高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature课前预习ppt课件

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature课前预习ppt课件，共38页。PPT课件主要包含了本单元词汇梳理，decline，看图猜词义，减少下降，比refuse正式，趋势“下降”，“下降”别人的邀请，数量“下降”，谢绝拒绝 ，衰退衰落等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一词多义正式用语与非正式用语
characteristic
be + 形容词 + t结构
T realize the Chinese dream, we must stay n the path f scialism with Chinese characteristics.为实现中国梦，我们必须坚持中国特色社会主义道路。
■ n [C]［常用复数］特征；特色；特点：Anther unique human characteristic is that we walk upright. 2019 江苏key / persnal characteristics■ adj 特有的；典型的：Sunny, ht days are the characteristic weather f the summer mnths.
词源解读：character (特征，必修一 U3) + -istic (形容词后缀)
☆ character 指“性格”An unhappy childhd may have sme negative effects n a persn’s character; hwever, they are nt always permanent.☆ persnality 指“个性；人格”Peple’s clthes are ften an expressin f their persnalities.☆ characteristic 指“特征；特点”Tm was a teenager whse unusual characteristics, excellent memry and a gift fr strategy made him ideal t run an rganisatin.☆ nature 指“天性；本性”The lve f beauty is an essential part f all healthy human nature.
辨析character, persnality, characteristic, nature
借助精准的汉语释义辨析。
v vi 减少；下降：The number f turists t the resrt declined by 10% last year.  vi 衰退；衰落：Our brain can decline as we grw lder fr lts f reasns. 2020 浙江
decline 由“de-（向下）+ -cline（弯；转开） ”构成，词源义为“向下弯曲”，即“下降；降落”。
 vi & vt [正式用语]谢绝；拒绝 (refuse)：We ffered t give Sharn a ride hme, but she declined. 2020 天津Mary declined Jay’s invitatin t dinner. decline t d sth:In spite f many invitatins, he wuld always decline t visit Oxfrd. 2012 山东n [C] & [U] 减少；下降；衰退；衰落：the ecnmic decline There is a sharp decline in ppulatin.
decline 语义网络图
decline下降基本义
减少；下降；衰退；衰落
正式与非正式用语是指在特定的文体中使用不同语言。正式文体中通常使用正式用语，包括书面语、正式场合用语，如演讲、论文、报告、通知等。非正式文体中通常使用非正式用语，包括日常用语、随意场合用语，如家庭谈话、朋友交流等。区分正式与非正式用语对于学生书面表达和日常表达都有指导意义，能有效提升学生在不同场合下使用不同词语的能力。
正式 (frmal) 与非正式 (infrmal) 用语
illuminate
Teacher: Betty, yu made s many mistakes in yur exercises, surely yur mther will blame yu!Betty: Blame me fr them? Oh, n. On the cntrary, she is t blame, because it was she that did my hmewrk instead.
