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高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures单元测试同步测试题
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures单元测试同步测试题，共8页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解
In 2017, bttled water surpassed carbnated sft drinks t becme the mst ppular beverage in the United States. While there are undeniably health benefits t mre Americans chsing water ver sugary sdas, the uptick(小幅上升)in bttled water sales and the marketing push fr selling pre-packaged water has als cntributed t an explsin f dispsable cntainer waste. Despite having sme f the cleanest municipal water systems in the wrld, 60% f the wrld’s bttled water cnsumptin ccurs in the United States, even thugh Americans nly cmprise 4.5% f the wrld’s ttal ppulatin.
Peple justify drinking bttled water fr many different reasns. Bttled water in restaurants has becme smewhat f a status symbl, especially in fine dining. When I waited tables, I always dreaded asking guests fr their water preference. In business settings where tablemates are unfamiliar with each ther, n ne feels cmfrtable answering fr the grup. Guests dining n an expense accunt—at least in a high-end restaurant—typically “splurge”(挥霍)n bttled water. A waiter wuldn’t dare ffend a client by rdering tap water.
This results in trash bags filled with hundreds f empty glass bttles every night. In thery, the bttles and their packaging are recyclable, but histry shws that, despite ur best intentins, many recyclable prducts end up in landfills anyway.
We can all agree, hpefully, that whenever pssible, restaurants shuld make mre respnsible chices abut hw their businesses impact the envirnment. The wrld is changing, and restaurants can’t always give peple what they want anymre. Frging(放弃)bttled water is a very small sacrifice fr thse wh prefer it—a drp in the bucket, as they say.
1、What prblem is mentined in paragraph 1?
A. Peple prefer bttled water t sft drinks.
B. Mst municipal water systems break dwn.
C. Drinking bttled water leads t mre waste.
D. The ppulatin in the United States declines.
2、What might the authr be?
A. A critic.B. A restaurant wner.
C. A waiter.D. A scial bserver.
3、What d peple d with the waste bttles?
A. They are thrwn int seas.B. They are buried in landfills.
C. They are recycled in factries.D. They are transfrmed int plastics.
4、What is the main idea f the passage?
A. Peple must be mre aware f the envirnment.
B. Bttled water has becme the mst ppular drink.
C. It’s time t take bttled water ff restaurant menus.
D. Restaurants shuld nt give peple whatever they want.
二、七选五
5、Mst peple will tell yu that withut a cup f cffee in the mrning, they cannt functin. Cffee is a gd drink when cnsumed in right amunt. ①_______
Legend says that Kaldi, an Ethipian, discvered his gats enjy eating cffee plants. Curius, he tasted the leaves and began t dance arund. A passing mnk (僧侣) witnessed the scene and tk sme back t his fellw mnks. Later that night, the mnks experienced extreme inspiratin. ②________Sn Arabia was rasting cffee beans. By 1000 A. D. , Muslims were drinking cffee t stay awake. A merchant frm Venice intrduced cffee t Eurpe in 1615. By 1696, the Dutch started grwing the cffee bush in Java. By 1723, cffee plants were intrduced t the Americas. Tday, cffee is the mst ppular drink in the wrld.
Caffeine (咖啡因) is the majr chemical in cffee. Caffeine pisning can ccur if mre than 400 milligrams f caffeine is drunk in a shrt perid, which is abut fur t five cups f cffee. ③________S it shuld be avided befre bed.
④_______ Studies have shwn that it helps cgnitive (感知) skills in elderly wmen. Wmen wh drank three cups f cffee daily scred higher n memry tests than wmen wh drank ne cup f cffee.
Large amunts f cffee can cause nervusness, wrries and heartburn. Hwever, if mixed with milk, it is fine. ⑤________The mre yu drink, the mre yu depend n it. Fr sme peple, just ne cup f cffee a day is OK.
A. Cffee als has many benefits.
B. Cffee can be addictive like any drug.
C. Caffeine will als cause sleep difficulty.
D. The caffeine in cffee can actually help fight disease.
E. Hwever, it is cnsidered harmful if taken in large amunt.
F. Drinking cffee while yu have this kind f disease will make it wrse.
G. Whether the legend is true r nt, the discvery f cffee dates back t 800 A. D.
三、完形填空（20空）
6、Every year abut 40,000 peple attempt t climb Kilimanjar, the highest muntain in Africa. They 1 with them lts f waste. The 2 might damage the beauty f the place. The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing, changing the 3 f Kilimanjar.
Hearing these stries, I'm 4 abut the place — ther destinatins are described as "purer" natural experiences.
Hwever, I sn 5 that much has changed since the days f disturbing reprts f 6 amng tns f rubbish. I find a 7 muntain, with tilets at camps and alng the paths. The envirnmental challenges are 8 but the effrts made by the Tanzania Natinal Park Authrity seem t be 9 .
The best f a Kilimanjar 10 , in my pinin, isn’t reaching the tp. Muntains are 11 as spiritual places by many cultures. This 12 is especially evident n Kilimanjar as 13 g thrugh five ecsystems (生态系统) in the space f a few kilmeters. At the base is a rainfrest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 14 lands f lw grwing plants. Further up, the weather 15 — lw cluds envelpe the muntainsides, which are cvered with thick grass. I 16 twelve shades f green frm where I stand. Abve 4, 000 meters is the highland 17 : gravel (砾石), stnes and rcks. 18 yu climb int an arctic-like zne with 19 snw and the glaciers that may sn disappear.
Des Kilimanjar 20 its reputatin as a crwded muntain with lines f turists ruining the atmsphere f peace? I fund the ppsite t be true.
