外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 6 At one with nature当堂达标检测题

这是一份外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 6 At one with nature当堂达标检测题，共7页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，语法填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
A
（2020山西吕梁高一上学期期末）
Millins f tns f electrnic waste, knwn as e-waste, are prduced every year. In 2016, the wrld's ppulatin made 49 millin tns f electrnic waste. It has been calculated that there will be mre than 60 millin tns by 2021. The amunt f electrnic waste is grwing s rapidly that it has I becme a glbal prblem that needs t be addressed.
What is causing the upsurge（激增）in e-waste? Technlgy is becming mre and mre widespread, cvering almst every aspect f ur lives. Meanwhile, the lifespan f devices is getting shrter-many prducts will be thrwn away nce their batteries（电池）die, t be replaced by new devices. Cmpanies update the design r sftware s quickly and it is usually cheaper and easier t buy a new prduct than t repair an ld ne. Since e prices are falling, electrnic devices are in demand arund the wrld.
As mre peple buy electrnic e equipment, manufacturers（制造商）are beginning t face shrtages f the raw materials needed t make their prducts, s recycling and reusing materials frm discarded（废弃的）prducts and waste e makes ecnmic and envirnmental sense. Recycling e-waste is practiced bth frmally and infrmally. Frmal e-waste recycling usually invlves taking apart the electrnics, separating and srting thrugh the materials and cleaning them. Cmpanies must bey health and safety rules t reduce the health and envirnmental harm f handling e-waste by using pllutin-cntrl technlgies. All this makes frmal recycling expensive.
With the amunt f e-waste s grwing arund the wrld, recycling alne will nt be enugh t handle the prblem. In rder t reduce e-waste, manufacturers need t design electrnics that are safer, mre durable（耐用的）and repairable. As a custmer, yu'd better get ur ld prduct repaired if pssible and buy a new device nly when yu really need it.
1. The underlined wrd "addressed" in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by ________.
A. reduced
B. changed
C. cntrlled
D. slved
2. What is Paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. The prblems caused by the upsurge in e-waste.
B. The reasns fr e-waste's sharp increasing
C. The bad effects f updating devices.
D. The causes f devices' price drpping.
3. What makes recycling e-waste meaningful accrding t the text?
A. Imprving the quality f e-devices.
B. Lwering the csts f technlgy innvatin.
C. Relieving cmpanies' lacking raw materials.
D. Increasing the variety f electrnic prducts.
4. What des the authr want t cnvey in the last paragraph?
A. Recycling is the nly way t reduce e-waste.
B. Cmpanies shuld be mainly respnsible fr reducing e-waste.
C. Repairing a device is better than buying a new ne.
D. Everyne shuld take actin t reduce e-waste.
B
（2021浙江湖州高一上学期期末）
A severe drught（干旱）has caused water levels in Sutheast Asia's Mekng River t drp t their lwest in mre than 100 years. It may have harmful effects n fish, as well as the tens f millins f peple living and wrking alng the river, experts warn.
This year, the dry cnditins in t the Mekng regin happened due t warm Pacific Ocean c currents （洋流）knwn as the El Nin. But climate change is als a driving factr, experts say, causing the mnsn（季风）seasn t s shrten sharply. The situatin was made wrse by water dam peratrs upstream, with hlding water fr their wn purpses.
Many rice farmers in the area have been unable t plant their main crp, raising fears f a heavily decreased harvest this fall. Less water flw culd als have a bad influence n fish reprductin in the Mekng River basin. This is nrmally the time when fish use rising water levels t reprduce their yung, but there is little sign f this happening s far this year.
Perhaps what is mre alarming is that experts expect that drughts and damage t the water flw f the Mekng River will becme mre cmmn, and they warn that it culd eventually destry the entire ecsystem.
Starting frm the Tibetan highlands, the Mekng River flws thrugh six Asian cuntries, including China, Myanmar, Thailand, Las, Cambdia and Vietnam, befre emptying int the Suth China Sea. The river basin is hme t the largest inland fishery in the wrld and mre than 60 millin peple depend n it t make a living.
Few rivers in the wrld rise and fall with the seasns as much as the Mekng River, which can drp up t 40 feet in sme places at the end f the dry seasn. When the mnsn rains arrive, they nrmally prduce a fld that carries its sediment（沉积物）t agriculture as well as enrmus amunts f larvae（幼虫）and tiny fish, including many endangered species, such as the Mekng giant catfish, that are swept int the Tnle Sap where they can grw.
5. Hw many reasns are t there fr the drught f the Mekng River this year?
A. One.
B. Tw.
C. Three.
D. Fur.
6. What can we knw frm the passage?
A. Drughts are likely t happen mre frequently in the future.
B. The water levels f the Mekng River are becming lwer and lwer.
C. The Mekng River s starts frm the Tibetan highlands and ends in the Tnle Sap.
D. The harvest f fish in the Mekng River hasn't been greatly affected because f the drughts.
7. What's the attitude f experts t the water flw f the Mekng River in the future?
A. Psitive.
B. Uncncerned.
C. Wrried.
D. Negative.
8. In which magazine can we mst prbably find this passage?
A. Natinal Gegraphy.
B. Scientific American.
C. Overseas English.
D. Turism.
二、语法填空
（2021独家原创剑试题）
Althugh we 1 （surrund）by millins f bricks every day, mst f us dn't think abut them t ften. Fr thusands f years, the humble clay-fired brick hasn't changed.
