高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course导学案

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course导学案，共10页。




Sectin Ⅲ Using Language & Assessing Yur Prgress





Ⅰ.核心词汇


1．________ n. 发动机；马达


2．________ n. 候选人；应试者


3．________ n. (人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲


4．________ n. 孔子学说；儒家(学说)


Ⅱ.拓展词汇


1．________ adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的→________ n．粗糙；粗鲁


2．________ n．领航员；(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者→________ v．导航


3．________ adj.忠诚的；忠实的→________ n．忠心；忠诚→________ adj.不忠诚的；不忠实的


4．________ n．承诺；保证；奉献→________ v．承诺，保证；犯(罪或错等)；自杀


5．________ n. 动机；原因；目的→①________ vt.激发；成为……的动机②________ n．原因；动力


Ⅲ.重点短语


1．____________ (使)高兴起来；(使)振作起来


2．____________ 生火


3．____________ 放出(热、光、气味或气体)


4．____________ 偿还；报答


Ⅳ.重点句型


1．If it ________________ fr sea animals, we wuld all starve.要不是这些海洋动物，我们都得挨饿。


2．It was almst ________ dangerus t becme t ht frm wearing t many clthes ________ t becme t cld frm wearing t few.因穿太多衣服而变得太热和因穿太少而变得太冷几乎是同样危险的。





根据课文内容选择正确答案


1．What's the main idea f the passage?


A．They felt hpeless when they were at Elephant Island.


B．They lived a happy life when they were at Elephant Island.


C．They had enugh fd when they were at Elephant Island.


D．They suffered a lt at Elephant Island but at last they were rescued.


2．When Shackletn and his bat left the island, they were ________.


A．cnfident and psitive


B．wrried and desperate


C．sure f their future


D．nt wrried abut him


3．Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE accrding t the passage?


A．They culdn't find water, plants r sea animals.


B．They culdn't find water, vegetables r fruit.


C．They lived in very warm weather.


D．They needn't wrry abut what they wuld eat.


4．It was ________ that helped them survive the terrible cnditins.


A．fruit and vegetables


B．their chef and the delicius fd


C．their discipline, team spirit and their faith in Shackletn


D．their friends and their family











►第一版块|重点词汇诠释


1.cheer up “(使)变得更高兴，振奋起来”。可用作及物动词短语，也可用作不及物动词短语。


cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来，使某人高兴起来


cheer up (单独使用)高兴起来，振作起来


❶When I'm feeling sad, my mther ften tells me funny stries t cheer me up.


当我感到难过时，我的母亲经常给我讲有趣的故事使我高兴起来。


❷Cheer up! The news isn't t bad.打起精神来！这个消息还不算太坏。


[即学即练] 单句语法填空


①He was feeling a bit lw, s I did my best t cheer him ________.


②Jack has delivered a ________ (cheer) speech which has made peple change their minds.


③The game is abut t start. I will g t cheer ur team ________.








归纳拓展：


(1)cheer v．欢呼，喝彩；鼓舞 n．[C]欢呼声，喝彩声


cheer sb. n(比赛中)为某人加油


Cheers！(用于祝酒)干杯！


(2)cheerful adj.快乐的，高兴的；令人愉快的，振奋的

















2.give ff意为“放出(热、光、气味或气体)”








give away 捐献；赠送；颁发；泄露(秘密)


give back 归还


give up 放弃


give ut 用完(不用于被动语态)；分发；宣布；公布(常用于被动语态)；发出(光、热、信号等)


give in 屈服；让步；交上


❶The flwers gave ff a fragrant perfume.


花朵散发出芳香。


❷Bicycles are envirnmentally friendly because they wn't give ff waste gas.


自行车不会排放废气，因此它们是环保的。


❸Well, if yu dn't want t read it, give it back.


好吧，如果你不想读它，就把它还回去吧。


❹The gvernment gave ut fd t peple wh are ut f wrk.


政府向失业者分发了食品。


❺We invited a famus scientist t give away the prizes.


我们邀请了一位著名科学家来颁奖。


❻I pressed my parents until they finally gave in and registered me fr skating classes.


我极力劝说我父母，直到他们最终让步，给我报了滑冰课。


❼Please give yur wrk in befre Mnday.


