外研版 (2019) 英语 必修 第一册 第十九讲作文专题学案

第十九讲    作文专题

【学习目标】

1．本节课只讲书信作文，了解常考书信作文类型，理解并掌握句子成分，保证句子的完整。

2．学会用新学知识写出一篇结构完整，优秀的书信作文。

         内容分析

         语言分析

写作“套话”是建立在三大结构基础上的，作文中一些常见思路一定要牢记，牢记是思考和提高的基础。

开头段：灵活地去写四种内容

1、问候；

How are you doing?

How is everything going?

How is life treating you?

2、自我介绍；

I am LiHua, a 17-year-old boy currently studying in XXX middle school.

I am LiHua, who...

As the vice monitor of our class, I ...

3、写信背景（写信的缘由）

I heard that ...

My teacher told us...

I am informed that...

I learned that...我得知...

I read in your newspaper/ micro-blog /website that...

You said in your last letter that...

4、写信目的；

Now, I am writing to do sth.

Now, I am writing this letter to do sth.

Now, I am writing these few lines to do sth

【六种最常见书信的“写信目的”部分的最佳写法】

自荐信：

Now, I am writing to apply for the job/position.

感谢信:

Now, I am writing to show/ express my heartfelt gratitude to you.

邀请信：

Now, I am writing to invite you to join the....(as our guest/ judge/ instructor).

建议信：

Now, I am writing to give you a hand.

求助信：

Now,  I am writing to ask you to give me a hand/ do me a favor.

道歉信:

Now, I am writing to show/ express my heartfelt apology to you.

         提分套路

中间段：具体问题（主题句）+具体分析

【六种最常见书信的“中间段”最佳写法】

自荐信：写自己的优势

写法一

 There are four main reasons why I am fit for the position/job. To begin with, ... Moreover,... What's more,... Finally,...

写法二

 I have three main advantages. First and foremost,...Additonally,...Last but not least,...

写法三

 I have the confidence that I can handle the job. Firstly,... Secondly,...Thirdly,...

感谢信：写对方为你所做的事      

      When I （看照片、看录像、看那段时间的日记、回忆那段经历）, I just can't help thinking of you/ what you have done for me. It was so kind of you to （对方做的第一件事）. Besides, you（对方做的第二件事）, which really surprised me. Actually, I shall always remember （对方做的第三件事）, considering that,（第三件事情的意义）. Nothing will be able to erase our wonderful memories, and I will cherish them forever.

邀请信：描述具体的活动内容，如活动主题、意义、地点、时间、参加者和其它事项。

      Here are some details for the activities. To begin with, （活动主题或活动目的，如：the theme of the contest is "human and the nature", which is undoubtedly not only entertaining but also instructive. ）Moreover, （活动的地点和时间，如it will be in room 501 from 2:00 to5:00 on the afternoon of June 15th.） What's more,（活动人员，如： ten outstanding competitors will take part in the contest.）Finally, （其他信息，

如：if you need any further information, please call me at 44876655. ）

建议信：写给对方的具体建议      

写法一

There are several simple suggestions for you. To begin with, ... Moreover,... What's more,... Finally,...

写法二

Immediate and effective practice must be put into practice. First and foremost,...Additonally,...Last but not least,...

写法三

The following suggestions carried out, things would probably become much better. Firstly,... Secondly,...Thirdly,...

求助信：写具体需要帮助的事项

      I wish you would be so kind as to give me some suggestions/help on the following problems. To begin with,（困难一）,which has annoyed me for quite a long time. Moreover,（困难二）, for personally I lack the very basic experience on this matter.Finally,...

常用句型：（做某事有困难）

1、I have trouble in doing sth.

2、I find it extremely hard for me to do sth.

3、Doing sth is another terrible headache for me.

常见困难：

1、与人相处 get along well with my classmates/ the new teacher / my parents.（和我的同学/新老师/父母相处）

2、把握时间 arrange and make good use of my everyday time for valuable things. （安排和利用每天的时间去做有意义的事情）

3、明确目标 know the purpose of my life and the destination of my future in order to passionately live a purpose-driven life everyday. （知道我生命的目的和未来的目标，以便每天充满激情地过着“目标驱动”的生活）

生活方面

1、不懂语法 

have trouble in mastering the advanced grammar rules and put them into use in my speaking and writing. （觉得掌握高级语法并应用于口语和写作很难。）

2、进步太慢 

find myself making progress not as fast as before, which has been annoying me for a long time.（典型的好孩子啊！发现自己进步没有以前快了，感到很苦恼...情商的体现！）

3、精力有限 can't be passionate and energetic all day long so as to make every moment meaningful and splendid. （没法儿一天到晚精力充沛以便把每个瞬间都过得精彩和有意义——这句话绝对会让老师对你肃然起敬...）

学习方面

道歉信：描述不能或没能做到某事（如：赴约、还书、提供某种帮助）的原因

一般要以记叙文的形式写出以下三个内容：

1: 不能做某事的缘由；

2：对方能够谅解你的理由

3：衷心希望对方能够谅解；

【示例1】因不能按期还书而道歉——因为被我表妹强行借走了

Dear Kate,

How is everything going? I am writing to beg your pardon for my long delaying in returning to you your “Gone with the Wind” which I read through with great interest.

