2023-2024学年江西省新余市实验中学高二上学期开学检测英语试卷含答案

这是一份2023-2024学年江西省新余市实验中学高二上学期开学检测英语试卷含答案，文件包含江西省新余市实验中学2023-2024学年高二上学期开学检测英语试卷原卷版docx、江西省新余市实验中学2023-2024学年高二上学期开学检测英语试卷解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共42页， 欢迎下载使用。

第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项.听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍.
1. What sprt des the wman like best nw?
A. Vlleyball. B. Basketball. C. Tennis.
2. Why is the wman unhappy?
A. Her father is strict with her.
B. One f her family members is ill
C. She fails t get n with her mther.
3. When did the wman graduate?
A. In 1998. B. In 2003. C. In 2008.
4. Which watch will the wman prbably chse?
A Lngines. B. Fiyta. C. Omega.
5. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. At a theatre. B. At the airprt. C. In a htel.
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白. 每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项.听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍.
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题.
6. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. Chinese paintings. B. Chinese tea. C. Chinese muntains.
7. Hw des black tea taste accrding t the wman?
A. Sweet. B. Light. C. Heavy.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What des Jim suggest the wman t d?
A. Check the breathing. B. Make a call C. Perfrm CPR.
9. What phne number des Jim call?
A. 120. B. 911 C. 119.
10. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Dctr and patient. B. Strangers. C. Friends.
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题.
11. Wh is the present frm?
A. Mr. Li. B. Mr. White. C. Ann.
12. Which city des Mr. White live in?
A.Nanjing. B. Beijing. C. Shanghai.
13. Which bus des Mr. White advise the wman t take?
A. Bus 306. B. Bus 310 C. Bus 360
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题
14. What des the man say abut friendly peple?
A. They are ften fair.
B. They are serius smetimes.
C. They are usually active and fun.
15. What kind f quality des the wman think is imprtant?
A. Hnesty. B. Bravery. C. Cnfidence.
16. Why des the wman dislike funny peple?
A. They are usually dishnest.
B. They lack facial expressins.
C. They seem t take nthing seriusly.
17. What is the speaker ding?
A. Visiting a university. B. Sharing her experience. C. Intrducing her hbbies.
18. What is the speaker?
A. A teacher. B. A student. C. A basketball cach.
19. Hw des the speaker feel abut her cllege life?
A. Frightened. B. Satisfied. C. Curius.
20. What is the best way t vercme fears in the speaker’s pinin?
A. Talking with thers. B. Finding similarities. C. Ding sprts.
第二部分阅读理解
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
As the frest decreases, Africa has becme verly dependent n several tree species. Frtunately, the Vlunteer Natinal Parks and Reserves Prject is helping t stp this terrible trend. Chse frm Kakum Natinal Park, Shai Hills Resurce Reserve r Mle Natinal Park and make a vital cntributin t envirnmental preservatin in Ghana.
Quick facts
Prgramme: Vlunteer Ghana Prject Site: Natinal parks & reserves
Minimum Duratin: 4 weeks Language Requirement: English
Minimum Age: 18 Accmmdatins: 2 meals daily & Hmestay
Wrking Hurs: 7 hurs per day Start Dates: Every ther Friday
Yur rle as a vlunteer
Yu will help by maintaining the grunds, cnstructing r repairing park facilities and assisting with land management prjects, as well as directing park visitrs, prmting the park’s turist appeal and raising awareness f envirnmental issues.
Als help lwer the rate f frest decrease and prtect the bidiversity within Ghana’s natinal parks and reserves. Media-lved vlunteers may als get invlved in park prjects related t vide creatin, phtgraphy and image arts.
Natinal parks and reserves vlunteers typically wrk five days, frm Mnday t Friday. Wrking hurs are frm 8 a. m. until 3 p. m... Hwever, schedules and exact duties may vary depending n the park yu’re based at, yur qualificatins, and the time and duratin f yur stay.
Jurney t wrk
Natinal parks and reserves vlunteers are placed with a hst family living either in the park r in a village nearby.
Cntact us
T get further infrmatin, please visit ur website at
Jin the Vlunteer Natinal Parks and Reserves Prject t d yur part fr the envirnment in Ghana.
