2025届高考英语译林版（2019）一轮复习基础知识默写练习选择性必修第四册

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一、阅读单词——知其意
1.cre adj.核心的，最重要的 n.核心，最重要的部分
2.substantial adj.大量的，价值巨大的；结实的，牢固的
3.embrace vt.& vi.欣然接受；包含；拥抱
4.principle n.道德原则；法则；信条
5.barely adv.刚好；仅仅，勉强可能；几乎不；刚才
6.decent adj.正派的，合乎礼节的；得体的，适当的
7.superb adj.极佳的，卓越的，质量极高的
8.wrinkle n.皱纹；褶皱，皱痕 vt.& vi.(使脸上)起皱纹，皱起
9.virtue n.美德；正直的品性；优点
10.integrity n.诚实正直；完整，完好
二、核心单词——写其形
1.utline vt.概述，略述 n.概述；轮廓线，略图
2.burden n.(责任、义务等的)重担，负担
3.bw n.蝴蝶结；弓 vi.鞠躬；低(头)
4.pause vi.停顿，暂停 n.停顿，停顿的时间
5.pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮；扮作；自诩，自认为
6.privilege n.荣幸；特殊利益 vt.给予特权，
特别优待
7.deadline n.最后期限，截止日期
8.fault n.过错，责任；弱点，缺点
结合语境运用单词
9.After he resigned (辞职) frm the pst，he was dedicated t helping the disabled.
10.This mrning my classmate frgave (原谅) me fr what I said last night.
11.She acknwledged cheating (作弊) in the exam and felt ashamed f it.
12.He wrapped (用……缠绕) his arms arund me and whispered，“Yu are bund t succeed.”
13.“Yeah！” David smiled weakly，bwing (弯下) his head.
14.The wrinkles (皱纹) n the premier's face suggest that he is n lnger yung.
三、拓展单词——通其变
1.mercy n.仁慈，宽恕→merciful adj.仁慈的；
宽大的
2.rely v.依赖，依靠；信赖，信任→reliable adj.可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的
3.crime n.犯罪活动；不法行为→criminal n.罪犯 adj.犯法的，犯罪的；刑事的；不道德的
4.inncent adj.无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的→inncence n.清白，无辜；无罪；天真，纯真
5.bless vt.(表示惊奇)；祝福→blessing n.上帝的恩宠；祝福；祝颂；幸运；赞同
6.appint v.任命；委任→appintment n.约定，约会；任命，委任；职务→appinted adj.指定的，约定的
7.suspect vt. & vi.疑有，觉得；认为 n.嫌疑犯，可疑对象→suspicin n.怀疑；疑心→suspicius adj.怀疑的；可疑的
利用语境串记单词
8.I feel ashamed f my shameful actin，which is a shame t me.(shame)
9.Withut yur guidance and encuragement，we culdn't have made such great prgress，s we decide t engage yu as ur guide.(guide)
10.We knw frm the daily legal reprt that the frmer president had smething t d with the illegal rganizatin and was put t prisn.(legal)
11.Frm his discuraged lk，I judged he wasn't hired，which was really discuraging.But I still encuraged him t g t ther cmpanies t try his frtune.(curage)
12.Judging frm his disappinted lk，his bss was disappinted with his disappinting perfrmance.S t his disappintment，he didn't get prmted.(disappint)
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.tear dwn拆毁，拆除
2.lse cntact失去联系
3.under arrest被逮捕
4.at the mercy f sb/sth任……处置；对……无能为力
5.turn up出现，到场；卷起；调大
6.pull ut离开，撤离；拔出
7.make a difference有影响，有关系
8.in stre贮藏着；等待着；将要发生
9.g thrugh 经历；仔细检查；通过
10.stare at盯着
根据语境选词填空
11.Mre than ten plicemen turned up at the spt where the accident happened.
12.Withut a sure supply f water，farming in that area remains at the mercy f the weather.
13.We lay n the grass，staring at the night sky which was sptted with twinkling stars.
14.Only when we match ur wrds with actins can we make a difference in whatever we hpe t accmplish.
15.It is hard t imagine the pain and suffering they went thrugh in the war.
Ⅲ 句式仿写
1.句型公式：祈使句＋and＋陈述句
每天做适当的锻炼，你就会变得更健康、更强壮。(建议信)
Take a prper amunt f exercise every day，and yu will becme healthier and strnger.
2.句型公式：n matter what引导让步状语从句
你要记住，不管世界变成什么样，你都要善良。
Yu have t remember that n matter what the wrld turns ut t be，yu have t be kind.
