重庆市2025届高三下5月全真模拟考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份重庆市2025届高三下5月全真模拟考试英语试题（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分, 满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第二部分阅读（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Barcelna has stunning architecture, delicius fd, sandy beaches, and rich histry. Here are sme f the tp picks fr visitrs:
Best Segway: Barcelna Segway Tur
Price: Adults 49 eurs; minrs (under 18) 45 eurs
Duratin: 2 — 2.5 hurs
Explre Barcelna’s waterfrnt via Segway n this 8-mile tur. Turs depart frm the Arc de Trimf multiple times each day. Tur-gers must be at least 16 years ld t participate and must present valid pht ID fr age verificatin (验证). Grups are limited t six participants.
Best Gaudi: Gaudi Free Tur
Price: Free
Duratin: 2.5 hurs
The Gaudi Free Tur highlights distinctive sites arund the city assciated with the imaginative architect Antni Gaudi. The walking tur includes stps at Palau Güell, Casa Batlló, Casa Milà, and yet-t-be-finished, Sagrada Familia, amng ther spts.
Best fr Phts: Pht Bike Tur Barcelna
Price: Adults 65 eurs; kids (under 12) 45 eurs
Duratin: 4 hurs
This electric bicycling tur cvers a lt f territry, frm the waterfrnt t parks t celebrated landmarks t varius neighbrhds with frequent stps fr phts and tips frm yur expert guide.
Best Gthic Quarter: Walking Turs Gthic Quarter
Price: Free
Duratin: 2.5 hurs
The Free Gthic Quarter Tur explres its namesake neighbrhd and weaves thrugh ppular destinatins in the city, including structures like Rman ruins, the Picass murals and Las Ramblas (Barcelna’s best-knwn bulevard), amng ther spts. Turs begin at Placa de Catalunya at 11 a.m. and 3 p.m. daily.
1. Wh will be allwed t jin the Best Segway tur?
A. A 15-year-ld with parents.B. A grup f 8 cllege students.
C. A family with tw 12-year-lds.D. A 17-year-ld teenager with ID.
2. Which tur cmbines cycling with phtgraphy advice?
A. Best Segway: Barcelna Segway Tur
B. Best Gaudi: Gaudi Free Tur
C. Best fr Phts: Pht Bike Tur Barcelna
D. Best Gthic Quarter: Walking Turs Gthic Quarter
3. What d Gaudi and Gthic Quarter turs have in cmmn?
A. Bth prvide electric bikes fr transprtatin.
B. Bth include visits t Rman-era histrical sites.
C. Bth require participants t be ver 16 years ld.
D. Bth are walking turs featuring architectural highlights.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。主要讲述巴塞罗那的四个推荐旅游项目：Segway观光游、Gaudi建筑免费游、摄影自行车游和哥特区步行游，包括每个项目的价格、时长及特色（如交通工具、景点和年龄限制等）。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Best Segway: Barcelna Segway Tur部分中“Tur-gers must be at least 16 years ld t participate and must present valid pht ID fr age verificatin (验证).(游客必须年满 16 岁才能参加此旅行，并且需要出示有效的身份证件以进行年龄核实)”可知，一位持有身份证件的17岁青少年将被允许参加最佳Best Segway Tur。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Best fr Phts: Pht Bike Tur Barcelna部分中“This electric bicycling tur cvers a lt f territry, frm the waterfrnt t parks t celebrated landmarks t varius neighbrhds with frequent stps fr phts and tips frm yur expert guide.(这次电动自行车之旅涵盖了广阔的空间，从海滨区域到公园，再到著名景点，还有各个繁华的街区。途中会多次停下来让您拍照，并听取专业导游的讲解和建议)”可知，Best fr Phts: Pht Bike Tur Barcelna将骑行与摄影建议结合在一起。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Best Gaudi: Gaudi Free Tur部分“The walking tur includes stps at Palau Güell, Casa Batlló, Casa Milà, and yet-t-be-finished, Sagrada Familia, amng ther spts.(此次步行游览将包括在瓜尔建筑群、巴特洛住宅、米拉公寓以及尚未完工的圣家堂等地的停留。此外，还有其他一些景点也会被纳入行程之中)”以及Best Gthic Quarter: Walking Turs Gthic Quarter(最佳哥特区：哥特区漫步之旅)部分中“The Free Gthic Quarter Tur explres its namesake neighbrhd and weaves thrugh ppular destinatins in the city, including structures like Rman ruins, the Picass murals and Las Ramblas (Barcelna’s best-knwn bulevard), amng ther spts.(“自由哥特区之旅”将带领您探索以该地区命名的街区，并穿梭于这座城市众多热门景点之间，其中包括罗马遗迹、毕加索壁画以及兰布拉大道（巴塞罗那最著名的街道）等景点)”可知，两者都是以建筑亮点为特色的步行游览活动。故选D。
B
When 15-year-ld Priya Jshi visited her grandparents’ pr Indian village, she was shcked t see students struggling t study under dim kersene lamps (煤油灯), which created dangerus indr air pllutin and prvided nly 1% f mdern LED’s brightness. “The smke hurt their eyes and the unstable light caused headaches,” recalls Priya, nw an engineering student at MIT. This trubling bservatin inspired her t create a slutin.
