初中英语外研版（2024）九年级上册Unit 3 Language in use学案设计

这是一份初中英语外研版（2024）九年级上册Unit 3 Language in use学案设计，共23页。学案主要包含了特殊情况等内容，欢迎下载使用。
知识精讲
上一模块我们学习了定语从句的相关概念，并重点学习和练习了that引导的定语从句。本模块重点学习which和wh引导的定语从句。
wh引导的定语从句
如果先行词指人，定语从句的引导词可以用wh，wh在从句中做主语。
He’s the by wh wn the pht cmpetitin last year.
他就是去年赢得摄影比赛的那个男孩儿。
【拓展】whm和whse
如果先行词指人，引导词在定语从句中做宾语，那么就用wh的宾格whm。
如果先行词指人，引导词在定语从句中做定语，那么就用wh的所有格whse。

Jhn is the by legs were badly hurt in the accident. （天津市2011）
A. whse B. that C. wh D. which
which引导的定语从句
如果先行词指物，可用which或that引导。两个词在从句中可作主语，也可作宾语。
The pht which we liked best was taken by Zha Min. 我最喜欢的照片是由赵敏拍的。
引导词只能用which的情况
（1）关系代词前有介词。This is the huse in which we lived last year.
（2）先行词本身是that。The clck is that which I bught yesterday.
（3）非限制性定语从句。His English, which used t be very pr, is nw excellent.
The htel in we stayed last week is right n Bndi Beach.
A. thatB. whichC. whD. whm
定语从句中引导词的省略
不管定语从句修饰的先行词是人还是物，如果引导词在从句中作宾语，引导词可以省略。不过在正式文体中，引导词不省略。但是引导词在从句中作主语时就不能省略。
—What are yu ding?
—I'm reading the nvel ______ yu lent me yesterday.
A. whatB. whC. whenD. /
定语从句的时态问题
定语从句的时态一般不受主句的影响，根据从句所在具体的语境和意义而定。
例如：
The headmaster wh made a speech yesterday is frm Peking University.
昨天做演讲的校长来自北京大学。（主句一般现在时，从句一般过去时）
The headmaster wh is making a speech nw is frm Peking University.
现在正在演讲的校长来自北京大学。(主句一般现在时，从句现在进行时)
The headmaster wh will make a speech tmrrw is frm Peking University.
明天要来演讲的校长来自北京大学。（主句一般现在时，从句一般将来时）
定语从句的主谓一致问题
一般来说，关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致。所以一定要找准先行词，先行词的单复数决定从句谓语动词的形式。
注意：先行词和引导词并不总是紧挨着，关系代词前面的词不一定是先行词。
Dad cares much abut the pr in the villages ______ in need f fd and educatin.
A. which isB. wh isC. which areD. wh are
【特殊情况】
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① 先行词是ne f+可数名词复数时，关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式。（此时真正的先行词是f后面的可数名词复数）
She is ne f the girls wh lve dancing. 她是热爱舞蹈的女孩其中之一。
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② 先行词是the nly ne f +可数名词复数时，关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。（此时真正的先行词是the nly ne，是单数）
He is the nly ne f the bys that likes playing the drums.
他是男孩子里唯一一个喜欢敲鼓的。
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③ ne f which 在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。（主语是ne）
There are many kinds f energy, ne f which is il.
有许多种能源，其中之一是石油。
(2020·北京市·单元测试)He is ne f the bys wh ________t Beijing befre.
A. has beenB. has gneC. have beenD. have gne
同步练习
语法专练- which、wh引导的定语从句
（共50道单项选择题）
题组A 基础过关练
The shp ______ sells flwers is at the end f the street.
A. whB. whereC. whichD. when
This is the bk ______ tells many English stries.
A. whatB. whichC. whD. whm
She ften parks her car near the huse ______ she can easily get t.
A. whereB. whC. whichD. what
Our teacher tld us a funny stry ______ made us laugh.
A. whenB. whichC. whD. whm
— Culd yu tell me ______ kind f mvies yu like best?
— Umm… I like the mvies ______ make me laugh.
A. what; whichB. what; whatC. which; whatD. which; where
My hmetwn is the place ______ hlds all my sweet memries.