3.句型公式：完全倒装
越来越多的人通过网络学习来获取知识的时代到了。(发言稿，2021·全国乙卷)
There cmes a time when an increasing number f peple acquire knwledge by means f nline learning.
选择性必修第四册 UNIT 2 Understanding each ther
Ⅰ 单词拼写
一、阅读单词——知其意
1.decde vt.解(码)，破译(尤指密码)
2.bilingual adj.会说两种语言的；用两种语言(写)的
3.feedback n.反馈的意见(或信息)
4.jam n.果酱；拥挤，堵塞
5.crrespnd vi.类似于；相一致，符合；通信
6.tribe n.部落
7.enterprise n.公司，企业；规划，事业
8.frictin n.争执；摩擦；摩擦力
二、核心单词——写其形
1.btain vt.获得，赢得
2.knwledgeable adj.博学的，有见识的
3.tne n.语气，腔调；风格，特色
4.gesture n.手势，姿势；姿态，表示 vt.& vi.做手势，用手势表示
5.smewhat adv.有点，有几分，稍微
6.handwriting n.手写，书写；笔迹，书法
7.cntest n.比赛，竞赛；争夺，竞争 vt.争取赢得；争辩，就……提出异议
结合语境运用单词
8.The phtgrapher slipped(滑) dwnstairs，tipted ut f the huse and disappeared int the darkness.
9.Judging frm yur accent(口音)，yu cme frm the West，if I'm nt mistaken.
10.There is nthing t be gained (获得)frm delaying the decisin.
11.Yu shuld enlarge yur vcabulary(词汇量)，which can help yu effectively cmmunicate with thers.
12.I sincerely (真诚地) hpe yu can fllw my advice，which will surely benefit yu.
三、拓展单词——通其变
1.gentle adj.温柔的；温和的；柔和的→gently adv.温柔地；温和地
2.cmpetent adj.足以胜任的，有能力的→cmpetence n.能力；胜任
3.suit vt.满足需要；相配，合身 n.套装，西装，西服→suitable adj.合适的；适宜的
4.clarify vt.使更清晰易懂，阐明→clarificatin n.说(阐)明；解释；澄清
5.reject vt.拒绝接受，不予考虑；不录用；排斥，排异→rejectin n.拒绝，摈弃
6.sympathy n.同情；赞同→sympathetic adj.同情的，有同情心的
7.tend vi.趋向，倾向→tendency n.趋势，趋向；倾向，偏好
8.intend vt.计划；打算→intentin n.意图，计划
9.intervene vi.出面；干扰；介入→interventin n.干涉行为，干预
10.integrate vt.& vi.(使)合并；(使)加入→integrated adj.各部分密切协调的；综合的→integrity n.诚实正直；完整；完好
11.pure adj.纯净的；完全的；纯粹的→purely adv.仅仅；完全→purify vt.净化；使纯净→purity n.纯净，纯洁
利用语境串记单词
12.I admire yu fr yur tlerance，because yu can tlerate things which can't be tlerant.(tlerate)
13.In the past，I had a preference fr physics.In ther wrds，I preferred t study it.(prefer)
14.If yu want t win yur parents' apprval，yu shuld d well at schl instead f disapprving them.(apprve)
15.What yu did was embarrassing，making the guest very embarrassed and it als embarrassed me.(embarrass)
16.I am fluent in English.That is t say，I speak English fluently.Others admire my fluency in English.(fluent)
17.Behave yurself r yu will be laughed at by thers because f yur bad behavi(u)r.(behave)
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.in respnse 作为回答，作为回应
2.functin as作为，起……作用，具有……功能
3.accunt fr 是……的说明(或原因)；(数量上、比例上)占
4.cme abut 产生，发生
5.ut f style 过时的
6.apprve f赞成，赞同
7.refer t参考；指的是；提到；查阅
8.be based n以……为基础
9.braden ne's mind 拓展视野，开阔眼界
10.under this circumstance在这种情况下
根据语境选词填空
11.It is reprted that he referred t glbal warming fr many times in his speech.
12.Online vide use is expected t increase by fur times frm 2020 t 2024 and accunt fr 80% f all Internet traffic by 2024.
13.His stry is based n his wn experience when he was studying in Harvard University.
14.In respnse t the audience's great demand，the play will be put n in the theatre twice a week.
15.I apprve f yur accmpanying him t Beijing，but please d be careful.
Ⅲ 句式仿写
1.句型公式：nt als...
英文报Yuth不仅丰富了枯燥的校园生活而且增强了我的学习能力。(短文投稿，2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
Nt nly des the English newspaper Yuth enrich my bring campus life but it als strengthens my learning ability.(倒装句)
2.句型公式：强调句型
在我看来，正是她母亲的鼓励帮助她建立了信心并做出了改变。
Frm my pint f view，it was her mther's encuragement that helped her build up the cnfidence and make a change.
