人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land课时练习

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land课时练习，共18页。
1.A child's vcabulary (扩大) thrugh reading.
2.Air is necessary if certain imprtant (化学的) changes are t take place.
3.The prblem faced by (名人) has a lng histry.
4.Here bthu and rural areas have greatly prfited frm the recent ecnmic refrms.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2021浙江)Leslie Nielsen's (devte) t acting is wnderfully inspiring.
2.If yu are in need f an (extend) f the deadline, simply explain the situatin t the prfessr.
3.Many histrical dcuments were destryed when the library (bmb) during the Secnd Wrld War.
Ⅲ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1.It is whispered he refused t reveal the surces f his infrmatin.
2.(2024广东揭阳月考) may be pssible that a substance which is left in fd culd get int the human bdy while the persn is eating.
3.【易错题】 it was a genuine jb ffer r an eye-catching marketing event isn't really imprtant.
4.When they will cme (have) nt been decided.
5. did this will sner r later be caught and punished.
6.It is nt clear we can d t imprve this situatin.
7.(2024重庆重点中学联考) excited me in particular was enjying the irresistible mn cakes, knwn as a symbl f the blessing.
题型(二)
1.很明显,保护濒危动物是一项紧迫的任务。(it)
prtecting endangered animals is an urgent task.
2.会议何时召开还未决定。
has nt been decided yet.
3.(2022全国甲写作)首先,我们能做的是重视我们的日常行为。
First f all, is place imprtance n ur daily actins.
4.我们应该知道的是生活是充满欢笑和泪水的。
is that life is full f laughter and tears. (读后续写—主旨升华)
5.有人建议把会议推迟到下周一。(it作形式主语,suggest)
the meeting until next Mnday.
6.她没有参加六月份的英语演讲比赛的原因还不清楚。
the English speech cntest in June is still nt clear.
7.他是队里最好的球员,这是事实。(it作形式主语)
he is the best player in the team.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2024河南省中原名校联考)
Nt lng ag, peple culd nly buy rganic fd in small shps. Tday it is cmmn in mst majr supermarkets. The reasn fr the increase is that mre and mre peple are demanding fd grwn withut chemicals. Since the 1990s, rganic farming prductin has gne up cntinuusly. This pattern is expected t cntinue arund the glbe.
Australia leads the wrld in land used fr rganic agriculture. It has fur times as much land devted t rganic farming as all f Asia. Hwever, mst f the land is nt very fertile, and it nly prduces a mdest amunt f fd. Argentina is a distant secnd, fllwed by Brazil, the United States and China. In Africa, nly a very small amunt f land is registered fr rganic farming. That des nt mean Africa relies n chemicals. In fact, many farmers d nt use chemicals because they cannt affrd them. Yet there are n prgrammes fr these farmers t prve they d nt use chemicals. Withut these prgrammes their fd can never be prved rganic.
India has had the mst dramatic recent increase in rganic farming. Like many ther cuntries, India sees cntinual grwth in rganic fd sales arund the wrld. This, f curse, leads t grwth in prfits. Sales f rganic fd were mre than dubled frm 2000 t 2005. Like India, many cuntries are trying t increase cmmercial rganic farming t get a share f the sales. This has led t criticism. Sme peple believe that rganic farming shuld nt just be abut making mney. They think the gal is t help the envirnment. Others say rganic farming will nt cntinue if it is nt prfitable. They say that peple shuld be able t make mney while prviding healthy fd fr mankind.
1.What is the passage mainly abut?
A.Organic fd has becme much mre cmmn.
B.Peple d nt want t eat fd with chemicals in it.
C.Organic farming is grwing arund the wrld.
D.Cuntries all want t make mney frm rganic farming.
2.Why d peple want t increase rganic farming?
A.Mre and mre peple demand chemicals t grw fd.
B.Prfits frm rganic farming help make apprved prgrammes.
C.There are fewer chemicals available t the human beings.
D.Organic fd is gd fr the Earth and human beings.