请在周一之前把作业交上来。


[即学即练] 单句语法填空


①Bdy language can give ________ a lt abut yur md, s standing with yur arms flded can send ut a signal that yu are being defensive.


②What shall we use fr pwer when all the il in the wrld has given ________？


③The stve gives ________ a lt f heat.


④We must g hme nw. Our mney has given ________.


⑤Finally I gave ________ and accepted the jb n their terms.


⑥We gave ________ tw gals in the first half.


特别提示：


当表示“发出光和热时”give ff和give ut可以互换


3.bred adj.厌倦的，烦闷的


(1)be/get bred with sb./sth. 对某人/某事感到厌烦


be/get bred with ding sth. 厌倦做某事


(2)bre vt. 使厌烦


n. 令人厌烦的人/事


(3)bring adj. 令人厌烦的，没趣的(常用来修饰事物)


(4)bredm n. 厌烦，厌倦，无聊


❶Little Tm quickly gt bred with playing ty cars.


小汤姆很快就对玩玩具汽车厌烦了。


❷I was bred with the wrk nt equal t my ability.


我对于那些跟自己能力不相称的工作感到厌倦。


[即学即练] 单句语法填空


①After a while, I began t get bred ________ my jb. And I decided t have a cmplete change.


②The lecture was deadly ________ (bre)．


③She made n attempt t hide her ________ (bre)．


④“Lst time will never be fund again！” I culdn't help talking t myself because I was fed up ________ being lazy.


⑤Sme peple refuse t admit the serius threat f human activities t the envirnment, and they are tired ________ thse peple wh disagree with them.


联想拓展：


“厌烦”的其他表达法：


be/get tired f


be/get sick f


be/get fed up with


4.vary vt.变更，改变 vi.相异，不同


(1)eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(vary in 在……方面不同,vary with 随……而变动,vary 从……到……不等))


(2)varius adj. 各种各样的；多姿多彩的


(3)varied adj. 各种各样的；变化的


(4)variety n. 不同种类；多样化


a variety f/varieties f 多种多样的


❶Cherries vary in clur frm almst black t yellw.


樱桃的颜色由近乎黑到黄各不相同。


❷The demands n a kidney vary with age.


(人体)对肾脏的要求随着年龄的不同而有所变化。


❸Opinins n this matter vary frm persn t persn.


对于这件事，人们意见不一。


❹The land varies in height frm 700 metres abve sea level t ver 2,000 metres and is hme t a great diversity f rare plants and animals.这里地面的高度由海拔700米到2 000米不等，是多种多样稀有动植物的生长地。


[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译


①Ocean clur varies ________ green ________ blue, depending n the type and cncentratin f phytplanktn (浮游植物)．


②Whether it is in the past, at present, r in the future, time wuld nt vary ________ the develpment f the wrld.


③他们已经找到了各种各样的方法来满足客人的需求。


→They have fund ________ ways t meet the custmers' needs.


→They have fund ________________ ways t meet the custmers' needs.


→They have fund ______________________ ways t meet the custmers' needs.


语境助记：


America is regarded as a melting pt, where exist a variety f ethnic and cultural grups with varius beliefs. Smetimes peple's beliefs can vary with time.美国被称为一个熔炉，在那里存在着多种多样的有着不同信仰的民族和文化群体。有时人们的信仰会随时间而变化。


5.pay back偿还；报复；回馈


❶We're paying back the lan ver 15 years.我们要在15年内还清贷款。


❷That I can pay back the help peple give me makes me happy.


能够回报人们给我的帮助让我感到很开心。


❸He paid me back by nt cming.他采取不来的方式报复我。


[即学即练] 单句语法填空


①They kept wrking hard, and their effrts paid ________ finally.


②I'm srry t have frgtten t pay ________ the mney yu lend me a mnth ag.


归纳拓展：


pay ff付清，还清(债务)(及物短语动词)；(计划等)取得成功(不及物短语动词)


Sandra was determined t becme a dctr and her persistence paid ff.桑德拉决心成为一名医生，她的坚持不懈终于获得了成功。

















6.cmmitment n. [C，U]许诺，承诺 n．[U]献身，奉献，投入








(1)make a cmmitment t... 对……作出承诺


carry ut ne's cmmitment 履行某人的承诺


make a cmmitment t d sth. 保证/承诺做某事


(2)cmmit vt. 承诺；犯(罪或错等)；花(钱或时间)


vi. 忠于(某个人、机构等)，全心全意投入(工作、活动等)


eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\c1(cmmit sb./neself t ding sth.,be cmmitted t ding sth.)) 承诺(做)某事


cmmit sth. t sth. 将……投入……


(3)cmmitted adj. 尽心尽力的，坚信的，坚定的


❶Our cmpany has made a cmmitment t quality and custmer service.


