2025届高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题四语法填空第三讲冠词代词介词短语数词及连词

这是一份2025届高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题四语法填空第三讲冠词代词介词短语数词及连词，共43页。
(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Further, the Silk Rute Garden arund the greenhuse walks visitrs thrugh a jurney influenced by the ancient Silk Rad, by which silk as well as many plant species came t Britain fr 61._________ first time.
[解析] 第一步：确定是否填冠词。分析句子结构可知，空后有名词time。
第二步：判断是特指还是泛指。fr the first time是固定搭配，意为“第一次”。
[答案] the
[技法点拨]
第一步：确定是否填冠词
分析句子结构，看空后是否有名词。
第二步：判断是特指还是泛指
1．若空后有可数名词单数，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑用不定冠词a/an；
2．若空后有名词，搭配后表示特指时，应考虑用定冠词the；
3．看看是不是固定搭配。
考法 冠词的基本用法
[试做经典]
1．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The meat shuld be fresh with _________ tuch f sweetness, and the surrunding sup ht, clear and delicius.
a 考查冠词。a tuch f是固定搭配，意为“少许、微量”。
2．(2023·浙江卷1月)In cntrast t the curt life and upper-class culture represented by the Frbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple f Heaven, the hutngs reflect _________ culture f grassrts Beijingers.
the 考查冠词。根据名词culture后面的介词短语f grassrts Beijingers可知，此处culture表示特指概念，应用定冠词the修饰。
3．(2022·全国甲卷)_________ friend f his, Wu Fan, vlunteered t be his cmpanin during the trip.
A 考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母应大写。
4．(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Cvering an area abut three times _________ size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.
the 考查冠词。此处用the，构成倍数表达法：倍数＋the size f＋名词。
5．(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)_________ Brwn family live in an apartment building utside Trnt.
The 考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，空处要填写冠词与Brwn family 构成名词短语作主语。“the＋姓氏”意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。空处位于句首，首字母应该大写。
6．(2024·浙江卷1月)Over the last tw years, sme supermarkets have started selling chicken r salad in packs designed with tw halves cntaining separate prtins (份). Then, when yu use ne sectin, _________ ther stays fresh.
the 考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，空后省略了名词sectin。the ther意为“另一个”，为固定搭配，空处应用定冠词。
7．(2024·青岛二模)Watching Liu wrk is _________ visual delight.
a 考查冠词。此处为抽象名词具体化，空后的delight意为“令人享受的事情”，表泛指，visual的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。
8．(2024·惠州二模)Using shrt vides ver new media platfrms t prmte turism has becme _________ effective publicity channel.
an 考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处表示“一个有效的宣传渠道”，故前要加不定冠词表示单数概念，因空后effective的发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。
9．(2024·江苏五地第三次调研)They have _________ better flavr than the later batches which can be grwn vernight.
a 考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处表示“一个更好的口味”，为泛指，应用不定冠词来修饰，且better的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。
10．(2024·株洲一模)One day, when we lk up at the sky, we may find that many satellites in _________ vast universe are lking back at us.
the 考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，空后universe 为名词，vast universe意为“浩瀚的宇宙”。此处表示唯一性，故用定冠词the。
11．(2024·娄底模拟)At the age f 27, she was named an inheritr (传承人) f Hua'er, becming _________ yungest inheritr f this traditinal art at the time.
the 考查冠词。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，此处表示最高级，应用the来修饰。
12．(2024·十堰4月调研)After that talk with his mther, Jhn set abut making the effrt t learn the art frm and hped t change _________ idea that men culdn't learn embridery.
the 考查冠词。根据句意可知，约翰希望改变的是“男人不能学习刺绣”这一观念，句中idea表特指，前面应加定冠词the。
[技法点拨]
1．两个口诀巧判用the还是a/an
(1)用定冠词the的情况：
特指双方熟悉，上文已提及，世上独一无二，专有名词、西洋乐器、序数词或最高级前；
(2)用不定冠词a/an的情况：
泛指一类人或物，与ne同义表“一”，和序数词一起表“又一、再一”。
2．五种可能填冠词的情况
(1)填不定冠词a/an的情况：
①a/an＋单数可数名词；
②a/an＋形容词＋单数可数名词。
(2)填定冠词the的情况：
①the(＋定语)＋名词＋f等介词短语；
②the(＋定语)＋名词＋定语从句；
③the(＋定语)＋名词＋不定式/分词短语。
3．根据固定搭配或用法确定冠词
(1)不定冠词用在固定搭配中，如：
catch a cld、 have a fever、 all f a sudden、 as a matter f fact、 as a result、 have a gift fr、 make a living、 give sb. a lift、 have a gd knwledge f等；
(2)定冠词用在固定搭配中，如：
at the same time、 n the cntrary、 t tell the truth、 in the distance、 make the mst/best f、 n the spt等；
(3)动词(catch/take/hit等)＋sb.＋介词＋the＋身体部位；
(4)a＋比较级(＋名词)，表示“一个更……的人或物”；
(5)抽象名词具体化
具有某种特性、状态、情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时，可以与不定冠词连用，常考的有：surprise、 pleasure、 cmfrt、 danger、 success、 failure、 beauty等。
Test 1
(2024·潮州一模)In 1998, an ec-museum was established in Sujia Mia, Yi and Hui Twnship, China's Guizhu Prvince. Cnsisting f 12 villages, including Gaxing Village, the ec-museum is different frm traditinal nes. It isn't enclsed by walls and 1._________ it shwcases is mre than varius cllectins.
Xing Shazhen, a 77-year-ld resident f Gaxing Village, weaves every day with a lm (织布机) in a wden huse, her daughter-in-law busy 2._________(learn) the craft frm her.“The cstumes, language, music and even the way f prductin f the lcal cmmunity are all living 3._________(significance) exhibits，” said Lu Gang, head f the museum.
A decade ag, Gaxing Village 4._________(list) in a traditinal Chinese villages catalg (目录). Hwever, Lu fund there were few lms left in the village. He 5._________(apply) fr a budget frm relevant departments and invited prfessinal craftsmen t prduce lms fr the villagers. He asked each villager that received the machine 6._________(use) it and train an inheritr (继承者) f the lcal weaving technique. In additin, mst f the ld flk huses with their 7._________(rf) made f straw needed regular replacement and Lu had their riginal appearance 8._________(restre).
There are 25 such ec-museums in the prvince, which are in line 9._________ sustainable develpment principles. Nt nly d they guide villagers t perfrm independent-management and activate their passin fr preserving their traditinal cultures, but they create mre jbs and give 10._________ bst t lcal turism.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了贵州省梭戛苗族彝族回族乡建立的生态博物馆。
1．what 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，应用what引导。
2．learning 考查固定搭配。be busy ding sth.是固定搭配，意为“忙于做某事”。
3．significant 考查形容词。空后是名词exhibits，所以空处应填形容词significant。
4．was listed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以list应该作本句谓语，主语是Gaxing Village，两者之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态；根据时间状语A decade ag可知，应用一般过去时；Gaxing Village是单数，故填was listed。
5．applied 考查动词的时态。根据and可知，空处是和invited作本句的并列谓语，所以apply也用一般过去时。
6．t use 考查固定搭配。ask sb.t d sth.是固定搭配，意为“要求某人做某事”。
7．rfs 考查名词复数。空前是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词，rf意为“屋顶”，为可数名词，此处表示复数意义，应用复数形式。
8．restred 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词had，所以restre应该用非谓语形式，逻辑主语是appearance，两者之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词表被动。
9．with 考查固定搭配。in line with是固定搭配，意为“符合……的”。
10．a 考查固定搭配。give a bst t是固定搭配，意为“促进”。
Test 2
(2024·江苏决胜新高考5月联考)Lcated in suth Anhui Prvince, the tw traditinal villages Xidi and Hngcun are architectural 1._________(cmplex), with a high histrical and artistic value. They still retain (保留) the riginal features f Anhui villages between the 14th and 20th centuries.
Xidi village 2._________(cmpse) f mre than 300 civil residences, mst f which were built in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Backed by picturesque hills and twering ancient wds, this village is nted 3._________ the harmny f its architecture and its clrful fields. The residential buildings are mstly black and white. The decratins display a strng flavr f the Ming and Qing dynasties. Ptted plants, fishing pls and flwerbeds give 4._________ whle village a sense f harmny with nature.
Hngcun village features its verall design 5._________ resembles the shape f an x. The ancient Academy f the Suth Lake casts its shadw in the lake and 6._________(create) a quiet scene tgether with ancient trees and graceful buildings arund it.
Xidi and Hngcun experienced 1，000 years f cntinuus 7._________(transfrm) and develpment, all the while authentically 8._________ (preserve) their characters as traditinal Chinese villages. The villages faithfully preserve elements that are typical f traditinal pre-mdern villages. 9._________(additinal), the site preserves reginal art, custms, cuisine and ther frms f cultural and traditinal ways f life. Xidi and Hngcun are, withut dubt, ideal sites fr a cntemprary sciety 10._________(research) traditinal village culture.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了安徽省南部的两个传统村落西递和宏村。
1．cmplexes 考查名词复数。architectural为形容词，空处应用名词，作表语，根据句中are可知，应用复数形式。
2．is cmpsed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，Xidi village和cmpse之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语Xidi village是单数，应填is cmpsed。
3．fr 考查固定搭配。“be nted fr...”是固定搭配，意为“以……闻名”。
4．the 考查冠词。句中whle前应与定冠词the连用，特指“整个西递村”。
5．that/which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为design，指物，且空处在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which。
6．creates 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据and可知，空处和casts作本句的并列谓语，应用第三人称单数形式。
7．transfrmatin 考查名词。cntinuus为形容词，空处应用名词，作宾语，transfrm的名词为transfrmatin，为不可数名词。
8．preserving 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词experienced，空处应用非谓语动词，Xidi and Hngcun和preserve为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词。
9．Additinally 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面整个句子，应用副词，作状语。
10．t research 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处表达“来进行研究”，表目的，所以用不定式。
语法项目(二) 代 词
如何判定填代词
[典例呈现]
(2024·福州第二次质检)I feel 65._________ ur respnsibility t cmmunicate abut the charm f the primitive inscriptin with the yunger generatins and freigners.