3.Frm the passage, it can be said that .
A.India uses the least land fr rganic farming
B.the US is the furth largest rganic farming cuntry
C.Brazil uses less land fr rganic farming than China
D.China and India have the same amunt f rganic farmland
4.What can be inferred frm the passage?
A.Peple wh eat fd with chemicals have a shrter lifespan.
B.India will sn becme the largest cuntry f grwing rganic fd.
C.Mre cuntries will farm rganically as the envirnment gets wrse.
D.There will be fewer rganic farms if the demand fr rganic fd ges dwn.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024河北保定期中)
Tmat plants are adaptable t less-than-ptimal cnditins, but meeting their preferred cnditins yields the juiciest and mst delicius fruit.
Light. 1 In extremely ht cnditins, the mrning sun and afternn shade are sufficient. Althugh the plants can grw in mainly shady areas, the prductin f fruit will be severely limited.
Sil and water. Tmat plants grw best when they have fertile sil and cnsistent misture (水分). If the rainfall is less than 25.4 millimeters per week, yu need t water them yurself. 2 Placing much arund yur tmat plants discurages weeds, maintains sil misture, and prevents the rain frm splashing the sil with diseases nt the leaves. Aim fr a 3- t 4-inch-thick layer f the rganic cvering, such as straw, chpped leaves r finely shredded wd chips.
Temperature and humidity (湿度). 3 Wait until the sil warms in spring befre setting ut plants. Tmat plants grw well when the temperature is abut 25℃. Althugh they lve the sun, when the temperature rises abve 40℃, they will stp grwing. Tmates like a relatively high humidity level f 65 percent t 85 percent. Levels higher than this range negatively affect the plants.
4 Tmat plants grw best when fertilized at tw specific times during the grwing seasn: right after planting and just befre the fruit develps. Apply balanced liquid plant fd t them.
Pruning (打杈). Tmat plants dn't have t be pruned. Hwever, remving any side sht(侧枝) grwing between the main stem and a branch is a gd idea. 5
A.Fertilizer.
B.The planting area.
C.Tmates are warm-weather fans.
D.In general, tmat plants require the full sun.
E.Hwever, t prevent diseases, avid wetting the leaves.
F.T make them grw better, water them as ften as yu can.
G.They can influence the grwth f main branches grwing fruit.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2023广东深圳实验学校阶段练习)
When I was a by grwing up, I cannt nce ever remember either my mm r my grandmther wasting fd. Anything we didn't eat at ne meal was 1 , stred, and served as leftvers later n. I can remember my grandmther making a huge pt f brwn beans with a large cake f crnbread. We wuld all eat until we were 2 but there were always abut half f the beans 3 . A few days later Grandmther wuld take thse 4 ut f the refrigeratr, bil pasta(意大利面食), add parsley(欧芹) and 5 them all tgether int a delicius meal. And I als remember that when I 6 my mm fry bacn fr us in the mrnings, she wuld always take the butter and carefully pur it int a cntainer. Then she wuld 7 it t flavur s many ther dishes.
I learned their 8 well and after I grew up I tried t never waste fd myself. I always 9 the week's meals ahead f time and nly bught what was n my shpping 10 s nthing went t waste. Every meal went int ur stmachs and any leftvers were later eaten by either myself, my bys, r my dgs. T me thrwing fd in the trash was just 11 . All the wrk it tk t grw it, harvest it, and prepare it needed t be 12 and nt wasted.
I learned smething else ver the years, hwever: When it cmes t 13 there are n leftvers. Each mment that yu dn't live is 14 frever. Life cannt be saved. Life cannt be 15 . Life has t be lived, TODAY!
