2024届四川省百师联盟高三下学期信息押题卷（三）全国卷英语试卷（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份2024届四川省百师联盟高三下学期信息押题卷（三）全国卷英语试卷（原卷版+解析版）
2024届高三信息押题卷(三)全国卷英语试题注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。考试时间为120分钟，满分150分第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How did Julia get to school this morning?A. By bus.B. By bike.C. By car.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Hi, Julia, nice to meet you here. Why don’t you take the bus to school?W: I usually do, but I was ill this morning. So my mother gave me a lift.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where will the speakers go probably?A. The shopping center.B. The college.C. The cafe.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: Hello, Amy, will you please go to the cafe with me? It’s interesting to drink coffee and watch the people.W: But a cup of coffee costs three and a half pounds there. We can hang out at the nearby shopping center. That’s affordable.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the man’s dream job?A. A publisher.B. A journalist.C. A businessman.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: I quit! I have to admit this, but getting a job at a newspaper is just unreachable.W: Cheer up! You’ve wanted this for your whole life. You can make it if you just keep trying.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why does the man lack confidence in his role?A. He dislikes his role.B. The long lines puzzle him.C. He can’t get along well with Miss Margarita.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: Sorry, Miss Margarita, the lines are too long for me to remember them all. You’d better find another student to play this role.W: Don’t worry, Jack. There’s still time. Believe yourself and keep practicing.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. The weather.B. Their brother.C. A present.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: I know what to get for our brother’s birthday.M: A computer?W: No, even better. A dog.M: That’s a bad idea. Look outside! It’s snowing. Do you think he wants to walk a dog in the snow?第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. What does the man think of most plays?A. They are too expensive.B. They are badly written.C. They are hard to understand.7. Where do the speakers decide to go?A. To the theater.B. To the cinema.C. To the concert.【答案】6. B 7. C【解析】【原文】W: Kevin, shall we see a film this evening? We haven’t go to the cinema together for a long time.M: OK! But I hate love stories. Are there any science fiction films on today?W: I’m afraid not. How about going to the theater?M: Well, most plays are badly written, though they’re not expensive.W: Why not go to a concert? You like music very much, don’t you?M: Yes, live music. Let’s search and book the tickets online.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. What makes Grant Restaurant different from its competitors?A. The low prices.B. The choice of menus.C. The environment.9. Why does the man talk to the woman?A. To discuss menu options.B. To make a reservation.C. To advertise for a restaurant.【答案】8. A 9. B【解析】【原文】W: Morning, sir! Welcome to Grant Restaurant. May I help you?M: Morning! I saw an advertisement for your restaurant online, and I’m interested in holding a company dinner there. Can you give me some more information?W: My pleasure. When you hold a corporate party at our restaurant, you’d better choose one of our beautiful private dining rooms. You’ll be given a choice of three set menus, each of which includes eight courses. And none of our competitors can match our very reasonable prices.M: That sounds great. I’ll actually have several new colleagues in October, so I’m planning to welcome them by taking them all out for dinner.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10. Why is Angela watching an English movie?A. She wants to have a break.B. She wants to improve her listening.C. She needs to write a movie review.11. Who got an A in the last physics test?A. Kevin.B. Angela.C. Daisy.12. How does Angela sound in the end?A. Positive.B. Curious.C. Worried.【答案】10. A 11. C 12. A【解析】【原文】M: Hi, Angela. What are you doing?W: I’m watching TV, Kevin. What’s the purpose of your call?M: There will be a physics test next Tuesday. I hope we can study together.W: Oh, I was doing the physics exercises just now. But they really gave me a headache. So I’m watching an English movie to relax.M: I know what you mean.W: But why do you want to study with me? You know I didn’t get an A in the last physics test.M: Yeah, I know. Daisy was the only one who got an A in the last physics test. But two heads are better than one, right?W: Yes. You’re right. Though some physics exercises are difficult, we can discuss and solve them together.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13. Why did Cindy go to New Bond Street?A. To do some shopping.B. To have a meal.C. To look for her wallet.14. What does Bob Kumar do?A. He’s an assistant.B. He’s a singer.C. He’s a writer.15. What will Cindy get from Bob Kumar?A. Several books.B. Some money.C. An album.16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Friends.B. Classmates.C. Co-workers.