Cnsidering all kinds f specific prblems in the lcal area, Priya spent mnths explring the best way t deliver lighting slutins t students. Priya began experimenting with slar-pwered study lamps. Her breakthrugh came when she repurpsed ld schl ntebks by embedding flexible slar panels int their cvers. This dual-functin design increased light utput by 15 times cmpared t kersene lamps while reducing carbn emissins by 2 kg per unit annually. “It charges in sunlight during the day and prvides reading light at night,” she explains.
Her prject’s true creativity lay in its sustainable distributin mdel. Priya partnered with lcal wmen’s cperatives t manufacture the ntebks, creating valuable emplyment pprtunities. Meanwhile, students culd earn ntebks by cllecting recyclable materials frm their cmmunities. The results were transfrmative. “We’ve seen a 30% imprvement in schl attendance since students culd study after sunset,” reprted teacher Anika Patel.
Frm its beginnings as a simple science prject, Priya’s inventin nw brightens the lives f ver 10,000 families acrss 42 villages. An unexpected benefit emerged when village elders began using the ntebks t recrd traditinal flk tales and recipes that had previusly nly been passed dwn rally, helping preserve valuable cultural heritage.
Recently, Priya has adapted her design in cllabratin with UNICEF t help refugee children. Field tests in three refugee (难民) camps shwed the mdified versin reduced study interruptins by 65% cmpared t previus lighting slutins. “The same technlgy that assists rural students is nw supprting thse displaced by cnflict,” she ntes.
4. What directly inspired Priya’s inventin?
A. The health and study challenges she bserved.
B. A university research prject n rural educatin.
C. Her participatin in a schl science cmpetitin.
D. Her desire t experiment with mdern technlgy.
5. What was the key t Priya’s design success?
A. Using slar energy fr lighting.
B. Creating waterprf ntebk cvers.
C. Implanting slar panels int ntebks.
D. Designing ntebks with recycled materials.
6. What can be inferred abut Priya’s prblem-slving apprach?
A. It priritizes high technlgy.
B. It cmbines science with scial needs.
C. It balances creativity with financial gains.
D. It fcuses merely n envirnmental prtectin.
7. Which f the fllwing can best describe Priya?
A. Ambitius and strict.B. Patient and humrus.
C. Traditinal and cautius.D. Observant and innvative.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了15岁的Priya Jshi目睹乡村学生用煤油灯学习的困境后，发明太阳能笔记本提供照明并改善学习环境。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“When 15-year-ld Priya Jshi visited her grandparents’ pr Indian village, she was shcked t see students struggling t study under dim kersene lamps (煤油灯), which created dangerus indr air pllutin and prvided nly 1% f mdern LED’s brightness. “The smke hurt their eyes and the unstable light caused headaches,” recalls Priyanw an engineering student at MIT. This trubling bservatin inspired her t create a slutin. (15岁的Priya Jshi去拜访祖父母所在的印度贫困村庄时，震惊地发现学生们在昏暗的煤油灯下努力学习，煤油灯造成了危险的室内空气污染，亮度只有现代LED灯的1%。现在是麻省理工学院工程系学生Priya回忆说：“烟雾伤害了他们的眼睛，不稳定的光线导致头痛。”这一令人不安的观察激发了她寻找解决办法的动力)”可知，Priya观察到的健康和学习挑战直接激发了她的发明。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Her breakthrugh came when she repurpsed ld schl ntebks by embedding flexible slar panels int their cvers. (她的突破来自于她将旧笔记本重新利用，在笔记本封面中嵌入柔性太阳能电池板)”可知，Priya设计成功的关键是在笔记本中嵌入太阳能电池板。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Her breakthrugh came when she repurpsed ld schl ntebks by embedding flexible slar panels int their cvers. (她的突破来自于她将旧笔记本重新利用，在笔记本封面中嵌入柔性太阳能电池板)”和第三段中“Her prject’s true creativity lay in its sustainable distributin mdel. Priya partnered with lcal wmen’s cperatives t manufacture the ntebks, creating valuable emplyment pprtunities. Meanwhile, students culd earn ntebks by cllecting recyclable materials frm their cmmunities. (她项目的真正创意在于其可持续的分配模式。Priya与当地妇女合作社合作生产笔记本，创造了宝贵的就业机会。与此同时，学生们可以通过从社区收集可回收材料来获得笔记本)”可推知，Priya解决问题的办法将科学与社会需求相结合。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“When 15-year-ld Priya Jshi visited her grandparents’ pr Indian village, she was shcked t see students struggling t study under dim kersene lamps (煤油灯), which created dangerus indr air pllutin and prvided nly 1% f mdern LED’s brightness. “The smke hurt their eyes and the unstable light caused headaches,” recalls Priyanw an engineering student at MIT. This trubling bservatin inspired her t create a slutin. (15岁的Priya Jshi去拜访祖父母所在的印度贫困村庄时，震惊地发现学生们在昏暗的煤油灯下努力学习，煤油灯造成了危险的室内空气污染，亮度只有现代LED灯的1%。Priya回忆说:“烟雾伤害了他们的眼睛，不稳定的光线导致头痛。”现在是麻省理工学院工程系学生这一令人不安的观察激发了她寻找解决办法的动力)”以及第二段中“Her breakthrugh came when she repurpsed ld schl ntebks by embedding flexible slar panels int their cvers. (她的突破来自于她将旧笔记本重新利用，在笔记本封面中嵌入柔性太阳能电池板)”可推知，Priya是一个善于观察和创新的人。故选D。
C
Mdern eclgy has revlutinized ur understanding f frests. N lnger seen as passive cllectins f trees, they are nw recgnized as dynamic cmmunities cnnected by vast undergrund fungal (真菌的) netwrks called the “Wd Wide Web”. These cmplex mycrrhizal (菌根) systems enable trees t exchange nutrients, transmit danger signals, recgnize relatinship, and even pass n survival strategies — capabilities that redefine traditinal cncepts f plant behavir.
