【04-暑假培优练】04 动词-ing形式作宾语和表语 选修一 Unit 4 -2025年新高二英语暑假衔接讲练 (人教版)（含答案）

这是一份【04-暑假培优练】04 动词-ing形式作宾语和表语 选修一 Unit 4 -2025年新高二英语暑假衔接讲练 (人教版)（含答案），文件包含04-暑假培优练04动词-ing形式作宾语和表语选修一Unit4教师版-2025年新高二英语暑假衔接讲练人教版docx、04-暑假培优练04动词-ing形式作宾语和表语选修一Unit4学生版-2025年新高二英语暑假衔接讲练人教版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共22页， 欢迎下载使用。
考点一、动词-ing形式作宾语和表语的用法
考点二、动词-ing形式作宾语和表语应注意的问题
考点三、动词-ing形式作主语&动词-ing形式作宾语和表语的异同
☛第二层 能力培优练
精选各地综合性练习题，帮助学生能力提升与培优
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最新高考真题操练相关知识点，助力学生取得更大突破
动词-ing形式作宾语和表语的用法
【知识积累·练前热身】
（一）动词 -ing 形式作宾语
1. 接动词 -ing 形式作宾语的动词及短语
常见的动词有：admit（承认），appreciate（感激），avid（避免），cnsider（考虑），delay（推迟），deny（否认），enjy（喜欢），escape（逃脱），excuse（原谅），fancy（想象），finish（完成），frgive（原谅），imagine（想象），keep（保持），mind（介意），miss（错过），practise（练习），resist（抵抗），risk（冒险），suggest（建议）等。
例如：He admitted making a mistake.（他承认犯了一个错误。）
短语有：can't help（禁不住），feel like（想要），give up（放弃），put ff（推迟）等。
例如：She can't help laughing.（她禁不住笑了起来。）
2. 动词 -ing 形式作宾语的复合结构
当动词 -ing 形式作宾语时，其逻辑主语可以是句子的主语，也可以是带有物主代词或名词所有格的其他成分。
例如：I dn't mind him/his cming late.（我不介意他迟到。）
（二）动词 -ing 形式作表语
1. 表示抽象概念或特征
动词 -ing 形式作表语时，通常用来表示主语所具有的特征、性质或状态，是一种抽象的概念。
例如：The stry is really interesting.（这个故事真的很有趣。）这里 “interesting” 作表语，说明 “the stry” 具有 “有趣” 的性质。
2. 与进行时态的区别
作表语时，它是对主语的一种描述；而在进行时态中，它表示正在进行的动作。
例如：The film is mving.（这部电影很感人。）（表语）
The girl is mving the desk.（那个女孩正在搬桌子。）（进行时态）
（一）单选题
1.I really enjy ______ t music n weekends.
A. listen B. listening C. t listen D. listened
2.The bk is wrth ______. It's very educatinal.
A. read B. reading C. t read D. being read
3.Her hbby is ______ stamps. She has a large cllectin.
A. cllect B. cllected C. t cllect D. cllecting
4.They avid ______ the same mistake again.
A. make B. t make C. making D. made
5.The speech was s ______ that many peple were deeply mved.
