江西省新余市实验中学2023-2024学年高二上学期开学检测英语试卷

新余市实验中学2023-2024学年度高二开学检测英语试卷

第一部分  听力(共两节,满分30分)

第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项.听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍.

1. What sport does the woman like best now?

A. Volleyball. B. Basketball. C. Tennis.

2. Why is the woman unhappy?

A. Her father is strict with her.

B. One of her family members is ill

C. She fails to get on with her mother.

3. When did the woman graduate?

A. In 1998. B. In 2003. C. In 2008.

4. Which watch will the woman probably choose?

A. Longines. B. Fiyta. C. Omega.

5. Where does the conversation take place?

A. At a theatre. B. At the airport. C. In a hotel.

第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白. 每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项.听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍.

听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题.

6. What are the speakers talking about?

A. Chinese paintings. B. Chinese tea. C. Chinese mountains.

7. How does black tea taste according to the woman?

A. Sweet. B. Light. C. Heavy.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

8. What does Jim suggest the woman to do?

A. Check the breathing. B. Make a call C. Perform CPR.

9. What phone number does Jim call?

A. 120. B. 911 C. 119.

10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Doctor and patient. B. Strangers. C. Friends.

听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题.

11. Who is the present from?

A. Mr. Li. B. Mr. White. C. Ann.

12. Which city does Mr. White live in?

A Nanjing. B. Beijing. C. Shanghai.

13. Which bus does Mr. White advise the woman to take?

A. Bus 306. B. Bus 310 C. Bus 360

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题

14. What does the man say about friendly people?

A. They are often fair.

B. They are serious sometimes.

C. They are usually active and fun.

15. What kind of quality does the woman think is important?

A. Honesty. B. Bravery. C. Confidence.

16. Why does the woman dislike funny people?

A. They are usually dishonest.

B. They lack facial expressions.

C. They seem to take nothing seriously.

17. What is the speaker doing?

A. Visiting a university. B. Sharing her experience. C. Introducing her hobbies.

18. What is the speaker?

A. A teacher. B. A student. C. A basketball coach.

19. How does the speaker feel about her college life?

A. Frightened. B. Satisfied. C. Curious.

20. What is the best way to overcome fears in the speaker’s opinion?

A. Talking with others. B. Finding similarities. C. Doing sports.

第二部分阅读理解

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

As the forest decreases, Africa has become overly dependent on several tree species. Fortunately, the Volunteer National Parks and Reserves Project is helping to stop this terrible trend. Choose from Kakum National Park, Shai Hills Resource Reserve or Mole National Park and make a vital contribution to environmental preservation in Ghana.

Quick facts

Programme: Volunteer Ghana                Project Site: National parks & reserves

Minimum Duration: 4 weeks                 Language Requirement: English

Minimum Age: 18                          Accommodations: 2 meals daily &Homestay

Working Hours: 7 hours per day             Start Dates: Every other Friday

Your role as a volunteer

You will help by maintaining the grounds, constructing or repairing park facilities and assisting with land management projects, as well as directing park visitors, promoting the park’s tourist appeal and raising awareness of environmental issues.

Also help lower the rate of forest decrease and protect the biodiversity within Ghana’s national parks and reserves. Media-loved volunteers may also get involved in park projects related to video creation, photography and image arts.

National parks and reserves volunteers typically work five days, from Monday to Friday. Working hours are from 8 a. m. until 3 p. m. However, schedules and exact duties may vary depending on the park you’re based at, your qualifications, and the time and duration of your stay.

Journey to work

National parks and reserves volunteers are placed with a host family living either in the park or in a village nearby.

Contact us

To get further information, please visit our website at www.uvolunteer.net.

Join the Volunteer National Parks and Reserves Project to do your part for the environment in Ghana.

21．What does the project offer volunteers?

A．Free trips across Ghana.     B．Two meals every day.

C．A language course.       D．A 4-week training.

22．What does a volunteer’s job involve?

A．Helping ground management.    B．Building more nature reserves.

C．Introducing various tree species.    D．Tearing down old park equipment.

23．What is the project intended to do?

A．Stop animals from dying out.    B．Protect Ghana’s environment.

C．Keep the diversity of culture.    D．Collect ecological information.