[解析] 第一步：确定是否填代词。动词feel后缺少宾语，且空后没给提示词，故需要填代词。
第二步：确定代词的种类和形式。句子真正的宾语是不定式，空处应用it作形式宾语，feel it ur respnsibility t d sth.意为“觉得做某事是我们的责任”。
[答案] it
[技法点拨]
第一步：确定是否填代词
分析句子结构，发现句子缺少形式主语或形式宾语时，应考虑用it。
第二步：判断是否指代上文中提到的人或物
分析句子结构，发现指代上文中所提到的人或物时，应考虑用相应的代词。
考法 代词的基本用法
[试做经典]
1．(2024·淄博一模)It's extremely dry here, with the amunt f annual evapratin (蒸发) being mre than 60 times _________ f the annual rainfall.
that 考查代词。此处意为“年降雨量”，是同类异物特指，空处用代词that替代前面提到的the amunt。
2．(2024·齐鲁名校联盟联考)Even s, _________ was nt until the Republic f China era in the 1910s that there were sme nticeable results in prmting a cmmn unified language in China.
it 考查固定句型。“It was nt ”是强调句型，意为“直到……才……”。
3．(2024·泰安三模)The authrs say, “_________ is time t start understanding and discussing AI's ptential.”
It 考查固定句型。“it is time t d sth.”意为“是做某事的时候了”。
4．(2024·广东2月大联考)Yang Cunxin, wh was brn and raised next t the statin and later wrked there, feels _________ a duty t tell the stry f its cnnectin t China's histry.
it 考查代词。分析句子结构可知，本句的宾语为动词不定式短语，空处应用it作形式宾语。
5．(2024·雅礼中学月考)The Chinese gvernment has increasingly invested in the prtectin f tangible (物质的)and intangible cultural heritage natinwide, by building museums, hsting mre events. Yu name _________．
it 考查代词。“Yu name it.”意为“你想得到的都有，凡是你说得出的(应有尽有)”，是习惯表达。
6．(2024·辽宁教研联盟一模)_________ keeps my brain active t cmmunicate with peple nline.
It 考查代词。分析句子结构可知，动词不定式t cmmunicate with peple nline是真正的主语，空处是形式主语，应用it，首字母应大写。
7．(2024·宁波4月模拟)Once the perfrmance starts, the actr keeps pulling dwn ne mask after _________ in swift mvements t cnvey different emtins.
anther 考查固定搭配。ne after anther是固定搭配，意为“一个又一个、一个接一个”。
8．(2024·重庆八中二模)Studies at Harvard Business Schl shw that thugh sme individuals may be mre creative than _________， almst every individual can be creative in the right circumstances.
thers 考查代词。“”是固定搭配，意为“一些……其他……”，根据句中sme individuals可知，空处应用thers，表示“其他人”。
9．(2024·蚌埠质检)It was ne f the three natinwide celebratins back then. The _________ tw were Lantern Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival.
ther 考查代词。根据空前一句的句意可知，空处所在句表示“另外两个是元宵节和中秋节”，空处意为“其他的”，用ther。
10．Anne, a shrt vide talent frm Omaha, USA, filmed a reactin vide t the artistry and psted _________ nline.
it 考查代词。根据句意可知，空处指代上文的a reactin vide，应用it。
[技法点拨]
1．句意清，指代明
当句中缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填代词。
(1)如果空前出现了可数名词单数或不可数名词，并且空处作主语，可根据指代的情况用he、she或it；
(2)如果空前出现了可数名词单数或不可数名词，并且空处作宾语，可根据指代的情况用him、her或it；
(3)如果空前出现了可数名词复数，并且空处作主语，用they；
(4)如果空前出现了可数名词复数，并且空处作宾语，用them。
2．it的用法
(1)指代天气、时间、距离等；
(2)代替上文提到过的事物；
(3)it可作形式主语或形式宾语；
(4)it常用的固定用法：
①It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/wh＋其他；
②when it cmes t...当谈到……；
③as sb. puts it正如某人所说；
④make it成功；take it easy别紧张；g it加油；get it明白
3．熟记常见代词的区别
(1)二者选其一用either；二者都不选用neither；
(2)若表示“(三者或三者以上中的)另外一个”用anther；若表示“(两者中的)另一个”用the ther，常用结构： ther...；若表示“其余的、另外的”，在名词前用ther；若泛指“其他人”或“其他物”，不跟名词且指代复数，用thers，常用结构：；
(3)若指代上文出现的可数名词单数或不可数名词则用that；若指代可数名词复数用thse；
(4)若指代前面出现过的某类事物中的“一个”用ne；若指代复数形式用nes。
Test 1
(2024·江苏新高考基地学校大联考)Every day, Duan Lianru spends several hurs sitting in her ffice in Hunchun, Jilin Prvince t make a 1._________(cmpare) f hundreds f phts f Siberian tigers n the cmputer.
“It seems a little bring, but 2._________(basic) I enjy the wrk, which makes a cnnectin between me and the big cats，” said the 36-year-ld mnitr frm the search mnitring center f the Nrtheast China Tiger and Lepard Natinal Park. The park 3._________ (stretch) acrss the prvinces f Jilin and Heilngjiang.
Duan is respnsible fr identifying the tigers accrding t patterns n 4._________ (they) fur and giving them smething like 5._________ identity card.
The park, 6._________ size exceeds (超过) 1.4 millin hectares, is the mst imprtant habitat fr wild Siberian tigers and Amur lepards in China.
The Siberian tigers' “ID cards” cme 7._________ a lt f imprtant basic data that aids scientific cnservatin. 8._________(base) n such infrmatin, Duan draws the family trees f the tigers.
Recent years 9._________(see) a remarkable increase in the variety and number f wild animals and mre tiger families have been fund, including sme back tw r three generatins.
“I feel quite hnred t be invlved in such significant wrk，” Duan said. “10._________(create) a mre beautiful wrld, humans and wild animals, I hpe, can live in harmny.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了东北虎豹国家公园搜索监测中心的管理员段连儒的工作及意义。
1．cmparisn 考查名词。此处作宾语且空前有不定冠词a，应用可数名词单数形式。
2．basically 考查副词。此处修饰后面整句话，应用副词形式作状语。
3．stretches 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语The park是第三人称单数，谓语动词也应用单数形式。
4．their 考查代词。此处修饰名词fur，应用形容词性物主代词。
5．an 考查冠词。此处泛指“一张身份证”，应用不定冠词，identity的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。
6．whse 考查定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是park，关系词在从句中作size的定语，应用关系代词whse。
7．with 考查介词。此处指东北虎的“身份证”上有很多重要的基础数据，有助于科学保护。空处应用介词with，意为“带有”。
8．Based 考查非谓语动词。be based n意为“根据、以……为基础”，为固定短语，空处省略be动词，应使用过去分词作状语。
9．has/have seen 考查动词的时态及主谓一致。由句意可知，此处表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，应用现在完成时，主语Recent years被看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；若强调个体时，谓语动词也可以用复数，即助动词可以使用has或have。
10．T create 考查非谓语动词。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。
Test 2
(2024·海南高考全真模拟)By drawing n the surface f a cup f tea, chabaixi, an ancient Chinese tea trick has becme ppular. Hwever, 10 years ag, this typical technique was clse t 1._________(disappear) cmpletely.
“It in fact requires dzens f prcesses, and they are nt easy 2._________(cmplete)，” Zhang Zhifeng, a perfrmer f chabaixi, said.
As a special art frm in China, 3._________ had nce been as nrmal as drawing and playing instruments, chabaixi can create endless 4._________(pattern) such as bambs and muntains r even calligraphy such as autgraphs and shrt prverbs.
“It is 5._________(ttal) different frm making latte (拿铁) because we use clear water as the bject t inject int the cup instead f milk. But when the water 6._________(tuch) the surface f stirred tea, it turns int a white clr and disappears in 20 minutes，” Zhang explained.
This technique 7._________(list) as part f China's Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2017, after it was recvered by Zhang. “This technique is the key 8._________ tea culture
frm the Sng Dynasty, and it wuld be such 9._________ shame t let it fade. 10._________ is als necessary that this technique must be passed n t the next generatins s they can have a better understanding f the histry behind it，” Zhang added.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种古老的中国茶艺——茶百戏。
1．disappearing 考查非谓语动词。根据句意以及空前的介词t并分析句子可知，空处应该填disappearing作介词t的宾语。
2．t cmplete 考查固定句型。主语＋be＋adj.＋t d为固定句型，其中不定式用主动形式。
3．which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词a special art frm为物，且空处在定语从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which。
4．patterns 考查名词复数。根据所给可数名词pattern以及空前的endless可知，空处应填pattern的复数形式。
5．ttally 考查副词。空处修饰形容词different，应用副词形式，作状语。
6．tuches 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。后面主句的时态是一般现在时，时间状语从句的时态也应该是一般现在时；主语water为不可数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
7．was listed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处是该句子的谓语部分，根据时间状语in 2017可知，应用一般过去时；句子的主语This technique和动词list之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态；主语This technique为单数，谓语动词应用单数形式。
8．t 考查介词。the key t...意为“……的关键”。根据句意和空前的名词key可知，空处应填介词t和名词key搭配。
9．a 考查冠词。此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，shame的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。
10．It 考查固定句型。空处应填It作形式主语，构成固定句型：It＋be＋adj.＋that从句，真正的主语是后面的that从句。
语法项目(三) 介词(短语)、数词
高考对介词的考查主要集中在介词的基本用法及含介词的固定搭配的用法上。语法填空题对介词的考查形式为纯空格，即没有提示词，这对考生正确理解句意和对知识的掌握提出了较高的要求。因此，考生应在掌握介词基本用法的同时，注意总结和积累其与名词、形容词、动词等搭配构成的短语并熟记其意义和用法。近几年，高考对数词鲜有考查。
如何判定填介词
[典例呈现]
(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The Glasshuse stands 63._________ a great achievement in cntemprary design, t huse the plants f the suthwestern part f China at the end f a path retracing (追溯) the steps alng the Silk Rute that/which brught the plants frm their native habitat in Asia t cme t define much f the richness f gardening in England.