The mst cnvincing evidence cmes frm a 2022 Nature study in British Clumbia’s ancient frests. Researchers discvered that “mther trees” — mature Duglas firs — priritize their wn seedlings, directing 15% mre carbn t them than t unrelated yung trees. When beetles attack, the affected trees release chemical signals thrugh the fungal netwrk, reminding neighbring trees within 30 meters t activate defensive respnses within tw days — a prcess ntably similar t immune reactins in animals.
Remarkably, these fungal netwrks may als help trees “remember” past experiences. Trees that survive drughts “teach” their ffspring thrugh the fungal cnnectins, resulting in subsequent generatins develping deeper rts and mre efficient water cnservatin methds. This crss-generatinal memry, encded in exchanged prteins and chemical signals, represents a frm f cllective intelligence.
Hwever, this delicate cmmunicatin system faces serius threats. Industrial lgging destrys fungal netwrks, with studies shwing cleared areas need 15 years t recver t reestablish 60% f riginal netwrk density. Furthermre, climate change aggravates the damage: rising temperatures in Alberta have reduced mycrrhizal diversity by 30% since 2000. “We’re nt just lsing trees individually, but we’re destrying an ancient bilgical internet severely,” warns University f British Clumbia eclgist Dr. Suzanne Simard, whse 30-year research supprts these findings.
These discveries are changing hw we view frests. Sme scientists argue they shw a frm f “plant intelligence”, while legal experts debate giving frests special prtectins. Sweden has already taken actin, requiring lggers t prtect key “mther trees” t preserve the netwrk.
8. Why d the trees give ff chemical signals when attacked?
A. T identify genetic relatinships.
B. T stre drught survival strategies.
C. T infrm neighbrs f defensive preparatins.
D. T speed up the carbn transfer amng the trees.
9. What can we learn abut the “crss-generatinal memry” frm Paragraph 3?
A. It fades in a shrt time.B. It leads t prtein exchange.
C. It relies n rt-t-rt cntact.D. It helps pass dwn survival skills.
10. What des the underlined wrd “aggravates” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Analyzes.B. Wrsens.C. Recrds.D. Relieves.
11. What is the main idea f the text?
A. The intelligent netwrk amng trees.
B. The emerging threats t frest ecsystems.
C. The destructive effects f climate n frests.
D. The imprtant rle f mther trees in frests.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了现代生态学揭示森林是通过真菌网络连接的动态群落，其能交流、传递记忆，但该系统受工业伐木和气候变化威胁。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“When beetles attack, the affected trees release chemical signals thrugh the fungal netwrk, reminding neighbring trees within 30 meters t activate defensive respnses within tw days — a prcess ntably similar t immune reactins in animals.(当出现虫害时，受影响的树木会通过真菌网络释放化学信号，提醒30米范围内的相邻树木在两天内启动防御反应——这一过程与动物的免疫反应极为相似)”可知，树木在受到攻击时释放化学信号是为了通知相邻树木做好防御准备。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Remarkably, these fungal netwrks may als help trees “remember” past experiences. Trees that survive drughts “teach” their ffspring thrugh the fungal cnnectins, resulting in subsequent generatins develping deeper rts and mre efficient water cnservatin methds. This crss-generatinal memry, encded in exchanged prteins and chemical signals, represents a frm f cllective intelligence.(值得注意的是，这些真菌网络或许还能帮助树木“铭记”过往经验。熬过干旱的树木会通过菌丝网络向后代“传授”生存之道，促使新生代树木发展出更深的根系与更高效的水分保持机制。这种通过交换蛋白质和化学信号形成的“跨代记忆”，展现了一种群体智慧形态)”可知，“跨代记忆”有助于传承生存技能。故选D。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Industrial lgging destrys fungal netwrks, with studies shwing cleared areas need 15 years t recver t reestablish 60% f riginal netwrk density.(工业性伐木会破坏菌类网络结构，研究表明，被砍伐的区域需要 15 年的时间才能恢复到能够重建原始网络密度 60%的状态)”以及后文“rising temperatures in Alberta have reduced mycrrhizal diversity by 30% since 2000.(自2000年以来，艾伯塔省不断上升的气温使菌根多样性减少了30%)”可知，气候变化让这种破坏变得更糟了。故划线词aggravates意思是“变得更糟”，与B项“Wrsens”同义。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Mdern eclgy has revlutinized ur understanding f frests. N lnger seen as passive cllectins f trees, they are nw recgnized as dynamic cmmunities cnnected by vast undergrund fungal (真菌的) netwrks called the “Wd Wide Web”. These cmplex mycrrhizal (菌根) systems enable trees t exchange nutrients, transmit danger signals, recgnize relatinship, and even pass n survival strategies — capabilities that redefine traditinal cncepts f plant behavir.(它们不再被视为单纯的树木集合体，而是被视作相互关联的动态群体，这些群体通过名为“森林广域网”的庞大地下真菌网络相连。这些复杂的菌根系统使树木能够交换养分、传递危险信号、识别彼此的关系，并甚至传递生存策略——这些能力彻底改变了人们对植物行为的传统认知)”后文可知，文章主要说明了现代生态学揭示森林是通过真菌网络连接的动态群落，其能交流、传递记忆，但该系统受工业伐木和气候变化威胁，所以，这篇文章的主旨是树木之间的智能网络。故选A。
D
The bm f artificial intelligence has sparked a wave f new pssibilities, but it’s als causing fears amng many Americans abut their jbs. Recent surveys indicate grwing public anxiety, with 51% f Americans expressing cncern that AI might replace human jbs, which reflects the grundbreaking pwer f AI acrss varius industries.
