选择性必修第二册　Unit 1　Science and Scientists-2025年高考英语大一轮复习（课件+讲义+练习）

这是一份选择性必修第二册　Unit 1　Science and Scientists-2025年高考英语大一轮复习（课件+讲义+练习），文件包含选择性必修第二册Unit1ScienceandScientistspptx、选择性必修第二册Unit1ScienceandScientists高考题型组合练学生版docx、选择性必修第二册Unit1ScienceandScientists教师版docx、选择性必修第二册Unit1ScienceandScientists学生版docx、选择性必修第二册Unit1ScienceandScientists知识清单学生版docx等5份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共60页， 欢迎下载使用。

1、抓基础、重应用、强化词句的积累和运用。要求学生重视并充分利用每单元学案、课本上的重点词汇、短语和句型，以及每单元的综合训练，认真对其辨析、总结和归纳，查漏补缺，坚持积累，最重要的是能够在合适的语境中正确、灵活地运用。保证课堂高效。2、抓课堂、重效率、要求学生紧跟老师的节奏。一轮复习是将重点知识提炼，容量大，速度快。所以，学生的思路必须时时刻刻跟随着老师的思路，要快速地用脑思，用心听、用嘴说，用手写，才能达到高效。3、抓自习、重过程、增强得分的意识。学案都是在规定的时间内完成，重视规范的做题步骤，重视思考过程。更重要的是，做完题后要对做过的题目进行反思、整理。4、抓阅读、重反思、全面提高成绩。得阅读者得天下。阅读是强化英语思维的最佳途径之一。5、抓时间，重效果，扎实做好每个复习环节。一轮复习时间紧，任务重，需要同学们充分抢抓时间，利用时间，紧跟复习进度。同时，重视复习效果，做到做一件事，有一点收获。
Unit 1　Science and Scientists
chlera n.霍乱diarrhea n.腹泻dehydratin n.脱水cntradictry adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的germ n.微生物；细菌；病菌
pump n.泵；抽水机；打气筒water pump水泵husehld n.一家人；家庭；同住一所(套)房子的人raw adj.未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的statistic n.[pl.-s] 统计数字；统计资料；统计学
epidemilgy n.流行病学micrscpe n.显微镜prtein n.蛋白质cell n.细胞；小房间；单间牢房virus n.病毒
vaccine n.疫苗framewrk n.框架；结构theretical framewrk理论框架rainbw n.彩虹cncrete n.混凝土adj.混凝土制的；确实的；具体的
plasma n.血浆aerspace n.航空航天工业patritic adj.爱国的mechanical adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的mechanic n.机械师；机械修理工
aviatin n.航空制造业；航空；飞行jet n.喷气式飞机missile n.导弹astrnmer n.天文学家astrnmy n.天文学telescpe n.望远镜
severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)suspect vt.& vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责n.责备；指责
handle n.把手；拉手；柄 vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)link n.联系；纽带 vt.把……连接起来；相关联substantial adj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的decrease n.减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低
transfrm vt.使改观；使改变形态vi.改变；转变thinking n.思想；思维；见解finding n.发现；调查结果；(法律)判决initial adj.最初的；开始的；第一的
slid adj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的n.固体cast vt.(cast，cast)投射；向……投以(视线、 笑容等)；投掷shadw n.阴影；影子；背光处pur vt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)
leadership n.领导；领导地位；领导才能trace vt.追溯；追踪；查出 n.痕迹；遗迹；踪迹utstanding adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的abstract adj.抽象的；理论上的 n.(文献等的)摘要
cncept n.概念；观念besides prep.除……之外(还)adv.而且；此外brilliant adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的furthermre adv.此外；再者
fault n.弱点；过错shift n.改变；转换；轮班vi.& vt.转移；挪动；转向
frustrated adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→frustrate vt.使懊恼；使沮丧→frustratin n.沮丧；懊恼；挫败infectin n.感染；传染→infect vt.使感染；传染→infectius adj.感染的；传染的
prf n.证据；证明；检验→prve vt.证明link v.证明是multiple adj.数量多的；多种多样的→multiply vi.& vt.乘；成倍增加；繁殖
interventin n.介入；出面；干涉→intervene vi.干扰；介入pure adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→purely adv.完全地；纯粹地→purify vt.净化；使……洁净；提纯
defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解→defense/defence n.防御；保卫；保护assistant n.助理；助手→assist vt.& vi.帮助；协助→assistance n.帮助；协助；援助
gifted adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→gift n.礼物；天赋steady adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→steadily adv.稳定地；持续地
vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→vividly adv.生动地；逼真地；鲜明地
[拔高词汇] 背选修词汇
heart 把……放在心上；热心于做某事 track使……做法对路cunt n信赖；依靠；指望betray /bɪ'treɪ/ vt.背叛；出卖；流露stick up t支持；捍卫
