高考英语优化训练：语法填空3

这是一份高考英语优化训练：语法填空3，共11页。
Ⅰ.体验高考
(2014·广东)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Last year，my brther and I went t Miami fr a vacatin.Sme f my friends wh had been there befre said __1__ was a wnderful hliday destinatin.Befre we went，we had planned fr mnths.When the day came，we were ready.
After ur plane landed，we went t the htel.We had made ur reservatin six mnths __2__(early)，but the man at the frnt desk said there had been a mistake.We __3__(tell)that ur rms hadn't been reserved fr that week，__4__ fr the week after.I didn't understand __5__ this wuld happen and my credit card had already been charged __6__ the reservatin.What's wrse，the htel had been fully bked.When we were wndering what t d，the manager came ut.She was __7__(surprise)helpful.She aplgized fr the mistake and gave us a spare VIP rm n __8__ tp flr.We had never stayed in such an amazing rm，and we weren't charged extra.
The next day，my brther and I went t the beach __9__ we watched sme peple play vlleyball.We gt a little __10__(sunburn)，but the day had been s relaxing that we didn't mind.
【语篇导读】 本文是一篇记叙文，记述了我和我兄弟去Miami(迈阿密)旅游，当到达目的地后，来到六个月前订的宾馆，却意外被告知订的房间是下个星期的，且该宾馆房间已订满。正当不知如何办时，经理出来了，将他们安排在留出来的VIP房间，且不另外收他们的钱，真是喜出望外的事。
1．解析 在said后的宾语从句中缺主语，应填代词；指代前句中的Miami这个地方，应用it。
答案 it
2．解析 在句中作状语，依然用副词；不变词性，因为是较早的做的事，所以用比较级。
答案 earlier
3．解析 由句意可知，是“我们被告知”，由上下文的时态可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。
答案 were tld
4．解析 根据上下句意，意为“不是为那个星期订的，而是为后一个星期所订的”，为结构。
答案 but
5．解析 意为“我不知道为什么会发生这样的事”，故用why引导宾语从句。
答案 why
6．解析 是习惯搭配。
答案 fr
7．解析 因本句已有作表语的形容词helpful，所以应当用副词来修饰形容词helpful，指“令人惊讶地，意外地”，故填surprisingly。
答案 surprisingly
8．解析 特指“在顶楼”。
答案 the
9．解析 先行词是地点the beach，且在定语从句中作状语，故填where (＝n which ＝and n the beach ＝and there)。
答案 where
10．解析 在表示“变化”的gt后作表语，要用形容词；sunburn是名词，其形容词形式是burnt或burned。
答案 sunburnt/sunburned
Ⅱ.仿真模拟
Passage 1
A certain man planted a rse and watered it faithfully and befre it blssmed，he examined it.He saw the bud __1__ wuld sn blssm，but nticed thrns (棘刺) upn the stem and he thught，“Hw can any beautiful flwer cme __2__ a plant burdened with s many sharp thrns？” Saddened by this thught，he __3__(neglect) t water the rse，and just __4__ it was ready t died.
S it is with many peple.Within every sul there is __5__ rse.The Gd­like qualities planted in us at birth，grw amid the thrns f ur faults.Many f us lk at __6__ and see nly the thrns，the defects.We despair，__7__(think) that nthing gd can pssibly cme frm us.We neglect t water the gd within us，and __8__(event) it dies.We never realize ur ptential.
Sme peple d nt see the rse within themselves; smene else must shw __9__ t them.One f the __10__(great) gifts a persn can pssess is t be able t reach past the thrns f anther，and find the rse within them.
【语篇导读】 本文讲述每个人心中都有一朵玫瑰。我们要透过自己的缺点，看到自己的优点。
1．解析 引导限制性定语从句，指代先行词bud。
答案 that/which
2．解析 根据cme frm“来自于”可知。
答案 frm
3．解析 由与之并列的谓语died可知，用一般过去时。
答案 neglected
4．解析 因在and后有it was...和it died两个句子，且这两句之间没有关联词，故填关联词；表示“在……之前，还没来得及……”，用befre。
答案 befre
5．解析 每个人的灵魂深处都有一朵玫瑰，用不定冠词。
答案 a
6．解析 前有us，我们很多人审视自己，用反身代词。
答案 urselves
7．解析 前已有谓语动词despair，think前又没有连词，故用现在分词表示伴随。
答案 thinking
8．解析 此处需要用副词修饰谓语，故要作词类转换。
答案 eventually
9．解析 代词it指代前面的rse。
答案 it
10．解析 根据句意，尤其是“ne f”可知用最高级。
答案 greatest
Passage 2
When we d nt understand each ther's language，we can talk with the help f signs.A Frenchman was nce traveling in England.He culd nt speak English at all.One day he went int a restaurant and __1__(sit) dwn at a table.When the waiter came，he pened his muth，put his fingers in it and tk __2__ ut again.He wanted t say，“Bring me __3__ t eat.”
The waiter sn brught him a cup f tea.The man mved his head __4__ side t side.The waiter understd him and tk the tea away.In a mment he came with a cup f cffee，__5__ the man again refused it.He shk his head __6__ the waiter brught him smething t drink，fr drinks are nt fd.
When the man was ging away，__7__ man came in.This man saw the __8__(wait)，and he put his hand __9__ his stmach.That was enugh.In a few minutes there was a large plate f meat and vegetables n the table in frnt f him.
__10__，yu see，smetimes we can understand the language f signs as well as we can understand the language f wrds.
【语篇导读】 本文介绍当两个陌生人彼此之间没办法理解对方的语言时，可以借助手势进行交流，但有时也会产生误会，造成误解。
1．解析 用过去时，与前面的动词went int并列，前后时态一致。
答案 sat
2．解析 指代前面的his fingers。
答案 them
3．解析 不定代词“一些东西”，下面一段有提示。
答案 smething
4．解析 与t连用，构成“frm side t side”。
答案 frm
5．解析 表转折，因为后面有一个动词refuse。
答案 but
6．解析 根据前后的关系，可知引导时间状语从句“无论什么时候”。
答案 whenever/when
7．解析 表示“另一位，另一个”，接单数名词。
答案 anther
8．解析 在冠词后用名词，表示“侍者，服务员”。
答案 waiter
9．解析 表示，“把手放在肚子上”。
答案 n
10．解析 因此，承上启下，表示“总结”。
答案 S/Therefre
Passage 3
Wealth has always been what sme peple lng fr.It is true that mst f them try t acquire wealth by means f hnest labur.__1__ effrts cntribute t the welfare f the sciety and at the same time t the accumulatin f their wealth，and hence t their happiness.
There is n dubt that wealth brings happiness，especially in the mdem sciety.Varius kinds f up­t­date husehld appliances，__2__(late) fashins and recreatins make their appearance with each passing day.All this makes ur life mre cmfrtable and clurful.Therefre，withut mney we cannt turn __3__(admire) int reality.
But there are exceptins __4__ wealth des nt g hand in hand with happiness.Wealth may tempt weak­willed persns t be addicted __5__ harmful habits，such as drug­taking and gambling，and result in their wn rain.Besides，a persn may lse his reasn and g astray (误入歧途) if he intends nly t seek wealth and indulges himself in leading a luxurius life.Fr example，there are sme gvernment fficials __6__ take advantage f their psitins t take bribes (贿赂) frm __7__ peple turning t them fr help.All these __8__ (bring) abut the negative effect f wealth if we dn't take a prper attitude t it.
In my pinin，__9__ n accunt can we identify wealth with happiness.I als believe that ne shuld never reckn nly n wealth __10__(achieve) happiness.
