牛津译林版八年级英语上册单元速记•巧练Unit7【速记清单】(原卷版+解析)

这是一份牛津译林版八年级英语上册单元速记•巧练Unit7【速记清单】(原卷版+解析)，共39页。
Unit 7 Seasons 考点1 . cool（1）cool作形容词，意为“凉快的”。例如：The hall is nice and cool. 大厅既漂亮又凉爽。（2）cool作形容词，还意为“冷静的，沉着的”。例如：Be cool. Everything will be all right. 冷静一点,一切都会没问题的。（3）cool常用在口语方面，意为“很棒的，极好的”。例如：That singing star is really cool. 那位歌星实在很棒。Hey, that’s really cool. 嗨，那真好极了。(4) cool还可作动词，意为“使凉快；使冷却”。例如：The rain has cooled the air. 这雨使天气变得凉快了。【经典练】1．（2022秋·辽宁葫芦岛·八年级统考期中）After a long walk in the sun, they want to drink ________.A．cool something B．something cool C．cool anything D．nothing cool【写作佳句】If the trees keep on growing, they can be tall and large enough to block the sun out and cool the air.如果这些树继续生长，它们就可以长得又高又大，足以遮挡阳光，冷却空气。考点2.be full offull 作为形容词，意为“充满的，完全的”。 例如： Please tell me the full story.   请将全部情况告诉我。    The train is traveling at full speed.    火车正全速前进。 be full of   意为“充满……的”。例如： The room is full of young people. 房间里全是年轻人。【拓展】  fill表示“装满，填满”，可用作及物和不及物动词，通常与介词 with 连用。例如：Everything is filled with new life.   万物充满了生气。He filled the glass with water. 他把杯子装满了水。【经典练】1．If you read a lot, your life will be _______ pleasure.A．full of B．proud of C．similar to D．good with【写作佳句】Exercise more in your daily life, and you’ll be full of energy.在日常生活中多锻炼，你就会精力充沛。考点3. findfind out意为“找到，发现，查明”，多指通过调查、询问、打听、研究之后“弄明白”。通常含有“经过困难、曲折”之后才找出难以找到的东西。例如： Please find out when the train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离站。【拓展】 (1) find是动词，意为“找到”，通常指找到或发现具体的东西，强调的是找的结果。例如：He didn’t find his book. 他没有找到他的书。 (2) look for意为“寻找”，是有目的地找，强调找的动作。例如：Jim is looking for his little dog. Jim正在找他的狗。【经典练】1．（2022秋·四川泸州·八年级统考期末）—Please help to ________ when Jill’s train will arrive at the train station.—OK. Her train will arrive at 3:00 p.m.A．look out B．hang out C．find out D．bring out【写作佳句】（2022秋·福建厦门·八年级统考期中）The beach was so crowded that I spent some time finding my friends.海滩太拥挤了，以至于我花了一些时间去找我的朋友。考点4. memorymemory作名词，意为“记忆力；回忆”。例如：He has a poor memory after the car accident. 出车祸后，他的记忆力很差了。I have a pleasant memory of my childhood. 我对童年有美好的回忆。【拓展】memory的动词形式是memorize，意为“记住，背过”。例如：He can memorize the new words very quickly. 他能很快记住很多新的单词。【经典练】1．—Will you keep these old toys?—Of course. They hold the sweetest ________ about my childhood.A．gold B．memory C．silence D．research【写作佳句】（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）I can’t forget the teachers and the university that I visited two years ago. They bring me many sweet memories.我不能忘记两年前我参观的老师和大学。它们给我带来了许多甜蜜的回忆。考点5. fallfall 常用作动词,它主要有以下几种意思：(1) 跌倒,倒下。例如：Danny fell in the snow. 丹妮摔倒在雪地里。(2) 掉下,落下。例如：The glass fell on the ground. 杯子掉在了地上。Tom fell off the bike and broke his arm. 汤姆从自行车掉下来折了胳膊。(3)表示气温,价格的“下降”。例如：The temperature has suddenly fallen. 温度突然下降。(4) fall 还可用作联系动词,意为“变得”,后常接形容词asleep, ill等作表语。例如：She fell ill as soon as she got to London. 她一到伦敦就生病了。He was just falling asleep when there was a knock at the door. 他刚要入睡,就有人敲门。(5)常用固定搭配及格言警句。例如：fall off 下降,跌落 fall behind落后,跟不上 Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。【经典练】1．（2022秋·江苏徐州·八年级统考期末）People in the UK say “autumn”, while the American word for it is “________”.A．fall B．truck C．yard D．movie【写作佳句】（2020·山东菏泽·统考中考真题）If buildings fall down with people inside,the snake robots can help look for people under the buildings.如果建筑倒塌里面有人，蛇形机器人能够帮助在建筑楼下寻找人。考点6. drop（1）作不及物动词，意为“丢下，掉下，落下”。例如：The apple dropped from the tree to the ground.苹果从树上掉到地上。The ball dropped out of his hand. 球从他手里掉了下来。（2）作不及物动词，意为“下降，减弱”。例如：Prices dropped. 物价下跌了。The wind has dropped. 风势已减弱了。（3）作及物动词，意为“使掉下，使落下”。例如：Mary dropped the vase on the floor. 玛丽失手把花瓶掉在地板上。【拓展】（1）drop in /around探望，串门 例如：Please drop in to see us if you are in Bradford. 如果你到布拉福特，请顺便来看看我们。My sister dropped around last night. 昨晚我姐姐顺便来看了我。（2）drop in(顺便拜访)是不及物动词短语，其后不能接宾语。若语义上需要接宾语，根据情况可用on(针对人)或at(针对地方) 例如：She dropped in at his office. 她去了他的办公室找他。I thought I’d drop in on you while I was passing. 我曾想路过时就来看看你。【经典练】1．—What’s that sound upstairs?—Maybe someone has ________ a cup on the ground.A．dropped B．lost C．fallen D．broken【写作佳句】（2021·江苏盐城·统考中考真题）Rainbows are produced when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky.当阳光穿过天空中的小水滴时，彩虹就产生了。考点7. change（1）change作动词，意为“改变”。change one’s life意为“改变某人的人生”，change one’s mind意为“改变某人的主意/想法”。 例如： That kind of work has changed his life. 那种工作改变了他的生活。 I don’t know why he changed his mind soon. 我不知道他为什么这么快改变了主意。 (2) change是行为动词，通常用副词修饰。例如： You have changed a lot since I saw you last year. 自从我去年见到你以来，你改变了许多。Tom changed jobs many times. 汤姆换了很多工作。 （3）change作名词，意为“变化，改变”。例如：Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. 自1978年以来中国发生了巨大的变化。They decided on a change in lifestyle. 他们决定改变生活方式。（4）表示“零钱、找头”，是不可数名词。例如：When you go shopping, and don’t forget your change.你购物时，不要忘记找给你的钱。I have no (small) change about me. 我身边没带零钱。【经典练】1．（2022秋·广东深圳·八年级校考期末）—Our motherland ________ a lot so far.—Yes. I hope it will be even ________.A．has changed; better B．changed; good C．has changed; well D．changed; better【写作佳句】（2023·山东青岛·统考中考真题）My hometown has changed a lot since the subway was put into use.自从地铁投入使用以来，我的家乡改变了很多。考点8. rise（1）rise 是不及物动词,意为“上升，上涨”。例如：The sun has not yet risen. 太阳还没升起。 The population of the city has risen to five million. 城市人口已增加到五百万。（2）rise还表示“起立；起床”。例如：He rose and left the room. 他站起身走出屋去。I have to rise early tomorrow morning. 我明天必须早起。【拓展】（1）raise是及物动词，意为“举起,抬起”。例如：He raised his glass and said，“Your health, Carl.”