1. What des the prject ffer vlunteers?
A. Free trips acrss Ghana.
B. Tw meals every day.
C. A language curse.
D. A 4-week training.
2. What des a vlunteer’s jb invlve?
A. Helping grund management.
B. Building mre nature reserves.
C. Intrducing varius tree species.
D. Tearing dwn ld park equipment.
3. What is the prject intended t d?
A. Stp animals frm dying ut.
B. Prtect Ghana’s envirnment.
C. Keep the diversity f culture.
D. Cllect eclgical infrmatin.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了为保护生态环境，加纳招募志愿者的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Quick facts之下的“Accmmdatins: 2 meals daily & Hmestay”（住宿：每天两顿饭和寄宿家庭）可知，该项目为志愿者提供了每天两餐饭。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Yur rle as a vlunteer下第一段“Yu will help by maintaining the grunds, cnstructing r repairing park facilities and assisting with land management prjects, as well as directing park visitrs, prmting the park’s turist appeal and raising awareness f envirnmental issues.”（您将通过维护场地、建造或修复公园设施、协助土地管理项目、指导公园游客、促进公园的游客吸引力和提高对环境问题的认识来提供帮助。）可知，志愿者的工作包括帮助维护地面管理。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Cntact us下的“Jin the Vlunteer Natinal Parks and Reserves Prject t d yur part fr the envirnment in Ghana.”（加入志愿者国家公园和保护区项目，为加纳的环境尽自己的一份力量。）可知，这个项目的目的是保护加纳的环境。故选B项。
B
I’ve never been smene wh gets hmesick, but the prspect (展望) f ging hme in a few clays is ne f the few things keeping me ging. It has been a stressful term. I’m lking frward t seeing my family and friends. But despite my excitement, I’ve been having sme Thanksgiving break-caused anxiety. I feel like I’m under a time crunch (困境) trying t fit s many things int just a few clays. Will I have time t see all my friends, spend time with family, and get my wrk alne?
I’m definitely still grateful that I am able t g hme, but it’s strange because I’ve never cnnected Thanksgiving with being anxius befre. Maybe I feel this way because it’s my first year. Breaks in cllege are different frm high schl. Teachers usually didn’t give wrk ver break and I culd relax the entire time in high schl, but it desn’t exactly wrk that way here.
Everyne has been s busy this term, and it’s difficult t relax, knwing that we have assignments due as sn as class restarts. The fact that reading perid starts nly 10 days after break desn’t help either. I dn’t knw if I’ll ever get used t hw fast cllege mves. Final weeks and winter break are ging t be here befre we knw it, and that is slightly terrifying.
Even thugh I feel this mixture f excitement and anxiety, the break has helped me gain a better understanding abut my first term f cllege. I’ve met s many new peple and becme part f clubs that I’m passinate abut. The t-d list will still be there ver break, but it’s nice t lk back and see that I managed t get thrugh mst f the term pretty successfully. I’m still thankful fr my family and friends as usual, but this year I’m especially thankful fr myself.
4. Hw des the authr feel abut the cming Thanksgiving break?
A. Eager but anxius.B. Relaxed but dubtful.
C. Excited but frightened.D. Curius but stressed.
5. What can we infer abut breaks in cllege?
A. They are free f hmewrk.B. They are tasked with much wrk.
C. They are full f relaxatin.D. They are imprtant fr prgress.
6. What makes the authr a little terrified?
A. The reading perid.B. The cming exams.
C. The fast pace f cllege life.D. The shrt perid f winter break.
7. What des the authr realize when reflecting n the first term?
A. The t-d list pushes him t learn.
B. He has gained a lt frm cllege life.
C. Adapting t the new life requires family supprt.
D. Self-independence is mre imprtant than thers, supprt.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，因感恩节假期即将回家的作者回顾了大学第一学期的紧张生活，认为休息会帮助自己更好地适应大学生活。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段中的“I’m lking frward t seeing my family and friends. But despite my excitement, I’ve been having sme Thanksgiving break-caused anxiety. (我很期待见到我的家人和朋友。但是，尽管我很兴奋，但我还是有一些感恩节假期引起了焦虑)”可知，作者对即将到来的感恩节假期渴望但焦虑。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段中的“Breaks in cllege are different frm high schl. Teachers usually didn’t give wrk ver break and I culd relax the entire time in high schl, but it desn’t exactly wrk that way here. (大学的休假与高中不同。老师们通常不会在休假时间加班，我在高中的整个时间都可以放松，但在这里却不是这样)”和第三段中的“The fact that reading perid starts nly 10 days after break desn’t help either. (事实上，阅读期只在休假后10天开始，这也于事无补)”可知，大学老师可能会在休假时间加班，阅读期只在休假后10天开始，可得出大学的休假期间任务很繁重。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的“I dn’t knw if I’ll ever get used t hw fast cllege mves. Final weeks and winter break are ging t be here befre we knw it, and that is slightly terrifying. (我不知道我是否会习惯大学的快速发展。在我们意识到这一点之前，最后几周和寒假就要到来了，这有点可怕)”可知，大学生活节奏快让作者有点害怕。故选C项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。由最后一段中的“I’ve met s many new peple and becme part f clubs that I’m passinate abut. (我认识了很多新人，加入了我热爱的俱乐部)”可知，在反思第一个学期时，作者意识到了自己从大学生活中获得了很多。故选B项。
C
Thrughut flktale, tales f shapeshifting creatures, frm wlves t vampires, have ften spread hrrr acrss a variety f cultures. But these physical transfrmatins are nt limited t the pages f fictin.
A review article suggests that climate change culd be physically altering a variety f species acrss the planet, as individuals change their shape t suit the rising temperatures acrss the wrld. Features such as tails, legs and ears are changing t prvide different levels f heat exchange with the envirnment. Warm-blded animals tend t have lnger ears, tails, and limbs if they live in warmer cnditins, cmpared with similar animals in clder places. The lng bdy parts prvide a bigger skin surface that they can use t get rid f extra heat.