A. inspiring B. inspired C. inspire D. t inspire
（二）填空题
1.I can't help ______ (laugh) when I watch the cmedy.（用所给词的正确形式填空）
2.She suggested ______ (g) t the park fr a picnic.（用所给词的正确形式填空）
3.His jb is ______ (lk) after the ld peple in the nursing hme.（用所给词的正确形式填空）
4.They kept ______ (talk) until midnight.（用所给词的正确形式填空）
5.The mvie seems ______ (be) very exciting.（用所给词的正确形式填空）
动词-ing形式作宾语和表语应注意的问题
【知识积累·练前热身】
（一）作宾语时的特殊情况
1. 有些动词后既可以接动词 -ing 形式，也可以接不定式，但意义不同
remember t d sth.（记得去做某事），remember ding sth.（记得做过某事）
frget t d sth.（忘记去做某事），frget ding sth.（忘记做过某事）
stp t d sth.（停下来去做另一件事），stp ding sth.（停止正在做的事）
例如：I remembered t lck the dr.（我记得去锁门了。）
I remembered lcking the dr.（我记得锁过门了。）
2. 动词 -ing 形式作宾语时的时态和语态
动词 -ing 形式有一般式（ding）、完成式（having dne）和被动式（being dne）。在作宾语时，根据语境和语义选择合适的形式。
例如：He denied having seen the man.（他否认见过那个人。）（完成式，表示在否认之前已经完成的动作）
I appreciate being invited t the party.（我感激被邀请参加派对。）（被动式，表示 “我” 是被邀请的对象）
（二）作表语时的逻辑关系
1. 表语与主语的一致性
动词 -ing 形式作表语时，其语义要与主语在逻辑上保持一致，即表语所描述的特征要符合主语的性质。
例如：The news is surprising.（这个消息令人惊讶。）“surprising” 与 “the news” 在逻辑上是相符的，消息具有令人惊讶的特征。
2. 与系动词的搭配
常见的与动词 -ing 形式作表语搭配的系动词有 be，lk，sund，smell，taste，feel 等。
例如：The dish smells delicius.（这道菜闻起来很香。）“delicius” 作表语，与系动词 “smell” 搭配，描述 “the dish” 的特征。
（一）单选题
1.I remember ______ the dr, but it's pen nw. Maybe smene else pened it.
A. lck B. t lck
C. lcking D. lcked
2.He regretted ______ s much time playing cmputer games.
A. waste B. t waste
C. wasting D. wasted
3.The prblem ______ at the meeting yesterday is f great imprtance.
A. discussed B. discussing
C. discuss D. t discuss
4.The fd smells ______. It must be delicius.
A. well B. gd
C. nicely D. wnderfully
5.I stpped ______ a rest because I was t tired.
A. have B. t have
C. having D. had
（二）改错题
1.I frget tell him the news.（错误之处并改正）
_________________________________________________________________
2.The windw needs repair.（错误之处并改正）
_________________________________________________________________
3.The stry is excited.（错误之处并改正）
_________________________________________________________________
4.She is busy t prepare fr the exam.（错误之处并改正）
_________________________________________________________________
5.I lk frward t see yu sn.（错误之处并改正）
_________________________________________________________________
动词-ing形式作主语&动词-ing形式作宾语和表语的异同
【知识积累·练前热身】
（一）相同点
1. 形式相同
无论是作主语还是作宾语、表语，动词 -ing 形式的构成都是在动词原形后加 -ing。
例如：Swimming（作主语：Swimming is gd fr health. 游泳对健康有益。）
作宾语：I enjy swimming. 我喜欢游泳。
作表语：The activity is swimming. 这个活动是游泳。
2. 都具有名词特征
在句子中都可以相当于一个名词的作用，作主语时是动作的执行者或行为的主体；作宾语时是动作的对象；作表语时是对主语的一种说明或描述，具有一定的抽象性和概括性。
（二）不同点
1. 在句子中的位置和功能不同
作主语时，位于句首，是句子的核心成分之一，决定句子的主要内容和语义方向。
例如：Reading bks widens ur knwledge.（读书拓宽我们的知识。）“Reading bks” 作为主语，引出 “拓宽知识” 这一结果。
作宾语时，位于及物动词或介词之后，是动作的承受者或对象。
例如：He likes painting.（他喜欢绘画。）“painting” 作宾语，是 “likes” 这个动作的对象。
作表语时，位于系动词之后，用来描述主语的特征、状态或性质。
例如：The mvie is bring.（这部电影很无聊。）“bring” 作表语，描述 “the mvie” 的性质。
2. 与谓语动词的关系不同
作主语时，谓语动词的形式要根据主语的单复数以及句子的时态等因素来确定，一般情况下，动词 -ing 形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
例如：Running in the mrning helps keep fit.（早晨跑步有助于保持健康。）“helps” 是谓语动词，与主语 “Running in the mrning” 保持主谓一致。
作宾语时，它与及物动词或介词构成动宾或介宾结构，是谓语动词的一部分。
例如：She is afraid f speaking in public.（她害怕在公众场合讲话。）“speaking” 作宾语，与 “is afraid f” 构成谓语部分。
作表语时，与系动词共同构成谓语，说明主语的情况。
例如：The weather is getting clder.（天气正在变冷。）“getting clder” 作谓语，其中 “getting” 是动词 -ing 形式作表语，与系动词 “is” 一起说明 “the weather” 的状态变化。
（一）单选题
1.______ is a gd frm f exercise fr bth yung and ld.