B.estimated
C.saved D.pured
B.full
C.unbearable D.cntent
ut B.left ver
C.made use f D.fed up with
B.pts
C.dishes D.beans
B.dip
C.mix D.fry
B.felt
C.heard D.helped
B.remve
C.digest D.use
B.experiments
C.lessns D.prcedures
B.cked
C.distributed D.cllected
B.list
C.bag D.spt
B.cmmn
C.awesme D.endless
B.ignred
C.recycled D.hnred
B.thinking
C.shpping D.ending
B.lst
C.hidden D.ccupied
B.transfrmed
C.stred D.defeated
答案与分层梯度式解析
Part 2 Learning Abut Language &Using Language
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.chemical 3.celebrities 4.urban
Ⅱ 考查名词。由后面的系动词is可知,设空处在句中作主语,根据所有格Leslie Nielsen's可知,应填名词,故填devtin。句意:莱斯利·尼尔森对表演的热爱非常鼓舞人心。
2.extensin 考查名词。根据设空处前面的an和后面的f可知此处应填名词,故填extensin。句意:如果你需要延长截止日期,就简单地向教授解释一下情况。
3.was bmbed 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知,设空处作从句的谓语,根据during the Secnd Wrld War可知,此处表述的事情发生在过去,所以用一般过去时;bmb表示“轰炸;对……投炸弹”,the library和bmb之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态,the library为单数形式,故填was bmbed。
Ⅲ.题型(一)
1.that 考查连词。本句中的It是形式主语,设空处在句中充当主语从句的引导词,分析从句的结构可知,从句中不缺少成分且语意完整,故用that引导主语从句。句意:有人私下说,他拒绝透露他的资料来源。
类比启发 本题中,“It is+过去分词+that从句”也可看成一个固定的句型,类似的表达还有:It is suggested that...; It is reprted that...; It is assumed that...等。
2.It 考查it作形式主语。该句可转换为:That a substance which is left in fd culd get int the human bdy while the persn is eating may be pssible.,所以that引导的从句是句子真正的主语,空处应用it作形式主语,且位于句首,首字母应大写,故填It。句意:食物中残留的物质可能会在人进食时进入人体。
3.Whether 考查从属连词。连接的成分作句子的主语,表示“是……还是……”,设空处是主语从句的引导词,且位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Whether。句意:这是一份真正的工作邀请还是一场引人注目的营销活动并不是很重要。
易错归因 本题容易错填If,注意if不可以引导位于句首的主语从句。若有it作形式主语,把主语从句后置时,可用if引导。
4.has 考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,设空处及后面的nt been decided在句中充当主句中的谓语,而主句的主语是When引导的主语从句,由从句来充当主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。故填has。
5.Whever 考查连接代词。分析句子结构可知,“ did this”是一个主语从句,设空处是该主语从句的引导词,此处指“无论谁做了这件事,迟早会被抓住并受到惩罚”,设空处表示“无论谁”,且单词位于句首,首字母应大写,故填Whever。
6.what 考查连接代词。本句中的It是形式主语,设空处在句中充当主语从句的引导词,分析从句的结构可知,设空处作d的宾语,此处指做的事情,应填what。
7.What 考查连接代词。分析句子结构可知,“ excited me in particular”是一个主语从句,设空处是该主语从句的引导词,且在从句中充当主语,此处指“尤其令我兴奋的是”,由此可知应填What (注意单词位于句首,首字母大写)。句意:尤其令我兴奋的是吃到极诱人的被称为祝福的象征的月饼。
题型(二)
1.It is apparent/bvius that 2.When the meeting will be held 3.what we can d 4.What we shuld knw 5.It is suggested that;shuld be put ff 6.Why she didn't take part in 7.It is a fact that
