外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册Unit 1-6重点单词+短语+知识点 汇编（含6套单元测试卷及答案）

这是一份外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册Unit 1-6重点单词+短语+知识点 汇编（含6套单元测试卷及答案），共169页。
外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册Unit 1-Unit 6重点单词+短语+知识点 汇编unit 1. A new start第一组senior.adj.（地位，水平，级别）高的，高级的；年纪大的→n.较…….年长的人→n.职位较低者短语常见搭配：be senior to sb. 比……级别高；比….年长be……years senior to sb./be senior to sb. By…years. 比……年长…..岁。反义词：be junior to sb.比….级别低，比…..年幼curious.adj.好奇的；稀奇古怪的→n. curiosity.好奇心→adv. curiously.好奇地短语常见搭配：be curious about…… 对……好奇be curious to know/see/hear…… 很想知道/看到/听到…….a curious look 好奇的表情it is curious that……. ……真是奇怪。out of curiosity 出于好奇With curiosity 好奇地satisfy one’s curiosity 满足……的好奇心ask….curiously 好奇地问….curiously enough 说来也怪impression. n.印象，感想→vt. impress.使印象深刻→adj. 令人钦佩的，给人印象深刻的短语常见搭配：make /give an impression of…. 给人……的印象.give sb. a/an……impression 给某人…….的印象leave a deep/lasting impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻的/持久的印象have/get a good/bad/deep impression of sb/sth. 对某人/某事有好的/坏的/深刻的印象one’s first impression of sb/sth. 对某人/某事的第一印象a general impression 总体印象impress sb with sth. ……给某人留下深刻印象be impressed with/by… 对……印象深刻(be)under the impression that…… 以为…….；（通常指）误认为……tradition. n.传统，习俗→traditional. adj. 传统的→traditionally. adv.传统地短语常见搭配：follow a tradition 遵循传统by tradition 根据传统习俗a traditional custom 传统习俗it is traditional (for sb.) to do sth. （对某人来说）做….是一种传统.moment. n.某一刻，片刻短语：at the moment. 目前，此刻from that moment on. 从那时起for a moment. 片刻，一会儿（表一段时间）in a moment. 马上，很快at this/that moment. 就在这时/那时the moment(that)….. 一…..就……（相当于as soon as,引导时间状语从句）explore. v.探险，考察，探究，勘探→n. explorer. 探险者→n. exploration.探索，探险，探究短语：explore the possibility of….. 探讨…..的可能性explore for oil/gold. 勘探石油/黄金explore space. 探索太空explore carefully/fully/deeply. 仔细/全面/深入探究the exploration of…… 对……的探索oil exploration. 石油勘探eager. adj.热切的，渴望的→adv. eagerly. 热切地，渴望地→n. eagerness.渴望，短语：in one’s eagerness to do sth. 某人渴望做…；某人急于做…..hide one’s eagerness. 掩饰….的渴望.with eagerness. 热切地be eager for…. 渴望得到…..be eager to do….. 渴望做……organize. v. 组织，整理→n. organization/organization. 组织，团体；机构→adj. organised. 有组织的，有条理的→n. organiser. 组织者短语：oaganise one’s thought. 理一理思绪the World Trade Organization（WTO） 世界贸易组织 well/badly organized. 组织良好的/很糟的breathe. v.呼吸→n. breath. 呼出的气，吸入的气；一口气→adj. breathless.气喘吁吁的，喘不过气来的→adv. breathlessly.气喘吁吁地短语：take a deep breath. 深呼吸hold one’s breath. 屏住呼吸；屏息以待out of breath. 喘不过气来catch one’s breath. 歇口气/缓一口气a bit/a little breathless. 有点儿喘不过气来。breathe a sigh of relief. 松一口气breathe in/out. 吸入气体/呼出气体.panic. n.惊恐，惊慌→v. panic.（使）恐慌，使惊慌失措短语：in (a) panic. 惊慌地，在惊慌中.a moment of panic. 一时惊慌.get into a panic. 陷入恐慌（表动作）panic buying/selling. 恐慌性购买/抛售panic sb. into doing sth. 使…仓促做…. challenge. n.挑战→v. challenge.向……挑战→adj. challenging.富有挑战性的→n. challenger. 挑战者短语：face a challenge. 面对挑战.accept/take up a challenge. 接受挑战meet a challenge. 迎接挑战.meet the challenge of….. 迎接……的挑战.the challenge of doing…. 做……的挑战pressure. n.压力→press. v.按，压，督促，催促短语：under pressure. 在压力下the pressure of work. 工作压力reduce pressure. 减轻压力put sb under pressure. 置某人于压力之下.put pressure on sb. 给某人施加压力be/come under pressure to do sth. 面临做….的压力.air/water/blood pressure. 气压/水压/血压calm. adj.镇静的，沉着的→v. calm. 使平静，使镇定→adv. calmly. 平静地，镇静地→n. calmness.平静，沉着短语：keep/stay/remain calm. 保持镇静be surprisingly calm. 出人意料地平静calm down. 平静下来，镇定下来calm sb/oneself down. 使某人/自己平静下来/镇定下来think calmly. 镇定地思考拓展： keep calm. 保持镇静（指不惊慌） keep quiet. 保持安静（指不喧闹） keep silent. 保持沉默（指不做声） keep still. 保持不动（指静止不动）description. n.描述，描写，叙述，形容→vt. describe. 描述，描写，叙述短语：give sb a description of… （向）某人描述….beyond description. 无法形容，难以描述（beyond words）a detailed/full/brief/general description. 详细的/详尽的/简短的/大致的描述describe…..as….. 把……描述成…..confident. adj.有信心的，自信的，有把握的→adv. confidently. 自信地→n. confidence.自信，信心短语：be/feel confident about…. 对……有信心be/feel confident of…. 对…….有把握be/feel confident (that)…. 确信……have confidence. 有自信.lose confidence. 失去信心.have confidence in…. 对…..有信心.lack confidence in… 对…..缺乏信心.give sb confidence. 给某人信心.build up one’s confidence. 建立某人的自信心with confidence. 自信地第二组Debate. n/v.讨论，辩论. →n. debater.辩论者，辩手. under debate. 在讨论中. beyond debate. 无可争辩. a heated/lively/long debate. 一场激烈的/热烈的/长时间的讨论（辩论） a debate on/about/over…. 一场关于……的讨论。 have /hold/conduct a debate. 进行辩论. debate with sb on/about/over sth. （与某人）辩论/讨论…..注意： debate侧重“双方各抒己见，含交锋的意思” argue侧重“说理”“论证”“企图说服”Stage. n.舞台，阶段，时期 on stage. 在舞台上. go on/off stage. 登上/走下舞台 take the stage. 登上舞台. reach/get to a stage. 到达某一阶段. go through a stage. 经历某一阶段. at this/that stage. 在这个/那个阶段 in an early/ a late stage. 在初期/后期Argue. v.争论，争吵，争辩→n. argument.争论，争吵 argue with sb. 和…..争论/争吵 argue about/over. 为…..争论/争吵. argue for/against (doing) sth. 赞成/反对（做）…… argue sb into/out of doing. 说服某人做/不做……argue that……. 主张/认为……have an argument with sb. 与某人争论/争吵.have an argument about/over sth. 为…..争论/争吵.get into an argument. 争论/争吵起来.Sharp. adj.敏锐的，聪明的，锋利的，急剧的，剧烈的，急转方向的→v. sharpen. （使）变锋利，（使）提高→adv. sharply.严厉地，急剧地→n. sharpener.削具a sharp mind. 敏锐的头脑.have sharp eyes. 有敏锐的眼睛.a sharp knife. 锋利的刀子.a sharp increase/fall in prices. 价格的急剧上涨/下跌.be sharp with sb. 对某人严厉.a sharp pain. 一阵剧痛.take a sharp left/right. 向左/右急转.speak sharply to sb. 斥责某人.rise sharply. 急剧上升/上涨.Various. adj.各种各样的，各种不同的→v. vary. 变化，相异→n. variety.多样化，变化，品种.for various reasons. 出于种种原因.various ways to do sth/of doing sth. 做…..的各种方法.vary from….to….. 从…..到….不等；在….到…..之间变化vary in….. 在…..方面不同.vary with…. 随着…..而变化a variety of…=varieties of…=various. 各种各样的.a wide variety of… 丰富多样的Gain. v.获得，赢得，增加，增长→n. gain. 好处，利益，增加gain experience/knowledge/confidence. 获得经验/知识/信心gain one’s respect/trust. 赢得….的尊敬/信任.gain weight. 体重增加.no pain, no gain. 不劳无获.a fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑长一智apply. V.应用，申请→n. application. 申请书，应用→n. applicant.申请人apply(to…) for. （向…..）申请….apply… to… 把…..应用于….apply to…. 适用于…..apply oneself to…. 致力于…..,专心于….be applied to… 应用于….a job application. 求职申请.fill in an application form. 填写申请表schedule. n.计划表，进度表，日程表→v.安排，安排时间，预定on schedule. 按预定时间，如期ahead of schedule. 先于计划，提前.behind schedule. 落后于计划，晚于have a tight/busy schedule. 日程安排紧.according to schedule. 根据安排.schedule… for…. 把…..安排在……be scheduled for….. 被安排在（某个时间）be scheduled to do sth. 被安排做….intelligent. adj.有智慧的，聪明的，机智的，智能的→n. intelligence. 智力，智慧→adv. intelligently. 聪明地artificial intellence(AI) 人工智能in terms of intelligence. 在智力方面，就智力而言investigate. v. 调查，研究，查明→n. investigation. 调查（be）under investigation. 正在调查中conduct an investigation. 进行调查.an investigation into… 对…..的调查an investigation report. 调查报告第三组award. n.奖品，奖金→v. award. 授予，奖励win/get/receive an award (for sth.) （因….）赢得/获得/得到奖项.present sb with an award.(=present an award to sb.) 给某人颁奖.award sb sth.(=award sth to sb) 把…..授予某人.award:指颁发的奖品，奖金，强调荣誉.prize:指在比赛，竞争或抽奖中获得的奖.reward:对某人工作或服务的回报，报酬.opportunity. n.机会，时机.have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做…….take/use/miss/lose the opportunity. 把握/利用/错过/失去机会。take advantage of an opportunity. 利用机会。give sb an opportunity. 给某人一次机会。get an opportunity. 得到一个机会。provide an opportunity. 提供一个机会。seize an opportunity. 抓住机会。subscribe. v.订阅（报纸或杂志）→n. subscriber.订阅者→n. subscription.订阅（费）subscribe to…. 订阅；同意；赞同；定期捐款subscribe to a view. 赞同某一观点。subscribe to a magazine. 订阅杂志。cancel/renew a subscription. 退订/续订。view. n. 观点；看法；视野，视线；景色，风景→v. 看待；参观in view. 在视线范围内。out of view. 在视线范围外。come into view. 进入视野。have /get a good/bad view of…. 看得清/看不清……in one’s view=in one’s opinion. 在某人看来。one’s view about sth. 某人对…..的看法。in view of… 由于，考虑到，鉴于point of view. 观点，看法。hold the view that….. 持有……观点。have different views. 有不同的观点。view….as….. 把……视为/看作…..be viewed as….. 被视为/看作…..former. adj. 以前的，从前的；昔日的，前任的。in former times. 从前the former home of sb. 某人的故居。the former（两者中的）前者the latter（两者中的）后者graduate. v.毕业；n. （大学）毕业生→n. graduation. 毕业graduate from….. 毕业于……（学校）graduate in…… 毕业于…….（专业）frighten. vt. 使害怕，使惊吓→adj. frightened. 害怕的，受惊的→adj. frightening.吓人的，可怕的 be frightened of doing sth. 害怕做…. be frightened to do sth. 不敢做…… bbe frightened that…. 害怕….. frighten sb into doing sth. 吓得某人做…… frighten sb out of doing sth. 吓唬某人不做…… frighten…..away/off…. 把……吓走/吓跑 frighten sb to death. 把某人吓得要死 a frightening experience. 可怕的经历。 a frightened expression. 害怕的表情。it is frightening to do sth. 做…..令人害怕。sight. n.看到，看见；视野，视力；景象；名胜at the sight of… 一看见…..拓展： at the thought of….. 一想到….at the sound of…… 一听到…..at first sight. 咋一看；初看时。catch sight of… 看见，瞥见。lose sight of….. 看不见，忘记，忽略。come into sight. 进入视野。disappear from sight. 从视野中消失。in/within sight. 看得见，在视野内。out of sight. 看不见，在视野外lose one’s sight. 失明。a familiar/common sight. 常见的景象。see the sights. 参观名胜。figure. v.认为，以为；计算→n. 数字，人物；人影；身材；图形。Figure (that)…. 认为…….Figure out. 弄清楚，弄明白；计算出（=work out） Unemployment/sales/trade figures. 失业人数/销售数据/贸易数字 A leading/key figure. 领军/关键人物。 Keep one’s figure. 保持身材。 Have a good figure. 身材好。 select. v.选择，挑选→n. selection. 挑选，选择；→adj. selective. 认真选择的；选择性的select sb to do sth. 选择某人做……select….for…. 为…..选择…..select….as….. 挑选……作为…..select….from….. 从…..中选择…..be selected as….. 被选为…..make one’s selection. 作出某人的选择a big/wide selection of….. 有多种…....可供选择；种类繁多的…….近义词辨析：select:表示仔细挑选。choose:一般意义上的选择，可不带宾语。pick:常指随意挑选，用于选择不是很重要的事物。 particular. adj.特定的，特指的，不寻常的，讲究的，挑剔的→n. 细节→adv. Particularly.尤其，特别。 in particular. 尤其，特别 pay particular attention to… 特别注意….. for no particular reason. 没有什么特别的原因。 be particular about… 对……讲究/挑剔 nothing particular. 没什么特别的 struggle. v/n.奋斗，拼搏.struggle with/against… 与…..作斗争。struggle for freedom/independence. 争取自由/独立.a struggle for survival. 为生存而奋斗.struggle to do sth. 努力做….struggle to one’s feet. 挣扎着站起来.struggle on. 挣扎着坚持下去. improve. v. 改善，改进→n. improvement. 改善，提高.improve one’s living conditions. 改善某人的生活条件.improve on… 在…..方面有改善/提高.a vast improvement. 巨大的改进. rate. v.对….做评估，评价→n. 比率.rate sb/sth highly. 对…..评价高.rate sb/sth as sth. 把…..视为….the birth/unemployment rate. 出生率/失业率.be rated as…. 被认为是…. performance. n.（工作或活动中的）表现；表演，演出→v. perform.表现，表 演，演出。Perform well/badly. 表现得好/差16. exchange. n.交换，交流，互访，调换→v.交换；意见，信息等的交流；兑换in exchange for….作为……的交换.exchange students. 交换生.exchange….for…..以….交换…..exchange sth with sb. 和某人交换….exchange ideas. 交流意见/想法近义词辨析： exchange：强调双向行为。 change:侧重单向行为。重点短语：keep an open mind. 持开放态度，不抱成见。keep an open mind about….. 对…….不抱成见。make up one’s mind to do…… 下定决心做…….keep one’s mind on…. 专注于，专心于……keep in mind that…. 记住……..change one’s mind. 改变主意。with….in mind. 考虑到……deal with… 对付，应付，处理；涉及，探讨；和…..做生意deal with stress. 应付压力。deal with a problem. 处理问题。deal with….与how连用。do with…. 与what 连用。Eg-How do you deal with the problem? =What do you do with the problem?go all out. 全力以赴，竭尽全力。go all out for sth. 全力以赴获取….go all out to do sth. 全力以赴做……give one’s all. 竭尽全力，全力以赴.=do all sb can. 尽某人所能.=try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力=spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力做….give ab a hand. 帮助某人。lend sb a hand. 帮助某人。give sb a helping hand. 向某人伸出援助之手。need/want a hand. 需要帮助。on the one hand…..on the other hand…. 一方面……另一方面…..at the hands of sb. 某人导致；出自某人之手。refer to… 提到，谈到；指的是；参考，查阅；涉及，关于.refer to…as… 将….称为…..look forward to(to=towards) +n/doing sth. （兴奋地）期待，盼望.含介词to的短语：belong to…. 属于…. be used to doing 习惯于…. lead to…. 导致…. get down to…. 开始做…. stick to doing sth. 坚持做…. pay attention to doing sth. 注意…. refer to…. 提到；参考；涉及.Unit 2 Explore English第一组Oppose. Vt.反对→Opposing. Adj.（观点，意见等）相反的，相对的→adj. opposed. 对立的→opposite. Adj.相反的，对立的；prep.在…..对面；n.对立面，反义词Take/have an opposing view. 持相反的观点.Oppose doing sth. 反对做…..Be opposed to doing sth. 反对做…..,不赞成做……Be opposite to…… 与….相反.The opposite of….. …..的对立面.In the opposite direction. 在相反方向.Behave. V.表现，举止得体→n. behavior. 举止，行为Social behavior. 社会行为One’s behavior towards….. 某人对……的行为.Behavior problems. 行为问题.Change one’s behavior. 改变某人的行为。拓展：Behave oneself. 守规矩，举止得体.Behave well/badly. 表现得好/差.Behave as if/as though. 像…..Well-behaved. 表现好的.Badly-behaved. 表现差的.Confuse. Vt.使困惑；（将….）混淆→Confusing. Adj.令人困惑的→adj. confused. 困惑的，糊涂的→n. confusion.困惑，混淆.Find….confusing. 觉得…..令人困惑.A confusing experience. 让人莫名其妙的经历.Confuse sb. 使某人困惑.Confuse A with B. 把A和B弄混.Be confused about… 对……感到困惑.Become/get confused. 变得困惑.A confused expression. 困惑的表情.To avoid confusion. 为避免混淆.In confusion. 困窘地Unique. Adj.独一无二的，独特的，罕见的，特有的，难得的.A unique opportunity. 难得的机会.A unique talent. 奇才.Be unique to…. 为…..所独有.Alarm. N.警报器；闹钟。Vt.使害怕，使担心，使惊恐→adj. alarming. 惊人的；使人惊恐的An alarm clock. 闹钟.In alarm. 惊恐地，惊慌地Raise/sound the alarm. 发出警报.Set off the alarm. 触发警报器Fire alarm. 火警An alarming increase. 惊人的增长.reflect. V.显示，反映；映出（影像）；反射；认真思考→n. reflection.反映，反射；深思reflect the views of…. 反映…..的意见.Reflect the fact that….. 反映….这一事实Be reflected in…. 反映在……;映在…..中Reflect light. 反射光线.Reflect on/upon. 认真思考.Be a reflection of…. 是…..的反映On/upon reflection. 经过考虑后. Create. V.创造，创作→n. creativity. 创造性，创造力→adj. creative.有创造力的；创造性的Develop/encourage creativity. 培养/激发创造力Create wealth. 创造财富。Create new jobs. 创造新的工作岗位.Creative thinking. 创造性思维第二组type. n.类型，种类. vt/vi.打字→n. typist. 打字员of this/that type. 这种/那种类型的a type of… 一种类型的all types/kinds/sort of….. 各种类型的type….into… 把…..键入（计算机）come across.=run into=meet by chance. 偶然发现，偶然遇见；被理解come about. 发生come out. 出现；开花；出版；发表；透露come to. 合计；总共come up with. 提出，想出come true. 实现，成真come over. 过来，顺便来访come on. 快点儿，开始unfamiliar. adj. 不熟悉的，不了解的be unfamiliar with…. 对…..不熟悉be unfamiliar to…… 为…..所不熟知拓展：否定前缀:un-unusual. adj.异常的，不平常的unfold. v.展开，打开unable. adj.不会的，不能的contact. v.联系，联络. n.（U）联系，接触contact sb immediately/directly. 立即/直接与某人联系make contact with sb./get in contact with sb. 与某人取得联系.keep in contact with sb. 与某人保持联系.Likely. adj. 可能的，可能发生的. adv.很可能→unlikely. adj不可能的It is/was likely+that+从句=sb/sth be likely to do sth. 很可能…..（主语可人或物）It is possible/probable+that+从句. 很可能….addition. n.增加物，添加物→v. add. 增加，添加in addition. 除此之外，此外（用于句首、句中、句末）in addition to “除….以外（包括在内）”=besides, as well as, apart from第三组remind. v.提醒，使…..想起→. n. reminder. 提醒人的事物。remind sb to do sth. 提醒某人做某事remind sb that….. 提醒某人….remind sb of sb/sth. 使某人想起…拓展：remind sb of sth. 结构相同的短语：warn sb of sth. 提醒/警告某人做….inform sb of sth. 通知某人做….convince ssb of sth. 使….相信….cure sb of sth. 治愈某人的….病rob sb of sth. 抢某人的…..rid sb of sth. 使某人摆脱….accuse sb of sth. 指控某人犯有…..罪suspect sb of sth. 怀疑某人某事.rather. adv.相当，颇rather complicated. 相当复杂.rather badly. 相当严重rather too. 太….拓展：rather than….. 而不是would rather 宁愿would rather do….than do… 宁愿做…..,也不愿意…..would rather (not) do…. 宁可(不)做…..注意：1):Would rather+一般过去时的从句（表示与现在或将来的情况相反）-I’d rather you didn’t tell her about it.2):Would rather+过去完成时的从句（表示与过去的情况相反）-I’d rather you hadn’t told her about it.comment. n.评论，议论. v.评论，发表意见.make a comment/comments on/about…. 对……作出评论.without comment. 不必多说no comment. 无可奉告a brief/quick comment. 简短的评论a helpful comment. 有用的意见comment on/upon… 对…..作出评论comment that….. 评论说/称…..entrance. n. 入口（处），大门→反义词n. exit. 出口the college entrance examination. 高考entrance fees. 门票at the entrance to….. 在……的入口take an entrance exam. 参加入学考试a fire exit. 消防通道an emergency exit. 紧急出口拓展：the answer to the question. 问题的答案the key to the door. 门的钥匙the solution to the problem. 问题的解决办法.the approach to teaching English. 英语教学法.actually. adv.实际上，事实上→adj. actual. 真实的，实际的in fact=in actual fact=as a matter of fact=in reality=in effect.error. n.错误，谬误.a human error. 人为的错误.make an error in (doing) sth. 在（做）某事中出错commit an error. 犯错in error=by mistake. 错误地by/through trial and error. 通过反复试验intend. v.计划，打算→n. intention. 意图，目的intend to do sth/doing sth=be intended to do sth. 打算做….intend sb to do sth. 打算让某人做….intend that…… 计划……had intended to do…. 本打算做….be intended for….. 专供….使用；专为…. 而设计拓展：by intention=by design. 故意地have no intention of doing sth. 无意做…..have every intention of doing sth. 一心做…..with the intention of doing sth. 打算做….formal. adj.正式的→adj. informal. （书写或言谈）非正式的an informal meeting. 非正式会议an informal visit. 非正式访问informal clothes. 便服Aa formal talk. 一次正式的谈话recognize.v.认识，辨认出→n. recognition. 认识，认出，识别recognize sb. 认出某人recognize…as/to be… 认出/承认….是….be recognized as/to be…. 被认为是…..recognize that+从句 意识到/承认….it’s recognized that…. 人们公认…..beyond recognition=out of recognition. （变得）认不出来there is a general recognition that…. 人们普遍认识到……base. v.以…..为基础. n.基地，基础→ adj. basic.基本的，基础的，初级的，必须的→n. basis（pl. bases）基础→adv. basically. 基本上；从根本上说base sth on/upon…. 把…..建立在….上be based on/upon…. 基于….at the base of… 在….底部/基础上be based in… 总部位于…..拓展：base opinions on facts. 以事实为依据发表观点have a broad base of the masses. 有广泛的群众基础.on the basis of sth. 根据….;在….的基础上aware. adj.明白的，意识到的→adj. unaware. 不知道，没意识到→awareness.n.意识be aware of… 意识到，觉察到；了解，知道be well/fully aware of… 很清楚….become aware of… 意识到be aware that…. 意识到make sb aware of/that…. 使某人意识到….as far as I’m aware. 据我所知be/become unaware of….. 未意识到/不知道…..raise/increase awareness of… 提高…..的意识Unit 2. Family Matters.第一组character. n.（书、剧本、电影等中的）人物，角色；性格，特征；文字，符号→adj. characteristic. 独特的，典型的play a character. 扮演角色.a cartoon character. 卡通人物.the main/central/leading character. 主角/中心人物/主要人物a major/minor character. 主要/次要人物.have a strong/weak character. 个性强/弱in/out of character. 符合/不符合个性.Chinese characters. 汉字.in character with… 与….风格相同.be characteristic of…. 是…..的典型特征approach. v.走进，靠近，接近；接洽，要求；对付，处理→n. 接近，靠近；方法，方式see/hear sb/sth. approaching. 看到/听到某人/某事正在接近.be easy/difficult to approach. 容易接近/难以接近.approach sb. for advice. 向某人征求意见.approach the problem/matter. 处理问题.the approach of…. …..的来临with the approach of…. 随着…..的来临.an approach to doing sth. 做某事的方法.adopt/take an approach. 采取一种方法.turn to. 求助于；转向；翻到turn to sb. for help/advice. 向某人求助/寻求建议.拓展：turn on/off. 打开/关掉.turn down. 调低，拒绝turn up. 调高，出现，被找到turn into. 变成turn over. 翻转；移交turn out. 结果是，证明是chat. n/vi. 聊天，闲谈.have a chat with sb. about sth. 与某人闲聊某事.c friendly chat. 友好的聊天.chat with sb. 与某人聊天.chat about.. 闲聊…..cat up. 搭讪focus.v.（把….）集中. n.焦点，重点→adj. focused. 专心的，注意力集中的；明确目标的.focus on/upon doing sth. 把注意力集中于做…..be focused on… 专注于…..focus one’s attention/mind/energy on/upon….. 把某人的注意力/心思/精力集中于…..focus one’s eyes on… 注视…..become the focus of attention. 成为关注的焦点.the focus of the conference. 会议的重点.come into focus. 成为焦点.bring….into focus. 使…..成为焦点.in focus/out of focus. 焦距对/不对in surprise. 吃惊地，惊讶的look up in surprise. 惊讶地抬头看.look at sb. in surprise. 惊讶地看着某人.重点拓展：in+n：表示状态或方式in anger. 生气地 in trouble. 在困境中.in safety. 安全地 in danger. 在危险中.in public. 公开地 in secret. 秘密地.in peace. 平静地 in silence. 沉默地.in fashion. 流行 in order. 井然有序地assume. v.假定，假设，认为→assuming. conj.假定，假设→n. assumption.假定，假设assume that…. 认为…..assume sb/sth to be… 认为某人/某事是…..assume the worst. 往最坏处想。经典句式：let’s/let us assume (that)…. 咋们/我们假设…..it is reasonable to assume (that)…. 认为…..是有道理的it is generally/usually assumed that….. 普遍/通常认为…..拓展：assuming (that)…. 假定….make an assumption. 作出假设.be based on an assumption. 以假设为基础.respect. v.尊敬，敬重. n.尊重，敬重；方面，细节. →adj. respectable.值得尊敬的→adj. respectful. 尊敬的respect sb for sth. 因…..尊敬某人respect one’s views. 尊重某人的观点.respect oneself. 自重，自尊.拓展：have respect for sb. 尊敬某人show respect for sb. 对…. 表示尊敬win/earn/gain one’s respect. 赢得某人尊敬.lose one’s respect. 失去某人的尊敬out of respect. 出于尊敬.give/send one’s respects to sb. 代…问候某人.be respectful to sb. 尊重某人be respectful of sth. 尊重某事ignore. v.忽视，不理→adj. ignorant. 无知的，愚昧的→n. ignorance.无知，愚昧ignore a warning. 忽视警告ignore traffic rules. 无视交通规则ignore one’s advice. 不理会某人的意见ignore personal danger. 不顾个人安危ignore the fact that… 忽略…..的事实completely/totally ignore. 完全忽视拓展：be ignorant of/about sth. 对…..无知be ignorance of sth. 对…..无知out of/through ignorance对…..无知Suit v.适合；满足（某人的）需要 n.套装→adj. suitable 合适的，适合的suit one’s needs 满足某人的需要suit one’s taste 适合某人的口味suit everyone 适合每个人suit sth. to sth 使某物适合某物a business suit 商务套装拓展：be suitable for… 适合…….be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事 talent. n.天赋，才能；天才，人才→adj. talented. 有才华的，有天赋的（=gifted）have (a) talent for…. 有…..天赋show (a) talent for…. 显示出……的天赋a wealth of talent. 人才辈出.have a gift for…. 有….的天赋be gifted in/at (doing)…. 有（做）….的天赋be gifted with… 有…..的天赋take/follow one’s advice. 听从某人的建议/劝告.give sb. some advice. 给某人一些建议ask one’s advice. 咨询某人的意见ask for advice. 征询意见offer advice. 提供建议go to sb. for advice. 向某人寻求建议注意：advice为不可数名词。-a piece of advice:一则消息。option. n. 选择，可选择的东西；选修课→adj. optional. 可选择的，非强制的have the option of doing… 可以选择做….have no option but to do sth. 别无选择，只好做….keep/leave one’s options open. 暂不做决定，留有选择余地take optional courses. 上选修课generation. n.一代（人）；一批，一届from generation to generation. 一代代地for generations. 祖祖辈辈the younger/older/earlier generation. 年轻的一代/老一辈/上一代a generation of… 一代….;一届….a generation gap. 代沟第二组current. adj.当前的；目前的. n.潮流，水流，气流→adv. currently.当前，现在.be currently available. 目前可以获得的be currently working on…. 目前从事the current President. 现任总统current events. 当前事件a cold/warm current. 寒流/暖流air current. 气流electrical current. 电流regular. adj.规则的，定期的，经常的；固定的→adv. regularly. 经常，定期地take/do exercise regularly. 经常锻炼meet regularly. 定期会面breathe regularly. 均匀呼吸拓展：Pay regular visits to…. 定期访问A regular job. 固定工作Regular opening hours. 正常的营业时间Regular customers/readers. 常客/忠实读者responsible. Adj. （对事故、错误、罪行等）负有责任的，应承担责任的→adj. irresponsible. 不负责任的；无责任感的→n. responsibility. 责任，职责，义务be responsible for doing sth. 对做….负责be responsible for sb. 对某人负责拓展：A sense of responsibility. 责任感Take/have/shoulder responsibility for…. 对…..有责任/负责Escape/avoid responsibility. 逃避/回避责任句式：It’s one’s responsibility to do sth.. 做…..是某人的责任.易错辨析：A responsible person. 一个负责人的人The person responsible. 负责人，主管人句子辨析：Sb. is responsible for…. 某人对…..负责Sth. is responsible for…. 某事是….的原因memory. n.（C）记忆，回忆；（U）记忆力，记性→vt. memorise. 记住，背熟，记忆have a good/bad memory (for sth). （对…）记忆力好/差in memory of… 为了纪念拓展：in celebration of… 庆祝in praise of… 赞美，歌颂in search of… 寻找in support of… 支持in favor of… 支持，赞同.in honor of…. 为向……表示敬意nowadays. adv. 现在，当今.at the present time. 目前at present. 目前，现在at the moment. 目前，此刻up to now. 直到现在slim. adj.苗条的，修长的；微薄的. vi.减肥.stay/keep slim. 保持苗条a slim chance of success. 成功的可能性不大slim down. 变苗条，减肥.compared to… 与….相比.（常在句中作状语，可与compared with 互换）拓展：compare A with/to B. 把A与B相比较compare A to B. 把A 比作B.beyond compare. 无与伦比.compare notes. 交换意见compare favorably with… 比…..毫不逊色，比得上aim. v.力求达到；目的是；瞄准；针对. n.目标，目的；瞄准→adj. aimless. 无目标的→adv. aimlessly. 漫无目的地aim to do sth/aim at doing sth. 旨在做…../力争做….be aimed at doing sth. 旨在做….aim at…. 瞄准….be aimed at sb. 针对某人the aim of sth. ……的目的with the aim of….. 以…..为目的achieve one’s aim. 达到某人的目标take aim at… 瞄准….be related to… 与….有关系/有关联. n. relation. 关系；关联；联系be closely/strongly related to… 与….有密切关系be directly related to… 与…..有直接关系拓展：relate to… 涉及；与….相关relate A to B. 把A与B联系起来in relation to… 关于…..;与….相比“与….有关系/有联系”的多种表达：be connected with…. be linked with/to…be involved in…be associated with…have something to do with…observe. v.观察；注意到；遵守；庆祝，过（节日、生日等）→n. observation. 观察→n. observer. 观察者observe carefully/closely. 仔细地/密切地观察observe(=obey) the law. 遵守法律observe(=celebrate) the Spring Festival. 过春节observe sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做….observe sb. do sth. 注意到某人做…..range. n.一系列，范围；种类. vi.在某范围内变化a wide/whole/full range of… 各种各样的the age/price range. 年龄/价格范围in/within range of… 在…..的范围内out of/beyond range of.. 超出…..的范围range from A to B. 在A到B之间变化event. n. 活动（指演出、体育比赛、聚会等）；（体育运动的比赛项目）；事件，大事a big/major event. 大事current events. 实事，当前事件track and field events. 田径赛项目.近义词辨析：event: 指重大事件或比赛项目.incident: 既可指小事件，也可指政治上具有影响的事件.accident: 强调偶然或意外发生的不幸的事故.Apologise(apologize). V.道歉→n. apology. 道歉，认错Apologise for sth. 因……而道歉Apologise to sb for (doing) sth. 因（做了）…..而向某人道歉Accept/refuse an apology. 接受/拒绝接受道歉拓展：“因（做）…..而向某人道歉”Say sorry to sb for (doing) sth. Make/convey an apology to sb. for(doing) sth.Offer an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.Offer sb. an apology for (doing) sth.Stress. n.紧张；压力；强调；重音. vt.强调→adj. stressed. 紧张的，焦虑的→adj. stressing.（事物）充满压力的，紧张的sstress that…. 强调….stress the importance of…. 强调…..的重要性be under stress. 在压力下cause stress. 造成压力suffer from stress. 承受压力deal with stress. 应对压力reduce/relieve stress. 减轻/缓解压力lay/place/put stress on/upon… 强调….be stressed on… 重音在….上Impact. n.作用，影响 v.（对某事物）有影响，有作用impact on/upon.. 对….有影响have an impact on/upon… 对….有影响make an impact on/upon.. 对…..产生影响have an effect/influence on/upon… 对…有影响affect/influence sb./sth. 对某人/物有影响Strength. n.（U）力量，力气，体力强烈程度→v. strengthen. 加强，增强，巩固。have the strength to do sth. 有做…..的力气build up one’s strength. 增强体力with all one’s strength. 用尽全力one’s physical strength. 某人的体力strengths and weaknesses. 优点和缺点单词辨析：strength: 力气force: 武力，暴力energy: 精力，活力，能量power: 权力，能力，动力拓展；strong. adj. → strength. n. →strengthen. v.long. adj. →length. n. →lengthen. v.（使）变长high. adj. →height. n. →heighten. v.提高wide. adj. →width. n. →widen. v.（使）变宽deep. adj. →depth. n. →deepen. v.（使）变深第三组admire. v.钦佩，赞美，羡慕→adj. admirable.令人羡慕的；可钦佩的→n. admiration.赞赏，钦佩admire sb. for…. 因….而羡慕/钦佩某人admire oneself. 自我欣赏admire the moon. 赏月have admiration for… 对….表示钦佩in/with admiration. 钦佩地拓展：与admire sb for…结构类似的搭配还有：thank sb for doing sth.blame sb for doing sth. 责备某人做….praise sb for doing sth. 表扬某人做….judge. v.认为，判断。 n.裁判员，法官→n. judgement. 看法，判断力，判决judging by/from…. 根据….判断as far as I can judge. 据我判断in one’s judgement. 在某人看来reserve one’s judgement. 保留某人的看法注意：judging by/from…. 作状语时，是独立成分，不受主语的影响和限制，类似用法还有：generally/exactly/frankly/honestly speaking. 一般地/确切地/坦率地/诚实地说.considering （that）… 考虑到……,鉴于….providing/provided(that)…. 假如….settle. v.定居；和解，结束→n. settlement. 解决；协议→adj. settled.稳定的，定居的→n. settler.移居者，移民者settle down. （在某地）定居下来；（使某人）安静下来settle the difference. 