外研版 (2019)Unit 5 Into the unknown优秀精练

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（练习解析版）
I：单词拼写
The first ________ (卷，册) f his autbigraphy is bund in bright-clured clth.
【答案】vlume
Hw can such a ________ (物质) have an effect n the human bdy?
【答案】substance
Their regular and standardized shapes wuld have made them easy t ________ (堆起，摞起) and stre. f cards.
【答案】stack
These are nt similar r ________ (等同的，等值的) t what happens when man ages.
【答案】 equivalent
The prpsed new structure is ________ (值得注意的) nt nly fr its height, but fr its shape.
【答案】 ntable
Recent ________ (考古的) evidence suggests that Chinese farmers cnccted an alchlic brew f rice, hney and grape 9000 years ag.
【答案】archaelgical
________ (钻探) will cntinue n the site t assess the dimensins f the new ilfield.
【答案】Drilling
I'm helping t d research n the ________ (珊瑚) and the fish that live arund the reefs.
【答案】cral
Researchers have discvered a ptential new species f fishes near the ________ (海沟) .
【答案】trench
The nly survivr f a ________ (沉船) was washed up n a small, uninhabited island.
【答案】shipwreck
II：单句语法填空
It’s said that the fancy ship will set sail __________ New Orleans tmrrw.
【答案】fr
【解析】短语set sail fr sw意为“启航去某地”。
________ (lie) under waters acrss the glbe are an estimated three millin shipwrecks.
【答案】Lying
【解析】本句采用全倒装：分词+ be+ 主语。正常语序为: An estimated three millin shipwrecks are lying under waters acrss the glbe.
Yu knw that studying six cnsecutive hurs is nt equivalent t ________ (study) ne hur a day fr six days.
【答案】studying
【解析】结构“be equivalent t sth/ding sth ”中t 作介词，短语意为“与...同等”。
_________ (give) ur limited knwledge, it is perhaps n surprise that explratin f the ceans cntinues t lead t discveries in varius scientific fields.
【答案】Given
【解析】本语境中，given作为介词，意为“考虑到...”.
________ with any technlgy, nt all uses f AI will be fr the better.
【答案】As
【解析】固定短语as with...意为“与一样”，本句意为“与任何技术一样，并非所有人工智能的使用都是有益的。”
In the waters, ver 200 meters deep, _______ light cannt reach, are extrardinary creatures that appear as if they are straight ut f science fictin.
【答案】where
【解析】where引导非限定性定语从句，解释说明先行词the waters。先行词在从句充当其地点状语。
There is still life __________(find) in future, even arund the deep-sea vlcanic penings.
【答案】t be fund
【解析】本语境中，所给动词find与 life构成被动关系，而且动作在将来发生，故使用不定式被动结构短语作后置定语修饰life。
The research cnducted by these vessels is giving scientists a greater understanding f _______ the sea bed was frmed.
【答案】hw
【解析】hw引导宾语从句充当介词f的宾语，hw the sea was frmed 意为“海床是怎么样形成的”。
Mst ntable f these is China’s discvery f an ice-like substance, knwn ________ “fire ice”.
【答案】as
【解析】过去分词短语knwn as “fire ice”作后置定语，修饰substance; 短语be knwn as在本语境中意为“被称之为”。
China’s underwater vessels, such as the Jialng and Shenhai Yugshi, have been explring waters ______ depths f thusands f meters.
【答案】at
【解析】固定搭配at depths f 意为“在深度为的地方”。
III. 语法填空
Lying under waters acrss the glbe are an estimated three millin shipwrecks. All f them represent attempts ver the centuries t explre Earth’s further crners. Amng these ___1___ (be) the Esmeralda, the earliest wreck frm the age f the Eurpean explratin f Asia. Tday, sme 500 years after the Esmeralda set sail, there is little-- if any--land n ur planet ___2___ (leave) unexplred. We have mre detailed maps f the Mn, and even f Venus and Mars, ___3___ we d f Earth’s wn sea bed.
Given ur limited knwledge, it is perhaps n surprise ___4___ explratin f the ceans cntinues t lead t discveries in varius scientific fields. As ___5___ the discvery f the Esmeralda, many archaelgical finds ___6____ (make) in shallw waters near the cast. These may include whle cities buried beneath the waves. One such find is the ancient Rman city f Neaplis, discvered ff the cast f Tunisia. ____7___ (believe) t have been buried underwater by a tsunami in the furth century AD, the ruins f Neaplis are almst 2000 years ld. The ____8___ (remain) streets and buildings ffer a windw int a fascinating perid in ur histry. Hwever, we are nly beginning t vercme the challenges f pressure, ____9____ (dark) and extreme cld at vast depths. ____10_____ (fragment) f the past lying deep beneath the ceans are still waiting t be discvered.
【答案】
IV. 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Chinese scientists applied a specially develped new technlgy t laser-ranging (激光测距) telescpes, which enabled them t identify space waste mre effectively than previus techniques, accrding t a study published in the Jurnal f Laser Applicatins. “After imprving the pinting accuracy f the telescpe thrugh a neural (神经的) netwrk , space debris (碎片) with a crss sectinal area f ne square meter ( 10 square feet) and a distance f 1 ,500 kilmeters (932 miles ) can be identified," Tianming Ma, an authr f the study frm the Chinese Academy f Surveying and Mapping, Beijing and Lianing Technical University, Fuxin, said in a statement.