nurture /'nɜːtʃə(r)/ vt.培育；养育undertaking /ˌʌndə'teɪkɪŋ/ n.任务；事业dwell /dwel/ vi.居住；栖身dwell n老是想着或唠叨某事(尤指令人不愉快之事)
infrm /ɪn'fɔːm/ vt.知会；通知；报告parallel /'pærəlel/ adj.对应的；平行的
nce and fr all最终地；彻底地subscribe t同意；赞同thanks t幸亏；由于break ut(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发in charge f主管；掌管
cme dwn with患(病)；染上(小病)abve all最重要的是；尤其是die frm/f死于in time及时；迟早be likely t d sth 很可能做某事
Chlera used t be ne f the mst feared diseases in the wrld，until a British dctr，Jhn Snw，shwed hw it culd be vercme.(until引导的时间状语从句)在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。
He discvered that in tw particular streets the chlera utbreak was s severe that mre than 500 peple died in ten days.()他发现在两条特别的街道上，霍乱暴发是如此严重以至于十天内死了500多人。
Snw suspected that the water pump was t blame.(that引导的宾语从句)斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首。
It seemed that the wman liked the water frm the pump s much that she had it delivered t her huse every day.(It seemed that...似乎……)该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里打水运到家里来。
Accrdingly，he had the handle f the pump remved s that it culd nt be used.(have sth dne)因此，他让人把水泵的把手拆掉，这样水泵就用不成了。Mst peple are familiar with images f him in his wheelchair，unable t mve and using a cmputer t talk.(形容词短语作状语)大多数人都很熟悉他坐在轮椅上无法动弹，只能通过电脑来说话的样子。
1.cntradictry n._______ n.____________________________________
相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的
混凝土制的；确实的；具体的
一家人；家庭；同住一所 (套) 房子的人
5.raw n.[pl.-s] ____________________________7.mechanic n. ____________________8.prtein n. ________9.cell n. ________________________10.virus n. _____
未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的
统计数字；统计资料；统计学
细胞；小房间；单间牢房
1. adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的2. vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)3. adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的4. vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责n.责备；指责
5. n. 把手；拉手；柄vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)6. n.联系；纽带vt.把……连接起来；相关联7. n.减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低
8. vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变9. vt.投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷10. n.改变；转换；轮班 vi.& vt.转移；挪动；转向
1. adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→ vt.使懊恼；使沮丧→ n.沮丧；懊恼；挫败2. adj.数量多的；多种多样的→ vi.& vt.乘；成倍增加；繁殖
3. adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→ adv.完全地；纯粹地→ vt.净化；使……洁净；提纯4. n.助理；助手→ vt.& vi.帮助；协助→ n.帮助；协助；援助
5. adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→ adv.生动地；逼真地；鲜明地6. vt.保卫；防守；辩解→ n.防御；保卫；保护
defense/defence
heart ______________________________2.cunt n__________________3.stick up t____________4. vt.背叛；出卖；流露5. vt.知会；通知；报告
把……放在心上；热心于做某事
1. 最终地；彻底地2. (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发3. 死于4. 及时；迟早5. 很可能做某事
nce and fr all
be likely t d sth
1.With slid ，the lawyer can certainly that he is inncent. (prve)2.He was with an disease and the serius ________ likely claimed his life.(infect)3.T her frm being hurt，I must say smething in her . (defend)
4.The girl wh is distributing amng the hmeless children has a fr many areas.(gift)5.With plicies，the cmpany’s exprts have been increasing ________.(steady)6.The prblem lies in deciding when t .The will help settle the prblem.(intervene)
interventin
1.Unfrtunately，the pr by a severe illness，which was difficult t the peple the fact that Changbaishan is hme t a great diversity f rare plants and animals.