解决分歧settle a dispute/an argument/a problem. 解决争端/争论/问题settle down to doing sth. 定下心来做….reach a settlement. 达成协议单词辨析：settle的宾语多为issue, argument, quarrel, difference.solve的宾语多为problem, mystery, puzzle, difficulty.detail. n.细节，细微之处，详情→adj. detailed. 详细的in detail. 详细地go into details. 详细叙述，逐一说明have an eye for detail. 善于捕捉细节down to the smallest detail. 细致入微detailed description/account. 详细的描述detailed instructions. 详细说明contain. vt. 包含，容纳；容忍；抑制，克制（强烈的感情）→ n. container.容器，集装箱contain oneself. 克制自己contain one’s excitement. 克制某人的激动单词辨析：contain: 含在里面 include: 包含，强调是其中一部分summary. n.总结，概要→v. summarise. 总结，概括，概述in summary. 总之，总的来说make a summary. 作总结a summary of… ….的总结/摘要拓展：“总之”的其他表达：in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, to summarise.powerful. adj.强有力的，有影响（感染）力的→adv. powerfully.有力地，有效地powerful weapons. 威力强大的武器a powerful effect. 强大的影响in trouble. 处于困境out of trouble. 脱离困境get/run into trouble. 陷入困境get sb in trouble. 使某人陷入困境look for trouble. 自找麻烦，自寻烦恼cause trouble. 造成麻烦make trouble. 制造麻烦have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 做…有困难take the trouble to do sth. 不辞辛劳做….despite. Prep. 尽管，虽然（in spite of…）despite the fact that…. 尽管….despite our best efforts. 尽管我们尽了最大努力despite this尽管如此Now and then. 偶尔，有时类似的表达表“有时候，偶尔”：(every) now and then/again, from time to time, once in a while, sometimes, occasionally, at times.throughout. prep./adv. 在整个期间，自始至终；遍及，在….各处。throughout one’s life=all through one’s life. 在某人的一生中throughout the year=all through the year. 全年throughout the country=all over the country. 全国entire. adj.全部的，整个的→adv. entirely.完全地，彻底地one’s entire life. 某人的一生entirely different. 完全不同an entirely new approach. 全新的方法entirely agree with sb. 完全同意某人 positive. adj.好的，积极的；有信心的，积极乐观的（反义词negative:消极的，负面的；有害的，不良的）a positive attitude. 乐观的态度have a positive effect on… 对….有积极影响make a positive contribution to… 对…..作出积极的贡献be positive about… 对….有信心a positive image. 正面的形象leave ……behind. 把…..丢下或撇下leave+宾语+宾补 使….处于某种状态拓展：该结构主要有以下几种：Leave+宾语+adj/adv/n/prep.Leave+宾语+v-ing（表主动/正在进行）Leave+宾语+v-ed（表被动/已经完成）Leave+宾语+从句Leave the door open. 让门开着Leave the light on. 让灯开着Leave him an orphan. 让他成了孤儿Leave her waiting outside. 让她在外面等着Leave the chair where it is. 把椅子留在原处Somehow. adv.用某种方法，不知怎的Somewhat. adv.有点儿，有几分，稍微Anyway. adv.尽管如此，反正，至少，总之Anyhow. adv.尽管如此，至少，杂乱无章End up. 最终，到头来.End up doing sth. 以做…..而告终end up with 以······结束（后接表具体事物的名词）反义短语：begin/start withend up in 以······结束（后接表抽象概念的名词及地点名词）end up as 最终成为······（后接表职位或身份的名词）拓展： end in 以······结束／告终bring sth. to an end＝bring／put an end to sth.结束某事come to an end 结束，完结be at an end 结束in the end 最后，终于To one’s surprise. 令某人吃惊的是.“to one＇s＋表示情感的名词”表示“令某人······的是”，也可写作“to the＋表示情感的名词 ＋of sb.”。可用于这一结构的名词还有joy，delight, sorrow, regret, relief, astonishment, satisfaction, disappointment等。拓展：“令某人感到非常······的是”的表达有：much to one＇s ＋表示情感的名词to one＇s great＋表示情感的名词Unit 4 Friends forever第一组1.familiar/fə'miliə/ adj.熟悉的；常见的；亲近的（反：unfamiliar) →familiarity n.熟悉；精通look／sound familiar. 看起来／听起来熟悉get familiar with. 熟悉；与······熟悉起来in familiar surroundings. 在熟悉的环境里make you more familiar with China. 让你更熟悉中国be on familiar terms with. 与······交情很好---Are you on familiar terms with Mr Johnson？你和约翰逊先生交情好吗？拓展：人＋be familiar with＋事／物. 熟悉／通晓······（主动意味）事／物＋be familiar to＋人. 为······所熟悉（被动意味）Eg---I am familiar with his style of design.=His style of design is familiar to me.2.prefer (preferred, preferred, preferring) V.更喜欢；宁愿→preference n.偏爱；偏爱的事物prefer＋名词／动名词／不定式. 更喜欢······prefer doing...(to doing...).宁愿做······（而不愿做······）prefer to do sth. 宁愿做某事would prefer to do sth. 更愿意做某事prefer sb. ( not)to do sth. 宁愿某人（不）做某事prefer to do... rather than do...=would rather do...than do...宁愿做······而不愿意做······prefer that sb. ( should ) do sth.希望某人做某事prefer本身已具有比较意味，相当于 like better，因此不能再与better，more等词连用。拓展： give（a） preference to 给··以优惠；优待··；优先考虑··in preference to 而不是······3. lose track of 不了解….的情况，不了解….的动态；与…..失去联系；忘记…. →track n.跑道,轨道；足迹，车辙 vt.跟踪；追踪lose track of a friend. 与一个朋友失去联系lose track of what he is doing. 忘记他在做什么反义短语：keep track of与…..保持联系；了解…..的动态be on track. 步入正轨back on track. 重回正轨be on the right/wrong track. 思路正确／错误be on the track of. 追踪….track and field. 田径；田径赛track down. 追踪到，追查到4. deliver. vt.＆vi.递送；传送 vt.发表；接生；→delivery n.递送；分娩deliver papers. 送报纸deliver the goods. 发货deliver a speech /baby. 发表演讲/接生deliver sb. to one's house. 把某人送到家deliver sb. from danger. 救某人脱险拓展：·deliver指把信件、包裹等物品寄发出去或送到某地或交给某人；·ship 指通过水陆空等方式运送。现常指商业运货，或将物品托运。5. thanks to 归功于……..;多亏…..近义短语：·thanks to通常作状语，多指好的方面。·because of常作状语。·owing to 常作状语。·due to 常作状语和表语。6. advance. n.进步，进展；预付款 v.前进；（使）进展；提前. adj.预先的，事先的→advanced adj.先进的；高级的a major advance. 一项重大进展recent advances in medical science. 医学的最新进展technological advances. 技术进步make advances in = make an advance in. 在……方面取得进步in advance. 预先，提前in advance of. 在…..之前；超前于，比…..先进advance across／through. 前进穿过…..advance towards／to. 向（朝）…….前进advanced technology. 先进的技术advanced learners of English. 高阶英语学习者谚语：Not to advance is to go back. 不进则退7. significantly. adv.重大地，显著地→significant adj.重要的，重大的→significance n.重要性，意义change/increase/improve significantly. 显著改变／增加／提高significantly better/greater. 明显更好／更大a significant achievement. 重大成就a highly significant discovery. 有重大意义的发现be of significance=be significant. 有重大意义的特殊句式：It is significant that….. ……..很重要…….很明显8. stay in touch (with...). （与……）保持联系 同义：keep in touch(with...)拓展： be in touch（with...）. （与….….）有联系be out of touch(with...). （与…....）失去联系get in touch(with...). （与…….）取得联系lose touch(with...). （与……）失去联系·stay/keep/be in touch(with...),be out of touch（with...）表示状态，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。·get in touch( with...),lose touch （with...）表示动作，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。9. (be)up to. 正在做；多达；达到；直到；能胜任例 What＇s she up to？她在做什么？up to ten people. 多达10人up to now. 直到现在be up to the job. 能胜任这项工作be up to sb. 由某人决定It's up to sb. to do sth. 由某人决定做某事。What＇s up？ 怎么了？10. maintain. v.保持，维持；维护，保养；供养，扶养maintain a balance. 保持平衡maintain high standards. 保持高标准maintain a good relationship. 保持良好关系maintain prices. 维持价格的稳定maintain a family. 供养家庭maintain a road. 养路，修路maintain a speed of. 保持……的速度11.enable .v.使可能，使发生enable sb. /sth. to do sth. 使某人／某物能做某事拓展： able adj.能够；有才能的disabled adj. 无能力的；有残疾的disable v.使丧失能力disability n.残疾；无能12. unusual. adj.异常的，不平常的→usual adj.通常的，平常的→ usually adv.通常地an unusual method. 不寻常的方法an unusual feature. 不寻常的特点an unusual ability. 非凡的能力unusual circumstances. 异常状况句式： It＇s unusual（ for sb. ） to do sth. （某人）做某事是不寻常的。拓展：as usual. 照例，像往常一样earlier/later/longer/higher than usual. 比平时早／晚／长／高13. tend to do sth. 易于做某事；倾向于做某事，往往会做某事→tendency n.倾向，趋势tend to think... 往往认为….....tend to make mistakes. 易于犯错tend(to)sb./sth. 照顾／照料某人／某物tend towards... 有…...的趋势，倾向于……have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向……eg--When I'm tired, I tend to make mistakes but I have a tendency towards caution.我累了就容易犯错，但我一向小心谨慎。14. update.n.最新消息→update vt.更新a news update. 最新新闻报道update information. 更新信息update software. 更新软件15. saying. n.格言，谚语，警句句式：as the saying goes. 常言道There’s a saying that... 有谚语说There's no saying... 说不准…….／很难说……Saying and doing are two things. 说是一回事，做是另一回事。16. acquire. v.获得，得到acquire a new friend. 获得新朋友acquire a new life. 获得新生acquire little education. 没受过多少教育acquire one's understanding. 获得某人的理解acquire the right to do sth.. 取得做某事的权利acquire a skill. 获得技能acquire a taste for sth. 喜欢上某事物17. prove. v.证明，证实→proof . n.证明；证据prove to be... 证明是……,显示出prove sth.to sb. 向某人证实某事prove sb.wrong/innocent. 证明某人错误／无辜prove yourself. 证明自己句式： It can be proved that... 可以证实的是…….prove that... 证实／证明…….There’s（no） proof that... （没）有证据证明······18. illustrate. v.（举例）说明，阐明illustrate one's point 举例说明某人的观点illustrate...with... 用……来说明……illustrate one's discussion with diagrams. 用图表来说明某人的论述句式： illustrate that... （作为例证）说明…..第二组inspiring . adj.鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的→inspire . vt.鼓舞；激发；启示→inspired adj.卓越的；激动人心的→inspiration n.鼓舞；灵感；鼓舞人心的人或事物inspiring music. 鼓舞人心的音乐an inspiring principle. 激励的原则an inspiring message. 一则振奋人心的消息inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事inspire courage. 激发勇气inspire interest. 激发兴趣an inspired performance. 激动人心的表演draw inspiration from. 从…….中得到灵感拓展：inspiration作“鼓舞人心的人或事物”讲时是抽象名词具体化，是可数名词；作“灵感”讲时是不可数名词.2. pack. n.小盒，小包；一群v.（把……….）打包，（把……………）装箱a pack of cigarettes一包香烟a pack of dogs一群狗pack up. 打点行李，收拾行李pack sth.up. 把……..打包，把………..装箱pack sth.away. 将某物收拾起来comfort. n.安慰，慰藉；安慰者，慰藉物；舒服，舒适 vt.安慰，抚慰→comfortable. adj.舒适的，舒服的→uncomfortable. adj.不舒服的→comfortably. adv.舒服地，舒适地turn to sb.for comfort. 向某人寻求安慰give/bring/offer sb.comfort=provide sb. with comfort. 给某人安慰take/draw comfort from. 从……..中得到安慰in comfort. 舒适地for comfort. 为了舒适be a great comfort to sb. 对某人来说是极大的安慰注意：a comfort表示“令人感到安慰的人或事物”，是抽象名词具体化的用法。再如：a success成功的人或事物，a failure失败的人或事物，a surprise一件令人惊奇的事，apleasure一件乐事，a pity一件遗憾的事。patience. n.耐心→patient. adj.耐心的 n.病人→Impatient. adj.不耐烦的→Impatience. n.不耐烦 have the patience to do sth. 有耐心做某事have no/little patience with. （几乎）不能容忍……..lose/run out of patience( with sb.) （对某人）失去耐心require／take patience. 需要耐心with patience（＝patiently）. 耐心地Have patience!/Patience! 耐心点儿！（用于劝告别人）拓展： be patient with. 对······有耐心be impatient with. 对······不耐烦passion. n.强烈的情感，激情；热衷的爱好（或活动等）；酷爱 with passion . 充满激情地with great passion . 激情洋溢地be filled with passion. 充满激情arouse one’s passion. 唤起某人的激情have a passion for. 酷爱………..generosity. n.慷慨，大方→generous . adj.慷慨的，大方的acts of generosity. 慷慨之举one's generosity to/towards... 某人对………..的慷慨show (sb.) generosity. （对某人）表现出慷慨be generous to sb. 对某人慷慨be generous with 在……….方面慷慨It is generous of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事真是大方。quality. n.素质，品德；质量，品质→形近词：quantityn.数量personal qualities. 个人素质have leadership qualities. 具有领导素质be of poor/good/high quality. 质量差／好／上乘water／air quality. 水质／空气质量quality of life. 生活质量improve the quality. 提高质量affect the quality. 影响质量maintain the quality. 保持质量注意：quality意为“质量，品质”时，既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词。当quality意为“素质，品德”时，为可数名词，一般用复数形式。anxious. adj.焦虑的，不安的，担心的；渴望的，急切的→anxiously. adv.焦虑地；急切地→anxiety . n.焦虑；渴望be anxious about sth./for sb. 为…………担心be anxious/eager for sth. 渴望得到某物be anxious to do sth. 渴望／急于做某事be anxious for sb. to do sth. 渴望某人做某事be anxious that... 渴望………..从句谓语用“（should＋）动词原形”wait anxiously for…. 焦急地等待…...with anxiety. 焦虑地anxiety about／over……. 对………..的焦虑anxiety for…….. 对………..的渴望9. distance. v.使与….保持距离，撇清和…..的关系n.距离；远方→ distant . adj.遥远的；冷漠的 distance oneself from. 使自己与……保持距离，撇清自己和……..的关系in the distance. 在远处at/from a distance. 从远处，隔一段距离（不是很远）in the distance. 在远处，远距离at/from a distance. 有一定距离，在稍远处at a distance of… 隔…………远的距离keep one's distance( from... ). （与……..）保持距离keep sb. at a distance . 与某人保持距离within walking distance. 很近；步行就能到the distance between wealth and poverty. 贫富间的差距postpone. v.使（事件、行动等）延期，推迟 postpone doing sth. 推迟做某事postpone sth. until... 把某事推迟至……..postpone for five months. 延期五个月postpone to Wednesday. 推迟到星期三第三组ordinary .adj.普通的，平常的；平淡无奇的in the ordinary way. 一般地；通常地out of the ordinary . 不寻常；特殊an ordinary-looking man. 一个相貌平平的人单词辨析：·common：指“共有的，公共的；共同的；常见的”，反义词为rare。common作“普通的”讲时可与ordinary互换，如“普通人”也可以说成 common people。·ordinary ：意为“普通的；平淡无奇的”，指没有什么特别的地方。·usual ：意为“平常的，通常的，一向的”，含惯例之意，as usual和平常一样。·normal： 意为“正常的”。也可作名词，意为“常态，一般水平”。fortune. n. 大笔的钱，巨款；运气，机遇→n. misfortune. 不幸→adj. fortunate.幸运的→unfortunately adv.不幸地→fortunately .adv.幸运地make one's/a fortune. 发财seek one's fortune. 寻找出路；寻找发财的机会be worth a fortune. 值一大笔钱spend/cost a fortune. 花费一大笔钱tell one’s fortune. 给某人算命try one’s fortune. 碰运气have the good fortune to do sth. 有幸做某事 be fortunate to do sth. 做某事是幸运的be/feel fortunate in doing sth. 在做……方面很幸运It is fortunate( for sb.) that... （对某人来说）…….是幸运的。ought to.应该，应当 (ought to没有人称、数和时态的变化，用法与should基本相同)ought to do sth. 应该做某事ought not to do sth. 不应该做某事ought to have done sth. 本该做某事（而未做）ought not to have done sth. 本不该做某事（却做了）拓展：ought to的否定式是 ought not to或oughtn＇t to，疑问句式是把ought放在主语前。ought to：1）：示有责任、有义务去做某事：表示建议或劝告某人“应该”去做某事3）：示对现在或将来某种可能性的推测，推测的语气比较肯定4）：表示客观上难以实现或不能实现的愿望，与虚拟语气相似4. work out：找到（出路）；解决（问题）work out one’s destiny. 算出命运；找到出路work out the problem. 解决问题work out: 一词多义：锻炼；进展；计算出（答案、数量、价格等）work out regularly. 经常锻炼work out as planned. 按计划进行work out the maths problem. 算出那道数学题correspond .v.通信；符合，相一致→Correspondence. n.通信；通信联系correspond with sb. 与某人通信correspond regularly. 经常通信correspond to/with sth. 与…….相符／相一致 by correspondence. 用写信的办法in correspondence with. 与…..一致； 和……保持通信联系correspondence address. 通信地址6. be worth it. 值得The job involves a lot of hard work， but it’s worth it.这份工作需要花费很大力气，但是值得。be(well) worth reading/seeing/ visiting. （非常）值得读／看／参观be worth a try. 值得一试be worth a visit. 值得参观worth: 通常只用作表语。turn up（意外地或终于）出现；来到；调高（音量、热量等）turn up作“出现；来到”讲时是不及物的短语动词，作“调高”讲时是及物的短语动词。拓展： turn on／off. 打开／关掉turn down. 调低；拒绝turn into. 变成turn over. 翻转；移交turn around. 转身turn to. 转向；翻到；求助于turn out. 结果是，证明是appointed. adj.约定的，指定的→appoint. vt.任命，委任；安排，确定（时间、地点） →appointment. n.任命；预约，约定at the appointed time /place. 在指定时间/指定地点appoint sb: 1):as／to be...任命某人为……..2):to...任命某人到………….任职3):to do sth.委派某人做某事have/make an appointment with. 与………有约会／约定make an appointment. 预约keep/break an appointment. 守约／违约strike.(struck,struck)vt.& vi.划（火柴）；（灾难或疾病）侵袭，爆发；敲（钟）vt.打，击；撞，碰；突然想到 vi.＆n.罢工strike a match. 划火柴be struck by lightning. 被闪电击中be struck by/on/with. 被……打动；迷恋……strike the hour. 整点报时be on strike. 在罢工句式：strike sb.＋介词＋the（不可用物主代词代替）＋身体部位（若是“硬”部位，介词用 on若是“软”部位，介词用in）. 击打某人的…….Sth. strikes sb./It strikes sb. that... 某人突然想到…….拓展：“某人（突然）想到······”的表达方式：1）： Sth. occurs to sb./Sth. hits sb./Sth. strikes sb.2）：It occurs to sb. that.../It hits sb. that.../It strikes sb. that...scene .n.场景，场面；景色，景象；地点，现场a delightful rural scene. 赏心悦目的乡村景色battle scenes. 战斗场面the scene of the accident/crime. 事故／犯罪现场on the scene. 到现场at the scene. 在现场单词辨析：·scene：是scenery的一部分，多包括其中的人物及活动，是可数名词。·scenery：指某一地区的总的自然景色，是不可数名词。·sight：指“风景，名胜”，常用复数形式，多指人文景观。·view：指从某个角度，尤其是从高处或远处看到的景色。11. ashamed .adj.感到不好意,思的，难为情的→shame n.羞耻；,惭愧 vt.使蒙羞；,使惭愧, →shameful adj.,（行为）可耻的,be ashamed of. 对…..感到羞愧,或难为情be ashamed of oneself of. 为自己感到羞愧be ashamed that... 对…..感到惭愧be ashamed to do sth. 因做某事而感到惭愧to one’s shame. 令某人感到惭愧的是It is a shame that... 真遗憾…..What a shame！多可惜！／真遗憾！拓展：ashamed 常用作表语。有同样用法的单词还有 alone，asleep，awake， alike，aware，afraid，alive等。（英语中，very一般不修饰以a-开头的表语形容词，但有“程度”大小的形容词可以用very来修饰，如上面的画线词）location .n.地点，位置→locate vt.找出······的准确位置the exact／precise location. 确切位置the geographical location. 地理位置a convenient/an ideal/a suitable location. 方便的／理想的／合适的位置 be located in／on／at.. 位于…..，坐落在…….be located in／on／at... 在句中作状语、定语时要去掉be动词。13. surroundings .n.周围的事物，环境（复数）→surround vt.包围；围绕→Surrounding .adj.附近的，四周的enjoy／admire the surroundings. 享受环境／欣赏周边景色beautiful surroundings. 美丽的环境get/be used to the new surroundings. 适应新环境surround...with... 用……包围……be surrounded by/with... 被……包围／环绕surround oneself with sb./sth. 喜欢结交（某类人）；喜欢身边总有（某类东西）surrounding atmosphere. 周围气氛surrounding area. 周围地区surrounding environment. 周围环境personality .n.个性，性格→personal . adj.私人的；个人的→personally .adv.就个人而言；personality test. 人格测试personality type. 人格类型personality system. 人格体系personality characteristics. 人格特点personality formation. 人格形成拓展： personal information. 个人信息personal computer. 个人电脑personal income. 个人收入personal freedom. 人身自由近义词：feature n.特征；特色character n.性格nature n.性格，天性15.atmosphere . n.气氛，氛围，环境；空气；大气pollution of the atmosphere. 大气污染damp atmosphere. 潮湿的空气in the atmosphere. 在大气中atmosphere of peace and calm. 和平宁静的气氛the workplace atmosphere. 工作环境·atmosphere 指围绕地球的空气，即大气层；也指气氛，如 the tensefamily／home atmosphere 紧张的家庭气氛；还指（房间、封闭空间或某处的）空气（＝air）。·air空气，也泛指一般气体，如the fresh air outside 外面的新鲜空气。Unit 5 Into the wild第一组annual. adj.一年一度的，每年的 n.年刊，年鉴→annually adv.每年an annual event/report/meeting. 一年一度的大事／年度报告／年会annual budget/income/cost/rainfall. 年度预算／年收入／年度成本／年降雨量 hold…..annually. 每年举办.....2. seek. v.寻找，寻求 (sought,sought)seek the truth. 寻求真理seek one’s fortune. 寻找发财机会seek advice/help ( from sb.). （向某人）征求意见／请求帮助seek/find/come up with a solution. 寻找／找到／想出解决办法seek shelter. 寻求庇护seek work／a job. 找工作seek out. 找出，找到seek to do sth. 设法做某事seek for. 寻找，寻求同义表达：look for，search forseek after. 追求，探索seek through. 搜查遍……hide and seek. 捉迷藏（n.）3. manage to do... =succeed in doing... 设法做成….Manage to do:“设法做成”，动词不定式表示的动作成功了.try to do :“试图或努力做”，动词不定式表示的动作不一定成功,·manage it:表示“设法做到”，侧重能力和过程；而make it表示“做成，成功”，侧重结果。--I can manage it.我能对付得了／我能应付（常用作交际用语）·口语中 manage 常与 can，could， be able to 连用，表示“能对付”。4. find one's way (to...) 找到（去……..的）路lose one’s way. 迷路make one’s way. 行进feel one’s way. 摸索着前进push one’s way. 挤过去make way for. 给…….让路give way to… 被……取代in the way/in one's way. 挡路；挡着某人的路on the/one's way(to...). 在（去……的）路上5. measure. v.量，测量；估量，衡量；量度为. n.措施，办法；标准，尺度→measurable .adj.可测量的；显著的→measured. adj.慎重的measure sb.for sth. 给某人量（衣服）尺寸measure sth.by sth. 用……衡量….… take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事safety measures. 安全措施a temporary/an emergency measure. 临时／紧急措施made to measure. 量身定制的beyond measure. 非常，极其注意：measure 表示“（尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为”时，是连系动词，后跟量的结果，不用于被动语态和进行时态；作后置定语、状语或补语时要用现在分词形式。6. position .n.位置；适当的位置；处境，状况；地位；职位，职务；立场，态度 vt.安置；使处于the position of….. ………的位置in／out of position. 在／不在适当的位置put/place sb. in a good/an awkward position. 使某人处于有利的／尴尬的境地in a position of power/strength. 处于有权力／有实力的地位hold the position of... 担任…..职务one's position on... 某人在…..方面的立场take the position that... 认为……（that 引导同位语从句，对 the position 进行解释说明）单词辨析： position，situation，point，case， stage等表示抽象地点的名词作先行词且关系词在从句中作状语时，定语从句常用where引导。7. determine .v.测定，确定；决定→determined. adj.坚决的；有决心的→determination .n.决心determine the cause of the fire. 确定失火的原因determine to do sth. 决定做某事determine sb. to do sth. 使某人下决心做某事determine on／upon. 决定句型： determine that... 确定…..·determine to do sth. “决定做某事”， 强调动作。·be determined to do sth. “决心做某事”，表示状态。拓展：be determined to win. 志在必得with determination. 顽强地，有决心地admire one's determination. 钦佩某人的决心8. eventually .adv.终于，最终→eventual .adj.最后的succeed eventually. 最终成功marry eventually. 终于结婚--Eventually，she got a job and moved to London.注意：表示列举时，最后一项用finally 而不用eventually。9. solution .n.解决，解决方法→solve .vt. 解决；解答→solvable .adj.可以解决的the solution to..... .......的解决办法the best solution. 最好的解决办法a simple/an easy solution. 简单的解决办法find/come up with a solution. 找到／想出解决办法seek／look for a solution. 寻找解决办法provide／offer a solution. 提供解决办法remain to be solved. 有待解决solve difficulties. 解决困难solve a puzzle. 解决难题拓展：和介词to搭配的名词有：key（关键），answer，approach（方法），way（路），entrance，visit等。10. mystery .n.难以理解的事物，谜；神秘（性）；悬疑小说（或电影、戏剧）→mysterious .adj.神秘的；不可思议的remain a mystery. 仍然是个谜solve a mystery. 解开谜团be a mystery to sb. 对某人来说是个谜an unsolved mystery. 不解之谜---It’s a complete mystery. 这完全是个谜。a mysterious island. 神秘岛a mysterious illness. 奇怪的疾病11. amazing . adj.惊人的，了不起的→amaze. vt.使大为惊奇→amazed .adj. 大为惊奇的，惊讶的→amazement .n. 吃惊，惊奇→amazingly .adv. 惊人地→an amazing achievement/discovery/ performance. 惊人的成就／发现／表演find sb.／sth. amazing. 觉得……..了不起句It is amazing that／how... ………真是惊人。拓be amazed at/by/that... 对…………大为惊奇be amazed to see/find/learn... 惊讶地看到／发现／了解………to one’s amazement. 令某人惊奇的是in amazement. 惊奇地·-ing形容词常描述人或事物本身具有的特征，意为“令人………的”。·-ed形容词常说明人的感受，意为“感到………….的”。an amazing writer. 了不起的作家an amazed writer. 感到惊讶的作家12. crash .v.暴跌；撞击，碰撞n.撞击，碰撞crash by. 暴跌了…..crash to. 暴跌到………crash into. 撞上…….an air crash. 飞机失事a car crash. 车祸13. destroy .V.破坏，毁掉，摧毁→destruction .n.破坏，摧毁→destructive .adj.毁灭性的，造成破坏的（destroyed 过去式; destroyed 过去分词）be completely destroyed by the fire. 被火彻底烧毁destroy the environment. 破坏环境destroy one's confidence/hope/faith. 摧毁某人的信心／希望／信仰·destroy 指彻底、不能或很难修复的“破坏”“毁坏”。·damage指部分“破坏”“损坏”，一般可以修复。·ruin指严重的“毁坏”，侧重于破坏事物的内在价值。拓展：destroy 熟词生义：毁掉（希望、计划等）；杀死；消灭Her mother said the stress was destroying them all.14. cut down。砍倒cut down a tree. 砍倒一棵树cut down（on）. 减少，缩减cut down on accidents. 减少事故cut down fatty foods. 少吃高脂食物拓展：cut in. 插嘴，打断别人说话cut out. 裁剪；删除cut up. 切碎，剁碎cut off. 切掉；中断；使……..与外界隔绝cut across／through. 抄近路穿过15. lead to: 导致，造成；通往，通向lead to the traffic accident. 导致交通事故lead to health problems. 造成健康问题lead to the top of the hill. 通向山顶拓展：“导致，造成”的多种表达：cause, result in, bring about, contri-bute to16. survive .v.活下来，幸存；生存；艰难度过；比…..活得长→survival n.生存；幸存→survivor n.幸存者，生还者survive（＝live）on. 靠…..生存struggle to survive. 为了生存而奋斗survive the attack/earthquake. 在袭击／地震中幸免于难survive the crisis. 渡过危机survive sb. by... 比某人多活…..有些动词去e加-al变为名词：refuse→refusal. 拒绝 arrive→arrival.到达approve→approval 赞成propose→proposal 建议survive作“幸存，幸免于难”讲时为及物动词，其宾语通常为war，crisis, accident, fire, flood, attack, earthquake，air crash等，survive 后无需加from。Only one baby survived the terrible car crash.(V)Only one baby survived from the terrible car crash.(x)在那次可怕的车祸中只有一个婴儿生还。17. effect.n.影响，结果；效果→effective .adj.有效的；生效的effectively .adv.有效地；事实上have an effect on. 对……有影响come into effect. 生效；开始实施take effect. 生效；开始实施bring／put sth. into effect. 实行….. put into effect. 实行in effect. 实际上；事实上of no effect. 无效单词辨析：effect强调因果关系时，和cause相对。形近：·effect n.影响·affect vt.影响第二组accommodation .n.住处，工作场所→accommodate v.容纳（乘客等）；留宿；使…适应provide accommodation（s）for. 为……提供住宿provide comfortable accommodations for visitors. 为旅客提供舒适的住宿条件rented/temporary/furnished accommodation. 租的／临时的／有家具的住处accommodate (oneself) to. （使自己）适应accommodate easily. 轻易地适应found .v.创立，创建→foundation n.创建；创办；基础；根据→founder n.创建者，创始人found a club／company. 创办俱乐部／公司found...on... 将······建立在······之上be founded on 建立在······基础上；（建筑物）建立在······上注意：原形一过去式一过去分词：find（发现）-found-foundfound（建立）-founded-founded第三组recover .v.（从糟糕经历中）恢复→recovery n.恢复，康复recover health. 恢复健康recover sight. 恢复视力recover tiredness. 从疲劳中恢复recover from the operation. 手术后恢复recover an illness. 从疾病中恢复make a full recovery. 完全康复make a quick/slow recovery. 恢复很快／缓慢shock .n.吃惊，震惊v.使震惊→shocked adj.震惊的→shocking adj.令人震惊的（shock表示“令人震惊的事”时，为可数名词，常用单数形式） in shock. 处在震惊中；震惊地a big／great shock. 极大的震惊get／have a shock. 感到震惊give sb. a shock. 震惊某人come as a shock to sb. 让某人震惊句型：-- It is a shock to find／hear... 发现／听到……..让人震惊。--It shocks sb. to see/hear... 看到／听到…….使某人震惊。拓展：be shocked at….. 对…….感到震惊be shocked to see/hear sth…. 震惊地看到／听到某事be shocked that... 对……震惊a shocked look／expression. 震惊的表情a piece of shocking news. 一条令人震惊的消息3. variety .n.多样化，变化→various .adj.各种各样的→Vary .v.（彼此）相异；变化（variety 可被 wide，great，large 等修饰）a variety of. 各种各样的a variety of activities/reasons. 各种各样的活动／理由vary with... 随……….变化vary from...to... 从…………..到…………….变化／不等拓展：a variety of＋可数名词复数＋单数／复数谓语varieties of＋可数名词复数＋复数谓语the variety of＋可数名词复数＋单数谓语4. speed .vi.快速行驶 vt.促进，加快at a speed of….. 以……的速度at a speed of 50 mph. 以每小时50英里的速度拓展：at high／low／full／top speed. 以高速／低速／全速／最高速gain／gather／pick up speed. 加速speed by. 飞逝；飞驰而过speed up. （使）加速speed的过去式与过去分词分别为：sped/speeded,sped/speeded5. encounter .n.意外的相遇，邂逅. v.偶然碰到a chance encounter. 偶然相遇a close encounter with… 险遇…..have an encounter with… 与…..相遇encounter with… 遭遇，遇到….close encounter. 近距离接触；紧密交会come across/run across…… 偶然遇到；偶然发现6. concentrate .v.专注，专心→concentration n.专注，专心→concentrated .adj.全力以赴的；浓缩的concentrate on（doing）... 把注意力集中于（做）…..,专注（做）…..concentrate one's efforts/attention on（doing）... 集中精力／注意力于…be difficult/impossible to concentrate. 很难／不可能专心拓展：“集中精力于······”的其他表达：focus on….focus/fix one's mind/attention on….be buried/lost/absorbed in….pay attention to…..put one's heart into….devote oneself to…..7. freeze. (froze, frozen). v.突然停止，呆住；（使）结冰；冷冻→freezing .adj.极冷的；冰冻的 adv.极冷地 n.冰点→frozen .adj.冷冻的；结冰的；极冷freeze with horror. 吓呆freeze to death. 冻死be frozen to death. 被冻死freeze up. 冻住freeze over. （表面）结冰，封冻freezing cold. 极冷freezing point. 冰点注意：现在分词在习惯用法中可以作程度状语，意为“极度，很，非常”，起强调作用above/below freezing point. 在冰点以上／以下·freezing water. 冰冷的水·frozen water. 冻结的水8. stare . v.凝视，盯着看stare at.. 凝视，盯着看stare into the darkness/distance. 凝视黑夜／远方stare sb. up and down. 上下打量某人be staring sb. in the face. （某物）明摆在某人面前glare at. 怒视glance at. （匆匆）一瞥gaze at. 凝视，盯住9. respect .v.尊敬 n.尊敬show respect to sb. 对某人表示尊重 (=have respect for sb.)respect sb. for ( doing ) sth. 因（做）某事敬佩某人be respected by the villagers for his bravery. earn/win the respect of her neighbors. 赢得她邻居们的尊敬with respect. 尊敬地out of respect. 出于尊敬 10. after all. 毕竟，终究；还是例句：1）--I don＇t know why you＇re so concerned-it isn't your problem after all.--我不明白你为什么这样担心-毕竟这不是你的问题。2）--He wrote to say they couldn't give me a job after all.--他写信说他们还是不能给我一份工作。拓展：above all. 尤其，最重要的是（强调重要性）first of all. 首先，第一（强调顺序）（not）at all. 一点儿也（不），完全（不）all in all. 总的来说，总而言之in all. 共计11. reaction .n.（对某一情形或事件的）反应(~to)reaction time. 反应时间chemical reaction. 化学反应drug reaction. 药物反应chain reaction. 连锁反应sb.'s first/immediate reaction. 某人的第一反应拓展：react vi.反应react to对……起反应；对…..作出回应react with与…..起（化学）反应注意：reaction to 与react to中的to均为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。Unit 6 At one with nature第一组1. wrap .v.包，裹wrap...up 把…………包起来wrap up a present. 包礼物wrap A（up）in. B用B把A包起来wrap A round/around B. 用A把B包起来注意：wrap的过去式、过去分词、现在分词都要双写p。wrap-wrapped-wrapped-wrapping2. therefore .adv.因此，由此·therefore adv.较正式，常用于数字逻辑和其他正式的严谨推论中。·so conj.非正式用语，常用于简短的会话和日常文体中，推理不必严谨。注意：therefore可引出一个独立句，但不能连接两个句子，因此当therefore 前没有and等连词时，前面须用分号。3. shallow .adj.浅的；肤浅的；弱的→shallowly .adv.浅地；肤浅地shallow waters. 浅水区a shallow well. 浅井a shallow argument. 肤浅的论点shallow breathing. 微弱的呼吸拓展： deep adj.深的；深刻的profound adj.深奥的；知识渊博的4. prevent .v.阻挡，防止→prevention .n.防止；预防→preventable adj.可预防的；可阻止的prevent...（from）doing sth. 阻止…….做某事拓展：protect...from／against... 保护…..免受……的侵害stop...（from）doing sth. 阻止………做某事keep...from doing sth. 