【答案】13. A 14. B 15. C 16. A【解析】【原文】M: Hi, Cindy. You look happy.W: Hi, Kris. I had a wonderful day.M: Really?W: Yes, I went shopping in New Bond Street this afternoon. I saw a man with a pile of books in the street and he dropped his wallet behind him. I picked it up and gave it back to him.M: And then?W: To my surprise, I found that he is Bob Kumar.M: Oh, he has sung many famous songs.W: Yeah. Believe it or not, he was grateful and gave me some money, but I refused. He promised to let his assistant mail me one of his albums in a few days.M: Wow, that’s great. I love his music! You’re so lucky.W: So are you. I’m going to share it with you when I get the album.M: Oh, thank you. In that case, I’ll treat you to dinner. What time will you get off work tomorrow? I can pick you up.W: Thank you I get off work at 6:00 p. m.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. Where is the meeting held?A. On an online platform.B. At a history museum.C. In a school conference room.18. What does the meeting focus on?A. The aim to cut carbon footprint.B. How IT is reshaping our education.C. The environmental problems facing us.19. Who will attend the conference?A. City officials.B. Climate experts.C. University professors.20. How will the attendees get the update s of the conference?A. By interacting with teachers.B. By receiving email.C. By completing the registration.【答案】17. A 18. B 19. C 20. B【解析】【原文】Hello, everyone. It’s my pleasure to welcome all the participants today for the three-day School Conference 2024. I warmly welcome all the distinguished speakers and guests from all over the country and from different walks of life. You have come together on the platform to share your knowledge and vast experience with the student community. This is the first conference in the history of our school, which is completely conducted online in line with our aim to cut our carbon footprint and improve our environment awareness.The theme of this conference is about the aspects technologies are changing us due to the development of new IT tools such as ChatGPT and Sora as well as the great impacts on our education. We are proud to announce that this conference is being conducted along with the tech-experts, educators, university professors from South Korea and Finland, who have contributed a lot to the primary and secondary education. Participants are welcome to interact with our colleagues during the various free activities. Please register for each activity by completing the Guest Registration by May 11, 2024. You will receive updates and notices regarding the conference by email.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2024 Cambridge Open DaysJoin us in July 2024 for our next undergraduate Open Days. Our next undergraduate Open Days will take place on Thursday 4 July and Friday 5 July 2024.Cambridge Open Days are aimed at prospective applicants from Year 12 (or equivalent) and mature applicants (aged 21 or over), together with their parents or supporters, to help them learn more about the University.What to expectDuring the Open Days you can find out about our courses, the Colleges and departments, university facilities, the application process, student life, and finance.You can also ask our current staff and students questions about living and studying at the University of Cambridge.Both days will have a similar programme, with most events running between 9:30 am and 4:30 pm (UK time).Visit before the Open DaysVisit our events listing page to discover other events including applicant webinars (网络研讨会) and events run by the Colleges and departments.Many of the College are open to visitors throughout the week, please check with the relevant College before visiting for opening times. If you’d like to meet with a member of admission staff during your visit, please contact one of the Colleges’ admission offices in advance to make an appointment.If you want to get a feel for Cambridge before you arrive, check out our Virtual Tour and visit Colleges and facilities using our platform.Booking information for 2024Bookings for the 2024 Open Days will open in Spring 2024. You will need to register via the online booking form and once registered you will receive a booking confirmation via email. Please note that each prospective applicant can bring a maximum of one guest with them to the Open Day. To keep up-to-date and receive an email once bookings are live, subscribe to our student newsletter.21. Who are the Cambridge Open Days primarily aimed at?A. Researchers from other universities.B. High school students in Year 11 and 12.C. International tourists visiting Cambridge.D. Possible applicants and their supporters.22. What can attendees expect during the Open Days?A. Participating in student clubs.B. Asking current students questions.C. Attending lectures by professors.D. Submitting their college application.23. How can a participant book for the Open Days?A. By visiting the events listing page.B. By e-mailing an admission officer.C. By completing the registration online.D. By subscribeing to the student newsletter.【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章对剑桥大学2024年7月14、15日本科生开放日的信息进行了公布。【21题详解】细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“Cambridge Open Days are aimed at prospective applicants from Year 12 (or equivalent) and mature applicants (aged 21 or over), together with their parents or supporters, to help them learn more about the University. (剑桥开放日针对12年级（或同等年龄）的潜在申请人和21岁或以上的成熟申请人，以及他们的父母或支持者，帮助他们了解更多关于剑桥大学的信息)”可知，剑桥开放日的主要目标是可能的申请人和他们的支持者。