vt 责备；把……归咎于 t say r think that sb / sth is respnsible fr sth bad:Yu’ve failed t d what yu were expected t and I’m afraid the teacher will blame yu.2010 四川① blame sb / sth fr (ding) sth:While we can’t change the bdy type we are brn with, we can’t blame ur genes fr making us fat. 2014 重庆Once yu frm the habit f blaming smebdy r smething else fr a bad situatin, yu are a lser. 2010 广东
② blame sth n sb / sth:Plice are blaming the accident n dangerus driving. 【常见搭配】be t blame (fr sth)（对某事）负有责任：It’s all my fault. I’m t blame. Wh is t blame fr the fire? n [U]（对错误 / 坏事应负的）责任；责备 respnsibility fr a mistake r sth bad：take / bear the blame Where des the blame fr ur failure lie? Lts f peple find it hard t get up in the mrning, and put the blame n the alarm clck. 2017 全国
be respnsible fr
词源解读：de- (不、非) + -tect (t cver 掩盖) → 不再被掩盖 → 察觉、发现同根词prtect：pr- (befre 在……前面)+ tect (t cver 掩盖、掩护) → 在前面掩护 → 保护
vt 察觉；发现；侦查出：Many frms f cancer can be cured if detected early.【词汇拓展】detective n [C] 侦探：a detective stryprivate detective
注：rt 由植物等的“根”，衍生到问题的“根源 ”。
tree rts 树根
rt cause 根本原因
■ n [C] 根；根源；起源；词根：tree rtsMney is ften said t be the rt f all evil.After 20 years in America, he still feels his rts are in China.Mdern pp music has its rts in the flk sngs f black Americans.Wrds ften cme frm the same rt.■ vi & vt（使）生根；（使）扎根：With mther’s wrds deeply rted in my sul, I never dubted we wuld succeed.rt up 连根拔起
根据所给汉语，在空白处填入适当的短语。1. Scientists have established a pssible ______________________ __________________________（癌症和日常饮食之间的联系）.2. The prblems f the ecnmy _____________________________ ______________________（与一些社会问题密切相关）.
between cancer and diet
are clsely related t
/ cnnected with
/ linked t / with
/ relatinship
 环；节 联系；关联 (cnnectin) ：Is there a link between smking and lung disease?（交通、沟通的）连接线；（互联网的）链接：a rail / rad / telephne link
link vt 连接；联系 (cnnect) ：He walked with her, linking arms. link ... t / with 把……连接 / 联系起来:A subway line will link the airprt t the city centre.Yellw is linked with cnfidence, self-respect and friendliness.
link n [C]
连接人和人、物和物的“环；节”
链状物上连接在一起的“环；节”
连接交通、沟通的“环；节”
连接互联网的“环；节”
环；节link（基本义）
（交通、沟通的）连接线
“be + 形容词 + t” 结构
用“be + 形容词 + t”的结构完成下列句子。1. The verbal expressin “OK” ________________（源于）the United States and was frmed in supprt f the letter O indicating that smething was as perfect as a circle.2. The custm f setting firewrks ff at the Spring Festival ____________（是……特有的）China.3. T give happiness t thers ______________（相当于）the duble happiness.
is native t
is unique t
4. When ding vlunteer wrk, we need t ________________（对……敏感）the physically and mentally handicapped, the hmeless, the elderly and rphans（孤儿）.（2014 广东改）5. I _______________________（对……感激）all thse vlunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.（2015 安徽）6. Generally, students’ inner mtivatin with high expectatins frm thers ________________（对……是必不可少的）their develpment.（2013 江苏）
be sensitive t
am grateful / thankful t
is essential t
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. It is _______ disgrace that yu quarrel with a little girl.2. A man can fail many times, but he isn’t _______ failure until he begins t blame smene else.3. One f NASA’s majr __________ (cncern) abut astrnauts is hw they can remain healthy fr lng in space.（2015 湖北）4. Everyne agreed that climate change is _______ threat.5. N ne can deny that it is _______ delight t watch her dancing skills with natural grace.
不可数的抽象名词可用来表示可数的人或物，即“抽象名词具体化”。此时，名词的数和词义都发生变化。表示抽象的概念时，前面不用冠词；表示具体的一个人或一件事时，前面通常用不定冠词。
6. If yu watch my __________ (mtin) carefully yu will see hw the trick is perfrmed.7. Rbert will place _______ annuncement in the persnal clumn（专栏）f The Daily Telegraph（《每日电讯报》）.
1. Sunny, ht days are the characteristic weather f the summer mnths.2. The number f turists t the resrt declined by 10% last year. 3. In spite f many invitatins, he wuld always decline t visit Oxfrd. 2012 山东4. There is a sharp decline in ppulatin.5. It’s all my fault. I’m t blame. 6. Mney is ften said t be the rt f all evil.7. Yellw is linked with cnfidence, self-respect and friendliness.