[解析] 第一步：确定是否填介词。分析句子结构，发现空后的名词achievement在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语，其前应填介词。
第二步：根据句意及固定搭配确定答案。分析句子结构，发现空处在不及物动词stand后名词achievement前，应考虑动词与介词的搭配；再根据句意“该玻璃温室作为当代设计的伟大成就而存在”可知，此处为stand as，意为“作为……存在”。
[答案] as
[技法点拨]
第一步：确定是否填介词
分析句子结构，发现名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一般填介词。
第二步：根据句意及固定搭配确定答案
1．分析句子结构，发现空格在名词前后时，应考虑名词与介词的搭配；
2．分析句子结构，发现空格在不及物动词后名词前时，应考虑动词与介词的搭配；
3．分析句子结构，发现空格在形容词后名词前时，应考虑形容词与介词的搭配。
考法1 介词(短语)的基本用法
[试做经典]
1．(2023·全国甲卷)She warns f the envirnmental dangers facing sciety, and she teaches that peple must take respnsibility _________ saving their envirnment.
fr 考查介词。take respnsibility fr是固定搭配，意为“对……负责”。
2．(2023·浙江卷1月)Thanks t Beijing's lng histry _________ the capital f China, almst every hutng has its stries, and sme are even assciated with histric events.
as 考查介词。根据句意可知，as是介词，意为“作为”，符合句意。
3．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Sme f the things that Tang was writing abut were als Shakespeare's cncerns. I happen t knw that Tang's play The Peny Pavilin(《牡丹亭》) is similar in sme ways _________ Rme and Juliet.
t 考查介词。分析句子结构可知，空处在形容词similar后名词Rme and Juliet前，应考虑形容词与介词的搭配；再根据句意“《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似”可知，此处为be similar t，意为“与……相似”。
4．(2024·全国甲卷)This area, with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved _________ all peple f the natin t enjy—as a natinal park.
fr 考查介词。分析句子结构可知，空处在不及物动词preserve后名词peple前，应考虑动词与介词的搭配；再根据句意“要妥善保护这个地区，以供全国人民欣赏”可知，此处表示“为了”。
5．(2024·济南一模)An ancient stne gate first greets yur eyes _________the entrance t the village.
at 考查介词。在某个“小地点”时，可使用介词at。at the entrance意为“在入口处”。
6．(2024·潍坊一模)She greets her fans _________a sweet, gentle vice just like any ther livestreamer.
in 考查介词。此处表达“用甜美温柔的声音”，应用介词in表示“用……”之意。
7．(2024·泰州中学一模)_________feeling happy, which is a temprary state, leading a happier life is abut individual grwth by finding meaning thrugh the whle life.
Unlike 考查介词。此处表示“暂时的幸福”和“更幸福的生活”的比较，这两种幸福是不同的，需用介词unlike，位于句首首字母大写。
8．(2024·苏北七市二模)In ancient times, the drums were played _________New Year's Eve at the imperial palace t bring peace.
n 考查介词。New Year's Eve是“除夕”，在具体的某一天前用介词n。
9．(2024·盐城第三次模拟)A research center has als been established, _________experts frm hme and verseas jintly prviding suggestins fr their prtectin.
with 考查介词。“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”为固定结构，空处应用介词with。
10．(2024·江门一模)The Yutu-2 is named _________ the pet rabbit f the Chinese mn gddess Chang'e.
after 考查介词。be named after是固定搭配，意为“以……命名”。
11．(2024·茂名二模)Jhannes Vermeer is famus arund the wrld _________his paintings f calm scenes in dmestic settings, accrding t the museum.
fr 考查介词。表示“以……闻名”用短语be famus fr。
12．(2024·衡阳二模)Livestck stay n the grund flr, while peple always live _________it.
abve/ver 考查介词。根据上文的“Livestck stay n the grund flr”以及表示“对比”的连词while可知，此处应表示“在……上方”，用介词abve或ver。
13．(2024·湖北七市3月联考)Over a decade ag, McKenzie said researchers discvered a link _________exercise and fcus in children.
between 考查介词。“”是固定搭配，意为“在……和……之间”。
14．(2024·福建高三4月联考)_________the same time, they shall assume respnsibility and fight as best as they can. Since ancient times, Wing Chun has been a technique fr gentlemen.
At 考查介词。at the same time是固定短语，意为“同时”，句首字母需大写。
[技法点拨]
1．辨逻辑，联想恰当介词
(1)表示时间的in、n和at
①in表示在某段较长的时间内(如世纪、朝代、年、月、季节等)或泛指上午、下午、晚上等；
②n表示在具体的日子或具体的某一天的上午、下午、晚上等；
③at表示某个时间点、时刻等。
(2)表示交通方式的by和n/in
①by后可直接跟涉及和不涉及交通工具的名词，名词前不加冠词；
②n/in后跟交通工具时，名词前应有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等修饰语。
(3)表示“用……”的by、in和with
①by＋交通工具/通信工具，也可表方式，如：by car/train/air/sea/letter/email/phne/hand；
②in多用于表示语言、材料的名词前；
③with多用于表示工具或身体器官的名词前。
(4)fr：①(表示去向)往、向，如：leave fr(动身去……)；②为得到、为获取；③表示一段时间，如：fr tw years (两年)；④因为、由于；⑤就……而言。
(5)beynd：①在……另一边；②在……更远处；③超出、非……所能及。
(6)as用作介词，意为“作为”，常用于一些动词之后，如：wrk as(从事……工作)、serve as(可用作……)、 act as(担任、充当……)。
(7)despite/in spite f意为“尽管”。
2．依据句式和搭配填介词
(1)与动词搭配，如： (把……误认为……)、(致力于……)。
(2)与名词或代词搭配，如：(a) lack f (缺乏……)、n ne's wn/by neself(靠自己)。
(3)与形容词搭配，如：be absent frm (缺席)、be curius abut (对……感到好奇)。
(4)其他搭配，如：(从……到……)、(在……和……之间)。
(5)介词短语，如：by accident (偶然)、in truble (处于困境中)、in turn(依次，转而)。
考法2 数词的基本用法
[试做经典]
1．(2023·全国甲卷)Fables were part f the ral traditin f many early cultures, and the well-knwn Aesp's fables date t the _________(six) century B．C．
sixth 考查数词。空前有定冠词the，空后是名词century，所以空处填序数词sixth。
2．(2024·龙岩3月质检)Li Xingchang, 68, is the _________(eight) inheritr in his family.
eighth 考查数词。空前有定冠词the，空后是名词inheritr，所以空处填序数词eighth。
3．(2024·重庆南开中学质检)A recent reprt shwed that in the whle cuntry, the barbecue is _________(tw) nly t ht pt amng late-night dining ptins.
secnd 考查数词。根据后面的nly t可知，此处表示“第二大夜宵选择”，所以用序数词。
4．There I met a gentleman by the name f Kurien in his late _________(eighty).
eighties 考查数词。in ne's late eighties意为“在某人快九十岁时”。
5．Back in the _________(ninety), he wuld remain at the z fr almst three mnths t
stay with the pandas during the breeding seasn.
nineties 考查数词。根据句意可知，此处表示“在九十年代”，空处应用nineties。
6．It is reprted that the flds have left _________(thusand) f peple hmeless.
thusands 考查数词。thusands f意为“数以千计的”。
[技法点拨]
1．基数词变序数词规律
(1)一般由基数词加th构成，如：sixth、seventh、tenth、eleventh、hundredth；
(2)以y结尾的基数词，先把y变为ie，再加th，如：twentieth、thirtieth；
(3)不规则变形，如：first、secnd、third、fifth、eighth、ninth、twelfth等。
2．年龄、年代表达法
(1)表达“在某人几十多岁”时，用“in ne's＋整十基数词的复数”，如：in ne's fifties(在某人五十多岁时)；
(2)表达“在几十年代”时，用“in the＋整十基数词的复数”， 如：in the thirties(在三十年代)。
Test 1
(2024·东莞二模)When Lin Zhanxi first intrduced mushrm cultivatin(培育) t the Gbi Desert residents f Ningxia, he didn't expect such a phenmenal success. 1._________inventr f junca, a methd that uses grass cuttings as substrate (培养基) fr grwing eatable and medicinal mushrms, has lng been cmmitted 2._________expanding the methd in pverty relief.
In the 1980s, as a prfessr at Fujian Agriculture and Frestry University, Lin experimented with grass instead f lgs t grw mushrms because lgs weren't 3._________(ready) available fr many rural husehlds while grass, 4._________leaves and rts can be used fr eclgical management, is an essential multi-functinal agricultural resurce. In 1986, Lin made it, and sn his methd 5._________(adpt) by 51 cunties in Fujian.
When junca was made a key prject in the pairing-ff cperatin between Fujian and Ningxia in 1997, Lin advcated 6._________(take) advantage f abandned cave dwellings (窑洞) fr grwing mushrms in Ningxia. The prject dubled the farmers' yearly incme that year.
The success made junca7._________(prmte) in 506 China's cunties and it was then intrduced t 106 develping cuntries. This wrld-famus innvatin 8._________(bring) welfare t millins f peple s far. What tuched Lin mst during his jurney t ther cuntries t help develp junca technlgy was that a freign minister even named his daughter after junca in hnr f China's 9._________ (assist).