1. A. keepB. mixC. cnnectD. bring
2. A. stries B. buildings C. crwds D. reprters
3. A. psitinB. ageC. face D. name
4. A. silentB. skeptical C. serius D. crazy
5. A. discverB. argueC. decide D. advcate
6. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stnes
7. A. remte B. quiet C. tall D. clean
8. A. newB. special C. significant D. necessary
9. A. paying ff B. spreading ut C. blwing up D. fading away
10. A. atmsphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight
11. A. studied B. bserved C. explred D. regarded
12. A. viewB. quality C. reasnD. purpse
13. A. scientists B. climbers C. lcalsD. fficials
14. A. hlding n t B. ging back t C. living up t D. giving way t
15. A. changes B. clearsC. imprvesD. permits
16. A. match B. imagine C. cunt D. add
17. A. village B. desert C. radD. lake
18. A. Obviusly B. Easily C. Cnsequently D. Finally
19. A. permanent B. littleC. freshD. artificial
20. A. enjy B. deserve C. saveD. acquire
四、语法填空
7、 Yungang Grttes(石窟) in Datng, Shanxi Prvince, are a wrld cultural heritage site with a histry that ges back mre than 1,500 years. In Yungang’s 45 big grttes and mre than 200 small grttes, ①________(rugh) 59,000 figures f the Buddha ②_______(be) a priceless treasure f human culture.
③________ because f the effects f climate change and natural disasters, the grttes face damage year after year. Thanks t ④________(advance) digital technlgy, researchers are busy “duplicating (复制)” the Yungang Grttes in an attempt ⑤________(preserve) the precius cultural relics. ⑥________(emply) 3D laser scanning technlgy, the researchers digitally recrd the shapes, clrs and ther fine details f the grttes and later reprduce them by using 3D printing technlgy.
⑦________ new technlgy culd enable mre peple t have access t the cultural relics ⑧________ the distance. In June, 2020, the Zhejiang University Cultural Relics Research Institute and Yungang Grttes Research Institute tgether “cpied and pasted” Cave N. 12 f the Yungang Grttes fr exhibitin in Hangzhu. There, peple culd see the wrld’s first 3D-printed l: l “cpy” f a grtt.
The Yungang ⑨________(researcher)attempt is a gd example f technlgy helping t preserve cultural heritage. It is hped ⑩________ the new digitized technlgies will facilitate the “rebirth” f the cultural relics, and bring them t mre places wrldwide.
五、书面表达
8、你校某社团正在开展以“Hw t Spread Chinese Culture in English”为主题的英语线上交流活动。请你写一则帖子，谈谈你的看法。内容包括：
1. 推荐做法；
2. 你的期待。
注意：
1. 词数100左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hw t Spread Chinese Culture in English
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1、答案：C
解析：根据第一段的第二句... the uptick in bttled water sales and the marketing push fr selling pre-packaged water has als cntributed t an explsin f dispsable cntainer waste.可知，瓶装水销量和销售预包装水的市场营销的增加也导致了一次性瓶装容器废物的激增。故选C项。
2、答案：C
解析：根据第二段的第三句When I waited tables, I always dreaded asking guests fr their water preference.可知，当作者招待客人的时候，他总是害怕询问客人对水的偏好。由此可推知，作者可能是一名服务员，故选C项。
3、答案：B
解析：根据第三段的最后一句In thery, the bttles and their packaging are recyclable, but histry shws that, despite ur best intentins, many recyclable prducts end up in landfills anyway.可知，从理论上讲，这些瓶子及其包装都是可回收的，但历史表明，尽管我们的意图是好的，许多可回收产品最终还是被扔进了垃圾填埋场。故选B 项。
4、答案：C
解析：本文第一段介绍了瓶装水销量增加带来的问题；第二段阐述了瓶装水销量增加的原因；第三段介绍瓶装水对环境造成的危害；第四段呼吁餐馆要采取行动，本着对环境负责的态度，不要售卖瓶装水。由此可知，本文的主旨是为了减少环境污染，餐馆不应该售卖瓶装水。故选C项。
5、答案：①-⑤ EGCAB
解析：①根据上文“Mst peple will tell yu that withut a cup f cffee in the mrning, they cannt functin. Cffee is a gd drink when cnsumed in right amunt.(大多数人会告诉你，早上不喝一杯咖啡，他们就无法工作。喝适量的咖啡是很好的饮料）”可知，上文提到适当喝咖啡可以，推测本句与上文构成转折，指出大量喝咖啡有害。故E选项“然而，如果大量服用它被认为是有害的”符合语境，故选E。