阻止…..做某事注意：以上三个短语用于主动语态时，keep...from doing sth.中的from不能省略，因为省略后的keep...doing sth.表示“让….一直做某事”。用于被动语态时，这三个短语中的from都不能省略。5. harmony .n.融洽相处，和谐→harmonious .adj.和谐的；协调的.live/work in harmony. 融洽地生活／工作in harmony with….. 与………..协调／一致out of harmony with… 与……….不一致／不协调sense of harmony. 和谐感拓展：harmonioussociety. 和谐社会Harmonious relations. 和谐关系Harmonious world. 和谐世界--Only in this way can we live in harmony with nature.--只有这样我们才能与大自然和谐相处。(“only＋状语”置于句首以示强调时，句子用部分回装)6. design .v.设计；计划. n.设计；图案；意图→designer .n.设计师，设计者design sth. for sb. 为某人设计某物be designed for… 为…..而设计／准备be designed to do sth. 为做某事而设计；目的是做某事well／badly designed. 设计良好／糟糕modern in design. 设计上很时尚by design／on purpose. 故意地by accident／by chance. 偶然，意外地make designs for….. 为….制作设计方案7. provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物provide oneself. 自备；自办provide for. 供养，供给provide service. 提供服务provide against. 规定禁止；预防·provide强调提供所需之物:1):provide sb. with sth. 2):provide sth. for sb. ·supply 尤指大量供应、供给:1):supply sb. with sth.2):supply sth.to sb. ·offer 强调主动提供:1):offer sb.sth. 2):offer sth.8. harm .v/n.伤害，损害→harmful .adj.有害的→harmless .adj.无害的harm the environment. 危害环境harm one's image/reputation. 损害某人的形象／名声do harm to（＝do...harm）. 对….有害cause harm to… 对….造成损害mean no harm to sb. 对某人没有恶意do more harm than good. 弊大于利拓展：be harmful to( =do harm to) 对……有害be harmless to…. 对…..无害there is no harm in doing sth.=it does no harm to do sth. 不妨做某事第二组1 .replace .v.以….替换，更换；取代；把....放回原处→replacement .n.更换，替换be replaced by. 被….取代／代替replace A with B. 用B代替A replace the book on the shelf. 把书放回架子上拓展：“代替”的其他表达法：take one's placein one's placeinstead oftake the place ofin place of2. beauty .n.美，美丽；美人，美好的东西→beautiful .adj.美丽的the beauty of the sunset/poetry/ singing. 落日／诗作／歌声之美a woman of great beauty. 大美人an area of outstanding natural beauty. 自然景色十分优美的地方拓展：抽象名词具体化：beauty 美丽→a beauty一个美人，一个美好的东西failure 失败→a failure一个失败的人，一件失败的事success成功→a success一个成功的人，一件成功的事3. grand .adj.宏伟的，壮丽的；重大的，主要的a grand country house. 豪华的乡间大宅on a grand scale. 大规模a grand ambition. 宏伟的理想a granddesign. 宏伟的蓝图a grand prize. 大奖4 .narrow. adj.狭窄的，不宽的；狭隘的；勉强的. V.（使）变窄，缩小→narrowly .adv.勉强地，狭隘地narrow-minded. 心胸狭窄的，有偏见的a narrow street／bridge. 狭窄的街道／桥a narrow view of life. 狭隘的人生观have a narrow escape. 死里逃生，险些遇险a narrow victory／defeat. 险胜／惜败narrow one’s eyes. 眯起眼睛narrow the gap. 缩小差距narrow sth. down. 缩小······的范围narrowly escaped injury. 险些受伤lose narrowly. 以微弱差距败北5. desert ./'dezət/.n.沙漠，荒漠 /di'z3:t/.vt.遗弃，抛弃→deserted .adj.被遗弃的；空寂无人的in the desert. 在沙漠中across／through the desert. 穿越沙漠become／turn into desert. 变成沙漠the Sahara Desert. 撒哈拉沙漠a cultural desert. 文化沙漠a deserted child. 遭遗弃的孩子a deserted village. 被舍弃的村庄a deserted street. 空无一人的街道6．so that引导目的状语从句--Eating a lot of fish and meat keeps our bodies strong so that we can fight the cold.--吃许多鱼和肉使我们的身体强壮，这样我们就可以抵御寒冷。解析：so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便，为了”，从句中常含有may，might，can，could等情态动词。--He got up very early so that he could catch the early bus.他起得很， 便能赶上早班公共汽车。拓展：so that 还可引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，所以”，从句中通常不用情态动词。--He got up very early so that he caught the early bus.他起得很早， 所以赶上了早班公共汽车。so...that也引导结果状语从句，意为“如此…….以至于…….”。7. make+it+adj./n.+ (for sb./sth.) to do sth.--The cold weather makes it dif-ficult for us to grow enough vegetables and fruit.寒冷的天气--使我们很难种出足够的蔬菜和水果。解析：it是形式宾语，后面的不定式短语是真正的宾语，it后的形容词或名词作宾补，for用于引出不定式短语的逻辑主语。拓展：“vt.＋it＋宾补＋真正的宾语”可以总结为“6123结构”：6指六个常用动词：make，think，believe, find, consider, feel;1指形式宾语it；2指宾补的两种形式：形容词和名词；3指真正宾语的三种形式：不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）、that从句。（宾补是no good，no use等时）第三组1. publish .v.出版；刊登；公布→publisher .n.出版者，出版商；发行人→publication n.出版；出版物；发表publish the first edition. 出版第一版publish readers’ letters. 刊登读者来信publish the latest unemployment figures. 公布最新的失业数字单词辨析：publish 与come out 都有“出版”之意。·publish是及物动词，一般是人作主语。·come out是不及物动词词组，一般是物作主语。2.expert .adj.内行的，专家的 n.专家，行家 be expert at／in（doing）sth. 在（做）某事方面在行seek expert advice/an expert opinion. 征求专家的意见be/become an expert at/on/in… 在….方面是专家／成为专家a computer/medical expert. 计算机／医学专家3.limited . adj.有限的→limit .vt.限制，限定 n.界限；限度→limitless adj.无限的；无止境的→limitation .n.限制；局限limited resources. 有限的资源limited number/amount. 有限的数量have limited success. 取得有限的成效limited time. 有限的时间a limited company. 有限责任公司（be of） limited use／value. 作用有限limit...to... 把…限制在…内be limited to... 局限于…....beyond the limit. 超过限度without limit（s）. 无限制地within limits. 在某种程度上；有一定限制set a limit to／on…. 对…..设定限度拓展：There is a／no limit to... ……是有／无限度的。（to是介词）4.rent .v.租用，租借 n.租金rent sth. from sb. 从某人那里租用某物rent sth.（out）to sb. 把某物租给某人a high／low rent. 高的／低的租金for rent. （尤用于告示）出租，招租pay the rent. 支付租金raise／put up the rent. 提高租金5.as well as…. 除…之外；也，还；和….一样好(表示同级比较)·Aas well as B 强调A，作主语时，谓语动词的数与A保持一致。·not only A but also B 强调B，作主语时，谓语动词的数与B保持一致。The teacher as well as the students likes this painting.=Not only the students but also the teacher likes this painting.不但学生，而且老师也喜欢这幅画。注意：as well as 与动词连用时，其后可用动名词形式，尤其是当 as well as位于句首时，此时相当于in addition to6.allow sb./sth.to do sth.允许某人／某物做某事 allow doing sth. 允许做某事permit doing sth. 允许做某事permit sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事advise doing sth. 建议做某事advise sb.to do sth. 建议某人做某事被动结构：sb.／sth.be allowed to do sth.7.in doubt 有疑问，处在疑虑当中be in doubt about… 对….有疑问be never in doubt. 从未受到怀疑without／beyond doubt. 毫无疑问地There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问…….have some/no doubt about.. 对….有／没有疑问注意：There is some doubt whether... 对是否…..尚有疑问。(whether不能用if替换，这是whether引导同位语从句)8. reflection n.反映；映像；反射；深思reflect on/upon…. 认真思考.... reflect on one’s decision. 反思某人的决定reflect the views of... 反映………的意见be reflected in….. 反映在……….中；映在…………中 be a reflection of… 是………的反映on／upon reflection. 经过考虑后9.benefit .n.好处，益处 v.使受益；得益于→beneficial .adj.有利的，有用的to one's benefit=to the benefit of sb. 对某人有利for one's benefit=for the benefit of… 为了….的利益be of benefit to=be beneficial to…. 对…有益benefit from/by... 得益于…，从…中受益警对某人有益:benefit sb.(V)benefit to sb.(x)benefit for sb.(x)10.pleasant .adj.令人愉快的→please .v.（使）高兴→pleased .adj.高兴的；满意的→pleasure .n.快乐；乐趣a pleasant climate. 宜人的气候a pleasant chat. 令人愉快的交谈wish you a pleasant trip. 祝你旅途愉快a pleasant working/learning environment. 舒适的工作／学习环境a pleasant smell. 令人心旷神怡的气味围 be pleased with…. 对….满意for pleasure. 为了消遣／娱乐11.energy .n.力量，活力；能量→energetically .adv.精力充沛地；积极地→energetic .adj.精力充沛的；积极的 be full of energy. 充满活力have the energy to do sth. 有精力做某事devote one's time and energy to. 把时间和精力投入到.....an energy source. 能量来源feel energetic. 感觉精力充沛keep energetic. 保持活力be energetic in doing sth. 积极做某事外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册期末复习：Unit 1-6共6套单元测试卷汇编必修第一册Unit 1单元测试卷第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAre you looking for a great day camp program for your little ones this summer? Here we have rounded up some of the best summer camps close to New York.Atletico de MadridThis camp once worked with Arsenal Football Club. It offers boys and girls aged 5-16 chances to train with one of the world’s most successful soccer colleges. Two players from die camp will be chosen by coaches to play a game in Madrid in October. This year, this camp will be running for two weeks.Abrons Art CenterThe Abrons Art Center offers learning experiences in dance, music and theater to campers aged 5-13. Campers will take part in an exchange with professional artists and arts workers, who will explain the artistic process. Extended (延长的) day classes provide more opportunities for arts learning.A Montessori SummerA Montessori Summer is for children aged 3.5-14. Each week, the program provides the students with a day trip away from school. Usually, children can enjoy the trips to beaches, parks and wildlife preserves (保护区) and they also go mountain-climbing. Certainly, these activities make students’ life more colorful.92YThe 92Y offers all kinds of experiences to every camper, from their outdoor day camps in beautiful Rockland County (suitable for kids from 5-13 years of age) to their Preschool Day Camp for kids from 3-5 years of age. They also include more camps in the city for kids aged 3-18. From sports to language learning to adventure camps, every kid can pick whatever they like.1. Campers in the Atletico de Madrid may have a chance to ____________.A. attend a famous soccer college in MadridB. win a two-week free training courseC. join Arsenal Football Club for freeD. take a trip to Madrid2. Which program is best suitable for campers interested in performance?A. A Montessori Summer.B. Atletico de Madrid.C. Abrons Art Center.D. 92Y.3. How is the 92Y different from the other three programs?A. It has suitable camps for kids of different age groups.B. Its activities mainly take place in cities.C. Its adventure camps are very popular.D. It often holds some sports games.BEvery day for a week, a strange, happy visitor would drop to play with Vanessa Prior’s pet dog Bobby. She thought Bobby had made a new dog friend. It seemed very friendly and got well along with Bobby. They would run after each other, play on the pool cover, gently wrestle or nap side by side.At first she thought it was a wild dog. But when she posted a photo of the two playing on her Facebook, a pet rescue center called her. The group told her the Atlanta Wolf Project had been trying to catch the wolf for months, but they failed. Prior gave them new hope.Because of the wolf’s friendship with her pet dog, it was likely to come back to her backyard. Researchers hoped Prior could help them. When they put some traps (陷阱) in the back of her yard, Prior got a very complicated feeling. She couldn’t describe what it was, but she was closely surrounded by it. The wolf would be in a safe place, but she would do something that harmed Bobby’s feelings.Researchers told Prior that they would take the rare, black wolf to the Yellow River Wildlife Sanctuary where it would live with another wolf. They didn’t think it a fulfilling situation for a wild animal like a wolf to be connecting with humans’ life. They need to keep a natural awareness to humans and pets and keep to themselves.Wolf experts added they would look into the genetics (遗传学) of the animal to try to learn why it liked to get close to people and tried to play with their pets. Some experts believe it could have a history with well-meaning humans. Prior had not expected that they should meet such a special and lovely wolf. She and Bobby just hoped the dear friend all the best.4. What happened to Vanessa Prior according to the first two paragraphs?A. She was worried about her dog’s safety.B. She was awarded for her meaningful picture.C. She realized her dog made friends with a wolf.D. She learnt a lot of knowledge of wolves from researchers.5. How did Prior respond when some traps were set?A. She was afraid to lose Bobby.B. She regretted helping the researchers.C. She was worried about the wolf’s future.D. She had bittersweet feelings about the wolf.6. What does the underlined word “fulfilling” in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Changeable.B. Satisfying.C. Strange.D. Worrying.7. What can be inferred about the black wolf from the last two paragraphs?A. It is a kind and sociable animal.B. It was once kept as a human pet.C. It will stay with Bobby for some time.D. It will be sent to the wild to live with other animals.CMost parents are worried the first time they catch their kids out in a lie. According to child and teen psychiatrist Gayani DeSilva, lying can actually be a sign of healthy development in young children. “Kids lie for many reasons, and much of it is normal,” DeSilva says. “People are not born with the knowledge of communicating with others and getting their needs met. They’ll experiment with different communication styles and techniques until they find the ones that work best for them. Lying is one of those techniques.”As kids get older, they become more aware of how their actions affect others, and many will lie less frequently. In spite of this, parents still need to Lead their kids to form a habit of not lying. According to DeSilva, when children lie, look at them directly and ask what they need. After they tell you, gently remind them that telling you directly will be more effective than lying.It’s also a good idea to model the behavior you want to see in your kids. In other words, don’t lie to your children. This will set you and your children on a course of open communication and trust.In some cases, lying is a sign of a deeper issue. A child who is neglected will lie more than a child who has attentive and responsive parents. He’s not sure whether he’s loved. He may lie to please others. The same goes for a child who has experienced something unpleasant. He may lie to try to hide his shame, avoid admitting his needs, or to control his surroundings to ensure his safety.By paying attention to the reasons behind a lie, parents can figure out what need to be done. For example, while Jack might lie about completing his homework in order to play video games, he also might be trying to avoid negative feelings connected with school work, and this is just where parents should start, says therapist Gideon Javna.8. What can be inferred about lying from DeSilva’s words?A. It has certain benefits for the healthy growth of kids.B. It shows the understanding between kids and parents.C. It can be an effective means of communication for kids.D. It is so common for kids that parents can completely ignore it.9. How can parents get their children to tell the truth?A. By pretending to trust them at first.B. By encouraging them to admit their needs.C. By telling them directly the harm of lying.D. By punishing them for their lying in a safe way.10. The author mentioned the two kids in Paragraph 4 to show _____________.A. It’s common for children to lieB. It’s important to be a generous parentC. lying can damage family relationshipsD. lying is a reflection of one’s mental trouble11. What should Jack’s parents do according to Javna?A. Ask him to avoid playing video games:B. Turn his attention to other positive things.C. Give him a second chance to finish homework.D. Listen to and help solve his problem related to school work.DWhen your boss calls and tells you to send $100,000 to a supplier, be on your toes. It could be a fake call. As if fake emails weren’t enough, on the rise now is the deep fake audio (虚假音频) that can be cloned to sound almost real and perfect and is easy to create. “It’s on the rise, and something to watch out for,” says Vijay Balasubramaniyan, the CEO of a company called Pindrop.Balasubramaniyan stated during a safety meeting how easy it is to use machine to create sentences that a person probably never said from recorded words. “All you need is five minutes of audio, and you can create fake audio,” says Balasubramaniyan. Then, he showed a database (数据库) of voices, typed a sentence, and connected it to a famous people’s name on the list. A few seconds later, he clicked “play”, and it sounded quite real.More costly are fake phone calls, where cheaters are able to fake the phone number of real contacts and make calls that result in workers sending off lots of money. He mentioned the example of a United Kingdom energy company in 2019 that got attacked by deep fake audio in a call that asked a worker to send $243,000 to a supplier. Reported by the Wall Street Journal, the worker was directed to pay it within an hour.Balasubramaniyan says if you were to get that kind of call from a “boss” be doubtful and ask to call back right away to prove authenticity (真实性). Besides this, in his opinion, companies need to use more safety measures for keeping up with deep fake artificial intelligence (AI) that produces phone calls and software to check authenticity versus fake calls. “This is a threat that’s waiting to happen,” he says. “It’s a very small number now, but it’s very real.”12. Why does the author say “be on your toes” in the first paragraph?A. To warn people to be careful.B. To ask people to obey the order.C. To tell people to make an excuse.D. To advise people to put off the deal.13. How is fake audio usually made according to Paragraph 2?A. By attacking the Internet.B. By copying some old audio.C. By recording people’s voices.D.. By building sentences from a voice database.14. Why is the example of a United Kingdom energy company mentioned?A. To show the terrible result of fake audio.B. To point out the company’s safety problems.C. To explain the Internet support of fake audio.D. To study the communication methods of the company.15. What does Balasubramaniyan tell us in the last paragraph?A. How to make better use of AI.B. How to protect workers from fake audio.C. How to collect workers’ personal information.D. How to carry out effective business exchanges.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Race walking (竞走) has become more and more popular in recent years. 16 For example, it can make a person stronger and more patient.Race walking is different from running. The race walker should take the correct running posture (姿势). He must never be completely out of contact with the ground, which means the back foot cannot folly leave the surface until the front foot has touched the ground. In addition, the leg carrying the race walker’s weight must remain completely straight until his body has passed over it. 17 If not, he will be warned (警告) by judges (裁判) and even lose the chance to continue the competition.18 Some race walkers can reach a speed very close to that of professional runners. In 2008, the men’s 20 km race walk world record was one hour sixteen minutes and forty-three seconds, while the current world record for a 20 km run was fifty-five minutes and forty-eight Seconds.Race walking has become an important Olympic event. At first, only men were allowed to take part in race walking in the Olympics. Some years later, women were also allowed to take part in it in the Olympics. Women are typically slower than men in race walking. 19If you want to learn it, you can read some books or watch videos to find out the basics of race walking. 20 You’ll receive good guidance on the skills of race walking.A. But their record scores are fairly close.B. The correct posture is not easy to stick to.C. The race walker must follow these basic rules.D. It’s a sport helpful to people’s health and mind.E. Or you can turn to a race walking coach directly.F. Learning race walking can be tiring in the beginning.G. The speed of race walking can be even as fast as that of running.第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The parents who adopted (收养) Bruce Hollywood encouraged him to find his Japanese birth mother. But he never became 21 until he had a heart attack, when he realized that he regretted never 22 with his birth mother.No sooner had he recovered than he began 23 his birth mother. He called the Japanese Embassy (大使馆), but there was no 24 information, which made him really unhappy. Luckily, he met an army man on the plane 25. They had a casual 26. When Bruce mentioned his 27 search, the man 28 Bruce to give him all the information he had 29 and told him he would help him. 30 Bruce had a low expectation, he followed what the man said. Ten days later, he got an unexpected call.The spokesperson said, “Bruce, we’re happy to tell you that ,we have found your mother. Because she doesn’t speak English, you’d better find a 31.” Finally, Bruce got to communicate with his birth mother, who was crying with 32. He learned that it was she who had given him the name Bruce. And he later 33 the restaurant his birth mother had owned for decades in Shizuoka, Japan and found out she had named it “Bruce”.Bruce couldn’t 34 the moving words he heard when seeing his birth mother for the first time in 45 years. He learned that love could always stand the test of 35 and distance.21. A. interestedB. worried C. surprisedD. afraid22. A. workingB. playing C. talkingD. arguing23. A. looking forB. dealing withC. waiting forD. caring about24. A. uselessB. unique C. valuableD. familiar25. A. on timeB. by chance C. on purposeD. by mistake26. A. conversationB. meeting C. gatheringD. discussion27. A. boringB. relaxing C. disappointingD. inspiring28. A. requiredB. warned C. allowedD. advised29. A. checked B. ignored C. lostD. collected30. A. SinceB. ThoughC. Unless D. When31. A. friendB. translatorC. teacher D. guide32. A. joy B. fearC. anxiety D. anger33. A. leftB. designedC. visitedD. ran34. A. forgetB. believe C. rememberD. explain35. A. moneyB. time C. classD. energy第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Black Friday is a popular holiday, which is usually celebrated (36) _____________ day after Thanksgiving in the United States. On this day, Americans all over the country rise at dawn in order to stand at the head of the line at (37) _____________ (vary) stores, so that they can get deeply discounted (打折的) deals offered by these stores.This day is called Black Friday because it is the day on which many traders “hit the black”, (38) _____________ (mean) that they start to make money after being “in the red”, all year long. The traders used (39) _____________ (write) with a red pen on their ledgers (账簿) to show losses and black inks to show gains. It is not how this holiday gets its name, although it is (40) _____________ (common) believed by the public to be the case.Although this day (41) _____________ (continue) to be a big holiday in the United States, it is beginning to lose some of its (42) _____________ (popular). That is because more and more people are turning (43) _____________ (they) attention to online shopping. It allows them to buy what they want (44) _____________ convenience. As a result, Cyber (网络的) Monday appears, (45) _____________ is a day directly competes with Black Friday and may lead to its downfall.第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，你的新西兰好友Robin来信祝贺你升入高中并且想了解你的高中生活，请你给他回信，内容包括：1.感谢关心；2.介绍高中生活；3.表示期待。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。The other day I was travelling to San Antonio by train to visit my sister. The train was a little crowded and there was a young man sitting next to the window. Since it was a hot day, I wanted that window seat more than anything else at that time. As a young lady, I thought the young man would give me the seat if I asked him. So I smiled at him and asked whether he could give up his seat and take another one. To my surprise, he said that he needed that seat and refused my request. I had no choice but to take the seat next to him.The train was crossing station after station. The weather was so hot that the scenery (风景) outside the window could not attract my interest. I had nothing to do, so I started to focus my attention on the young man and stare at him up and down. He wore a blue shirt and there was a shawl (披巾) on his legs. He did not even rise from his seat once, which made me feel a little bit strange. Moreover, only a madman would use a shawl in such hot weather, I thought.After the five-hour long journey, the train arrived at the final stop. I picked up my bag and stood up, waiting for the door to open. I gave a neglectful (不经意的) look at the young man and asked, “The train has arrived at the final station. Are you not getting off?” Hearing my words, he began to smile at me and said in a calm voice, “Someone has to come for me and take me off the train because I can’t do it by myself.” I gave my foil attention to his legs, only to find there was nothing under that shawl!Paragraph 1:The man was a disabled person. ____________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:After hearing his story, I could not meet his eyes anymore!_____________________________________________________________________________听说训练1PART A: Reading Aloud 模仿朗读(满分20分)In this part, you are required to watch a video clip and read after the speaker in the video.This galaxy of little lights is created by thousands of living creatures. Any animal that lives in a cave has to cope with complete blackness, but in New Zealand some have turned this darkness to their advantage. A silken strand is lowered from the ceiling, alongside hundreds of others. Beautiful though these threads are, they have a sinister purpose..PART B: Role Play角色扮演(满分16分)In this part, you are required to act as a role and complete three communicative tasks: listen to a speaker, ask the speaker three questions and then answer five questions.角色：你是Tom。任务：(1)你与朋友Mary讨论关于英语训练营的话题；(2)根据谈话内容回答问题。1. Now please ask the speaker three questions.问题1:现在请准备提出第一个问题。(中文提示:你们的英语训练营在哪里举办的?)Q: _____________________________________________________________________________问题2:现在请准备提出第二个问题。(中文提示:你最喜欢训练营的哪一部分?)Q: _____________________________________________________________________________问题3:现在请准备提出第三个问题。(中文提示:你觉得参加英语训练营有用吗?)Q: _____________________________________________________________________________2. Now please get ready to answer five questions.问题1:现在请准备回答第一个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________问题2:现在请准备回答第二个问题。