A. Walk B. Walking C. T walk D. Walked
2.I like ______ in the river in summer. It makes me feel cl.
A. swim B. swimming C. t swim D. swam
3.The mst imprtant thing is ______ healthy.
A. t keep B. keep C. keeping D. kept
4.______ English well requires a lt f practice.
A. Speak B. T speak C. Speaking D. Spken
5.The result f the test is ______ disappinting.
A. real B. realize
C. reality D. really
（二）单句语法填空题
1.______ (write) diaries in English is a gd way t imprve ur writing skills.（用所给词的正确形式填空）
2.She hates ______ (d) the husewrk, but she has t.（用所给词的正确形式填空）
3.The main task is ______ (finish) the prject n time.（用所给词的正确形式填空）
4.______ (sing) in the chir gives her a lt f pleasure.（用所给词的正确形式填空）
5.I dn't mind ______ (wait) fr a while.（用所给词的正确形式填空）
一、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所给单词的正确形式。
Just like 1 (speak) language, bdy language varies frm culture 2 culture. The crucial thing is using bdy language in a way 3 is apprpriate t the culture yu are in. Fr example, making eye cntact in sme 4 (cuntry) is a way t display interest, while men and wmen are nt 5 (scial) permitted t make eye cntact in many Middle Eastern cuntries. Als, yu shuld avid 6 (make) a gesture f “OK” in Brazil and Germany as it is nt cnsidered plite.
In many cuntries, shaking ne’s head means “n” and 7 (nd) ne’s head means “yes”. By cmparisn, the gestures have 8 ppsite meaning in Bulgaria and suthern Albania.
Smiling has many different uses. A smile can help us get 9 difficult situatins, find friends in a wrld f strangers r break dwn barriers. If we’re feeling dwn r lnely, there’s nthing 10 (gd) than seeing the smiling face f a gd friend.
语法填空
Abut three years ag, I experienced smething unfrgettable. One day, my tw brthers and I were returning frm an island trip when we were suddenly 1 (trap) by a terrible strm. A huge wave hit ur bat, and my yunger brther 2 (fall) int the sea. With the wind and waves pushing us, we were being swept in the 3 (direct) f a whirlpl.
As we apprached the edge f the whirlpl, I felt strangely 4 (calm) than befre. Suddenly, we went ver the edge, and fr a mment, I thught my life was ver. 5 , I was still safe. The bat was caught inside the whirlpl, and we were spinning arund at great speed.
I nticed that heavier bjects in the whirlpl sank mre quickly than lighter nes. I tried t make my brther 6 (understand) that we needed t act quickly, but he was t frightened 7 (and) stayed in the bat. Withut 8 (wait), I jumped int the sea t try and escape.
Sme time after I left the bat with my brther still in it, it 9 (pull) int the bttm f the whirlpl. Just then, the sky cleared, the wind calmed, and the mn began t shine. In the end, a rescue bat picked me up, and I was safe.
This experience taught me a valuable lessn abut life. It is imprtant t stay calm and think clearly in difficult situatins. Often, ur attitude 10 (determine) hw we respnd t challenges and difficulties. Peple wh remain psitive and fcused n slutins tend t vercme bstacles mre easily than thse wh give in t fear and negativity.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Different cultures cmmunicate in very different ways. In Asia, peple use 1 (variety) f bdy language, facial expressins, and silence 2 (express) meaning. In the West, speaking directly is nt nly nrmal but valued. Peple place 3 (much) fcus n the actual wrds being used than n nnverbal cues (暗示),
In China, it is cmmn fr smene t smile when they dn’t understand smething. This culd be 4 (cnfuse) fr a Westerner wh might think this means the listener understands and agrees with 5 is being said.
