2025届高考英语译林版（2019）一轮复习基础知识默写练习选择性必修第一册

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一、阅读单词——知其意
1.dessert n.(饭后)甜点，甜食
2.cncept n.概念，观念
3.stimulate vt.促进，激发；刺激，使兴奋
4.sur adj.酸的，有酸味的；馊的vi.& vt.(使)变坏；变味，酸腐
5.appetite n.食欲，胃口；强烈欲望
6.digest vt.& vi.消化；领会，理解 n.摘要，文摘
7.plain adj.朴素的，简单的；清楚的 n.平原
8.delicate adj.精致的，精细的，精密的；易损的，易碎的，脆弱的
二、核心单词——写其形
1.damp adj.潮湿的，湿气重的
2.dynasty n.朝，代；王朝
3.edge n.边，边缘；刀口
4.bnd n.纽带，联系；连接，结合
5.generate vt.产生，引起
6.cycle n.循环；自行车，摩托车vi.骑自行车
7.native n.出生于某国(或某地)的人；本地人
adj.出生地的；本地的
8.enhance vt.提高，增强
结合语境运用单词
9.When enugh f these errrs are averaged tgether，they cancel each ther ut，resulting in a mre accurate estimate(估计).(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)
10.It can bring a new interest and fcus int peple's lives and help t make the link(联系) between hme and nature.(2023·全国乙卷)
11.When negative emtins (情感) are ut f cntrl，prblems might seem t big t handle.
12.Gd nutritin is essential(必要的) if patients are t make a quick recvery.
三、拓展单词——通其变
1.innvate vi.改革，创新→innvatin n.创造，创新；新思想，新方法
2.gentle adj.温柔的；慈祥的；柔和的；徐缓的→gently adv.轻柔地，温和地
3.apprpriate adj.合适的→apprpriately adv.适当地；合适地
4.multiple adj.数量多的，多样的→multiply vi.& vt.乘；繁殖
5.greed n.贪婪→greedy adj.贪吃的，贪心的，贪婪的，渴望的→greedily adv.贪婪地，贪心地
6.secure adj.安全的；可靠的 vt.使安全→insecure adj.不安全的→security n.安全；保护措施；保安部门；担保，保证
7.cnsume vt.吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)→cnsumptin n.消耗；消费
8.vary vi.(根据情况)变化，变更；相异，不同 vt.变更，改变→varius adj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的→variety n.变种；不同种类；多样化
9.lse adj.不受约束的；未固定牢的；零散的；宽松的；疏松的→lsely adv.松散地；宽松地→lsen v.放松；(使)变松；松开
利用语境串记单词
10.I have been in assciatin with the girl fr several years，and I never regret assciating with her.(assciate)
11.This is the mst impressive film I've seen，which has left me a deep impressin.(impress)
12.The states cmbine with each ther，and the cmbinatin f the 50 states frms the United States f America.(cmbine)
13.The city has been expanding rapidly，whse expansin has brught damage t the natural surrundings.(expand)
14.T my relief，the new medicine bught frm Japan helped relieve the pain f my brther's injured leg.(relief)
15.The little by mixed vinegar with sugar，and the mixture tasted nt s bad.(mix)
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.cry ut fr迫切需要
2.thrw neself int投身于，热衷于
3.let sth lse放任；释放
4.fall apart破碎，破裂；崩溃
5.nt t mentin 更不用说……
6.refer t 参考；涉及；指的是
7.make up fr弥补
8.vary 从……到……不等
9.with pleasure 愉快地，高兴地
10.ver time随着时间的推移
11.appeal t对……有吸引力
12.in particular特别
根据语境选词填空
13.The cncert was attended by thusands f peple, nt t mentin the cuntless viewers wh watched it nline.
14.We are trying t raise awareness abut the envirnment in general and air pllutin in particular.
15.She determined t wrk twice as hard as befre t make up fr the lst time.
16.Bertha cried ut fr help and her mther ran t save her.
17.He knws s much abut this prblem.He must have referred t a lt f bks!