A. whichB. whC. whatD. /
The shes ______ I bught yesterday cst me ten dllars.
A. whseB. whichC. whmD. wh
Yesterday Mr. Green went t his hmetwn and visited the ld huse ______ he was brn in.
A. whichB. whereC. whatD. it
It is the watch ______ yu gave me fr my birthday.
A. whichB. thisC. whatD. it
—D yu knw everybdy ______ came t the party?
—N, I dn't knw the ne ______ yu talk with just nw.
A. wh; /B. whse; thatC. that; whichD. /; whm
The stry ______ I read in the newspaper was abut a cmmn prblem amng teenagers.
A. whseB. whC. /D. where
D yu knw the by ______is playing ftball ver there?
A. whB. whichC. thatD. A and C
We're talking abut the pian and the pianist ______ were in the cncert ______ we attended last night.
A. which; thatB. that; whereC. /; thatD. that; /
Mr. Lee is the nly persn ________ can help us with ur math.
A. whB. thatC. whichD. when
—Can I meet yur headteacher, Mike?
​—Sure. The ne ________ wears a pair f glasses is my headteacher. Let's g and say hell t him.
A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whm
— Wh is the man ______ is talking t ur English teacher?
— Oh! It’s Mr. Baker, ur math teacher.
A. heB. thatC. whmD. which
—Yuan Lngping is a her ______ is knwn fr develping hybrid rice（杂交水稻）.
—Yes. He is a great man.
A. whichB. whmC. whatD. that
I am ne f the bys ______ never late fr schl.
A. that isB. wh areC. wh amD. wh is
We shuld learn frm thse ______ are ready t help thers.
A. whB. whmC. whseD. they
—D yu knw the by ______ is talking t Mr. Smith?
—Yes, he's my brther.
A. whatB. whichC. whseD. wh
The wman ______ is singing n TV is my English teacher.
A. whmB. whichC. whseD. wh
The wman ______ is the mst imprtant in my life is my mther.
A. whichB. whC. whmD. where
We dn't like peple ______ talk t much but never d anything.
A. whseB. whC. whenD. which
A true friend is a persn ______ reaches fr yur hand and tuches yur heart.
A. whmB. whseC. whD. which
He is a her ______ is knwn t millins f Chinese peple．
A. whB. whichC. whatD. he
It's time t say gdbye t my schl. I will remember the peple ________ have helped me.
A. whB. whatC. whichD. where
The girl ______ an English sng in the next rm nw is Tm's sister.
A. wh is singingB. is singingC. sangD. was singing
I will never frget the peple ______ helped me a lt during my hard time.
A. whichB. whC. whseD. whm
He is the man ______ bught the bks yesterday.
A. whB. whichC. whatD. where
—D yu knw the ld man ________ wears glasses n TV?
—Of curse. Heˈs Zhng Nanshan.
A. whB. whmC. whichD. /
题组B 能力提升练
Wh is the girl________ wearing a red dress.
A. whB. thatC. whmD. that’s
She is the ne f the girls wh ______ ften late fr schl in ur class.
A. isB. wasC. areD. were
They are the girls wh frm N. 1 middle schl.
A. isB. areC. cameD. cmes
He has a best friend wh the pian very well.
A. playB. playingC. playsD. played
This is the factry ______ I have wrked fr 7 years.
A. thatB. whenC. in whichD. what
I can't remember the place ______ I lived many years ag.
A. thatB. in whichC. whichD. /
The huse Lu Xun used t live is nw a museum.
A. whichB. thatC. in whichD. there
—D yu knw the by ______ Bb is talking with ver there?
—Yes, it's my cusin.
A. whenB. whseC. whmD. which
He fund the little girl ______ her parents were lking fr.
A. whichB. whseC. whereD. whm
—D yu knw the man ______ T-shirt is blue?
—Yes, I d. He is my Chinese teacher, Mr. Smith.
A. whB. thatC. whseD. which
—D yu like t travel?
—Yes. And I like t visit a place ______ histry is very lng.
A. thatB. whichC. whD. whse
I like the huse ______ windws face suth.