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。文章What to expect部分第二段讲到“You can also ask our current staff and students questions about living and studying at the University of Cambridge. (您也可以向我们现有的教职员工和学生询问有关在剑桥大学生活和学习的问题。)”可知，参与者可以询问当前学生的问题。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。文章Booking information for 2024部分第二句“You will need to register via the online booking form and once registered you will receive a booking confirmation via email. (您需要通过在线预订表格进行注册，一旦注册，您将通过电子邮件收到预订确认。)”可知，参与者预约开放日需要完成在线注册表格。故选C。BAfter the death of her mother, Margaret Renkl gently placed in an antique jar the “soft white hair” left behind in her mother’s hairbrush. Years passed. When it no longer carried the smell she cherished, Renkl laid the hair across a tree branch in her yard. This act was meant as a direct invitation to the birds in her yard, and it was accepted: A chickadee flew off with the hair for the nest she was building.Renkl devotes only a half-page to this story, but it conveys the beautiful theme of human and other-animal lives at the heart of her new book The Comfort of Crows: A Backyard Year. Renkl brings alive in 52 chapters her love for the animals in her half-acre yard in Tennessee. Equally moving, she expresses her great sadness about the human-caused crises the natural world faces, and her determination to take action.She makes good on her promise. She treats an injured fox, with the help of a trap, a bit of bacon, and advice from a veterinarian (兽医); she also ensures that leaves from the trees in her yard are left uncleaned so that insects and birds overwinter can dine there; she fills a garden with milkweed in support of butterflies, and creates a shelter for tree frogs in the form of a 40-gallon tank filled with water and frog-friendly plants.Compared to the tone of her earlier collections of essays, Late Migrations and Graceland, there’s a touch of extra sadness in Renkl’s new book. That’s not only owing to what’s happening to the natural world. Renkl’s parents have died and her three sons have all left home, “they all packed off to their own lives”; Renkl is “a little bit lost and a little bit tired.”In these days of climate crisis, the phenomenon of ecological sadness is real. In order to seize opportunities to help, we do require fuel to restore our spirits. It’s easy to find that fuel in Renkl’s chapters like “The Bobcat Next Door,” “Praise Song for the First Red Leaf of the Black Gum Tree,” and “Loving the Unloved Animals.”24 Why does Renkl mention her mother’s hair in her book?A. To remember her departed mother.B. To invite birds to nest in her yard.C. To develop the theme of her book.D. To draw public attention to her book.25. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?A. What Renkl does for wildlife.B. Renkl’s boring daily routines.C. How Renkl tackles her mental stress.D. Renkl’s promise to her mother.26. What can we infer about the tone of Renkl’s current writing?A. It is full of worry and surprise.B. It is affected by changes in her family.C. It mainly features natural world.D. It focuses on the climate change.27. What does the author suggest doing to restore our spirits?A. Showing ecological sadness.B. Reading Renkl’s new book.C. Protecting animals and plants.D. Fighting against ecological crisis.【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Margaret Renkl写的《乌鸦的安慰》一书，虽有点悲伤，但传达了人类和其他动物生活的美好互动。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容和第二段第一句“Renkl devotes only a half-page to this story, but it conveys the beautiful theme of human and other-animal lives at the heart of her new book The Comfort of Crows: A Backyard Year. (Renkl只用了半页纸来讲述这个故事，但它传达了人类和其他动物生活的美好主题，这是她的新书《乌鸦的安慰：后院的一年》的核心。)”可知，Renkl提及母亲的头发是为了引出书的主旨。故选C。【25题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“She makes good on her promise. She treats an injured fox, with the help of a trap, a bit of bacon, and advice from a veterinarian (兽医); she also ensures that leaves from the trees in her yard are left uncleaned so that insects and birds overwinter can dine there; she fills a garden with milkweed in support of butterflies, and creates a shelter for tree frogs in the form of a 40-gallon tank filled with water and frog-friendly plants. (她履行了她的诺言。她用陷阱、一点熏肉和兽医的建议来治疗一只受伤的狐狸；她还确保院子里的树叶不被清理干净，这样昆虫和鸟类就可以在那里过冬；她在花园里种满了马利筋，以支持蝴蝶，并以一个40加仑的水箱的形式为树蛙创造了一个庇护所，里面装满了水和青蛙友好的植物。)” 本段主要介绍的是Renkl对野生动物采取的保护行动。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Renkl’s parents have died and her three sons have all left home, ‘they all packed off to their own lives’; Renkl is ‘a little bit lost and a little bit tired.’ (Renkl的父母已经去世，她的三个儿子也都离开了家，“他们都各自过着自己的生活”；Renkl“有点迷失，有点疲惫。”)可知，她现在的写作基调也受到家庭的影响。故选B。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“In order to seize opportunities to help, we do require fuel to restore our spirits. It’s easy to find that fuel in Renkl’s chapters like ‘The Bobcat Next Door,’ ‘Praise Song for the First Red Leaf of the Black Gum Tree,’ and ‘Loving the Unloved Animals.’ (为了抓住机会提供帮助，我们确实需要燃料来恢复我们的精神。在Renkl的《隔壁的山猫》、《黑桉树第一片红叶的赞歌》和《爱那些不被爱的动物》等章节中，我们很容易找到这种动力。)” 可知，作者建议读者阅读Renkl的新书。故选B。