Research highlights ntable differences in perceptin between experts and the general public. While 73% f respndents believe cashier psitins will decline due t AI, and 67% anticipate reductins in factry jbs, pinins vary sharply regarding truck drivers. Only 33% f the public fresees jb lsses in this sectr, cmpared t 62% f Al experts wh predict substantial impacts. This gap suggests that the public may underestimate Al's ptential t disrupt certain prfessins.
A crucial distinctin exists between traditinal autmatin and mdern Al capabilities. As Mlly Kinder frm the Brkings Institutin says, sme f these pinins are cnfusing ld autmatin with what generative AI can d. “Generative AI is nt yur grandparents’ autmatin. It’s mving up the skill chain... in ways I dn’t think the public is fully aware f.” Unlike earlier technlgies that primarily affected manufacturing, cntemprary AI can perfrm cmplex cgnitive tasks such as dcument analysis, legal research, and financial frecasting — functins traditinally assciated with white-cllar prfessinals.
Studies identify several vulnerable sectrs, including ffice administratin, legal services, and financial peratins. Hwever, researchers cautin against simplistic predictins f jb eliminatin (淘汰). Mark Mur, c-authr f a Brkings reprt, ntes, “AI is mre likely t transfrm jbs than replace them entirely.” This perspective suggests that while certain tasks may be autmated, new pprtunities fr human-AI cllabratin may emerge.
The adptin f AI has been slwer than expected in regulated fields like healthcare and law, where human judgment remains crucial. Nevertheless, as MIT prfessr Eric S bserves, “AI’s capabilities are evlving at an unprecedented pace.” Frm basic chatbts t sphisticated decisin-making systems, AI cntinues t reshape the wrkplace, creating bth challenges and pssibilities that sciety must carefully navigate.
