

人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters复习练习题
展开
这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters复习练习题,共4页。试卷主要包含了 Steady yurself, D nt mve等内容,欢迎下载使用。
主题:人与自然—自然灾害与防范,安全常识与自我保护
体裁:说明文
词数:343
难度:中
阅读用时:6分钟
背景导入:地震是最具破坏性的自然灾难之一。虽然地震是人类目前无法避免和控制的,但只要我们掌握一些自救措施,也可以将灾难中的伤害降到最低。那么我们遇到地震时该如何做才能增加生还的概率呢?本文主要讲述了当地震发生时,你如果身处室内需要采取的一些自救措施。
阅读技巧:训练学生猜测词义及推断作者写作意图的能力。
原文
Earthquakes are amng the mst destructive natural disasters. They can happen just abut anywhere. Earthquakes cannt be predicted, but yur chances f survival are much better if yu prepare in advance and knw what t d when an earthquake strikes.
If Yu Are in a Building
1. Steady yurself. Hld nt a slid bject r get t the flr s that yu d nt fall. Try t hide under a piece f furniture.
2. Drp, cver, and hld n. This is the natinal standard②fr earthquake safety in the United States. The alternate advice is t get next t a sturdy piece f furniture s that if a wall falls, it will create a cnfined space in which yu can survive. This “triangle f life” methd, hwever, is incnsistent with earthquake research and nt recmmended by the American Red Crss, Structural Engineers Assciatin f Nrthern Califrnia, and Earthquake Cuntry Alliance.
3. Cver yur head and neck. Use yur hands and arms t prtect these vital③areas frm falling bjects.
·Yur upper bdy shuld als be cvered because that is what is hlding yur neck which is hlding yur head.
·If yu have any respiratry④disease, make sure that yu cver yur head with a T-shirt r handkerchief, until all the dust has settled. Breathing in dirty air is nt gd fr ur lungs.
4. D nt mve. If it is safe t d s, stay where yu are fr a minute r tw, until yu are sure the shaking has stpped.
·Remember, aftershcks⑤are pssible at any time, and are likely after a big earthquake. Aftershcks can range frm being felt by nly a few peple t kncking dwn the entire city. They can cllapse weakened buildings, especially fragile⑥structures like mbile hmes.
5. Slwly and carefully leave the building. As in the case f fire, it is suggested that yu and yur family meet in a safe lcatin previusly arranged by yur family, such as a nearby baseball diamnd⑦r park. Gvernment help shuld be n the way sn.
① strike vt.(灾难)袭击
② standard n.[C]标准
③ vital adj.至关重要的
④ respiratry adj.与呼吸有关的
⑤ aftershck n.[C]余震
⑥ fragile adj.易损坏的
⑦ baseball diamnd棒球场
知识点击
chances f survival生还机会
in advance提前;事先
tld nt紧紧抓住
a piece f furniture“一件家具”, furniture是不可数名词
in which引导定语从句,可以换成关系副词where
be incnsistent with与不一致
保护……免受……
what引导表语从句,what在从句中作主语;which引导定语从句
Breathing in…为动名词短语作主语
where引导地点状语从句
range frm…t...(范围)从……到……
knck dwn拆毁;破坏
it作形式主语,that引导主语从句。从句中用了虚拟语气。
n the way即将到来
【译文】地震是最具破坏力的自然灾害之一,它们几乎在任何地方都有可能发生。地震无法预测,但如果你事先做好准备,并且知道地震时该怎么应对,那就能够大大增加生还机会。
如果你在建筑物内:
1. 保持稳定。抓住一个坚固的物体或趴在地板上,这样你就不会跌倒。尝试躲在家具下面。
2.伏地、遮挡、手抓牢。这是美国国家级的地震安全标准。另一建议是待在结实的家具旁边,这样如果培倒了,它可以创造一个可以保命的狭窄空间。然而,这种“生命三角”方法与地震研究相悖,而且美国红十字会、北加州结构工程师协会和地震国家联盟都不推荐这种方法。
3. 遮盖头部和颈部。用双手和双臂保护这些重要部位不被坠落物砸到。
⊙上半身也要遮盖,因为上半身支撑着颈部,而颈部支撑着头部。
⊙如果你有任何呼吸疾病,一定要用T恤或手帕遮住头部,直到灰尘全部落定。呼吸浑浊的空气对肺部有害。
4. 不要动。如果安全的话,在原位置停留一两分钟,直到你确定震动已经停止。
⊙记住,余震随时可能发生,而且很可能发生在剧烈地震后。余震强度可能仅数人能察觉,也可能足以毁掉整个城市。余震能够摧毁已受损的建筑,尤其是像移动式房屋这种不结实的建筑。
5. 缓慢小心地离开建筑物。和遭遇火灾时一样,建议你和家人在家里提前约定的安全地点碰面,例如附近的棒球场或公园。政府救援队应该很快就会赶到。
相关试卷
这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters课后测评,共3页。
这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration随堂练习题,共4页。