subscribe t，cme dwn with，thanks t，abve all，in charge f
came dwn with
subscribe t
3.I’d like t buy a huse—mdern，cmfrtable and， in a quiet I speak t whever is Internatinal Sales please?5. his help，my speech was s successful that everyne cheered fr me.
in charge f
1.我会等到他来帮我。(until引导的时间状语从句)______________________________________________________________2.我认为我从读英文报Yuth中获益良多。(that引导的宾语从句)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.似乎我们很难解出这个数学题。(It seemed that...)______________________________________________________________
I will wait until he cme t my assistance.
I think that I have benefited a lt frm reading the English newspaper Yuth.
It seemed that we had great difficulty slving the math prblem.
4.我是如此害怕以至于我在马背上大声地尖叫。()____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.他吓得要死，不能挪动一步。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)(形容词短语作状语)______________________________________________________________
I was s frightened that I screamed at the tp f my vice n the back f the hrse.
He was frightened t death，unable t mve an inch.
Since the severe disease brke ut，many peple all ver the wrld 1._________________(infect).The specialists in epidemilgy wh are utstanding，gifted and patritic alng with their assistants have been 2.___ charge f tracing the surce f the virus in rder t defend mre peple frm 3. (kill).They desired t prduce vaccine t handle the deadly disease nce and fr all.Initially，with cncrete prf cllected，they suspected that wild bats were 4. (blame).But by bserving the virus with micrscpes，
have been infected
being killed
they gathered slid and multiple statistics and mastered the framewrk f the virus，which 5. (gradual) transfrmed their initial cntradictry thinking.All the findings made them subscribe t the idea that the virus was nt directly linked t the bats，which made the brilliant experts 6. (frustrate).This als cast a shadw n the experts，s they had t shift twards 7. t prevent the virus frm spreading amng peple. Abve all，the less we g ut，
the less likely we will cme dwn with the deadly disease.Furthermre，taking in mre prtein and eating mre vegetables are gd 8.________ (chse) as well.Last but nt least，what we shuld d is that we must wear masks utdrs.Thanks t these interventins，the threat f the disease saw a substantial decrease.The disease has taught us t lead a healthy life such as drinking pure r biled water 9. aviding raw fds.Mst imprtantly，we shuld have faith in ur gvernment，under 10. leadership，we have achieved steady success.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.指责；责备
·be t blame (fr sth)(对某事)负有责任，应受责备 blame sb fr sth 因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人 blame sth n sb/sth 把某事归咎于某人/某事·take/bear/shulder the blame (fr sth)承担(……的)过错/责任 put/place/lay the blame (fr sth) n sb把(……的)责任推给某人
(1)These biased perspectives cannt be blamed ne single cause. (2023·北京)(2)老实说，你不应该把失败完全归咎于你的搭档。毕竟，你也应该为此负责。T be hnest，yu shuld nt cmpletely ___________________________________.After all，yu shuld als ______________________________________________.(3)由于被指责考试没考好，女孩忍不住掩面痛哭。(读后续写之情绪描写) ，the girl culdn’t help crying bitterly，burying her face in her hands.
blame the failure n yur
be t blame/take/bear/shulder
the blame fr it
Blamed fr nt perfrming well in the examinatin
vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低n.减少；降低；减少量
·decrease (frm...) t...(从……)减少到…… decrease by...降低了…… decrease in...在……方面减少/减小/下降·n the decrease在减少 a decrease f...(in...)(在……方面)……的减少量
(1)Thanks t the gvernment’s timely interventin，the number f peple affected by the disease has decreased three hundred.(2)Accrding t a reprt，there has been a decrease f nearly 6% ____ the number f visitrs t the museum.(3)据报道，由于智能手机的问世，看杂志的人数在减少。It is reprted that as a result f the appearance f smartphnes ___________________________________________________________________.
number f peple wh read magazines is n the decrease/is decreasing
vt.保卫；防守；辩解[defenc(s)e n.防御；保卫；保护]
· (ding...)保护……免受…… defend neself自卫；为自己辩护·in defence (f)保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护 in ne’s defence为某人辩护
(1)Faced with the severe disaster，the gvernment firmly prmised t defend its peple being harmed.(2)The assistant stepped back appearing frightened and put up her hands as if in (defend).