A. whseB. wh'sC. it'sD. its
—Is there anyne here ______ name is Betty?
—Srry, I dn't knw.
A. whB. whichC. whseD. whm
We're talking abut the pian and the pianist ______ were in the cncert ______ we attended last night.
A. which; thatB. that; whereC. /; thatD. that; /
The letter ______ I received frm him yesterday is very imprtant.
A. whB. /C. thatD. B & C
—D yu knw everybdy ______ came t the party?
—N, I dn't knw the ne ______ yu talk with just nw.
A. wh; /B. whse; thatC. that; whichD. /; whm
The stry ______ I read in the newspaper was abut a cmmn prblem amng teenagers.
A. whseB. whC. /D. where
I miss the ld village in ______ I live when I was a child.
A. whichB. whereC. thatD. t which
—What is the building with yellw rfs?
—It is the museum ______ we visited last year.
A. whereB. in whichC. whichD. in that
Bb ften helps the ld man ______ sn and daughter wrk far frm him.
A. whB. thatC. whmD. whse
Mdule 11 Phts
Unit 3 语法专项-which、wh引导的定语从句
知识精讲
上一模块我们学习了定语从句的相关概念，并重点学习和练习了that引导的定语从句。本模块重点学习which和wh引导的定语从句。
wh引导的定语从句
如果先行词指人，定语从句的引导词可以用wh，wh在从句中做主语。
He’s the by wh wn the pht cmpetitin last year.
他就是去年赢得摄影比赛的那个男孩儿。
【拓展】whm和whse
如果先行词指人，引导词在定语从句中做宾语，那么就用wh的宾格whm。
如果先行词指人，引导词在定语从句中做定语，那么就用wh的所有格whse。

Jhn is the by legs were badly hurt in the accident. （天津市2011）
A. whse B. that C. wh D. which
【答案】A
【解析】句意：Jhn是在事故中腿部严重受伤的那个男孩。所选项引导定语从句，修饰先行词the by，并在从句中作定语，故用whse。其余三项都不能作定语。
which引导的定语从句
如果先行词指物，可用which或that引导。两个词在从句中可作主语，也可作宾语。
The pht which we liked best was taken by Zha Min. 我最喜欢的照片是由赵敏拍的。
引导词只能用which的情况
（1）关系代词前有介词。This is the huse in which we lived last year.
（2）先行词本身是that。The clck is that which I bught yesterday.
（3）非限制性定语从句。His English, which used t be very pr, is nw excellent.
The htel in we stayed last week is right n Bndi Beach.
A. thatB. whichC. whD. whm
【答案】B
【解析】句意：上周我们住的旅馆正好位于邦迪海滩上。本句是定语从句，先行词htel是物，从句缺少宾语，所以用关系代词which或that引，又因为这个关系代词前面有介词in，只能用which。故选B。
定语从句中引导词的省略
不管定语从句修饰的先行词是人还是物，如果引导词在从句中作宾语，引导词可以省略。不过在正式文体中，引导词不省略。但是引导词在从句中作主语时就不能省略。
—What are yu ding?
—I'm reading the nvel ______ yu lent me yesterday.
A. whatB. whC. whenD. /
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你正在干什么？——我正在看你昨天借我的那本小说。分析句子结构，______ yu lent me yesterday是定语从句，先行词是the nvel，指物，在从句中作宾语，可用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，这两个引导词选项中都没有。再分析句子结构，引导词在定语从句中做谓语动词lent的宾语，所以可以省略，故选D。
定语从句的时态问题
定语从句的时态一般不受主句的影响，根据从句所在具体的语境和意义而定。
例如：
The headmaster wh made a speech yesterday is frm Peking University.
昨天做演讲的校长来自北京大学。（主句一般现在时，从句一般过去时）
The headmaster wh is making a speech nw is frm Peking University.
现在正在演讲的校长来自北京大学。(主句一般现在时，从句现在进行时)
The headmaster wh will make a speech tmrrw is frm Peking University.
明天要来演讲的校长来自北京大学。（主句一般现在时，从句一般将来时）
定语从句的主谓一致问题
一般来说，关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致。所以一定要找准先行词，先行词的单复数决定从句谓语动词的形式。
注意：先行词和引导词并不总是紧挨着，关系代词前面的词不一定是先行词。
Dad cares much abut the pr in the villages ______ in need f fd and educatin.