They're made frm 2 （nature）materials, but there are prblems with bricks at every step f their prductin. Bricks are made frm clay, a type f sil 3 can be fund all ver the wrld. Clay mining harms plant 4 （grw）In brick prductin, the clay is shaped and baked in kilns（窑）heated by fssil fuels, which cntributes 5 climate change. Once 6 （make）, bricks must be transprted t cnstructin sites, generating mre carbn emissin. With s many bricks prduced 7 （glbal）, their impact adds up.
Gabriela Meder, a prfessr at Sctland's Herit-Wat t University, decided 8 （find）slutins t that. With her university's supprt, Meder set up Kenteq in 2009. The e cmpany's signature prduct is the K-Briq. Made frm mre than 90% cnstructin waste, the K-Briq prduces less than a 9 （ten）f the carbn emissin f cnventinal bricks. Meder hpes her bricks will help t build 10 mre s sustainable（可持续的）wrld.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
参考答案：
一、阅读理解
A
语篇解读：本文主要讲述由技术更新带来的电子垃圾的危害及解决办法。
1.D词义猜测题。根据画线词前的it has becme a glbal prblem可知这是一个需要解决的全球性问题。reduce减少；change变化；cntrl控制；slve解决。故选D。
2.B主旨大意题。根据第二段首句What is causing the upsurge（激增）in e-waste？可知本段讲述的是电子垃圾激增的原因。
3.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的manufacturers（制造商）are beginning t face shrtages f the raw materials needed t make their prducts，s recycling and reusing materials frm discarded（废弃的）prducts and I waste makes s ecnmic and envirnmental sense可知缓解公司原材料的缺乏使得回收电子垃圾变得有意义。
4.D推理判断题。根据最后一段可知为了减少电子垃圾，从生产商到顾客，每个人都应该行动起来。
B
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，起源于青藏高原，流经亚洲六个国家的湄公河由于多种原因水位降至100多年以来的最低点，这不仅对鱼有害，而且会对沿河成百上千万的人的工作和生活带来危害，专家警告说将来干旱可能会发生得更加频繁。
5.C细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知湄公河干旱有三个原因：被称为厄尔尼诺的温暖的太平洋暖流、气候变化以及水坝运营商为了自己的目的拦截水。
6.A细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的Perhaps what is mre alarming is that experts expect that drughts and damage t the water flw f the Mekng River will becme mre cmmn可知将来干旱可能会发生得更加频繁。
7.C推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的and they warn that it culd eventually destry the entire ecsystem可知专家对未来湄公河的水流充满了忧虑。psitive积极的；uncncerned不关心的；wrried担心的；negative消极的。
8.A推理判断题。综合全文可知，湄公河由于多种原因水位降至100多年以来的最低点，这不仅对鱼有害，而且会对沿河成百上千万的人的工作和生活带来危害，专家警告说将来干旱可能会发生得更加频繁。由此可推断本文很可能出现在《国家地理》上。
二、语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了苏格兰的一家公司制作出了一种环保砖——K-Brig，该新型砖头以建筑废料为原料，有效降低了制砖过程中的碳排放，为节能减排提供了一种新的可能。
1.are surrunded考查时态及语态。句意：尽管我们每天都被数以百万计的砖包围着，但我们大多数人并不经常去想它们。根据时间状语every day可知，本空应用一般现在时；且we和动词surrund之间为被动关系，故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态。
2.natural考查形容词。句意：它们是用天然材料制成的，但生产砖的每一步都存在问题。本空修饰名词materials，故应用形容词natural，意为“天然的”。
3.which/that考查定语从句。句意：砖是由黏土制成的，黏土是世界各地都能找到的一种土壤。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词s0l，本空在定语从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which或that。
4.grwth考查名词。句意：黏土开采危害植物生长。本空在句中作宾语，故应用名词grwth。
5.t考查介词。句意：在制砖过程中，黏土在由化石燃料加热的窑炉中成型和烘烤，这导致了气候变化。cntribute t在此处意为“导致”，故本空应用介词t。
6.made考查过去分词。句意：一旦制成，砖块就必须运到建筑工地，产生更多的碳排放。本空在句中作状语，句子主语bricks和动词make之间为被动关系，故本空应用过去分词作状语。
7.glbally考查副词。句意：由于全球生产了如此多的砖块，它们的影响积少成多。本空修饰过去分词prduced，故应用副词glbally。
8.t find考查不定式。句意：苏格兰赫瑞-瓦特大学教授Gabriela Meder决定寻找解决方案。decide t d sth.意为“决定做某事”，故本空应用不定式作宾语。
9.tenth考查序数词。句意：K-Brig由90%以上的建筑垃圾制成，其碳排放不到传统砖的十分之一。根据句意可知，a 9 （ten）表示“十分之一”，故本空应用序数词形式。
10.a考查冠词。句意：Meder希望她的砖将有助于建立一个更加可持续的世界。空后名词wld为可数名词，根据句意可知，本空应用不定冠词a。