While the changes ccur acrss a range f species, they’re nt universal acrss every animal cnsidered. These adaptatins may be beneficial in the shrt t medium term, but as the climate cntinues t change, animals can nt cntinually adapt. At sme pint, the trade-ff wn’t be beneficial anymre, which culd lead t ppulatin declines and even extinctin. S, while a larger beak may be useful fr species wanting t lse mre heat, if it makes the beak mre impractical fr feeding then it may end up being mre f a disadvantage fr the birds. There are als a variety f ther ways f cntrlling bdy temperature that dn’t require changes in bdy shape, such as behaviral changes like making use f shade and migrating at warmer times f year.
Of curse, t sme extent we already knw what’s needed t limit the emptiness f the future natural wrld. This includes reducing greenhuse gases; prtecting bidiversity; restring cnnectivity between habitats; and reducing interrelated threats like pllutin and land harvesting. Even species that are clse t extinctin can be brught back frm the edge with enugh cnservatin effrt.
8. What’s the functin f Paragraph 1?
A. T shw the prevalence f shapeshifting creatures.
B. T intrduce the tpic f animals’ physical changes.
C. T stress the fear caused by shapeshifting creatures.
D. T list examples f shapeshifting creatures in flktales.
9. Accrding t Paragraph 2, which f the fllwing statements is TURE?
A. Animals extend sme f their bdy parts t achieve better cling effect.
B. Climate change is having a huge impact n almst every species n the earth.
C. Animals transfrm their physical features t adapt t the drp f temperatures.
D. Warm-blded animals in clder places are mre likely t have lnger bdy parts.
10. Why des the authr mentin the example f “a larger beak” in Paragraph 3?
A. T warn that sme changes in animals’ bdy parts d n gd at all.
B. T indicate that the rising temperatures have caused birds mre harm.
C. T intrduce behaviral changes as a better way t deal with climate change.
D. T demnstrate the limited r even negative effect f physical transfrmatins.
11. What’s the authr’s attitude tward the future f the natural wrld?
A. Dubtful.B. Hpeful.C. Indifferent.D. Ambiguus.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了世界气候的变化导致动物的外形也相应发生了改变，文章介绍了这种改变的一些局限性以及作者对自然界未来的看法。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Thrughut flktale, tales f shapeshifting creatures, frm wlves t vampires, have ften spread hrrr acrss a variety f cultures. But these physical transfrmatins are nt limited t the pages f fictin.(在民间故事中，从狼到吸血鬼的变形生物的故事经常在不同的文化中传播恐怖。但这些物理上的转变并不局限于小说)”可推知，第一段的作用是引入动物身体变化的话题。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Warm-blded animals tend t have lnger ears, tails, and limbs if they live in warmer cnditins, cmpared with similar animals in clder places. The lng bdy parts prvide a bigger skin surface that they can use t get rid f extra heat.(温血动物如果生活在温暖的环境中，它们的耳朵、尾巴和四肢就会比生活在寒冷地区的同类动物长。长身体部位提供了一个更大的皮肤表面，它们可以用来排除多余的热量)”可知，A选项“动物延长身体的一些部位来达到更好的降温效果”正确。故选A。
10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“While the changes ccur acrss a range f species, they’re nt universal acrss every animal cnsidered. These adaptatins may be beneficial in the shrt t medium term, but as the climate cntinues t change, animals can nt cntinually adapt. At sme pint, the trade-ff wn’t be beneficial anymre, which culd lead t ppulatin declines and even extinctin. S, while a larger beak may be useful fr species wanting t lse mre heat, if it makes the beak mre impractical fr feeding then it may end up being mre f a disadvantage fr the birds. There are als a variety f ther ways f cntrlling bdy temperature that dn’t require changes in bdy shape, such as behaviral changes like making use f shade and migrating at warmer times f year. (虽然这种变化发生在一系列物种中，但并不是在所有被考虑的动物中都普遍存在。这些适应在短期到中期可能是有益的，但随着气候的持续变化，动物无法持续适应。在某种程度上，这种取舍将不再有利，这可能导致种群数量下降，甚至灭绝。因此，虽然大喙对于想要失去更多热量的物种来说是有用的，但如果它使喙不适合进食，那么它可能会对鸟类更不利。还有很多其他不需要改变体型就能控制体温的方法，比如行为上的改变，比如利用阴凉处和在温暖的季节迁徙)”可推知，作者在第三段提到了“一个更大的喙”的例子是为了证明身体变化是有限的甚至有负面的影响。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Of curse, t sme extent we already knw what’s needed t limit the emptiness f the future natural wrld. This includes reducing greenhuse gases; prtecting bidiversity; restring cnnectivity between habitats; and reducing interrelated threats like pllutin and land harvesting. Even species that are clse t extinctin can be brught back frm the edge with enugh cnservatin effrt. (当然，在某种程度上，我们已经知道需要什么来限制未来自然世界的空虚。这包括减少温室气体；保护生物多样性；恢复栖息地之间的连通性；减少相关的威胁，如污染和土地收割。即使是濒临灭绝的物种也可以通过足够的保护努力从边缘地带拯救回来)”可推知，作者对自然界的未来充满希望。故选B。
D
Mst peple dn’t lie very much. It makes sense. By being hnest with peple, yu nt nly buildup gdwill, but als save a lt f brainpwer since yur brain desn’t have t d anything ut f the rdinary when yu tell the truth. Yu just think f what yu want t say, and yu say it.