我们公司已经对质量和客服作出承诺。


❷He failed the mid­term exam, s he made a cmmitment t study hard later.


他期中考试不及格，所以他保证以后努力学习。


❸I was impressed by the energy and cmmitment shwn by the players.


我对选手们表现出的活力和奉献精神印象深刻。


❹Bth sides cmmitted themselves t settling the dispute peacefully.


双方承诺和平解决争端。


[即学即练] 单句语法填空


①The Canadian gvernment is cmmitted t ________ (advance) the equality and the use f English and French.


②China remains firm in its ________ (cmmit) t strengthening friendship and cperatin with ther cuntries n the basis f the Five Principles f Peaceful Cexistence.


③The president made a cmmitment ________ the natin that he wuld struggle fr lwer taxes and imprve health care after taking ffice.


语境助记：


He lved playing this instrument, and was cmmitted t practicing it.他喜欢演奏这种乐器并坚持练习。


►第二版块|重点句型剖析


1．(教材P44)If it weren't fr sea animals, we wuld all starve.要不是这些海洋动物，我们都得挨饿。


本句是虚拟条件句，表示与现在事实相反的假设。if从句的谓语形式是were，其对应的主句的谓语形式是“wuld＋动词原形”。


虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法





❶If I lived near my ffice, I wuld walk t wrk.


如果我住在办公室附近，我就会步行去上班。(与现在事实相反)


❷If I were yu, I wuld plant sme trees rund the huse.


如果我是你，我会在房子周围种些树。(与现在事实相反)


❸If yu had arrived a little earlier, yu wuld have seen her.


你如果早到一会儿就见到她了。(与过去事实相反)


❹If he were t/shuld resign, wh wuld take his place?


如果他要辞职，谁来接替他？(与将来事实相反)


[即学即练] 判断下列句子是与现在、过去还是与将来事实相反的假设


①If we hadn't made adequate preparatins, the cnference wuldn't have been s successful.____________


②If I knew her number, I culd ring her up.____________


③If I were t d the jb, I wuld d it in a different way.____________


2．(教材P44)It was almst as dangerus t becme t ht frm wearing t many clthes as t becme t cld frm wearing t few.因穿太多衣服而变得太热和因穿太少而变得太冷几乎是同样危险的。


结构


(1)该结构意思是“与……一样……”，其中第一个as为副词，后接形容词或副词的原级；第二个as引导从句时为连词，接名词、代词时为介词。在否定句中，第一个as也可换成s。


❶This film is as interesting as that ne.


这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。


❷He desn't study as/s hard as his brther.


他学习不如他哥哥/弟弟努力。


(2)第一个as后接形容词时，该形容词还可修饰一个名词，这个名词为单数时应带有不定冠词(注意词序)。若形容词指数量，可用“as much＋不可数名词＋as”或“as many＋可数名词复数＋as”。


❶I have as gd a vice as yu.我的嗓音和你的一样好。


❷He is as diligent a student as his elder brther.


他是一个和他哥哥一样用功的学生。


(3)的常用表达


pssible尽可能……


usual/befre像往常/之前一样……


as lng as...只要……；(时间)和……一样长


as far as...(距离)远至……；尽……，据……


as well as像……一样好；也，和


[即学即练] 完成句子


①请尽快回答我的问题。


Please answer my questin __________________________.


②只要他不丧失对自己的信心，我就不会失去对他的信心。


________________________ he desn't lse cnfidence in himself, I will nt lse cnfidence in him.


③昨天傍晚，他一直散步到火车站。


He walked ________________________ the railway statin yesterday evening.


④不仅你而且你的父母也对我很友好。


Yur parents ________________________ yu are friendly t me.


⑤他没我们交的税款多。


He desn't pay as ________ tax as we d.


⑥现在餐馆没有过去多了。


There are nt __________________________ there were.


