人教版高中英语选择性必修第一册Space exploration练主题词汇 阅读素养 句法与写作高一英语暑假作业（人教版）（原卷版）

这是一份人教版高中英语选择性必修第一册Space exploration练主题词汇 阅读素养 句法与写作高一英语暑假作业（人教版）（原卷版），共10页。

【格言佳句】
That is ne small step fr a man, but ne gaint leap fr mankind.
个人的一小步，人类的一大步。

【英语名家谈英语学习 王逢鑫】
精通英语，必须掌握大量的词汇，如同修盖高楼大厦需要充足的建筑材料。学习词汇，如同交友，一回生，二回熟。从记忆，理解，到复用词汇，需要反复接触，反复练习。
说到记单词，初学者都希望别人告诉他窍门或捷径。入门阶段需要学会一千来个基本词汇。而死记硬背是必经之路。想不费功夫，就能记牢单词，恐怕是徒劳的。其实，记忆英语单词的过程是学习科学思维的过程。单词学多了，就有规律可循。科学记忆有赖于读音规则、拼写规则和构词法。此外，不要孤零地记单词，要记住它的“左邻右舍”，即搭配；还要记住它的上下文，即语境。
理解词义，初学者都要经历一个字对字的过程，bk 是书，ball 是球。由于英语具有一词多义和同形异义的特点，学习者会发现bk和ball还有别的意义。掌握词义，应知其一，知其二，甚至知其三。词义涉及语言差异和文化差异，字对字地理解词义常常犯错误。例如，drmitry 只指单身宿舍，不指家属宿舍。最好还是意念对意念地理解词义。
复用词汇，要学会同义表达(paraphrasing)。 初学时对待同义词应求大同，存小异，不必拘泥细微辨义。随着知识的增加，最终应知道什么地方用什么词最合适，即a prper wrd in its prper place。
年轻读者们正值青春年华，是学习英语，特别是记单词的好时光，千万不可错过。.
学习日历

______ 月 ______ 日
星期 ______________
天气 ______________
Ⅰ. 太空探索话题词汇聚焦
___________________n. 太阳系
___________________n. 火箭
___________________n. 卫星
___________________n. 地球
___________________n. 火星
___________________n. 月球
___________________NP. 航天局
___________________v. 探索
___________________n. 太空行走
__________________n. 使命；任务
__________________v. 发射
__________________NP. 太空望远镜
__________________n. 国际空间站
__________________n. 航空飞船
__________________VP. 探索宇宙
__________________NP. 遨游太空
Ⅱ. 单词拼写
1. Yang Li-wei is the first ___________(宇航员) t circle the earth in China.
2. This is a serius_________(精神的) disease. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
3. The firewrks rushed up int the sky, just like a ________(火箭) saring up.
4. If yu leave yur arms ut，they will flat free in zer ________ (重力).
5. We started frm Vancuver, where we picked up ur _________(交通工具)fr the trip—a hme n wheels.
6. Scientists have many ideas abut hw the _______ (宇宙) first came int existence.
7. In rder t make Beidu Navigatin System wrk exactly, China has launched mre than mre than 30 _________(卫星).
8. Each human being has t die, but________(人类) ges n wrld withut end.
9. ________ (数据)cllected frm the device culd be used t recgnize different participants based n hw they typed, with very lw________ (错误) rates.
10. She had a strng __________ (渴望) t g abrad fr further study.
III. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. The ________ (determine) lk in their eyes tld us that nthing culd make them change their minds.
2. His parents were very _________(disappint) at his exam result.
3. The Sputnik 1 satellite was I________ (launch) by the USSR in1957and successfully rbited arund Earth.
4. There are many artificial satellites ________（rbit）arund the earth.
5. We are prud t have been the first city t have r ______ (recycle) ur rubbish.
IV. 根据汉语提示完成句子
1. 他在努力训练，希望可以作为正式队员被录用。
He was practicing hard ________ being admitted as a full member f the team.
2. 达成协议的希望看来已逐渐渺茫。
Hpes f reaching an agreement seem t be __________________.
3. 她的勇气激发了他继续生活和工作的意愿。
Her bravery has given him the will t ________ with his life and his wrk.
4. 老实说，我有信心我能克服目前的困难。
T be hnest, I ________ ________ ________I can vercme the present difficulty。
5. 他起床晚了，结果导致今天早上上学迟到了。
He gt up late, which ________ ________ his being late fr schl this mrning.
6. 她的鼓励使我决心把这项工作继续做下去。
Her encuragement______________________________the wrk.
