外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 2 Exploring English背景图ppt课件
展开Review: Wrd frmatinLk at the sentences and expressins frm the reading passage. Match the wrds in bld t the types f wrd frmatin.
a Neither is there pine nr apple in pineapple.b a When rain..., we can say “it’s raining” WHO
1 abbreviating2 changing the part f speech3 adding a prefix r suffix4 cmbining tw r mre wrds
Review: Wrd frmatinCmplete the passage with the help f wrd frmatin.When yu pen a dictinary, yu ften cme acrss a lt f unfamiliar wrds. Yu might think this is a bit scary. But many f them are frmed using ther simpler wrds. This is called wrd frmatin.Wrds frmed by cmbining ther wrds are called cmpunds, fr example, 1__________ (a friend that yu cntact by writing, traditinally using a pen) and 2__________ (knwn by many peple).Prefixes and suffixes ften have fixed meanings. If yu add un- r in- t a wrd, the new wrd usually means the ppsite. Fr example, if smething isn’t crrect it’s 3__________, and if smene isn’t happy they’re 4__________. Wrds with the suffixes -ment and -ness are ften nuns. Fr example, if smebdy has imprved a lt, they have made great 5____________.
Review: Wrd frmatinCmplete the passage with the help f wrd frmatin.Sme nuns and adjectives can be used as verbs, r the ther way rund. When we calm smebdy dwn, they becme 6__________. And we can give smene a present by 7__________ it. And smetimes a wrd is made up f the first letters f several wrds: “Wrld Trade Organizatin” can be referred t as 8__________, and 9__________ is shrt fr “as sn as pssible”. It is impssible t knw the meaning f every wrd, but knwing abut wrd frmatin can help us guess their meanings.
Review: Wrd frmatinWrk in grups. Chse ne type and cme up with as many wrds as pssible.□ abbreviating □ changing the part f speech □ adding a prefix r suffix □ cmbining tw r mre wrds
构词法英语构词法主要有四种:派生法、合成法、转化法和缩略法。1 派生法在一个词根的前面或后面加上某个词缀生成一个新词,这种构词法称为派生法。加在前面的词缀叫前缀,加在后面的词缀叫后缀。(1)前缀前缀一般只改变词的意义,不改变词性。
①表示否定意义的前缀
(2)后缀后缀通常改变词性,构成意思相近的其他词性的词,少数后缀会改变词义。①形容词后缀
续表
单句语法填空第一组:前缀(1) She never gets any exercise—she must be really ___________(fit).(2) [词汇复现] Her nervusness quickly ___________ (appear)nce she was n stage.(3) N,I ___________ (agree). I dn’t think it wuld be the right thing t d.(4) —I want t speak t Mr Franks.—I’m afraid that’s ___________ (pssible).(5) This meeting rm is a ___________ (smking)area. I wuld like t warn yu in advance that if yu smked here yu wuld be fined.(6) Dn’t ________________ (understand)me—I am grateful fr all yu’ve dne.
disappeared
misunderstand
(7) He was s tired that he fell ___________ (sleep)at his desk.(8) It was a bad accident—they’re lucky t be ___________(live).(9) The study f science has ___________(rich)all ur lives.(10) Reading will ___________(large)yur vcabulary.(11) Hw d yu find an ___________ (natinal)partner fr yur prject?(12) We take all ur bttles t be ___________(cycle).(13) Lucy turned n the ___________(visin)t watch the evening news.
internatinal
第二组:后缀(14) Fr this curse a pass in English at grade B is ___________ (accept).(15) [词 汇 复 现] It is imprtant t lk at the plitical and ___________(culture)cntext in which the nvel was written.(16) In the picture,we can see a by in wrn clthes,sitting at a shabby ___________ (wd)table with a pile f bks n it.(17) [2019·天津卷] Persnally,I’d want t learn abut ___________ (west)painting.(18) [2019· 江 苏 卷] It’s an pprtunity t make the ___________ (China)culture better knwn t internatinal students.(19) If we knw that gssip(流言蜚语)can be ___________ (harm),then why d s many f us d it?(20) Water had gt int the radi,and nw it was cmpletely ___________ (use).