A. which isB. wh isC. which areD. wh are
【答案】D
【解析】句意：爸爸非常关心那些农村里需要食物和教育的穷人们。分析句子结构，______ in need f fd and educatin是定语从句，先行词是the pr，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或wh引导定语从句，排除AC；wh指代the pr，the+形容词表示某一类人，作主语时谓语be动词应用are。故选D。
【特殊情况】
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① 先行词是ne f+可数名词复数时，关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式。（此时真正的先行词是f后面的可数名词复数）
She is ne f the girls wh lve dancing. 她是热爱舞蹈的女孩其中之一。
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② 先行词是the nly ne f +可数名词复数时，关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。（此时真正的先行词是the nly ne，是单数）
He is the nly ne f the bys that likes playing the drums.
他是男孩子里唯一一个喜欢敲鼓的。
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③ ne f which 在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。（主语是ne）
There are many kinds f energy, ne f which is il.
有许多种能源，其中之一是石油。
(2020·北京市·单元测试)He is ne f the bys wh ________t Beijing befre.
A. has beenB. has gneC. have beenD. have gne
【答案】C
【解析】句意：他是以前去过北京的男孩之一。have gne表示去某地；have been表示去过某地；根据befre可知是去过，wh引导的是定语从句，由先行词bys是复数，所以定语从句谓语部分用have been。故选C。
同步练习
语法专练- which、wh引导的定语从句
（共50道单项选择题）
题组A 基础过关练
(2022·北京市市辖区·同步练习)The shp ______ sells flwers is at the end f the street.
A. whB. whereC. whichD. when
【答案】C
【解析】句意：那家卖鲜花的商店在街道的尽头。分析句子结构，______ sells flwers是定语从句，先行词是shp，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。故选C。
(2022·北京市市辖区·同步练习)This is the bk ______ tells many English stries.
A. whatB. whichC. whD. whm
【答案】B
【解析】定语从句的先行词bk指物，且在从句中作主语，故用which或that引导。故选B。
(2020·内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市·月考试卷)She ften parks her car near the huse ______ she can easily get t.
A. whereB. whC. whichD. what
【答案】C
【解析】句意：她经常把车停在她很容易就能到的房子附近。分析句子结构，______ she can easily get t是定语从句，先行词是huse，指物，且从句中缺少get t的宾语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故选C。
(2020·广西壮族自治区南宁市·历年真题)Our teacher tld us a funny stry ______ made us laugh.
A. whenB. whichC. whD. whm
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我们的老师讲了一个滑稽的故事，这个故事把我们逗笑了。分析句子结构，______ made us laugh是定语从句，先行词是stry，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。故选B。
(2021·四川省达州市·历年真题)— Culd yu tell me ______ kind f mvies yu like best?
— Umm… I like the mvies ______ make me laugh.
A. what; whichB. what; whatC. which; whatD. which; where
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我你最喜欢哪类电影吗？——呃，我喜欢能让我开怀大笑的电影。由Culd yu tell me kind f mvies yu like best?"可知是宾语从句，应填入what，与空后的kind f组成固定搭配，what kind f sth.某物的什么类型；再根据答句I like the mvies make me laugh.可知是一个定语从句，先行词为空前的名词mvies，用which来指代；符合这两个条件的只有A项。故选A。
(2021·江苏省无锡市·单元测试)My hmetwn is the place ______ hlds all my sweet memries.
A. whichB. whC. whatD. /
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我的家乡是承载我所有美好回忆的地方。分析句子结构，______ hlds all my sweet memries是定语从句，先行词是place，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。故选A。
(2020·四川省巴中市·历年真题)The shes ______ I bught yesterday cst me ten dllars.
A. whseB. whichC. whmD. wh
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我昨天买的鞋子花了我十美元。分析句子结构，______ I bught yesterday是定语从句，先行词是shes，指物，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。故选B。
(2021·全国·单元测试)Yesterday Mr. Green went t his hmetwn and visited the ld huse ______ he was brn in.