3.句型公式：n
我们一制定计划，就投入行动。(2022·浙江1月卷)
N sner had we wrked ut ur plan than we plunged urselves int actin.
选择性必修第四册 UNIT 3 Careers and skills
Ⅰ 单词拼写
一、阅读单词——知其意
1.turnament n.锦标赛
2.superir adj.更好的，占优势的
n.级别(或地位、职位)更高的人
3.prejudice n.偏见，成见
4.zne n.地区；区域
5.institute n.机构，机构建筑
vt.建立，制定(体系、政策等)
6.candidate n.候选人；应试者；被认定适合者
7.criterin n.(pl.criteria) 标准，准则
8.mde n.方式，风格，样式
二、核心单词——写其形
1.salary n.薪金，薪水
2.attain vt.达到；获得
3.clerk n.职员，簿记员，文书
4.subjective adj.主观的
5.plug vt.补足，供给；堵塞，封堵 n.插头；插座
6.infer vt.推断，推论，推理
7.cnvey vt.表达，传递；传送，运送
8.seize vt.抓住，把握；捉住，夺；攻占；没收
结合语境运用单词
9.They hired (聘用) a nurse t assist their mther with her life until she passed away.
10.I tre up three flights f stairs，and swung (摇摆) breathlessly thrugh a dr.
11.It was his inventin that allwed Genentech t be label(l)ed (贴标签)as the first prducer f human prtein.
12.Apparently，when the delayed (推迟的)flight will take ff depends much n the weather.
三、拓展单词——通其变
1.anticipate vt.预料；预计→anticipatin n.预料，预期；预见，预计
2.temprary adj.临时的，短暂的→temprarily adv.暂时
3.serve vt.& vi.接待；服务→servant n.雇员，职员；仆人→service n.服务
4.relevant adj.紧密相关的，切题的；有价值的，有意义的→relevance n.相关性，关联→relevantly adv.相关地→irrelevant adj.不相关的，无关紧要的
5.refresh vt.使变新；使恢复精力；使想起→refreshed adj.恢复了精力的，精神振作的→refreshing adj.令人耳目一新的；别具一格的
6.justify vt.对……作出解释，为……辩解；证明……正确→justified adj.有正当理由的→justificatin n.正当理由
7.cmmerce n.商业；贸易→cmmercial adj.商业的；贸易的；盈利的；商业性的→cmmercially adv.商业上，商业化地
8.detect vt.发现；查明；探测→detective n.侦探，警探→detectin n.察觉；发现
利用语境串记单词
9.She has the qualificatins fr teaching English and I think she is qualified fr the psitin.(qualify)
10.I must cnsult the experienced cnsultant abut hw much exercise I shuld attempt.(cnsult)
11.Yu were rude t yur sister，fr which yu shuld make an aplgy t her.Since yur rudeness upset her.(rude)
12.Prir t cming here，they made gd preparatins.It was n wnder that they gt the pririty.(prir)
13.Because f her kindness，the receptinist has received many bunches f flwers s far.(receive)
14.All the applicants wh want t apply fr the jb have handed in their letters f applicatin.(apply)
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.withut delay 毫不耽搁地
2.give pririty t 优先考虑；给……优先权
3.be fnd f喜爱
4.weigh up权衡，斟酌
5.prir t在……之前
6.be superir t...比……更好的，更胜一筹的
7.set ff 动身，出发；使爆炸；引起；拉响(警报)
8.keep track f 记录；跟踪；跟上……的进展；
掌握……的最新消息
9.be suitable fr 适合
10.be engaged in 参与；从事；忙于……
根据语境选词填空
11.I give yu a guarantee that yu will be fnd f it nce yu read the English newspaper Yuth.
12.Prir t cming t China，my nly experience with Chinese cking was in America.
13.The injured shuld be admitted t hspital fr an peratin withut delay.
14.Because f my fluent English，I am cnvinced that I am suitable fr the vlunteer jb.
15.It is ur traditin t set ff firewrks t celebrate the Spring Festival and the Lantern Festival.
Ⅲ 句式仿写
1.句型公式：
有那么一会儿，她只是站在那里，不知是该待在那里还是马上离开。
Fr a mment，she just std there，feeling at a lss whether t stay there r leave at nce.
2.句型公式：make＋it＋adj.＋t d
你最好提前掌握一些基本的汉语，这样会让你更容易地适应在北京的新生活。
Yu'd better master sme basic Chinese in advance，which makes it easy fr yu t adjust t the new life in Beijing.