“I feel I have a new missin 10._________(shulder), even after China wins its battle t reduce pverty. I can still fresee the imprtance f junca in helping farmers better their situatin and imprving the eclgy and the envirnment arund us，” he said.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了菌草的发明者林占熺长期以来一直致力于在扶贫中推广菌草，对扶贫做出了巨大贡献的故事。
1．The 考查冠词。此处为特指一种以草屑为基质种植食用蘑菇和药用蘑菇的方法，所以用定冠词。
2．t 考查介词。be cmmitted t为固定搭配，意为“致力于”。
3．readily 考查副词。修饰形容词应用副词。
4．whse 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是grass，空处在定语从句中作定语，所以应用whse。
5．was adpted 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，与主语methd之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；因句子表达的是发生在过去的动作，应用一般过去时；主语methd为单数，故填was adpted。
6．taking 考查固定搭配。advcate ding sth.为固定搭配，意为“主张做某事”。
7．prmted 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作宾语补足语，应用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语junca之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词。
8．has brught 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语s far可知，应使用现在完成时；主语This wrld-famus innvatin为单数，助动词用has。
9．assistance 考查名词。空处在句中作宾语，应用名词。
10．t shulder 考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作后置定语，表示一个尚未发生的不确定的动作，应用动词不定式。
Test 2
(2024·湖北4月调研)China will build the wrld's largest natinal park system, and a layut plan will be released sn.The plan is being drafted 1._________(meet) the requirements f building a system with the largest scale f prtectin, the mst diverse gegraphical features and the highest cnservatin value in the wrld. Under the plan, which 2._________(launch) by the administratin in 2019, abut 50 areas have been selected as candidates fr natinal parks. The parks are expected t cver 10 percent f the 3._________(cuntry) land area and preserve mre than 80 percent f the key natinal 4._________(prtect) wild plant and animal species. In Octber, China annunced its first grup f five natinal parks, cvering 5._________ttal land area f mre than 230，000 square kilmeters. Since their establishment, the parks 6._________(make) achievements in envirnmental and species prtectin. “At the same time, a new grup f natinal parks are being established 7._________an rderly manner and will be put int use as sn as pssible，” emphasized Li, the Natinal Frestry and Grassland Administratin fficial. Li als said at the news cnference n Mnday 8._________China's planted frest cnservatin area has reached 87.6 millin hectares, 9._________(rank) N.1 in the wrld. China is als ne f the 12 cuntries with the 10._________(rich) bidiversity in the wrld, he added.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。中国将建设世界上最大的国家公园体系，不久将发布布局规划。该规划正在起草中，以满足建设世界上保护规模最大、地理特征最多样、保护价值最高的体系的要求。
1．t meet 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处表目的，应用不定式作目的状语。
2．was launched 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语；根据时间状语 in 2019可知，应用一般过去时；先行词the plan与launch之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；the plan为单数，故填was launched。
3．cuntry's 考查名词所有格。此处作定语，应用名词所有格形式。
4．prtected 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词作定语。wild plant and animal species与prtect之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词。
5．a 考查冠词。“cver a(n) f”是固定搭配，意为“占地……；覆盖多大面积”，ttal的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。
6．have made 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语；根据时间状语Since their establishment可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语the parks是复数，助动词用have。
7．in 考查介词。in an rderly manner是固定搭配，意为“有条不紊地”。
8．that 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，该宾语从句成分齐全，句意完整，应用that引导。
9．ranking 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处表示一种自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。
10．richest 考查形容词的最高级。根据句中in the wrld可知，此处应用形容词的最高级。
语法项目(四) 连 词
对连词的考查主要涉及并列连词和三大从句，是高考语法填空的重点和难点，也是学生的易错点。分析句子成分，牢记从句规则用法是解题的关键。
如何判定填连词
[典例呈现]
(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Recalling watching a Chinese pera versin f Shakespeare's play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actrs wh came t Stratfrd a few years ag t perfrm parts f The Peny Pavilin, Edmndsn said, “It was very exciting t hear the Chinese language 65._________see hw Tang's play was being perfrmed.”
[解析] 第一步：判断是否填连词。分析句子结构可知，短语hear the Chinese language和see hw Tang's play was being perfrmed之间存在逻辑关系。
第二步：确定具体的连词。分析句子结构可知，短语hear the Chinese language和see hw Tang's play was being perfrmed之间是并列关系，应填and。
[答案] and
[技法点拨]
第一步：确定并列连词
如果两个单词、短语、分句之间存在并列、转折、选择、因果关系时，填并列连词。
第二步：确定引导词
如果空处引导从句，则首先要看它所引导的是哪一种从句，然后根据引导词的种类和功能来确定填哪一个引导词。
考法1 并列连词
[试做经典]
1．(2023·全国乙卷)It is a distinct visual cntrast (反差) that shuldn't wrk, _________smehw these tw very different wrlds make a gd cmbinatin.
but/yet 考查连词。根据句意可知，前后分句间是转折关系，应用but或yet。
2．(2023·浙江卷1月)During China's dynastic perid, emperrs planned the city f Beijing _________arranged the residential areas accrding t scial classes.
and 考查连词。分析句子结构可知，planned和arranged是并列的谓语动词，表示并列关系，应用连词and连接。
3．(2024·浙江卷1月)The shelves in mst supermarkets are full f family-size this and multi-buy that. Hwever, if yu're shpping fr ne, buying extra t benefit frm price reductins desn't make sense. Either yur shpping is then t heavy t carry hme _________yu can't use what yu've bught while it's still fresh.
r 考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空前后两个分句之间是选择关系。意为“要么……要么……”，为固定用法。
4．(2024·扬州考前调研)She ntes that it's suitable fr bth persnal and grup cnsumptin, and can be drunk quickly _________enjyed fr a whle afternn.
r 考查连词。根据句意可知，前后句之间为选择关系，应用连词r。
5．Weak and dizzy, I was abut t fall t the grund _________smene tk hld f me.
when 考查连词。“be abut t ”为固定句型，意为“正要做……这时……”。
6．Still, eat well and enjy yurself every day in life, _________yu will get a wrthwhile reward.
and 考查连词。此处为固定句型“祈使句＋and/r＋陈述句”，结合句意可知，应用连词and。
7．Hardly had we arrived at the farm _________we saw many ranges hanging frm the branches.
when 考查连词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处为固定句型“”，意为“一……就……”。
[技法点拨]
1．关系分析法
分析空格前后单词、短语或分句之间的关系，确定用哪个连词。
(1)表示并列或递进关系的连词有and、、、 nt (als)...等；
(2)表示选择关系的连词有r、等；
(3)表示转折或对比关系的连词有but、 while、 等；
(4)表示因果关系的连词有s、 fr等。
2．句型法
(1)祈使句＋and/r＋陈述句
(2)be 正在做……，这时……
be abut t 正要做……，这时……
had just 刚做完……，这时……
一……就……
考法2 定语从句
[试做经典]
1．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Chinese cultural elements cmmemrating(纪念)Tang Xianzu, _________is knwn as “the Shakespeare f Asia”， add an internatinal character t Stratfrd-upn-Avn, William Shakespeare's hmetwn.
wh 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指人，先行词是Tang Xianzu，故应用wh引导。
2．(2024·全国甲卷)Yellwstne was the largest United States natinal park—2.2 millin acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in suthern Alaska, _________became a natinal mnument in 1978, tk the hnrs as a natinal park in 1980 with 12.3 millin acres.
which 考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词是Wrangell-Saint Elias，应用which。
3．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The Glasshuse stands as a great achievement in cntemprary design, t huse the plants f the suthwestern part f China at the end f a path retracing (追溯) the steps alng the Silk Rute _________brught the plants frm their native habitat in Asia t cme t define much f the richness f gardening in England.
that/which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为表示物的名词短语the Silk Rute，关系词在从句中作主语，应用that/which。
4．(2024·淄博一模)The Crescent Spring, _________terrain and landscape are really distinctive, has becme a rmantic scenic spt.
whse 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为The Crescent Spring，空处在从句中作定语，修饰名词terrain and landscape，应用关系代词whse。
5．(2024·枣庄一模)He has wrked in many cmpanies in China and als married a girl in Beijing, _________has allwed him t knw China better.
which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代前面的句子，在从句中作主语，应用which。
6．(2024·山东省实验中学一模)There are many different types f quyi-perfrmance in China, such as pingshu and shuanghuang, amng _________the crsstalk is mst ppular.
which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词types，作介词的宾语，指物，应用which。
7．(2024·滨州二模)The barbecue craze in Zib began n March 8, 2023, _________a grup f cllege students rde a high-speed train t the city t eat skewers.
when 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词March 8，2023，且从句缺少时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。
8．(2024·漳州第三次质检)During the activity, yu are encuraged t intrduce yur favrite English literature t us and state the reasn _________yu like it.
why 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，从句中不缺少主干成分，且先行词是reasn，应用why。
9．(2024·厦门第二次质检)The pstal service hall is n lnger a traditinal ne, prviding a new scene _________ citizens can scialize and experience pstal culture.
where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词scene，在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。
10．There was nce a twn in the heart f America _________ all life seemed t enjy peaceful c-existence with its surrundings.
where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是表示地点的名词twn，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用where。
[技法点拨]
第一步：确定是定语从句
分析句子结构，空处无提示词，空后的句子不完整，且对空前的某一名词、代词或整个主句起限定作用，就要考虑填定语从句关系词。
第二步：分清限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
在先行词的后面出现逗号的往往是非限制性定语从句。
1．that、 why不能引导非限制性定语从句；
2．which引导非限制性定语从句，可以代表主句的全部或部分内容，可在从句中充当实义动词的主语；
3．as引导非限制性定语从句，可置于句首、句中或句末，意为“正如”。
第三步：寻找先行词，判断属性(指人还是指物，表示时间、地点还是原因)
1．先行词指人用that、wh、whm、whse；
2．先行词指物用that、which、whse；
3．表示时间、地点、原因用when、where、why。
第四步：判断从句中所缺成分，确定关系词
1．缺少主语用that、which、wh；
2．缺少动词的宾语用that、which、wh、whm；
3．缺少介词的宾语用whm、which；
4．缺少定语用whse；
5．缺少时间、地点或原因状语用when、where、why。
考法3 名词性从句
[试做经典]
1．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ) They als need t be ready t give interviews in English with internatinal jurnalists.This is _________they need an English trainer.
why 考查表语从句。根据句意可知，此处考查固定句型“This is why...”，意为“这就是……的原因。”
2．(2024·全国甲卷)On a cl, starry night in mid-September 1870, fur men relaxed befre a campfire alng the Firehle River in _________is nw nrthwestern Wyming. They were part f a 15-member explring party that had spent almst five awesme weeks in witness f the natural beauties there.
what 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在宾语从句中作主语，应用what。
3．(2024·海南高三学业水平诊断)There is n dubt _________China's AI industry will have an infinitely bright future.
that 考查同位语从句。“there is n dubt that...”为固定句型，意为“毫无疑问……”，其中that引导同位语从句，起解释说明的作用。
4．(2024·浙江金丽衢十二校联考)_________are knwn as imprtant aspects f the traditinal Chinese calendar, such as hlidays, seasnal divisins, and the 24 slar terms, came frm these astrnmical bservatins.