他举起了杯子说道：“祝你健康,卡尔” 。If you want to ask a question, first raise your hand.如果你要问问题，请先举手。（2）raise还表示“招募，筹集”。例如： They are going to raise funds for the school buildings. 他们将为盖校舍筹集资金。The foolish prince raised an army against his father.那个愚蠢的王子招募军队反对他的父亲。（3）raise还表示“提高（音量、某种水平）”。例如：The ticket price was raised to 30 yuan. 票价上升到了30元。The speaker raised his voice so that we could hear him.演讲者提高了声音，以便我们都能听到。【经典练】1．—“Zombie ice” is melting (融化) as temperatures ________.—That’s terrible. It will finally ________ global sea level by at least 25.4 cm.A．rise; raise B．raise; rise C．rising; raise D．raising; rise【写作佳句】（2021·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）We see some balloons rising into the air at the opening of our new library.在我们新图书馆的开馆仪式上，我们看到一些气球升到空中。考点9. a fewfew为形容词，意为“不多，很少”，只能与可数名词搭配，表示“几乎没有”，自身有否定含义。也常与不定冠词a组成词组a few，表示“有一点”，有肯定含义。例如：He has few friends. 他几乎没朋友。May I ask a few questions? 我可以问几个问题吗？。【拓展】few /a few; little/a little(1）few/a few只能用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定，意为“没有，几乎没有”；a few表示肯定，意为“有几个，有一些”。 例如：He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。 There are a few eggs in the basket. 篮子里有几个鸡蛋。 (2）little/a little只能用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定，意为“没有，几乎没有”；a little 表示肯定，意为“有一点，有一些”。 例如： There is little ink in my bottle, and can you give me a little ink? 我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？【经典练】1．（2022秋·福建厦门·八年级厦门外国语学校校考期中）In some schools, quite ________ students like English, but ________ of them can speak English well.A．little; a few B．a few; little C．a few; few【写作佳句】（2023·辽宁盘锦·统考中考真题）The class was over, but I still had a few questions to ask.课程结束了，但我还有几个问题要问。考点10. luckylucky作形容词，意为“幸运的”。例如：He is a lucky dog. 他是个幸运的家伙。【拓展】（1）luck是不可数名词，意为“运气, 好运, 幸运 ”。good luck to sb.表示“祝某人好运”，bad luck意为“倒霉”。例如：She had no luck finding a job. 她很不幸,找不到工作。I wish you luck =Good luck to you! 祝你好运! （2）luckily是副词，意为“幸运地,幸亏,侥幸”。例如： Luckily there was a doctor on the spot. 幸运的是现场有一位医生。（3）unlucky是lucky的反义词，意为 “不幸的”。例如： Some people think it is unlucky to look at a new moon through glass.有些人认为透过玻璃看新月是不吉利的。【经典练】1．（2022·西藏·统考中考真题）The harder you work, the ________ you will be.A．luckier B．lucky C．luckily D．luck【写作佳句】（2018·新疆·中考真题）There was a a car accident on Xin Hua Road yesterday.Luckily, nobody was hurt..昨天在新华路有一场交通事故，幸运的是，没有人受伤。考点11. It’s the best time to do sth.It’s the best time to do sth.意为“做……的最佳时机”。例如： Spring is the best time to visit there. 春天是参观那里的最佳时机。 Today is the best time to go hiking. 今天是去远足的最佳时机。 It’s the best time to visit Summer Place in Beijing. 这是参观北京颐和园的最佳时间。考点12 busy12. Farmers are busy harvesting crops.（1）be busy doing sth. 意为“忙于做某事”。例如： We are busy cleaning the room. 我们正忙于清扫屋子。They were busy serving the day’s last buyers. 他们正忙着接待这天的最后一批顾客。（2）be busy with sth.也意为“忙于做某事”。 例如：My mother is busy with her work. 我的妈妈忙于她的工作。 The girls are as busy with their work as bees. 这些女孩子就跟蜜蜂一样忙着工作。【经典练】1．（2022秋·天津津南·八年级校考期中）I think my mother is much ________ than my father.A．busy B．very busy C．more busier D．busier【写作佳句】（2022·广西梧州·统考中考真题）John was busy with his homework last night.约翰昨晚忙于做作业。考点13 taste13. Ice cream tastes nice.句中的taste在此是系动词，意为“尝起来”，后面接形容词作表语。例如：The food tastes good. 食物尝起来很香。The chicken doesn’t taste good. 鸡肉尝起来不好。【拓展】　　(1) look，sound，smell，taste，feel这五个动词都与人的感觉有关，可称之为“感官”动词。这五个动词均可作系动词，后面接形容词作表语，说明主语所处的状态。其意思分别为“看/听/闻/尝/摸起来……”。除look之外，其它几个动词的主语往往是物，而不是人。例如：The old man looks very happy. 那个老人看起来很幸福。These flowers smell very sweet. 这些花闻起来很香。The tomatoes feel very soft. 这些西红柿摸起来很软。(2) look，sound，smell，taste，feel这些动词后面也可接介词like短语，like后面常用名词或代词。例如：Her idea sounds like fun. 她的主意听起来很有趣。The cat looks like a hat. 那只猫看起来像一顶帽子。【经典练】1．（2021秋·广东清远·八年级统考期末）The pizza _________ good. I’d like some more.A．turns B．sounds C．feels D．tastes2．（2023·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题）—What do you think of this cup of tea? —It ________ really great. I’d like another cup.A．sounds B．feels C．looks D．tastes【写作佳句】（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）Most people don’t like eating lemons because they taste sour.大多数人不喜欢吃柠檬，因为它们尝起来很酸。考点14. How’s the weather in Nanjing？此句型是用来询问天气的句型，类似的还有：What’s the weather like? 如果要询问某地的天气情况，常用What’s the weather like in…?或How’s the weather in…?其中介词in后跟表示地点的名词。对这些句型的回答常用“It is…”或“The weather is…”，is后跟描述天气状况的形容词或动词-ing形式，其中描述天气状况的形容词可以是warm; hot; cool; cold等表示冷暖的词，也可以是sunny; rainy; windy; cloudy; snowy等表示天气状况的词。例如： — What’s the weather like in Beijing today? 北京今天天气怎么样？ — It’s cloudy. / It’s cool. / It’s raining. 多云。/ 凉爽。/ 正在下雨。考点15 use15. We also make snowman and use carrots for their noses.（1）use作动词，意为“使用；运用”。 例如： As a student, you should learn how to use a dictionary. 作为学生，你应该学会如何使用词典。 （2）与for或as连用，构成短语use...for...，意为“用来做……；为了……而使用”， use...as...意为“作为……使用；用作……之意”。例如： Bamboo can be used for carrying water. 竹子可以用来运水。 The computer can be used as a tool.计算机可以被当作工具用。（3）use…to do…意为“用……去做……”。例如： I use a pen to write. 我用钢笔写字。Jenny is using a knife to cut meat. Jenny正用刀切肉。【拓展】　used to后跟动词原形，used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”，暗示现在已经不再做某事。 be/get/become used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”。例如： He used to be a quiet boy. 他过去是个安静的男孩。He came from the north, so he wasn’t used to living in the south.他来自北方，所以不习惯于住在南方。【经典练】1．（2021秋·北京东城·八年级统考期末）Chinese people usually _________ chopsticks to eat noodles.　　