CIt is generally assumed that humans are the only species that deal with the social memories and the ability to remember friends and loved ones even if one has not seen them for a long period of time But humans may not be alone. New research from Johns Hopkins University has shown that chimpanzees (黑猩猩) also recognize their friends even when they have not seen them in years.Lead researcher, Dr. Christopher Krupenye was inspired to create this research study due to his sense over the many years that he worked with apes (猿) that individual chimpanzees recognized him even if he hadn’t seen him in a while.“You have the impression that they’re responding like they recognize you and that to them you’re really different from the average zoo guest,” Dr. Christopher told CTV News. “They’re excited to see you again. So our goal with this study was to ask if that’s the case: Do they really have a lasting memory for familiar social partners?”In order to test whether chimpanzees remember their friends, the researchers printed photos of chimpanzees who had died or left zoos in Edinburgh, Scotland, Belgium, and Japan. Then they showed those photos of the animal’s former group mates alongside photos of stranger apes to the participating animals at the zoos. Using eye tracking technology, the researchers were able to discover that the apes spent more time looking at their friends than they did at the apes they were not familiar with.The research team believes that apes’ long term social memory can stretch back at least twenty six years. Additionally, they believe that this may indicate that like humans, chimpanzees can miss their friends and families.Whatever the case, it is clear that this study shows that chimpanzees are similar to humans. So the next time you visit the zoo take some time to befriend your local chimpanzees. They may just remember you for many years to come.28. What do people usually agree with according to paragraph 1?A. Only humans have the long-term social memories.B. Humans and chimpanzees have the same ancestors.C. Chimpanzees have longer social memory than humans.D. Chimpanzees are the only species to recognize humans.29. What inspires Dr. Christopher to study chimpanzees?A. Their flexible body language.B. Their identification ability.C. Their understanding of friendship.D. Their control of their behaviors.30. How does a chimpanzee probably respond seeing a photo of a familiar partner?A. He may remain still.B. He may get stressed.C. He may lose temper.D. He may become excited.31. What can be inferred about chimpanzees from the study?A. They are guided by social emotions.B. They can be trained to remember humans.C They pay much attention to the value of friendship.D. They show their feelings openly as humans do.【答案】28. A 29. B 30. D 31. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍一项研究发现：猿类会记住朋友，解释了研究开展的经过以及发现。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“It is generally assumed that humans are the only species that deal with the social memories and the ability to remember friends and loved ones even if one has not seen them for a long period of time.(人们普遍认为，人类是唯一具有社会记忆的物种，即使长时间没有见过朋友和亲人，人类也有能力记住他们)”可知，人们普遍认为只有人类有长期的社会记忆。故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Lead researcher, Dr. Christopher Krupenye was inspired to create this research study due to his sense over the many years that he worked with apes (猿) that individual chimpanzees recognized him even if he hadn’t seen him in a while.(首席研究员克里斯托弗·克鲁本耶博士的灵感来自于他多年来与猿类一起工作的感觉，即使他有一段时间没有见过他，个别黑猩猩也能认出他)”可知，黑猩猩的识别能力激励Christopher博士对其进行研究。故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“They’re excited to see you again.(他们很高兴再次见到你)”可知，Christopher博士表达黑猩猩很高兴再次见到他。以及第五段“The research team believes that apes’ long term social memory can stretch back at least twenty six years. Additionally, they believe that this may indicate that like humans, chimpanzees can miss their friends and families.(研究小组认为，猿类的长期社会记忆至少可以追溯到26年前。此外，他们认为这可能表明黑猩猩和人类一样，也会想念他们的朋友和家人)”可知，当看到熟悉的伙伴的照片时，黑猩猩极有可能非常高兴。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whatever the case, it is clear that this study shows that chimpanzees are similar to humans. So the next time you visit the zoo take some time to befriend your local chimpanzees. They may just remember you for many years to come.(无论如何，很明显，这项研究表明黑猩猩与人类相似。所以下次你去动物园的时候，花点时间和你当地的黑猩猩交朋友吧。他们可能会记住你很多年)”可推断，研究表明黑猩猩像人一样也是有社会情感的动物。故选A。DTen years ago, I was asked to predict what science teaching in schools would look like in 100 years. I replied, somewhat jokingly, that it would look exactly the same as it did 100 years ago: classrooms full of children sat at desks with a teacher in front of them. Today, I would find it much more difficult to be light-hearted about such a question, because I am concerned that the way some students are being taught science is changing.Around the world, a shortage of relevant teachers may threaten the future of science and engineering. In some places, many students are already having lessons where there is no science teacher. Instead, they are using an online learning platform while an assistant teacher watches over them.I am a physics teacher; I am not against the use of technology in schools. But there are possible effects or the future of science, and who gets to do it, that we should consider. I know of schools where the subject has been taught by PE or geography teachers. Schools with the largest numbers of pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds are least likely to have teachers with relevant science qualifications. If we are concerned about diversity and equity in science, this should disturb us.Teaching is a demanding job with a workload many find unacceptable. It also lacks the flexibility, status and pay of some other graduate roles. In these circumstances, the use of online learning may well offer a better solution than relying on under-qualified staff to teach science. The current UK government seems to think so too, funding pilot schemes of AI-powered teaching resources and work towards “providing every teacher with a personalised AI lesson-planning assistant”.Surveys consistently show that many scientists credit their teachers as the reason they pursued a career in this field. I hope that science education doesn’t become so poor that it deprives future generations of the life-changing experiences that inspired many scientists before them.32. What can be inferred from the first paragraph?A. Students are being taught science in an easy way.B. Student are no more interested in science as before.C. Science teaching’s future will stay the same as today in 100 years.D. Science teaching’s future is tough to predict exactly in 100 years.33. What is one reason for the shortage of science teachers according to the author?A. The public pays little attention to education.B. There are more AI-powered teaching resources.C. Teachers get inadequate pay compared with others.D. School leaders don’t want to employ more science teachers.34. What does the underlined word “deprives” in the last paragraph mean?A. Robs.B. Identifies.C. Calculates.D. Predicts.35. Which is the best title for the text?A. Every Science Teacher CountsB. Teaching Science Without TeachersC. Requirements for TeachersD. A New Phenomenon in Schools【答案】32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。有研究发现，目前全世界各国都缺少科学教师，作者认为，这种情况或将威胁科学和工程的未来。因此，作者呼吁我们都应该关注科学教师的短缺问题。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Ten years ago, I was asked to predict what science teaching in schools would look like in 100 years. I replied, somewhat jokingly, that it would look exactly the same as it did 100 years ago: classrooms full of children sat at desks with a teacher in front of them. Today, I would find it much more difficult to be light-hearted about such a question, because I am concerned that the way some students are being taught science is changing. (十年前，有人让我预测100年后学校的科学教学会是什么样子。我有点开玩笑地回答说，它看起来和100年前一模一样：教室里满是孩子坐在课桌前，老师在他们前面。今天，我发现要轻松地回答这样的问题要困难得多，因为我担心一些学生接受科学教育的方式正在发生变化。)”可知，因为一些学生接受科学教育的方式正在发生变化，预测100年后学校里的科学教学将会是什么样子会更难。故选D项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Teaching is a demanding job with a workload many find unacceptable. It also lacks the flexibility, status and pay of some other graduate roles. In these circumstances, the use of online learning may well offer a better solution than relying on under-qualified staff to teach science. (教学是一项要求很高的工作，很多人觉得工作量太大无法接受。它也缺乏其他一些毕业生职位的灵活性、地位和薪酬。在这种情况下，使用在线学习可能比依靠不合格的教师来教授科学提供更好的解决方案。)”可知，教学是一项要求很高的工作，而且许多人都觉得其工作量太大，教师职业提供的灵活性、地位和薪酬也无法与其他一些专业毕业生的职位同日而语，与其他人相比，教师的工资不足。故选C项。【34题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“I hope that science education doesn’t become so poor (我希望科学教育不要变得如此贫乏，以至于剥夺了未来几代人改变人生的经历，而这些经历曾激励了他们之前的许多科学家。)”和“future generations of the life-changing experiences that inspired many scientists before them. (未来几代人改变人生的经历，而这些经历曾激励了他们之前的许多科学家。)”可知，作者希望科学教育不会变得如此糟糕，以至于剥夺了后代改变人生的经历，这些经历曾激励了许多科学家。由此推知，eprives的含义为“剥夺”。A. Robs抢劫，剥夺；B. Identifies.识别；C. Calculates计算；D. Predicts预测。故选A项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第二段“Around the world, a shortage of relevant teachers may threaten the future of science and engineering. In some places, many students are already having lessons where there is no science teacher. Instead, they are using an online learning platform while an assistant teacher watches over them. (在世界范围内，相关教师的短缺可能会威胁到科学和工程的未来。在一些地方，许多学生已经在没有科学老师的地方上课。取而代之的是，他们正在使用在线学习平台，而助理老师则在一旁监督他们。)”可知，作者首先介绍了科学老师短缺的现象，接着分析了原因，最后呼吁我们都应该关注科学教师短缺问题。故B项“Teaching Science Without Teachers (在没有老师的情况下教授科学)”作为标题醒目，发人深省。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Have you ever set a goal for yourself, like getting fit, making honor roll, or being picked for a team? Like lots of people, maybe you started out doing great, but then lost some of that drive. Don’t worry. ____36____ Here are some approaches that you can adopt.First, write down your major goal. Your major goal is the ultimate thing you’d like to see happen. For example, “I want to make honor roll,” or “I want to get fit enough to make the cross-country team” are all major goals because they’re the final thing you want to see happen. ____37____ You just have to remember that the bigger the goal, the more work it takes to get there.Make it specific. It’s easier to plan for and master a specific goal than a vague (模糊的) one. Let’s say your goal is to get fit. That’s pretty vague. Make it specific by defining what you want to achieve (such as muscle tone and definition or endurance), why you want to get fit, and by when. ____38____Make it realistic. ____39____ Let’s say you want to run a marathon. If you try to run the entire distance of 26.2 miles tomorrow without any training, you’re unlikely to succeed. It takes the average person 4 months of training to run that far! But the bigger risk is that you’ll get so disappointed that you’ll give up your marathon dreams.