A:问题3:现在请准备回答第三个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________问题4:现在请准备回答第四个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________问题5:现在请准备回答第五个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________PART C: Retelling故事复述(满分24分)In this part, you are required to listen to a monologue and then retell it based on what you have heard.梗概：小男孩正在田野上走着，一只羊向他求助，最终他救起了困在池塘里的小羊。关键词：boy (男孩) sheep (羊) lamb (小黑羊) pool (池塘) save (救)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________听力练习1第一节听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What will Mary do after graduating from college?A. Find a job.B. Study abroad.C. Go traveling.2. How often does the man usually see his daughter?A. Once a month. B. Once a week.C. Twice a month.3. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. On a playground. B. In a classroom.C. In an office.4. What does the man’s wife think of taking a flight?A. Costly. B. Exciting. C. Frightening.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从所听到的内容中获取信息，回答相应小题。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第5段材料，回答第5、6题。5. What will the woman do tomorrow morning?A. See a film.B. Watch a game.C. Write a report.6. How long will the movie last?A. For one hour. B. For two hours.C. For one and a half hours.听第6段材料，回答第7至9题。7. Why is David at the airport?A. To catch a flight. B. To see off a friend.C. To pick up his wife.8. What’s the color of the woman’s hair?A. Brown. B. Golden. C. Gray.9. What will Lisa mainly do in Paris?A. Learn French. B. Take a course.C. Go sightseeing.听第7段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Why is Mark going to Clemson University?A. To study there. B. To visit someone.C. To learn more about it.11. When will the man help the woman?A. This Sunday morning.B. This Sunday afternoon.C. This Saturday afternoon.12. What’s probably the relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues. B. Classmates.C. Brother and sister.听第8段材料，回答第13至15题。13. Why did the speakers most probably go to Thailand?A. To visit the father. B. To take a holiday.C. To work there.14. How fer is the Thai restaurant from the speakers’ home?A. A one-hour bus ride away.B. A forty-minute car ride. away.C. A thirty-minute bus ride away.15. What will the speakers do this weekend?A. Celebrate the father’s birthday.B. Prepare some nice food.C. Make a birthday card. 听第9段材料，回答第16至20题。A travel plan参考答案1-5 DCACD 6-10 BACBD 11-15 DADAB16-20 DCGAE 21-25 ACACB26-30 ACDDB 31-35 BACAB36-45 (One possible version)36. the 37. various 38. meaning39. to write 40. commonly 41. continues42. popularity 43. their 44. with 45. which写作(One possible version) 第一节Dear Robin,　How is everything going? Thank you for congratulating me on my entering high school in your last letter.　I can’t wait to share my senior high life with you. I have made several new friends, and my new teachers here are all professional, helpful and kind to us. Moreover, there are various school activities for us students to take part in every term. I believe I will spend a wonderful time in the next three years. Would you like to share something about your senior high with me?　Looking forward to hearing from you.Yours,Li Hua第二节Paragraph 1:　The man was a disabled person. Both of his legs were gone. I couldn’t believe what I saw and didn’t know how to ease my embarrassment. Seeing the surprised expression on my face, the young man explained, “I lost both of my legs in a car accident three years ago. I’m a medical student and went to pay a visit to my parents and now I am returning to school. One of my classmates will come to pick me up.”Paragraph 2:　After hearing his story, I could not meet his eyes anymore! I wished I could disappear in front of him at that moment. I didn’t get off the train until his classmate walked to his seat and picked him up. How could I have such a strange idea about a person without knowing him? I realized it’s always necessary to understand the truth behind someone’s words or actions. I have given up my wrong opinions about others without thinking since then.听力练习1参考答案1-5 BCBCC 6-10 CCABC 11-15 ABBAA 16-20 (One possible version) 16. London 17. 10:00 am 18. umbrella 19. comfortable 20. quiet外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册Unit 2单元测试卷第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A1. What type of person is the little girl in the book?A. Brave and kind.B. Honest and gentle.C. Creative and talented.D. Determined and confident.2. Why did Aaron Becker travel to different countries?A. To go on business.B. To find creative inspiration.C. To apply for a perfect college.D. To look.for a publisher for his next book.3. What can be concluded about this book from the reviews?A. It teaches children to be independent.B. It arouses children’s interest in painting.C. It helps new readers learn words quickly.D. It is wonderfully illustrated without words.BJean was a teacher who taught first grade. She drove an old Jetta with dull blue paint and worn seats. It wasn’t the speediest tool, but Jean was never late to work. In fact, each school day she was the first teacher to arrive and the last teacher to leave.She took great care to plan instruction, create assessments, and decorate her classroom. Parents in the neighborhood would beat down the principal’s door to have their children arranged to her class. Jean could teach a mouse to read, and all her students passed into second grade with advanced vocabularies and language skills.One August, two sisters in high school did not want to enter foster care (家庭寄养). They contacted their first grade teacher, Jean. Jean lived in quite an ordinary home with her son. Yet, she took the sisters in. Packed with children, the little blue Jetta sputtered (劈啪作响), but they had a good laugh.One day, Jean spoke about her car, which she had driven for many years and had been old enough to retire. It was kind of dangerous for students to ride in such a car. She wanted a van. However, a new van was not within her ability. As a good friend, I listened to her concerns. Then, an idea came to me. I wrote a letter to The Oprah Winfrey Show, sharing Jean’s story and her wish.A month passed. Jean was invited to attend The Oprah Winfrey Show. Oprah hugged the teacher and told the details of Jean’s story. Oprah announced that Jean deserved a new van.The year was 1999. Six hundred miles away, I watched the joy of it all from the television. Jean’s big heart taught me many lessons that year. One of them is that the simplest acts (like writing a letter) can require a strong faith. And nothing impossible.4. What can we know about Jean from the first two paragraphs?A. She was popular as a responsible and skilled teacher.B. She was famous for being strict with students.C. She got along well with many parents.D. She led a very difficult early life.5. The author told the story of two sisters and Jean to tell us _____________.A. the old blue car brought happiness to themB. foster care led the two sisters to an unhappy lifeC. the two sisters caused inconvenience to Jean’s lifeD. Jean valued her students and her students trusted her6. Why did the author write to a hot talk show?A. She hoped to get Jean a pay rise.B. She expected to help Jean get a van.C. She wanted to support more strangers.D. She meant to make Jean a famous teacher.7. What did the author learn from Jean according to the last paragraph?A. One should stay positive in life.B. Everything is possible when people try it.C. One should make friends with excellent people.D. A powerful belief can help people succeed easily.CA new study of fifth and sixth graders in Germany examined the relation between classmates’ gender stereotypes (性别刻板印象) and individual students’ reading outcomes to explain how these stereotypes contribute to the gender gap in reading.“It’s a cycle of sorts,” explains Francesca Muntoni, a researcher at the University of Hamburg, who leads the study. “Reading is first thought as a female advantage.” It stresses that girls are born to have an advantage in reading, which in turn greatly affects boys by causing them to devalue their actual reading ability. So finally, it damages their reading motivation (积极性).”The study has proven that boys are less motivated to read and hold weaker reading-related beliefs about their own skills if they hold the strong stereotype mentioned above. And accordingly, they perform poorly in the reading test. The effect of classmates’ stereotypes is seen over and above the effect of individual stereotypes. The study found fewer individual positive effects and no effects of classmates, stereotyping on reading-related outcomes for girls.The researchers say although their study provides evidence of lasting negative effects of stereotypical beliefs in a classroom context, they need more experimental findings on the subject. They also note that students’ gender stereotypes were measured by self-reports, which might limit their accuracy. Finally, they point out that their study did not settle how gender stereotypes were formed.“To solve socially the determined gender inequality in reading and help create classroom contexts that discourage students from acting on their stereotypical beliefs, teacher and parents may consider educating boys and girls in ways that change stereotypical behaviors. And thus students can become aware of their gender stereotypes to counteract their effects on other students’ outcomes and to create a gender-fair learning environment,” says Jan Retelsdorf, professor of the University of Hamburg, who co-authored the study.8. What is the gender stereotype in terms of study?A. Girls read faster than boys.B. Girls are better at reading than boys.C. Boys do worse than girls in reading exams.D. Boys are less interested in reading than girls.9. What can we conclude from the study?A. Boys are easily affected by comments from others.B. Boys with the stereotype will be badly discouraged in reading.C. The stereotype makes girls perform better in reading-related fields.D. The stereotype held by groups is as damaging as the one from individuals.10. What do the researchers mean in Paragraph 4?A. There is still much to be improved in their study.B. They have much difficulty with their further study.C. They fail to check stereotypical beliefs from adults.D. There may be some advantages related to stereotypes.11. What does the underlined word “counteract” in the last paragraph mean?A. Increase. B. Realize. C. Reduce. D. Keep.DInuring a pandemic (流行病), for many reasons, there are lots of poor parents who are isolated (隔离) with their kids, or roommates who are stuck together in an apartment. But what about the people who have nobody to talk to?It is common that people feel lonely. However, during the pandemic, this situation can be much worse for experiences like long-time hospital stays or being unable to move due to poor health, disability or age.Recently, a friendly robot named Robin got a test run in the children’s treatment center of the Wigmore Clinic in Yerevan. About as tall as an 8-year-old child, Robin’s plastic body and square head may not put you in mind of a human partner, but its face screen containing two big eyes and expressive brows (眉毛) is attractive, which can help children forget their stress for a while.A hospital can be very stressful for anybody. And the time of treatment and recovery might seem tiresomely long to an adult stuck in a hospital bed. For a child who can’t play with his or her friends or sometimes even family, the long course and boring atmosphere seem unbearable. That’s where Robin comes in. It can recognize (识别) facial expressions and use the mood of a talk to build personalized, natural conversations and dialogues with a lonely child in the way another child might use. Robin also plays games, tells stories, and makes children take part in various other activities.According to Expper Technologies, the makers of Robin, during the program with Wigmore Clinic, Robin improved the experience of children in the hospital by 26 percent over those who did not have the chance to play with Robin, and reduced their stress levels by 34 percent during their hospital stay. Mary, whose son was one of those users, said, “Thanks to Robin, my son became happy every day during this pandemic.” John Smith, a father of a five-year-old girl in the clinic, told a reporter, “Robin is a great partner. It brings big smiles to my daughter’s face.”12. Why does the author mention the experiences of people having difficulty moving?A. To call on people to care for those in need.B. To draw people’s attention to healthy living.C. To point out peopled loneliness during the pandemic.D. To encourage people to fight against the pandemic bravely.13. What can we learn about robot Robin from Paragraph 4?A. It can cheer up children with great communication skills.B. It is quite difficult to operate for the young patients.C. Its design is based on some children’s ideas.D. Its functions need further tests.14. What’s the young patients’ parents’ attitude towards the application of robot Robin?A. Doubtful.B. Worried.C. Objective.D. Supportive.15. What could be the best title for the text?A. Robot Robin is introduced into people’s daily life.B. Robot Robin helps make sick children’s life easier.C. Robots have been used to treat patients in hospital.D. Robots have brought both benefits and challenges.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Writing an art exhibition review is a creative experience that helps you express your ideas about an artist’s work. Your review will provide a description (说明) of an art exhibit.16 Here are some tips that may help you write a good art exhibition review.Walk through the show to watch the artwork. Spare 1-2 hours to experience the art exhibit so you have plenty of time to examine the artwork. Move through the exhibit slowly, examining each piece of artwork. Besides, make several passes through the exhibit. 17Take notes on the description, the form and your impression. Be as detailed as possible so you can use your notes to write the full review. First, note the title and theme of each work. 18 Finally, record your impression on the art, how it made you feel, and what worked or didn’t work within the piece.19 While you don’t need to include audience responses in your review, it may help you improve your own review of the show. Watch flow others comment on the exhibit and write down the sentences that they say.Talk to the artists if they’re present at the exhibit. If you attend on the opening night, you may meet the artists. 20 Ask about what they hope the audience will experience, and how they created their works. Take notes on what they say so you can use the information to write your review.A. Notice how others are reacting to the artwork.B. The reasons can be explained from several aspects.C. These will help you find something new about the works.D. Take the chance to chat with them about what inspired their works.E. Besides, compare your review with other reviews to find out the differences.F. Then write down the medium, materials, and techniques used to create the piece.G. This helps visitors know what to expect from the exhibit and gives advice to the artist.第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I walked through the Prudential Center wearing my old black sweatpants and a simple T-shirt. Then the bright lights from the window nearby 21 my eye and I came near to it. The window was 22 with the new collection and some classics. That was when I saw those beautiful but 23 Gucci T-shirts. The green and red stripesa key 24 of any Gucci product that everybody knows, shouted so loud that I could hear their cries 25 the glass. What’s more, all of the pictures of those Gucci T-shirts I had seen 26 me that I needed them.But then I collected my thoughts and asked myself, “Do I truly 27 the design of them, or do I want them just for 28 (to let my friends and even strangers notice that I have Gucci T-shirts)? After thinking 29, I figured out that those T-shirts aren’t really 30 to me and that they wouldn’t help me improve myself.In my opinion, it is 31 to rely on luxuries (奢侈品) to make us feel special. 32, not only do these brands lead us to spend a lot of money, but they also fool us into thinking these items are going to make us get 33 by a particular group. A sense of true 34 should come from what you have added to the world and how you have 35 other people’s lives in a good way.21. A. hurt B. opened C. caught D. confused22. A. covered. B. filled C. competed D. faced23. A. gracefulB. fashionableC. simpleD. expensive24. A. element B. proof C. function D. message25. A. in B. among C. above D. through26. A. comfortedB. reminded C. educatedD. promised27. A. appreciateB. create C. improveD. remember28. A. showB. pleasureC. useD. curiosity29. A. suddenlyB. carefully C. graduallyD. hurriedly30. A. limited B. funny C. enough D. important31. A. unfairB. unhealthy C. dishonestD. inconvenient32. A. However B. ThereforeC. OtherwiseD. Besides33. A. deniedB. awarded C. recognizedD. annoyed34. A. valueB. duty C. achievementD. security35. A. savedB. arranged C. influencedD. controlled第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。What does “barking (犬吠) up the wrong tree” mean? In this article, let’s learn the (36) ______________ (express).The phrase “barking up the wrong tree” means (37) ______________ (follow) a mistaken plan of action. the phrase comes from the old hunting (捕措) practice in which dogs would bark to show they have made other animals up trees unable (38) ______________ (run) away. Sometimes the dogs were mistaken, and the animals had (39) ______________ (actual) run away. When this happened, the dogs were barking up the wrong tree.This phrase first began appearing in (40) ______________ (write) works after the 1820s, and was later widely used by western writers. It was used to describe anyone (41) ______________ was following a wrong lead. Below is an example of how to use the phrase. Recently (42) ______________ friend of mine needed a large amount of money (43) ______________ his new business idea. So he went to an event to meet possible investors (投资者). However, the people he met (44) ______________ (be) those also looking for money. Then we can say that he was barking up the wrong tree!When using the phrase, avoid (45) ______________ (mistake) in spelling. For example, don’t write it as “barking up in the wrong tree”.第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，你班下周将举办一场主题为“英式英语与美式英语”的英文研讨会。请你写一封邮件遨请外教Peter参加。内容包括：1.发出遨请；2.研讨会的意义；3.期待参加。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：研讨会seminar___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Jenny and Lisa are close friends. They’re studying in high school now.One day about half a year ago, Jenny went to Lisa’s house after she finished her homework. After entering Lisa’s home, Jenny found that Lisa was chatting on her cellphone. Jenny was surprised as she didn’t know Lisa had gone downtown to buy a cellphone.After Lisa finished talking over the cellphone, Jenny asked her, “When did you get your cellphone?” “I bought it yesterday. Look! How lovely it looks!” said Lisa.Jenny looked at the cellphone. It was pink and looked really lovely. Jenny wished she also, could have such a cellphone.That day, after Jenny came back home, she saw her father sitting on the sofa reading a newspaper. Jenny approached him and said, “Dad, could I have a cellphone? Many of my classmates have their own cellphones now.”“Of course, you can have one,” said Jenny’s father. Hearing that, Jenny became very happy.“Thank you, Dad,” Jenny said happily. Then she asked, “When shall we go downtown to buy one?”The father looked up hearing that. Then he said, “Oh, no, dear! I’m not going to buy you a cell-phone. If you really want one, you should make money to buy one yourself.”Jenny immediately became upset. But she knew her father was serious. She walked away and went to her own room.The following day, Jenny went to school as usual. When Lisa saw her at school, she looked a bit upset. Lisa came to her and asked why she was wearing a long face that day. Jenny said, “I asked my dad to buy a cellphone for me, but he said I should work for one myself.”But Lisa didn’t seem to be surprised at all, and she said, “Don’t get surprised, because that’s how I bought my own cellphone.”Hearing that, Jenny remembered Lisa once told her she was helping look after the Smiths’ one-year-old son in the past summer. Now she knew why she worked part-time that summer. Lisa wanted a new cellphone and she worked to make money for it.Paragraph 1:That day after Jenny came back home from school, she went to her father. _________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:Jenny started to work part-time. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________听说训练2PART A: Reading Aloud 模仿朗读(满分20分)In this part, you are required to watch a video clip and read after the speaker in the video.The delta is entering the dry season. It’s April and no rain has fallen since October. Outside the Sunderbans, the farmland has turned from green to brown. The main channels of the river are still flowing, but now it’s a long way down. The water level had dropped six meters in as many months.PART B: Role Kay角色扮演(满分16分)In this part, you are required to act as a role and complete three communicative tasks: listen to a speaker, ask the speaker three questions and then answer five questions.角色：你是视频中的男子。任务：(1)询问视频中女子的其他相关信息；(2)根据谈话内容回答问题。1. Now please ask the speaker three questions.问题1:现在请准备提出第一个问题。(中文提示:你为什么喜欢住在乡下?)Q: _____________________________________________________________________________问题2:现在请准备提出第二个问题。(中文提示:城里人和乡下人有什么区别?)Q : ____________________________________________________________________________问题3:现在请准备提出第主个问题。(中文提示:我们可以为保护环境做些什么?)Q: _____________________________________________________________________________2. Now please get ready to answer five questions.问题1:现在请准备回答第一个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________问题2:现在请准备回答第二个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________问题3:现在请准备回答第三个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________问题4:现在请准备回答第四个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________问题5:现在请准备回答第五个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________PART C: Retelling故事复述(满分24分)In this part, you are required to listen to a monologue and then retell it based on what you have heard.梗概：Tom的宠物受到冷落，它们自己去公园玩耍，最后Tom承诺以后不会这样了。关键词：pet(宠物) attention(注意力) forget(忘记) realize(意识到) promise(承诺)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________听力练习2第一节听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回等有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Who keeps the dictionary now?A. Jane. B. John. C. Jennifer.2. Who is Jenny most probably speaking to?A. Her father. B. Her teacher. C. Her friend.3. What will the man most probably do next?A. Show others the sign.B. Quit smoking forever.C. Stop smoking immediately.4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Their work. B. Their hobbies.C. Their ways to relax.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从所听到的内容中获取信息，回答相应小题。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第5段材料，回答第5、6题。5. Where does the man want to go?A. A park.B. A bank.C. A police station.6. How will the man most probably get to his destination?A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By taxi.听第6段材料，回答第7至9题。7. What does the woman like most?A. Beef.B. Vegetables.C. Hamburgers.8. How much weight should the woman lose in the first year?A. 2 pounds. B. 12 pounds. C. 20 pounds.9. Where does the man probably work?A. At a restaurant. B. At a hospital.C. At a gym.听第7段材料，回答第10至12题。10. When will the show start?A. At 2:30 pm. B. At 3:00 pm.C. At 3:30 pm.11. How do the speakers probably feel now?A. Happy. B. Relaxed. C. Anxious.12. What are the speakers doing?A. Keeping waiting.B. Taking the subway.C. Looking for a parking lot.听第8段材料，回答第13至15题。13. Why is Christopher going to California?A. To visit his family.B. To take a holiday.C. To have fun with friends.14. What day is it today?A. Sunday. B. Wednesday.C. Friday.15. How is die weather in the speakers’ city recently?A. Rainy. B. Cloudy.C. Sunny.听第9段材料，回答第16至20題。“My” school参考答案1-5 ABDAD 6-10 BDBBA 11-15 CCADB16-20 GCFAD 21-25 CBDAD26-30 BAABD31-35 BDCAC36-45 (One possible version)36. expression 37. following 38. to run39. actually 40. written41. who / that42. a 43. for 44. were 45. mistakes写作(One possible version) 第一节Dear Peter,　I’m Li Hua, monitor of Class 3, Grade 1. I’m writing to invite you to attend the English seminar to be held in our class next Friday afternoon.　The subject of the seminar is “The British and American English”, which will surely help us have a deeper understanding of what we have learned and help us know more about foreign culture. We really hope you could give us some suggestions on learning English. Your presence will mean a lot to us.　