A．use B．are using C．will use D．used【写作佳句】（2023·辽宁盘锦·统考中考真题）It is reported that 6G technology will be used widely in a short time.据报道，6G技术将在短时间内得到广泛应用。一．五种简单句主语是动作的发出者。表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。它在句首。We study in No.1 Middle School.（“谁”）The classroom is very clean. （“什么”）Three were absent.（数词作主语） To teach them English is my job. （不定式作主语）It is my job to teach them English.（注不定式作主语常用形式主语it句型）Eating too much is bad for your health.(动名词作主语）谓语说明主语“做什么”，“是什么”或“怎么样”。 谓语必须用动词，放在主语后面， 且主谓一致。His Parents are doctors. （系动词作谓语）She looks well.（系动词作谓语）We study hard.（实义动词作谓语）He can speak English. （情态动词和实义动词作谓语）宾语是动作、行为的对象，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么，在谓语之后She is playing the piano now.（名词作宾语）He often helps me.（代词作宾语）He likes to sleep in the open air.（不定式作宾语）We enjoy living in China.（动名词作宾语）表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”。 表语位于系动词后面。  You look happy.（形容词作表语）I am a teacher.（名词作表语）Everybody is here.（副词作表语）They are at home now.（介词短语作表语）My job is to teach them English.（不定式作表语） 定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。凡是有名词、代词的地方都可以有定语。 单个词作定语时，通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。 当定语修饰不定代词：nothing, anything, everything, something等时，定语在不定代词后面。 The black bike is mine. 主语部分(形容词作定语)What is your name? 表语(代词作定语)They made paper flowers. 宾语(名词作定语)The boys in the room are in Class Three Grade One.(介词短语作定语)I have something to do. (不定式作定语) 状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义，状语一般放在句末，但有的可以放在句首、句中。He did it carefully.（副词作状语）Without his help，we couldn't work it out. （介词短语作状语）（In order） to catch up with my classmates， I must study hard.（不定式作目的状语）1. 句型 一：主谓结构 （谓语动词是不及物动词vi.S+V） 动词分及物动词和不及物动词：谓语动词都能表达完整的意思,这类动词叫做不及物动词不及物动词: sleep睡觉 walk步行 swim 游泳 happen发生come来 work 工作 laugh 笑如：1. We come. 2. The sun rises. 3. He runs in the park.注意 有些不及物动词后面加上介词就可把它看成一个及物动词，后面就可以加宾语了。You must listen to me.2. 基本句型 二： Ｓ + Ｖ系 + Ｐ （主＋系＋表）此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。如：1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary.2. The dinner │smells │good.3. He │is growing │tall and strong.     系动词主要是起到连系主语和表语的作用。可分四类：1. 表 “是 ” 如：be“是”(am, is, are, was, were)2.表 “感觉” 如：look看起来feel感到，sound听起来，smell闻起来，seem 似乎3. 表 “变” 如：get变得, turn变得, grow变得，go变得, come变得, become 成为4. 表 “保持” 如：keep保持, stay保持 常用连系动词的用法： ① 变成,变得：become, come, fall, get, go, grow, run, turn 口诀：好是come，坏是go; 天气、外貌慢慢grow; 流水、金钱缓缓run; 颜色、天气大不同turn；get / become口语化，如果要说就用它. ② 保持某种状态： keep, lie, remain, stand , stay.③ 看起来，好像：appear, look, seem. ④ 感官动词：feel, smell, sound, taste. 注意：There be 结构： There be 表示‘存在有’。这里的there没有实际意义，不可与 副词“there那里”混淆。此结构后跟名词，表示“（存在）有某事物”。 试比较： There is a boy there.（那儿有一个男孩。） 前一个there无实义，后一个there为副词‘那里’ 3. 基本句型 三： Ｓ + Ｖt + Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）   此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作， 但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。如：1. Who │knows │the answer? 2. He │admits │that he was mistaken4. 基本句型 四： Ｓ + Ｖt + IO + DO （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 有些及物动词可以有两个宾语, 这两个宾语通常一个指人 (间宾)；一个指物 (直宾)eg：give / pass / bring / showGive me a cup of tea please.Pass our English teacher the book./ Bring it to me, please. 1.She │ordered │herself │a new dress. 2. He │brought │you │a dictionary. A：动词后加to give 给 show给……看 send寄，打电报 bring带…… read读…… pass递给…… lend借给…… leave留给…… hand交给…… tell告诉…… return把……还给… write给……写信 throw扔…… promise答应…… refuse 拒绝 B：动词后加for make生产，制造…… buy买 do做 get得到 play演奏 order命令 sing唱歌 5. 基本句型 五：Ｓ + Ｖt + Ｏ+ ＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。 宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。The war made him a soldier. （名词） New methods make the job easy .（形容词）I often find him at work . （介词短语）The teacher asks the students to close the windows. （不定式）I saw a cat running across the road. （现在分词） Our teacher found the windows closed. （过去分词） 二、写作主题：季节与气候一、话题分析本单元的话题是“季节与气候”，要求学生能简单介绍一年四季或者某个季节，本单元写作要求同学们能根据相关信息提示简单地介绍季节与气候。内容包括特定季节的时间、气候、日常活动以及给人带来的感受等。在具体的写作中，学生应做到以下几点：1. 能用含有-y的形容词介绍某个季节的天气；2. 能用丰富的动词和句式结构描述季节特有的活动；3. 能正确使用标点符号；4. 能正确书写英语句子。二、写作步骤步骤一：确定介绍季节与气候的内容和顺序。步骤二：列举介绍季节与气候的句型，多多益善。步骤三：成段成篇，修改完善。三、词汇积累1 look cool 看起来很酷2 the rest time to do sth. 做某事的最好时间3 in summer 在夏天4 go swimming 去游泳5 be full of 充满……6 forget to grow 忘记了生长7 fly far away 飞往远方8 play among flowers 在花丛中玩9 turn brown 变黄10 rhyme with 与……押韵11 on a hot summer afternoon 在一个炎热的夏天下午12 drop below… 下降到……以下13 the lowest temperature 最低温度14 stay above zero 在零度以上15 a bit 有一点四、句型积累1 I bet you’ll look cool and feel cool with nothing on! 我赌你什么都不穿看起来会很酷并感觉很凉爽。2 It’s the best time to play footfall outside. 它是户外踢足球的最佳时机。3 The days of spring are windy and bright. 春天是风和日丽的时节。4 What a perfect time to fly a kite! 是放风筝的绝佳时机！5 How do people feel on a hot summer afternoon? 在炎热的夏天下午，人们感觉如何呢？6 This is Aunt Jane speaking. 我是简阿姨。7 The temperature is usually below zero and it is often snowy. 这里的气温通常在零度以下，并且经常有大雪。8 It is exciting to have big snowball fights. 打一场雪仗是很令人兴奋的。典例：根据以下提示，写一篇短文介绍一下中国的气候（climate）。1.中国的气候类型很多；2.在南部，夏季和冬季的气温变化很小；3.北方的气温则大不相同；夏季穿的衣服很少，冬季要穿厚重的羊毛衣服或毛皮大衣；4.西南地区冬季气温温和，而夏季则十分炎热；5.东部地区夏季炎热、冬季还冷、春天温暖宜人、秋季凉爽。要求：语言流畅、条理清晰，词数不少于70。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Unit 7 Seasons 一．重点词组赏析Unit7核心话题谈论四季重点词汇temperature, drop, rise, rainy, snowy, shower, kick, fever, cough, awful, snowstorm, around, rest, degree, bit, blow, loud, ring, cause, snowball, fight, land, throw, snowman, everywhere, cloud, shine, deep 重点短语1．