____40____ Visualize yourself achieving your goal. Say you score the winning soccer goal or you make the honor roll because you work hard. It helps you keep what you’re trying to accomplish in mind. It helps you believe it’s possible. You can also call up your mental picture when willpower and motivation are low. These can boost your attitude and motivation.A. It’s OK to dream big.B. Keep a stick-to-it attitude.C. Break a big goal into small steps.D. This helps you make a plan to reach your goal.E. You can stay motivated by writing down your goals.F. Everyone struggles with staying motivated and reaching their goals.G. People often abandon their goals because their expectations are unreasonable.【答案】36. F 37. A 38. D 39. G 40. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了如何保持积极性，从而实现目标。【36题详解】该空处承接上句“Don’t worry. (不要担心)”，同时启下引出“Here are some approaches that you can adopt. (这里有一些你可以采用的方法。)”，F项“每个人都在努力保持动力和实现目标。”符合语境，故选F。【37题详解】该空格为前几句关于major goal的总结，此外，根据下文“You just have to remember that the bigger the goal, the more work it takes to get there. (你只需要记住，目标越大，需要付出的努力就越多。)”可知，A项“目标大一些也没关系。”符合语境，故选A。【38题详解】根据上文“Make it specific. It’s easier to plan for and master a specific goal than a vague (模糊的) one. Let’s say your goal is to get fit. That’s pretty vague. Make it specific by defining what you want to achieve (such as muscle tone and definition or endurance), why you want to get fit, and by when. (具体一点。计划和掌握一个具体的目标比一个模糊的目标更容易。假设你的目标是健身。这很模糊。明确你想要达到的目标（比如肌肉张力和轮廓或耐力），为什么要健身，什么时候要健身。)”可知，本段主要讲述要使目标具体化，然后举例如何具体化，D项“这有助于你制定一个计划来实现你的目标。”承接上文，说明这样做的好处，D项中的This指的是“具体化”，故选D。【39题详解】该段主题为“Make it realistic.(让它实际一点。)”，G项“人们常常因为期望过高而放弃目标。”中“expectations are unreasonable”与之相对应，故选G。【40题详解】根据本段中“keep what you’re trying to accomplish in mind (记住你想要完成的事情)”以及“These can boost your attitude and motivation. (这些可以提高你的态度和动力。)”可知，本段主要讲要坚持，B项“保持坚持的态度。”符合语境，故选B。第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I was taking a summer class in Black-American literature on the campus. Professor James walked into the classroom and ____41____ that he had invited a special guest to class, but his guest had been ____42____. “Who’s coming?” someone asked. “All I will tell you is that he is the author of one of the books you have read for this ____43____,” he said. “I need a volunteer to meet him and ____44____ him here.”To my ____45____, my right hand shot up as though it had a mind of its own. I never ____46____ for anything. I was shy and ____47____ when I met new people. In fact, I was ____48____ the wrong person for this job.“Thank you, David,” Professor James said, pulling me aside and ____49____ in my ear a name Alex Haley. Ah! I was excited. He was realizing my ____50____. I could learn from him.After meeting Alex Haley, I said ____51____, “Do you mind if I ask you a question?” “No. Not at all,” he said. “I’d like to become a ____52____, but I don’t know if I have the ____53____. How did you discover that you had a gift for writing?”Mr. Haley laughed. “I didn’t,” he said. “I don’t ____54____,” I said. “You’ve ____55____ so much.” He stopped as though he was no longer in a hurry to get to class, and I was the only person who ____56____.“If you want to become a writer,” he said, “don’t worry about whether you have some ____57____ gift. Instead, just ____58____ the work.”Later, I started writing every day. I published three stories. Had I not volunteered to meet this ____59____ man, I never would have received the ____60____ of his wise advice and the rewards that followed.41. A. registeredB. announcedC. applaudedD. negotiated42. A. delayedB. supportedC. occupiedD. lifted43. A. actionB. ideaC. courseD. event44. A. recommendB. accompanyC. advocatedD. appreciated45. A. amazementB. satisfactionC. shameD. relief46. A. overcameB. interviewedC. awakenedD. volunteered47. A. energeticB. disappointedC. uncomfortableD. potential48. A. speciallyB. uniquelyC. naturallyD. absolutely49. A. remindingB. whisperingC. warningD. conveying50. A. ambitionB. adventureC. demandD. proposal51. A. cheerfullyB. regretfullyC. eagerlyD. doubtfully52. A. celebrityB. publisherC. professorD. writer53. A. focusB. talentC. luckD. success54. A. predictB. quitC. considerD. understand55. A. promisedB. affordedC. accomplishedD. attempted56. A. committedB. assistedC. matteredD. contained57. A. magicalB. balancedC. helpfulD. cautious58. A. show offB. put inC. take outD. look over59. A. extraordinaryB. confidentC. fortunateD. similar60. A. evidenceB. recognitionC. signalD. benefit【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. A 46. D 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. A 51. C 52. D 53. B 54. D 55. C 56. C 57. A 58. B 59. A 60. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者与著名作家Alex Haley的一次交谈，让自己在写作上获益匪浅的故事。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：詹姆斯教授走进教室，宣布他邀请了一位特别的客人来上课，但他的客人被耽搁了。A. registered注册；B. announced宣布；C. applauded为....鼓掌；D. negotiated协商。由下文“ that he had invited a special guest to class”以及语境可知，这里指詹姆斯教授“宣布”邀请了一位客人。故选B项。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：詹姆斯教授走进教室，宣布他邀请了一位特别的客人来上课，但他的客人被耽搁了。A. delayed推迟，使耽搁；B. supported支持；C. occupied占用；D. lifted举起。由下文“I need a volunteer to meet him”以及语境可知，这里指这位客人“耽搁”迟到了。