shw the family’s ability t stay chillaxed.
C．T highlight the imprtance f being chillaxed.
D．T argue against the rejectin f luggage shipment.
59．What’s highlighted in psychlgical resilience?
A．Quick frgetting f challenges.
B．Dependence n external factrs.
C．Flexibility and steady prgress.
D．Seeking quick fixes t prblems.
60．What’s the authr’s attitude twards being chillaxed?
A．Dubtful.B．Objective.C．Dismissive.D．Unclear.
61．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?
A．A Chillaxed Attitude: Shrtcut Twards Success.
B．Remaining Chillaxed Helps t Settle Cnflicts.
C．Why Being Chillaxed Des Nt Guarantee Happiness.
D．Being Chillaxed: The Art f Psychlgical Strength.
Passage 17
（2025安徽·高二开学考）It is a cmmn view that “Necessity is the mther f inventin”. That is, inventins suppsedly arise when a sciety has an unfulfilled need. Quite a few inventins d fit in this categry. Fr example, in 1794 Eli Whitney invented cttn gins (轧棉机) t replace labrius hand cleaning f cttn grwn in the U. S. Suth.
Such familiar examples fl us int assuming that ther majr inventins were als respnses t perceived needs. In fact, mst inventins were develped by peple driven by curisity r by a lve f tinkering (捣鼓). Once a device had been invented, the inventr then had t find an applicatin fr it. Only after it had been in use fr a cnsiderable time did cnsumers cme t feel that they “needed” it. Thus, inventin is ften the mther f necessity, rather than vice versa.
A gd example is the histry f the mtr vehicle which was nt invented in respnse t any demand. When Niklaus Ott built his first gas engine in 1866, it was weak, heavy, and seven feet tall. Thirty years later, he built the first truck. But it was a time when hrse wagns and steam-pwered railrads dminated transprtatin. Public cntentment with these tw means remained high until Wrld War I when the armies cncluded that they really did need trucks, which eventually made thse vehicles a substitute fr hrse-drawn wagns in industrialized cuntries.
Inventrs ften have t insist n their tinkering fr a lng time in the absence f public demand, because early mdels perfrm t prly t be useful. Fr instance, the first cameras, typewriters, and televisin sets were as awful as Ott’s seven-ft-tall gas engine. That makes it difficult fr an inventr t fresee whether his r her awful prttype might eventually find a use and thus invest mre time and expense t develp it. Even inventins that meet the need fr which they were initially designed may later prve mre valuable at meeting unfreseen needs. While James Watt designed his steam engine t pump water frm mines, it sn was supplying pwer t cttn mills, then (with much greater prfit) driving trains and bats.
62．Why is Eli Whitney mentined by the writer in the first paragraph?
A．T intrduce the tpic.B．T deny a statement.
C．T clarify a dubt.D．T illustrate a view.
63．What led t the wide use f mtr vehicles accrding t the text?
A．The imprvement f engine perfrmance.B．The end f Wrld War I.
C．The need f the military during war time.D．The decline f hrse-drawn wagns.
64．What des the underlined wrd “That” refer t in the last paragraph?
A．Absence f public demand.B．Bad perfrmance f early mdels.
C．A lack f time and expense.D．Awful lks f previus inventins.
65．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．Scial Need: the Inner Drive fr Inventin
B．Great Inventin: the Frce f Sciety’s Prgress
C．Beynd Necessity: the Curius Pursuit f Inventin
D．General Applicatin: the Final Purpse f Inventin
Passage 18
（2025江苏常州·高二开学考）“The news is ... there is n news.” With thse wrds, utside St Mary’s Hspital in Lndn awaiting the birth f Prince Gerge in July 2013, my reprting fr the BBC went viral n the Internet. Nt fr what I was saying but the way I was saying it. The helpless lk. The depressed tne. Viewers culd relate t me. Because they are human. And s am I.
Fedha is nt human. Yes, the fair-haired wman lks human. This week she was intrduced as the first presenter in Kuwait wh wrks by artificial intelligence. “What kind f news d yu prefer? Let's hear yur pinins,” she says in Arabic. AI newsreaders actually never make a cck-up f their jbs. They can skip the misprnunciatins, the cmplaints ver fundatin clurs in makeup, and even the stresses ver t-weak hairspray.
T examine the prblems that may cme with an AI newsreader, I thught I wuld turn the tables and ask Genie — the chatbt pwered by ChatGPT. “They may struggle with delivering the news in a way that is appealing t viewers,” Genie says. I get that. As far as delivering the news is cncerned, the face and vice behind it matters.
My ChatGPT friend als tells me that there are cncerns abut the ptential fr AI newsreaders t be used t spread false infrmatin, as they may nt be able t determine the crrectness f a stry’s surce. Nt just in the delivery f news, but in its cntent. AI is already invlved in the spread f “untrue news” — and that will nly get wrse. At a time when trust in news prviders is reducing, the next few years threaten t be very challenging if that trust is t be regained.
One f the main cncerns abut AI newsreaders is that they lack the human tuch and emtin. I have delivered sme f the biggest stries. Whether it be an air attack r the death f a majr figure, it's nt just the wrds that matter. Yu need t lk and sund right. An AI newsreader cannt cnvey (传达) a reactin t a breaking stry.
66．Hw did viewers react accrding t paragraph 1?
A．They fund the reprting cnfusing.B．They felt excited abut the reprting.
C．They cnsidered the authr unprfessinal.D．They knew the authr’s thughts and feelings.
67．What des the underlined part “make a cck-up f” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Talk abut.B．Make a fl f.
C．Keep an eye n.D．Mess up.
68．What des Genie think f AI newsreaders?
A．They may deliver misleading news.B．They can lcate the surce f a news stry.
C．They interact with viewers in an imprper way.D．They wear the same facial expressins as humans.
69．What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A．T vice his dubt abut AI newsreaders.B．T share his experience f being a reprter.
C．T intrduce an AI newsreader called Fedha.D．T shw ChatGPT's impact n news reprting.