be full of snow 满是雪2．forget to grow 忘记了生长3．fly far away 飞远了4. find a warm and sunny day寻找一个温暖的、阳光灿烂的日子5．play among flowers 在花丛中玩6．hide from 躲避7．an awful day 糟糕的一天8. around 9℃ during the day白天约9摄氏度9. the rest of the week本周剩下的时间10. the highest/lowest temperature最高／低温度11. cover their faces with scarves用围巾遮住他们的脸12．the sudden heavy rain 突然的大雨13．have snowball fights 打雪仗14．make snowmen 堆雪人重点句型1. Bring me my clothes, Hobo. 霍波，把我的衣服拿来。2. I bet you’ll look cool and feel cool with nothing on! 我敢说你什么也不穿是最酷的！3. It’s the best time to play football outside. 这是在外面踢足球的最好时间。4. We throw snowballs at each other, screaming and laughing.我们互相扔雪球，尖叫着、大笑着。5. I had a high fever and coughed a lot, so Mum took me to the hospital. 我发高烧，咳嗽得厉害，所以妈妈带我去了医院。6. Snowstorms from the north will arrive in the late afternoon.来自北方的暴风雪将在下午晚些时候到达。语法五种简单句写作“季节与气候”1.喜欢打雪仗 like snowball fights 2. 降到零下十度 drop to -10°C3. 一年里最好的季节the best season of year 4. 几场阵雨 a few showers5. 在每年的这段时间里during this time of year 6. 在下午晚些时候 in the late afternoon7. 用围巾盖住她的脸cover her face with a scarf 8. 保持在零度以上stay above zero9．到处都是雪be full of snow 10．躲避……be full of snow11．收割庄稼harvest crops 12．降到零度以下 drop below zero13．覆盖整个大地cover the whole earth 14．为我做早饭 make breakfast for me15．从早到晚from morning till night 16．患重感冒catch fl bad cold 17．发高烧have a high fever 18．把我带到医院去 take me to the hospital19．忙着做某事be busy doing sth 20．一年中的这个时候during this time of year21．导致许多问题cause a lot of problems 22．有幸做某事 be lucky to do sth．23．利于人们的健康be healthy for people 24．打雪仗 have snowball fights25．覆盖着厚厚的白雪be covered in deep white snow 26．彼此扔雪球throw snowballs at each other27．堆雪人make snowmen 28．在下雪天on snowy days29.来自北方的暴风雪a snowstorm from the North 30. 在他三十多岁 in his thirties31.落成堆 fall into piles 32. 从早到晚 from morning till night33, 用枝条搭帐篷put up a tent with sticks 34. 变黄 turn yellow35.快速上升raise quickly 36. 进行短途旅行have a short trip37.和我们呆在一起stay with us 38. 花间嬉戏 play among flowers39.放风筝的极好时间a perfect time to fly kites 40.在这个季节期间 during the season二、重点句型赏析 1.哪个季节是一年中最好的季节? Which is the best season of the year?2．突然到来的暴雨引发了许多问题。The sudden heavy rain caused many problems.3.我不得不说得再大声点因为风正刮得厉害。I had to speak louder because the wind was blowing hard. 4.明天将又是美丽、炎热的一天，气温在30多度。It will be a beautiful,hot day again tomorrow,with temperatures in the thirties．5.来自北方的暴风雪将在明天下午较晚时到达。Snowstorms from the north will arrive in the late tomorrow afternoon．6. 在这个季节，人们最喜欢做什么活动呢？What activity do people enjoy doing most?7.我们互相扔雪球，叫着，笑着。We threw snowballs at each other, screaming and laughing.8. 在冰灯节，到处都有漂亮的冰灯。There are beautiful ice lanterns everywhere at Ice Festival.9. 打雪仗堆雪人是令人兴奋的。It is exciting to have snowball fights and make snowmen.10. 所有一切都被覆盖在深深的白雪之中。Everything is covered in deep white snow.11.明天温度会降十度。The temperature will drop ten degrees tomorrow.12.每年春天，我们在苏州周边进行一次短途游。We have a short time trip around Suzhou every spring.13.今天有点阵雨。 There are a few showers today.14.孩子们正忙着堆雪人打雪仗。Children are busy making snowmen and having snowball fights.15.昨天有点冷，我发了高烧。 It was a bit cold yesterday and I had a high fever.16.南京在雪天看起来更美。 Nanjing looks more beautiful on snowy days.17.风刮的很大，我们最好待在室内。The wind is blowing hard and we’d better stay inside.18.这突如其来的大雨导致了这次停电。The sudden heavy rain led to the power cut.19.她用手把脸蒙起来。She covered her face with hands.20.我们喜欢在安静的河流边聊天. We like chatting by quiet rivers .【重点语法】动词及五种基本句型句子的基本组成部分为：主语（S），动词（V）和宾语（O）。动词可分为行为动词（也称实义动词）和系动词，在句中可用作谓语。根据这两类动词用作谓语时的不同特点，可以将英语句子概括为五种基本句型。连系动词：主要是指be动词，感官动词（look，sound，feel，smell，taste）和表示‘变，变成’的动词（become，get，grow，turn）行为动词：有实在的意义，可在句中独立作谓语，表示动作或状态。行为动词可分为及物动词和不及物动词。五种基本句型：1 主语+谓语（S+V）The birds sing.2 主语+谓语+宾语（S+V+O）I like autumn.3 主语+连系动词+表语（S+V+P）The days get longer in summer.4 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（S+V+IO+DO）My mother bought me a new scarf.5 主语+及物动词+直接宾语+宾语补足语（S+V+DO+OC）I saw them making a snowman in the forestUnit 7 Seasons 考点1 . cool（1）cool作形容词，意为“凉快的”。例如：The hall is nice and cool. 大厅既漂亮又凉爽。（2）cool作形容词，还意为“冷静的，沉着的”。例如：Be cool. Everything will be all right. 冷静一点,一切都会没问题的。（3）cool常用在口语方面，意为“很棒的，极好的”。例如：That singing star is really cool. 那位歌星实在很棒。Hey, that’s really cool. 嗨，那真好极了。(4) cool还可作动词，意为“使凉快；使冷却”。例如：The rain has cooled the air. 这雨使天气变得凉快了。【经典练】1．（2022秋·辽宁葫芦岛·八年级统考期中）After a long walk in the sun, they want to drink ________.A．cool something B．something cool C．cool anything D．nothing cool【答案】B【详解】句意：在太阳下走了很长一段路后，他们想喝点凉的东西。考查不定代词辨析和定语后置。something某事物，用于肯定句；anything任何事物，用于否定句和疑问句；nothing没有什么。根据“After a long walk in the sun, they want to drink ...”是肯定句可知，应用something；形容词修饰复合不定代词要置于其后。故选B。【写作佳句】If the trees keep on growing, they can be tall and large enough to block the sun out and cool the air.如果这些树继续生长，它们就可以长得又高又大，足以遮挡阳光，冷却空气。考点2. be full offull 作为形容词，意为“充满的，完全的”。 例如： Please tell me the full story.   请将全部情况告诉我。    The train is traveling at full speed.    火车正全速前进。 be full of   意为“充满……的”。例如： The room is full of young people. 房间里全是年轻人。【拓展】  fill表示“装满，填满”，可用作及物和不及物动词，通常与介词 with 连用。例如：Everything is filled with new life.   万物充满了生气。He filled the glass with water. 他把杯子装满了水。【经典练】1．If you read a lot, your life will be _______ pleasure.A．full of B．proud of C．similar to D．good with【答案】A【详解】句意：如果你多加阅读，你的生活将会充满乐趣。考查形容词短语。be full of充满；be proud of为……感到骄傲；be similar to与……相似；be good with擅于。