B

I’ve never been someone who gets homesick, but the prospect (展望) of going home in a few days is one of the few things keeping me going. It has been a stressful term. I’m looking forward to seeing my family and friends. But despite my excitement, I’ve been having some Thanksgiving break-caused anxiety. I feel like I’m under a time crunch (困境) trying to fit so many things into just a few days. Will I have time to see all my friends, spend time with family, and get my work alone?

I’m definitely still grateful that I am able to go home, but it’s strange because I’ve never connected Thanksgiving with being anxious before. Maybe I feel this way because it’s my first year. Breaks in college are different from high school. Teachers usually didn’t give work over break and I could relax the entire time in high school, but it doesn’t exactly work that way here.

Everyone has been so busy this term, and it’s difficult to relax, knowing that we have assignments due as soon as class restarts. The fact that reading period starts only 10 days after break doesn’t help either. I don’t know if I’ll ever get used to how fast college moves. Final weeks and winter break are going to be here before we know it, and that is slightly terrifying.

Even though I feel this mixture of excitement and anxiety, the break has helped me gain a better understanding about my first term of college. I’ve met so many new people and become part of clubs that I’m passionate about. The to-do list will still be there over break, but it’s nice to look back and see that I managed to get through most of the term pretty successfully. I’m still thankful for my family and friends as usual, but this year I’m especially thankful for myself.

24. How does the author feel about the coming Thanksgiving break?

A. Eager but anxious. B. Relaxed but doubtful.

C. Excited but frightened. D. Curious but stressed.

25. What can we infer about breaks in college?

A. They are free of homework. B. They are tasked with much work.

C. They are full of relaxation. D. They are important for progress.

26. What makes the author a little terrified?

A. The reading period. B. The coming exams.

C. The fast pace of college life. D. The short period of winter break.

27. What does the author realize when reflecting on the first term?

A. The to-do list pushes him to learn.

B. He has gained a lot from college life.

C. Adapting to the new life requires family support.

D. Self-independence is more important than others, support.

C

Throughout folktale, tales of shapeshifting creatures, from wolves to vampires, have often spread horror across a variety of cultures. But these physical transformations are not limited to the pages of fiction.

A review article suggests that climate change could be physically altering a variety of species across the planet, as individuals change their shape to suit the rising temperatures across the world. Features such as tails, legs and ears are changing to provide different levels of heat exchange with the environment. Warm-blooded animals tend to have longer ears, tails, and limbs if they live in warmer conditions, compared with similar animals in colder places. The long body parts provide a bigger skin surface that they can use to get rid of extra heat.

While the changes occur across a range of species, they’re not universal across every animal considered. These adaptations may be beneficial in the short to medium term, but as the climate continues to change, animals can not continually adapt. At some point, the trade-off won’t be beneficial anymore, which could lead to population declines and even extinction. So, while a larger beak may be useful for species wanting to lose more heat, if it makes the beak more impractical for feeding then it may end up being more of a disadvantage for the birds. There are also a variety of other ways of controlling body temperature that don’t require changes in body shape, such as behavioral changes like making use of shade and migrating at warmer times of year.

Of course, to some extent we already know what’s needed to limit the emptiness of the future natural world. This includes reducing greenhouse gases; protecting biodiversity; restoring connectivity between habitats; and reducing interrelated threats like pollution and land harvesting. Even species that are close to extinction can be brought back from the edge with enough conservation effort.

28. What’s the function of Paragraph 1?

A. To show the prevalence of shapeshifting creatures.

B. To introduce the topic of animals’ physical changes.

C. To stress the fear caused by shapeshifting creatures.

D. To list examples of shapeshifting creatures in folktales.

29. According to Paragraph 2, which of the following statements is TURE?

A. Animals extend some of their body parts to achieve better cooling effect.

B. Climate change is having a huge impact on almost every species on the earth.

C. Animals transform their physical features to adapt to the drop of temperatures.

D. Warm-blooded animals in colder places are more likely to have longer body parts.

30. Why does the author mention the example of “a larger beak” in Paragraph 3?

A. To warn that some changes in animals’ body parts do no good at all.

B. To indicate that the rising temperatures have caused birds more harm.

C. To introduce behavioral changes as a better way to deal with climate change.

D To demonstrate the limited or even negative effect of physical transformations.

31. What’s the author’s attitude toward the future of the natural world?

A. Doubtful. B. Hopeful. C. Indifferent. D. Ambiguous.

D

Most people don’t lie very much. It makes sense. By being honest with people, you not only buildup goodwill, but also save a lot of brainpower since your brain doesn’t have to do anything out of the ordinary when you tell the truth. You just think of what you want to say, and you say it.