②根据上文“A legend says that Kaldi, an Ethipian, discvered his gats enjy eating cffee plants. Curius, he tasted the leaves and began t dance arund. A passing mnk witnessed the scene and tk sme back t his fellw mnks. Later that night, the mnks experienced extreme inspiratin.(传说埃塞俄比亚人卡迪发现他的山羊喜欢吃咖啡树。出于好奇，它尝了尝叶子，然后开始跳舞。一个路过的和尚看到了这一幕，就把一些带回去给他的和尚同伴。那天晚上晚些时候，僧侣们体验到了极端的灵感)”以及后文“Sn Arabia started rasting cffee beans. By 1000 A.D.. Muslims were drinking cffee t stay awake. A merchant frm Venice intrduced cffee t Eurpe in 1615. By 1696, the Dutch started grwing the cffee bush in Java. By 1723, cffee plants were intrduced t the Americas. Tday, cffee is the mst ppular drink in the wrld.(不久,阿拉伯人开始烘焙咖啡豆.到了公元1000年，穆斯林通过喝咖啡来保持清醒。一位威尼斯商人于1615年将咖啡引入欧洲。到1696年，荷兰人开始在爪哇种植咖啡树。到1723年，咖啡树被引入美洲。今天，咖啡是世界上最受欢迎的饮料）”可知，本句属于过渡句，开始说明咖啡发现的时间，G选项中the legend对应上文中Alegend。故G选项“不管这个传说是真的还是假的，咖啡的发现可以追溯到公元800年”符合语境，故选G。
③根据上文“Caffeine is the majr chemical in cffee. Caffeine pisning can ccur if mre than 400 milligrams f caffeine is drunk in a shrt perid, which is abut fur t five cups f cffee.(咖啡因是咖啡中的主要化学成分。如果短时间内摄入超过400毫克的咖啡因（相当于4到5杯咖啡)，就会发生咖啡因中毒）”以及后文“S it shuld be avided befre bed.(所以睡觉前应该避免）”可知，后文提到睡觉前要避免喝咖啡，可知本句是在说明原因：咖啡因也会导致睡眠困难。故C选项“咖啡因也会导致睡眠困难”符合语境，故选C。
④根据后文“Studies have shwn that it helps cgnitive skills in elderly wmen. Wmen wh drank three cups f cffee daily scred higher n memry tests than wmen wh drank ne cup f cffee.(研究表明,它有助于提高老年妇女的认知能力。在记忆力测试中，每天喝三杯咖啡的女性比每天只喝一杯咖啡的女性得分更高）”可知，本段的主要内容是咖啡对人体的好处。故A选项“咖啡也有一些好处”符合语境，故选A。
⑤根据后文“The mre yu drink, the mre yu depend n it.(你喝得越多，你就越依赖它）”可知，后文提到咖啡喝得越多越有依赖性，可见咖啡容易让人上瘾。故B选项“咖啡像毒品一样容易上瘾”符合语境，故选B。
6、答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.C; 4.B; 5.A; 6.C; 7.D; 8.C; 9.A; 10.B; 11.D; 12.A; 13.B; 14.D; 15.A; 16.C; 17.B; 18.D; 19.A; 20.B
解析：这是一篇夹叙夹议文。每年有4万登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力马扎罗山，他们带来了垃圾，破坏了这里的环境。再加上冰川的消失，改变着它的地貌。对此作者对这个地方很是怀疑，想一探究竟。当他来到这里，他发现当地环保措施很到位，同时作者发现乞力马扎罗山有多种生态系统。作者认为乞力马扎罗山不应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。
1.考查动词辨析。A. keep保持；B. mix混合；C. cnnect联系；D. bring带来。句意：他们带来了很多的垃圾。由“lts f waste”可知，登山者带来了很多的垃圾。故D选项切题。
2.考查名词辨析。A. stries故事；B. buildings建筑物；C. crwds人群；D. reprters记者。句意：人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。由“40,000”可知，这是一个庞大的群体。故C选项切题。
3.考查名词辨析。A.psitin位置；B.age年龄；C. face外貌；D. name名字。句意：冰川正在消失，改变着乞力马扎罗山的地貌。冰川是乞力马扎罗山地貌之一，所以冰山融化会改变它的地貌。故C选项切题。
4.考查形容词辨析。A. silent 沉默的；B. skepetical怀疑的；C. serius严肃的；D. crazy疯狂的。句意：听到这些故事，我对这个地方产生了怀疑——其他旅游地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。由下文可知，作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山，作者想解开这个怀疑。故be skepetical abut“对……怀疑”符合句意。故B选项切题。
5.考查动词辨析。A. discver发现；B. argue争论；C. decide决定；D. advcate提倡。句意：然而，我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。由“much has changed ”可知，作者发现了很大的变化。故A选项切题。
6.考查名词辨析。A.equipment装备 ；B. grass 草C. camps 营地；D. stne石头。句意：我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。由下文“at camps ”可知，本句属于原词再现。故C选项切题。
7.考查形容词辨析。A. remte遥远的；B. quiet安静的C. tall高的; D. clean干净的。句意：我发现了一座干净的山，营地里和路边都有厕所。由“with tlilet at camps and alng the paths”可知，营地里和路边都有厕所。所以这是一座干净的山。故D选项切题。
8.考查形容词辨析。A. new新的；B. special特殊的；C. significant相当大的；D. necessary必要的。句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。根据前文可知，很多的登山者来到乞力马扎罗山以及冰川可能会消失。这对于环境来说是一个巨大的挑战。故C选项切题。
9.考查动词短语辨析。A. paying ff还清，报偿；B.spreading ut伸展；C. blwing up爆炸；D. fading away；逐渐消退。句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。由“but”可知，前后表示转折关系，说明坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。故A选项切题。
10.考查名词辨析。A. atmsphere氛围；B. experience经历；C. experiment实验；D.sight视力。句意：在我看来，来乞力马扎罗最好的经历并不是到达顶峰。登山就是人生的一种经历。故B选项切题。
11.考查动词辨析。A. studied学习；B. bserved观察；C. explred探索；D. regarded认为。句意：山被许多文化视为精神场所。由“spiritual space ”,可知，山被许多文化视为精神场所。be regarded as“被视为”符合句意。故D选项切题。
12.考查名词辨析。A. view景色 ；B.quality质量 ；C. reasn原因；D. purpse目的 句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色差异尤为明显。有五个生态系统，所以景色也是明显的不同。故A选项切题。