18.The bk written by Mr.Jacksn has appealed t peple in all walks f life，making it the best－seller in England.
Ⅲ 句式仿写
1.句型公式：befre引导时间状语从句
他被告知至少三个月之后才能康复并返回工作岗位。
He was tld that it wuld be at least three mre mnths befre he culd recver and return t wrk.
2.句型公式：“n matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句
事实上，这意味着如果你真的下定决心要做某事，不管有多难，永远不要放弃。(建议信)
In fact，it means that if yu are really reslved t d smething，n matter hw difficult it might be，never give up.
3.句型公式：分词短语作状语
刺骨的寒风如狼一般怒吼，使得黑暗更加令人害怕。(环境描写)
The bne－chilling wind hwled like a wlf，making the darkness even mre frightening.
选择性必修第一册 UNIT 2 The universal language
Ⅰ 单词拼写
一、阅读单词——知其意
1.symphny n.交响乐，交响曲
2.heaven n.极乐之地
3.vlume n.音量，响度；体积，容积，容量；量，额
4.lane n.(乡间)小路；小巷；车道；跑道；航线
5.rhythm n.节奏，韵律，律动；规律
6.tune n.曲调，曲子 vt.调音；调频道；调整
7.rural adj.乡村的，农村的
8.breeze n.微风，和风
二、核心单词——写其形
1.whisper vi.& vt.耳语，低语；私下说；沙沙作响 n.低语；轻柔的声音；传言
2.weep vi.& vt.(wept，wept)哭泣，流泪
3.vercme vt.受到……的极大影响；克服，解决；战胜
4.unusual adj.特别的，不寻常的；独特的，与众不同的
5.grab vt.& vi.吸引；抓住；赶紧，抓紧
6.brilliant adj.聪颖的，技艺高的；巧妙的；很成功的；明亮的
7.extrardinary adj.不寻常的，非凡的；意想不到的，令人惊奇的
8.ease n.容易，轻易；舒适，安逸 vi.& vt.(使)宽慰，减轻
结合语境运用单词
9.Frm the age f six，Terri，nw 26，accmpanied (陪伴)Derek t wrk during her schl hlidays.(2023·全国甲卷)
10.The advice deserves(值得) supprt as they give pririty t the needs f children.
11.Abandned(遗弃) by his wner，the little dg was leading a miserable life.
12.We aren't capable f guaranteeing(保证) that ur flights will never be delayed.
13.We all cnsider my father as a genius(天才)，fr he is gifted in repairing everything.
14.He stared (盯着看) at them fr the lngest time befre answering.
三、拓展单词——通其变
1.cmpse vt.& vi.作曲；组成，撰写；使镇静→cmpser n.作曲家，作曲者→cmpsitin n.成分；组成，作品；作曲
2.drama n.戏剧；戏剧文学→dramatic adj.激动人心的，引人注目的；突然的；戏剧的；夸张的
3.transfrm vt.& vi.(使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化→transfrmatin n.(彻底的)变化，改观，转变，改革
4.cmbine vt.& vi.(使)融合；(使)结合，(使)混合；兼做；合并→cmbinatin n.结合体，联合体；联合，混合
5.defend vt.& vi.保护，防御；辩白，辩解→defense/defence n.防御；保护；保卫；辩解；辩护
6.breath n.呼吸的空气；一次吸入的空气→breathe vt.呼吸vi.呼吸；透气
7.cmpany n.公司；陪伴→accmpany vt.陪同，陪伴；伴随；为……伴奏
8.remark n.谈论；言论 vt.& vi.说起；谈论；评论→remarkable adj.非凡的，奇异的，显著的，引人注目的
9.pssess vt.具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制→pssessin n.具有；拥有；个人财产；私人物品；控球状态
10.suit vt.对……方便；合身；适合；适宜 n.套装，西装→suitable adj.合适的，适宜的，适当的，适用的
利用语境串记单词
11.My daughter is very adaptable and I'm sure that she will adapt herself t the new schl and nw she is watching a film which is an adaptatin frm a real persn.(adapt)
12.He expected that everyne wuld burst ut laughing when he finished his jke，but beynd his expectatins nbdy laughed.(expect)
13.Brian is gifted in writing music；he is very likely t becme a Beethven.And mst f his classmates envy his gift.(gift)