against/frm
(3)看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。(读后续写之肢体动作描写)Seeing the fierce snake，_______________________________________________________________________________________________.
he rushed t defend his sn like an arrw/he rushed in defence f his sn/in his sn’s defence like an arrw
after all毕竟；终究first f all首先；第一all in all整体说来；总而言之in all全部；合计at all(否定句)一点也，完全；(疑问句)到底；究竟
用all的相关短语填空(1)Learning that yu are cming t Beijing Language and Culture University as an exchange student，I am writing t give yu sme suggestins. ，yu’d better learn sme basic Chinese befre yu cme. ，yu will be under cmpletely unfamiliar circumstances. Secndly，yu shuld be utging，active and cnfident. ，yu shuld be ptimistic，which can help yu adapt t the new surrundings easily. ，studying fr a degree in a different culture is nt easy _______.(应用文写作之建议信)
First f all
(2)Thanks t yur timely and generus help，I managed t handle the fur prblems .
Chlera used t be ne f the mst feared diseases in the wrld，until a British dctr，Jhn Snw，shwed hw it culd be vercme.在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。
until引导的时间状语从句
·画线部分是由until引导的时间状语从句，若主句的谓语动词是延续性的，那么 主句需用肯定形式；若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的，则主句常用否定式，构 成结构。·倒装结构：部分倒装“Nt until＋时间状语从句或短语＋谓语助动词＋主语＋ 谓语动词”。·强调结构：It is/was nt until＋时间状语从句或短语＋that＋主句部分。
(1)我将一直在农场工作直到我挣到足够的钱帮助爸爸买辆新拖拉机。 t help my father buy a new tractr.(2)直到我参加了篮球队，我才意识到团队合作的重要性。①I I tk part in the basketball team.()② the significance f team wrk.(倒装句)③ I realized the significance f team wrk.(强调句)
I will keep wrking n the farm until I earn enugh mney
didn’t realize the significance f team wrk until
Nt until I tk part in the basketball team did I realize
It was nt until I tk part in the basketball team that
He discvered that in tw particular streets the chlera utbreak was s severe that mre than 500 peple died in ten days.他发现在两条特别的街道上，霍乱暴发是如此严重以至于十天内死了500多人。
引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。·句型的常见形式： s＋adj./adv.＋that... s＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(单数)＋that... s＋many/much/few/little(少)＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that...
·句型的常见形式： such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(单数)＋that... such＋adj.＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that...·当s/such放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。
(1)他是如此紧张，以至于他感觉自己舌头打结，手心出汗。(读后续写之紧张心理描写)①He was he felt his tngue tied and palms sweating.② he felt his tngue tied and palms sweating.(用倒装句改写)
s nervus that
S nervus was he that
(2)自学室是一个如此吸引人的地方，因此许多学生会聚集在那里，以进一步提高他们的学习水平。 (2022·浙江6月，应用文写作)The self-study rm _______________________________________________________________________________ t further imprve their learning level.(3)你在学习上取得了如此大的进步，这次考试你一定会取得好成绩。_______________________________________________________________
is s appealing a place that/such an appealing place that many students will gather there
Yu have made such great prgress that yu are sure t d well in this exam.
Accrdingly，he had the handle f the pump remved s that it culd nt be used.因此，他让人把水泵的把手拆掉，这样水泵就用不成了。
have sth dne
have sth dne使某事被做；请人做某事；主语遭遇某事have sb d sth 让某人做某事have sb/sth ding sth 让某人一直做某事或让某事处于某种状态can’t have sb ding sth 不能容忍某人做某事have sth t d有某事要做
(1)我们开始帮忙摘桃子，然后让人把它们送到农民家里。(2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)We began t help pick peaches and then _________________________________________.(2)我很遗憾地告诉你，我将会让你退出比赛，因为我们不能容忍任何人在比赛中作弊。I regret t tell yu that I will ，fr we ___________________________ in the game.
had them delivered t the
farmers’ huses
have yu quit the cmpetitin
can’t have anybdy cheating
(3)我非常抱歉让你等了这么长时间，因为刚才我有一件紧急的事情要处理。(应用文写作之道歉信)I am terribly srry fr ，because just nw.
having yu waiting fr me fr s lng
I had an urgent thing t attend t
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
(1)The way yu handle chpsticks is imprtant t avid annying yur cmpanins. (2022·全国甲)(2)Driving a car is nt just handling cntrls but judging speed and distance.(3)Tea in China was traditinally drunk frm cups withut handles.