However, lying takes much more work. Imagine you’re late to class and the teacher asks why. If you decide to lie, you have to make up a story on the spot, think about the various directions the conversation might take and figure out what you need to say to keep this whole lie from falling apart. You might not be aware of it, but you just give your brain a lot of extra work. “A lot of that brain work is done in a region called the prefrontal cortex. It’s the part in charge of working memory,” explains Jennifer Vendemia, a scientist from the University of South Carolina.

Working memory keeps something in mind just for a little while, such as remembering instructions for how to play a game or some other specific task. It stores things for only a short while as you’re using them, and it doesn’t put them in long-term storage. Besides working memory, the prefrontal cortex also takes care of tasks such as planning, problem-solving and self-control. Scientists describe these as executive function tasks. Executive function lets you think a step or two ahead to make sure the lie you’re telling will likely holdup to questioning. “Spending so much brainpower trying to keep a story straight means there’s less available for other things,” says Vendemia. “Lying is especially harmful for young people as the prefrontal cortex is not fully developed until around age 25. When the prefrontal cortex is busy with tasks related to lying, younger people have a harder time doing other tasks.”

Lying has social costs, too. People generally value honesty and don’t like liars. So if people view you as untrustworthy, it can be bad for your relationships.

32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A. The costs of lying to people. B. The true meaning of honesty.

C. The benefits of being truthful. D. The difficulty of being a good liar.

33. Why is a lying student mentioned in the second paragraph?

A. To prove a theory. B. To introduce a topic.

C. To provide the background. D. To give an example.

34. Which of the following is the function of working memory?

A. Remembering a life-long lesson.

B. Storing information for a short time.

C. Pushing oneself to face difficulties.

D. Processing information in the brain.

35 What is the best title for the text?

A. What Are the Harmful Effects of Lying?

B. Which Part of Brain Is in Charge of Lying?

C. When Is It Especially Bad for People to Lie?

D. How Can We Keep Lies From Falling Apart?

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) .

阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

In such a busy world, it is easy for us to ignore some details that may determine success or failure, which is really annoying. Fortunately, attention to details is a learned skill, and it’s one that you can definitely develop!

1. Make full and neat lists.

Making lists is a really useful way to be organized and to make sure that you know when and how everything needs to come together. ___16___ In that way, you’ll know what you actually did before.

2. ___17___

When you’re distracted, you’re not going to be able to recall things as easily as usual and more likely to forget the details of your project or homework. So if you work at home, put your phone on silent and tell your friends and family members not to call you when you’re working unless it’s an emergency. ___18___

3. Don’t do several things at the same time.

Multitasking spreads your attention out over a variety of items instead of focusing on one specific item. ___19___ Using the list that you’ve drawn up, you can go from project to project, giving each your full attention without checking your phone.

4. Take breaks.

___20___ Make sure that you schedule your projects around the same time each day and try to rest for 10 to 15 minutes each time. This will give your brain a chance to relax in time for the next project. A break can be something as simple as stretching and taking a short walk around your office, or going for coffee down the street.

A. Get organized if it is possible.

B. Try you best to limit the distractions.

C. Once you’ve completed an item on your list, check it off.

D. In other words, you are unable to give full attention to each item.

E. At workplace, simply say, “I really have to get this project finished.”

F. A good way to keep your brain sharp and focus on details is to take rests.

G. You need to arrange your life to have hope of paying attention to the small things.

第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Since 2020, the world has set a goal of safe water for all and has advanced toward it. However, the fast-growing bottled-water industry is ___21___ countries’ failure to achieve the goal.

The fast-growing bottled water can ___22___ the progress safe-water projects, by ___23___ their attention to a less reliable option(选择). The latest UN University report showed that the annual ___24___ of the global bottled-water market are expected to $ 500 billion worldwide this decade. This can increase ___25___ in water-depleted (缺水的) areas while ___26___ to plastic pollution on land and in the oceans. In fact, the industry’s greatest impact seems to ___27___ the progress of nations’ goals to provide its residents with equal access to affordable drinking water. In the Global North, bottled water is often understood to be healthier and ___28___ than tap water. It is more a luxury than a necessity. Meanwhile, in the Global South, it is the absence of reliable public water ___29___ that drives bottled water markets.