13.考查名词辨析。A. scientists科学家；B. climbers 登山者；C. lcals当地人； D. fficials官员。句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色尤为明显。故A选项切题。来到乞力马扎罗都是为了登山，也只有登山者能体验到五个生态系统。故B选项切题。
14.考查动词短语辨析。A.hlding n t抓住；B. ging back t回到（原来的话题）；C. living up t履行；D. giving way t向让步。句意：热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头，让位于大片的低矮植物。这里指热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头，所以海拔3000米以上就是大片的低矮植物。 giving way t“向让步”符合句意。故D选项切题。
15.考查动词辨析。A. changes改变；B. clears放晴；C. imprves提高； D.permits允许。句意：再往上走，天气变了--低云笼罩着被厚厚的草覆盖的山腰。由“lw cluds ”可知，生态系统不同，天气也是不同的，是变化的。故A选项切题。
16.考查动词辨析。A. match匹配；B. imagine想象；C. cunt数；D.add增加。句意：我从站的地方数出了十二种绿色。由“twelve shades f green”可知，作者数出了十二种绿色。故C选项切题。
17.考查名词辨析。A. village村庄； B. desert 沙漠，荒地;C. rad马路；D.lake湖 。句意：海拔4000米以上是高山寒漠:砾石、石头和岩石。由“grave,stnes and rcks”可知，拔4000米以上是高山寒漠。故B选项切题。
18.考查副词辨析。A.Obviusly明显地;B.Easily容易地;C.Cnsequently结果；D.Finally最后地。句意：海拔4000米以上是高地沙漠:砾石、石头和岩石。生态系统最顶端也是最后一个生态系统是冰川地区。故D选项切题。
19.考查形容词辨析。A. permanent.永久的；B.little小的；C.fresh新鲜的；D.artifical人造的。句意：很明显，你爬进了一个类似北极的地带，那里有着永久性的积雪和可能很快消失的冰川。由“arctic -like zne”可知，这是一个类似北极的地带，所以有永久性的积雪。故A选项切题。
20.考查动词辨析。A. enjy享受；B.deserve值得；C. save挽救;D. acquire获得。句意：乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，挤满了成群的游客，破坏了宁静的气氛，它值得这样的名声吗？。这里作者在疑问乞力马扎罗山是不是应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。以此在对后面的回答做好铺垫。故B选项切题。
7、答案：①rughly②are③But④advanced⑤t preserve⑥Emplying⑦The⑧despite⑨researchers’⑩that
解析：①考查副词。句意:云冈的45个大石窗和200多个小石窗中,大约有5.9万尊佛像,是人类文化中无价的财富。修饰后文59,000 figures f the Buddha表示“大约”应用副词rughly.故填rughly。
②考查主谓一致。句意:云冈的45个大石室和200多个小石窟中,大约有5.9万尊佛像,是人类文化中无价的财富。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为“45 big grttes and mre than 200 small grttes”,谓语动词用复数。故填are。
③考查连词。句意:但是由于气候变化和自然灾难的影响,石窟一年年地面临着破坏。上文提到石窟的价值,结合空后“石窟一年年地面临着破坏”可知,上下文是转折关系,应用but,句首单词首字母要大写。故填But。
④考查形容词。句意:由于先进的数字技术,研究人员正忙于“复制”云冈石窟,试图保护珍贵的文物。修饰后文名词短语 digital technlgy,应用形容词advanced,作定语。故填 advanced。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意:由于先进的数字技术,研究人员正忙于“复制”云冈石皇,试图保护珍贵的文物。短语 in an attempt t d sth.表示“试图做某事”。故填 t preserve。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意:利用3D激光扫描技术,研究人员用数字技术记录了石窟的形状、颜色和其他细节,然后用3D打印技术重现它们。分析句子结构可知emply与逻辑主语researchers构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写,故填Emplying。
⑦考查冠词。句意:这项新技术可以使更多的人接触到文物,尽管距离很远。此处为特指应用定冠词,句首单词首字母要大写。故填The。
⑧考查介词。句意:这项新技术可以使更多的人接触到文物,尽管距离很远,结合句意表示“尽管”应用介词despite.故填despite。
⑨考查名词的数和所有格。句意:云冈研究人员的尝试是科技帮助保护文化遗产的一个很好的例子,根据上文these可知researcher应用复数,且与后文名词attempt构成所属关系,故应用名词所有格。故填researchers'。
⑩考查周定句型。句意:人们希望新的数字化技术能够促进文物的“重生”,并将其带到世界更多地方。结合句意表示“人们希望……”句型为it is hped that, it作形式主语,that从句为真正主语。故填that。
8、答案：Hw t Spread Chinese Culture in English
As is knwn t us all, ne imprtant purpse f learning English is t spread Chinese culture. T achieve this, we shuld pay attentin t the fllwing aspects.
First, we must take pride in ur culture genuinely, which enables us t get it knwn t mre freigners actively and cnfidently. Secnd, we shuld familiarize urselves with diverse Chinese custms and traditins. Last but nt least, ur English speaking and writing skills have t be imprved. Only in this way can we spread Chinese culture effectively and efficiently.
I hpe we all realize the imprtance f this task and wrk hard t intrduce ur mtherland t the wrld by spreading ur culture.
解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校某社团正在开展以“Hw t Spread Chinese Culture in English”为主题的英语线上交流活动。请你写一则帖子，谈谈你的看法。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
目标：purpse→gal
自豪：take pride in→be prud f
重要性：imprtance→significance
不同的：diverse→different
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：T achieve this, we shuld pay attentin t the fllwing aspects.
拓展句：We shuld pay attentin t the fllwing aspects s that we can achieve this.