12. Which prfessin shws the largest difference in perceptin?
A. Cashiers.B. Truck drivers.
C. Factry wrkers.D. Legal prfessinals.
13. What des Mlly Kinder emphasize abut generative AI?
A. It is limited t simple repetitive tasks.B. It primarily affects manufacturing jbs.
C. It can perfrm cmplex cgnitive tasks.D. It has been widely adpted in healthcare.
14. What is Mark Mur’s view n AI’s impact n jbs?
A. AI will create mre jbs than it eliminates.
B. AI is likely t shift rather than replace jbs.
C. AI will cmpletely replace human wrkers.
D. AI will have n significant impact n emplyment.
15. What is the authr’s attitude twards the develpment f AI?
A. Objective.B. Supprtive.
C. Dismissive.D. Dubtful.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人工智能的兴起引发新可能的同时也让美国人担忧工作，介绍了公众和专家对不同职业受影响的看法差异，还分析了人工智能对工作的影响。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“While 73% f respndents believe cashier psitins will decline due t AI, and 67% anticipate reductins in factry jbs, pinins vary sharply regarding truck drivers. Only 33% f the public fresees jb lsses in this sectr, cmpared t 62% f AI experts wh predict substantial impacts.(虽然73%的受访者认为收银员职位会因人工智能而减少，67%的人预计工厂职位会减少，但在卡车司机方面，人们的看法差异很大。只有33%的公众预计该行业会出现失业，而62%的人工智能专家预测会有重大影响)”可知，在收银员、工厂工人、卡车司机这几个职业中，公众和专家对卡车司机岗位的看法差异最大。文中未提及法律专业人员在这方面的看法差异情况。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Unlike earlier technlgies that primarily affected manufacturing, cntemprary AI can perfrm cmplex cgnitive tasks such as dcument analysis, legal research, and financial frecasting — functins traditinally assciated with white-cllar prfessinals.(与主要影响制造业的早期技术不同，当代人工智能可以执行复杂的认知任务，如文档分析、法律研究和财务预测——这些功能传统上与白领专业人员相关联)”可知，Mlly Kinder强调生成式人工智能可以执行复杂的认知任务。 故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Mark Mur, c-authr f a Brkings reprt, ntes, “AI is mre likely t transfrm jbs than replace them entirely.” (布鲁金斯学会报告的合著者Mark Mur指出：“人工智能更有可能改变工作，而不是完全取代它们。”)”可知，Mark Mur认为人工智能更有可能改变工作，而不是完全取代它们，即人工智能可能会转移而不取代工作。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。文章在第一段中“The bm f artificial intelligence has sparked a wave f new pssibilities, but it’s als causing fears amng many Americans abut their jbs. (人工智能的蓬勃发展引发了一系列新的可能性，但也在许多美国人中引发了对工作的担忧)”提到人工智能带来新机遇的同时也带来了担忧；在第四段中“Mark Mur, c-authr f a Brkings reprt, ntes, “AI is mre likely t transfrm jbs than replace them entirely.” (布鲁金斯学会报告的合著者Mark Mur指出：“人工智能更有可能改变工作，而不是完全取代它们。”)”和最后一段中“Frm basic chatbts t sphisticated decisin-making systems, AI cntinues t reshape the wrkplace, creating bth challenges and pssibilities that sciety must carefully navigate. (从基本的聊天机器人到复杂的决策系统，人工智能继续重塑工作场所，创造了社会必须谨慎应对的挑战和可能性)”提到人工智能的发展带来挑战和机遇。作者在文中既提及人工智能的积极影响，也提到其带来的问题，客观地呈现了人工智能发展带来的挑战和机遇。由此可推断作者对人工智能发展的态度是客观的。故选A。
第二节（共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In recent years, scientists have nted a rapid increase in average temperatures thrughut the cuntry. Accrding t a reprt frm the NRDC, the average temperature f the United States culd rise by as many as 11 degrees Fahrenheit (华氏度) by the end f the 21st century. This warming trend pses severe threats t human health. “ ___16___ ” the reprt states. EHE days ccur when the cmbinatin f temperature, wind speed and surface atmspheric pressure reaches hazardus levels. These cnditins can lead t heat-related deaths.