V. 不定式专练
1. We have made a plan. We can deal with the situatin. (使用不定式将两个句子合成一句)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
2. The by is ld enugh. He can take care f himself. (使用不定式将两个句子合成一句)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
3. He hurried t the airprt. He fund his friends had already left. (使用不定式将两个句子合成一句)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
4. Bungee jumping is exciting enugh. It attracts lts f peple t try. (使用不定式将两个句子合成一句)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
5. He attempted t cver the facts. He unexpectedly let them ut. (使用不定式将两个句子合成一句)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Ⅵ. 阅读理解
A
By 2019, the Peple’s Republic f China (PRC) had funded fr 70 years. Over the past decades, many peple had made great cntributins t the cuntry’s develpment. On Sept 17, Chinese President Xi Jinping signed a presidential decree (主席令) t award（授予） natinal medals and hnrary titles t frty-tw f these cntributrs, including bth Chinese citizens and freigners. Eight peple received the Medal f the Republic, six freigners received the Friendship Medals, and 28 peple received the Natinal Hnrary Titles（国家荣誉称号）. Nw let’s learn abut fur f the persns wh gt the Medal f the Republic(共和国勋章).
1. Accrding t the material, the fur peple mentined all received________.
A. the Nbel PrizeB. the Medal f the Republic
C. the Friendship MedalsD. the Natinal Hnrary Titles
2. Which ne is RIGHT accrding t the article?
A. Fur peple received the Medal f the Republic.
B. Eight peple received the Natinal Hnrary Titles.
C. Tw wmen wh gt the Medal f the Republic were mentined.
D. Frty-tw Chinese cntributrs were awarded natinal medals and hnrary titles.
3. _______ might knw hw t use a gun.
A. Shen JilanB. Sun JiadngC. Zhang FuqingD. Tu Yuyu
4. Accrding t the article we can knw _______ helped Tu Yuyu t find artemisinin.
A. sme friendsB. sme patients
C. western medicineD. traditinal Chinese medicine theries
5. It can be seen frm the material that________.
A. malaria is a kind f illness
B. Sun Jiadng nly designed the Baidu navigatin system
C. Shen Jilan’s 13 ideas were written int China’s cnstitutin
D. Zhang Fuqing was twice awarded the the Natinal Hnrary Titles
B
Reach fr the stars at the Eur Space Center.
Find ut everything yu need t knw abut space —frm the rigins f the universe (宇宙) t the pssible future space explratin. Lighting, sund and special effects help t bring yur space jurney t life. Thrughut yur tur, ur specially-trained guides will answer yur questins and prvide yu with any infrmatin yu require.
Begin yur tur with ur exhibitin abut the planets, and then mve n t the Space Labratry t see sme f the experiments carried ut in space. Visit ur internatinal space statin, where yu can climb int ur full-size space shuttle (太空船) mdel and experience life n bard as an astrnaut.
Yu will knw all abut space by nw and t help yu further, ur Space Center astrnauts will tell yu abut hw yung peple train as astrnauts in ur wn training schl. Finally, yu can watch ur amazing space shws in ur IMAX cinema, which will help yu understand everything yu have learned during yur visit better.
Outside we have an utdr exhibitin including a giant slar system, full-size rcket mdels and utdr games. Dn't wrry if it rains —much f this is under cver.
After that, why nt visit ur restaurant Rest Space fr fd and drink n a space theme? And dn't frget ur Space Shp, ffering yu a huge range f gifts t take hme.
The Eur Space Center is pen every day except Mndays. Opening times are 10 am—5 pm. Fr entrance fees, call ur bking service at 3261-650133. Yu can e-mail us fr up-t-date entry infrmatin at inf@eurspacecenter.be.
6. What can visitrs d in the space shuttle mdel?
A. Enjy an utdr exhibitin.B. Watch amazing space shws.
C. Learn abut space experiments.D. Knw hw astrnauts live in space.
7. Which perid f time can yu visit here?
A. 11 am—6 pm, Sunday.B. 10 am—3 pm, Friday.
C. 9 am—4 pm, Thursday.D. 10 am—3 pm, Mnday.
8. What is the authr's purpse in writing the text?
A. T shw his lve f space.
B. T share his space shuttle experience.
C. T recmmend a gd place t explre space.
D. T intrduce hw t cnduct a space experiment.
Ⅶ. 完形填空
Space explratin has always been the prvince f 1 : The human imaginatin readily sars where human ingenuity (创造力) 2 t fllw. A Vyage t the Mn, ften cited as the first science fictin stry, was written by Cyran de Bergerac in 1649. Cyran was dead and buried fr a gd three centuries befre the first manned rckets started t fly.