Anther cmmunicative feature, 6 is viewed differently acrss the wrld, is interruptin. Hwever, in sme African cuntries, it is viewed as a means t jin and 7 (active) participate in the cnversatin.
Even within 8 same cntinent, manners can vary frm culture t culture. Fr example, in the UK, it is very cmmn t say “please” and “thank yu” t smene 9 (serve) yu in a shp r restaurant, but in Spain, these terms 10 (hear) less ften.
一、阅读理解
（2024·浙江·高考真题）Tm Sawyer Play Is an Adventure
A 35-minute hand-clapping, ft-stmping musical versin f a Mark Twain favrite returns with this Tall Stacks festival.
“Tm Sawyer: A River Adventure” has all the gd stuff, including the fence painting, the graveyard, the island and the cave. It is adapted by Je McDnugh, with music by David Kisr. That’s the lcal stage writing team that creates many f the Children’s Theatre f Cincinnati’s riginal musicals, alng with the hliday family musicals at Ensemble Theatre.
This year Nathan Turner f Burlingtn is Tm Sawyer, and Rbbie McMath f Frt Mitchell is Huck Finn.
Tumer, a 10th-grader at Schl fr Creative and Perfrming Arts, is a familiar presence n Cincinnati’s stages. He is a star act r f Children’s Theatre, having played leading rles in “The Legend f Sleepy Hllw” and “The Wizard f Oz,” and is fresh frm Jersey Prductin “Ragtime”.
McMath is a junir at Beechwd High Schl. He was in the cast f “Tm Sawyer” when it was first perfrmed and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shws t his credit. This summer he attended Kentucky’s Gvernr’s Schl fr the Arts in Musical Theatre.
Nte t teachers: Children’s Theatre has a study guide demnstrating hw math and science can be taught thrugh “Tm Sawyer.” Fr dwnladable lessns, visit the fficial website f Children’s Theatre.
1．Wh wrte the music fr “Tm Sawyer: A River Adventure”?
A．David Kisr.B．Je McDnugh.
C．Nathan Turner.D．Rbbie McMath.
2．What can we learn abut the tw actrs?
A．They study in the same schl.B．They wrked tgether in ”Ragtime“.
C．They are experienced n stage.D．They became friends ten years ag.
3．What des Children’s Theatre prvide fr teachers?
A．Research funding.B．Training pprtunities.
C．Technical supprt.D．Educatinal resurces.
二、语法填空
（2023·全国·高考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Fr thusands f years, peple have tld fables (寓言) SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 1 (teach) a lessn r t pass n wisdm. Fables were part f the ral traditin f many early cultures, and the well-knwn Aesp’s fables date t the SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 2 (six) century, B．C． Yet, the frm f the fable still has values tday, SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 3 Rachel Carsn says in “A Fable fr Tmrrw.”
Carsn uses a simple, direct style cmmn t fable. In fact, her style and tne (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was nce a twn in the heart f America, SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 4 all life seemed t enjy peaceful existence with its surrundings,” her fable begins, SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 5 (brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables. Behind the simple style, hwever, is a serius message SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 6 (intend) fr everyne.
SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 7 (difference) frm traditinal fables, Carsn’s stry ends with an accusatin instead f a mral. She warns f the envirnmental dangers facing sciety, and she teaches that peple must take respnsibility SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 8 saving their envirnment.
The themes f traditinal fables ften deal with simple truths abut everyday life. Hwever, Carsn’s theme is a mre weighty SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 9 (warn) abut envirnmental destructin. Carsn prves that a simple literal frm that has been passed dwn thrugh the ages can still SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 10 (emply) tday t draw attentin t imprtant truths.
SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ b \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ c \* MERGEFORMAT 三、书信写作
（2023·全国·高考真题） 假定你是李华，外教Ryan准备将学生随机分为两人一组，让大家课后练习口语，你认为这样分组存在问题。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 说明问题；
2. 提出建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ryan,
I’m Li Hua frm Class 3. __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua