北师大版（2019）高中英语必修第二册 Unit 5《Humans and Nature 高频单词精讲》课件

这是一份北师大版（2019）高中英语必修第二册 Unit 5《Humans and Nature 高频单词精讲》课件，共32页。

Unit 5 高频单词精讲北师大版（2019）高中英语必修第二册 1 | comment n.评论;意见 vi.& vt.评论;发表意见　　Comments　beautiful, quiet, green, busy, crowded评论　美丽的、安静的、绿色的、繁忙的、拥挤的 (教材P28)高频词汇精讲词汇用法归纳 ①make a comment/comments 　      ...对……进行评论/发表意见 ②comment 　     /upon...评论……;对……发表意见 ③comment+　      评论说……on/aboutonthat从句高频词汇 2 | survive v.活下来;幸存;比……活得长;幸免于难,挺过(难关)to survive a storm 从风暴中活下来 词汇用法归纳①survive sth. 幸免于某事物;从某事物中挺过来/活过来②survive sb. 　     ...比某人多活……③survive 　     ...从……存活下来/留存下来④survive 　     ...靠……存活/生存byfromon词汇拓展①survival n.[U]幸存,存活;[C]幸存事物,残存物②survivor n.幸存者,生还者 3 | frightened adj.受惊的,害怕的　　The moment I heard the word I became very frightened.我一听到这个词就变得非常害怕。 词汇①be frightened 　     (doing) sth.害怕(做)某事②be frightened 　     ...害怕做……③be frightened+　     ...害怕……④be frightened to death 吓得要死ofto dothat从句词汇拓展①frightening adj.令人惊恐的,骇人的②frighten vt.使害怕,使惊吓 vi.害怕,受惊吓frighten...away/off把……吓走;把……吓得不敢(做某事)frighten sb. to death把某人吓得要死frighten sb. into (doing) sth.把某人吓得做某事③fright n.惊吓,恐怖with fright害怕地•The little girl was frightened at the sight of the frightening snake and was shaking with fright.这个小女孩一看到这条可怕的蛇就感到很害怕,吓得发抖。 易混辨析 4 | curious adj.好奇的;求知欲强的;稀奇古怪的　　After a while, I became curious about the whirlpool itself.过了一会儿,我开始对旋涡本身感到好奇。词汇用法归纳①be curious 　     ...对……感到好奇②be curious 　     sth.很想做某事aboutto do词汇拓展①curiously adv.好奇地②curiosity n.好奇心out of curiosity出于好奇show curiosity about...对……显露出好奇心词汇拓展 5 | observation n.观察;观测;监视;观察结果 I then made three important observations.后来我得到了三个重要的观察结果。 词汇用法归纳①　     observation 在观察中;在监视下②make observations　     under进行观测词汇拓展①observe v.看到,注意到;观察,注视,监视;遵守(规则、法律等);庆祝,庆贺observe sb. do/doing sth.看到某人做了/正在做某事observe+that从句 注意到……observe a rule/the law遵守规则/法律•We cannot always observe all the customs handed down to us from the past.我们不能总是遵守从过去传下来的所有的习俗。•It can help you observe campus life outside the classroom.它可以帮助你观察课堂外的校园生活。 (2021天津)•The police observed a man enter the bank.警察注意到一名男子走进了银行。②observer n.观察者特别提醒observe后可用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语,但在被动语态中,即不定式作主语补足语时,to不能省略。 6 | equal adj.相等的;相同的;能胜任的 n.同等的人 v.与……相等;比得上,敌得过 ...the second, between two objects of equal extent, round objects fell down more rapidly...……第二,在两个同样大小的物体之间,圆的物体下落得更快…… (教材P31)词汇用法归纳 ①be equal 　     与……相等;能胜任/能应付……(　     为介词) ②be equal in...在……方面平等 ③be without equal/have no equal 　      ④A equal B 　     (doing) sth. A在(做)某事上比得上或敌得过Btoto无与伦比;无敌in词汇拓展①equally adv.平等地;同样地;相等地•The quality of life in France is equally excellent.法国的生活质量同样出色。 ②equality n.平等;相等;均等racial/social/sexual equality种族/社会/男女平等•All men are born equal, so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand.人人生而平等,所以每个人都希望被平等对待,因为平等是基本要求。 7 | escape vi.& vt.逃离;逃避 n.逃跑,逃脱,逃避;暂时解脱　　Without waiting, I jumped into the sea to try and escape.没有等待,我跳进海里试图逃跑。词汇用法归纳 ①escape 　     ...从……逃脱②escape (　     )sth.避免/逃脱(做)某事③escape to/into...逃往/逃进…… ④a narrow escape 　     ⑤make one’s escape某人逃跑fromdoing死里逃生 词 8 | attempt n.& vt.努力,企图,试图,尝试　　In a rescue attempt during the Nepal earthquake...在尼泊尔地震的一次救援行动中…… 词汇用法归纳 ①in an attempt 　      sth.为了做某事②make an attempt 　      sth./at (doing) sth.试图做某事③　      the first attempt第一次尝试 ④attempt 　      sth.试图/努力做某事to doto doatto do词汇拓展attempted adj.未遂的用法归纳 ①do/cause damage (　     ...) (对……)造成破坏/伤害②serious/severe/minor damage重大的/严重的/轻微的损坏 ③be badly damaged 　     to遭受严重损害易混辨析 9 | damage n.损伤,伤害,损害 v.损害,伤害;损坏,破坏词汇 10 | measure vt.测量;估量,衡量 n.措施,方法;判断;衡量　　...and other loss and damage that is hard to measure.……以及其他难以估量的损失和损害。词汇用法归纳 ①measure... 　     ...用……来计量/衡量……②measure sb. 　     ...为……而给某人量尺寸 ③take measures (　     sth.)采取措施(做某事)④　     measure 非常,极其⑤in full measure最大程度地;最大限度地⑥made to measure量身定制byforto dobeyond词汇拓展measurement n.测量,度量;尺寸,长度特别提醒(1)measure表示“措施”之意时常用其复数形式measures;(2)measure表示“有……长(宽、高等)”时是连系动词,后跟测量的数值,不用于进行时和被动语态,作定语时要用现在分词形式,有类似用法的还有weigh。 11 | operation n.行动,活动;手术;操作;运作　　Mr Wang, I know you have been part of many rescue operations overseas...王先生,我知道你参与了很多海外救援行动…… (教材P103)词汇用法归纳①bring/put... 　     operation使……运作/运转;实施……②come/go 　     operation开始实施;开始生效③　     operation工作中;使用中;有效④perform an operation 　     sb.给某人做手术intointoinon词汇拓展①operate v.运转,运作;做手术;起作用;操作;经营operate on...=give/perform an operation on...给……做手术be operated by...由……操作•The doctor decided to operate on the patient’s eyes.医生决定给这个病人的眼睛动手术。•A drone is an aircraft without a pilot that is operated by remote control.无人机是一种没有飞行员的飞机,通过遥控操作。②operator n.操作人员;技工;接线员;经营者•Can a small group of drones guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? 一小群无人机能保证铁路的安全性和可靠性,同时帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元吗?  12 | suffering n.(肉体或精神上的)痛苦;折磨　　But it’s our duty to try our best to reduce suffering and the loss of life.但我们有责任尽最大努力减少痛苦和生命的丧失。 词汇词汇拓展suffer v.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦;遭受,蒙受suffer from...遭受……之苦;患……病•The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water short-age.在树木遭受最严重缺水的地区,大树的损失最大。•A large number of people around the world are still suffering from lack of food.全世界仍有大量的人遭受着缺乏食物的痛苦。特别提醒 suffer用作及物动词时,其后常接的宾语有loss、pain、injury、punishment、hunger、defeat等;suffer from表示遭受战争、自然灾害等带来的苦难及患病之意。 13 | preparation n.准备,预备　　...both teams organised food bases in preparation for their journeys the next year.……两队都筹备了粮食基地,为他们第二年的旅程做准备。 词汇情景导学In preparation for the Olympic Winter Games,the government built several stadiums.为冬季奥运会做准备,政府建了几个体育场。As the running race was coming, students were making preparations for it.随着跑步比赛即将到来,学生们正在为它做准备。用法归纳①in preparation 　     ...为……做准备②make 　     for...为……做准备forpreparations词汇拓展①prepare v.准备prepare sb. for sth.使某人为某事做好准备prepare to do sth.准备做某事prepare for...为……做准备(强调动作)•The teacher is preparing a quiz, while the students are preparing for it.老师正在准备一次测试,而学生们正在为测试做准备。②prepared adj.准备好;有所准备;愿意;事先做好的be prepared for sth.为某事做好准备(强调状态)be prepared to do sth.愿意做某事 14 | break down 停止运转,出故障;垮掉;(使)分解;失败;禁不住哭出来;消除　　First, his two sledges broke down...先是他的两辆雪橇坏了…… 词汇情景导学It takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down, but much less time for paper.塑料分解需要数百年,但纸张分解需要的时间要少得多。My brother’s health broke down under the pressure of work.我哥哥因工作压力身体垮掉了。词汇拓展①break in强行进入②break out爆发;突然开始•A fire broke out near here yesterday.昨天这附近突然发生了一场火灾。③break into强行闯入;突然开始(笑、唱等)④break off折断;中断⑤break up结束;(物理)分解;破裂;解散•The meeting didn’t break up until noon.集会到中午才结束。⑥break through克服;战胜;突破⑦break away from突然挣脱;逃脱特别提醒 break up和break down都可以表示“分解”。break up表示物理上的分解;break down表示化学上的分解,即通过分解生成了新的物质。情景助记break down各词义辨析 分解 出故障 情不自禁地哭起来 谈判失败情景助记高频词汇积累词汇积累课程结束