A. whichB. whereC. whatD. it
【答案】A
【解析】句意：昨天格林先生去了他的家乡，参观了他出生的老房子。分析句子结构，______ he was brn in是定语从句，先行词是huse，指物，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。故选A。
(2020·全国·单元测试)It is the watch ______ yu gave me fr my birthday.
A. whichB. thisC. whatD. it
【答案】A
【解析】句意：这就是你在我生日时送我的手表。分析句子结构，______ yu gave me fr my birthday是定语从句，先行词是watch，指物，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。故选A。
(2020·江苏省镇江市·同步练习)—D yu knw everybdy ______ came t the party?
—N, I dn't knw the ne ______ yu talk with just nw.
A. wh; /B. whse; thatC. that; whichD. /; whm
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你认识来参加聚会的每一个人吗？——不，我不认识刚才和你说话的那个人。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句，第一空，先行词everybdy是指人的不定代词，关系代词在从句中作主语，关系代词可以用wh或that；关系代词不能省略，排除了B和D答案。第二空，先行词ne是不定代词，关系代词在从句中做宾语，关系代词用that或whm，关系代词可以省去。结合选项，故选A。
(2021·广东省·专项测试)The stry ______ I read in the newspaper was abut a cmmn prblem amng teenagers.
A. whseB. whC. /D. where
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词stry指物，定语从句中缺少宾语，可用关系代词which或that引导，也可以省略关系词，故选C。
D yu knw the by ______is playing ftball ver there?
A. whB. whichC. thatD. A and C
【答案】D
【解析】句意：你知道在那儿踢足球的男孩是谁？该题为定语从句，先行词是the by。在定语从句中，从句的引导词由先行词而定。which指物，wh指人。that既指人又指物。所以wh与that都可以。故选D。
(2020·全国·单元测试)We're talking abut the pian and the pianist ______ were in the cncert ______ we attended last night.
A. which; thatB. that; whereC. /; thatD. that; /
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我们正在讨论昨天晚上看的演唱会上的钢琴和钢琴家。分析句子结构，______ were in the cncert是定语从句，先行词是the pian and the pianist，既指人又指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that，排除AC；______ we attended last night也是定语从句，先行词是cncert，指物，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，或不使用关系词引导。结合分析，故选D。
(2022·山东省·单元测试)Mr. Lee is the nly persn ________ can help us with ur math.
A. whB. thatC. whichD. when
【答案】B
【解析】句意：李先生是唯一能帮助我们学习数学的人。考查关系代词。wh是关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；that是关系代词，既可以指人又可以指物；which指代物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；when关系副词。由题干可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为persn，在定语从句中作主语，所以用wh或that引导，但先行词前面有the nly修饰，所以用that引导；故选B。
(2019·河南省郑州市·月考试卷)—Can I meet yur headteacher, Mike?
​—Sure. The ne ________ wears a pair f glasses is my headteacher. Let's g and say hell t him.
A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whm
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——麦克，我能见你们班主任吗？——当然。那个戴眼镜的人是我们班主任。我们去和他打招呼吧。the ne后为定语从句，先行词为the ne，指人。且从句缺主语，whm只能作宾语，根据选项，故选A。
(2019·广东省中山市·月考试卷)— Wh is the man ______ is talking t ur English teacher?
— Oh! It’s Mr. Baker, ur math teacher.
A. heB. thatC. whmD. which
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——正在和我们英语老师谈话的那个人是谁？——哦！是贝克先生，我们的数学老师。根据语境，此句应该是定语从句，先行词the man是人，又在定语从句中做主语，可以用that或wh来引导，选项中没有wh，所以用that。根据句意，故选B。
(2021·湖北省鄂州市·历年真题)—Yuan Lngping is a her ______ is knwn fr develping hybrid rice（杂交水稻）.
—Yes. He is a great man.
A. whichB. whmC. whatD. that
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——袁隆平是一个以培育杂交水稻而闻名的英雄。——是的。他是个伟大的人。分析句子结构，______ is knwn fr develping hybrid rice（杂交水稻）是定语从句，先行词是a her，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或wh引导定语从句。故选D。
(2022·广东省·同步练习)I am ne f the bys ______ never late fr schl.