What 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“……的(东西等)”，应用what，句首单词首字母需大写。
5．(2024·辽宁名校联盟3月适应性考试)It's reprted _________many scenes were sht n the grunds f distinguished Chinese scientific institutes.
that 考查主语从句。“It's reprted that...”为固定句型，意为“据报道……”，该句型中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句。
6．(2024·潍坊二模)It suggests simply eating smaller meals, less frequently, is _________ultimately leads t weight lss.
what 考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，suggests后为省略了that的宾语从句，从句中缺少表语，空处需引导名词性从句作is的表语，表语从句中缺少主语，指物，应用连接代词what。
7．(2024·广东名校5月模拟)We are s casual and careless abut _________we use things arund us t make us fun, but it is imprtant fr ur happiness and health.
hw 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，应用连接副词hw引导。
8．(2024·蚌埠第四次质检)Hwever, the timing f the festival varies between regins, because f the difference in _________flwering begins.
when 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，根据句意可知，空处意为“什么时候”，应用when。
9．(2024·海南高三一模)It's just because that persn isn't great at _________is knwn in psychlgy as perspective taking (换位思考).
what 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“……的(东西等)”，应用what。
10．(2024·大连二模)She has been wrking hard at her art since the age f tw; that was _________Wang Shi Chiang first became aware f his daughter's interest in painting.
when 考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少时间状语，应用when。
[技法点拨]
1．两个技巧搞定名词性从句
(1)分析句子成分
①从句中不缺任何成分且句子意义完整，应考虑that引导同位语从句、表语从句或宾语从句，此时that没有词义，也不作任何成分；
②从句中不缺任何成分，但句意中缺少“是否”的意思时，则应考虑whether引导各种名词性从句；if引导及物动词后的宾语从句；
③从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语，考虑用连接代词what、wh、whm、which、whatever等；
④从句中缺少状语，考虑用连接副词where、when、hw、why等。
(2)结合句意和引导词的本义解题
有些引导词在句中有很鲜明的意义，如whether/if (是否)、whever (任何人)、whatever (任何事)、because (因为)、why (为什么)等。结合句意和语境，不难解决这类试题。
2．掌握常见的it句型
(1)It be＋形容词＋主语从句；
(2)It be＋过去分词＋that从句；
(3)It be＋名词词组(a pity、a surprise、a gd news)＋that从句。
3．牢记that和what的区别
(1)that没有词义，且在从句中不作任何成分；
(2)what在从句中表示“……的(东西等)”(有时可以不译)，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。
考法4 状语从句
[试做经典]
1．(2024·潍坊一模)Hwever, she had just made majr prgress in livestreaming _________her cnditin wrsened t the edge f death.
when 考查状语从句。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导状语从句，表示“当……时”，应用when引导。
2．(2024·江苏前黄中学一模)There is s much t take in _________disciples (学徒) usually start their career as yung children，spending years cnditining their bdies and minds fr the stage.
that 考查状语从句。此处为“”句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。
3．(2024·安徽皖江联盟最后一卷)_________histric and natural wnders are still the pririties, Chinese turists nw prefer a mre rural experience.
Thugh/Althugh/While 考查状语从句。根据句中的“Chinese turists nw prefer a mre rural experience”可知，逗号前的内容为让步状语从句，空处表示“尽管”，应填Thugh或Althugh或While。
4．(2024·重庆高考模拟调研)Kam Waihi shaved her hair n May 12 in recgnitin f her friend Kathi Tait, wh has been dealing with alpecia areata (斑秃)_________she was nine years ld.
since 考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，“she was nine years ld”是时间状语从句，结合其前的现在完成进行时“has been dealing with”可知，此处应用since引导时间状语从句，表示动作的起点。
5．(2024·葫芦岛二模)Emperr Liu Che wuld establish a cuju field _________his army went.
wherever 考查状语从句。根据句意可知，空处应用wherever，意为“无论去哪里”，引导地点状语从句。
6．(2024·青岛二模)Yu can't be t careful t cntrl the knife, _________nce there is a wrng cut, yu need t start all ver again.
because 考查状语从句。根据句意可知，空后句子为空前内容的原因，应填because引导原因状语从句。
[技法点拨]
1．句意法
(1)while、 when、 as、 since、 befre、 after等引导时间状语从句；
(2)because、 since、 as、 nw that等引导原因状语从句；
(3)if、 unless、 nce等引导条件状语从句；
(4)thugh、 althugh、 while等引导让步状语从句；
(5)in case等引导目的或条件状语从句；
(6)where、 when引导地点、时间状语从句；
(7)whatever、 whenever、 hwever、 whichever、 wherever 等引导让步状语从句。
2．固定句式法
(1)如此……以至于……
(2)直到……才……
(3)It will/wn't be＋一段时间＋befre...
过了多长时间才/没过多长时间就……
(4)It is＋一段时间＋since...自从……以来已经多长时间了。
(5) (nt)...无论……还是……
Test 1
(2024·曲靖二模)Gathering mre than 200 f China's cultural relic experts tgether, a cntest fcusing n antique restratin 1._________ (take) place in Taiyuan, Nrth China's Shanxi Prvince n Mar. 26, 2023. 2._________(arrange) by the Natinal Cultural Heritage Administratin, a large number f 3._________(participant) shwed their skills by wrking n authentic histrical relics.
Ta Zhngjun, 4._________Chinese histrian, said, “Real relics fr repairers are what a gd canvas (画布) is t a painter.” The cultural relic repairers 5._________(chse) frm six categries t reveal the cuntry's strictly designed relics cnservatin schemes (规划).
Li Qun, a vice minister f culture and turism, said that the cmpetitin aims t select and train sme6._________(high) skilled relic experts s as t establish a talent trp that pssess up-t-date restratin skills.
Searching fr talents frm 27 prvinces arund the cuntry, the cmpetitin is the largest event fr 7._________(select) future talents ever held in China's cultural relic industry. Yu Jiadng, 8._________is a vice minister f human resurces and scial security, said that China is striving t build a 9._________(prfessin) cmpetitin system with Chinese characteristics and that this cmpetitin is 10._________great imprtance t this field.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一个聚集了200多名中国文物专家的古董修复比赛，旨在选拔和培训一些技能更高的文物专家，以建立一个具有最新修复技能的人才队伍。
1．tk 考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空处为谓语动词。根据时间状语n Mar.26, 2023可知，应使用一般过去时。
2．Arranged 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词。arrange与主句主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应使用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母需大写。
3．participants 考查名词复数。根据a large number f可知，此处应用名词复数形式。
4．a 考查冠词。此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且Chinese的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。
5．were chsen 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处为谓语动词。照应上文谓语动词said，空处也应为一般过去时；主语repairers和chse之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语为复数，故填were chsen。
6．highly 考查副词。此处修饰形容词skilled，应使用副词。
7．selecting 考查非谓语动词。介词fr后应用动名词作宾语。
8．wh 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词Yu Jiadng，指人，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词wh引导。
9．prfessinal 考查形容词。此处修饰名词短语cmpetitin system，应使用形容词。
10．f 考查固定搭配。be f great imprtance是固定搭配，意为“具有重要性”。
Test 2
(2024·泰安二模)Thanks t abundant rainfall and the patient effrt f the lcal gvernment, Jinan, 1._________prvincial capital f Shandng that 2._________(title) as the “city f springs”， has seen a year f remarkable achievement.
The Batu Spring, a famus scenic spt in the city's Lixia district, saw its water table beynd 30 meters n Oct.11 t reach the 3._________(high) level fr that time f year since it started gushing (喷涌) again in 2003.Since early this year, the spring's water table 4._________(be) n the rise, the water affairs bureau says. There are 1，209 artesian (自然流淌的) springs in Jinan, accrding t a list 5._________(publish) in September, 2022.
The suthern hilly area, 6._________als cllects and generates the spring water, is higher than the river plain t the nrth. The grundwater flws dwnward and gushes ut at the ft f the hills. In sme springs, bubbles are seen rising frm the bedrck. The water is s clear in every spring that 7._________(turist) can see the bttm f the springs. The Black Tiger Spring riginates 8._________ a 3-meter-deep, 1.7-meter-wide 9._________(nature) cave. Its name cmes frm the raring sund it makes 10._________water gushes ut f tiger head-shaped stnes.
The springs in Jinan are a way f life.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了山东省会济南的几处著名的泉水。
1．the 考查冠词。capital意为“省会”，是名词，前面应加the，表示特指。
2．is titled 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。关系代词that引导定语从句，修饰先行词Jinan，空处是从句谓语，和that指代的先行词Jinan之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态；描述客观事实，用一般现在时；Jinan为单数，故填is titled。
3．highest 考查形容词的最高级。根据定冠词the和句意可知，此处表示“最高水位”，用形容词最高级形式。
4．has been 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Since early this year可知，用现在完成时；主语the spring's water table是第三人称单数，助动词用has。
5．published 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，所以此处用非谓语动词形式。名词a list和publish之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。
6．which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为The suthern hilly area，指物，且空处在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。
7．turists 考查名词复数。turist意为“游客”，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，所以用复数形式。
8．frm 考查介词。riginate frm为固定搭配，意为“起源于”。
9．natural 考查形容词。修饰名词cave，应用形容词形式。
10．when 考查状语从句。根据句意可知，此处表示“当……时候”，应用连词when，引导时间状语从句。
专题强化练(二十)
Test 1
(2024·德州二模)During the hlidays, many yung Chinese invite their friends t visit museums and appreciate traditinal culture. Sme even set up chat grups t share ppular exhibitin infrmatin and visit 1._________(exhibitin) tgether.