14.He predicted that a hurricane was n the way but nbdy believed his predictin.(predict)
15.As a famus pp star，he lves being surrunded by s many fans cming t visit him frm the surrunding cities.And he als likes beautiful surrundings with green trees and flwers.(surrund)
16.On hearing the depressing news，he felt depressed and sn gt int a state f depressin.(depress)
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.tear apart使(关系密切的人)分离，分开
2.rely n依赖，依靠；信任
3.be unaware f不知道；没有察觉到
4.take in接收；领会
5.cnsist f由……组成(或构成)
6.get dwn t (ding) sth开始做某事，开始认真注意(或对待)某事
7.all f a sudden突然，猛地
8.turn ut最后是，结果是
9.with ease轻松地，不费力地
10.be capable f ding sth能够做某事；有能力做某事
11.stream int不断涌进；源源不断地流入
12.break int突然开始(做某事)；闯入；破门而入
根据语境选词填空
13.It turns ut that just lking at green，grwing things can reduce stress and put peple int a better md.
14.Thanks t yur timely help，we were able t finish the wrk with ease.
15.Clse the dr and windws carefully t prevent sme strangers breaking int yur huse.
16.The dg barked at me all f a sudden，but I drve it away with my umbrella.
17.I have learned that the exhibitin cnsists f dzens f masterpieces painted by Chinese famus artists.
18.There is nt much time left.Let's get dwn t discussing the plan.
Ⅲ 句式仿写
1.句型公式：
山太高了，我们花了几个小时才到达山顶。
The muntain was s high that it tk us several hurs t reach the tp.
2.句型公式：状语从句的省略
在申请工作时，你应该突出你的经验中与这个工作相关的部分。(建议信)
While applying fr a jb, yu shuld highlight the parts f yur experience that are related t the jb.
3.句型公式：形容词(短语)作状语
很高兴得知你对中国画很感兴趣，我写信真诚地邀请你参观我们学校正在举行的展览。(邀请信)
Glad/Delighted t knw that yu shw great interest in Chinese paintings，I am writing t sincerely invite yu t visit the exhibitin being hsted in ur schl.
选择性必修第一册 UNIT 3 Festivals and custms
Ⅰ 单词拼写
一、阅读单词——知其意
1.prtrait n.肖像，半身画像；详细的描述，描绘
2.essence n.本质，精髓；香精，精油
3.scale n.规模，范围；等级，级别；标度；比例
4.landscape n.乡村风景画；风景，景色
5.architecture n.建筑设计，建筑风格；建筑学
6.insight n.洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟
7.structure n.建筑物；结构，构造；精心组织
8.tast n.吐司，烤面包片；干杯，祝酒
vt.为……干杯；烤；取暖
二、核心单词——写其形
1.gallery n.展览馆，画廊；长廊，走廊；楼上旁听席
2.decade n.十年，十年期
3.visin n.远见卓识；视力，视野；想象
4.display vt.陈列，展出；显示，表现 n.陈列，展览；表现；展示
5.shade n.阴影部分；色度；阴凉处
6.raw adj.未经加工的，自然状态的；
生的，未烹制的
7.perspective n.透视法；态度，观点；客观判断力；景观，远景
8.crisis n.危机，危急关头；危难时刻，病危期
9.career n.经历，事业；生涯，职业
结合语境运用单词
10.The first time I read the nvel，I was charmed by its vivid (生动的) plt.
11.When I came acrss him，he was wandering(闲逛) aimlessly in the street.
12.Rare (稀有的) animals are prtected by an internatinal ban n illegal hunting.
13.The gvernment is launching an advertising campaign (运动) in rder t tell peple abut the dangers f drugs.