Therefore, in many low- and middle-income countries. ____30____ consumption of bottled water can be seen as a ____31____ of decades of governments’ failure to ____32____ commitments(承诺) to safe public water systems. This further widens the global ____33____ between the billions of people who lack access to ____34____ water services and those who enjoy water as a luxury. So it’s time to strengthen legislation (立法) to. ____35____ the industry and its water-quality standards.

21. A. covering B. preventing C. delaying D. challenging

22. A. quicken B. improve C. damage D. protect

23 A. concentrating B. turning C. fixing D. attracting

24. A. sales B. losses C. prices D. products

25. A. range B. motivation C. income D. stress

26. A. admitting B. expressing C. contributing D. developing

27. A. keep up B. keep on C. keep back D. keep down

28. A. clearer B. tastier C. friendlier D. cheaper

29. A. supply B. test C. order D. discovery

30. A. Declining B. Rising C. Slowing D. Controlling

31. A. sign B. objective C. origin D. example

32. A. work out B. break away C. set off D. carry out

33. A. link B. cooperation C. gap D. relation

34. A. costly B. unsafe C. dependent D. reliable

35. A. teach B. confirm C. regulate D. expand

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Ding Liren, a 30-year-old from Wenzhou, China, has become China’s first men’s world chess champion after defeating Russia’s Ian Nepomniachtchi. Ding ____56____ (win) a rapid-play tiebreaker (决胜局) after 14 first-stage games at the World Chess Championship in Kazakhstan. Ding’s victory makes him the 17th winner of the world chess game. His success,____57____ (wide) celebrated in China, shows the country’s rising influence in global chess.

____58____ Nepomniachtchi put up a strong fight, this marked his second loss in the championship finals. For the tiebreaker, each player had only 25 minutes to make their moves, plus ____59____ extra ten seconds for every move they made. Ding won in the fourth quick game and had finished second at the Candidates Tournament, which ____60____ (player) must win to challenge the world champion.

Ding’s journey in chess has been ____61____ (amaze), from becoming China’s youngest national champion in 2009 ____62____ ranking second worldwide. He also holds the longest undefeated record in top-level chess history from 2017 to 2018. This victory reflects China’s growth in the global chess scene. China ____63____ (be) strong in women’s chess since the 1990s, when Xie Jun became the first Chinese person ____64____ (receive) a world title in 1991 in the women’s game. No Chinese player had ever won the World Chess Championship before, in ____65____ both men and women can compete.

第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节 书面表达 （15分）

假设你校开展了一系列劳动实践课程，包括蔬菜种植、手工制作、家电维修等等。请你写一篇短文向校英文报投稿，内容包括:1. 你喜爱的课程；2.你的心得体会；3.对课程的建议。

My Favorite Hands-on Course

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

第二节：读后续写（25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Many years ago, when I was a young man in my twenties, I worked as a salesman for a St. Louis piano company. Every time we would advertise in Southeast Missouri, we would receive a reply on a postcard which said, “Please bring me a new piano for my little granddaughter. I can pay $10 a month with my egg money.” The old lady scrawled(潦草地写) on and on and on that postcard until she filled it up.

Of course, we could not sell a new piano for $10 a month. No finance company would carry a contract with payments that small, so we ignored her postcards.

One day, however, I happened to be in that area calling on other replies, and out of curiosity I decided to look the old lady up: The old lady lived in a small and dirty house in the middle of a cotton field. There were chickens in the house. Obviously, the old lady could not have qualified to purchase anything on credit. Her little granddaughter was about 10, barefoot. I explained to the old lady that we could not sell a new piano for $10 a month. However, she still sent us the same postcard every six weeks.

A couple of years later, I owned my own piano company, and when I advertised in that area, the postcards started coming to me. For months, I ignored them.

But then, one day, despite knowing that I was about to make a terrible business decision, I delivered the piano to the old lady and told her I would carry the contract myself at $10 a month with no interest, and that would mean 52 payments. I took the new piano in the house and placed it where I thought the roof would be least likely to rain on it. I told her and the little girl to try to keep the chickens off it, and I left — sure I had just thrown away a new piano.

But the payments came in, all 52 of them as agreed — sometimes with coins taped to a 3×5 inch card in the envelope. It was incredible!

So, I put the incident out of my mind for 20 years.

注意1．续写词数应为150左右；

2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。