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(4)Cnsider turning yur travel plan ver t a travel agent and letting him duble-check all the details，make suggestins，and then handle the actual reservatins. (2023·浙江1月)
2.subscribe t
(1)He subscribes t the view that we can tackle the severe prblem in this way nce and fr all.(2)This is the schl the utstanding and patritic scientist subscribed t generusly in the past.(3)Using the mney I earned in the hliday，I have subscribed t multiple magazines recently.
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3.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加颜色词汇的汉语意思(1)The research lacks slid prf，and therefre，its cnclusins are dubtful.(2)It’s my turn t be n the night shift.(3)He read thrugh the papers and made an abstract f their cntents.(4)Over twenty prisners were crushed int a small dark cell.(5)The gvernment needs t pump mre mney int cmmunity care.
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1.Furthermre，table tennis is an interesting game that peple all ver the wrld play it.2.I have t say his defence because he，an hnest man，wn’t steal anything in the grcery reality，the mechanic made a severe mistake， (shift) his weight nervusly frm ne ft t anther.(读后续写之紧张心理描写)4.Hwever (gift) yu are，yu wn’t succeed withut cnstant effrt and perseverance.
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
5.I was vercme with sadness because I was suspected stealing his a mean wman is she that she is always finding fault thers，which really gets us utstanding astrnmer wh devted himself t his career came dwn a severe illness.8.I entirely believe that yu are nt linked what happened just nw.
9.Thanks t yur generus help and kindness，my first Canada trip was transfrmed an unfrgettable memry.(应用文写作之感谢信) 10.In a sense，we shuld blame the present terrible envirnment ____ humans’ ver-cnsumptin.
1.我写信告诉你，上周我们学校举办了一场主题为“科学之美”的科学节，其目的是提高学生的科学意识。(that引导宾语从句)_______________________________________________________________2.活动期间，安排了一系列科学知识小测验、吸引人的先进技术讲座和来自学生的各种科学作品展览，我们仿佛在享受一场科学盛宴。(which seems that...)_______________________________________________________________
3.活动几乎持续了一整天，直到标志着最后一节课结束的铃声响起。(until引导时间状语从句)_______________________________________________________________4.既激动又兴奋，不仅学生，部分教师也积极参与其中。(形容词短语作状语)_______________________________________________________________5.这次活动非常吸引人，所有参与者都对这次活动给予了高度评价。(引导倒装句)_______________________________________________________________
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Dear Peter，Hw is everything ging these days？I am writing t tell yu that a science festival with the theme f “The Beauty f Science” was launched in ur schl last week，with the purpse f raising students’ awareness f science.
During the activity，a series f scientific knwledge quizzes，appealing lectures abut advanced technlgies，and displays f varius scientific wrks frm us students were arranged，which seemed that we were having a science feast.The activity lasted almst a whle day until the bell indicating the end f the last class rang.Thrilled and excited，nt nly students but als sme f the teachers participated in it actively.S attractive is the activity that all participants speak highly f it and hpe such activities will be held frequently.
S much is the activity.Lking frward t yur early reply.Yurs，Li Hua
情感细节描写：愤怒(一)
杰出人物Knwing Qian Xuesen was determined t return t his mtherland，the authrities f the US ①____________________________________________________.They ②________________________________________ and detained his families，③ (定语从句).④ (倒装结构) he gave up all he had achieved in America.⑤ (with的复合结构)，
went bananas/biled with anger/gt ht
under the cllar
culdn’t allw such a brilliant genius t leave
which made him flame with anger/rage
S angry was he that
With a flame f anger in mind
he wisely fught with the US and after vercming many difficulties，he managed t return t China in 1955.His return ⑥__________________________________ and ⑦ ，China develped the Dngfeng missiles.
cast a light n China’s
rcket science
under his leadership