⑦就我所知，他并未正式向她道歉。


______________________________， he didn't fficially aplgise t her.











Ⅰ.单词拼写(用本部分所学单词)


1．I have a ________ (动机) in ffering t help yu this time.


2．As far as I'm cncerned, the ld man is really a ________ (忠诚的) member.


3．The ld wman's hands were s ________(粗糙的), fr she had been wrking in the field.


4．________ (候选人) wh fail t meet these requirements will nt be admitted t the university.


5．All the students burst int laughter when David acted ut the ________ (片段)．


Ⅱ.单句语法填空


1．There was little time left, s he divided the bks int three grups ________ (rugh)．


2．It was an episde ________ an ld man was kncked dwn by a running by.


3．Fireflies (萤火虫) give ________ flashes f light when they fly at night.


4．Jhn is a reliable man. I'm certain he will pay ________ every cent he wes yu.


5．Think carefully befre yu answer questins nline. Yu may give ________ very imprtant persnal infrmatin.


6．If the students' interest in the subject is mtivated, they will face up t the challenge and cmmit mre time and energy ________ their studies.


7．The cmpany is making a lng­term ________ (cmmit) t breaking int the Eurpean market.


Ⅲ.课文语法填空


We watched as Shackletn and the bat 1.________ (sail) away frm Elephant Island. It was easy 2.________ (imagine) the danger ahead f them. There was nthing like a gd dinner and sme music t cheer us 3.________.


Staying alive was nt easy. The Island had n water. We culd nly melt ice frm the cean and drink the water frm it. There were n trees 4.________ (grw) n Antarctica and n il, s the nly fuel we culd use was animal fat. We had t be careful nt t g utside t ften, as the changing temperatures culd make us ill. Many f us als became ill frm the smke f the animal fat 5.________ we burnt fr ur fires.


We lived like this in the cld fr fur mnths. Our discipline and team spirit kept us 6.________ (ptimism) and helped us deal with ur fears in 7.________ psitive and successful way. When we 8.________ (rescue), we felt such relief and jy that many f us culd nt hide ur tears. Our ptimism and faith in Shackletn had helped us persevere in staying alive. 9.________ (final), he paid us back by his 10.________ (cmmit) t save us frm a slw but painful death.


eq \x(温馨提示：请完成课时作业十二)


Sectin Ⅲ Using Language & Assessing Yur Prgress


新知感知·自学导引


Ⅰ.核心词汇


1．mtr 2.candidate 3.episde 4.Cnfucianism


Ⅱ.拓展词汇


1．rugh rughness 2.navigatr navigate 3.lyal lyalty dislyal 4.cmmitment cmmit 5.mtive ①mtivate ②mtivatin


Ⅲ.重点短语


1．cheer up 2.make fire 3.give ff 4.pay back


Ⅳ.重点句型


1．weren't 2.as as


文本研析·语篇理解


1．D 2.B 3.B 4.C


核心突破·互动探究


►第一版块|重点词汇诠释


1．①up ②cheerful ③n


2．①away ②ut ③ff/ut ④ut ⑤in ⑥away


3．①with ②bring ③bredm ④with ⑤f


4．①frm t ②with ③varius/varied varieties f a variety f


5．①ff ②back


6．①advancing ②cmmitment ③t


►第二版块|重点句型剖析


1．①与过去事实相反的假设 ②与现在事实相反的假设 ③与将来事实相反的假设


2．①as sn as pssible ②As lng as ③as far as ④as well as ⑤much ⑥as/s many restaurants as ⑦As far as I knw


课时达标·随堂自测


Ⅰ.单词拼写


1．mtive 2.lyal 3.rugh 4.Candidates 5.episde


Ⅱ.单句语法填空


1．rughly 2.where 3.ff 4.back 5.away 6.t 7.cmmitment


Ⅲ.课文语法填空


1．sailed 2.t imagine 3.up 4.grwing 5.that/which 6.ptimistic 7.a 8.were rescued 9.Finally 10.cmmitment





从句谓语的形式
主句谓语的形式
与现在事实相反
过去式(be动词一般用were)
wuld/culd/shuld/might＋动词原形
与过去事实相反
had＋过去分词
wuld/culd/shuld/might have＋过去分词
与将来事实相反
A.过去式(be动词一般用were)


B．were t＋动词原形


C．shuld＋动词原形
wuld/culd/shuld/might＋动词原形