根据“If you read a lot, your life will be...pleasure.”可知，多阅读，生活将会充满乐趣。故选A。【写作佳句】Exercise more in your daily life, and you’ll be full of energy. 在日常生活中多锻炼，你就会精力充沛。考点3. findfind out意为“找到，发现，查明”，多指通过调查、询问、打听、研究之后“弄明白”。通常含有“经过困难、曲折”之后才找出难以找到的东西。例如： Please find out when the train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离站。【拓展】 (1) find是动词，意为“找到”，通常指找到或发现具体的东西，强调的是找的结果。例如：He didn’t find his book. 他没有找到他的书。 (2) look for意为“寻找”，是有目的地找，强调找的动作。例如：Jim is looking for his little dog. Jim正在找他的狗。【经典练】1．（2022秋·四川泸州·八年级统考期末）—Please help to ________ when Jill’s train will arrive at the train station.—OK. Her train will arrive at 3:00 p.m.A．look out B．hang out C．find out D．bring out【答案】C【详解】句意：——请帮忙查一下Jill的火车什么时候到火车站。——好的。她乘坐的火车下午三点到达。考查动词短语辨析。look out当心；hang out闲逛；find out查明；bring out使显露。根据“Her train will arrive at 3:00 p.m.”可知，要查一下火车什么时候到火车站，故选C。【写作佳句】（2022秋·福建厦门·八年级统考期中）The beach was so crowded that I spent some time finding my friends.海滩太拥挤了，以至于我花了一些时间去找我的朋友。考点4. memorymemory作名词，意为“记忆力；回忆”。例如：He has a poor memory after the car accident. 出车祸后，他的记忆力很差了。I have a pleasant memory of my childhood. 我对童年有美好的回忆。【拓展】memory的动词形式是memorize，意为“记住，背过”。例如：He can memorize the new words very quickly. 他能很快记住很多新的单词。【经典练】1．—Will you keep these old toys?—Of course. They hold the sweetest ________ about my childhood.A．gold B．memory C．silence D．research【答案】B【详解】句意：——你会保留这些旧玩具吗？ ——当然。它们是我童年最美好的回忆。考查名词辨析。gold黄金；memory记忆；silence沉默；research研究。根据“They hold the sweetest”可知，这里指是我童年最美好的回忆。故选B。【写作佳句】（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）I can’t forget the teachers and the university that I visited two years ago. They bring me many sweet memories.我不能忘记两年前我参观的老师和大学。它们给我带来了许多甜蜜的回忆。考点5. fallfall 常用作动词,它主要有以下几种意思：(1) 跌倒,倒下。例如：Danny fell in the snow. 丹妮摔倒在雪地里。(2) 掉下,落下。例如：The glass fell on the ground. 杯子掉在了地上。Tom fell off the bike and broke his arm. 汤姆从自行车掉下来折了胳膊。(3)表示气温,价格的“下降”。例如：The temperature has suddenly fallen. 温度突然下降。(4) fall 还可用作联系动词,意为“变得”,后常接形容词asleep, ill等作表语。例如：She fell ill as soon as she got to London. 她一到伦敦就生病了。He was just falling asleep when there was a knock at the door. 他刚要入睡,就有人敲门。(5)常用固定搭配及格言警句。例如：fall off 下降,跌落 fall behind落后,跟不上 Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。【经典练】1．（2022秋·江苏徐州·八年级统考期末）People in the UK say “autumn”, while the American word for it is “________”.A．fall B．truck C．yard D．movie【答案】A【详解】句意：英国人说“autumn”，而美国人说“fall”。考查名词辨析。fall秋天；truck卡车；yard院子；movie电影。根据“People in the UK say ‘autumn’ ”可知，autumn表示“秋天”。故选A。【写作佳句】（2020·山东菏泽·统考中考真题）If buildings fall down with people inside, the snake robots can help look for people under the buildings.如果建筑倒塌里面有人，蛇形机器人能够帮助在建筑楼下寻找人。考点6. drop（1）作不及物动词，意为“丢下，掉下，落下”。例如：The apple dropped from the tree to the ground.苹果从树上掉到地上。The ball dropped out of his hand. 球从他手里掉了下来。（2）作不及物动词，意为“下降，减弱”。例如：Prices dropped. 物价下跌了。The wind has dropped. 风势已减弱了。（3）作及物动词，意为“使掉下，使落下”。例如：Mary dropped the vase on the floor. 玛丽失手把花瓶掉在地板上。【拓展】（1）drop in /around探望，串门 例如：Please drop in to see us if you are in Bradford. 如果你到布拉福特，请顺便来看看我们。My sister dropped around last night. 昨晚我姐姐顺便来看了我。（2）drop in(顺便拜访)是不及物动词短语，其后不能接宾语。若语义上需要接宾语，根据情况可用on(针对人)或at(针对地方) 例如：She dropped in at his office. 她去了他的办公室找他。I thought I’d drop in on you while I was passing. 我曾想路过时就来看看你。【经典练】1．—What’s that sound upstairs?—Maybe someone has ________ a cup on the ground.A．dropped B．lost C．fallen D．broken【答案】A【详解】句意：——楼上是什么声音？——也许有人把杯子掉到了地上。考查动词辨析。 dropped掉下，落下；lost丢失；fallen跌倒；broken打破。根据“a cup on the ground”可知，此处考查drop sth. on the ground“把某物掉到地上”的用法，故选A。【写作佳句】（2021·江苏盐城·统考中考真题）Rainbows are produced when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky.当阳光穿过天空中的小水滴时，彩虹就产生了。考点7. change（1）change作动词，意为“改变”。change one’s life意为“改变某人的人生”，change one’s mind意为“改变某人的主意/想法”。 例如： That kind of work has changed his life. 那种工作改变了他的生活。 I don’t know why he changed his mind soon. 我不知道他为什么这么快改变了主意。 (2) change是行为动词，通常用副词修饰。例如： You have changed a lot since I saw you last year. 自从我去年见到你以来，你改变了许多。Tom changed jobs many times. 汤姆换了很多工作。 （3）change作名词，意为“变化，改变”。例如：Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. 自1978年以来中国发生了巨大的变化。They decided on a change in lifestyle. 他们决定改变生活方式。（4）表示“零钱、找头”，是不可数名词。例如：When you go shopping, and don’t forget your change.你购物时，不要忘记找给你的钱。I have no (small) change about me. 我身边没带零钱。【经典练】1．（2022秋·广东深圳·八年级校考期末）—Our motherland ________ a lot so far.—Yes. I hope it will be even ________.A．has changed; better B．changed; good C．has changed; well D．changed; better【答案】A【详解】句意：——到目前为止，我们的祖国发生了很大的变化。——是的。我希望情况会更好。考查时态及比较级。根据“so far”可知，句子应用现在完成时，排除B/D选项；第二空前有“even”修饰，此处应用比较级形式，故选A。【写作佳句】（2023·山东青岛·统考中考真题）My hometown has changed a lot since the subway was put into use.自从地铁投入使用以来，我的家乡改变了很多。考点8. rise（1）rise 是不及物动词,意为“上升，上涨”。例如：The sun has not yet risen. 太阳还没升起。 The population of the city has risen to five million. 城市人口已增加到五百万。（2）rise还表示“起立；起床”。例如：He rose and left the room. 他站起身走出屋去。I have to rise early tomorrow morning. 我明天必须早起。【拓展】（1）raise是及物动词，意为“举起,抬起”。例如：He raised his glass and said，“Your health, Carl.”他举起了杯子说道：“祝你健康,卡尔” 。If you want to ask a question, first raise your hand.如果你要问问题，请先举手。（2）raise还表示“招募，筹集”。例如： They are going to raise funds for the school buildings. 他们将为盖校舍筹集资金。The foolish prince raised an army against his father.那个愚蠢的王子招募军队反对他的父亲。（3）raise还表示“提高（音量、某种水平）”。例如：The ticket price was raised to 30 yuan. 票价上升到了30元。The speaker raised his voice so that we could hear him.演讲者提高了声音，以便我们都能听到。【经典练】1．