A. that isB. wh areC. wh amD. wh is
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我是上学从不迟到的男孩之一。分析句子结构，______ never late fr schl是定语从句，先行词是the bys，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或wh引导定语从句，且谓语be动词的形式要和bys保持一致，应用are。故选B。
(2022·全国·同步练习)We shuld learn frm thse ______ are ready t help thers.
A. whB. whmC. whseD. they
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们应该向那些乐于助人的人学习。A.wh谁，主格；B.whm谁，宾格；C.whse谁的；D.they他们。结合句意可知，先行词thse指人，且在定语从句中作主语，应该用wh作关系代词，故选A。
(2022·北京市市辖区·同步练习)—D yu knw the by ______ is talking t Mr. Smith?
—Yes, he's my brther.
A. whatB. whichC. whseD. wh
【答案】D
【解析】分析句子结构可知，先行词the by指人，关系词在从句中作主语。故应用that或wh引导，故选D。
(2022·北京市市辖区·同步练习)The wman ______ is singing n TV is my English teacher.
A. whmB. whichC. whseD. wh
【答案】D
【解析】句意：正在电视上唱歌的那位女士是我的英语老师。先行词是The wman，指代的是人，且其在定语从句中作主语，所以只能用wh或that，故选D。
(2022·北京市市辖区·同步练习)The wman ______ is the mst imprtant in my life is my mther.
A. whichB. whC. whmD. where
【答案】B
【解析】定语从句的先行词The wman指人，且在从句中作主语，故用wh引导。
(2022·北京市市辖区·同步练习)We dn't like peple ______ talk t much but never d anything.
A. whseB. whC. whenD. which
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我们不喜欢说的太多但是什么都不做的人。分析句子结构，______ talk t much but never d anything是定语从句，先行词是peple，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或wh引导定语从句。故选B。
(2021·甘肃省平凉市·历年真题)A true friend is a persn ______ reaches fr yur hand and tuches yur heart.
A. whmB. whseC. whD. which
【答案】C
【解析】句意：真正的朋友是一个可以援手帮助并触动你心扉的人。分析句子结构，______ reaches fr yur hand and tuches yur heart是定语从句，先行词是a persn，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或wh引导定语从句。故选C。
(2022·全国·同步练习)He is a her ______ is knwn t millins f Chinese peple．
A. whB. whichC. whatD. he
【答案】A
【解析】句意：他是千百万中国人民所熟知的英雄。A.wh谁，用于人；B.which哪个，修饰物；C.what什么，修饰物；D.he他。根据He is a her ______ is knwn t millins f Chinese peple可知这是一个定语从句，先行词是her英雄，人，用wh来引导，故选A。
(2022·山东省·单元测试)It's time t say gdbye t my schl. I will remember the peple ________ have helped me.
A. whB. whatC. whichD. where
【答案】A
【解析】句意：到了跟我的学校说再见的时候了。我会记得那些帮助过我的人们。​​​​​考查关系代词。wh关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为人，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句；which引导定语从句，先行词是物；where关系副词，在从句中作状语。根据句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，修饰“the peple”，指人，且从句中缺少主语，故选A。
The girl ______ an English sng in the next rm nw is Tm's sister.
A. wh is singingB. is singingC. sangD. was singing
【答案】A
【解析】句意：正在隔壁房间唱英文歌曲的女孩是汤姆的姐姐。这句话的主干部分是The girl is Tm's sister，其余部分是the girl的定语从句。先行词是人，用wh引导，此处表示现在进行的动作用现在进行时，故选A。
(2021·吉林省长春市·历年真题)I will never frget the peple ______ helped me a lt during my hard time.
A. whichB. whC. whseD. whm
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我永远不会忘记那些在我困难的时候帮助过我的人。分析句子结构，______ helped me a lt during my hard time是定语从句，先行词是the peple，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或wh引导定语从句。故选B.
(2019·天津市市辖区·期末考试)He is the man ______ bught the bks yesterday.