(21) She was very ___________ (impress)in the interview.(22) The frest in the dark is ___________(danger)fr them.(23) I needn’t have wrried befre I came t the new schl,fr my classmates here are very ___________(friend)t me.(24) He left as a pr,wrking-class by and returned as a ___________(wealth)man.(25) The bks in the library are ___________(class)accrding t subject.(26) If we g n a trip abrad,we can ___________ (brad)ur view and gain knwledge we cannt get frm bks.(27) I think yu shuld ____________________(aplgy) t yur brther.
aplgize/aplgise
(28) [2019·全国Ⅰ卷] Everybdy uses a keybard and everybdy types ___________ (different).(29) [2019· 全 国 Ⅲ 卷] Fr Western ___________ (design),China and its rich culture have lng been an inspiratin(灵感)fr Western creative.(30) Simn is a cmedian and ___________ (act)wh has 10 years’ experience f teaching cmedy.(31) [2019· 江 苏 卷] Nami,Melissa’s best friend and a talented ___________ (pian),gt t knw abut this and shwed willingness t help.(32) [2017· 浙 江 卷] Last Octber,while tending her garden in Mra,Sweden,Lena Pahlssn pulled ut a ___________ (hand)f small carrts and was abut t thrw them away.(33) [2019·全国Ⅲ卷] This ___________ (develp)did nt take place vernight.(34) [2019·全国Ⅱ卷] First,yu need t evaluate yurself,yur values,yur strengths,yur ___________ (weak),yur ______________(achieve),yur desires,etc. Only then shuld yu set yur gals.
differently
achievements
(35) [2019· 江 苏 卷] He felt cncerned abut his ___________ (ill).(36) [2019·天津 3 月卷] Fr the first time,I culd see ___________ (sft)and ___________ (warm)in his eyes.(37) [2019·全国Ⅰ卷] What makes the ___________ (invent)f the smart keybard pssible?(38) [2019·全国Ⅱ卷] There were tw reasns fr the ___________ (decide).(39) [2018·浙江卷] I have n ___________ (difficult)cmmunicating with them.(40) [2019·北京卷]___________ (hnest)is the best plicy.(41) [2018·浙江 11 月卷] Yu prbably have been using caffeine since ___________ (child).
2 合成法把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词,这种构词法叫合成法,由合成法构成的词叫合成词。合成词包括合成名词、合成动词、合成形容词等。(1)合成名词的主要构成方法
(2)合成动词的主要构成方法 (3)合成形容词的主要构成方法
(4)合成副词的主要构成方法 (5)合成介词的主要构成方法
完成句子第一组(1) Sally walked nt the platfrm,picked up a piece f chalk and wrte _____________________(在黑板上):“Rule 1:We are family!”(2) The children’s laughter was still ringing in my ears as I _____________________(离开操场).(3) The 3,500 residents cannt all _____________________(享受阳光)at the same time.(4) The scenery alng the river is amazing,with many well-knwn _____________________(观光景点).
n the blackbard
left the playgrund
enjy the sunshine
sightseeing spts
(5) Ntices _____________________(在 候 车 室)requested that yu neither smke nr spit.(6) I made many new friends _____________________(在联欢会上).(7) Turism is a majr _____________________(收入来源) fr the area.(8) Then g utside and wrk ut a plan t translate yur childhd memries int yur _____________________(成年人花园).(9) I went and sat in a cafe and _____________________(看着路人).
in the waiting rm
at the get-tgether
surce f incme
grwn-up garden
watched the passers-by
第二组(10) Franklin swam and _____________________(在池边晒太阳) every mrning.(11) Users can __________________________(把他们的资料下载到……) a desktp PC. (12) The wall _____________________(已经粉刷过了).第三组(13) Her _____________________(随 和 的 天 性)made her ppular.(14) _____________________ (辛勤工作的人) usually can get what they want.(15) I think that his speech inspired __________________________ (每一个爱好和平的人).(16) Mm ___________________ (有 一份全职工作),but she has t d mst f the husewrk.(17) This was a frightening experience fr _____________________(一个四岁的孩子).(18) Suddenly she fund a little _____________________(三条腿的桌子).第四组(19) I like the huse but I dn’t think I’ll _____________________(在那里永远住下去).(20) [2017·北京卷] When lab rats are nt allwed t sleep,they die _______________ (一个月内).