Hwever, lying takes much mre wrk. Imagine yu’re late t class and the teacher asks why. If yu decide t lie, yu have t make up a stry n the spt, think abut the varius directins the cnversatin might take and figure ut what yu need t say t keep this whle lie frm falling apart. Yu might nt be aware f it, but yu just give yur brain a lt f extra wrk. “A lt f that brain wrk is dne in a regin called the prefrntal crtex. It’s the part in charge f wrking memry,” explains Jennifer Vendemia, a scientist frm the University f Suth Carlina.
Wrking memry keeps smething in mind just fr a little while, such as remembering instructins fr hw t play a game r sme ther specific task. It stres things fr nly a shrt while as yu’re using them, and it desn’t put them in lng-term strage. Besides wrking memry, the prefrntal crtex als takes care f tasks such as planning, prblem-slving and self-cntrl. Scientists describe these as executive functin tasks. Executive functin lets yu think a step r tw ahead t make sure the lie yu’re telling will likely hldup t questining. “Spending s much brainpwer trying t keep a stry straight means there’s less available fr ther things,” says Vendemia. “Lying is especially harmful fr yung peple as the prefrntal crtex is nt fully develped until arund age 25. When the prefrntal crtex is busy with tasks related t lying, yunger peple have a harder time ding ther tasks.”
Lying has scial csts, t. Peple generally value hnesty and dn’t like liars. S if peple view yu as untrustwrthy, it can be bad fr yur relatinships.
12. What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A. The csts f lying t peple.B. The true meaning f hnesty.
C. The benefits f being truthful.D. The difficulty f being a gd liar.
13. Why is a lying student mentined in the secnd paragraph?
A. T prve a thery.B. T intrduce a tpic.
C. T prvide the backgrund.D. T give an example.
14. Which f the fllwing is the functin f wrking memry?
A. Remembering a life-lng lessn.
B. String infrmatin fr a shrt time.
C. Pushing neself t face difficulties.
D. Prcessing infrmatin in the brain.
15. What is the best title fr the text?
A. What Are the Harmful Effects f Lying?
B. Which Part f Brain Is in Charge f Lying?
C. When Is It Especially Bad fr Peple t Lie?
D. Hw Can We Keep Lies Frm Falling Apart?
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章详细阐述了撒谎众多危害。
【详解】1. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“By being hnest with peple, yu nt nly buildup gdwill， but als save a lt f brainpwer（通过对人诚实，你不仅可以建立善意，还可以节省大量的脑力）”可知，这一段写诚实的好处。故选C项。
2. 推理判断题。第二段“Hwever, lying takes much mre wrk.然而，撒谎需要付出更多的努力。”为本段主题句，后面的句子“Imagine yu’re late t class and the teacher asks why. If yu decide t lie, yu have t make up a stry n the spt, think abut the varius directins the cnversatin might take and figure ut what yu need t say t keep this whle lie frm falling apart. Yu might nt be aware f it, but yu just give yur brain a lt f extra wrk.(想象一下你上课迟到了，老师问你为什么。如果你决定撒谎，你必须当场编造一个故事，思考谈话可能会朝着不同的方向发展，并想清楚你需要说些什么才能避免整个谎言分崩离析。你可能没有意识到，但你只是给了你的大脑很多额外的工作。)”都是举例说明。可知，作者用学生撒谎这个例子来支持其论点：撒谎需要付出更多的努力。故选D项。
3. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Wrking memry keeps smething in mind just fr a little while(工作记忆会让一些事情在脑海中停留一段时间)，以及“It stres things fr nly a shrt while as yu’re using them, and it desn’t put them in lng-term strage.(当你使用它们时，它只会在短时间内存储它们，而不会将它们长期存储。)”可知，wrking memry属于短时记忆。故选B项。
4. 主旨大意题。第一段“Mst peple dn’t lie very much. It makes sense. By being hnest with peple, yu nt nly buildup gdwill， but als save a lt f brainpwer since yur brain desn’t have t d anything ut f the rdinary when yu tell the truth. Yu just think f what yu want t say, and yu say it.(大多数人不怎么说谎。这很有道理。通过对人诚实，你不仅可以建立善意，还可以节省大量脑力，因为当你说实话时，你的大脑不必做任何不同寻常的事情。你只要想一想你想说什么，然后就说出来。)”是说诚实的好处，而二、三和四段从不同角度说撒谎的危害。所以用A项“What Are the Harmful Effects f Lying?（说谎有哪些有害影响?）”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) .
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In such a busy wrld, it is easy fr us t ignre sme details that may determine success r failure, which is really annying. Frtunately, attentin t details is a learned skill, and it’s ne that yu can definitely develp!
1. Make full and neat lists.
Making lists is a really useful way t be rganized and t make sure that yu knw when and hw everything needs t cme tgether. ___16___ In that way, yu’ll knw what yu actually did befre.
2. ___17___
When yu’re distracted, yu’re nt ging t be able t recall things as easily as usual and mre likely t frget the details f yur prject r hmewrk. S if yu wrk at hme, put yur phne n silent and tell yur friends and family members nt t call yu when yu’re wrking unless it’s an emergency. ___18___
3. Dn’t d several things at the same time.
Multitasking spreads yur attentin ut ver a variety f items instead f fcusing n ne specific item. ___19___ Using the list that yu’ve drawn up, yu can g frm prject t prject, giving each yur full attentin withut checking yur phne.