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。有机食品有益于环境和人类,目前世界上很多国家都在提倡有机种植。
1.C 主旨大意题。
根据各段内容分析可知,本文主要介绍了有机农业在世界各地的发展。故选C。
易错归因 本题易误选A项。原因在于第一段开头就提到了有机食品变得越来越普遍。但结合全文的内容来看,第一段的开头提及有机食品变得越来越普遍是为了引出下文对有机农业的介绍,A项只是一个引入的细节,不能概括主旨。
2.D 推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“The reasn fr the increase is that mre and mre peple are demanding fd grwn withut chemicals.”并结合常识可知,有机食品在种植的时候没有使用化学品,所以受到了越来越多的人的喜欢。由此可推知,人们想发展有机农业的原因是有机食品不破坏环境,且对人的身体健康有好处。故选D。
3.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Australia leads the wrld in land used fr rganic agriculture.”和第四句“Argentina is a distant secnd, fllwed by Brazil, the United States and China.”可知,澳大利亚拥有世界上最多的有机农田,阿根廷排在第二名,巴西、美国和中国紧随其后。按照文中排序,美国应是第四大有机农业国家。故选B。
4.D 推理判断题。根据第一段以及最后一段第五句“Like India, many cuntries are trying t increase cmmercial rganic farming t get a share f the sales.”可知,人们对有机食品的需求不断增加带来利润的增加,由此促进了有机农业的迅速发展。故反向思考,如果人们对有机食品的需求量下降了,没有利润,那有机农业的规模也会随之变小。故可推知,如果对有机食品的需求下降,有机农场就会减少。故选D。
易错归因 本题易误选C。原因在于考生脱离文章进行了过度推断。文章谈到有机农业发展是因为人们对健康生活的追求,而没有谈到其与环境变差之间的关系。从常识上看,环境变差时人们也不一定要从食物上进行改善,空气原因、温度原因都可能导致环境变差。
【高频词汇】 1.demand vt.需要;强烈要求 n.要求;需求 把……用于…… 3.distant adj.遥远的;远处的;疏远的;心不在焉的 4.register vt.& vi.登记;注册 5.rely n依赖,依靠 6.dramatic adj.巨大的;突然的;急剧的;戏剧般的 7.duble v.(使)加倍
【熟词生义】 1.mdest adj.不太大的 2.see v.经历;目睹 3.share n.份额
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了种植番茄的最佳条件。
1.D 细节句。根据设空处前的“Light(光线).”以及设空处后提到的“在极端炎热的条件下,早晨的阳光和下午的阴凉就足够了。虽然这种植物可以在大部分是阴凉的地区种植,但其果实产量将受到严重限制”可推知,本段与光线有关。D项“一般来说,番茄植株需要充足的阳光”符合语境。故选D。
2.E 细节句。上句“If the rainfall is less than 25.4 millimeters per week, yu need t water them yurself.”谈到给番茄植株浇水。E项“不过,为预防病害,应避免弄湿叶子”说明自己浇水时的注意事项,也是在讲浇水,符合逻辑。故选E。
3.C 细节句。根据段首提到的“温度和湿度”以及下文的“Wait until the sil warms in spring”和“Tmat plants grw well when the temperature is abut 25℃.”可知,C项“番茄喜欢温暖的天气”符合语境。其中warm是关键词。故选C。
4.A 主旨句。根据设空处后的“fertilized”和“liquid plant fd”可知,本段主要介绍施肥,所以空处应与施肥有关。故A选项“Fertilizer(肥料).”符合语境。
5.G 细节句。设空处上句提到除去主茎和一条分枝之间生长的侧枝是一个不错的想法。G项“它们能影响长果实的主枝的生长”承接上文内容,说明剪枝的原因,符合语境。故选G。
【高频词汇】 1.shade n.阴凉处;灯罩;阴影部分
2.sufficient adj.足够的;充足的 3.cnsistent adj.连续的
4.relatively adv.相对地 5.negatively adv.消极地
6.balanced adj.均衡的 7.remve vt.去除;移开;脱去
【熟词生义】 discurage v.阻止,阻拦
【差距词汇】 1.less-than-ptimal adj.不够理想的