故选A项。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我要告诉你的是，他是你为这门课读过的一本书的作者。A. action行动；B. idea想法；C. course课程；D. event事件。由上文“I was taking a summer class in Black-American literature on the campus”以及语境可知，这里指这位客人是这门“课程”一本书的作者。故选C项。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我需要一个志愿者来接他并陪他到这里。A. recommend推荐；B. accompany陪同；C. advocated主张；D. appreciated感谢。由上文“ but his guest had been 　2　　”可知，这里指找志愿者“陪同”这位客人过来。故选B项。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，我的右手猛地一跳，好像它有自己的想法。 A. amazement惊讶；B. satisfaction满意；C. shame羞耻；D. relief宽慰。由下文“my right hand shot up as though it had a mind of its own”可知，作者内心是不愿意，但还是举起手了，所以自己都很“惊讶”。故选A项。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有自愿做任何事。A. overcame战胜；B. interviewed采访；C. awakened唤醒；D. volunteered自愿做。由下文“I was shy and 7 when I met new people ”可知，作者很害羞，从没有“自愿”做过什么事。故选D项。【47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我见新人时，我很害羞，很不舒服。A. energetic精力充沛的；B. disappointed失望的；C. uncomfortable不舒服的；D. potential潜在的。由上文“I was shy”以及后文“when I met new people”可知，这里指作者害羞，见新人会感觉“不舒服”。故选C项。【48题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我完全不适合这份工作。A. specially特别是；B. uniquely唯一地；C. naturally自然地；D. absolutely绝对地。由上文“I was shy and 7 when I met new people”可知，这里指作者见新人会感觉不舒服，所以自己“绝对”不适合这份工作。故选D项。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“谢谢你，大卫，”詹姆斯教授把我拉到一边，在我耳边低语一个叫 Alex Haley的名字。A. reminding提醒；B. whispering窃窃私语，低语；C. warning警告；D. conveying表达。由下文“in my ear a name Alex Haley”以及语境可知，这里指詹姆斯教授“低语”告诉作者客人的名字。故选B项。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他正在实现我的雄心壮志。A. ambition雄心，抱负；B. adventure冒险；C. demand需求；D. proposal提议。由下文“ I could learn from him”以及语境可知，这里指作者也想成为作者，所以认为是Alex Haley对自己有激励作用，从而实现自己作家的“抱负”。故选A项。【51题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：见到Alex Haley后，我急切地说：“你介意我问你一个问题吗？”A. cheerfully兴高采烈地；B. regretfully遗憾的是；C. eagerly急切地；D. doubtfully怀疑地。由上文“I was excited”以及语境可知，这里作者见到Alex Haley非常高兴，“急切地”向他咨询怎样写作。故选C项。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想成为一名作家，但我不知道我是否有天赋。A. celebrity名人；B. publisher出版商；C. professor教授；D. writer作家。由下文“Later, I started writing every day”可知，这里指作者想成为一名“作家”。故选D项。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想成为一名作家，但我不知道我是否有天赋。A. focus焦点；B. talent天赋；C. luck幸运；D. success成功。由下文“How did you discover that you had a gift for writing?”可知，这里指作者不知道自己有没有写作的“天赋”。故选B项。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我不明白，”我说。“你已经完成了很多。”A. predict预测；B. quit退出；C. consider考虑；D. understand理解。由上文“Mr. Haley laughed. ‘I didn’t,’”可知，作者这里对Alex Haley的回答无法“理解”。故选D项。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我不明白，”我说。“你已经完成了很多。” A. promised允诺；B. afforded买得起；C. accomplished完成；D. attempted尝试。由上文“ he is the author of one of the books you have read for this 3 ,”可知，Alex Haley是作者课程一本书的作者，所以他“完成”了很多事，成就了很多。故选C项。【56题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他停了下来，好像他不再急于去上课了，而我是唯一重要的人。A. committed承诺；B. assisted帮助；C. mattered要紧；D. contained包含。由上文“He stopped as though he was no longer in a hurry to get to class”可知，Alex Haley停下来专心回答作者的问题，感觉作者是唯一当时“要紧”的人。故选C项。【57题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“如果你想成为一名作家，”他说，“不要担心你是否有神奇的天赋。相反，只要投入工作就可以了”。A. magical神奇的；B. balanced平衡的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. cautious小心的。由下文“gift”以及语境可知，这里指Alex Haley认为不应该考虑什么“神奇的”天赋，而应努力奋斗。故选A项。【58题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：“如果你想成为一名作家，”他说，“不要担心你是否有神奇的天赋。相反，只要投入工作就可以了”。A. show off炫耀；B. put in放入,投入（时间或精力）；C. take out取出；D. look over翻阅。由上文“don’t worry about whether you have some 17 gift”可知，这里指不要担心是否有神奇的天赋，只要全心“投入”工作就可以了。故选B项。【59题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果不是我自愿去见这个非凡的人，我永远不会得到他的明智建议和随之而来的回报。A. extraordinary非凡的；B. confident自信的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. similar相似的。由上文“You’ve 15 so much.”可知，这里指Alex Haley是一个“非凡的”人。故选A项。【60题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果不是我自愿去见这个非凡的人，我永远不会得到他的明智建议和随之而来的回报。A. evidence证据；B. recognition识别；C. signal信号；D. benefit利益，益处。由上文“I published three stories”可知，这里指Alex Haley给的建议的“益处”。故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In February 2022, I began learning Chinese with the ____61____ (intend) of enjoying Chinese culture. Almost a year later, I found myself in Beijing, the capital of China. Before coming here, I ____62____ (attend) Chinese classes, and I could sense my progress in the language. As ____63____ matter of fact, studying for just one year wasn’t enough to claim fluency. But full proficiency in the language is not necessary to lose ____64____ (you) in and enjoy many attractions of life in China.The one thing that truly makes me feel comfortable is making friends and engaging ____65____ conversation. At Tsinghua University, ____66____ I pursued my studies in China, I made friends with many Chinese young people. I often ____67____ (invite) to have meals or leisure activities with them, such as going to KTV, which is a popular entertainment among Chinese youth. I felt that connecting with my Chinese peers through a shared passion, such as singing, was ____68____ (incredible) enjoyable and beautiful.During breaks from study, I frequently travels across China. I’ve explored cities like Shanghai, Chongqing, and Changsha in Hunan province, among others. Though I have experienced traveling on overnight trains for over 12 hours several times and explored ____69____ (familiar) cities, I never felt fearful or unwelcome as a foreigner. Chinese people are warm and welcoming to foreigners, and eager _____70_____ (offer) help.