4. Take breaks.
___20___ Make sure that yu schedule yur prjects arund the same time each day and try t rest fr 10 t 15 minutes each time. This will give yur brain a chance t relax in time fr the next prject. A break can be smething as simple as stretching and taking a shrt walk arund yur ffice, r ging fr cffee dwn the street.
A. Get rganized if it is pssible.
B. Try yu best t limit the distractins.
C. Once yu’ve cmpleted an item n yur list, check it ff.
D. In ther wrds, yu are unable t give full attentin t each item.
E. At wrkplace, simply say, “I really have t get this prject finished.”
F. A gd way t keep yur brain sharp and fcus n details is t take rests.
G. Yu need t arrange yur life t have hpe f paying attentin t the small things.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. E 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是如何提高注意力的方法。
【16题详解】
根据本段主题句“Make full and neat lists.(列出完整而整齐的清单。)”可知，本段讲述的的是通过列一个完整的清单来提升注意力，根据空后“In that way, yu’ll knw what yu actually did befre.(这样，你就会知道你以前做过什么。)”中的in that way可知，此空处应为了解自己之前完成什么的方法，C选项“Once yu’ve cmpleted an item n yur list, check it ff.(一旦你完成了清单上的一项任务，就把它划掉。)”讲述的是一种核查项目完成情况的方法，与与本段主题吻合，且与空后内容一致。故选C项。
【17题详解】
分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，结合其它段落的主题句可知，此处应为祈使句，根据空后的“When yu’re distracted, yu’re nt ging t be able t recall things as easily as usual and mre likely t frget the details f yur prject r hmewrk. S if yu wrk at hme, put yur phne n silent and tell yur friends and family members nt t call yu when yu’re wrking unless it’s an emergency.(当你分心的时候，你不可能像平常那样容易回忆起事情，更有可能忘记你的项目或家庭作业的细节。所以如果你在家工作，把手机调成静音，告诉你的朋友和家人不要在你工作的时候打电话给你，除非有紧急情况)”可知，本段的建议是减少分散注意力的干扰，B选项“Try yu best t limit the distractins.(尽量减少干扰。)”概括了该段的内容，且为祈使句。故选B项。
【18题详解】
根据空前的“S if yu wrk at hme, put yur phne n silent and tell yur friends and family members nt t call yu when yu’re wrking unless it’s an emergency.( 所以如果你在家工作，把手机调成静音，告诉你的朋友和家人不要在你工作的时候打电话给你，除非有紧急情况。)”可知，此处讲述的是在家如何排除干扰的方法，E选项“At wrkplace, simply say, “I really have t get this prject finished.”(在工作场所，简单地说:“我真的必须完成这个项目。”。)”中的at wrkplace可知，此处讲述的是在工作场所如何排除干扰的方法，与空前的内容一致，且与本段的主题吻合。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据本段的主题句“Dn’t d several things at the same time.( 不要同时做几件事。)”可知，本段讲述的是不要多任务同时进行，根据空前的“Multitasking spreads yur attentin ut ver a variety f items instead f fcusing n ne specific item.(多任务处理将你的注意力分散在各种各样的事情上，而不是只关注一个特定的事情。)”可知，多任务同时进行会导致不能专注于特定的项目，D选项“In ther wrds, yu are unable t give full attentin t each item.(换句话说，你无法对每一件事都给予充分的注意力。)”中的in ther wrds可知，此空处对空前内容进一步解释说明，且内容与本段主题一致。故选D项。
【20题详解】
根据本段的主题句“Take breaks.(休息一下。)”可知，本段讲述的是“休息一下”的好处，F选项“A gd way t keep yur brain sharp and fcus n details is t take rests.(保持大脑敏锐和专注于细节的一个好方法是休息。)”中的take rests为解题的关键，且讲述的内容与本段主题吻合。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Since 2020, the wrld has set a gal f safe water fr all and has advanced tward it. Hwever, the fast-grwing bttled-water industry is ___21___ cuntries’ failure t achieve the gal.
The fast-grwing bttled water can ___22___ the prgress safe-water prjects, by ___23___ their attentin t a less reliable ptin(选择). The latest UN University reprt shwed that the annual ___24___ f the glbal bttled-water market are expected t $ 500 billin wrldwide this decade. This can increase ___25___ in water-depleted (缺水的) areas while ___26___ t plastic pllutin n land and in the ceans. In fact, the industry’s greatest impact seems t ___27___ the prgress f natins’ gals t prvide its residents with equal access t affrdable drinking water. In the Glbal Nrth, bttled water is ften understd t be healthier and ___28___ than tap water. It is mre a luxury than a necessity. Meanwhile, in the Glbal Suth, it is the absence f reliable public water ___29___ that drives bttled water markets.
Therefre, in many lw- and middle-incme cuntries. ____30____ cnsumptin f bttled water can be seen as a ____31____ f decades f gvernments’ failure t ____32____ cmmitments(承诺) t safe public water systems. This further widens the glbal ____33____ between the billins f peple wh lack access t ____34____ water services and thse wh enjy water as a luxury. S it’s time t strengthen legislatin (立法) t. ____35____ the industry and its water-quality standards.