sunbathed at the pl
dwnlad their material t
has been whitewashed
easy-ging nature
Hard-wrking peple
every peace-lving persn
has a full-time jb
a fur-year-ld child
three-legged table
live there frever
within a mnth
3 转化法一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性,这种构词法称为转化法。(1)由名词转化为动词face n. 脸→ v. 面对 huse n. 房屋→ v. 提供住处nurse n. 护士→ v. 护理 water n. 水→ v. 浇水(2)由动词转化为名词cure v. 治疗→ n. 治愈 lead v. 领导→ n. 领先地位call v. 打电话→ n. 电话,通话 bargain v. 讨价还价→ n. 便宜货(3)由形容词转化为动词empty adj. 空的→ v. 把……腾空 narrw adj. 狭窄的→ v. 使变窄slw adj. 慢的→ v. 减慢,使减慢 better adj. 较好的→ v. 使改善free adj. 自由的→ v. 释放(4)由形容词转化为名词brief adj. 简短的,简要的→ n. 摘要,概要gd adj. 好的→ n. 好处
(5)由副词转化为动词frward adv. 向前→ v. 转寄,转运near adv. 附近→ v. 靠近,接近(6)由名词或数词转化为副词hme n. 家→ adv. 回家first num. 第一→ adv. 首先,最初(7)由形容词转化为副词lng adj. 冗长的;长的→ adv. 长时间地,长久地hard adj. 硬的,难的→ adv. 激烈地;努力地(8)个别词在一定场合下可转化为名词This dictinary is a must fr students. 这是一本学生必备词典。His argument cntains t many ifs and buts. 他的辩论中含有太多的“如果”和 “但是”。
翻译下列句子并指出画线单词的词性(1) [2019·北京卷] Nervusly facing challenges,I knw I will whisper t myself the tw simplewrds “Be yurself ”. _________________________________________________________________________________(2) Were there any calls fr me while I was ut?_________________________________________________________________________________(3) This is where the river narrws._________________________________________________________________________________(4) [词汇复现] The rganizatin was established t better cnditins fr the disabled. _________________________________________________________________________________
紧张地面对挑战时,我知道我会对自己低声说那两个简单的单词——“Be yurself(做你自己)”。face 动词
我不在时有电话找我吗? call 名词
这条河就是在这里变窄的。narrw 动词
这一组织是为改善残疾人的生活条件而建立的。better 动词
(5) I’m nly telling yu this fr yur wn gd. _____________________________________________________________________________(6) We neared the tp f the hill. _____________________________________________________________________________(7) It was a lvely day s I walked hme. _____________________________________________________________________________(8) He was still breathing hard after his run. _____________________________________________________________________________(9) Warm clthes are a must in the muntains. _____________________________________________________________________________
我把这事告诉你只是为你好。gd 名词
我们快到山顶了。near 动词
那天天气很好,所以我走着回家了。hme 副词
他跑完步后仍然气喘吁吁的。hard 副词
御寒衣物在山里是必不可少的东西。must 名词
4 缩略法缩略法是把原有的词汇缩短,使读音和写法呈现新的形式。(1)首字母缩写读音主要有两种形式,即各字母分别读音和作为一个单词读音。WHO(读字母音)—Wrld Health Organizatin 世界卫生组织VIP(读字母音)—very imprtant persn 要人,贵宾TOEFL(读作 /ˈtəʊfl/)—Test f English as a Freign Language 托福考试(2)单词截短phne(telephne)电话 ad(advertisement)广告flu(influenza)感冒 TV(televisin)电视
写出下列表达的缩略形式并译成汉语(1) phtgraph ________________________(2) labratry ________________________(3) gymnasium________________________(4) examinatin________________________(5) infrmatin technlgy ________________________(6) Wrld Trade Organizatin ________________________(7) the Peple’s Republic f China________________________
gym 健身房,体育馆
WTO 世界贸易组织
PRC 中华人民共和国
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