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1. The need t cmmunicate is a key characteristic f human sciety._______________2. This pattern is characteristic f the lcal architecture. _______________二、在空白处填入单词character的正确形式。Persnal _______________, such as age, sex and marital （婚姻的） status are taken int accunt.
characteristics
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. The super star declined __________________ (interview v).2. They encurage kids t plitely decline __________ (d) things that they believe are wrng.（2014 江苏） 3. Scientists estimate that shark ppulatins in the nrth-west Atlantic Ocean have declined _________ an average f 50% since the early 1970s.4. In the US, the mnthly decline __________ vehicle sales accelerated （加快） fr the last three mnths, falling 41% in February frm a year earlier.
t be interviewed
二、根据所给汉语完成下列句子。1. I ____________________________（已经婉言谢绝了他们的提议） t exhibit sme f my paintings in this gallery.（2014 上海） 2. Many lder peple dn’t begin t experience _____________________________（身体的衰弱和智力的下降） until after age 75.（2015 广东）3. Chimps（黑猩猩）in the wild seek fd fr themselves. Even chimp mthers regularly ________________________（拒绝分享食物） with their children.（2016 江苏） 4. A cmpany whse prfits frm hme markets ______________________________（在迅速下降）may seek pprtunities abrad.（2014 山东改）
have declined their ffer
physical and mental decline
decline t share fd
are declining fast / rapidly
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. Nw he has n ne but himself t blame ___________ lsing the jb. （2014 江西）2. The mther didn’t knw wh _______________ (blame) fr the brken glass as it happened while she was ut.3. Sme peple lay the blame ___________ the Americans, cmplaining that punds have piled n thanks t eating t much American-style fast fd. （2013 湖北改）4. ___________ (blame) fr the breakdwn f the schl cmputer netwrk, Alice was in lw spirits.  5. Je is prud and stubbrn（固执的）, never admitting he is wrng and always lking fr smene else ___________ (blame).（2014 浙江）  
(was) t blame
二、将下列句子译成汉语。The reprt blames pr safety standards fr the accident.________________________________________________ 2. One f the cmputers is brken and she is blaming it n me. ________________________________________________3. Officials believe that mre than ne persn may be t blame fr the fire. ________________________________________________
报告把事故归咎于安全标准不高。
有一台计算机坏了，她正怪罪于我。
政府官员认为，可能不止一人对火灾负有责任。
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1. Mistakes shuld be crrected as sn as detected. ________2. Amy culd detect a certain sadness in the ld man’s face.________3. We are trying t detect and understand hw the climates change. ________二、在空白处填入单词detect的正确形式。1. Mst skin cancers are cmpletely curable if __________ early.2. Sherlck Hlmes（《福尔摩斯探案集》）is British _____________ fictin written by Sir Arthur Cnan Dyle.
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1. Tree rts drink a lt f water, s remember t water what yu plant. ________2. “Press” is the rt f “impress”, “express”, “depress” and “pressure”. _______3. We need t get t the rt f the prblem befre we can slve it.（2015 天津）_________4. Desert elephants seldm rt up trees and break fewer branches, and thus maintain what little fd surces are available. _________二、根据所给词块，将下面句子译成英语。爵士乐起源于美国南部各州的民歌。(has its rts in sth)_____________________________________________________________
Jazz has its rts in the flk sngs f the suthern states f the US.
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1. There are a number f links between the tw theries. ________2. We click n links nt t the news f the day but t the funniest vides the web has t ffer.（2012 湖北） ________3. Linking arms with ne f the instructrs（教练）, I helped carry the drwning man ut f the water.（2018 全国改） ________二、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。1. 污染和树木枯死之间有关系。(link between)__________________________________________________________2. 有证据表明心脏病与久坐有关。（2014 上海改）(there is prf that, link ... t / with)_____________________________________________________________
There is a link between pllutin and the death f trees.
There is prf that heart disease is linked t / with sitting fr lng perids.