21. A. cveringB. preventingC. delayingD. challenging
22. A. quickenB. imprveC. damageD. prtect
23. A. cncentratingB. turningC. fixingD. attracting
24. A. salesB. lssesC. pricesD. prducts
25. A. rangeB. mtivatinC. incmeD. stress
26. A. admittingB. expressingC. cntributingD. develping
27. A. keep upB. keep nC. keep backD. keep dwn
28. A. clearerB. tastierC. friendlierD. cheaper
29. A. supplyB. testC. rderD. discvery
30. A. DecliningB. RisingC. SlwingD. Cntrlling
31. A. signB. bjectiveC. riginD. example
32. A. wrk utB. break awayC. set ffD. carry ut
33. A. linkB. cperatinC. gapD. relatin
34. A. cstlyB. unsafeC. dependentD. reliable
35. A. teachB. cnfirmC. regulateD. expand
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了快速增长的瓶装水行业掩盖了各国未能实现使人人享有安全饮用水的目标。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，快速增长的瓶装水行业掩盖了各国未能实现这一目标的事实。A. cvering覆盖，掩盖；B. preventing阻止；C. delaying推迟；D. challenging挑战。根据“Since 2020, the wrld has set a gal f safe water fr all and has advanced tward it.”和“Hwever”可知，快速增长的瓶装水行业掩盖了各国未能实现使人人享有安全饮用水的目标。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：快速增长的瓶装水可能会破坏安全水项目的进展，因为它们将注意力集中在不太可靠的选择上。A. quicken加速；B. imprve提高，改善；C. damage损害，伤害；D. prtect保护。根据“t a less reliable ptin(选择)”可知，因为选择不太可靠，所以快速增长的瓶装水可能会破坏安全水项目的进展。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. cncentrating集中（注意力）；B. turning转向，转身；C. fixing修理，固定；D. attracting吸引。根据“their attentin”可知，此处表示集中注意力。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：联合国大学的最新报告显示，这十年来，全球瓶装水市场每年的损失预计将达到5000亿美元。A. sales销售，销量；B. lsses损失；C. prices价格；D. prducts产品。根据“the glbal bttled-water market are expected t $ 500 billin wrldwide this decade.”可知，这十年来，全球瓶装水市场每年的损失预计将达到5000亿美元。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能会增加缺水地区的压力，同时造成陆地和海洋的塑料污染。A. range范围；B. mtivatin动机；C. incme收入；D. stress压力。根据“water-depleted (缺水的) areas”可知，全球瓶装水市场每年的损失可能会增加缺水地区的压力。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. admitting承认；B. expressing表达；C. cntributing捐献，是……的原因之一；D. develping发展。根据“plastic pllutin n land and in the ceans”可知，此处表示导致陆地和海洋塑料污染，cntribute t为固定短语，意为“导致”。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上，该行业最大的影响似乎是阻碍了国家为居民提供平等负担得起的饮用水的目标的进展。A. keep up保持，支持；B. keep n继续；C. keep back隐瞒，阻止；D. keep dwn压住，控制。根据上文“Hwever, the fast-grwing bttled-water industry is ___1___ cuntries’ failure t achieve the gal.”可知，瓶装水行业最大的影响似乎是阻碍了国家为居民提供平等负担得起的饮用水的目标的进展。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在全球北部，瓶装水通常被认为比自来水更健康、更美味。A. clearer更干净的；B. tastier更美味的；C. friendlier更友好的；D. cheaper更便宜的。根据“healthier”可知，此处表示瓶装水比自来水更健康，更美味。故选B。
29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，在全球南方，缺乏可靠的公共供水推动了瓶装水市场。A. supply供应量；B. test测试；C. rder顺序，命令；D. discvery发现。根据“the absence f reliable public water”可知，缺乏可靠的公共供水推动了瓶装水市场的发展。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：瓶装水消费量的增加可以被视为政府几十年来未能履行安全公共供水系统承诺的一个标志。A. Declining下降；B. Rising上升，增长；C. Slwing减缓；D. Cntrlling控制。根据上文“Hwever, the fast-grwing bttled-water industry is ___1___ cuntries’ failure t achieve the gal.”可知，此处指的是瓶装水消费量的提高。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. sign标志，迹象；B. bjective目标，目的；C. rigin起源；D. example例子。根据“___10___ cnsumptin f bttled water”可知，瓶装水消费量的增加可以被视为政府几十年来未能履行安全公共供水系统承诺的一个标志。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. wrk ut计算出，锻炼；B. break away逃脱，突然离开；C. set ff出发，动身；D. carry ut执行，实施。根据“failure t achieve the gal.”可知，此处表示未能履行安全公共供水系统承诺。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这进一步扩大了数十亿无法获得可靠供水服务的人和将水视为奢侈品的人之间的全球差距。A. link连接；B. cperatin合作；C. gap间隔，差距；D. relatin关联，亲属。根据“This further widens”可知，此处表示扩大了差距。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. cstly花钱多的，昂贵的；B. unsafe不安全的；C. dependent依赖的，依靠的；D. reliable可靠的。根据上文“their attentin t a less reliable ptin”可知，此处为信息词reliable的词汇复现。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，是时候加强立法来规范该行业及其水质标准了。A. teach教；B. cnfirm证实；C. regulate规定，控制；D. expand扩大。根据“strengthen legislatin”可知，立法是为了规范瓶装水行业。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ding Liren, a 30-year-ld frm Wenzhu, China, has becme China’s first men’s wrld chess champin after defeating Russia’s Ian Nepmniachtchi. Ding ____36____ (win) a rapid-play tiebreaker (决胜局) after 14 first-stage games at the Wrld Chess Champinship in Kazakhstan. Ding’s victry makes him the 17th winner f the wrld chess game. His success,____37____ (wide) celebrated in China, shws the cuntry’s rising influence in glbal chess.