In 1961, when President Kennedy declared that America wuld send a man t the mn by the decade’s end, thse wrds, t, had a dreamlike quality. They resnated (共鸣) with 3 and ambitin in much the same way as the mst famus 4 speech f all, delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. tw years later. By the end f the decade, bth visins had yielded cncrete results and 5 American sciety. And yet in many ways the tw dreams ended up in 6 with each ther. The fight fr racial and ecnmic equality is intensely pragmatic (讲求实用的) and immediate in its impact. The urge t explre space is just the ppsite .It is figuratively and literally therwrldly(超现实的) in its 7 .
When the dust settled, the space dreamers lst ut. There was n grand fllw-up t the Apll missins. The technlgically cmprmised space shuttle prgram has just cme t an end, with n 8 . The perpetual(不断的) argument is that 9 are tight, that we have mre pressing prblems here n Earth. Amid the current cncerns abut the federal deficit(赤字), reaching tward the stars seems a dispensable luxury-- 10 saving ne-thusandth f a single year’s budget wuld slve ur prblems.
But human ingenuity struggles n. NASA is develping a series f rbtic prbes that will get the mst bang fr a buck. They will serve as mdern Magellans, 11 ut the slar system fr whatever explrers fllw, whether man r machine. On the flip side, cmpanies like Virgin Galactic are pltting a bttm-up attack n the space dream by making it a reality t the public. Private spaceflight culd lie within reach f rich civilians in a few years. Anther decade r tw and it culd g 12 .
The space dreamers end up 13 all f us-- nt just because f the way they expand human knwledge, r because f the spin-ff technlgies they prduce, but because the tw types f dreams feed ff each ther. Bth Martin Luther King and Jhn Kennedy appealed t the idea that humans can g beynd what were nce cnsidered inherent 14 . Tday we face seeming challenges in energy, the envirnment, health care. Tmrrw we will transcend(超越) these as well, and the dreamers will deserve a lt f the credit. The mre evidence we cllect that ur species is 15 f greatness, the mre we will actually achieve it.
1. A. dreamersB. explrersC. astrnmersD. nvelists
2. A. expectsB. strugglesC. bservesD. explres
3. A. reputatinB. emtinC. challengeD. ptimism
4. A. libertyB. publicC. dreamD. freedm
5. A. attackedB. industrializedC. transfrmedD. accessed
6. A. cnflictB. lineC. cntraryD. parallel
7. A. aimsB. pacesC. cncernsD. terms
8. A. ancestrB. successrC. frefatherD. advcate
9. A. situatinsB. securitiesC. fundsD. schedules
10. A. even ifB. in caseC. as ifD. s that
11. A. findingB. figuringC. sweepingD. mapping
12. A. mainstreamB. freignC. serviceD. sale
13. A. infrmingB. challengingC. benefitingD. cultivating
14. A. limitatinsB. qualitiesC. technlgyD. knwledge
15. A. ignrantB. capableC. cnsciusD. prud
Ⅷ. 书面表达。
最近，你班同学就“太空是否值得探索”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据下面提供的信息，用英语写一篇短文介绍讨论的情况，并谈谈自己的看法。
30%的同学认为太空不值得探索。理由：
1. 离我们的日常生活太遥远。
2. 浪费金钱。
70%的同学认为太空值得探索。理由：
1. 已使用卫星进行通讯传播、天气预报。
2. 有望解决人口问题。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
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Shen Jilan is a lifelng lawmaker. In 1954, she became a deputy(代表) t the Natinal Peple’s Cngress. Since then, she has served at all 13 NPCs. She came up with the idea f equal pay fr equal wrk between men and wmen. The idea was written int China’s first cnstitutin (宪法) in 1954.
Sun Jiadng made great cntributins tward develping Chinese satellite technlgy and space explratin. He was the chief designer f bth the Baidu navigatin (导航) system and China’s lunar explratin prject.
Zhang Fuqing was a sldier in the Peple’s Liberatin Army during the Liberatin War. He was twice awarded the title f Cmbat Her. In 1955, he vlunteered t wrk in a remte (偏远的) cunty in Hubei prvince and has been helping pr peple there ever since.
Tu Yuyu, a scientist, is knwn fr winning the Nbel Prize in Physilgy r Medicine in 2015. She gt inspiratin frm traditinal Chinese medicine theries and discvered artemisinin, a medicine that can be used t treat malaria. Her finding has saved the lives f millins.