With 2._________number f yung attendees rising, the museums have been launching 3._________(creatin) prducts and services.
Every mrning, Nanjing Museum 4._________(crwd) with yung turists. They carefully select pstcards and line up in a lng queue, 5._________(wait) t have them stamped with images f cultural relics 6._________(cllect) at the museum.
Many museums acrss the cuntry have als launched cultural prducts such as mystery bxes with an archaelgy theme. Sme bxes cntain a sil sample 7._________a cultural relic inside, and cllectrs can 8._________(enthusiastic) dig thrugh it with small tls. Many traditinal museums als use digital cllectibles(数码藏品)t attract mre yung peple, 9._________are made thrugh riginal designs and sld t cnsumers nline.
Fr museum cultural relics and exhibitins f museums, digital cllectibles nt nly attract the attentin f many yuths, but als encurage them t apprach cultural relics, understand histry and prmte the interest in 10._________(they) heart in traditinal Chinese culture.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了全国各地的博物馆如何吸引年轻人来参观。
1．exhibitins 考查名词复数。空前是动词visit，所以空处应填名词作宾语，exhibitin意为“展览品”，为可数名词，根据句意，应用复数形式，表示泛指。
2．the 考查冠词。the number f为固定搭配，意为“……的数量”。
3．creative 考查形容词。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，creatin的形容词形式是creative，表示“有创意的”。
4．is crwded 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，crwd和主语Nanjing Museum之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；根据时间状语Every mrning可知，应用一般现在时，且主语是单数，故填is crwded。
5．waiting 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词，所以空处应该用非谓语形式，wait和逻辑主语They之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作伴随状语。
6．cllected 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词，所以空处应用非谓语形式，作定语，修饰名词relics，两者之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词形式表被动。
7．with 考查介词。根据句意可知，此处表示“有文物在里面”，应用介词with。
8．enthusiastically 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的动词，应用副词。
9．which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是digital cllectibles，指物，空处在从句中作主语，应用which引导。
10．their 考查代词。空后是名词，所以空处应作定语，故填形容词性物主代词。
Test 2
(2024·盐城第二次模拟)Seeing these “gardens” is like lking at a universe in a plant pt.The miniature (微型的) branches spread and twist, 1._________(demnstrate) the beauty f nature, s as t allw viewers t stp and reflect n the circle f life.The ptted landscape f penjing 2._________(be) a representative f tp-ranking garden art ever since its existence.
3．_________(expected), the Suzhu-style penjing cultivatin technique was listed as a natinal-level intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2011. 4._________penjing, Suzhu gardens wuldn't be as charming as they are tday.Once the cnstructin f a garden is cmpleted, its buildings are set, but planting can grw and change, which makes gardens 5._________(live).
The histry f penjing 6._________(date) back t the Tang Dynasty when the great pet Bai Juyi used sme stnes 7._________(create) miniature landscapes in pts.And the Ming Dynasty marked a bm in the ecnmy f Suzhu, the very perid 8._________turned the city int a majr cultural center.Because f that lng histry, Suzhu-style penjing is ften seen as 9._________fundamental schl f Chinese planting art.
Penjing wrks are beautiful, but peple think that they were wned by the rich.Hwever, nly when they are enjyed by general 10._________ (cnsume) can they benefit frm being part f peple's wider mdern artistic taste.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了盆景及其发展历史。
1．demnstrating 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，demnstrate与前半句构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。
2．has been 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据下文ever since its existence可知，空处应用现在完成时；主语The ptted landscape f penjing为单数，助动词用has。
3．Expectedly 考查副词。修饰整个句子应用副词expectedly，作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。
4．Withut 考查介词。此处后跟名词作宾语，表示“没有”，应用介词withut，句首单词首字母要大写。
5．lively/alive 考查形容词。此处作宾语补足语，表示“有活力的”，应用形容词lively或alive。
6．dates 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。描述客观事实用一般现在时；主语The histry f penjing为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
7．t create 考查非谓语动词。use sth.t d sth.为固定搭配，意为“用某物做某事”。
8．that 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词perid，从句缺少主语，先行词由the very修饰，只能用that引导。
9．a 考查冠词。schl为可数名词，此处为泛指且fundamental的发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。
10．cnsumers 考查名词复数。形容词general后应用名词，表示“消费者”应用名词cnsumer，空前没有冠词修饰，故用复数形式。
Test 3
(2024·汕头龙湖区三模)
The Artists f Dafen Can Paint Like Van Ggh
The village f Dafen was nce thught 1._________(prduce) the mst il paintings in the wrld every year. 2._________(recgnize) as the “wrld's art factry”， Dafen impressed visitrs with its many wrkshps, in which painters created mck masterpieces by Van Ggh, Mnet and Warhl.But the village was always seen mre as a prductin line 3._________a place f culture.Tday the future f Dafen may depend n 4._________it is able t earn respect f the art wrld.
Things started t change fr Dafen in 2008, 5._________the glbal financial crisis cut dwn verseas rders.With mre demand 6._________(cme) frm dmestic market, artists began painting different subjects. “New custmers preferred Chinese styles，” says 7._________painter in Dafen. He learnt the art f Shan Shui which invlves representing natural landscapes. In sme ways Dafen reflected the brader ecnmy. As exprts start t decline as a share f GDP, dmestic 8._________(cnsume) plays a larger rle in driving grwth.
China is the wrld's secnd-largest art market.But it is nt clear where Dafen fits in. Li Jinghu, an artist frm nearby Dngguan, ften visits the village 9._________(hpe) t discver new talent. But lcals say the demand fr their paintings 10._________(decline) in the past tw years. “Mst peple wuld prbably be surprised that Dafen still exists. It des and it will，” says Lisa Mvius, a writer in Shanghai wh cvers art.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“世界艺术工厂”大芬村的相关信息。
1．t prduce 考查固定搭配。be thught t d sth.是固定搭配，意为“被认为做某事”。
2．Recgnized 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，主语Dafen与非谓语动词recgnize之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此需用过去分词表示被动，句首单词首字母要大写。
3．than 考查固定搭配。“”是固定搭配，意为“与其说……不如说……”，用于同一个人或物在两个不同性质或特征等方面的比较。
4．whether 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导宾语从句，且从句中不缺少成分，表示“是否”，需用whether。
5．when 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为时间2008，关系词在从句中作时间状语，因此需用关系副词when。
6．cming 考查非谓语动词。此处是with复合结构，demand和cme之间是逻辑上的主动关系，因此需使用现在分词表示主动，作宾语补足语。
7．a 考查冠词。此处表示泛指“一位画家”，且painter的发音以辅音音素开头，因此需用不定冠词a。
8．cnsumptin 考查名词。形容词dmestic后接名词，cnsume的名词形式为cnsumptin，为不可数名词。
9．hping 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词，hpe与主句主语Li Jinghu之间为主动关系，因此需用动词-ing形式。
10．has declined 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语in the past tw years可知，应使用现在完成时；主语the demand fr their paintings是抽象概念，助动词用第三人称单数形式。
Test 4
(2024·济南三模)East China's Shandng prvince, where the Yellw River flws int the sea, is prmting the deep integratin f culture and turism. S far, Shandng 1._________(launch) many cultural turism prjects, making great prgress in digging int the culture and value f the Yellw River 2._________(bst) the high-quality develpment f the regin.
One example is the Yellw River Twer in Binzhu's Puhu Lake Scenic Area, which was pen3._________the public last year. It has becme a cultural landmark f the Yellw River Basin 4._________visitrs can view the river passing thrugh the city and watch exhibitins shwing 5._________(it) lng histry and diverse cultures. The twer ffers varius types f activities, such as research turs, and undertakes Yellw River-themed vide cmpetitins.
One f the mst 6._________(influence) turism brands in Yuncheng cunty is the Shuihu Film Studi. It integrates film shting and perfrmances. There are 36 curtyards and 108 scenic spts that 7._________(vivid) display the diverse cultures f the Chinese classic nvel Water Margin.
Yellw River culture is a prduct f the material and spiritual advancement f the peple living by the river thrughut time. The lcal artistic 8._________(create) are playing imprtant rles in the Yellw River culture. The mst representative amng them is Lyu Opera, 9._________unique kind f the Chinese art frm. 10._________(rt) in Dngying, the pera has becme extremely ppular amng turists.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了山东省正在推动文化和旅游的深度融合，介绍了为推动文化旅游所采取的一些措施。
1．has launched 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语S far可知，用现在完成时；主语为Shandng，助动词用has。
2．t bst 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。
3．t 考查介词。固定短语be pen t意为“向……开放”。
4．where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词landmark，从句缺少地点状语，应用where引导。
5．its 考查代词。空处修饰名词，应用形容词性物主代词its。
6．influential 考查形容词。修饰名词brands，应用形容词influential，作定语。
7．vividly 考查副词。修饰动词display，应用副词vividly，作状语。
8．creatins 考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处作主语；根据下文中的are可知，空处应用名词复数。
9．a 考查冠词。此处为泛指，且unique的发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。
10．Rted 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，rt与逻辑主语the pera构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。
Test 5
(2024·湖北圆创联考5月联考)Hw men first learned t invent wrds is unknwn. In ther wrds, the rigin f language is 1._________mystery. All we really knw is that men, unlike animals, smehw invented certain sunds t express thughts and feelings, actins and things, s that they culd cmmunicate with each ther; and that later they agreed upn certain signs, 2._________(call)letters, which culd be cmbined t represent thse sunds, and which culd be written dwn. Thse sunds, whether spken 3._________written in letters, we call wrds.