[高分句型1] T achieve this, we shuld pay attentin t the fllwing aspects.(运用了不定式作目的状语）
[高分句型2] First, we must take pride in ur culture genuinely, which enables us t get it knwn t mre freigners actively and cnfidently.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
一、阅读理解
In 2017, bttled water surpassed carbnated sft drinks t becme the mst ppular beverage in the United States. While there are undeniably health benefits t mre Americans chsing water ver sugary sdas, the uptick(小幅上升)in bttled water sales and the marketing push fr selling pre-packaged water has als cntributed t an explsin f dispsable cntainer waste. Despite having sme f the cleanest municipal water systems in the wrld, 60% f the wrld’s bttled water cnsumptin ccurs in the United States, even thugh Americans nly cmprise 4.5% f the wrld’s ttal ppulatin.
Peple justify drinking bttled water fr many different reasns. Bttled water in restaurants has becme smewhat f a status symbl, especially in fine dining. When I waited tables, I always dreaded asking guests fr their water preference. In business settings where tablemates are unfamiliar with each ther, n ne feels cmfrtable answering fr the grup. Guests dining n an expense accunt—at least in a high-end restaurant—typically “splurge”(挥霍)n bttled water. A waiter wuldn’t dare ffend a client by rdering tap water.
This results in trash bags filled with hundreds f empty glass bttles every night. In thery, the bttles and their packaging are recyclable, but histry shws that, despite ur best intentins, many recyclable prducts end up in landfills anyway.
We can all agree, hpefully, that whenever pssible, restaurants shuld make mre respnsible chices abut hw their businesses impact the envirnment. The wrld is changing, and restaurants can’t always give peple what they want anymre. Frging(放弃)bttled water is a very small sacrifice fr thse wh prefer it—a drp in the bucket, as they say.
1、What prblem is mentined in paragraph 1?
A. Peple prefer bttled water t sft drinks.
B. Mst municipal water systems break dwn.
C. Drinking bttled water leads t mre waste.
D. The ppulatin in the United States declines.
2、What might the authr be?
A. A critic.B. A restaurant wner.
C. A waiter.D. A scial bserver.
3、What d peple d with the waste bttles?
A. They are thrwn int seas.B. They are buried in landfills.
C. They are recycled in factries.D. They are transfrmed int plastics.
4、What is the main idea f the passage?
A. Peple must be mre aware f the envirnment.
B. Bttled water has becme the mst ppular drink.
C. It’s time t take bttled water ff restaurant menus.
D. Restaurants shuld nt give peple whatever they want.
二、七选五
5、Mst peple will tell yu that withut a cup f cffee in the mrning, they cannt functin. Cffee is a gd drink when cnsumed in right amunt. ①_______
Legend says that Kaldi, an Ethipian, discvered his gats enjy eating cffee plants. Curius, he tasted the leaves and began t dance arund. A passing mnk (僧侣) witnessed the scene and tk sme back t his fellw mnks. Later that night, the mnks experienced extreme inspiratin. ②________Sn Arabia was rasting cffee beans. By 1000 A. D. , Muslims were drinking cffee t stay awake. A merchant frm Venice intrduced cffee t Eurpe in 1615. By 1696, the Dutch started grwing the cffee bush in Java. By 1723, cffee plants were intrduced t the Americas. Tday, cffee is the mst ppular drink in the wrld.
Caffeine (咖啡因) is the majr chemical in cffee. Caffeine pisning can ccur if mre than 400 milligrams f caffeine is drunk in a shrt perid, which is abut fur t five cups f cffee. ③________S it shuld be avided befre bed.
④_______ Studies have shwn that it helps cgnitive (感知) skills in elderly wmen. Wmen wh drank three cups f cffee daily scred higher n memry tests than wmen wh drank ne cup f cffee.
Large amunts f cffee can cause nervusness, wrries and heartburn. Hwever, if mixed with milk, it is fine. ⑤________The mre yu drink, the mre yu depend n it. Fr sme peple, just ne cup f cffee a day is OK.
A. Cffee als has many benefits.
B. Cffee can be addictive like any drug.
C. Caffeine will als cause sleep difficulty.
D. The caffeine in cffee can actually help fight disease.
E. Hwever, it is cnsidered harmful if taken in large amunt.
F. Drinking cffee while yu have this kind f disease will make it wrse.
G. Whether the legend is true r nt, the discvery f cffee dates back t 800 A. D.
三、完形填空（20空）
6、Every year abut 40,000 peple attempt t climb Kilimanjar, the highest muntain in Africa. They 1 with them lts f waste. The 2 might damage the beauty f the place. The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing, changing the 3 f Kilimanjar.
Hearing these stries, I'm 4 abut the place — ther destinatins are described as "purer" natural experiences.
Hwever, I sn 5 that much has changed since the days f disturbing reprts f 6 amng tns f rubbish. I find a 7 muntain, with tilets at camps and alng the paths. The envirnmental challenges are 8 but the effrts made by the Tanzania Natinal Park Authrity seem t be 9 .
The best f a Kilimanjar 10 , in my pinin, isn’t reaching the tp. Muntains are 11 as spiritual places by many cultures. This 12 is especially evident n Kilimanjar as 13 g thrugh five ecsystems (生态系统) in the space f a few kilmeters. At the base is a rainfrest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 14 lands f lw grwing plants. Further up, the weather 15 — lw cluds envelpe the muntainsides, which are cvered with thick grass. I 16 twelve shades f green frm where I stand. Abve 4, 000 meters is the highland 17 : gravel (砾石), stnes and rcks. 18 yu climb int an arctic-like zne with 19 snw and the glaciers that may sn disappear.
Des Kilimanjar 20 its reputatin as a crwded muntain with lines f turists ruining the atmsphere f peace? I fund the ppsite t be true.