【答案】61. intention 62. had attended 63. a 64. yourself 65. in 66. where 67. was invited 68. incredibly 69. unfamiliar 70. to offer【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了作者学习汉语的故事。【61题详解】考查名词。句意：2022年2月，我开始学习汉语，目的是享受中国文化。短语with the intention of表示“目的是……”。故填intention。【62题详解】考查时态。句意：在来这里之前，我上过中文课，我能感觉到自己在语言方面的进步。这里表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时。故填had attended。【63题详解】考查冠词。句意：事实上，仅仅学习一年还不足以让你说一口流利的英语。固定短语as a matter of fact表示“事实上”。故填a。【64题详解】考查代词。句意：但是，要沉浸在中国的生活中，享受中国生活的许多魅力，并不需要完全精通汉语。短语lose oneself in表示“沉浸其中”。故填yourself。【65题详解】考查介词。句意：真正让我感到舒服的一件事是交朋友和参与交谈。短语engage in sth.表示“参与某事”。故填in。【66题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在清华大学，我在中国学习，我结交了许多中国年轻人的朋友。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Tsinghua University，关系词在从句作地点状语，故用where。故填where。【67题详解】考查时态语态。句意：我经常被邀请和他们一起吃饭或休闲，比如去KTV，这是中国年轻人中很受欢迎的娱乐活动。这里表示过去发生的事情，作者是被邀请的对象，故用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was invited。【68题详解】考查副词。句意：我觉得通过共同的激情（比如唱歌）与中国同龄人建立联系是非常愉快和美好的。修饰形容词enjoyable and beautiful应用副词incredibly，作状语。故填incredibly。【69题详解】考查形容词。句意：虽然我有过几次乘坐通宵火车旅行超过12个小时的经历，也去过不熟悉的城市，但作为一个外国人，我从未感到害怕或不受欢迎。修饰名词cities应用形容词unfamiliar。故填unfamiliar。【70题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国人对外国人热情好客，乐于提供帮助。短语eager to do sth.表示“热切地想做某事”。故填to offer。第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。During last summer vocation, my parents and I went on a road trip along National Highway 318 (G318), where links Shanghai in the east to Tibet in the west. It is the longest and most attraction national highway in China. I felt real cheerful after we set out. Appreciated many famous scenic spots along the way, we were deeply impressed on the breathtaking scenery from Sichuan to Tibet. Meanwhile, diverse customs and tradition of native peoples enabled us have a deeper insight into our motherland and people. We saw white clouds floating with a super fresh air greatly refreshing our mind, body or spirit. This 10-day journey left us with a vivid memory. What an awesome journey it was one!【答案】1. where→which2. attraction→attractive3. real→really4. Appreciated→Appreciating5. on→with/by6. tradition→traditions7. 在us后加to8. a→the9. or→and10. 删除one【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了去年暑假和父母进行的一次公路旅行。【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意：去年暑假，我和父母沿着318国道（G318）进行了一次公路旅行，这条国道东连上海，西连西藏。第二个逗号后引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是National Highway 318，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，故将where改为which。2.考查形容词。句意：它是中国最长、最具吸引力的国道。根据后面的名词highway可知，此处用形容词attractive作定语。故将attraction改为attractive。3.考查副词。句意：我们出发后，我感到非常高兴。修饰后面的形容词cheerful应用副词really作状语。故将real改为really。4.考查非谓语动词。句意：沿途参观了许多著名景点，从四川到西藏的壮丽景色给我们留下了深刻的印象。非谓语动词appreciate和逻辑主语we之间是主谓关系，appreciate应用现在分词形式表主动，作伴随状语。故将Appreciated改为Appreciating。5.考查固定短语。句意：同上。be impressed with/by“留下深刻印象；被震撼”。故将on改为with/by。6.考查名词复数。句意：与此同时，不同民族的风俗传统也让我们对祖国和人民有了更深的了解。句中tradition用作可数名词，根据前面的形容词diverse可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故将tradition改为traditions。7.考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。enable sb. to do sth.“使某人能够做某事”，固定短语。故在us后加to。8.考查冠词。句意：我们看到白云飘在超级新鲜的空气中，这大大刷新了我们的思想，身体和精神。此处特指西藏清新的空气，应用定冠词the。故将a改为the。9.考查连词。句意：同上。分析语境可知，此处为并列关系，故用并列连词and连接。故将or改为and。10.考查感叹句。句意：这是一次多么棒的旅行啊！感叹句结构是What +a/an +adj. +单数名词+主+谓，one多余。故删除one。第二节 书面表达(满分25分)72. 2024年是中国农历龙年。假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Julia正在学习汉语，她来信说她对“龙”的寓意非常感兴趣。请你给她回信，内容包括：1. 给予鼓励；2. 介绍“龙”的象征意义。注意：1. 写作词数应为100左右；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Julia,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Julia,Knowing that you are learning Chinese and want to know the symbolic meaning about Chinese dragon, I am very pleased and I wish you will make much progress soon. Meanwhile, having a good knowledge of Chinese will benefit you greatly in the future.I did a little research about the role of dragons in Chinese culture, which I think may be helpful. The dragon is a mythical creature in Chinese culture. It is considered as a symbol of power, strength, success and good luck. The Chinese dragon is not only a symbol of China, but also a symbolic language sign which is used in plentiful Chinese idioms and proverbs. I will send you a Chinese Idiom Dictionary to help you better understand Chinese culture.If you have further questions, feel free to ask.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国笔友Julia写封回信，向她介绍在中国“龙”的寓意。【详解】1. 词汇积累高兴的：pleased→delighted掌握，精通：have a good knowledge of→have a good command of有帮助的：be helpful→be of help被认为：be considered as→be recognized as2. 句式扩展同义句转换原句：Meanwhile, having a good knowledge of Chinese will benefit you greatly in the future.拓展句：Meanwhile, it is clear that having a good knowledge of Chinese will benefit you greatly in the future.【点睛】【高分句型1】I did a little research about the role of dragons in Chinese culture, which I think may be helpful. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)【高分句型2】The Chinese dragon is not only a symbol of China, but also a symbolic language sign which is used in plentiful Chinese idioms and proverbs. (运用了which引导的限制性定语从句)