Looking forward to hearing from you.Yours,Li Hua第二节Paragraph 1：　That day after Jenny came back home from school, she went to her father. She was no longer upset. She told her father that she had decided to find a job to make money. “Good,” said her father. Jenny started to look for part-time work on the Internet. Lucky for her, some families in the neighborhood were looking for part-time workers. One old couple needed someone to cut the grass. A young couple needed someone to look after their baby. Jenny called the families and she was offered the jobs. Paragraph 2：　Jenny started to work part-time. First she cut the grass for the old couple. And then she looked after the baby for the young couple. She kept doing other part-time jobs. Three months later, Jenny had enough money for a cellphone. She went downtown. But she didn’t buy a cellphone. Instead, she bought a birthday gift for her father because it was her father’s birthday the following day. She thought the gift was very meaningful and her father might be happy because she bought it with her own money. 听力练习2参考答案1-5 CBCCA 6-10 CACBB 11-15 CABBA 16-20 (One possible version) 16. New York17. public 18. factory19. 1,005 20. Spanish外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册Unit 3单元测试卷第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAnimals are humans’ best friends. Here we will know about some of those interesting friends. Gouldian FinchNative to Australia, the Gouldian finch has special green, yellow, red and black markings. For the males (雄性），the part between the neck and the stomach is bright purple, while for females, this part is pale purple. We all Have to agree that nature has created some really great animals with the smallest of details.Keel-Billed ToucanIt is the very same crazy bird from the movie Rio, also known to be the “rainbow billed toucan”. The bird has a black body and a yellow face. The color of its bill (喙）is a combination of green， yellow, orange and red, and that's how the name rainbow billed toucan came from. It is rarely seen alone. It travels in small groups of about six to twelve individuals.The Oriental Dwarf KingfisherIt is a great tiny bird commonly found in South Asia. This bird is the most brightly colored and the smallest kingfisher species. Its special feature is the orange with bluish-purple head, which can be easily recognized. The throat is white with bright orange colored lines at the bottom. It is a pretty and small bird.Poison (毒）Dart FrogIt is a kind of very beautiful creature. The bright colors of the poison dart frog send a warning to its natural enemies about its poison. Found in South America, with some of the brightest shades of yellow, copper, red, green and blue, this frog is among those very animals that you have to watch out in the Amazon Rainforest.1.What can we learn about the Gouldian finch according to the text?A.Its colors can sometimes change.B.Its number has been increasing these years.C.It is more active at night than during the day.D.It can be recognized as male or female based on colors.2.According to the text, the rainbow billed toucan________ .A.gets the name due to its colorful bodyB.has drawn some filmmakers' attentionC.is a kind of very social bird D.is friendly to human beings3.What is special about the poison dart frog according to the text?A.It is attractive but very dangerous.B.It mainly feeds on small poisonous insects.C.It has few enemies in the Amazon Rainforest.D.It is the most dangerous animal in the Amazon Rainforest.BI love hiking. In the mountains, the birds sing for me; the various trees and flowers overwhelm (征 服）my eyes and the deep blue of the sky inspires me and makes me feel calm. Furthermore, I can breathe the fresh air, keeping away from the dust and pollution of the city. It seems that all my senses are awakened when I am in the mountains. More importantly, hiking teaches me a lot.I have been a traveler since childhood and was drawn towards mountains and their beauty. Later my reading several travel books made me think if I could also go on such journeys. Finally, I decided to give it a try. After I was well-prepared to face all difficulties of the hike, I joined a group of hikers. On the way, we encouraged each other, took beautiful pictures, and sat down now and then to feel the breath of the land. All my worries disappeared and we talked and laughed just like kids. This journey excited me for a long time.I never actually realized the need for water until I started hiking. I remember once I was on a hike where our water was not enough. It was a night hike and the next day we had to return back to our base camp following the same route. So we have to save it for emergencies (紧急事件).That day I exactly learned water is of great value and that we have a duty to save it.Besides enjoying the beautiful natural views, you have to go out of your comfort zone and push yourself hard to challenge your normal limits when hiking. On a hike, you may sometimes get injured but you can’t stop until you reach the destination. Every next try will surely make you stronger and happier if you embrace (拥抱）your injuries, pains and discomforts.Sometimes we may have a conversation with those locals living in wooden houses. You know, mountain life is hard and difficult. But they never complain about their life. They are happy with what they have. Many times they are facing extreme weather and they just fight with them. They are so brave. What can we complain about?4.Why does the author like hiking according to the first paragraph?A.It benefits his mind and body.B.He likes challenging his limits.C.It is a way to escape the stress of life.D.He enjoys doing some research on wild plants.5.What’s the author’s purpose by mentioning his experience of a night hike?A.To warn about the danger of night hikes.B.To tell us how to deal with emergencies.C.To show the importance of protecting water resources.D.To advise us to drink enough water when traveling.6.What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?A.Hiking can help improve our social skills.B.Hiking makes us become more healthy.C.Hiking teaches us to accept our weak points.D.Hiking helps develop our strength of will.7.What do the locals in the mountains teach the author most?A.We should spend time experiencing mountain life.B.We should learn to face difficulties in life positively.C.We should offer help to the weak.D.We should value the people around us.CA kind of blue dye (颜料）called folium had been widely used to paint pictures on the pages of manuscripts (手稿）created in the Middle Ages. But long ago, this watercolor fell out of use.“Manuscripts are an important part of the cultural works of art in the Middle Ages,” said scientist Maria in an email to CNN. “Color is a basic feature of these manuscripts. To let ancient manuscripts. keep a good condition for future generations, we sometimes need to repaint their inside pictures through the ancient dye — like folium — that was once used in these manuscripts. But everyone who knew how to prepare folium had died long ago. So 'I led a team to study this dye.”Her team turned to books from the 1400s and found one that described the plant that was its source. It is a tiny plant with silvery-green leaves. Days later, the scientists reached a village in south Portugal, where nobody knew this little plant. However, after carefully going through a plenty of different plants growing there, the scientists finally raked out the plant they wanted and brought some back to their laboratory.Back in the lab, the scientists produced the dye with the help of an ancient text on colors. The text has clearly described the ways to make it. “It’s cool to have done that work of looking in the historical records and traveling back in time,” says Casadio, who was not part of this study. It recreates an ancient process. By making the dye, the scientists could study its chemistry without experimenting on priceless delicate (易损的） works of art, she points out.Now, the researchers don’t know the dye’s stability(稳定性)and its ability against the environment that may wear and break it down over time. “To know such information is necessary if we desire to make these colors last long enough,” Maria said. “So our study will continue.”8.What do we know about folium from the first two paragraphs?A.It is very easy to make with modem technology.B.It is a dye found by chance many years ago.C.It was a popular dye lost in history.D.It was very expensive in ancient times.9.What do Maria’s words in her email to CNN mainly imply?A.It’s important and meaningful to study folium.B.It’s difficult to learn about the usage of folium.C.It’s necessary to find something to replace folium.D.It’s common to study folium through manuscripts.10.What does the underlined phrase “raked out” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Bought. B. Studied.C. Discovered. D. Planted.11.What’s the advantage of Maria' s way to make folium according to Casadio?A.Being easy and safe to carry out.B.Reducing the cost of production.C.Avoiding possible damage to artworks.D.Increasing people's interest in painting.CRecess (课间休息）time has been dropping for many children in America. This drop began the same year the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) was passed. The law aimed to make American education system more internationally competitive by introducing achievement goals for schools. And the goals are gauged (评定）by standardized tests in reading and math. If schools missed their achievement goals, they could be in trouble, including loss of funding.It’s no surprise that teachers have felt the pressure to make sure students perform well on standardized tests. When educators are facing pay cuts, loss of funding to their school and perhaps even the loss of their jobs, it’s no wonder that they started questioning if recess was a waste of time. This pressure to bring even more learning into the school day is especially felt by underperforming， low-income schools that are already short of funding.It may seem strange to send kids out to play when they’re falling below state standards，but getting outside for unstructured(散乱的) play may be more helpful than keeping kids in the classroom all day.“Moving, running and playing outdoors freely have great influence on children. These activities play a role in children1 s abilities to focus and control themselves throughout the day,” Marie Conti says, a famous educator of early childhood education. The mind cannot be educated without using the body. Learning is a whole of thinking and moving,” she added.Recess time makes it possible for children to learn something they can’t get in class. Asking other kids to play, explaining the rules of a complex game and ending arguments are all important life lessons that children can only learn if they’re given time to play. When something unhappy happens, children can find a way to get back to having fun themselves.The physical activities kids take part in during recess can also reduce stress levels and allow children to feel more relaxed. In an education system that. Continues to place higher expectations on children to perform to a certain standard, less stress is just what the doctor ordered.12.What’s implied about American teachers in Paragraph 2?A.They consider recess time very important for children.B.They care little about the loss of school funding.C.They are forced to teach to the test.D.They ask for an increase in pay.13.What do Marie Conti's words in Paragraph 4 suggest?A.Physical activities can better prepare children for learning.B.Teachers find it hard to keep children focused in class.C.Schools should pay attention to mental health education.D.Children should be given chances to communicate freely.14.According to Paragraph 5, recess time helps children .A.strengthen their leadershipB.develop problem-solving skillsC.improve performance at studyD.know more about their learning goals15.What would be the best title for the text?A.How educational rules change children’s life.B.How to perform better in standardized tests.C.Why children should work hard at school.D.Why schools need more playtime.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。When buying a backpack, there are several things you should consider. 16 A backpack used for carrying school supplies, for example, may not need to have as many features as a backpack that is to be used for hiking or camping.When buying a backpack，look for one that can easily be placed on your back. Many people carry their backpacks over only One shoulder. 17 Backpacks are designed to be carried completely on your back, supported by both shoulders, in order to help evenly distribute (分配）the weight. In fact, carrying a backpack that is either too heavy or used improperly is one of the leading causes of back injuries in students.18 If the backpack will be used for carrying textbooks, it must be wide enough to contain the width of the books it will carry. If the backpack is for hiking, it needs to be large enough to carry supplies such as a solar blanket and other camping things.Another consideration when buying a backpack is the number of compartments (隔层）the backpack has. When used for hiking or camping, it5s often helpful for a backpack to have several smaller compartments. 19 The material is also important when buying a backpack. When buying a backpack for hiking or camping, it is best to buy one that is strong enough. 20 If you are buying a backpack for college use, it might also help prevent your books and homework from getting wet while you arewalking from one building on campus to another in the rain.A.But this is actually a mistake.B.There are backpacks different from traditional ones.C.It is helpful to buy a backpack with much space inside.D.It is important to buy one that will be comfortable to carry.E.This way, important items such as knives are easy to reach.F.Thus, your clothing or supplies will not get damaged in bad weather.G.The most important consideration when buying a backpack is its future use.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Karen Loewe has been teaching seventh and eighth grade students for 22 years, 21 her most recent day was apparently the most 22 day of her educational career — she tried a new activity with her students in her class. 23 establishing that her classroom was a safe space for 24 ，she asked her students to write about some emotional problems. Since they weren’t required to put their names on the paper, they could describe their issues as 25 as they wanted. The youngsters were then asked to take turns 26 what their classmates wrote, and all of them were given the opportunity to identify (表明）themselves as the person 27 for the writing. “Things like being left by their parents, death and 28 pets were written down. The kids who heard the. stories would cry because what they were hearing was 29 It was a difficult day, but I believe my kids will judge a little less, 30 a little more, and forgive a little faster,” Loewe said.Since she wrote about her 31 on social media, her post has been shared more than 500,000 times. 32 from all over the world have reached out to her about using similar activities in their own classrooms and her students have learned to 33 other people. “They don’ t casually 34 or talk down to each other anymore,” she said. “They’re not rude. It has completely 35 how they treat each other. I wish I would have done this years ago.”21. A. so B. or C. and D. but22.A. influential B. relaxingC. interestingD. grateful23.A. WithoutB. BeforeC. UponD. Despite24.A. studyB. expressionC. discussionD. apology25.A. carefullyB. freelyC. crazilyD. shortly26.A. spreadingB. translatingC. improvingD. reading27.A. readyB. thankfulC. responsibleD. ashamed28.A. losingB. raisingC. meetingD. selling29.A. tough B. funny C. popular.D. strange30.A. suffer B. enjoy C. complain D. love 31.A. plans B. preparationsC. experiencesD. requirements32.A. TeachersB. StudentsC. ParentsD. Competitors33.A. refuseB. respectC. encourage D. judge34.A. give upB. cut inC. watch overD. help out35.A. limitedB. shownC. measuredD. changed第二节(共10小题;每小題1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的 单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Many cities have live music in their parks during the summer. But there’s a park in Denmark(36) people can hear music all year round — not on a stage but among the trees.As part of (37) art project for public in Aalborg, trees in the Park of Music host the music once (38) (perform) by musicians at the nearby cultural center. It all started in the 1980s when the city asked visiting musicians to plant a tree (39) a memorial (纪念物）of their excellent and (40) (forget) performances.Since then, over 80 trees (41) (plant) by musicians worldwide. In 2012, some of the trees became playable! It works like this. (42) (simple) press the button (按钮）on the plaque （匾牌）bearing a musician’s name next to the tree, and people (43) (hear)a piece of the musician's music.All kinds of music from (44) (artist) like Sting can be heard. The trees are "played" about 300,000 times a year, (45) (show) the popularity of the art project.第三部分 写 作 (共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Eric发来一封邮件，询问你家的家风(family traditions)。请你用英语给他回一封邮件。内容包括：1.写作意图;2.简述你家的家风;3.家风对家庭成员的影响。 注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右 December 16, 2009 was the worst day of my mother's life. It was on that day that she was told her thirty-six-year-old daughter had developed breast cancer. I would never forget her hopeless expression and tear-filled eyes as I told her. That scene uncontrollably broke my heart. It was one of the few times in my life that I had seen my mother was so painful and weak.Since I got breast cancer, the doctors had made a heavy-duty plan to fight with it, which would mean an operation on my breast, five months of chemotherapy (化疗），and five weeks of radiation therapy. It also meant that an independent single girl who lived alone was in serious need of some help and care.Thankfully, I was blessed with my own army of family, friends and co-workers who had offered to help me out with whatever I might need, including meals and rides to doctors’ appointments. But as grateful as I was, there really was only one person who I wanted by my side — my mom. Despite living 300 miles away, my mother agreed even without a second thought. She was going to be my primary caregiver, driver, personal cook, nurse, counselor, and shoulder to cry on. No one else in the world could fill her shoes. It was a job that only she could do.The night after my first chemotherapy treatment was firmly fixed in my memory. I was never so sick in my entire life. I couldn’t even keep down a glass of water. And after hours spent in the bathroom, I weakly lifted myself into bed, weeping, “Please, God, take this away from me. Please make me fed better." At that moment, my mother crawled into bed with me and wrapped her entirebody around me. It looked as if l had still been a little girl.Paragraph 1:Over the next six months, my mom traveled between fun homes just to take care of me. Paragraph 2:However, when I finally began to recover, my morn suddenly fell ill. 听说训练3Part A:Reading Aloud 模仿朗读(满分 20分）In this part, you are required to watch a video clip and read after the speaker in the video.When the sun returns to the Arctic in spring, it launches the greatest event of seasonal change on Earth. The polar bear is totally dependent upon the sea ice in order to hunt. It must eat two thirds of the food it needs for the whole year in the next three months, before the sun melts the ice from beneath its feet.Part B:Role Play角色扮演（满分16分）In this part, you are required to act as a role and complete three communicative tasks: listen to a speaker, ask the speaker three questions and then answer five questions.角色:你是视频中的女子Mary。任务:(1)询问视频中的男子Tom其他相关信息;(2)根据谈话内容回答问题。1.Now please ask the speaker three questions.问题1：现在请准备提出第一个问题.（中文提示:你去了哪儿？）Q： 问题2:现在请准备提出第二个问题.（中文提示:你和谁去的那里？）Q： 问题3:现在请准备提出第三个问题，（中文提示:从我们的城市到那儿有多远？）Q： 2.Now please get ready to answer five questions.问题1:现在请准备回答第一个问题。A. 问题2:现在请准备回答第二个问题。 问题3:现在请准备回答第三个问题。 问题4:现在请准备回答第四个问題. 问题5:现在请准备回答第五个问題. Part C:Retelling故事复述（满分24分)In this part, you are required to listen to a monologue and then retell it based on what you have heard.梗概:史密斯夫人失去了女儿，Sally的一个小小的举动使史密斯夫人感到很欣慰。关键词(组):sad(悲伤的）cheer sb up(使寒人振作起来） remove sadness(消除痛苦） thank(感谢）love(爱） 听 力 练习3第一节听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回等有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where will the speakers go tonight?A. The theatre. B. The cinema.C. The concert hall.2. What is probably the woman?A. A teacher. B. A college student.C. A high school student.3. How does the man probably feel now?A. Confident. B. Nervous.C. Embarrassed.4.What are the speakers talking about?A. Their dreams. B. The woman’s job.C. The man’s first book.第二节听下面5段对话或独白.，每段对话或独白 后有几个小题，从所听到的内容中获取信息，回答相应小题。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后，各 小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第5段材料，回答第5、6题。5. When does the woman plan to get to the train station?A. By 7:30 am. B. By 8:30 am.C. By 9:00. am.6. How do the speakers probably communicate?A. Over the phone. B. Face to face.C. By email.听第6段材料，回答第7至9题。7. What was the weather like on the man's second day in Florida?A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy.8. What did the man do on the afternoon of the second day?A. He rested at the hotel. B. He went shopping.C. He visited a park.9. How many days did the man spend in Disney World?A. For three days. B. For four days.C. For five days.听第7段材料，回答第10至12题..10.What was Henry doing before 4:00 pm?A. Studying. B. Watching TV.C. Doing housework.11.What is Henry going to do next?A. Prepare food. B. Take a walk.C. Play tennis.12. Who is Henry most probably speaking to?A. His friend. B. His mother.C. His classmate.听第8段材料，回答第13至15題.13.What does Lisa mainly do as a volunteer?A.Help nurses at a hospital.B.Look after the elderly.C.Help clean homes.14.How long does Lisa usually volunteer weekly?A.For four hours.B.For five hours.C.For six hours.15.Why does Lisa volunteer?A.Her school requires that.B.She loves to meet more people.C.She is influenced by her parents.听第9段材料，回答第16至20題Seattle’s July参考答案1-5 DCAAC 6-10 DBCAC 11-15 CCABD16-20 GACEF 21-25 DACBB26-30 DCAAD31-35 CABBD36-45 (One possible version)36. where37. an38. performed39. as40. unforgettable41. have been planted42. Simply43. will hear44. artists45. showing写作 (One possible version)第一节Dear Eric,　Glad to know that you are interested in my family traditions, and I’m writing to share them with you.　In China, many families have their own family traditions. Take my family for example, the tradition of being hard-working and honest has been handed down from generation to generation. My parents gain respect from relatives and friends because they are considered reliable. Good family traditions help my family live happily with each other and everyone around us. I think our family traditions have benefited us a lot.　Can you tell me something about your family traditions?Yours,Li Hua第二节Paragraph 1: Over the next six months, my mom traveled between two homes just to take care of me. During every treatment, which was so painful that I always couldn’t stand it and cried out, she would run to the hall to escape my sufferings and also hide hers. And after treatments, she would sit by my side, comforting me. She would also make me cheese sandwiches in the middle of the night, forever putting my needs first. Several months later, her efforts paid off — I was feeling better. Paragraph 2: However, when I finally began to recover, my mom suddenly fell ill. That made me think about what my mother had done while I was going through such a difficult time in my life. She was attending to my every need, both physically and emotionally, but who was attending to her needs? Who heard her cry when I was suffering? I felt both deeply grateful and bitterly sorry, badly wanting to do something for her, care for her and love her. She had devoted herself to me when I was sick, and now, it was my turn. 听力练习3参考答案1-5 ACBAB 6-10 ACBBA 11-15 CBBCC 16-20 (One possible version) 16. 15 17. 