A. whB. whichC. whatD. where
【答案】A
【解析】句意：他就是昨天买那些书的人。分析句子结构，______ bught the bks yesterday是定语从句，先行词是the man，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或wh引导定语从句。
(2021·全国·期末考试)—D yu knw the ld man ________ wears glasses n TV?
—Of curse. Heˈs Zhng Nanshan.
A. whB. whmC. whichD. /
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：——你认识电视上戴眼镜的那位老人吗？——当然。他是钟南山。问句中含有定语从句，先行词为the ld man，指人，关系词在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词wh引导定语从句，故选A。
题组B 能力提升练
(2019·内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市·月考试卷)Wh is the girl________ wearing a red dress.
A. whB. thatC. whmD. that’s
【答案】D
【解析】句意：那个穿着红色裙子的女孩是谁？此题考查定语从句的知识点。关系代词that、wh在从句中均可做主语、宾语、表语，而关系代词whm在从句中常作宾语或表语；题中the girl为先行词，且从句中缺少主语及be动词，故选D。
(2019·内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市·期末考试)She is the ne f the girls wh ______ ften late fr schl in ur class.
A. isB. wasC. areD. were
【答案】C
【解析】句意：她是我们班上学经常迟到的女孩之一。wh作定语从句的主语时，其谓语取决于先行词。 f the...复数名词+wh+复数谓动；句子是一般现在时，be动词用are，故选C。
(2019·天津市市辖区·期末考试)They are the girls wh frm N. 1 middle schl.
A. isB. areC. cameD. cmes
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析：句意：她们是来自一中的女孩。本句wh引导的是一定语从句，在从句中做主语，指代的是girls，根据主谓一致，排除AD两项，整个句子是一般现在时，故排除C项。故选B。 考点：句法——主谓一致
He has a best friend wh the pian very well.
A. playB. playingC. playsD. played
【答案】C
【解析】句意：他有一个弹钢琴弹得很好的朋友。根据句子结构可知，这是wh引导的定语从句，由语境可知从句用一般现在时，定语从句中谓语动词的单复数形式由先行词friend来决定，所以用第三人称单数形式，故选C。
(2020·广东省·单元测试)This is the factry ______ I have wrked fr 7 years.
A. thatB. whenC. in whichD. what
【答案】C
【解析】句意：这是我工作了七年的工厂。分析句子结构，______ I have wrked fr 7 years是定语从句，先行词是factry，指地点，在从句中作状语，应用in which或where引导定语从句。故选C。
(2020·安徽省·单元测试)I can't remember the place ______ I lived many years ag.
A. thatB. in whichC. whichD. /
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我记不起许多年前我住的地方了。分析句子结构，______ I lived many years ag是定语从句，先行词是place，指地点，在从句中作状语，因此要用in which或where引导定语从句。故选B。
(2020·山东省·单元测试)The huse Lu Xun used t live is nw a museum.
A. whichB. thatC. in whichD. there
【答案】C
【解析】句意：鲁迅以前住的房子现在是一座博物馆。分析句子结构， Lu Xun used t live是定语从句，先行词是huse；根据从句中的live可知，live in+地点，固定短语，因此此处要用关系代词which引导定语从句，作介词in的宾语。故选C。
(2022·全国·同步练习)—D yu knw the by ______ Bb is talking with ver there?
—Yes, it's my cusin.
A. whenB. whseC. whmD. which
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你认识和Bb在那儿聊天的那个男孩吗？——是的，他是我的堂兄。这是定语从句，the by是先行词，后面从句with后缺少宾语，所以应用关系代词。when是关系副词，指时间；whse置于名词前，在从句中作定语；whm指人，在从句中作宾语；which指物，在从句中做主语或宾语。由此可知应用whm。故选C。
(2019·广东省广州市·单元测试)He fund the little girl ______ her parents were lking fr.
A. whichB. whseC. whereD. whm
【答案】D
【解析】句意：他找到了小女孩，小女孩的父母也正在找她。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是the little girl，在从句中作lking fr的宾语，关系代词用whm，结合选项，故选D。
(2015·贵州省黔西南布依族苗族自治州·历年真题)—D yu knw the man ______ T-shirt is blue?
—Yes, I d. He is my Chinese teacher, Mr. Smith.