—“Zombie ice” is melting (融化) as temperatures ________.—That’s terrible. It will finally ________ global sea level by at least 25.4 cm.A．rise; raise B．raise; rise C．rising; raise D．raising; rise【答案】A【详解】句意：——随着气温上升，“僵尸冰”正在融化。——那太糟糕了。它最终将使全球海平面至少上升25.4厘米。考查动词辨析。rise上升，不及物动词，通常指某物在没有外力情况下自己升高；raise升高，及物动词，指“外力”使某物上升。根据“temperatures”可知，第一空指温度上升，空后没有宾语，故应用rise作谓语，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，rise用原形；再根据“It will finally ... global sea level”可知，第二空指海平面升高，空后有宾语，应用raise，will后接动词原形。故选A。【写作佳句】（2021·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）We see some balloons rising into the air at the opening of our new library.在我们新图书馆的开馆仪式上，我们看到一些气球升到空中。考点9. a fewfew为形容词，意为“不多，很少”，只能与可数名词搭配，表示“几乎没有”，自身有否定含义。也常与不定冠词a组成词组a few，表示“有一点”，有肯定含义。例如：He has few friends. 他几乎没朋友。May I ask a few questions? 我可以问几个问题吗？。【拓展】few /a few; little/a little(1）few/a few只能用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定，意为“没有，几乎没有”；a few表示肯定，意为“有几个，有一些”。 例如：He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。 There are a few eggs in the basket. 篮子里有几个鸡蛋。 (2）little/a little只能用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定，意为“没有，几乎没有”；a little 表示肯定，意为“有一点，有一些”。 例如： There is little ink in my bottle, and can you give me a little ink? 我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？【经典练】1．（2022秋·福建厦门·八年级厦门外国语学校校考期中）In some schools, quite ________ students like English, but ________ of them can speak English well.A．little; a few B．a few; little C．a few; few【答案】C【详解】句意：在一些学校，相当多的学生喜欢英语，但他们中很少有人能说好英语。考查代词辨析。students是可数名词复数，用a few或few修饰，排除A；根据“of them...”可知此处指代少数学生，用few。故选C。【写作佳句】（2023·辽宁盘锦·统考中考真题）The class was over, but I still had a few questions to ask.课程结束了，但我还有几个问题要问。考点10. luckylucky作形容词，意为“幸运的”。例如：He is a lucky dog. 他是个幸运的家伙。【拓展】（1）luck是不可数名词，意为“运气, 好运, 幸运 ”。good luck to sb.表示“祝某人好运”，bad luck意为“倒霉”。例如：She had no luck finding a job. 她很不幸,找不到工作。I wish you luck =Good luck to you! 祝你好运! （2）luckily是副词，意为“幸运地,幸亏,侥幸”。例如： Luckily there was a doctor on the spot. 幸运的是现场有一位医生。（3）unlucky是lucky的反义词，意为 “不幸的”。例如： Some people think it is unlucky to look at a new moon through glass.有些人认为透过玻璃看新月是不吉利的。【经典练】1．（2022·西藏·统考中考真题）The harder you work, the ________ you will be.A．luckier B．lucky C．luckily D．luck【答案】A【详解】句意：你越努力，你就越幸运。考查比较级。luckier更幸运；lucky幸运的；luckily幸运地；luck运气。本句是“the+比较级，the+比较级”的结构，表示“越……，越……”。故选A。【写作佳句】（2018·新疆·中考真题）There was a a car accident on Xin Hua Road yesterday.Luckily, nobody was hurt..昨天在新华路有一场交通事故，幸运的是，没有人受伤。考点11. It’s the best time to do sth.It’s the best time to do sth.意为“做……的最佳时机”。例如： Spring is the best time to visit there. 春天是参观那里的最佳时机。 Today is the best time to go hiking. 今天是去远足的最佳时机。 It’s the best time to visit Summer Place in Beijing. 这是参观北京颐和园的最佳时间。考点12 busy12. Farmers are busy harvesting crops.（1）be busy doing sth. 意为“忙于做某事”。例如： We are busy cleaning the room. 我们正忙于清扫屋子。They were busy serving the day’s last buyers. 他们正忙着接待这天的最后一批顾客。（2）be busy with sth.也意为“忙于做某事”。 例如：My mother is busy with her work. 我的妈妈忙于她的工作。 The girls are as busy with their work as bees. 这些女孩子就跟蜜蜂一样忙着工作。【经典练】1．（2022秋·天津津南·八年级校考期中）I think my mother is much ________ than my father.A．busy B．very busy C．more busier D．busier【答案】D【详解】句意：我觉得我妈妈比我爸爸忙得多。考查形容词比较级。busy忙碌的，形容词；very busy非常忙碌；more busier（错误搭配）；busier更忙碌的，形容词比较级。根据“than”可知，“形容词比较级+than”表示一方超过或低于另一方的情况，空处需填形容词比较级，busier更忙碌的，形容词比较级，符合语境。故选D。【写作佳句】（2022·广西梧州·统考中考真题）John was busy with his homework last night.约翰昨晚忙于做作业。考点13 taste13. Ice cream tastes nice.句中的taste在此是系动词，意为“尝起来”，后面接形容词作表语。例如：The food tastes good. 食物尝起来很香。The chicken doesn’t taste good. 鸡肉尝起来不好。【拓展】　　(1) look，sound，smell，taste，feel这五个动词都与人的感觉有关，可称之为“感官”动词。这五个动词均可作系动词，后面接形容词作表语，说明主语所处的状态。其意思分别为“看/听/闻/尝/摸起来……”。除look之外，其它几个动词的主语往往是物，而不是人。例如：The old man looks very happy. 那个老人看起来很幸福。These flowers smell very sweet. 这些花闻起来很香。The tomatoes feel very soft. 这些西红柿摸起来很软。(2) look，sound，smell，taste，feel这些动词后面也可接介词like短语，like后面常用名词或代词。例如：Her idea sounds like fun. 她的主意听起来很有趣。The cat looks like a hat. 那只猫看起来像一顶帽子。【经典练】1．（2021秋·广东清远·八年级统考期末）The pizza _________ good. I’d like some more.A．turns B．sounds C．feels D．tastes【答案】D【详解】句意：披萨很好吃。我还想要一些。考查动词辨析。turn变成；sound听起来；feel感觉；taste尝起来。根据“The pizza”可知披萨是食物，应该尝起来好吃，故选D。2．（2023·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题）—What do you think of this cup of tea? —It ________ really great. I’d like another cup.A．sounds B．feels C．looks D．tastes【答案】D【详解】句意：——你觉得这杯茶怎么样？——味道很好。我想再来一杯。考查动词辨析。sound听起来；feel感觉；look看起来；taste尝起来。根据“What do you think of this cup of tea?”可知茶尝起来很好，故选D。【写作佳句】（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）Most people don’t like eating lemons because they taste sour.大多数人不喜欢吃柠檬，因为它们尝起来很酸。考点14. How’s the weather in Nanjing？此句型是用来询问天气的句型，类似的还有：What’s the weather like? 如果要询问某地的天气情况，常用What’s the weather like in…?或How’s the weather in…?其中介词in后跟表示地点的名词。对这些句型的回答常用“It is…”或“The weather is…”，is后跟描述天气状况的形容词或动词-ing形式，其中描述天气状况的形容词可以是warm; hot; cool; cold等表示冷暖的词，也可以是sunny; rainy; windy; cloudy; snowy等表示天气状况的词。例如： — What’s the weather like in Beijing today? 北京今天天气怎么样？ — It’s cloudy. / It’s cool. / It’s raining. 多云。/ 凉爽。/ 正在下雨。考点15 use15. We also make snowman and use carrots for their noses.（1）use作动词，意为“使用；运用”。 例如： As a student, you should learn how to use a dictionary. 作为学生，你应该学会如何使用词典。 （2）与for或as连用，构成短语use...for...，意为“用来做……；为了……而使用”， use...as...意为“作为……使用；用作……之意”。例如： Bamboo can be used for carrying water. 竹子可以用来运水。 