27°C 18. common19. driest 20. rainstorm外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册Unit 4单元测试卷第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)AReading helps kids learn English and kids’ books make it easy and enjoyable. Here are some books that are carefully picked for your kids.CorduroyIt’s about a little bear, Corduroy, in a toy shop. He has lost one of his buttons (纽扣). This makes him very sad because he wants to be taken home by a kid. So he decides to find a new button. Corduroy contains some hard words. So you’d better use a dictionary while reading it Price: $18; 10% discount (折扣) on Sunday Curious GeorgeCurious Georgp, a monkey, is a little too interested in everything, which causes humans to bring him from the forest to a big city. However, there he calls the fire department, is put into prison, escapes from prison and is carried into the sky by balloons. Though the book uses a lot of short and simple sentences, some of its words are not simple.Price: $20; 20% discount on SundayThe Story of FerdinandFerdinand, a bull, loves to smell the flowers in the grassland. One day people come to pick a male cow for bull fights. Ferdinand doesn’t want to be chosen, but a bee stings (叮) him. It causes him to jump around crazily, so he’s picked. In Ferdinand’s first fight, he lies down to smell the flowers instead of fighting. So he is sent back to the-grassland. The book has many similar stories that bring laughter. And it has everything that makes a children’s. book great for English learners — simple and hard words.Price: $16; 10% discount on SundayGreen Eggs and HamIn this book, a cat named Sam really likes green eggs and meat. So he offers them to a friend. Read the book to see if his friend likes the meal or not. This book is a poem. Despite having simple vocabulary, the words are used in a way that feels smart.Price: $15; 5% discount on Sunday1. Why does Corduroy decide to find a new button?A.To make a kid buy him.B.To send it as a gift to a kid.C.To make his clothes warmer.D.To take the place of the damaged one.2.What happens to Curious George after he leaves the forest?A.He fits into human society.B.He creates some problems.C.He makes friends with humans.D.He sets animals in the zoo free.3.What do we know about The Story of Ferdinand?A.It includes some funny stories..B.It encourages readers to love nature.C.It shows Ferdinand’s interest in fighting.D.It describes animals’ friendship with each other.BKen was my best friend for 30 years. I told him I would leave Chicago for Philadelphia to receive a new job there. “What do you mean you’re leaving?” Ken asked angrily. “When did you interview for a job in another city? You had never told me before.” I explained that was the new company’s rule. “Like you couldn’t tell me?” he asked. “I thought our friendship meant more to you than that.” “I'm sorry,” I said. But I would never give up the job because of friends.Ken and I had met in a church. Then Ken was a college student studying mental health and I was working in a company. I found we both grew up in small towns and struggled for school life. He often volunteered in Thailand during school holidays. And I once worked there for five years. Talking with Keri gave me great pleasure. Gradually, our conversations even involved in deeper subjects, like our dreams.I was older than Ken. When he married Lee, I gave him advice about marriage. By that time, I was running a television production business, and was under a lot of stress. It was Ken who encouraged me and helped me get through the hard time. He was a great guy. Even so, I didn’t change my mind.Anyway, when leaving Chicago, Ken and Lee had a warm farewell (告别) party. But we didn’t talk much later. After September 2012, everything changed. It started with a letter from Ken: Lee had cancer. Unfortunately, I got divorced (离婚) later and everything was a mess.In February 2013,I flew to Chicago to see Ken and Lee. We talked. I found there was no one I had ever been able to talk to quite like Ken. I needed to be there for Ken in any way I could. This friendship mattered more than work. When going back to Philadelphia, I left my job and bought a plane ticket that would mean a lot to the rest of my life.4.Ken was angry because the author ___________.A.refused to travel to Philadelphia with himB.ignored his advice on the new jobC.put his job above their friendshipD.forgot to tell him his plan to leave5.What might connect the author with Ken together at first according to Paragraph 2?A.They once worked on a voluntary program together.B.They shared some similar life experiences.C.They had the same education background.D.They both dreamt of living in big cities.6.What happened after September 2012 according to the text?A.Ken broke up with his wife.B.The author lost touch with Ken completely.C.Ken suffered from a serious mental illness.D.Both the author's and Ken's life were in trouble.7.What does the author most probably plan to do according to the last paragraph?A.Find a new job to support his family.B.Return to Chicago to support Ken.C.Continue to follow his dream.D.Travel around the world.CTropical cyclones (热带气旋), including hurricanes and typhoons, are now moving at a slower speed than they did decades ago, new research shows.While having a cyclone travel with less speed may seem like a good thing, it’s actually just the opposite. Wind speeds within the storm remain high, but the whole system itself moves slower, allowing punishing rains to stay longer over communities. “Nothing, good comes out of a slowing storm,” says James Kossin, author of the paper. “It can increase the amount of time that buildings suffered from strong wind. And it increases rainfall.”In his paper, Kossin showed that from 1949 to 2016, tropical cyclones across the globe slowed their movement by 10 percent on average. In some regions (地区), the speed of those storms slowed even more as they hit land. In the western North Pacific, the decrease was much more manifest ― almost a third. That means a storm that may already hold more moisture (水分) will have time to drop more of it in each spot.Kossin’s work was based on details of almost 70 years’ worth of storms, but he didn’t try to determine what was causing the slowdown. Still, the change is exactly what he and other cyclone experts said, which would be expected from climate change. With the polar regions warming fester than other parts of the globe, that is changing the pressure and reducing the winds that push these storms.Christina Patricola, a scientist, called Kossin9s work important and new and said she found it reliable. “I was not surprised by his findings,” she says. “But I was surprised by the speed of the slowdown.”Kossin hopes that scientists will begin building models that show which places are likely to face the most risk. Given that storms in some regions are moving towards polar regions and already increasing in intensity (强度), cyclones causing unusually powerful rain may threaten places not normally in their paths. Scientists must take action to make those places suffer less from the disasters.8. Why is the decrease in cyclones’ speed a bad thing?A.It leads the cyclones to move faster on the ground.B.It causes the cyclones to have higher wind speed outside.C.It makes hard rains and strong wind last longer in one place.D.It results in more typhoons taking place in some communities.9.What does the underlined word “manifest” in Paragraph 3 mean?A.Obvious.B. Satisfying.C. Confusing.D. Impossible.10.What does Paragraph 4 suggest?A.Climate change in the polar regions is under control.B.Scientists find it hard to understand the slower cyclones.C.Scientists should do further experiments in polar regions.D.Climate change may be the cause of the slowdown of the cyclones.11. Why does Kossin want scientists to build models in the last paragraph?A.To find out the normal paths of serious cyclones.B.To prove the speed of the cyclones can be controlled.C.To reduce the damage from cyclones to possible areas.D.To call on scientists to focus on the danger of climate change.DThe ancient Herculaneum scrolls (卷轴)are thought to contain works of important thinkers in ancient Greece. But the scrolls can’t be unrolled (打开). Even a light wind threatens to reduce them to dust. The reason is that they were turned into carbon by a natural disaster in A.D. 79.But now researchers from the University of Kentucky have found a way to look inside the scrolls without having to touch them. They first create a light that is 10 billion times brighter than the sun by taking advantage of a machine. Then they will use the light to go through the Herculaneum scrolls to study and finally read the words recorded on the scrolls. Researchers think it might take them six months to read the scrolls.This isn’t the first time researchers have tried to read the Herculaneum scrolls. Several years ago, scientists from the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) worked on uncovering the mystery using an X-ray beam 100 billion times brighter than anything used in a hospital, This didn’t allow scientists to actually read the scrolls, but it allowed them to make one surprising discovery. The scrolls were written in metallic (金属的) ink, a writing technology that scientists didn’t know existed at the time the scrolls were penned.“For a long time, we thought our studies have let us know everything about the ancient ink used to write on scrolls. Now we find it’s not the case. This shows that we should tell ourselves it may not be true when thinking we fully know something once some research is done,” said Daniel Delattre, one of the study’s authors.The finding wasn’t just a historical curiosity. To learn just how special these scrolls are, consider that the thinker Chrysippus in ancient Greece is said to have written over 700 works; but all are lost, with the exception of a few works found in the Herculaneum scrolls. In other words, it's possible that these scrolls represent the only existing complete works left by this great thinker. And who knows what other great works could exist in the scrolls?12.What do we know about the Herculaneum scrolls?A.They were damaged by people in A.D. 79.B.They’re impossible to read for a long time.C.They have been poorly kept in the past few years.D.They can be easily found in the libraries at present.13.What’s Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The new method to read the Herculaneum scrolls.B.The reasons why scientists create a powerful light.C.The comparisons of the man-made light with the sunlight.D.The advantages of using machine to study the Herculaneum scrolls.14.What achievement did the ESRF’s scientists make?A.Creating a kind of ink similar to the ancient one；B.Finding more about the ancient way to record information..C.Showing the paper material used for the Herculaneum scrolls.D. Making clear some words written in the Herculaneum scrolls.15.Chrysippus’ works are mentioned in the last paragraph to show __________.A.the Herculaneum scrolls are probably of great valueB.the thoughts of ancient thinkers are widely spreadC.the Herculaneum scrolls are recognized by different writersD.the culture of ancient Greece helps us know its situation then第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选顼。选项中有两项为多余选项。Problems between parents and children are common. 16 Developing a better relationship with your parents involves knowing the causes of the problems and focusing on changing how you think and behave. There are some ways to help you develop a better relationship with your parents.Act first. 17 If you want to improve your relationship with your parents, you should start right away and act first.Be appreciative. Consider everything that your parents have done for you. You may find yourself feeling grateful to your parents. Show your appreciation with your actions. Give them a nice gift, or if you live with your parents, do some extra housework without being asked. 18Be open and honest. One way to improve your relationship with your parents is to be more willing to talk to your parents about things that you care about and your feelings and views about these things. Keep in regular contact, so your parents can get a better understanding of what upsets you and what makes you happy. 19 And it’s hard for them to discuss things that can attract your interest and develop the relationship between you and themselves.20 They grow up in a different generation with different technologies and ways of thinking.. Think about how these different histories may contribute to problems in your relationship. See if they can recall any problem in their relationships with their parents that is due to these generational differences. And try using this information when you talk about improving your relationship with them.A.Accept that your parents are different.B.Focus more on seeking your parents’ agreement.C.They will likely be happy with you for these actions.D.There are a number of ways in which you can stay positive.E.Don’t wait for your parents to try to improve the relationship.F.If you don’t share your stories with your parents, they will not know you very well.G.If you are looking to improve your relationship with your parents, you are not alone.第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。This is a story that happened 15 years ago, but it has always stayed with me since then.On the way back from work every evening, there would be a 21 man, standing at the exit of the freeway. He often 22 at every car, smiling. Every time I got close to him, I would hand him some spare coins. He always said to me, “Thank you. I’m blessed!” And I always left with 23 and satisfaction.It 24 me that even in the unsettled lifestyle i he was so 25. And his reply would remind me / of how 26 I was — a single mother with a lovely child, with a place to call home and with a t job to 27 my kid.One day, I was informed by my boss that I was 28 due to the terrible economy. A feeling of 29 surrounded me. I was in no mood to do anything. On my way home, I didn’t do 30 had always done when I saw the man, who was still 31 others by waving with a smile. I just drove straight ahead.To my 32, while I was in line at a red light y to leave the ramp (坡道), he stopped at my car with a dollar bill, saying 33, “You look unhappy, but you know all will tum out fine. Give you a dollar today and 34!” Then he left.That day he taught me a lesson. No matter what material things are taken from you, no one can take away your 35 to be joyful.A. localB. homeless C. wiseD. funny22.A. shoutedB. stopped C. wavedD. worked23.A. certaintyB. patience C. joyD. concern24.A. discouragedB. amused C. confusedD. impressed25.A. responsibleB. positive C. humorousD. honest26.A. luckyB. generous C. friendlyD. helpful27.A. meetB. arrange C. showD. support28.A. troubledB. challenged C. firedD. blamed29.A. worry B. shame C. pityD. doubt30.A, althoughB. since C. butD. as31.A. beggingB. greeting C. helpingD. admiring32.A. pleasureB. embarrassment C. amazementD. disappointment33.A. thoughtfullyB. strictly C. aimlesslyD. excitedly34.A. watch outB. calm down C. come alongD. cheer up35.A. choiceB. experience C. methodD. advantage第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或号内单词的正确形式。“What did you have for lunch at school?” I asked my son at dinner. This was a question my kid expected (36) _____________ (ask) each evening at suppertime. Usually, he would share the (37) _____________ (detail) information about what he ate and what happened in school with me.One day, my son (38) _____________ (sad) told me that some of his classmates had laughed at him. Actually, I (39) _____________ (inform) this incident (事件) by his teacher before picking him up to return home. Although his teacher told me the reason why it had happened and (40) _____________ (promise) to deal with it as soon as possible, I still couldn’t help (41) _____________ (wonder) how I could comfort my sop.The next day (42) _____________ school, I talked about this-incident again on the car ride home. My son replied, “It was (43) _____________ embarrassing thing for me to be laughed at in front of the class. But my classmates had apologized to me, (44) _____________ made me choose to forgive them this time.” I was glad and amazed at his (45) _____________ (able) to forgive others and move on.第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，你与你班的交换生Mike在一年的同窗生活中建立了深厚的友谊，上个月他 回国了。请你用英文给他写一封信。内容包括：1.表达你的想念；2.回顾你们在一起的美好时光；3.邀请他再来中国。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Alexis and Zoe were sitting at the kitchen table doing their homework. They had a hard time focusing on their homework because the radio station was playing music from their favourite band, the Shape Shifters.“I can’t believe the Shifters are going to be playing here and we can’t go!” Alexis said.“I know,” Zoe replied. “Tickets are sold out in five minutes and even if we can get some, they are so expensive!”“It’s totally unfair,” said Alexis. “They should give the tickets to their biggest fans first!”“You mean us, right?” Zoe said.“Obviously,” said Alexis. “Everyone knows we’re their number one fans.”Zoe turned the radio up a bit louder. Their fevourite song was on, and the girls had an impromptu (即兴的) dance party right there in the kitchen. As it ended, they sat on their chairs again. The radio host started talking about the concert.“I have exciting news to share with all of you. We will give away two tickets to Saturday’s sold-out show and will look for the third caller who can correctly answer this question: who is the oldest member of the Shape Shifters?” the host said.Alexis and Zoe looked at each other. They couldn't believe how easy the question was.“It’s Georgie!” said Alexis.“No, it’s Natasha,” answered Zoe.“Everyone knows Georgie is 29. He’s much older than the rest of the band,” said Alexis.“I know he’s the oldest person, but the question is who’s the oldest member of the band. Natasha started the band when she was just 15. The others joined the group after her,” Zoe explained.Alexis thought for a while and later agreed with Zoe. And they decided to call the radio station to answer that question. They stood together and held their breath.“Hello, girls, you are lucky caller Number 3!” The girls screamed excitedly. “Nobody seems to know the answer to our question. Do you?” the host continued. Zoe said, “We know the answer!” “I hope so. If you get it right, you'll have a chance to Saturday’s sold-out show!”Paragraph 1：“Okay, I am ready to answer that question,” Zoe said breathlessly._______________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2：“Congratulations, girls! You’ve won two tickets to this concert!” the host shouted._______________________________________________________________________________听说训练5PART A : Reading Aloud 模仿朗读(满分20分)In this part, you are required to watch a video clip and read after the speaker in the video.And ever since, the ocean has continued to feed us, body and soul, the source of our greatest stories and legends. Humpback whales sleep peacefully, side by side and upside down in their crystal-clear waters. Massive and majestic, they glide along the ocean floor, without disturbing a single grain of sand.PART B: Role Play角色扮演(满16分)In this part, you are required to act as a role and complete three communicative tasks: listen to a speaker, ask the speaker three questions and then answer five questions.角色:你是视频命的女子Mary。任务:(1)询问视频中的男子Tom其他相关信息；(2)根据谈话内容回答问题。1. Now please ask the speaker three questions.问题1：现在请准备提出第一个问题。(中文提示:地震发生的时候你和你的家人在做什么?)Q: _____________________________________________________________________________问题2：现在请准备提出第二个问题。(中丈提示:地震过后你的父亲立刻看医生了吗?)Q: _____________________________________________________________________________问题3：现在请准备提出第三个问题。(中文提示:你认为我们应该准备些什么以防有意外发生?)Q: _____________________________________________________________________________2.Now please get ready to answer five questions.问题1:现在请准备回答第一个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________问题2:现在请准备回答第二个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________问题3:现在请准备回答第三个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________问题4:现在请准备回答第四个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________问题5:现在请准备回答第五个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________PART C: Retelling 故事复述(满分24分)In this part, you are required to listen to a monologue, and then retell it based on what you have heard.梗概：若想解决一个问题，首先要了解这个 问题。关键词(组):stone(石头)key(钥匙)door(门) solve a problem9解决一个问题)understand(理解)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________听力练习5第一节听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选顼中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答清关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What’s the woman’s favorite music?A. Folk music. B. Rock music.C. Country music.2.How did Mike most probably feel at the meeting?A. Worried. B. Excited. C. Tired.3.What does John decide to do?A.Use his father’s car.B.Start to ride a bike to school.C.Learn about environmental protection.4.What are the speakers talking about?A.Their families.B.A family tradition.C.Plans for the Chinese New Year.-第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从所听到的内容中获取信息，回答相应小题。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题；每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第5段材料，回答第5、6题。5.How many nights will the man stay at the hotel?A. For two nights. B. For three nights.C. For four nights.6.What does the man want to do today?A. Buy a new coat. B. Collect some forms.C. Have his coat cleaned.听第6段材料，回答第7至9题。7.Who has been taking a skating class recently?A. Mark. B. Henry. C. Tom.8.When does the skating class usually end?A. At 4:00 pm. B. At 4:30 pm.C. At 5:00 pm.9.What’s the most probable relationship between the speakers?A. Brother and sister. B. Husband and wife.C. Colleagues. 听第7段材料，回答第10至12题。10.How does the girl look?A. Small. B. Tall. C. Fat. 11. What is the girl wearing?A. A white dress. B. Brown shoes.C. A pink dress.12.Where are most probably the speakers?A.At the police station.B.At the supermarket.C.On the street.听第8段材料，回答第13至15题。13.What encouraged Susan tb learn Chinese?A.Her experience in China.B.Her pen pal’s suggestions.C.Her interest in Chinese culture.14.How does Susan learn Chinese now?A.She takes courses.B.She teaches herself 回^4?9^¥回C.She learns from her mother.15.What does the woman think of Chinese, learning now?A.Difficult.B.Interesting.C.Boring.听第9段材料，回答第16至20题。Ways to lose weight参考答案1-5 ABACB 6-10 DBCAD 11-15 CBABA16-20 GECFA 21-25 BCCDB 26-30 ADCAD31-35 BCADA36-45 (One possible version)36. to be asked 37. detailed38. sadly39. had been informed40. promised41. wondering42. after43. an44. which 45. ability写作 (One possible version)第一节Dear Mike,　How is everything going? I have been missing you since you returned to your country.　During your stay in our class, I felt very happy to get along with you. With your kind help, my English has improved a lot. Besides, we visited many interesting places in our city, which is still fresh in my memory. With the approach of Mid-Autumn Festival, I really hope you can come to my city again and spend the important Chinese festival with my family.　Looking forward to hearing from you.Yours, Li Hua第二节Paragraph 1：　“Okay, I am ready to answer that question,” Zoe said breathlessly. “We think people don’t understand the question. Georgie is the oldest person in the band, but your question is which member is the oldest and that means who has been in the band the longest. So we think the answer is Natasha!” The girls waited and the kitchen clock ticked on, making each second slower. Were they wrong? Were they going to miss out on their only chance to see their favourite band?Paragraph 2：　“Congratulations, girls! You’ve won two tickets to this concert!” the host shouted. The girls screamed, dropping the telephone in their excitement. They picked it up quickly and could hear the host laughing on the other end. “You must be big fans of the band.” “The biggest!” answered the girls, hugging each other happily. They thanked the radio station for providing them with these two tickets. And the host said that they deserved them because they grasped the chance to pursue what they really cared for at the right time.