3.句型公式：wherever引导让步状语从句
将来无论我去哪里，我都会努力保护并丰富我们自己的传统文化。
Wherever I g in the future，I'll make great effrts t preserve and enrich ur wn traditinal culture.
选择性必修第四册 UNIT 4 Never t ld t learn
Ⅰ 单词拼写
一、阅读单词——知其意
1.verbal adj.口头的；言语的，文字的
2.vcatinal adj.职业的，业务知识的
3.gemetry n.几何(学)；几何形状
4.laptp n.笔记本电脑，便携式电脑
5.statistic n.统计数字，统计资料
6.certificate n.文凭，结业证书；证明，证明书
7.beard n.胡须，络腮胡子
8.sneeze vi.打喷嚏 n.喷嚏，喷嚏声
二、核心单词——写其形
1.bund adj.一定会，很可能会；有义务(做某事)
2.cease vi.& vt.(使)停止，终止，结束
3.prspect n.成功的机会，前景；可能性
4.drill vt.& vi.培训，训练；钻(孔) n.练习，训练；钻，钻头
5.mature adj.明白事理的，成熟的 vi.成熟，长成；有判断力
6.essay n.文章，短文
7.draft n.草稿，草案，草图 vt.起草，草拟
8.drmitry n.学生宿舍，集体宿舍
结合语境运用单词
9.The ball bunced(弹起) twice befre he culd reach it.
10.There was a blank (空白) lk n his face because he did nt knw the answer.
11.The writer is plishing (润色) the article t be published in a newspaper next week.
12.Under n circumstances will I give up the bjective (目标) f setting up my wn cmpany.
13.Smetimes it may be helpful t use examples t explain abstract (抽象的) cncepts.
三、拓展单词——通其变
1.reslve vt.& vi.解决；表决；决心，决定 n.决心，坚定的信念→reslutin n.坚定；决心
2.inquire vi.& vt.询问，打听→ inquiry n.询问，质问；打听
3.register vi.& vt.登记，注册 n.语体风格，语域；登记表→registratin n.登记，注册
4.subscribe vi.订阅；定期订购(或订阅等)→subscriptin n.订阅，订购
5.cmprehend vt.理解，领悟→cmprehensin n.理解力，领悟能力；理解练习
6.tight adv.紧紧地，牢固地 adj.牢固的；严格的；密集的；亲密的→tightly adv.牢固地，紧紧地；紧密地→tighten v.(使)变紧，加强
7.refresh vt.使变新；使恢复精力；使想起→refreshing adj.令人耳目一新的→refreshed adj.恢复了精力的；精神振作的
利用语境串记单词
8.In rder t give her gd educatin，her parents sent her t a famus schl t be educated.(educate)
9.His ccupatin is teaching，and his time is fully ccupied by his students.He always thinks abut the wrk，and hw t teach the students well ccupies his mind.(ccupy)
10.When giving a speech，yu'd better nt refer t yur ntes，f curse including ther reference materials.(refer)
11.Dn't assume that yu are a princess and stp living in assumptins any mre.(assume)
12.The new gvernment plans t extend the riginal rad，the extensin f which will help imprve the trade.(extend)
13.If it is difficult fr yu t digest the graphs I presented during the presentatin，ask ur market leader fr mre infrmatin.(present)
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.be bund t一定会，很可能会
2.keep pace with sb/sth与……步调一致，与……并驾齐驱
3.subscribe t订阅；定期订购(或订阅等)；同意，赞成
4.in a flash转瞬间；立即
5.take a deep breath深吸气，深呼吸
6.stay up熬夜
7.be expsed t 接触
8.cme up with 提出，想出
9.fit in 适应
10.hld n t 抓住……不放；坚持
根据语境选词填空
11.In rder t slve this prblem，Shang Yang came up with an idea.
12.The by held n t the bush until smene came dwn t rescue him.
13.Yu may get sunstrke when yu are expsed t the sun t lng.
14.Day after day I wrk very hard and have t stay up late ding piles f papers.
15.He tried as much as he culd t fit in but he culd nt because his mind was at hme.
Ⅲ 句式仿写
1.句型公式：
不是我们一时所做的事而是我们一贯所做的事影响了我们的一生。(主旨升华)
It's nt what we d in a while that shapes ur lives，but what we d cnsistently.
2.句型公式：
然而，生产一个纸袋的耗能为生产一个塑料袋的四倍，耗水量则多达三倍。
Hwever，making a paper bag uses fur times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up t three times the amunt f water.
3.句型公式：否定词置于句首引起的倒装
我很少发现他对在院子里跑来跑去快乐玩耍的孩子们不耐烦。
Rarely have I fund him impatient with his children wh ran arund the yard playing happily.