2.splash v.把……溅在……上 3.chp v.切碎,剁碎
4.shred v.切碎 5.chip n.碎屑
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者从小受祖母和妈妈的熏陶,学会了保存和充分利用剩菜而不浪费,认为我们要尊重所有的劳动成果。随着时间的推移,作者也学到了生活不能储存,要尽情去生活。
1.C 根据下文“stred, and served as leftvers later n”可知,此处表示把剩菜“保存”起来。thrw扔掉;estimate估计;save节省,保存;pur倾倒,倒出。故选C项。
2.B 根据“We wuld all eat”和“but there were always abut half f the beans”可知,此处描述吃饭的情节,结合选项可知full符合语境,指一直吃到“饱”,但是还会有一半左右的豆子剩下。uncmfrtable不舒服的;full饱的;unbearable难以忍受的;cntent满意的。故选B项。
3.B 根据but表示的转折意义并结合此处语境可知,此处指“但总有一半左右的豆子剩下”。pick ut精心挑选;be left ver剩下,残留;make use f利用;be fed up with厌倦。故选B项。
4.D 根据上文“Anything we didn't eat at ne meal served as leftvers later n.”和“there were always abut half f the beans”可知,吃饭剩下的东西后面会再吃,所以此处指从冰箱里拿出“豆子”。cake蛋糕;pt锅;dish菜肴;bean豆子。故选D项。
5.C 根据下文“all tgether int a delicius meal”可知,祖母把豆子、欧芹和意大利面食“混合”到一起,做成美味的一餐。rll滚动;dip浸,蘸;mix混合;fry油煎。故选C项。
6.A 根据下文“my mm fry it int a cntainer”可知,这是描述妈妈做饭的动作,所以此处指“看”妈妈煎培根,小心地把黄油倒到一个容器里。故选A项。
7.D 根据“t flavur s many ther dishes”可知,此处指“用”它给很多菜调味。swallw吞咽;remve移开;digest消化;use使用。故选D项。
8.C 根据下文“after I grew up I tried t never waste fd myself”可知,作者长大后也不浪费食物,很好地学习了家人这种节约食物的“经验”。recipe菜谱;experiment实验;lessn经验,教训;prcedure步骤。故选C项。
9.A 根据“ahead f time and nly bught nthing went t waste”可知,为了不浪费任何东西,作者会提前“计划”好一周的饮食。 plan计划;ck煮,烹饪;distribute分配;cllect收集。故选A项。
10.B 结合语境可知,此处指“购物清单”。bill账单;list清单;bag包,袋;spt地点。故选B项。
11.A 根据上文“Every meal went int ur stmachs and any leftvers were later eaten by either myself, my bys, r my dgs.”可知,作者尽量不浪费食物,所以把食物扔进垃圾桶对作者来说是“不对的”。wrng不对的;cmmn共同的,普遍的;awesme令人惊叹的,很困难的;endless无止境的。故选A项。
12.D 根据设空处后的“nt wasted”可知,种植、收获和准备食物都是辛苦劳动,不应该被糟蹋,结合语境可知所有的工作都应被“尊重”。cnfirm证实;ignre忽略;recycle回收利用;hnr尊重。故选D项。
13.A 根据下文“Life cannt be saved.”可知,生活无法被保存下来,所以此处是作者对“生活”的认识。living生活,生计;thinking想法,思考;shpping购物;ending结尾。故选A项。
14.B 根据下文“Life cannt be saved.”可知,生活无法被保存下来,所以你失去的每一刻都将永远“失去”。brken破损的;lst失去的;hidden隐藏的;ccupied使用中的。故选B项。
15.C 根据下文“Life has t be lived, TODAY!”可知,此处和上文“Life cannt be saved.”同义,指生活无法“储存”,所以今天就去认真生活吧! replace替代;transfrm转变;stre储存;defeat击败。故选C项。
【高频词汇】 1.refrigeratr n.冰箱 2.pur v.倾倒,倒出 3.cntainer n.容器 4.ahead f time提前 5.harvest v.收割;收获 6.mment n.片刻;瞬间
段落
主要意义
Para. 1
有机食品变得很普遍。有机农业生产持续增长。这种模式预计将在全球范围内继续下去。
Para. 2
澳大利亚、阿根廷、巴西、美国、中国以及非洲的有机农业、有机产品情况。
Para. 3
印度的有机农业发展以及世界上许多国家都在努力增加商业有机农业。