三、拓展单词——通其变
1.neighbur n.邻居；邻近的人(物)；邻国→neighburhd n.街区，城区；邻近的地方
2.liberate vt.解放；使自由→liberatin n.解放，摆脱
3.ambitin n.雄心；野心→ambitius adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的
4.real adj.真的→really adv.真正地；真实地→reality n.现实；实际情况；实际经历；事实→realistic adj.逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际的；明智的
5.wrth n.价值→wrthy adj.值得(或应得)……的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的→wrthwhile adj.值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)；重要的
6.dminate vt.& vi.在……中具有最重要(或明显)的特色；支配，控制；占有优势；俯视→dminatin n.支配；控制→dminant adj.占支配地位的
7.plitics n.政治→plitical adj.政治的，政府的，政权的；政党的，党派的→plitician n.政治家；政客
8.cmprehend vt.理解，领悟→cmprehensin n.理解，概括，综合→cmprehensive adj.全部的，详尽的；综合性的
9.histry n.历史学；历史→histric adj.历史上著名的；有史时期的→histrical adj.历史的；历史学的
利用语境串记单词
10.Apparently，she tk n ntice f the apparent mistakes in the accident.(apparent)
11.The parents were ppsed t their daughter ging abrad but their ppsitin didn't wrk.(ppse)
12.Many masterpieces will be exhibited in art galleries.While visiting this exhibitin，we will nt nly enjy the flk artwrks but als learn a lt.(exhibit)
13.When yu cme t China，yu can be expsed t the Chinese language and Chinese culture and this expsure will help yu adapt t China quickly.(expse)
14.The building is regularly inspected by the fire－safety fficer and the inspectin is essential.(inspect)
15.Because f the pandemic，there was such great unemplyment in the wrld that many gvernments are taking measures t create jbs fr the unemplyed and encuraging emplyers t emply mre emplyees.(emply)
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.lay eyes n看到……，看见……
2.make/leave an impressin n sb给某人留下印象
3.be struck by被……打动，迷恋……
4.lse cntrl f失去对……的控制
5.a wide range f 大范围的；各种不同的
6.in decline下降；在衰退中
7.as ppsed t(表示对比)而，相对于
8.be dwn t归因于
9.speak vlumes abut充分说明，清楚表明
10.lk frward t期望……，盼望……
11.be hused in被安置在……
12.prepare sb fr使某人为……做好准备
根据语境选词填空
13.I am lking frward t getting yur advice n hw t imprve my ral English.
14.I was struck by the extrardinary beauty f the island and I determined t cme again next year.
15.We have a wide range f curses，s yu can sign up fr any f them nline.
16.As the ecnmy was in decline，sme peple in the twn had lst their jbs.
17.The minute I laid eyes n the stray dg, I recgnized it as my neighbr's.
18.I like yur small gestures that speak vlumes abut hw much yu care.
Ⅲ 句式仿写
1.句型公式：even thugh引导让步状语从句
尽管太阳明亮地照耀着，但是判断是早晨还是夜晚是不可能的。
Even thugh the sun is brightly shining，telling whether it is mrning r night is impssible.
2.句型公式：nt als...
总之，你的讲座不仅给我们留下了深刻的印象，而且开阔了我们的视野。(活动介绍)
In a wrd，nt nly has yur lecture left a deep depressin n us，but als it has bradened ur hrizns.
3.句型公式：完全倒装
这些作品中有一些是我们的艺术老师画的画，其中一些在我们的城市很有名。
Amng the wrks are sme pictures painted by ur art teachers，sme f whm are very famus in ur city.