The computer can be used as a tool.计算机可以被当作工具用。（3）use…to do…意为“用……去做……”。例如： I use a pen to write. 我用钢笔写字。Jenny is using a knife to cut meat. Jenny正用刀切肉。【拓展】　used to后跟动词原形，used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”，暗示现在已经不再做某事。 be/get/become used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”。例如： He used to be a quiet boy. 他过去是个安静的男孩。He came from the north, so he wasn’t used to living in the south.他来自北方，所以不习惯于住在南方。【经典练】1．（2021秋·北京东城·八年级统考期末）Chinese people usually _________ chopsticks to eat noodles.　　A．use B．are using C．will use D．used【答案】A【详解】句意：中国人通常用筷子吃面条。考查时态。根据“usually”和语境可知，此句讲述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语“Chinese people”为复数，谓语动词用原形use。故选A。【写作佳句】（2023·辽宁盘锦·统考中考真题）It is reported that 6G technology will be used widely in a short time.据报道，6G技术将在短时间内得到广泛应用。一．五种简单句主语是动作的发出者。表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。它在句首。We study in No.1 Middle School.（“谁”）The classroom is very clean. （“什么”）Three were absent.（数词作主语） To teach them English is my job. （不定式作主语）It is my job to teach them English.（注不定式作主语常用形式主语it句型）Eating too much is bad for your health.(动名词作主语）谓语说明主语“做什么”，“是什么”或“怎么样”。 谓语必须用动词，放在主语后面， 且主谓一致。His Parents are doctors. （系动词作谓语）She looks well.（系动词作谓语）We study hard.（实义动词作谓语）He can speak English. （情态动词和实义动词作谓语）宾语是动作、行为的对象，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么，在谓语之后She is playing the piano now.（名词作宾语）He often helps me.（代词作宾语）He likes to sleep in the open air.（不定式作宾语）We enjoy living in China.（动名词作宾语）表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”。 表语位于系动词后面。  You look happy.（形容词作表语）I am a teacher.（名词作表语）Everybody is here.（副词作表语）They are at home now.（介词短语作表语）My job is to teach them English.（不定式作表语） 定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。凡是有名词、代词的地方都可以有定语。 单个词作定语时，通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。 当定语修饰不定代词：nothing, anything, everything, something等时，定语在不定代词后面。 The black bike is mine. 主语部分(形容词作定语)What is your name? 表语(代词作定语)They made paper flowers. 宾语(名词作定语)The boys in the room are in Class Three Grade One.(介词短语作定语)I have something to do. (不定式作定语) 状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义，状语一般放在句末，但有的可以放在句首、句中。He did it carefully.（副词作状语）Without his help，we couldn't work it out. （介词短语作状语）（In order） to catch up with my classmates， I must study hard.（不定式作目的状语）1. 句型 一：主谓结构 （谓语动词是不及物动词vi.S+V） 动词分及物动词和不及物动词：谓语动词都能表达完整的意思,这类动词叫做不及物动词不及物动词: sleep睡觉 walk步行 swim 游泳 happen发生come来 work 工作 laugh 笑如：1. We come. 2. The sun rises. 3. He runs in the park.注意 有些不及物动词后面加上介词就可把它看成一个及物动词，后面就可以加宾语了。You must listen to me.2. 基本句型 二： Ｓ + Ｖ系 + Ｐ （主＋系＋表）此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。如：1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary.2. The dinner │smells │good.3. He │is growing │tall and strong.     系动词主要是起到连系主语和表语的作用。可分四类：1. 表 “是 ” 如：be“是”(am, is, are, was, were)2.表 “感觉” 如：look看起来feel感到，sound听起来，smell闻起来，seem 似乎3. 表 “变” 如：get变得, turn变得, grow变得，go变得, come变得, become 成为4. 表 “保持” 如：keep保持, stay保持 常用连系动词的用法： ① 变成,变得：become, come, fall, get, go, grow, run, turn 口诀：好是come，坏是go; 天气、外貌慢慢grow; 流水、金钱缓缓run; 颜色、天气大不同turn；get / become口语化，如果要说就用它. ② 保持某种状态： keep, lie, remain, stand , stay.③ 看起来，好像：appear, look, seem. ④ 感官动词：feel, smell, sound, taste. 注意：There be 结构： There be 表示‘存在有’。这里的there没有实际意义，不可与 副词“there那里”混淆。此结构后跟名词，表示“（存在）有某事物”。 试比较： There is a boy there.（那儿有一个男孩。） 前一个there无实义，后一个there为副词‘那里’ 3. 基本句型 三： Ｓ + Ｖt + Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）   此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作， 但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。如：1. Who │knows │the answer? 2. He │admits │that he was mistaken4. 基本句型 四： Ｓ + Ｖt + IO + DO （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 有些及物动词可以有两个宾语, 这两个宾语通常一个指人 (间宾)；一个指物 (直宾)eg：give / pass / bring / showGive me a cup of tea please.Pass our English teacher the book./ Bring it to me, please. 1.She │ordered │herself │a new dress. 2. He │brought │you │a dictionary. A：动词后加to give 给 show给……看 send寄，打电报 bring带…… read读…… pass递给…… lend借给…… leave留给…… hand交给…… tell告诉…… return把……还给… write给……写信 throw扔…… promise答应…… refuse 拒绝 B：动词后加for make生产，制造…… buy买 do做 get得到 play演奏 order命令 sing唱歌 5. 基本句型 五：Ｓ + Ｖt + Ｏ+ ＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。 宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。The war made him a soldier. （名词） New methods make the job easy .（形容词）I often find him at work . （介词短语）The teacher asks the students to close the windows. （不定式）I saw a cat running across the road. （现在分词） Our teacher found the windows closed. （过去分词） 二、写作主题：季节与气候一、话题分析本单元的话题是“季节与气候”，要求学生能简单介绍一年四季或者某个季节，本单元写作要求同学们能根据相关信息提示简单地介绍季节与气候。内容包括特定季节的时间、气候、日常活动以及给人带来的感受等。在具体的写作中，学生应做到以下几点：1. 能用含有-y的形容词介绍某个季节的天气；2. 能用丰富的动词和句式结构描述季节特有的活动；3. 能正确使用标点符号；4. 能正确书写英语句子。二、写作步骤步骤一：确定介绍季节与气候的内容和顺序。步骤二：列举介绍季节与气候的句型，多多益善。步骤三：成段成篇，修改完善。三、词汇积累1 look cool 看起来很酷2 the rest time to do sth. 做某事的最好时间3 in summer 在夏天4 go swimming 去游泳5 be full of 充满……6 forget to grow 忘记了生长7 fly far away 飞往远方8 play among flowers 在花丛中玩9 turn brown 变黄10 rhyme with 与……押韵11 on a hot summer afternoon 在一个炎热的夏天下午12 drop below… 下降到……以下13 the lowest temperature 最低温度14 stay above zero 在零度以上15 a bit 有一点四、句型积累1 I bet you’ll look cool and feel cool with nothing on! 我赌你什么都不穿看起来会很酷并感觉很凉爽。2 It’s the best time to play footfall outside. 它是户外踢足球的最佳时机。3 The days of spring are windy and bright. 春天是风和日丽的时节。