I had already finished reading the book and was about to return it when my cousin came to see me. Never having seen the book, She was so interested in it that I had no choice but to allow her finish the book. I hope that in view of the additional delight thus afforded by your book, you will overlook my negligence（疏忽）in not returning it sooner. I sincerely hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation. Thanking you again for the loan.

Sincerely yours,

Tom

注：除了道歉信中间段落需要写成记叙形式，其余五种书信都应该写成议论形式。不管是记叙还是议论，中间段落第一句都应该写一个概括性质的“主题句”——这是我们的原则！

3

结尾段：背过各种客套话

【六种书信“结尾段”最佳写法】

自荐信：

      Hopefully the chance would be offered to me. If chosen/elected, I would dedicate all my energy and wisdom to the company/activity/club/class. Thank you for reading my letter/ listening to my speech in such a hot summer. Looking forward do your reply at your earliest convenience./ I won't let you down.（我不会让你们失望）

注：在这个段落模板中，我们融合了自荐信结尾段和竞选演讲结尾段两个段落，两种结尾段都需要四个句子。

感谢信：

I, on behalf of my whole family/class/school, would like to thank you again for what you have done for me/us. May you be blessed in everything you do.

      我代表我的全家再次向你所做的一切向你表达感谢。祝你万事如意！

邀请信：

      We are sincerely looking forward to your coming. My schoolmates/family and I would feel much honored if you could make it. I would like to meet you at the school gate and please drop me a line or give me a call to let me know your decision soon.Thank you.

      我们衷心期望您能大驾光临。如果您能来，同学们和我将非常的荣幸。我会在校门口迎接您，请回信或打电话告诉我您的决定。谢谢。

建议信：

      Hopefully these suggestions will be of great help to you. If there is anything else I can do for you, please let me know as soon as possible. I'm sure you can solve your problembefore long.

求助信：

      Hopefully your kind and timely help would be offered to me.Looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience. 

道歉信：

      Hopefully you would accept my sincere apologize.

注：六种书信最后的结尾都是:Best wishes, / Yours truely, /XXX

【基础练习】

假定你是校排球队队长李华。请写封邮件告知你的队友Chris球队近期将参加比赛, 内容包括：1. 比赛信息；2. 赛前准备；3. 表达期待。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Chris,

I’m writing to let you know that we will have a volleyball match next month.

The match will take place in our school gym on the morning of July 8th. We will play against a team from Lingnan High School. For good performance in the match, we mustget fully prepared and practice hard. So starting tomorrow, we all need to train for two hours after school every day. In addition, we should avoid getting hurt during the training and have a healthy diet to keep fit.

You’re an excellent player. With you on the team, we have every hope of beating Lingnan. Let’s try hard together!

Cheers, 

Li Hua

亲爱的克里斯，

我写信是想告诉你我们下个月将有一场排球比赛。比赛将于7月8日上午在我校体育馆举行。我们将和岭南中学的一个队比赛。为了在比赛中有好的表现，我们必须做好充分的准备，努力练习。所以从明天开始，我们每天放学后都要训练两个小时。此外，我们还应避免在训练中受伤，并且合理膳食保持身体健康。

你是个优秀的运动员。有你在队里，我们完全有希望打败岭南。让我们一起努力！

祝好，李华

练习二

假定你是李华。你所在的校乒乓球队正在招收新队员。请给你的留学生朋友Eric写封邮件邀请他加入，内容包括：

1. 球队活动；2. 报名方式及截止日期。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Eric,

How’s everything going? The table-tennis team of our school is admitting new players. I’m sure it will appeal to you, for you have been enthusiastic about sports. Therefore, I’d like to invite you to join the team. Now the information in detail.The team will hold a range of activities, including some training and matches. And some world-famous players will be invited to give lessons. If you are interested in it, you may either send an email to 123456@sina.com or sign up in person. The deadline is June 25th, 2017.

 I sincerely hope you could join us. Don’t hesitate to ask me if you have any questions.I’m looking forward to your early reply.

Yours,

Li Hua

一切都好吗？我们学校的乒乓球队正在招收新队员。我相信这一定很吸引你，因为你一直热衷于体育运动。因此，我想邀请你加入我们的团队。详情如下。

该队将举行一系列活动，包括一些训练和比赛。还会邀请一些世界著名的运动员来授课。如果你有兴趣，可以发邮件到123456@sina.com或亲自报名。截止日期是2017年6月25日。我真诚地希望你能加入我们。如果你有任何问题，尽管问我。

期待你的早日回复。

你的，

李华