选择性必修第一册 UNIT 4 Explring petry
Ⅰ 单词拼写
一、阅读单词——知其意
1.nurish vt.培养，助长；抚养，滋养
2.dimensin n.方面，侧面；规模，程度；维
3.allwance n.津贴，补助；限额；零花钱
4.perceive vt.注意到，意识到；将……理解为，将……视为
5.detect vt.发现，查明，侦察出
6.rhyme n.押韵词；押韵 vt.使押韵 vi.和……同韵
7.rigid adj.死板的，僵硬的；固执的，僵化的
8.bm n.(贸易和经济活动的)激增，繁荣 vi.迅速发展，激增，繁荣昌盛
二、核心单词——写其形
1.clue n.线索，提示；迹象
2.remte adj.偏远的，偏僻的；遥远的，久远的；远亲的
3.inner adj.内心的，隐藏的；里面的，内部的
4.ideal n.理想；典范 adj.完美的，理想的
5.underg vt.经历，经受
6.striking adj.引人注目的，显著的；妩媚动人的，标致的
7.numerus adj.众多的，许多的
8.we vt.欠(情)；欠(债)；归功于；归因于
结合语境运用单词
9.I am nt afraid f making mistakes and grasp (抓住) every pprtunity t imprve myself.
10.Unfrtunately，her family underwent(经历) a tremendus change, because her father went bankrupt and gt int debt.
11.Our schl advcates(倡议) that we shuld cmmit urselves t building a lw－carbn campus.
12.The cmpany claims(声称) that their prducts can make yu slim withut dieting.
13.Blamed(责备) by his teacher，the by was frustrated and culdn't cncentrate n his study.
三、拓展单词——通其变
1.stable adj.稳定的；稳固的→stability n.稳定(性)，稳固(性)
2.title n.题目，标题；称号，头衔→entitle vt.给……命名；使享有权利，使符合资格
3.reward vt.奖励，奖赏 n.奖励，回报；悬赏金→rewarding adj.值得做的；有益的
4.cntradict vt.反驳；相矛盾→cntradictry adj.相互矛盾的，对立的
5.freeze vt.& vi.(使)结冰→freezing adj.冰冻的；极冷的→frzen adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的
6.belief n.看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心→believe vt.相信；认为真实→believable adj.可相信的→unbelievable adj.难以置信的
7.interpret vt.解释；阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi.口译→interpreter n.口译员→interpretatin n.解释；理解；演绎
利用语境串记单词
8.The distinguished scientist tld the yungsters it was imprtant t distinguish reality frm ne's dreams.(distinguish)
9.Her childhd dream became a reality，which really made her parents prud f her.(real)
10.He is a representative f his cmpany and he will represent his cmpany t sign the cntract.(represent)
11.The place f interest is s fascinating that many turists are fascinated by its beautiful scenery.(fascinate)
12.The dctr patiently listened t the patient，and tld him that the treatment needed patience.(patient)
13.My friend cnstantly accmpanied me t the gym，and withut his cnstant cmpany，I may have given up wrking ut halfway.(cnstant)
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.dig up发现，搜集，查明
2.set sth aside把……放一边；留出
3.mre imprtantly更重要的是
4.make allwance fr体谅；考虑到，估计到
5.be representative f 是……的代表，是……的典型
6.pay attentin t 注意；重视；留心；注意到
7.familiarize neself with让自己熟悉
8.be rted in根源在于；植根于
使……有别于……
10.be recgnized as 被视为……，被认为是……
根据语境选词填空
11.It was bvius that the feeling f insecurity was rted in his childhd.
12.It ges withut saying that this nvel is representative f his writing style.
13.I'm srry，Mr Smith，please make allwance fr ur difficulties.
14.Yu must familiarize yurself with the prcedures befre yu start yur wrk.
15.We must pay attentin t these prblems and take effective measures t slve them.
Ⅲ 句式仿写
1.句型公式：It＋be＋过去分词＋that...
人们相信，这种可怕的疾病很快就会得到控制。
It is believed that the terrible disease will sn be cntrlled.
2.句型公式：as if/thugh从句中的虚拟语气
他像往常一样继续工作，好像什么事也没发生。
He kept wrking as usual as if nthing had happened.
3.句型公式：主语＋be＋adj.＋t d
今天的作业容易做，因此，迈克很快完成作业，然后出去玩耍了。
Tday's hmewrk was easy t d，s Mike finished it quickly and went ut t play.