4 What a perfect time to fly a kite! 是放风筝的绝佳时机！5 How do people feel on a hot summer afternoon? 在炎热的夏天下午，人们感觉如何呢？6 This is Aunt Jane speaking. 我是简阿姨。7 The temperature is usually below zero and it is often snowy. 这里的气温通常在零度以下，并且经常有大雪。8 It is exciting to have big snowball fights. 打一场雪仗是很令人兴奋的。典例：根据以下提示，写一篇短文介绍一下中国的气候（climate）。1.中国的气候类型很多；2.在南部，夏季和冬季的气温变化很小；3.北方的气温则大不相同；夏季穿的衣服很少，冬季要穿厚重的羊毛衣服或毛皮大衣；4.西南地区冬季气温温和，而夏季则十分炎热；5.东部地区夏季炎热、冬季还冷、春天温暖宜人、秋季凉爽。要求：语言流畅、条理清晰，词数不少于70。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】China has many different kinds of climate. In the southern part of China, the temperature changes very little between summer and winter. But the temperature in the northern part is quite different. In those areas, people wear light clothes during summer, and they need heavy wool or fur clothing in winter.In the southwest, the climate is warm during the winter, but the summer is very hot.In the eastern part of China, temperature in summer is very different from that in winter. Summers are usually hot, and winters are usually cold. Springs are comfortably warm, and autumns are pleasantly cool.【详解】1.题干解读：该题目属于说明文写作，但写作时要按题目给出的提示信息，第一段总述中国的气候特点以及描述南北方气候特点差别；第二段描述中国西南部气候特点；最后一段描述中国东部气候特点。2.写作指导：本文时态采用一般现在时为主，描述中国各地区气候特点；按照提示信息，作文涵盖全部内容，需要叙述完整，保证条理清晰。Unit 7 Seasons 一．重点词组赏析Unit7核心话题谈论四季重点词汇temperature, drop, rise, rainy, snowy, shower, kick, fever, cough, awful, snowstorm, around, rest, degree, bit, blow, loud, ring, cause, snowball, fight, land, throw, snowman, everywhere, cloud, shine, deep 重点短语1．be full of snow 满是雪2．forget to grow 忘记了生长3．fly far away 飞远了4. find a warm and sunny day寻找一个温暖的、阳光灿烂的日子5．play among flowers 在花丛中玩6．hide from 躲避7．an awful day 糟糕的一天8. around 9℃ during the day白天约9摄氏度9. the rest of the week本周剩下的时间10. the highest/lowest temperature最高／低温度11. cover their faces with scarves用围巾遮住他们的脸12．the sudden heavy rain 突然的大雨13．have snowball fights 打雪仗14．make snowmen 堆雪人重点句型1. Bring me my clothes, Hobo. 霍波，把我的衣服拿来。2. I bet you’ll look cool and feel cool with nothing on! 我敢说你什么也不穿是最酷的！3. It’s the best time to play football outside. 这是在外面踢足球的最好时间。4. We throw snowballs at each other, screaming and laughing.我们互相扔雪球，尖叫着、大笑着。5. I had a high fever and coughed a lot, so Mum took me to the hospital. 我发高烧，咳嗽得厉害，所以妈妈带我去了医院。6. Snowstorms from the north will arrive in the late afternoon.来自北方的暴风雪将在下午晚些时候到达。语法五种简单句写作“季节与气候”1.喜欢打雪仗 like snowball fights 2. 降到零下十度 drop to -10°C3. 一年里最好的季节the best season of year 4. 几场阵雨 a few showers5. 在每年的这段时间里during this time of year 6. 在下午晚些时候 in the late afternoon7. 用围巾盖住她的脸cover her face with a scarf 8. 保持在零度以上stay above zero9．到处都是雪be full of snow 10．躲避……be full of snow11．收割庄稼harvest crops 12．降到零度以下 drop below zero13．覆盖整个大地cover the whole earth 14．为我做早饭 make breakfast for me15．从早到晚from morning till night 16．患重感冒catch fl bad cold 17．发高烧have a high fever 18．把我带到医院去 take me to the hospital19．忙着做某事be busy doing sth 20．一年中的这个时候during this time of year21．导致许多问题cause a lot of problems 22．有幸做某事 be lucky to do sth．23．利于人们的健康be healthy for people 24．打雪仗 have snowball fights25．覆盖着厚厚的白雪be covered in deep white snow 26．彼此扔雪球throw snowballs at each other27．堆雪人make snowmen 28．在下雪天on snowy days29.来自北方的暴风雪a snowstorm from the North 30. 在他三十多岁 in his thirties31.落成堆 fall into piles 32. 从早到晚 from morning till night33, 用枝条搭帐篷put up a tent with sticks 34. 变黄 turn yellow35.快速上升raise quickly 36. 进行短途旅行have a short trip37.和我们呆在一起stay with us 38. 花间嬉戏 play among flowers39.放风筝的极好时间a perfect time to fly kites 40.在这个季节期间 during the season二、重点句型赏析 1.哪个季节是一年中最好的季节? Which is the best season of the year?2．突然到来的暴雨引发了许多问题。The sudden heavy rain caused many problems.3.我不得不说得再大声点因为风正刮得厉害。I had to speak louder because the wind was blowing hard. 4.明天将又是美丽、炎热的一天，气温在30多度。It will be a beautiful,hot day again tomorrow,with temperatures in the thirties．5.来自北方的暴风雪将在明天下午较晚时到达。Snowstorms from the north will arrive in the late tomorrow afternoon．6. 在这个季节，人们最喜欢做什么活动呢？What activity do people enjoy doing most?7.我们互相扔雪球，叫着，笑着。We threw snowballs at each other, screaming and laughing.8. 在冰灯节，到处都有漂亮的冰灯。There are beautiful ice lanterns everywhere at Ice Festival.9. 打雪仗堆雪人是令人兴奋的。It is exciting to have snowball fights and make snowmen.10. 所有一切都被覆盖在深深的白雪之中。Everything is covered in deep white snow.11.明天温度会降十度。The temperature will drop ten degrees tomorrow.12.每年春天，我们在苏州周边进行一次短途游。We have a short time trip around Suzhou every spring.13.今天有点阵雨。 There are a few showers today.14.孩子们正忙着堆雪人打雪仗。Children are busy making snowmen and having snowball fights.15.昨天有点冷，我发了高烧。 It was a bit cold yesterday and I had a high fever.16.南京在雪天看起来更美。 Nanjing looks more beautiful on snowy days.17.风刮的很大，我们最好待在室内。The wind is blowing hard and we’d better stay inside.18.这突如其来的大雨导致了这次停电。The sudden heavy rain led to the power cut.19.她用手把脸蒙起来。She covered her face with hands.20.我们喜欢在安静的河流边聊天. We like chatting by quiet rivers .【重点语法】动词及五种基本句型句子的基本组成部分为：主语（S），动词（V）和宾语（O）。动词可分为行为动词（也称实义动词）和系动词，在句中可用作谓语。根据这两类动词用作谓语时的不同特点，可以将英语句子概括为五种基本句型。连系动词：主要是指be动词，感官动词（look，sound，feel，smell，taste）和表示‘变，变成’的动词（become，get，grow，turn）行为动词：有实在的意义，可在句中独立作谓语，表示动作或状态。行为动词可分为及物动词和不及物动词。五种基本句型：1 主语+谓语（S+V）The birds sing.2 主语+谓语+宾语（S+V+O）I like autumn.3 主语+连系动词+表语（S+V+P）The days get longer in summer.4 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（S+V+IO+DO）My mother bought me a new scarf.5 主语+及物动词+直接宾语+宾语补足语（S+V+DO+OC）I saw them making a snowman in the forest.