____38____ Nepmniachtchi put up a strng fight, this marked his secnd lss in the champinship finals. Fr the tiebreaker, each player had nly 25 minutes t make their mves, plus ____39____ extra ten secnds fr every mve they made. Ding wn in the furth quick game and had finished secnd at the Candidates Turnament, which ____40____ (player) must win t challenge the wrld champin.
Ding’s jurney in chess has been ____41____ (amaze), frm becming China’s yungest natinal champin in 2009 ____42____ ranking secnd wrldwide. He als hlds the lngest undefeated recrd in tp-level chess histry frm 2017 t 2018. This victry reflects China’s grwth in the glbal chess scene. China ____43____ (be) strng in wmen’s chess since the 1990s, when Xie Jun became the first Chinese persn ____44____ (receive) a wrld title in 1991 in the wmen’s game. N Chinese player had ever wn the Wrld Chess Champinship befre, in ____45____ bth men and wmen can cmpete.
【答案】36. wn
37. widely 38. Althugh##Thugh##While 39. an
40. players
41. amazing 42. t
43. has been
44. t receive
45. which
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍的是30岁的丁立人，来自中国温州，在击败俄罗斯的Ian Nepmniachtchi之后，成为了中国第一个男子国际象棋世界冠军。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：在哈萨克斯坦举行的世界国际象棋锦标赛上，经过14场第一阶段比赛，丁立人赢得了一场速战速决的比赛。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故填wn。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：他的成功在中国广受赞誉，显示出中国在国际象棋中日益上升的影响力。句中使用副词widely (广泛地)作状语，修饰动词celebrate。故填widely。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：尽管Nepmniachtchi打得很顽强，但这是他在冠军赛决赛中的第二次失利。分析句子，设空处使用连词连接前后两个句子，此处表示让步关系，故用althugh或者thugh或者while引导让步状语从句。同时该空置于句首，首字母大写。故填Althugh/Thugh/While。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在决胜局中，每位选手只有25分钟的时间来走棋，每走一步棋都有10秒的额外时间。分析句子，句中extra ten secnds表示“额外多十秒钟”，此处ten secnds为一个整体，泛指，故空前使用不定冠词。extra首字母为元音音素。故填an。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：丁立人在第四局快速比赛中获胜，并在候选人锦标赛中获得第二名，选手必须赢得比赛才能挑战世界冠军。分析句子，设空处使用名词作定语从句主语。此处表示复数意义。故填players。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：丁立人的国际象棋之旅令人惊叹，从2009年成为中国最年轻的全国冠军到世界排名第二。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语。此处修饰jurney，故使用修饰物的-ing结尾的形容词amazing。故填amazing。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：同上。句中frm…t…为固定短语，意为“从……到……”。故填t。
【43题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自上世纪90年代以来，中国在女子国际象棋方面一直实力雄厚，1991年，谢军成为首位获得女子国际象棋世界冠军的中国人。分析句子，句中since the 1990s为现在完成时的时间标志，主语China，谓语单数形式。故填has been。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子，句中became为谓语动词。设空处使用非谓语动词。名词persn前有序数词，此处是first时，设空处应用不定式作后置定语。故填t receive。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：此前还没有中国棋手赢得过男子和女子都可以参加的世界象棋锦标赛。分析句子，设空处与空前介词in构成“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语，指代前文的先行词Wrld Chess Champinship，为物，用关系代词which。故填which。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 书面表达 （15分）
46. 假设你校开展了一系列劳动实践课程，包括蔬菜种植、手工制作、家电维修等等。请你写一篇短文向校英文报投稿，内容包括：1. 你喜爱的课程；2. 你的心得体会；3. 对课程的建议。
My Favrite Hands-n Curse
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【答案】 In respnse t the call f natinwide labr educatin, a series f hands-n curses were launched last term in ur schl, ranging frm planting vegetables t making traditinal handicrafts.
Sewing is ne f my favrite curses, where I btained a fundamental knwledge f essential life skills such as sewing a buttn, knitting a scarf, and making a cushin by perating the sewing machine. It was surely a rewarding and fulfilling experience, which nt nly enriched ur extracurricular life but als helped us acquire practical basic wrking capabilities fr livelihd and frm the gd habit f laburing.
The hands-n curses have wn wide ppularity amng students and exerted a psitive effect n the persnal grwth f everyne invlved. If pssible, an exhibitin culd be held t demnstrate students’ well-designed wrks and display their creativity.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文。要求考生写一篇短文，介绍自己喜欢的劳动实践课程。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
课程：lessn→curse
获得：gain→btain
影响：influence→effect
展示：shw→display
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： In respnse t the call f natinwide labr educatin, a series f hands-n curses were launched last term in ur schl, ranging frm planting vegetables t making traditinal handicrafts.