Debris can include nn-functinal spacecraft, abandned launch vehicle stages, and ther missin-related space waste. It is very dangerus fr astrnauts and spacecraft in rbit abve the Earth as they travel very fast — up t 18,000 miles per hur. Wrryingly, there are prbably many millins f tiny debris pieces in lw-Earth rbit, and tens f thusands larger than a sftball, NASA said. Frtunately, there have been surprisingly few cllisins.
Laser-ranging technlgy has previusly been used t find space waste. Hwever, these systems have their limitatins when it cmes t accurately identifying small, fast-mving pieces. In fact, previus laser-ranging methds have nly been accurate t within abut 0. 6miles.
In an attempt t vercme the inaccuracies in laser-ranging techniques, the Chinese team used s-called neural netwrks t imprve the effectiveness f their telescpe system. Neural netwrks are cmputing systems which are inspired by bilgical netwrks in the brain. They can learn t becme better at tasks withut being given a specific set f rules t fllw. Ma and his team tested this methd against mre traditinal techniques at the Beijing Fangshen laser range telescpe statin. Accrding t the team, this is the first time that neural netwrk has been used t significantly imprve the pinting accuracy f a laser-ranging telescpe. They say that the latest findings culd have significant meaning fr guiding spacecraft in rbit.
1. What are laser-ranging telescpes designed t d?
A. Set up a neural netwrk in space. B. Find ut the precise psitin f space waste.
C. Help the telescpes wrk mre accurately. D. Cnfirm the amunt and size f space waste.
2. Which can be regarded as space debris accrding t the text?
A. Useless man-made bjects in space.B. Fast-travelling sftballs.
C. Launch vehicle stages in lw-Earth rbit.D. Satellites mving t fast.
3. What can be used t describe the functin f neural netwrks?
A. Rule fllwers.B. Bilgical cmputing.
C. Machine learning.D. Spacecraft guidance
4. What can be the best title f the text?
A. New Technlgy Used t Find Space Waste
B. The First Telescpe t Handle Space Debris
C. An Inventin fr Astrnauts and Spacecraft
D. The Substitute fr Laser-ranging Telescpes
【答案】1--4. B A C A
【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了中国科学家在激光测距望远镜上应用了新技术，从而能更有效地识别太空垃圾。
【1】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Chinese scientists applied a specially develped new technlgy t laser-ranging (激光测距) telescpes, which enabled them t identify space waste mre effectively than previus techniques(中国科学家将一种特别开发的新技术应用于激光测距望远镜，使他们能够比以前的技术更有效地识别太空垃圾)”和第三段中的“Laser ranging technlgy has previusly been used t find space waste(激光测距技术以前曾被用于寻找太空垃圾)”可知，激光测距望远镜被用来识别和确定太空垃圾的位置，这种新技术让太空垃圾的识别和位置确定更为精确。故答案选B。
【2】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Debris can include nn-functinal spacecraft, abandned launch vehicle stages, and ther missin-related space waste.(太空碎片包括不运转的航天器、废弃的运载火箭段和其他与太空任务相关的太空垃圾)”可知，由此可知，太空中无用的人造物体也是太空碎片。故答案选A。
【3】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Neural netwrks are cmputing systems which are inspired by bilgical netwrks in the brain. They can learn t becme better at tasks withut being given a specific set f rules t fllw.(神经网络是受大脑生物网络启发的数据处理系统，它们可以在不被给予特定规则的情况下学会更好地完成任务)”可推知，神经网络具有“机器学习”的功能。故答案选C。
【4】主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Chinese scientists applied a specially develped new technlgy t laser-ranging (激光测距) telescpes, which enabled them t identify space waste mre effectively than previus techniques(中国科学家将一种特别开发的新技术应用于激光测距望远镜，使他们能够比以前的技术更有效地识别太空垃圾)”以及下文的介绍可知，文章主要介绍了中国科学家使用新技术使得激光测距望远镜能更有效地识别太空垃圾。因此推断A项“用来寻找空间浪费的新技术”为最佳标题。故答案为A。
V. 书面表达
公元四世纪之后，举世闻名的楼兰古城突然销声匿迹，一直引发人们的猜测。请根据提示写一篇英语短文。
1. 曾经是绿洲，众多商队在此暂时休憩；它在古代丝绸之路上占有极为重要的地位。
2. 有人认为是楼兰人乱砍滥伐所致；
3. 科学家认为给楼兰人最后一击的是瘟疫。
参考词汇：asis 绿洲； caravan 商队； plague 瘟疫
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【参考答案】
One pssible versin:
After the 4th century, the wrld-famus ancient city f Lulan suddenly disappeared. It was nce an asis where many caravans wuld rest fr relaxatin and energy supplies. It played a vital rle n the ancient silk rad.
Sme peple think that Lulan lcals themselves blindly cut dwn tress, leading t sandstrm, river diversin ad abnrmal weather. As a result, the kingdm was eventually destryed.
Hwever, scientists hld the view that the Lulan peple were finally struck by the plague, which is a terrible disease. In the face f a disturbing disease, Lulan peple chse t flee frm their hmetwn. 1 is
2 left
3 than
4 that
5 with
6 are made
7 Believed
8 remaining
9 darkness
10 fragments