1. A. keepB. mixC. cnnectD. bring
2. A. stries B. buildings C. crwds D. reprters
3. A. psitinB. ageC. face D. name
4. A. silentB. skeptical C. serius D. crazy
5. A. discverB. argueC. decide D. advcate
6. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stnes
7. A. remte B. quiet C. tall D. clean
8. A. newB. special C. significant D. necessary
9. A. paying ff B. spreading ut C. blwing up D. fading away
10. A. atmsphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight
11. A. studied B. bserved C. explred D. regarded
12. A. viewB. quality C. reasnD. purpse
13. A. scientists B. climbers C. lcalsD. fficials
14. A. hlding n t B. ging back t C. living up t D. giving way t
15. A. changes B. clearsC. imprvesD. permits
16. A. match B. imagine C. cunt D. add
17. A. village B. desert C. radD. lake
18. A. Obviusly B. Easily C. Cnsequently D. Finally
19. A. permanent B. littleC. freshD. artificial
20. A. enjy B. deserve C. saveD. acquire
四、语法填空
7、 Yungang Grttes(石窟) in Datng, Shanxi Prvince, are a wrld cultural heritage site with a histry that ges back mre than 1,500 years. In Yungang’s 45 big grttes and mre than 200 small grttes, ①________(rugh) 59,000 figures f the Buddha ②_______(be) a priceless treasure f human culture.
③________ because f the effects f climate change and natural disasters, the grttes face damage year after year. Thanks t ④________(advance) digital technlgy, researchers are busy “duplicating (复制)” the Yungang Grttes in an attempt ⑤________(preserve) the precius cultural relics. ⑥________(emply) 3D laser scanning technlgy, the researchers digitally recrd the shapes, clrs and ther fine details f the grttes and later reprduce them by using 3D printing technlgy.
⑦________ new technlgy culd enable mre peple t have access t the cultural relics ⑧________ the distance. In June, 2020, the Zhejiang University Cultural Relics Research Institute and Yungang Grttes Research Institute tgether “cpied and pasted” Cave N. 12 f the Yungang Grttes fr exhibitin in Hangzhu. There, peple culd see the wrld’s first 3D-printed l: l “cpy” f a grtt.
The Yungang ⑨________(researcher)attempt is a gd example f technlgy helping t preserve cultural heritage. It is hped ⑩________ the new digitized technlgies will facilitate the “rebirth” f the cultural relics, and bring them t mre places wrldwide.
五、书面表达
8、你校某社团正在开展以“Hw t Spread Chinese Culture in English”为主题的英语线上交流活动。请你写一则帖子，谈谈你的看法。内容包括：
1. 推荐做法；
2. 你的期待。
注意：
1. 词数100左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hw t Spread Chinese Culture in English
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1、答案：C
解析：根据第一段的第二句... the uptick in bttled water sales and the marketing push fr selling pre-packaged water has als cntributed t an explsin f dispsable cntainer waste.可知，瓶装水销量和销售预包装水的市场营销的增加也导致了一次性瓶装容器废物的激增。故选C项。
2、答案：C
解析：根据第二段的第三句When I waited tables, I always dreaded asking guests fr their water preference.可知，当作者招待客人的时候，他总是害怕询问客人对水的偏好。由此可推知，作者可能是一名服务员，故选C项。
3、答案：B
解析：根据第三段的最后一句In thery, the bttles and their packaging are recyclable, but histry shws that, despite ur best intentins, many recyclable prducts end up in landfills anyway.可知，从理论上讲，这些瓶子及其包装都是可回收的，但历史表明，尽管我们的意图是好的，许多可回收产品最终还是被扔进了垃圾填埋场。故选B 项。
4、答案：C
解析：本文第一段介绍了瓶装水销量增加带来的问题；第二段阐述了瓶装水销量增加的原因；第三段介绍瓶装水对环境造成的危害；第四段呼吁餐馆要采取行动，本着对环境负责的态度，不要售卖瓶装水。由此可知，本文的主旨是为了减少环境污染，餐馆不应该售卖瓶装水。故选C项。
5、答案：①-⑤ EGCAB
解析：①根据上文“Mst peple will tell yu that withut a cup f cffee in the mrning, they cannt functin. Cffee is a gd drink when cnsumed in right amunt.(大多数人会告诉你，早上不喝一杯咖啡，他们就无法工作。喝适量的咖啡是很好的饮料）”可知，上文提到适当喝咖啡可以，推测本句与上文构成转折，指出大量喝咖啡有害。故E选项“然而，如果大量服用它被认为是有害的”符合语境，故选E。