【语篇导读】 本文是议论文，主要论述幸福与财富的关系，说明幸福与财富没有多大关系。
1．解析 指代前文的mst f them且与后面的effrts构成修饰关系，故填their。
答案 Their
2．解析 作定语修饰后面的名词fashins，故填形容词latest(最新的)。
答案 latest
3．解析 词类转换，作谓语动词turn的宾语，故填其名词形式。
答案 admiratin
4．解析 两者之间没有关联词，必定是填关联词；根据两句之间的逻辑关系应填when。
答案 when
5．解析 固定搭配，be addicted t“沉溺于”。
答案 t
6．解析 引导限制性定语从句，先行词为fficials，故填wh/that。
答案 wh/that
7．解析 因为peple后接turning t them fr help，作后置定语，故填the。
答案 the
8．解析 位于主语后面且缺谓语，故填will bring。
答案 will bring
9．解析 固定搭配，n n accunt意为“决不”。
答案 n
10．解析 从句中已有谓语动词，该空为非谓语动词且作目的状语，故填t achieve。
答案 t achieve
Passage 4
Mney may nt buy yu happiness，but having a happy childhd can make yu lts f mney.A study has fund that children __1__ a sunny temperament (性情) g n t earn mre as adults，even if their parents were nt educated r high earners.And within the same family，__2__ is the happiest wh tend t earn the mst.The study examined the happiness levels f 90,000 children and yung adults in the U．S.，and __3__(cmpare) the data t their levels f incme as adults.Even when __4__ factrs were taken int accunt，the ecnmists __5__(carry) ut the study fund that happiness levels when yung clearly determined higher earnings in later life.Fr example，thse __6__ life satisfactin increased by ne pint n a scale f ne t five at the age f 22 were likely t earn ￡ 1,200 mre __7__ year by the age f 29.Prfessr Andrew Oswald f Warwick University，the study's c­authr，said: “This research prvides yet anther reasn fr the need t create an __8__(emtin) healthy hme envirnment.” Ecnmists have lng recgnised that thse with higher incmes tend t be __9__(happy)，but this is the first study which shws the ecnmic benefits f being happy when yung.The authrs said happier peple tended t be mre prductive，which may explain __10__ they were prmted mre quickly than their mre pessimistic clleagues.
【语篇导读】 研究表明，钱可能买不了幸福，但幸福的童年能够让你长大后赚更多的钱。
1．解析 空格后是个名词短语“a sunny temperament”，这个名词短语既不作主语，也不是动词的宾语，那么它的前面就应该是个介词，由它和前面的名词children可知，是指“性情开朗的孩子”，介词短语作定语。
答案 with
2．解析 由句式结构可知，此句是强调句型。
答案 it
3．解析 连词and连接并列的两个谓语动词examined和cmpared。
答案 cmpared
4．解析 由上下文可知，幸福快乐的童年是成年后赚钱更多的关键因素，但不是唯一的因素，别的因素也要考虑(take int accunt)进去。
答案 ther
5．解析 句中的谓语动词是fund，carry就应是非谓语动词了，它的逻辑主语是the ecnmists，二者之间是主动关系，用现在分词carrying，分词短语carrying ut作定语修饰the ecnmists。
答案 carrying
6．解析 此处是定语从句，先行词是thse，由于从句中已有主语life satisfactin，那么关系代词就不是wh，而是作life satisfactin的定语的whse。
答案 whse
7．解析 此处a有“每一”的意思， ￡1,200 mre a year，每年多赚1,200英镑。
答案 a
8．解析 修饰后面的形容词healthy要用副词形式，然后emtinally healthy再修饰后面的名词短语hme envirnment。
答案 emtinally
9．解析 由句意可知，经济学家们认识到收入更高的人往往更幸福，要用比较级。
答案 happier
10．解析 由句意可知，更快乐的人更高效，这也就是他们为什么比他们那些更悲观的同事更容易获得升迁的原因，why引导一个从句，作谓语动词explain的宾语。
答案 why
Passage 5
Sme peple have very gd memries，and can easily learn quite lng pems by heart.There are ther peple wh can nly remember things __1__(make) they have said again and again.
A gd memry is __2__ great help in learning a language.Everybdy learns his wn language __3__ remembering what he hears when he is a small child.Sme children dn't live in their wn cuntry; they seem t learn tw languages almst as easily as __4__.In schl，it is nt s easy t learn a freign language __5__ students have s little time fr it and they are busy with __6__ lessns，t.