听力练习5参考答案1-5 CCBCB 6-10 CABBA 11-15 CBCAB 16-20 (One possible version) 16. hot 17. exercising 18. ten 19. evening 20. breakfast外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册Unit 5单元测试卷第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)AA donation letter is what you write to a person you expect, who will give away some of his money to support your good cause. Good as the cause may be, it is hard to make a person part with his hard-earned money. It takes some really great writing skills to write such a letter.The donation letter for charity isn’t exactly a formal letter for business communication. You need to take a casual tone. Make sure that you know the name of the recipient (收信人) to sound more like a friendly gesture. The language too should not be extremely serious and should be slightly informal, which can make your recipient willing to believe you.Make sure that you include all the details regarding your program, your funds required, and your plan in the letter. The most important thing is to mention how someone stands to benefit because of the recipient’s contribution. Talk about how many lives your charity fund has been able to change and how many more you wish to change further. This may touch the reader and talk him into making a donation towards your cause. Include the amount which you expect the recipient to donate, within your letter.A typical donation letter is often divided into four paragraphs. The first paragraph will be an introduction to your organization, like what you do, how long you have been running, and your achievements. The second paragraph will give more details regarding your current goals that you’re trying to reach. In the third paragraph you use a more direct method here, asking politely for any help. Keep it short and clear. The final paragraph is your conclusion, where you tell exactly how the help received would be put into good use. Add a “thank you” for any and all help received.1.How should the language used in a donation letter be?A.Relaxing and persuasive.B.Happy and friendly.C.Official and honest.D.Short and clear.2.What is the key to encouraging a donation?A.Asking about the recipient’s plan.B.Including all the details of people in need.C.Telling directly the amount of money you expect.D.Showing the value and importance of one’s donation.3.What is the last paragraph mainly about?A.The skills used for writing business letters.B.The general content of a donation letter.C.The common problems in a donation.D.The tips on making a donation.BInventor James West was born in 1931 in Virginia. As a child, he spent lots of time studying how things worked and enjoyed taking apart small machines. “If I had some tools, any small machines that could be opened were in danger,” West said. “I had a strong desire to know what was inside.”After an accident with a radio, West paid special attention to electricity. But his parents were concerned about the future job for an African-American scientist. They preferred him to become a doctor. However, West headed to Temple University in 1953 to study physics. Because of his school performance in physics, he managed to get training during the summer at Nokia Bell Labs, a world-known American industrial research and scientific development company. He received a college degree in physics in 1957, and upon graduation, he became a worker at Nokia Bell Labs.In 1960, while at Bell, West teamed up with scientist Sessler to develop a less expensive, more powerful and smaller microphone (麦克风), In 1962, they finished the development on the product. Their invention became the industry standard. And even today, 90 percent of microphones — for example, found in telephones, tape recorders, baby monitors and hearing aids — are based on their technology.West was chosen as Inventor of the Year by the state of New Jersey and president of the Acoustical Society of America. And both West and Sessler were chosen into the National Inventors Hall of Fame.West left Bell in 2001. After some interviews with several universities, he chose the Johns Hopkins University and became a research professor at its Whiting School of Engineering. “I discovered that Johns Hopkins was a lot like Bell Labs, where the doors were always open and we were free to work with researchers in other areas,” he said. “I like the fact that I won’t be locked into one small closed room here.”4.Being a child, James West often liked ___________.A.collecting various tools B.working hard at schoolworkC.helping repair household machinesD.studying the operation and structures of machines5.What can we know about West from Paragraph 2?A.His university was famous for its physics teaching.B.His good performance made him get a promising job.C.He gave up the chance to turn his interest into his major.D.He hardly got his parents’ support for his further education.6.Paragraph 3 shows West and Sessler’s invention _________.A.went through plenty of difficultiesB.was unpopular in the market at firstC.was inspired by some electronic productsD.prepared useful technology for many modem machines7.Why did West prefer the Johns Hopkins University?A. It held lots of outdoor activities.B.It had a close connection with Bell Labs.C.It had good working atmosphere for teamwork.D.It was rich in teaching resources and advanced technology.CScientists have discovered a bit of hand-made string (线绳) that’s around 50,000 years old in Neanderthal remains. The first Neanderthal remains were found in the Neander Valley in Germany, which is where the name comes from. Neanderthals may have lived mainly in caves and made stone tools, but recent discoveries have given hints that Neanderthals developed some advanced skills that people used to think impossible. For example, Neanderthals knew how to make glue from the bark (树皮) of a tree.Now, scientists report they’ve found a piece of string on a stone tool made by Neanderthals. Before this, the oldest known piece of string was one made by humans about 19,000 years ago. The string is about a quarter of an inch long. Almost all things made from plants during that time have broken down and disappeared, so it’s very special to find this bit of string.The scientists don’t know whether the string was attached to the tool. But that doesn’t interest them as much as the fact that Neanderthals knew how to make string. Bruce Hardy, the lead scientist on the project, says that knowing how to make string was meaningful for humans. “We wouldn’t really be here today without that technology,” he says.Making string is a very arduous process. This string was made from the inside bark of an evergreen tree. To make string that is strong enough, the string must be made of several smaller fibers twisted (缠绕) together in a special way. For the Neanderthal string, several fibers needed to be twisted together into something like yarn. Then three pieces of yam needed to be twisted together in the opposite direction to make the final string.The scientists Aren’t sure what the string was used for, but they say that string like. the bit that was found could be used to make bags, baskets, traps, or other things. The researchers also suggest that because Neanderthals needed to make pairs and count fibers to make the string, the bit of string may also tell us something about the kinds of math that Neanderthals could do.8.What can we know about Neanderthals?A.They were named after a nation.B.They didn’t know how to make tools.C.They were not as smart as scientists thought.D.They may master more skills than people realized.9.What is special about the string?A.It is surprisingly long.B.It was made from wood.C.It survives a long history.D.It was attached to a stone tool.10. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?A. Neanderthals strengthened stone tools with the string.B. The scientists think the string is part of the stone tool.C.The string-making skill is of great importance to humans.D.Neanderthals had great difficulty in inventing the string.11. What does the underlined word “arduous” in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Difficult.B. Normal.C. Creative.D. Boring.DAfter years of teachers asking for the right answers, students aren’t used to someone asking for the wrong ones. Students’ failure tends to create mental burden that negatively affects learning. Lifting the burden requires us to face failure bravely and encourage students to accept it as a natural part of getting educated. While educators have to make sure that students have the right content and support to avoid long-term failure, it is just as important to accept mistakes as a normal part of education.Sadly, our culture is so focused on success or perfection that students generally aren’t taught about failure. To fill the gap, I share with students a Samuel Beckett quote “Ever tried. Ever failed. No matter. Try again. Fail again. Fail better”. It suggests one becomes better after each failure. I also play a video on game designed by Extra Credits, which shows people can quickly declare their ways as a failure if they don’t work out and then learn from.them to move on. Both the quote and the video can help students get a more positive attitude towards failure.Teachers can help students accept failure better. In her piece “5-Minute Film Festival: Freedom to Fail Forward”, Edutopia author Amy Erin Borovoy had a set of videos-and articles on the subject of failure. Borovoy reminds readers that “a true thinker learns as much from failure as from success.” Taking these short videos as monthly or weekly reminders can, be a great way to start “how have we failed and what have we learned” discussions with students.Teachers can actually use a technique called “Effective Failure” to teach about failure at any time. In my writing class, I often have students volunteer to pick out the worst writing of their own. This lets writers deepen their understanding of why a sentence, word choice, or paragraph construction has failed, and it inspires a sincere interest in better writing. This makes failure work well in class.Also, remember that students are not the only ones who can learn from their mistakes. As those who teach students, we should do that too.12. What matters in education according to Paragraph 1?A.Helping students face failure calmly.B.Making sure every student gets educated.C.Allowing students to show their true selves.D. Training students to get used to long-term failure.13.Samuel Beckett’s quote and the video by Extra Credits both __________.A.show the benefits of failureB.help students develop more interestsC.provide some ways to reduce failureD.teach students to get relaxed properly14.What can we learn about the author from the example in Paragraph 3?A.He tried to advertise for those videos.B.He considered Borovoy a role model to students.C.He thought the videos useful in teaching about failure.D.He found video teaching an easy way to attract students.15.What benefit do students get when the technique “Effective Failure” is used in class?A.They enjoy communicating with others.B.They are brave to admit their disadvantages.C.They can find more interesting writing topics.D.They improve by learning from their weak points.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Teen Read Week is a week-long celebration for teens and reading. Teen Read Week is held during the third week of October each year. It aims at encouraging teens to read for pleasure. Reading for fun has many benefits. 16 More reading will improve test scores and broaden teens’ horizons. And it also helps with their future success.17 They, will plan various activities in hopes of encouraging young adults to pick up a book. Activities can range from simple programs to events featuring special guests and some delicious food.Some libraries host an open house for teens during Teen Read Week. During an open house, the young adult librarian may talk about his or her library’s services for teens, upcoming teen programs, and collections of books suitable for teens. 18.If the budget (预算) permits, some libraries may invite popular authors to their places. Authors who write books for teens can make, a public appearance there. 19 If necessary, they can also answer questions from teens. In the end, the library can offer the authors’ books as a prize to some of the teens in the audience .If you’re reluctant (勉强的) teenage readers, there are tips for you on how to follow Teen Read Week’s spirit — reading for fun. 20 An audiobook (有声读物) can be a good choice to start your interest in reading. You can listen on the way to school. If you like some movies about history, you can try reading related history books. You’ll probably enjoy the more detailed stories presented by the novels.A.Teen gaming nights are another option for libraries.B.Thus, the teens can better learn about the library.C.You might think they are characters out of reach.D.They can tell about their works and writing methods.E.You can search for some interesting reading materials.F.For example, teens can become more interested in reading.G.Public libraries will organize events in honor of Teen Read Week.第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。James Charles is the manager of Kiplin Automotive Group. For about two months, he has been 21 people to use the company’s parking lot as a safe place to sleep at night.Charles was first 22 to pursue (从事)his labor of love after he found there was a woman 23 in a car. Knowing the woman was 24, Charles tried to get her into a shelter. However, he was 25 to find that every shelter in the city was lull. 26 he paid for her to stay in a hotel for a few nights, he knew there were other people experiencing the same situation. “That was really the 27 I got at that time and I realized I needed to do something for those people without delay (耽搁),” he said.Then Charles 28 made a post online asking community members to 29 the word about his plan, so that people in need could know his good 30. “For those going through 31 times, we would like to 32 a safe place for you. We can’t put everyone in a hotel, but 33 we can get you a parking lot, a safe place for the night,” wrote Charles.Since more and more people have 34 his social media post, more and more people joined Charles in reaching a hand. “Any 35, no matter how small, will go towards helping the homeless,” Charles said, “One hand washes the other; two hands wash the face.”21.A. demandingB. hiring C. trainingD.encouraging22.A. inspiredB.persuaded C. taughtD.allowed23.A. travellingB. hiding C. livingD.working24.A. sick B. lonely C. tired D. homeless25.A. excitedB.frightened C. shockedD.ashamed26.A. AlthoughB. Unless C. IfD.But27.A. experimentB. advice C. messageD. difficulty28.A. immediatelyB. suddenly C. graduallyD. casually.29.A. correctB.spread C. rememberD. improve30.A. humorB.performance C. fortuneD.purpose31.A. peaceful B. boring C. toughD.busy32.A. rentB.provide C. protectD.build33.A. at leastB.by chance C. in returnD. on earth34.A. explained B. proven C. ignoredD.shared35.A. commentsB. investments C. donationsD. competitions第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Barbara Millicent Roberts, also called Barbie, (36) ____________ (consider) the most successful toy doll in history. She first (37) ____________ (appear) in the world of toys about 60 years ago, and has become very popular among little girls.According to the Mattel Company, (38) ____________ created Barbie, 90% of all American girls between 3 and 10 have at least one Barbie at home. However, today there are many dolls competing (39) ____________ Barbie on the market. Bratz dolls, for example, look more like today’s pop (40) ____________ (star) with lots of makeup and miniskirts. Now Bratz is (41) ____________ great challenge to Barbie, as the company offers various clothing, too.It seems that Barbie is no longer (42) ____________ (attract) to older girls. “For younger girls, playing with a Barbie is much fun, but when they get older, they want something more fashionable and modern,” says a shop keeper of a toy store in New York. On the international scene, Barbie remains number one. Although Mattel has been selling fewer Barbies in the United States over the past years, sales in other countries have kept (43) ____________ (rise). It is hard (44) ____________ (say) how long Barbie will stay on as a celebrity in the world of toy dolls, but (45) ____________ (undoubted) 60 is not the age to retire.第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，你校英文报“学生园地”栏目拟刊登一篇关于旅行的文章，请你用英语记叙你和家人在假期旅游的经历并投稿。内容包括：1.旅行时间和路线；2.旅行的经过；3.你的感受。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Rain is pouring down today, which brings back sweet memories of our dog, Bambi. She-joined our family at the age of four months. Like all puppies, she was full of energy and wonder. Our boys described excitedly that she looked just like the young deer, Bambi, in the movie they had watched recently. The name fitted her personality perfectly.Bambi also had all the fine physical characteristics of the German Shepherd. She was strong, yet gentle and shy. We were a young family with two growing, energetic boys, so she fitted right in with our lifestyle. Bambi loved the boys. She would play with them until they were completely tired.When Bambi was almost two years old, a full-grown dog, she became quite protective of us. She never failed to watch the boys. If any stranger entered our yard, she’d watch him or her with sharp eyes and let out a low bark. Even though Bambi had this protective instinct (本能), she never hurt anyone. Nevertheless, she did manage to frighten (惊吓) away many welcome and unwelcome guests.On one occasion, I had called a repairman to come to our home to fix the refrigerator. I was at work, and the boys were home with the babysitter. I told the repairman by phone that we had a dog, but it would be safe to enter the house because the babysitter would be there to meet him. However, when the repairman arrived, the babysitter and boys went outside. As he went close to our front door, Bambi was outside and she barked at him while she guarded the door. As long as the man attempted to move, Bambi would jump up and bark more fiercely (凶猛地). This man had never seen such a fierce dog before and was frightened too much. He had no idea whether to go away or scream for help.Paragraph 1:Luckily, the babysitter and boys returned from their walk at that lime._______________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2：Though Bambi was so brave, there, was a side to her personality that didn’t match her._______________________________________________________________________________听说训练6PART A: Reading Aloud 模仿朗读（满分 20 分）In this part, you are required to watch a video clip and read after the speaker in the video.Only in a land almost entirely covered in ice could bare rock be reckoned an oasis. Some, will travel into the heart of the continent to find it. These are nunataks, the exposed peaks of vast mountain ranges buried in ice over a mile deep. The eerie silence here is only broken in spring.PART B: Role Play角色扮演（满分16分）In this part, you are required to act. as a role and complete three communicative tasks: listen to a speaker, ask the speaker three questions and then answer five questions.角色:你是视频中的女子Mary。任务:(1)询问Tom其他相关的信息；(2)根据对话内容回答问题。1.Now please get ready to ask three questions.问题1：现在请准备提出第一个问题。（中文提示:你在意大利过得怎么样?）Q: _____________________________________________________________________________问题2：现在请准备提出第二个问题。（中文提示:你接下来有什么计划？）Q: _____________________________________________________________________________问题3：现在请准备提出第三个问题。（中文提示：你对我的店有什么建议吗？）Q: _____________________________________________________________________________2.Now please get ready to answer five questions.问题1:现在请准备回答第一个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________问题2:现在请准备回答第二个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________问题3:现在请准备回答第三个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________问题4:现在请准备回答第四个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________问题5:现在请准备回答第五个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________PART C: Retelling 故事复述(满分24分)In this part, you are required to listen to a monologue and then retell it based on what you have heard.梗概:我常做一些汤饭给无家可归的人吃，准备在曼德拉日那天送一批毯子给他们。关键词（组）：dream （梦想）friend（朋友） homeless（无家的）blanket（毯子） Nelson Mandela（纳尔逊•曼德拉）___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________听力练习6第一节听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.How is the weather probably now?A.Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy.2.How will the speakers go to the park?.A.By bus. B. By taxi. C. By bike.3.What does the woman probably think of the man’s lifestyle?A.Busy. B. Comfortable. C. Unhealthy.4.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.A family meeting.B.An adventure in a mountain.C.Their plans for summer holiday.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从所听到的内容中获取信息，回答相应小题。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题；每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第5段材料，回答第5、6题。5.What will be prepared for dinner tonight?A.Steak, fish and bacon.B.Chicken, steak and fish.C.Chicken, steak and bacon.6.Who is most probably Mike?A. Tom’s cousin. B. Tom’s nephew.C. Tom’s brother.听第6段材料，回答第7至9题。7.What does the man want to do tomorrow?A. Attend a concert. B. Visit Mr White.C. Go to hospital.8.What’s the probable relationship between Mr White and the man?A. Father and son. B. Teacher and student.C. Boss and employee.9.Why did Mr White know the man was lying?A.The hospital was closed.B.The man often made up stories.C.He had called the man’s grandfather.听第7段材料，回答房10至12题。10.What is the man busy doing recently?A. Working on a report.B. Going on business.C. Studying.11. What gift did the woman give her mom on Mother’s Day last year?A. A dress. B. A necklace.C. A purse.12.What will the speakers do on Mother’s Day this year?A.Do some shopping.B.Cook for their mother.C.Watch a movie with their mom.听第8段材料，回答第13至15题。13.What is Margaret most probably doing now?A.Meeting a customer.B.Making a phone call.C.Having a meeting.14.Where will the man’s family be tomorrow afternoon?A. In a zoo. B. At home. C. In a store.15.What does the woman want Margaret to do?A. Help take care of her son.B. Go to a bookstore with her.C. Send something to her.听第9段材料，回答第16至20题。参考答案1-5 ADBDB 6-10 DCDCC 11-15 AAACD16-20 FGBDE 21-25 DACDC 26-30 ACABD31-35 CBADC36-45 (One possible version)36. is considered 37. appeared 38. which39. with 40. stars 41. a 42. attractive43. rising 44. to say45. undoubtedly写作 (One possible version)第一节During the last summer holiday, my parents and I took a road trip along China National Highway 318 (G318).　Known as the longest national highway in China, G318 starts from Shanghai and runs through many provinces. At first, I felt at ease when we set off from Shanghai. Next, appreciating the landscape along the way, I was deeply impressed by what we saw. As we approached our destination in Tibet, we enjoyed fantastic scenery there, which made our trip more worthwhile.　This was the first time that I had got so close to nature, and it was really an unforgettable trip.第二节Paragraph 1：　Luckily, the babysitter and boys returned from their walk at that time. They rescued the poor frightened repairman from our guard dog. They told Bambi that it was okay to allow the man to enter our home. But Bambi seemed still couldn’t trust this stranger. While the repairman was busy in the kitchen, she kept a watchful eye on him, which made the man very nervous. When he finished his work, he was very glad to go back. This story is always mentioned whenever we talk about Bambi.Paragraph 2:　Though Bambi was so brave, there was a side to her personality that didn’t match her. She was terrified of thunder and lightning. On any summer day when the sun disappeared behind the clouds, Bambi would race to the door and demand to stay inside. She seemed to have the ability to feel the coming of rain. Usually, she was correct because rain, thunder and lightning would soon follow. Though Bambi was no longer with us, our wonderful memories of her remain to brighten rainy days.