___17___ Nw, the NRDC prjects that rising EHE frequency due t climate change may lead t 150,000 deaths by 2100. The CDC ntes that elderly individuals, infants and chrnically (慢性地) ill peple are cnsidered the mst vulnerable fr heat-related deaths. The mst cmmn causes f death related t rising temperatures include the fllwing cnditins:
Heat exhaustin: It is characterized by vast sweating and a rapid heartbeat. ___18___ Other signs f heat exhaustin include dizziness, lw bld pressure and muscle cramps.
Cardivascular (心血管的) disease: Extreme heat has been linked t a higher incidence rate f cardivascular diseases and cnditins, such as strkes. Cardivascular disease is already the deadliest medical cnditin in the United States, and strkes are listed as the cuntry’s third leading cause f death.
Kidney disease: Prlnged expsure t excessively ht temperatures can lead t majr kidney prblems. ___19___ Besides, the bdy’s ability t regulate water intake may als be affected.
In additin t the human deaths, there is a significant financial impact t cnsider. "Killer Summer Heat’ discusses a heat wave that struck Califrnia in Summer 2006. Over the tw-week perid f extreme heat, 655 peple lst their lives. ___20___
A. The heatwave ultimately resulted in csts nearing $5.3 billin.
B. Finally, the heatwave was successfully vercme by jint effrts.
C. These tw symptms essentially indicate the bdy is verheating.
D. The pubic will take risks when they are expsed t high temperatures.
E. Previus EHEs have each been respnsible fr thusands f deaths and injuries.
F. It is a cnditin caused by damaged kidney tissue and has been linked t lng-term diseases.
G. The risks t public health are greatest when high temperatures cause what’s knwn as an EHE.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. C 19. F 20. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章指出美国平均气温上升，高温引发的EHE对公众健康危害大，还会导致多种疾病甚至死亡，此外高温还会造成重大经济损失。
【16题详解】
下文“EHE days ccur when the cmbinatin f temperature, wind speed and surface atmspheric pressure reaches hazardus levels.(当温度、风速和地表大气压力的组合达到危险水平时，就会出现EHE日)”对EHE(极端高温事件)的成因进行了说明。G选项“The risks t public health are greatest when high temperatures cause what’s knwn as an EHE.(当高温引发所谓的EHE时，对公众健康的风险最大)”引出了EHE(极端高温事件)这一概念，与下文对EHE的介绍相呼应。故选G项。
【17题详解】
下文“Nw, the NRDC prjects that rising EHE frequency due t climate change may lead t 150,000 deaths by 2100.(现在，美国自然资源保护委员会预测，由于气候变化导致极端高温事件频率上升，到2100年可能会导致15万人死亡)”提到了未来EHE可能导致的死亡人数。E选项“Previus EHEs have each been respnsible fr thusands f deaths and injuries.(以往的极端高温事件每次都造成了数千人伤亡)”说明过去EHE也造成了大量伤亡，与下文未来EHE可能导致的死亡情况形成呼应。故选E项。
【18题详解】
上文“Heat exhaustin: It is characterized by vast sweating and a rapid heartbeat.(中暑：其特征是大量出汗和心跳加速)”描述了中暑的两个症状。C选项“These tw symptms essentially indicate the bdy is verheating.(这两个症状本质上表明身体过热)”对上文提到的两个症状进行总结，说明这两个症状意味着身体过热，与上文衔接紧密。故选C项。
【19题详解】
上文“Prlnged expsure t excessively ht temperatures can lead t majr kidney prblems.(长期暴露在过高的温度下会导致严重的肾脏问题)”指出高温会导致肾脏问题。F选项“It is a cnditin caused by damaged kidney tissue and has been linked t lng term diseases.(这是一种由肾组织受损引起的状况，且与长期疾病有关)”进一步解释了肾脏问题的成因以及与长期疾病的关联，与上文话题一致。故选F项。
【20题详解】
上文“Over the tw week perid f extreme heat, 655 peple lst their lives.(在两周的极端高温期间，有655人丧生)”描述了2006年加利福尼亚州热浪造成的人员伤亡情况。A选项“The heatwave ultimately resulted in csts nearing $5.3 billin.(这场热浪最终造成了近53亿美元的损失)”说明了热浪造成的经济损失，与上文提到的人员伤亡情况共同说明了热浪的影响。故选A项。
第三部分语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Having a child that is nnverbal r speech-delayed can be frustrating. It’s als heartbreaking t see them interact with ther children but ____21____ t express their full selves. S, when a child with autism (自闭症) makes their first language ____22____, it’s a significant mment.
Phtgrapher Haley MeGuire shared her sn Micah’s wnderful achievement in the Fall f 2020, and the ____23____ vide gt likes ver 730,000 times. Tday, the vide, which stays ____24____ at the tp f McGuire’s page, has been shared nearly 30,000 times and still ____25____ attentin and affectin frm fllwers and viewers.
The first vide was f Micah repeating the ____26____ f his family members as they cheer in the backgrund. Every time Micah gets a name right, he ____27____ in excitement and beams (笑容满面) with pure ___28___. “Micah has always been a really sweet, tender-hearted, quiet kid,” MeGuire said. “He desn’t talk much and always ____29____ himself. Hwever, he’s always been extremely ____30____ and caring. I knw that’s nt necessarily ____31____ fr kids with autism.”
The vides have ____32____ a lt f peple’s hearts nline and have been ____33____ f inspiratin fr the MeGuire family. But, maybe the best part is that they als give hpe t families f children with autism, especially thse wh ____34____ fr the day they can hear their child first ____35____.
21. A. vlunteerB. intendC. failD. wait
22. A. barrierB. chiceC. breakthrughD. prfit
23. A. inspiringB. disturbingC. amusingD. appealing
24. A. wrappedB. infrmedC. typedD. fixed
25. A. wastesB. requiresC. deservesD. secures
26. A. prizesB. namesC. laughsD. greetings
27. A. buncesB. wrestlesC. stretchesD. wanders
28. A. prideB. inncenceC. guiltD. regret
29. A. laughs atB. knws abutC. keeps tD. cares fr
30. A. utgingB. affectinateC. fashinableD. generus
31. A. prperB. memrableC. gradualD. nrmal
32. A. brkenB. warmedC. frzenD. treated
33. A. surceB. trickC. causeD. methd
34. A. fightB. lngC. makeD. search
35. A. screamB. weepC. speakD. interpret
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了自闭症儿童Micah的语言突破及其视频带来的积极影响。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到他们与其他孩子互动却无法充分表达自己，也令人心碎。A. vlunteered自愿；B. intended打算；C. failed未能；D. waited等待。根据前文“Having a child that is nnverbal r speech-delayed can be frustrating”可知，孩子们有语言障碍，所以这些孩子无法充分表达自己，fail t d sth.表示“未能做某事”。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，当一个自闭症儿童第一次取得语言突破时，这是一个重要的时刻。A. barrier障碍；B. chice选择；C. breakthrugh突破；D. prfit利润。根据后文“it’s a significant mment”可知，自闭症儿童第一次取得语言突破是一个重要的时刻。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：摄影师Haley MeGuire在2020年秋天分享了她儿子Micah的精彩成就，这段鼓舞人心的视频获得了超过73万次的点赞。A. inspiring鼓舞人心的；B. disturbing令人不安的；C. amusing有趣的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据后文“gt likes ver 730,000 times”可知，这段视频鼓舞人心，获得了大量点赞。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，这段视频一直固定在MeGuire主页的顶部，已被分享了近3万次，仍然吸引着粉丝和观众的关注和喜爱。A. wrapped包裹；B. infrmed通知；C. typed打字；D. fixed固定。根据后文“at the tp f McGuire’s page”可知，这段视频一直固定在MeGuire主页的顶部。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. wastes浪费；B. requires需要；C. deserves值得；D. secures获得。根据后文“attentin and affectin frm fllwers and viewers”可知，这段视频仍然吸引着粉丝和观众的关注和喜爱，secure attentin and affectin表示“获得关注和喜爱”。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一段视频是Micah在家人欢呼时重复他们的名字。A. prizes奖品；B. names名字；C. laughs笑声；D. greetings问候。根据后文“Every time Micah gets a name right”可知，Micah重复的是名字。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次Micah答对一个名字，他都会兴奋地蹦蹦跳跳，脸上洋溢着纯真的自豪。A. bunces蹦跳；B. wrestles摔跤；C. stretches伸展；D. wanders徘徊。根据后文“in excitement”可知，Micah兴奋地蹦蹦跳跳。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. pride自豪；B. inncence纯真；C. guilt内疚；D. regret遗憾。根据前文“beams with pure”及成功后的反应可知，Micah脸上洋溢着纯真的自豪是因为他觉得自己成功了。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：“他不太说话，总是很安静。”MeGuire说。A. laughs at嘲笑；B. knws abut了解；C. keeps t保持，遵守；D. cares fr关心。根据前文“He desn’t talk much”可知，Micah不太说话，总是很安静，keep t neself表示“保持沉默，不与人交往”。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，他一直非常深情和体贴。A. utging外向的；B. affectinate深情的；C. fashinable时尚的；D. generus慷慨的。根据后文“and caring”可知，空处应与“体贴的”情感色彩一致，“深情的” 符合语境。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道这对自闭症儿童来说并不一定正常。A. prper适当的；B. memrable难忘的；C. gradual逐渐的；D. nrmal正常的。根据前文“I knw that’s nt necessarily”以及后文“fr kids with autism”可知，MeGuire知道这种温柔体贴的性格对自闭症儿童来说并不一定常见。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些视频在网上温暖了许多人的心，也成为激励MeGuire一家的灵感来源。A. brken打破；B. warmed温暖；C. frzen冻结；D. treated对待。根据后文“a lt f peple’s hearts nline”可知，这些视频在网上温暖了许多人的心。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. surce来源；B. trick诡计；C. cause原因；D. methd方法。根据后文“f inspiratin fr the MeGuire family”可知，这些视频也成为激励MeGuire一家的灵感来源。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但也许最好的部分是，它们也给自闭症儿童的家庭带来了希望，尤其是那些渴望听到孩子第一次说话的家庭。A. fight战斗；B. lng渴望；C. make制作；D. search搜索。根据后文“fr the day they can hear their child first”可知，这些家庭渴望听到孩子第一次说话。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. scream尖叫；B. weep哭泣；C. speak说话；D. interpret解释。根据前文“Having a child that is nnverbal r speech-delayed can be frustrating.”以及后文“they can hear their child first”可知，孩子们有语言障碍，所以这些家庭渴望听到孩子第一次说话。故选C。
第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At 15, Gu Shanqiuyun made a decisin t attend middle schl in the United States, and eight years later, made an even ___36___ (brave) decisin t return t China and start her career in the cuntryside. Unlike peple in her parents’ generatin, ___37___ desired t mve t cities r g abrad, Gu and her husband chse ___38___ (pursue) their dreams in picturesque Tangjiazhuang village in Huangshan city, Anhui prvince.
Gu studied business at Bentley University in the US befre ___39___ (cntinue) Asian arts at the Stheby’s Institute f Art. ___40___ ne f the yung Chinese wh have returned frm verseas, she is determined t pursue her dream after study. The number f students returning t China ___41___ (grw) significantly since 2012, with abut 3.4 millin having returned, r mre than 80 percent f the peple wh have studied abrad.
Accrding t ___42___ survey f 1,281 peple aged 15 t 35 acrss China by 2021 Glbal Times, the prprtin f thse wh view Western cuntries as ___43___ (equal) has increased by 6 percentage pints ver the past five years, ___44___ the percentage f thse wh lk up t the West has drpped frm 37.2 t 8.1.
Gu acknwledges the benefits f educatin in Western cuntries, where ___45___ (culture), athletic and scientific activities help develp students’ skills and leadership. Hwever, she finds that life in China ffers greater safety and mre efficient daily cnveniences.
【答案】36. braver 37. wh 38. t pursue 39. cntinuing 40. As 41. has grwn 42. a 43. equals 44. while 45. cultural
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了郭山秋韵从美国求学到回国返乡追梦，展现新一代留学生价值选择的转变历程。
【36题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：15岁时，郭山秋韵决定去美国读中学，8年后，她做出了一个更勇敢的决定——回到中国，在农村开始自己的事业。根据空前“even”可知，此处隐含与之前决定的比较，应用形容词比较级，brave的比较级为braver。故填braver。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：与她父母那一代人不同，他们渴望搬到城市或出国，郭和她的丈夫选择在风景如画的安徽省黄山市汤家庄村追寻自己的梦想。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“peple in her parents’ generatin”，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词wh引导。故填wh。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：与她父母那一代人不同，他们渴望搬到城市或出国，郭和她的丈夫选择在风景如画的安徽省黄山市汤家庄村追寻自己的梦想。chse t d sth.为固定搭配，意为“选择做某事”，空处应用动词不定式。故填t pursue。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：郭在美国Bentley大学学习商业，之后在苏富比艺术学院继续学习亚洲艺术。befre为介词，后接动名词作宾语。故填cntinuing。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：作为从海外归来的年轻中国人之一，她决心在学业完成后追求自己的梦想。根据句意可知，此处表示“作为”，应用介词as，位于句首，首字母大写。故填As。
【41题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自2012年以来，回国学生人数显著增加，约有340万人回国，占出国留学人员的80%以上。根据时间状语“since 2012”可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语“The number f students”为单数，助动词应用has。故填has grwn。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：根据《环球时报》2021年对中国1281名15至35岁人群的调查，过去五年中，认为西方国家平等的人的比例增加了6个百分点，而崇拜西方的人的比例从37.2%下降到了8.1%。survey为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一项调查”，且survey发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【43题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：根据《环球时报》2021年对中国1281名15至35岁人群的一项调查显示，过去五年中，将西方国家视为平等对象的人群比例上升了6个百分点，而仰望西方的人群比例则从37.2%降至8.1%。 意为“将……视为……”，as后接名词作宾语，equal 表示“平等的国家/对象”，应用复数形式equals表示泛指。故填equals。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：根据《环球时报》2021年对中国1281名15至35岁人群的一项调查显示，过去五年中，将西方国家视为平等对象的人群比例上升了6个百分点，而仰望西方的人群比例则从37.2%降至8.1% 。根据句意可知，前后句之间为对比关系，应用while连接，表示“而”。故填while。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：郭承认西方国家教育的益处，那里的文化、体育和科学活动有助于培养学生的技能和领导力。空处与athletic、scientific并列修饰名词activities，应用形容词cultural作定语。故填cultural。
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你校将举办2025年国际文化周（Internatinal Culture Week）活动，请给外教Dr. Brwn写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 介绍活动具体内容；
2. 邀请其做一个主题讲座；
注意：
1. 写作词数应为100个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Dr. Brwn,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Dr. Brwn,
I’m Li Hua. On behalf f the Student Unin, I am excited t invite yu t participate in ur upcming 2025 Internatinal Culture Week, which aims t prmte cultural diversity and fster glbal awareness amng ur students.
The week-lng event, scheduled fr next week, will feature varius activities. It includes a cultural exhibitin shwcasing traditinal cstumes and handicrafts frm different cuntries, student perfrmances featuring internatinal music and dances, and interactive wrkshps where participants can learn varius cultural skills. We sincerely hpe yu culd deliver a 45-minute lecture n “Cultural Differences in Educatin” r any ther tpic yu find apprpriate.
Yur presence at the activity will surely make it mre significant. Lking frward t yur early reply!
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was an Art lessn. Rachel sat at the desk watching her classmates busy preparing the water jars and paints. She understd why Mrs. Westn asked her t sit dwn and gt Lisa t fetch everything fr her. It was always a disaster when Rachel tried t d Art!
Rachel sighed and reached ut t dip her brush in sme black paint and—h, n! She kncked ver the jar. The water spread acrss the desk and drwned the paper. Lisa called Mrs. Westn t see what Rachel had dne. Rachel went red in the face. She jumped t her feet t get a clth. Her chair fell ver backwards. She turned rund and her paintbrush caught Lisa acrss the face, giving her a black mustache. Lisa was s surprised that she fell back against a wire bk stand. It came crashing dwn and the bks went all ver the flr.
Hw clumsy! Rachel thught as she went hme n the bus. The bus stpped utside her huse. She jumped up and her elbw kncked a wman’s hat right ver her eyes. Oh, n! Rachel said srry, gt ff and ran indrs. Mum wasn’t in the kitchen but lay in bed as she caught an awful cld. Rachel ffered t make a cup f tea but Mum wuld rather wait fr Dad. Rachel sighed. She understd Mum was afraid she wuld spill(溅出)it.
“But wuld yu g t Mrs. Willw fr sme cld cure?” asked Mum. Rachel turned t the dr at nce. “But Rachel, Mrs. Willw’s huse is full f beautiful things, s if she asks yu t cme in, yu’d better say n.” Rachel sighed and ran ut.
Mrs. Willw was an ld lady with white hair and sharp blue eyes living in an ld huse. She pened the dr and invited her in. Rachel said why she came and that she preferred t wait utside remembering her mther’s warning. Mrs. Willw insisted Rachel cme inside. Rachel tk a deep breath and stepped in. She lked rund Mrs. Willw’s sitting rm and saw at nce why Mum had been wrried.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
There were beautiful things everywhere — pretty china figures and delicate vases.
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With a smile, Mrs. Willw cmfrted her saying it had been brken befre.
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【参考范文】
There were beautiful things everywhere — pretty vases and pts. Rachel std very still, afraid f kncking smething ver. Mrs Willw handed Rachel a small brwn bttle. Rachel culdn’t wait t get away, feeling any minute there wuld be a disaster. She thanked Mrs Willw and turned t the dr when smething brushed against her leg. Rachel was s surprised that she jumped backwards. It was a cat! But her elbw hit a vase and it fell t the flr, brken. Hw awkward!
With a smile Mrs Willw cmfrted her saying it had been brken befre. Rachel sighed and stared at her guiltily. “I did, when I was yung. Yu culdn’t have been as clumsy as I was,” Mrs Willw said, her sharp blue eyes shining. “Keep telling yurself yu are a swan and it will wrk.” Rachel dubtfully said that several times. After they cleared up the brken vase, they drank tea frm china cups and ate cakes ff delicate plates and Rachel didn’t break anther thing. It was a kind f magic. Rachel smiled.