A man's mind is rather __7__ a camera，but it takes phts nt nly f what we see but als f __8__ we feel，hear，smell and taste.When we take a real pht with a camera，there is much t d when the pht __9__ (finish) and ready t shw t ur friends.In the same way，there is much wrk __10__(d) befre we can keep a picture frever in ur minds.
【语篇导读】 人的记忆力各不相同，好的记忆力对学习有很大的帮助。人的头脑与照相机一样，必须把所看到的一切东西记在脑海中并加以处理。
1．解析 引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语。
答案 that/which
2．解析 不定冠词泛指“一个”帮手，前后对应。
答案 a
3．解析 表示方式，手段，后面接动词的­ing形式。
答案 by
4．解析 表示一种语言，与前面对应，说明学两种语言跟学一种语言一样容易。
答案 ne
5．解析 引导原因状语从句，因为后面讲到学生们在学校里学习语言的时间很少。
答案 because
6．解析 不定代词“其他的，别的”，后面接复数名词。
答案 ther
7．解析 介词“像”，指人的头脑就像照相机一样。
答案 like
8．解析 作介词f宾语又引导宾语从句，含有两层成分。
答案 what
9．解析 用一般现在时被动语态，因主语是相片，所以用被动。
答案 is finished
10．解析 不定式被动式作定语，修饰wrk。
答案 t be dne
Passage 6
(2014·深圳高三第二次模拟考试) A cuple had been married fr ver 60 years.They shared everything，talked abut everything and kept n secrets __1__ each ther except that the wman had a bx in a drawer __2__ she had cautined her husband never t pen r ask her abut.
He'd never thught abut it ever since.One day __3__ wman gt very sick and the dctr said she wuldn't recver.T srt ut their affairs，the husband tk dwn the bx and __4__ (bring) it t his wife's bedside.She agreed it was time that he shuld knw __5__ was in the bx.
__6__ (pen) it，he fund tw small table mats and a sum f mney ttaling $25,000.He asked her abut the cntents.“When we were t be married，”she said，“my grandma tld me the secret f happy __7__ (marry) was never t argue，and I shuld just keep quiet and make a mat __8__ I gt angry with yu.”
The man was s __9__ (mve) that he had t fight back tears.She had nly been angry with him twice in all thse years f living and lving！“Hney，”he said，“that explains the mats，but what abut the mney？Where did it cme frm？”
“Oh，”she said，“that's the mney I made frm selling __10__ .”
【语篇导读】 本文为记叙文。讲述一对夫妇的故事，妻子临终前把一直对丈夫保密的一个盒子的秘密告诉了丈夫。
1．解析 考查介词。固定搭配：keep sth frm sb瞒着某人。句意：他们分享一切，谈论一切，彼此没有秘密。
答案 frm
2．解析 考查定语从句。先行词为a bx，故用关系代词which或that都可以。句意：除了那位妇女的一个抽屉里有个盒子，她警告她的丈夫不要打开或问她。
答案 that/which
3．解析 考查冠词。用定冠词the特指那个妇女。
答案 the
4．解析 考查动词的时态。由并列连词and可知，此处应用bring的过去式brught作tk的并列谓语。
答案 brught
5．解析 考查宾语从句。此处用what引导宾语从句。句意：她认为是时候让他知道盒子里面是什么东西。
答案 what
6．解析 考查非谓语动词。pen和逻辑主语he是主动关系，此处用现在分词作伴随状语。
答案 Opening
7．解析 考查词性转换。前有形容词happy修饰，此处应用marry的名词形式marriage，happy marriage：幸福的婚姻。
答案 marriage
8．解析 考查连词。用if引导条件状语从句或用when引导时间状语从句。句意：如果/当我生你的气时，我应该保持冷静然后做一个垫子。
答案 if/when
9．解析 考查动词。用动词的过去分词作形容词表示the man的感受，mved：受感动的。
答案 mved
10．解析 考查代词。用them代替the mats。
答案 them