②根据上文“A legend says that Kaldi, an Ethipian, discvered his gats enjy eating cffee plants. Curius, he tasted the leaves and began t dance arund. A passing mnk witnessed the scene and tk sme back t his fellw mnks. Later that night, the mnks experienced extreme inspiratin.(传说埃塞俄比亚人卡迪发现他的山羊喜欢吃咖啡树。出于好奇，它尝了尝叶子，然后开始跳舞。一个路过的和尚看到了这一幕，就把一些带回去给他的和尚同伴。那天晚上晚些时候，僧侣们体验到了极端的灵感)”以及后文“Sn Arabia started rasting cffee beans. By 1000 A.D.. Muslims were drinking cffee t stay awake. A merchant frm Venice intrduced cffee t Eurpe in 1615. By 1696, the Dutch started grwing the cffee bush in Java. By 1723, cffee plants were intrduced t the Americas. Tday, cffee is the mst ppular drink in the wrld.(不久,阿拉伯人开始烘焙咖啡豆.到了公元1000年，穆斯林通过喝咖啡来保持清醒。一位威尼斯商人于1615年将咖啡引入欧洲。到1696年，荷兰人开始在爪哇种植咖啡树。到1723年，咖啡树被引入美洲。今天，咖啡是世界上最受欢迎的饮料）”可知，本句属于过渡句，开始说明咖啡发现的时间，G选项中the legend对应上文中Alegend。故G选项“不管这个传说是真的还是假的，咖啡的发现可以追溯到公元800年”符合语境，故选G。
③根据上文“Caffeine is the majr chemical in cffee. Caffeine pisning can ccur if mre than 400 milligrams f caffeine is drunk in a shrt perid, which is abut fur t five cups f cffee.(咖啡因是咖啡中的主要化学成分。如果短时间内摄入超过400毫克的咖啡因（相当于4到5杯咖啡)，就会发生咖啡因中毒）”以及后文“S it shuld be avided befre bed.(所以睡觉前应该避免）”可知，后文提到睡觉前要避免喝咖啡，可知本句是在说明原因：咖啡因也会导致睡眠困难。故C选项“咖啡因也会导致睡眠困难”符合语境，故选C。
④根据后文“Studies have shwn that it helps cgnitive skills in elderly wmen. Wmen wh drank three cups f cffee daily scred higher n memry tests than wmen wh drank ne cup f cffee.(研究表明,它有助于提高老年妇女的认知能力。在记忆力测试中，每天喝三杯咖啡的女性比每天只喝一杯咖啡的女性得分更高）”可知，本段的主要内容是咖啡对人体的好处。故A选项“咖啡也有一些好处”符合语境，故选A。
⑤根据后文“The mre yu drink, the mre yu depend n it.(你喝得越多，你就越依赖它）”可知，后文提到咖啡喝得越多越有依赖性，可见咖啡容易让人上瘾。故B选项“咖啡像毒品一样容易上瘾”符合语境，故选B。
6、答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.C; 4.B; 5.A; 6.C; 7.D; 8.C; 9.A; 10.B; 11.D; 12.A; 13.B; 14.D; 15.A; 16.C; 17.B; 18.D; 19.A; 20.B
解析：这是一篇夹叙夹议文。每年有4万登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力马扎罗山，他们带来了垃圾，破坏了这里的环境。再加上冰川的消失，改变着它的地貌。对此作者对这个地方很是怀疑，想一探究竟。当他来到这里，他发现当地环保措施很到位，同时作者发现乞力马扎罗山有多种生态系统。作者认为乞力马扎罗山不应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。
1.考查动词辨析。A. keep保持；B. mix混合；C. cnnect联系；D. bring带来。句意：他们带来了很多的垃圾。由“lts f waste”可知，登山者带来了很多的垃圾。故D选项切题。
2.考查名词辨析。A. stries故事；B. buildings建筑物；C. crwds人群；D. reprters记者。句意：人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。由“40,000”可知，这是一个庞大的群体。故C选项切题。
3.考查名词辨析。A.psitin位置；B.age年龄；C. face外貌；D. name名字。句意：冰川正在消失，改变着乞力马扎罗山的地貌。冰川是乞力马扎罗山地貌之一，所以冰山融化会改变它的地貌。故C选项切题。
4.考查形容词辨析。A. silent 沉默的；B. skepetical怀疑的；C. serius严肃的；D. crazy疯狂的。句意：听到这些故事，我对这个地方产生了怀疑——其他旅游地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。由下文可知，作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山，作者想解开这个怀疑。故be skepetical abut“对……怀疑”符合句意。故B选项切题。
5.考查动词辨析。A. discver发现；B. argue争论；C. decide决定；D. advcate提倡。句意：然而，我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。由“much has changed ”可知，作者发现了很大的变化。故A选项切题。
6.考查名词辨析。A.equipment装备 ；B. grass 草C. camps 营地；D. stne石头。句意：我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。由下文“at camps ”可知，本句属于原词再现。故C选项切题。
7.考查形容词辨析。A. remte遥远的；B. quiet安静的C. tall高的; D. clean干净的。句意：我发现了一座干净的山，营地里和路边都有厕所。由“with tlilet at camps and alng the paths”可知，营地里和路边都有厕所。所以这是一座干净的山。故D选项切题。
8.考查形容词辨析。A. new新的；B. special特殊的；C. significant相当大的；D. necessary必要的。句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。根据前文可知，很多的登山者来到乞力马扎罗山以及冰川可能会消失。这对于环境来说是一个巨大的挑战。故C选项切题。
9.考查动词短语辨析。A. paying ff还清，报偿；B.spreading ut伸展；C. blwing up爆炸；D. fading away；逐渐消退。句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。由“but”可知，前后表示转折关系，说明坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。故A选项切题。
10.考查名词辨析。A. atmsphere氛围；B. experience经历；C. experiment实验；D.sight视力。句意：在我看来，来乞力马扎罗最好的经历并不是到达顶峰。登山就是人生的一种经历。故B选项切题。
11.考查动词辨析。A. studied学习；B. bserved观察；C. explred探索；D. regarded认为。句意：山被许多文化视为精神场所。由“spiritual space ”,可知，山被许多文化视为精神场所。be regarded as“被视为”符合句意。故D选项切题。
12.考查名词辨析。A. view景色 ；B.quality质量 ；C. reasn原因；D. purpse目的 句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色差异尤为明显。有五个生态系统，所以景色也是明显的不同。故A选项切题。
13.考查名词辨析。A. scientists科学家；B. climbers 登山者；C. lcals当地人； D. fficials官员。句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色尤为明显。故A选项切题。来到乞力马扎罗都是为了登山，也只有登山者能体验到五个生态系统。故B选项切题。