The pwer f wrds, then, lies in their assciatins—the things they bring up befre ur minds.Wrds becme filled with meaning fr us by experience; and the 4._________(lng) we live, the mre certain wrds recall t us the happy and sad events f ur past; and the mre we read and learn, the mre the number f wrds that mean smething t us 5._________(increase).
Great writers are thse wh nt nly have great thughts but als express these thughts in wrds which appeal pwerfully 6._________ ur minds and emtins. This 7._________(charm) and significant use f wrds is 8._________we call literary style. Abve all, the real pet is a master f wrds. He can cnvey his meaning in wrds which sing like music, and which by their psitin and assciatin can mve men t 9._________(tear). We shuld, therefre, learn t chse ur wrds carefully and use them 10._________(accurate), r they will make ur speech r writing silly and vulgar (粗俗的).
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了文字的力量。
1．a 考查冠词。空后的mystery为可数名词，且此处表泛指，故应用不定冠词，mystery的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
2．called 考查非谓语动词。此处作定语，修饰名词signs，signs与call之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。
3．r 考查固定搭配。“”为固定搭配，意为“无论……还是……”。
4．lnger 考查比较级。根据下文的the mre可知，此处为“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构，故填lnger。
5．increases 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。本句中主语为the number f wrds，谓语动词应用单数，且主语与increase之间为主动关系，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填increases。
6．t 考查固定搭配。根据句意可知，此处为固定搭配appeal t，意为“吸引”。
7．charming 考查形容词。根据下文的and可知，此处和significant并列，修饰名词use，应用形容词作定语。
8．what 考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导表语从句，从句中缺少call的宾语，且意思为“什么”，应用what引导。
9．tears 考查名词复数。此处为固定表达mve sb. t tears，意为“使某人感动得落泪”，故此处应用名词的复数作宾语。
10．accurately 考查副词。修饰动词use，应用副词作状语。
Test 6
(2024·怀化二模)Taijiquan is an especially helpful exercise t bth the ld and yung. UNESCO describes it as “a traditinal physical practice”. It 1._________(characterize) by relaxing, circular mvements that wrk in harmny with breath regulatin and the cultivatin f a 2._________(mral) acceptable and neutral mind.
One's understanding f Taijiquan can evlve 3._________the practice cntinues. As an adlescent, it might be mre f a martial art that strengthens yur bdy and imprves fighting skills. As ne's experience grws, it becmes easier 4._________(appreciate) its cultural implicatins.
Taijiquan can teach peple t stay calm during life's ups and dwns and t embrace the wrld with an pen mind. Taijiquan als 5._________(feature) the interactin effect between mvement and stillness, emptiness and reality, pening and clsing, and rigidity and gentleness, 6._________is “a perfect picture f harmnius cexistence and unity in diversity”．
Taijiquan requires its practitiners t be upright and peaceful and t act frm 7._________perspective f thers, which reflects Cnfucianism's emphasis 8._________self-cultivatin and humanity.
The leisure f Taijiquan and Olympic spirit, riginated frm western 9._________(cuntry), are tw different kinds f life cncepts under different cultural backgrunds. Nwadays, widespread Taijiquan shws that these tw kinds f culture are in the prcess f 10._________(blend) which are the inheritance f traditinal Chinese culture and the cmplementatin f Wrld Olympic Spirit as well.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了太极拳对老年人和年轻人来说都是一项特别有益的运动，以及和奥林匹克运动精神的融合。
1．is characterized 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处为句子的谓语，动词characterize和主语It之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态；本文是介绍太极拳的好处，整体时态是一般现在时；主语It是第三人称单数形式，故填is characterized。
2．mrally 考查副词。空处修饰形容词acceptable，应用副词。
3．as/when 考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”或者“当……时候”，故填as或when。
4．t appreciate 考查固定句式。“it ＋be/becme＋adj.＋不定式”为固定句式，空处为句子真正主语，应使用动词不定式形式。
5．features 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处为句子谓语部分，动词feature和主语Taijiquan之间是主动关系，表示“以……为特征”，介绍的是太极拳的好处，应使用一般现在时。
6．which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话，应使用关系代词which。
7．the 考查冠词。perspective是单数名词，其前应用冠词修饰，表示具体某一方面，应使用定冠词the。
8．n/upn 考查固定搭配。emphasis n/upn为固定搭配，意为“强调……”。
9．cuntries 考查名词复数。空处所给名词cuntry用作介词frm的宾语，是可数名词，根据句意应使用复数形式。
10．blending 考查非谓语动词。空处为介词f的宾语，应使用动名词形式。
专题强化练(二十一)
Test 1
(2024·重庆质检)The first Little Free Library began with a simple cncept: Take a bk; return a bk. It's a creative, cmmunity-building practice 1._________has blssmed int an internatinal nnprfit with ver 60，000 lcatins in America 2._________80 ther cuntries arund the glbe. A neighbrhd Little Free Library ffers bth a fun and free way fr anyne 3._________(find) a new page-turner, which can be crucial fr members f lwer-incme families with limited access t bks at hme.
It all began in 2009 when Tdd H. Bl designed and built the first Little Free Library at 4._________(he) hme in Hudsn, Wiscnsin. The 5._________(fllw) year, he gave away 30 Little Free Libraries t friends and family as enthusiasm spread thrughut the cmmunity.
Inspired by early 20th-century philanthrpist (慈善家) Andrew Carnegie's prmise t fund 2，508 free public libraries acrss the English-speaking wrld, Bl 6._________(team) up with Rick Brks t build at least that many Little Free Libraries within fur years. 7._________pair achieved their gal a year and a half ahead f schedule, with 4，000 Little Free Libraries in 8._________(exist) by the end f 2012—the same year Little Free Library was 9._________(fficial) registered as a nnprfit and mved its main ffice frm Bl's hme 10._________an actual wrkspace in Hudsn.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了小型免费图书馆在全球的发展。
1．that/which 考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为practice，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which。
2．and 考查连词。分析句子结构和意思可知，ver 60，000 lcatins in America和80 ther cuntries arund the glbe是并列关系，应用连词and。
3．t find 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构和意思可知，空处要用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词way。
4．his 考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词，修饰名词hme。
5．fllwing 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词形式作定语，修饰名词year，fllwing意为“接下来的”。
6．teamed 考查动词的时态。此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，因此谓语用一般过去式。
7．The 考查冠词。此处指上文提到的合作伙伴波尔和瑞克，再次出现时，特指这对合伙人，用定冠词the，句首单词首字母应大写。
8．existence 考查名词。空前的in为介词，其后应跟名词，in existence意为“现有的、现存的”，为固定搭配。
9．fficially 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词was registered。
10．t 考查介词。“mve sth. ”意为“把某物从……搬到……”，为固定搭配。
Test 2
(2024·青岛一模)In Ningb city, a yung wman has made the bamb prduct brand f her family's cmpany famus arund the wrld, 1._________(help) a fair number f bamb farmers increase their incme.
Wang Xiaqing, brn in the 1990s, 2._________(find) that in the U．S., Chinese bamb prducts were ppular amng custmers, 3._________many f them carried freign brands, despite China being the “kingdm f bambs”. She decided t return t China and build a bamb prduct brand after finishing her educatin abrad in 2013.
In 2018, a bamb table 4._________(prduce) by the cmpany f Wang's family shined at the first Glbal Bamb Cngress. “5._________fascinates westerners is the Chinese bamb culture and its lng histry. It prvides a sund fundatin fr the glbal 6._________(expand) f China's bamb industry，” Wang said. Her cmpany is 7._________(current) engaged in the design, manufacturing and sales f bamb prducts. It prduces ver 10 millin bamb prducts each year, 85 percent f which 8._________(sell) in the glbal market.
Serving 9._________ vice president f the entrepreneurship prmtin assciatin fr returned verseas students in Ningb city, Wang plans t cntribute mre t rural vitalizatin. “I hpe that we can turn villages int mre beautiful places and make villagers get 10._________(rich)，” Wang said.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了宁波市一名年轻女士，她打造了自己家族的竹制品品牌，并将其竹制品销往世界，同时帮助相当多的竹农增加了收入。
1．helping 考查非谓语动词。空处在句子作结果状语，和逻辑主语a yung wman之间是主动关系，应使用现在分词形式。
2．fund 考查动词的时态。空处为句子谓语部分，根据下文“She decided t return t China”可知，应使用一般过去时。
3．but 考查连词。空处缺少连词连接前后两个句子，表示转折，应使用连词but。
4．prduced 考查非谓语动词。空处作后置定语修饰名词table，且二者之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应使用过去分词形式。
5．What 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“物”，应使用连接代词what，位于句首首字母要大写。
6．expansin 考查名词。空处为介词fr的宾语，应使用名词形式expansin，根据句意应使用单数形式。
7．currently 考查副词。空处修饰动词engaged，应使用副词形式，作状语。
8．are sld 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处为定语从句的谓语部分，动词sell和主语bamb prducts之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态；根据上文prduces可知，应使用一般现在时，先行词是bamb prducts，为复数，故填are sld。
9．as 考查固定搭配。serve as为固定搭配，意为“作为”。
10．richer 考查比较级。根据上文mre beautiful places和and可知，空处与mre beautiful places为并列关系，也应使用比较级。
Test 3
(2024·湖南九校联盟第二次联考)Hangzhu will build a wrld-class eclgical and cultural turism crridr in cnnectin with Anhui Prvince's Huangshan City. Five twns in Hangzhu's Chun'an Cunty and five twns in Huangshan's She Cunty 1._________(include) accrding t the prepared plan. In ancient times, they were part f Huizhu regin where the Xin'an River runs thrugh. Dating back t the Tang Dynasty (618-907CE), a trail 2._________(link) Hangzhu's Tianmu Muntain and Huangshan's Yellw Muntain was frmed t exchange gds 3._________the tw regins.