听力练习6参考答案1-5 ABCCB 6-10 AABAA 11-15 CCCAB16-20 (One possible version) 16. friendships 17. trying 18. Eat19. everything 20. Invite 外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册Unit 6单元测试卷第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)AThere are many great museums in South Africa. Here we will know about some of those museums.The Heart of Cape Town MuseumCape Town is famous for many amazing firsts, especially the world’s first heart transplant (移植). This surgery was under the careful guidance of professor Christiaan Barnard. This museum honors everyone who played a major role in medicine and put South Africa and the .University of Cape Town on an international stage.Cost: $20 (adults); $12 (children)The Iziko South African MuseumFounded in 1825, this museum holds more than 1.5 million objects, especially ancient fossils (化 石) and stone tools made by people living in South Africa millions of years ago. It also clearly presents the appearance of ancient locals.Cost: $20 (adults); $15 (children 6-17); $7 (children under 6)The Warrior Toy MuseumIf you think museums are only for a select few, the Warrior Toy Museum in Simon’s Town will make you change your idea. Having toys of all shapes, sizes, models and themes, it’s a great place for young and old to visit. You can share stories about toys that you played when you were young and create new memories with your children.Cost: $20 (adults); $10 (children 8-16); $5 (children under 8)The Van Tilburg CollectionThe Van Tilburg Collection is a museum that contains 17th and 18th century furniture, paintings and many other works of art from England, France and Italy. And you will also have a chance to enjoy the largest South African collection of Chinese ceramics (陶器).Cost: $22 (adults); $10 (children)Visitors going to the Heart of Cape Town Museum can _________.A. learn some first aid knowledge.B.study the history of Cape TownC.see the inventions made by African peopleD.know about people making medical contributions2.What is special about the Iziko South African Museum according to the text?A.It shows the life of ancient South Africans.B.It protects the plants and animals in South Africa.C.It uses advanced technologies to bring history alive.D.It tells the effects of climate change on South Africa.3.What can be learned about toys in the Warrior Toy Museum?A.They are at reasonable prices.B.They are offered in family activities.C.They attract visitors to do volunteer work there.D.They can bring back childhood memories of visitors.BIsatou Ceesay was born in 1972 in a small village in Gambia, Africa. As a teenager, Ceesay was forced to drop out of school because of poverty. She carried some goods with many girls like her to sell in the market to raise herself At that time, the plastic bags, being strong and light, became popular in Gambia. The problem was that people did not reuse the bags and simply threw them behind their homes. Over time, the houses were surrounded by trash.Ceesay lived in such an environment for many years. She kept learning from the surrounding environment and planned to take action to change. In 1997, she started a recycling movement called One Plastic Bag in Gambia. She educated women in Gambia to recycle plastic waste into income for themselves. In the beginning, the movement had a mission to educate their village colleagues about the need to reuse garbage and recycle plastic waste, rather than letting the garbage increase behind their homes.Over time, the movement became big and able to support and provide income for women around. It was also able to greatly reduce plastic waste in Gambia. But the work of collecting trash turned to be taxing. During the rainy season, plastic waste became wet and difficult to take, and after that it still took patience to dry it before it could be processed.Ceesay said, “As a habit, people are used to pouring their garbage behind their houses, and because it is not visible, they forget it. But the bad effects again knock on your door very quickly — dirty air, various diseases and so on. Of course, if one man’s house is clean but his neighbor’s is not, then the man is also not healthy.”For 17 years, Ceesay has contributed to one of the most important problems about the plastic waste. In 2012, she got the TIAW Difference Maker Award in Washington, DC, United States. Her story was written into a book, which inspires many others to join or become makers of change in their own communities.4. What can be learned about young Ceesay from Paragraph 1 ?A.She gave up the chance of going to school.B.She had many friends good at doing business.C.She sold strong and light plastic bags to support herselfD. She lived in an environment heavily polluted by plastic waste.5.What can we infer about Ceesay’s recycling movement?A.It aimed to make full use of natural resources to get rich. B.It was hard to carry on because of the shortage of workers.C.It benefited both people’s economic situation and the environment.D.It taught the villagers to replace plastic bags with handmade ones.6.What does the underlined word “taxing” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Challenging.B. Pleasant.C. Dangerous.D. Successful.7.What does Ceesay mainly intend to say in Paragraph 4?A.Bad habits are hard to remove once formed. B.Gaibage problems contribute greatly to climate change.C.Valuing the relationship between neighbors is important.D. Dealing with plastic waste is a shared responsibility in communities.CScientists have long thought about whether each animal species has a different language, much like different human languages that we cannot understand. Language experts agree on the fact that the way animals communicate through various calls does not fit the definition of human languages.Animal calls are not considered a language because the calls are limited to signals related to food activities, warning about the presence of enemies and so on. They lack the characteristic of productivity that all human languages share. That is — humans create new expressions every day by combining different words to express meanings. Animal calls are fixed in their meanings, while human language goes further and includes expressions of complex ideas that do not have a limit.However, animals do communicate. People who study humans believe that people speak with their entire bodies. To express a message, one does not always need words. Have you ever shared a private joke with your friends across the table? All you did was to give them a self-satisfied smile, Animals can communicate in much the same way as humans do. Although animals do not have the ability to speak words, they can use other methods, such as gestures, movements, calls and their sense of smell. In short, most of their communication is not related with speech.If animals can make noises, why can’t they talk? Humans and animals both have the necessary organs that produce sounds, such as lungs, throat, voice box, lips and tongue. But the differences lie in the movement and relative position of these organs that make it possible for us to speak.When humans developed from apes, a lot of our features were improved to better shape sounds along the way. The mouth started getting smaller and the neck grew longer. All other animals, including our closest animal relatives — chimpanzees, have little similarity, which determines humans’ ability to speak.8.What does the first paragraph suggest? A. Animal calls don’t belong to languages.B.Animal calls are not easy to understand.C.Different animals have their own languages.D.Different animals have different communication skills.9.What do we know about animal calls and human languages?A.Animal calls can express rich meanings.B.Animal calls are often made in dangerous situations.C.Human languages are more creative and changeable.D.Human languages and animal calls are both developing.10.What can be concluded from Paragraph 3 about animals?A.They may have lost the power of speech.B.They also communicate through body language.C.They also have difficulty understanding some words.D.They master more ways than humans to communicate.11.Why do animals foil to speak according to the last two paragraphs?A.Their lifestyles require less communication.B.They have a slow change in mental movement.C.They lack fully developed language-related organs.D.Their intelligence determines their poor ability to speak.DYou’ve probably heard it a dozen times by now. But here it goes again: Sleep is important. Your mental health and immune (免疫时)system are connected to your sleeping habits. So are your grades, a new study finds. Sleep accounts for nearly one-fourth of the difference among students’ grades in a class. So even if you spend hours studying for a test but get too little sleep, you might still do poorly.Typically, people’s sleep schedules are messy and can not be known in advance. Professor Jeffrey Grossman of Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge wanted to see if sleep links to people’s learning performance even when a study was done with people who kept such true-to-life schedules at home. So he turned to Fitbits, which can check how long people sleep and how frequently they wake up. And the researchers looked for 100 students. They focused on these students’ sleep patterns in the days and weeks before exams and then compared them to these students' test scores.“How much time a person sleeps the night. before an exam doesn’t affect that person’s grade,” Grossman says. “A student who sleeps 7 hours every night will do better than a student who sleeps 7.5 hours one night and 6.5 hours another night.”“It’s important for people to know that if their Fitbits tell them that they have terrible sleep, that may not actually be so,” Michael Scullin, a sleep scientist at Baylor University says. Grossman also raises this point. Fitbit, Inc. makes this advanced tool. But it doesn’t share how its tool works. This leaves a question about whether the tool is really correct when checking a student’s sleep. Even so, Scullin emphasizes that there are enough data supporting ties between sleep and how well someone performs.“Students need more sleep and less late evening use of phones and other screens. Even with after-school activities and schoolwork, they need to get enough sleep,” Grossman says.12.What factor did Grossman consider when conducting his study?A.Students’ mental health.B.Students’ learning habits.C.Students’ previous grades.D.Students’ usual sleep state.13.What is the major finding of Grossman’s study?A.Study pressure makes students go to sleep late.B.People should follow their own sleep schedules.C.Regular sleep has a good impact on learning performance.Dr The necessary amount of sleep depends a lot on people’s health.14.What can we learn about the Fitbits from Paragraph 4?A.They need further improvement.B.They are designed for teenagers.C.They affect people’s quality of sleep.D.They can give sleep advice for each user.15.What does the passage mainly talk about?A.Teenagers’ sleep-related problems.B.Learning results and enough sleep.C.High school students’ sleeping habits.D.Methods to improve learning interest.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选顼。选项中有两项为多余选项。I have worked for a local charity for many years. I volunteered there as one of the youth group leaders. The job sometimes was tiring. 16 And one of our favorite activities is called “ARK night” — A couple of times a year, on a Sunday night, all kids in the charity went into our community to perform kind acts for others.17 One group typically goes downtown and hands out sandwiches, water and bread. Another group makes posters and goes to local police and fire stations to say “Thank you”. Our group often visits nursing homes and hospitals.One time, the group I was leading left post-it notes (便利贴) with positive messages on the cars in a hospital’s parking lot. The hope was that someone who was sad after visiting a patient would be cheered up by our notes. 18 I made the kids write positive messages on the notes. Then we went out to put those notes on cars.After the kids left their notes on the cars, one girl said, “We didn’t see one single person tonight. How will we know our notes made a difference?” I replied, “19” But actually I wondered about it, too. Would the notes cheer anyone up? But I had to take those kids back before 9:00 pm.Later I got the answer. On Monday morning I found a post online by a woman. She described her bad luck over the weekend. “But then,” she added, “this morning I found the nicest little note on my car. It made my day.” She included a photo of the note. It was one of our notes! 20A.Let’s stay here and find out.B.We’ll just have to trust that they did.C.The drivers were surprised by our special notes.D.But I loved working with those little volunteers.E.I smiled and couldn’t wait to tell the kids the good news.F.We had spent the first part of the evening preparing notes.G.The kids are divided into small groups, with each group having a different task.第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Dino Impagliazzo cuts onions like a professional cook. The old man makes a great vegetable soup,21 most of his u customersM can’t even 22 a piece of bread.Impagliazzo, the founder of the RomAmoR association (协会), began cooking for the homeless fifteen years ago. The 23 came to Impagliazzo when a homeless man asked him for 24. After knowing the gentleman, he discovered that many homeless people in Rome 25 to find food on Sundays, when homeless associations were closed. “I realized that perhaps instead of giving him a bill to buy sandwiches, 26 some sandwiches would be better, and thus began our 27,” Impagliazzo said.He started out by making sandwiches from his home, and then moved on to hot meals. 28, his organization moved to a fully-equipped kitchen. Volunteers can now be found cooking up food on a(n) 29 basis. Three days a week, he works alongside 300 volunteers, and then the volunteers 30 the work throughout the week. The positive action never stops for a day.Besides, recruiting (招募) volunteers is very 31. “We try to make more and more people join the activities so that Rome becomes a city of love where people can 32 each other,” said Impagliazzo. Impagliazzo 33 food materials from local stores. The workers there greet him warmly and are always 34 to make a contribution.Finally, Impagliazzo’s 35 has earned him the title of Rome’s “chef of the poor”.21.A. so B. but C. or D. for22.A. pass overB. bring in C. break offD. pay for23.A. ideaB. conclusion C. evidenceD. explanation24.A. suggestionsB. directions C. workD. money25.A. agreedB. struggled C. refusedD. feared26.A. sellingB. making C. packingD. storing27.A. analysisB. discussion C. projectD. competition28.A. EventuallyB.Immediately C. SurprisinglyD. Normally29. A. equalB. natural C. weeklyD.daily30.A. continueB.stop C. improveD.apply31.A. importantB.common C. funnyD.difficult32.A. communicate with B.compare with C. care forD.stand for33.A. keepsB.checks C. removesD.gathers34.A. uncertainB.grateful C. afraidD.glad35.A. generosityB.wealth C. confidenceD.luck第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的 单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Yoho National Park is a Canadian national park. (36) ____________ (cover) an area of about 507 square miles, it was established in 1886. Yoho National Park (37) ____________ (know) as one of the four famous national parks in the Canadian Rockies. Because of its special (38) ____________ (locate), Yoho National Park has many mountains, including Mount Stephen, Mount Balfour, Mount Goodsir and so on. The (39) ____________ (tall) mountain among them is Mount Stephen. There are also waterfalls in the park. Wapta Falls is the largest waterfall. And Takakkaw Falls is (40) ____________ (official) known as the second highest measured waterfall.Yoho National Park is close (41) ____________ three other national parks in the Canadian Rockies. To the north is Jasper National Park, (42) ____________ is the largest of the four. Banff National Park borders (接界) Yoho from the east. Kootenay National Park, (43) ____________ (name) after one of the two rivers that flow into it, is located to the south.Although most people like to visit Yoho during the summer, there are quite (44) ____________ sizable number of visitors during the spring and autumn. Common summer (45) ____________ (activity) include camping, climbing, hiking, fishing, and wildlife viewing.第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假设你是学生会主席李华，你校将举办一次主题为“Human and nature”的英语演讲比赛，请你写封邮件邀请你校外教Paul来做评委，内容包括：1.发出邀请；2.比赛相关信息；3.期待参加。注意：1.词数80左右；2..可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。“Are you sure you want to come with me?” My fifteen-year-old daughter couldn’t miss the doubt in my tone. Nikki used to think exercise was similar to slow death.But that day was different. “Yeah,” she said, “I haven’t spent much time with you lately.” She wore her sweatshirt, took an oversized water bottle and looked at me expectantly.“Okay, let’s go then.” Doubtful or not, I was grateful my teenage daughter still wanted to hang out with me.Suddenly, I had visions of Nikki becoming my new workout partner. And we would build a whole new relationship based on our common love of exercise.The ten-minute drive to the gym went smoothly. After we entered the two-story building, we found two treadmills (跑步机), side by side. I placed my water bottle in the holder, hung a face towel over the handrail (扶手) and took off my sweatshirt. Nikki’s water bottle was too large to fit into the holder, so she set it on the floor and climbed onto her treadmill.Stepping over to her, I told her how to control the treadmill. “You might want to fasten the safety key to your shirt,” I instructed her.“Why?”“It’ll protect you if you fall.”She rolled her eyes. “That’s not going to happen.”I knew from experience that it was useless to argue with her. And really, I’d never actually seen anyone fall from the treadmill, so I figured she had a point. I increased my speed; she increased hers. Several minutes later, I noticed her eyeing the water bottle she’d set on the floor.“Don’t reach for that bottle while you’re moving. If you need a drink, stop the treadmill first,” I warned.With an eye roll and headshake, she ignored me. She managed to hold the water bottle, if not gracefully, at least successfully. Maybe I wasn’t giving her enough credit. Then I heard a loud thump (碰撞声). It took me a moment to realize that the noise wasn’t coming from behind me but beside me.Paragraph 1:Looking at my daughter. I was struck by the strange sight of her running on her knees._______________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:“Are you okay?” I took her free hand and asked._______________________________________________________________________________听说训练7PART A : Reading Aloud 模仿朗读(满分20分)In this part, you are required to watch a video clip and read after the speaker in the video. Winter is approaching last. The sea ice is starting to form. A floating continent is about to materialise. The land becomes white once more...as does the fox. For it, months of scavenging lie ahead. But for the bears, the good times have finally returned. Their window of opportunity is back.PART B: Role Play角色扮演（满分16分）In this part, you are required to act as a role and complete three communicative tasks: listen to a speaker, ask the speaker three questions and then answer five questions.角色:你是视频中的女子Mary。任务:(1)询问视频中的男子Tom其他相关信息；(2)根据谈话内容回答问题。1.Now please ask the speaker three questions.问题1：现在请准备提出第一个问题。（中吏提示：你什么时候开始从事这项运动的？）Q: _____________________________________________________________________________问题2：现在请准备提出第二个问题。（中文提示：你为什么会选择我作为你的学生呢？）Q: _____________________________________________________________________________问题3：现在请准备提出第三个问题。（中文提示:我们应该如何开始呢？）Q: _____________________________________________________________________________2.Now please get ready to answer five questions.问题1:现在请准备回答第一个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________问题2:现在请准备回答第二个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________问题3:现在请准备回答第三个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________问题4:现在请准备回答第四个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________问题5:现在请准备回答第五个问题。A: _____________________________________________________________________________PART C: Retelling 故事复述(满分24分)In this part, you are required to listen to a monologue and then retell it based on what you have heard.梗概：一天Jack，Mike和Peter去爬山途中他们轮流讲故事。关键词（组）:climbing （爬山）tell stories （讲故事） interesting （有趣的）carry （拿） for a long time （长时间）___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________听力练习7第一节听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选顼中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答清关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Teacher and student.B.Wife and husband.C.Colleagues.2.What will the girl do?A.Search online for the railway timetable.B.Book a train ticket to Manchester.C.Call the train ticket office. 3.What does the woman mean?A.The man should work harder.B.The man should have a rest.C.The man should see a doctor.4.What are the speakers talking about?A. A performance. B. A book.C. A movie.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从所听到的内容中获取信息，回答相应小题。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题；每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第5段材料，回答第5、6题。5.What did the woman finally get?A. Some ice cream. B. Some soft drinks.C. Some fruit.6.How does the man most probably feel now?A. Full. B. Tired. C. Thirsty.听第6段材料，回答第7至9题。7.Why did John go to the Alps?A.To meet his family.B.To visit some friends there.C.To go on a trip.8.How did John get to the Alps?A. By train.B. By car.C. By plane.9.How old is John probably now?A. 22.B. 30.C. 32.听第7段材料，回答第10至12题。10.How might Kate feel about her history performance at school?A. Upset. B. Proud. C. Confused.11.What does Kevin think is more important about history studying? .A.What caused the events.B.When the events took place.C.What influence the events had.12.What will the speakers do tomorrow morning?A. Visit a teacher. B. Go to a lecture.C. Attend a meeting..听第8段材料，回答第13至15题、、13.Where will Mary probably spend the whole afternoon?A. At the library. B. At her apartment.C. In the classroom.14.What will Mary write about?'A.The pyramids in Egypt.B.Education in ancient Egypt.C.Daily life of ancient Egyptians.1 5. What will the man do after finishing studying this afternoon?A.Go shopping.B.Visit a friend.C.Take a rest.听第9段材料，回答第16至20题。A trip to Chengdu参考答案1-5 DADDC 6-10 ADACB 11-15 CDCAB16-20 DGFBE21-25 BDADB26-30 BCADA31-35 ACDDA36-45 (One possible version)36. Covering37. is known 38. location39. tallest40. officially 41. to42. which43. named 44. a45. activities写作 (One possible version)第一节Dear Paul,　I’m Li Hua, the president of the Students’ Union. I’m writing to invite you to be a judge of the coming English speech competition.　To be held in the school hall on October 15, the competition focuses on the topic of “Human and nature”. It will start at 3:00 pm and last for about three hours. Fifteen students from different classes will give speeches on the topic, each having at most 10 minutes. Hope you can accept my invitation and your presence counts a lot.　Looking forward to your early reply.　　Yours sincerely,　　Li Hua第二节Paragraph 1:　Looking at my daughter, I was struck by the strange sight of her running on her knees. Nikki had one hand hold the handrail for dear life and the other hold the water bottle. Panic filled her eyes as she looked at me while struggling to keep up the pace on her knees. If she let go of the handrail, she’d fall from the machine. I jumped off my own treadmill and rushed to hit the pause button on hers. The treadmill slowed, and Nikki’s movement slowed with it until it finally stopped.Paragraph 2: “Are you okay?” I took her free hand and asked. “I’m fine,” she said with a painful expression. After making sure she didn’t hurt, I laughed aloud. I tried to stop it but couldn’t. Nikki looked at me angrily. A few moments later, I was finally able to control myself. Then, Nikki stood up and asked me to go home. That was the last time Nikki ever joined me at the gym. My dream of having her as my lifetime workout partner ended.听力练习7参考答案1-5 CABCC6-10 ACBCA 11-15 ABABA 16-20 (One possible version) 16. sightseeing 17. October 18. plane19. downtown 20. cheapTour guidesTracy, Peter and AndyCity16Timestart at 17 tomorrowNoticebring an 18wear 19 walking shoestake a camerabe 20 when visiting St Paul’s CathedralJourney40 pagesAge Range: 4-8 yearsPublisher: Candlewick (6 Aug. 2013)Language: EnglishPrice: $ 10.72IntroductionA girl can’t get the attention of her busy family. She goes to her room feeling sad but discovers a red crayon and draws a magic door on her bedroom wall and through it escapes into a world where wonder, adventure, and danger abound (大量存在). On her journey, she finds people are trying to catch a bird. She rescues the bird with courage but finds herself caught and placed in a cage. The grateful bird helps her escape and together they fly to safety and back to the city where the girl lives.About the authorBorn in Baltimore, Aaron Becker moved to California to attend Pomona College where he scored his first illustration (插图) job designing T-shirts. Then, he traveled to Kenya, Japan and Sweden backpacking around while looking for interesting things and feeding his imagination. He’s now busying at work on his next book project.ReviewsBy Barb Mechalke on November 23, 2019This is a beautiful book and tells a story only with illustrations.By Elise Nuttall on August 11, 2017It’s a picture book, and it’s so inventive and creative! I “read” it with my niece and she absolutely loved that book. She could understand the story without having to struggle as a new readerBy Colby J Cuppernull on September 11, 2013I read this book with my three-and-a-half-year-old son last night. Tonight, when we read it again, it is slightly different. New words are used to give voice to the story told through the images. Every time we read this book, it will become new.NameInformation Technology High SchoolLocationOn 44th Road in Long Island City, 16InformationIt is a 17 school.It was built on the former site of a 18.There are about 19 students i from grade 9 through 12.Most of the students speak 20.Daylightlasting for about 16 hours and 31 minutes a dayTheTemperature• having about S days when the temperature reaches over 17 •Temperatures of 320C or above aren’t 18 in July.Otherinformation•July is one of the 19 months in Seattle.•July is the least likely month to have a 20 .Susaneating 16 foods and 17 regularlyBobgoing to bed around 18 o’clock 0b every nightDavidtaking exercise in the 19Timhaving 20 every morningTopic Ways to develop 16 at collegeTipsAvoid 17 to be someone else.18 with others.Know a bit about 19.20 people to join you for activities.Purposeto go 16TimeLast 17How to get to Chengduby 18How to go 19 by busHow is my room in the hotelbig, clean and 20