拓展句： In respnse t the call f natinwide labr educatin, a series f hands-n curses were launched last term in ur schl, which ranged frm planting vegetables t making traditinal handicrafts.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Sewing is ne f my favrite curses, where I btained a fundamental knwledge f essential life skills such as sewing a buttn, knitting a scarf, and making a cushin by perating the sewing machine.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】 It was surely a rewarding and fulfilling experience, which nt nly enriched ur extracurricular life but als helped us acquire practical basic wrking capabilities fr livelihd and frm the gd habit f laburing.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节：读后续写（25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Many years ag, when I was a yung man in my twenties, I wrked as a salesman fr a St. Luis pian cmpany. Every time we wuld advertise in Sutheast Missuri, we wuld receive a reply n a pstcard which said, “Please bring me a new pian fr my little granddaughter. I can pay $10 a mnth with my egg mney.” The ld lady scrawled n and n and n that pstcard until she filled it up.
Of curse, we culd nt sell a new pian fr $10 a mnth. N finance cmpany wuld carry a cntract with payments that small, s we ignred her pstcards.
One day, hwever, I happened t be in that area calling n ther replies, and ut f curisity I decided t lk the ld lady up: The ld lady lived in a small and dirty huse in the middle f a cttn field. There were chickens in the huse. Obviusly, the ld lady culd nt have qualified t purchase anything n credit. Her little granddaughter was abut 10, bareft. I explained t the ld lady that we culd nt sell a new pian fr $10 a mnth. Hwever, she still sent us the same pstcard every six weeks.
A cuple f years later, I wned my wn pian cmpany, and when I advertised in that area, the pstcards started cming t me. Fr mnths, I ignred them.
But then, ne day, despite knwing that I was abut t make a terrible business decisin, I delivered the pian t the ld lady and tld her I wuld carry the cntract myself at $10 a mnth with n interest, and that wuld mean 52 payments. I tk the new pian in the huse and placed it where I thught the rf wuld be least likely t rain n it. It ld her and the little girl t try t keep the chickens ff f it, and I left — sure I had just thrwn away a new pian.
But the payments came in, all 52 f them as agreed — smetimes with cins taped t a 3×5inch card in the envelpe. It was incredible!
S, I put the incident ut f my mind fr 20 years.
注意
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: Then ne day, as I was sitting at the bar having an after-dinner drink, I heard the mst beautiful pian music behind me.
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Paragraph 2: She tld me her name was Elise and since her grandmther culdn’t affrd t pay fr lessns, she had learned t play by listening t the radi.
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【答案】 Then ne day, as I was sitting at the bar having an after-dinner drink, I heard the mst beautiful pian music behind me. Lking arund, I saw a lvely yung wman playing a very nice grand pian. Stunned by her great perfrmance, I mved t a table beside her. She stpped and smiled at me plitely, “Aren’t yu the man wh sent my grandma a pian a lng time ag?” It didn’t ring a bell, s she started t explain. And I suddenly remembered. My gdness, it was her, the little bareft girl. I wanted t knw mre abut the girl.
She tld me her name was Elise and since her grandmther culdn’t affrd t pay fr lessns, she had learned t play by listening t the radi. After practicing hard, she culd play many sngs. Then, she was admitted t a music schl where she was ffered a schlarship. She expressed her deep gratitude t me. She said, “ If yu hadn’t given me this pian, I wuldn’t be where I am right nw.” I felt prud f her and als tld that it was her grandma’s persistence and lve that made her achieve her dream.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。主要讲述了作者大学毕业后在一家钢琴公司当销售员，每当公司做广告的时候，公司总会收到一位老太太的明信片，上面写着“请给我的小孙女一架新钢琴。我可以用卖鸡蛋的钱一个月付10美元。”几年后，作者拥有了一家自己的钢琴公司，决定免费给那位老太太一把钢琴，自己将承担每月10美元，总共需要支付52笔钱。但随后作者收到老太太寄给作者的全部52笔钱。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“后来有一天，我正坐在酒吧里喝着饭后饮料，听到身后传来最美妙的钢琴声。”可知，第一段可描写作者走近去听女孩弹奏钢琴，女孩认出了作者就是当年给自己钢琴的人。
②由第二段首句内容“她告诉我她的名字叫爱丽丝，由于她的祖母付不起学费，她就通过听收音机学会了弹琴。”可知，第二段可描写女孩靠自己努力获取了成功，同时表达对作者的感谢，作者告诉女孩是她奶奶的爱和坚持让她实现了梦想。
2.续写线索：听到钢琴声——走近——女孩认出作者——作者惊讶——女孩讲述成功经历——感谢作者——作者感到骄傲——告诉女孩她奶奶对她的爱
3.词汇激活
行为类
①四处看：lk arund/lk abut
②了解：knw abut/learn abut
③表演：play/perfrmance
情绪类
①惊讶的：stunned /surprised
②感激：gratitude/appreciatin
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Lking arund, I saw a lvely yung wman playing a very nice grand pian. （运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2].Then, she was admitted t a music schl where she was ffered a schlarship. （运用了where引导限制性定语从句）
[高分句型3]. I felt prud f her and als tld that it was her grandma’s persistence and lve that made her achieve her dream.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和强调句型）