Over the years, Hangzhu and Huangshan 4._________(preserve) their unique architecture and lcal ways f life in ld villages, making this area ppular with turists. The villages have resisted the winds f change 5._________swept acrss many ther parts f China. In additin t architecture, als, the natural envirnment is being prtected, with sewage (污水) 6._________(treat) and new infrastructure being built.
These imprvements are attracting mre turists and creating7._________ engine fr the lcal ecnmy. Mrever, fr thse wh lve hiking, jgging r cycling, the Thusand Islands Lake in Chun'an Cunty is an ideal destinatin 8._________ it basts 1，078 islands, winding rads and charming villages.
In 9._________(add), Hangzhu will als increase frest cverage alng the river in partnership with Huangshan, which perfectly matches the cncept f “Lucid waters and lush muntains are invaluable assets” t highlight a 10._________(harmny) relatinship between eclgical prtectin and ecnmic develpment.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了杭州准备搭建一条沟通它与安徽省黄山市的生态文化长廊，以及打造它的历史和现实意义。
1．are included 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词；根据句意，此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语是Five Cunty与include之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；主语为复数，谓语应用复数形式。
2．linking 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语was frmed，此处应为非谓语动词，作定语修饰名词trail，并与其形成主动关系，故应用现在分词形式。
3．between 考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处应为介词，根据句意可知，此处意为“在……(两者)之间”，应用介词between。
4．have preserved/have been preserving 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语；根据句中时间状语Over the years可知，应用现在完成时，也可用现在完成进行时，表示动作一直持续进行；主语为Hangzhu and Huangshan，谓语应用复数形式。
5．that/which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the winds f change，在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词that或which。
6．being treated 考查非谓语动词。根据介词with可知，此处应为非谓语动词，作定语修饰名词sewage，并与其构成被动关系；根据空后的and并结合句意可知，此处应与being built为并列关系，表示“正在被处理”。
7．an 考查冠词。修饰名词engine，应用冠词。根据句意可知，此处表示创造“一个推动力”，表泛指，应用不定冠词；因engine的发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。
8．as/because/since/fr 考查连词。两个句子之间应用连词连接；根据句意可知，此处引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”，故填as或because或since或fr。
9．additin 考查名词。根据介词In可知，此处应为名词；固定短语in additin意为“此外”，符合句意。
10．harmnius 考查形容词。此处修饰名词relatinship，应用形容词，作定语，意为“和谐的”。
Test 4
(2024·黄冈中学5月模拟)Discveries made during the latest excavatin (发掘) f Pit N.1 at the Mausleum f Qin Shi Huang, China's first emperr, have allwed Chinese archaelgists t gain mre insight int 1._________the wrld-famus Terractta Warrirs and their weapns were made.
Accrding t a recent reprt archaelgists 2._________(restre) mre than 140 Terractta Warrirs. They discvered that the arms f these figures were created separately and then attached t the bdies and cvered in a layer f fine clay. The carving f fine details was cmpleted 3._________the arms were attached. 4._________(additinal), the pit has yielded a variety f weapns, including lng-range attack weapns, shields fr defense, as well as drums and drumsticks used fr cmmanding sldiers.
“The Terractta Warrirs used a very special mechanism t cnnect pieces tgether. Such 5._________(wise) was unique t China，” Lyu Qiuxia, 6._________expert n ancient Chinese art, tld the Glbal Times n Wednesday. Lyu added that the way the warrirs were made differed based n their scial status and class. “When 7._________ (analyze) hw they were made, we nticed that the warrirs were divided int different classes. This cntributes t research 8._________the burial culture f the Terractta Warrirs，” the expert nted.
Thrugh excavatins, Chinese researchers have established the types and arrangement f weapns 9._________(use) by the Terractta Warrirs as well as the frmatins and patterns f the 10._________ (mystery) undergrund army.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了考古学家对兵马俑及其武器的制造过程的更多的新发现。
1．hw 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词引导；根据句意，应用hw。
2．have restred 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句缺少谓语动词，所以空处作本句谓语；根据时间标志词recent可知，用现在完成时；主语archaelgists为复数，故填have restred。
3．befre 考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，根据句意可知，此处意为“在……之前”，应用befre引导。
4．Additinally 考查副词。空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，additinal的副词形式是additinally，句首单词首字母要大写。
5．wisdm 考查名词。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作主语，wise的名词形式是wisdm。
6．an 考查冠词。expert为可数名词，本句用的单数，且表示泛指，其前应用不定冠词修饰，expert的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。
7．analyzing 考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句是状语从句的省略句，完整句是“When we were analyzing hw they were made”，从句的主语和主句主语相同，谓语动词是be动词，所以主语和谓语可省略。
8．n/int 考查固定搭配。research n/int为固定搭配，意为“研究”。
9．used 考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词have established，所以此处用非谓语形式，use与逻辑主语weapns之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词表被动。
10．mysterius 考查形容词。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，mystery的形容词形式是mysterius。
Test 5
(2024·威海二模)Did yu ever imagine that ne day we culd enjy the benefits f Traditinal Chinese Medicine in a cup f cffee?
Traditinal Chinese Medicine, r TCM, is 1._________apprach used t help peple re-balance their health and mind. A typical way f making a TCM frmula (配方) is t get a prescriptin frm a 2._________(license) dctr, shp fr all the medicinal materials, and then brew (煎) them with water in a pt. These materials 3._________(say) t have a restrative effect by re-balancing ne's natural energy, r Qi, 4._________runs thrugh series f invisible meridians (经脉) thrughut the bdy.
But if yu ask yunger generatins f Chinese, few visit TCM shps nwadays, let alne brew these time-tested remedies fr 5._________(they). Hwever, scial media has recently seen a type f cffee 6._________(feature) gji berry juice get ppular.
The cncept f cmbining TCM herbs 7._________ppular drinks culd make yung peple access TCM mre easily. The key f TCM is 8._________(prevent). By trying such drinks, yung peple can take mre care f their health, and nip sicknesses in the bud. Mst peple, attracted t such a cafe by the “new TCM drinks” at first, wuld als be ffered ther TCM prducts like dried herbs and teas, after which they stay 9._________(learn) mre abut TCM.
As Traditinal Chinese Medicine becmes mre 10._________(access) t yung peple, many are integrating these ancient drinks int their daily wellness rutines.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中医以及现在许多年轻人正在将中药融入到日常健康生活中的现象。
1．an 考查冠词。结合语意可知，此处表示“一种方法”，空处应用不定冠词表示泛指，apprach的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。
2．licensed 考查形容词。空处修饰名词dctr，应用形容词licensed，意为“得到正式许可的”，作定语。
3．are said 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句中runs可知，句子使用一般现在时；say与主语These materials之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语These materials是复数，be动词应用are。
4．which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Qi，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。
5．themselves 考查代词。此处表示“更不用说年轻一代的中国人为他们自己煮中药”，空处应用反身代词themselves，表示“他们自己”，作介词fr的宾语。
6．featuring 考查非谓语动词。空处作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语cffee之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。
7．with/and 考查固定搭配。cmbine sth. with/and sth.为固定搭配，意为“把某物和某物相结合”。
8．preventin 考查名词。结合语意以及常识可知，空处应用名词preventin，意为“预防”，作句子的表语。
9．t learn 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，他们留下来是为了了解更多关于中药的信息，所以空处应用动词不定式形式作目的状语。
10．accessible 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处在as引导的时间状语从句中作表语，应用形容词accessible，意为“可接近的，易接近的”。
Test 6
(2024·淮北二模)
Demand fr Chinese Stries Turns
a Page at Italian Bk Fair
A picture bk series titled Palace Cats, 1._________(picture) a few f the furry ccupants f the Palace Museum, the huge natinal museum cmplex hused in the Frbidden City in the heart f Beijing, caught the eyes f nearly all visitrs 2._________the exhibitin area f a Chinese publishing huse at the Blgna Children's Bk Fair, 3._________ran frm March 6-9 in the central Italian city.
In its 60th editin, the annual bk fair is 4._________ majr internatinal frum fr publishers, authrs 5._________illustratrs f children's literature t exchange ideas, frge bnds and select partners.
At the 32-square-meter stand f China Science and Technlgy Press, hundreds f Chinese stry bks and science bks fr children were n display. Audrey Lrenzini, an 6._________(independence) publisher frm Padva, Italy, 7._________(discuss) issues with the Chinese exhibitrs.
“It's very difficult fr children in Italy 8._________(access) bks abut Chinese culture，” she said while lking fr bks fr Italians wh want t learn abut China.
9．_________(prfessinal) and publishers 10._________(draw) t the exhibitin bths f ther Chinese publishers, including Beijing-based UTOP publishing huse and China Children's Press and Publicatin Grup, t seek deals fr cperatin.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在意大利书展上中国故事书的需求量有了巨大增长。
1．picturing 考查非谓语动词。空处与主语A picture bk series之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作定语。
2．t/in 考查介词。分析句子结构可知，游客去/在某地参观，介词用t或in均可。
3．which 考查定语从句。空处为定语从句引导词，指代先行词the Blgna Children's Bk Fair，在定语从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which。
4．a 考查冠词。空处表示泛指，且majr的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
5．and 考查连词。分析句子结构可知，publishers、authrs 和 illustratrs 三个复数名词为并列关系，应用并列连词and。
6．independent 考查形容词。空处需要用形容词形式作定语，修饰名词publisher, independence的形容词形式为independent。
7．discussed/was discussing 考查动词的时态。空处为句子谓语部分，根据上文内容可知，此处应用一般过去时或者过去进行时，主语Audrey Lrenzini是第三人称单数形式，谓语动词也应用单数形式。
8．t access 考查非谓语动词。“It's difficult fr sb. t d sth.”为固定搭配，意为“做某事对某人来说很困难”，空处应用动词不定式。
9．Prfessinals 考查名词复数。空处与 publishers 并列，形式一致，表示“专业人士”，应用名词复数。
10．were drawn 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处为句子谓语部分，动词draw和主语之间是被动关系，且本文讲的是过去的事情，空处应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数形式，谓语动词也应用复数形式。