A. whB. thatC. whseD. which
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你认识那个穿蓝色衬衫的人吗？——是的，我认识。他是我的语文老师，史密斯先生。分析句子结构，______ T-shirt is bule是定语从句，先行词是man，指人，结合T-shirt可知，应用whse引导定语从句，在定语从句中作定语。故选C。
(2021·广东省·单元测试)—D yu like t travel?
—Yes. And I like t visit a place ______ histry is very lng.
A. thatB. whichC. whD. whse
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你喜欢旅游吗？——喜欢。我喜欢去有悠久历史的地方旅行。分析句子结构，______ histry is very lng是定语从句，先行词是place，结合histry可知，应用whse引导定语从句，在定语从句中作定语。故选D。
(2020·全国·单元测试)I like the huse ______ windws face suth.
A. whseB. wh'sC. it'sD. its
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我喜欢窗户朝南的房子。分析句子结构，______ windws face suth是定语从句，先行词是huse，结合windws可知，应用whse引导定语从句，在定语从句中作定语。故选A。
(2020·全国·单元测试)—Is there anyne here ______ name is Betty?
—Srry, I dn't knw.
A. whB. whichC. whseD. whm
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——这里有没有一位名叫贝蒂的？——不好意思，我不知道。分析句子结构，______ name is Betty是定语从句，先行词是anyne，结合name可知，应用whse引导定语从句，在定语从句中作定语。故选C。
(2020·全国·单元测试)We're talking abut the pian and the pianist ______ were in the cncert ______ we attended last night.
A. which; thatB. that; whereC. /; thatD. that; /
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我们正在讨论昨天晚上看的演唱会上的钢琴和钢琴家。分析句子结构，______ were in the cncert是定语从句，先行词是the pian and the pianist，既指人又指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that，排除AC；______ we attended last night也是定语从句，先行词是cncert，指物，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，或不使用关系词引导。结合分析，故选D。
(2022·广东省·同步练习)The letter ______ I received frm him yesterday is very imprtant.
A. whB. /C. thatD. B & C
【答案】D
【解析】先行词是the letter，是物，引导词用that、which都可以。又因为引导词在从句中做谓语动词received的宾语，故引导词也可省略。所以答案选D。
(2020·江苏省镇江市·同步练习)—D yu knw everybdy ______ came t the party?
—N, I dn't knw the ne ______ yu talk with just nw.
A. wh; /B. whse; thatC. that; whichD. /; whm
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你认识来参加聚会的每一个人吗？——不，我不认识刚才和你说话的那个人。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句，第一空，先行词everybdy是指人的不定代词，关系代词在从句中作主语，关系代词可以用wh或that；关系代词不能省略，排除了B和D答案。第二空，先行词ne是不定代词，关系代词在从句中做宾语，关系代词用that或whm，关系代词可以省去。结合选项，故选A。
(2021·广东省·专项测试)The stry ______ I read in the newspaper was abut a cmmn prblem amng teenagers.
A. whseB. whC. /D. where
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词stry指物，定语从句中缺少宾语，可用关系代词which或that引导，也可以省略关系词，故选C。
(2021·广东省·单元测试)I miss the ld village in ______ I live when I was a child.
A. whichB. whereC. thatD. t which
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我想念我小时候住的那个旧村庄。此句为带有定语从句的句子，先行词为village，村庄，表示物，连接词为which或that，但是当在介词之后时只能使用which。故选A。
(2021·广东省·单元测试)—What is the building with yellw rfs?
—It is the museum ______ we visited last year.
A. whereB. in whichC. whichD. in that
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——黄色屋顶的建筑物是什么？——是我们去年参观的博物馆。分析句子结构，______ we visited last year是定语从句，先行词是museum，指物，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。故选C。
(2020·安徽省六安市·月考试卷)Bb ften helps the ld man ______ sn and daughter wrk far frm him.
A. whB. thatC. whmD. whse
【答案】D
【解析】句意：鲍勃经常帮助那位老人，他的儿女都在离他很远的地方工作。分析句子结构，______ sn and daughter wrk far frm him是定语从句，先行词是man，结合sn and daughter可知，应用whse引导定语从句，在定语从句中作定语。故选D。