14.考查动词短语辨析。A.hlding n t抓住；B. ging back t回到（原来的话题）；C. living up t履行；D. giving way t向让步。句意：热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头，让位于大片的低矮植物。这里指热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头，所以海拔3000米以上就是大片的低矮植物。 giving way t“向让步”符合句意。故D选项切题。
15.考查动词辨析。A. changes改变；B. clears放晴；C. imprves提高； D.permits允许。句意：再往上走，天气变了--低云笼罩着被厚厚的草覆盖的山腰。由“lw cluds ”可知，生态系统不同，天气也是不同的，是变化的。故A选项切题。
16.考查动词辨析。A. match匹配；B. imagine想象；C. cunt数；D.add增加。句意：我从站的地方数出了十二种绿色。由“twelve shades f green”可知，作者数出了十二种绿色。故C选项切题。
17.考查名词辨析。A. village村庄； B. desert 沙漠，荒地;C. rad马路；D.lake湖 。句意：海拔4000米以上是高山寒漠:砾石、石头和岩石。由“grave,stnes and rcks”可知，拔4000米以上是高山寒漠。故B选项切题。
18.考查副词辨析。A.Obviusly明显地;B.Easily容易地;C.Cnsequently结果；D.Finally最后地。句意：海拔4000米以上是高地沙漠:砾石、石头和岩石。生态系统最顶端也是最后一个生态系统是冰川地区。故D选项切题。
19.考查形容词辨析。A. permanent.永久的；B.little小的；C.fresh新鲜的；D.artifical人造的。句意：很明显，你爬进了一个类似北极的地带，那里有着永久性的积雪和可能很快消失的冰川。由“arctic -like zne”可知，这是一个类似北极的地带，所以有永久性的积雪。故A选项切题。
20.考查动词辨析。A. enjy享受；B.deserve值得；C. save挽救;D. acquire获得。句意：乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，挤满了成群的游客，破坏了宁静的气氛，它值得这样的名声吗？。这里作者在疑问乞力马扎罗山是不是应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。以此在对后面的回答做好铺垫。故B选项切题。
7、答案：①rughly②are③But④advanced⑤t preserve⑥Emplying⑦The⑧despite⑨researchers’⑩that
解析：①考查副词。句意:云冈的45个大石窗和200多个小石窗中,大约有5.9万尊佛像,是人类文化中无价的财富。修饰后文59,000 figures f the Buddha表示“大约”应用副词rughly.故填rughly。
②考查主谓一致。句意:云冈的45个大石室和200多个小石窟中,大约有5.9万尊佛像,是人类文化中无价的财富。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为“45 big grttes and mre than 200 small grttes”,谓语动词用复数。故填are。
③考查连词。句意:但是由于气候变化和自然灾难的影响,石窟一年年地面临着破坏。上文提到石窟的价值,结合空后“石窟一年年地面临着破坏”可知,上下文是转折关系,应用but,句首单词首字母要大写。故填But。
④考查形容词。句意:由于先进的数字技术,研究人员正忙于“复制”云冈石窟,试图保护珍贵的文物。修饰后文名词短语 digital technlgy,应用形容词advanced,作定语。故填 advanced。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意:由于先进的数字技术,研究人员正忙于“复制”云冈石皇,试图保护珍贵的文物。短语 in an attempt t d sth.表示“试图做某事”。故填 t preserve。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意:利用3D激光扫描技术,研究人员用数字技术记录了石窟的形状、颜色和其他细节,然后用3D打印技术重现它们。分析句子结构可知emply与逻辑主语researchers构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写,故填Emplying。
⑦考查冠词。句意:这项新技术可以使更多的人接触到文物,尽管距离很远。此处为特指应用定冠词,句首单词首字母要大写。故填The。
⑧考查介词。句意:这项新技术可以使更多的人接触到文物,尽管距离很远,结合句意表示“尽管”应用介词despite.故填despite。
⑨考查名词的数和所有格。句意:云冈研究人员的尝试是科技帮助保护文化遗产的一个很好的例子,根据上文these可知researcher应用复数,且与后文名词attempt构成所属关系,故应用名词所有格。故填researchers'。
⑩考查周定句型。句意:人们希望新的数字化技术能够促进文物的“重生”,并将其带到世界更多地方。结合句意表示“人们希望……”句型为it is hped that, it作形式主语,that从句为真正主语。故填that。
8、答案：Hw t Spread Chinese Culture in English
As is knwn t us all, ne imprtant purpse f learning English is t spread Chinese culture. T achieve this, we shuld pay attentin t the fllwing aspects.
First, we must take pride in ur culture genuinely, which enables us t get it knwn t mre freigners actively and cnfidently. Secnd, we shuld familiarize urselves with diverse Chinese custms and traditins. Last but nt least, ur English speaking and writing skills have t be imprved. Only in this way can we spread Chinese culture effectively and efficiently.
I hpe we all realize the imprtance f this task and wrk hard t intrduce ur mtherland t the wrld by spreading ur culture.
解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校某社团正在开展以“Hw t Spread Chinese Culture in English”为主题的英语线上交流活动。请你写一则帖子，谈谈你的看法。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
目标：purpse→gal
自豪：take pride in→be prud f
重要性：imprtance→significance
不同的：diverse→different
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：T achieve this, we shuld pay attentin t the fllwing aspects.
拓展句：We shuld pay attentin t the fllwing aspects s that we can achieve this.
[高分句型1] T achieve this, we shuld pay attentin t the fllwing aspects.(运用了不定式作目的状语）
[高分句型2] First, we must take pride in ur culture genuinely, which enables us t get it knwn t mre freigners actively and cnfidently.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
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