人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures单元测试当堂达标检测题

必修三 Unit 3 Diverse cultures 单元测试卷

（考试时间：100分钟   分值：100分）

班级：_________   姓名：__________   得分：__________

一、单词拼写（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）

1. I admire at your good _______ (运气).

2. Critics ______ (声称) the trucks are unsafe.

3. It is wise to _______ (寻求) help as soon as possible.

4. The prisoner attempted to _______ (逃跑) but failed.

5. The small island is near the _______ (大西洋的) ocean.

6. Greek yogurt _______ (包含) much less fat than double cream.

7. This kind of _______ (蘑菇) has a strange taste, bu I like it very much.

8. This suit is made of very good _______ (材料，布料).

9. _______ (气候) and weather affect every aspect of our lives.

10. I started keeping a _______ (日记) when I was 6.

二、单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）

1. We value the rich ethnic and cultural _______ (diverse).

2. The food is hot and __________ (spice).

3. Each school sets its own __________ (admit) policy.

4. He is writing a __________ (history) novel about nineteenth-century France.

5. A lot of _________ (poison) waste water comes from that chemical factory.

6. The date of the meeting has not been __________ (definite) decided yet.

7. There’s always a wide _________ (select) of delicious meals to choose from.

8. Do you think the world’s 2008 _______ (finance) crisis is reappearing?

9. The road __________ (construct) work is in progress.

10. We hope for a lasting __________ (settle) of all these troubles.

三、完成句子（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）

1. 大卫过去靠给报纸写文章谋生。

David used to _______________ by writing articles for newspapers.

2. 空气污染会引起全球气候的变化。

Air pollution will _______________ changes in the weather around the world.

3. 除了英语，他还必须在大学学习第二外语。

_______________ English, he had to study a second foreign language while in college.

4. 如果你不参加明天的开幕式，我也不去了。

If you don’t attend the opening ceremony tomorrow, _______________.

5. 我突然想起来我忘记了她的生日。

_______________ I had forgotten her birthday.

四、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Looking for a winter vacation destination? Try these four resorts (度假胜地).

Solitude Mountain Resort, Utah

Solitude Mountain is a place to go if you love skiing in winter but hate waiting on lift lines. Loving a bargain doesn’t hurt either since the accommodations here are less expensive than nearby places.

Key West, Florida

The crowds thin out and the prices fall in Key West in winter. Key West, the southernmost point in the United States, has a remote, romantic feel. It has inspired many poets and has drawn such literary greats as Ernest Hemingway and Tennessee Williams.

Taos, New Mexico

Taos, New Mexico, is a popular winter ski spot. But if you’re not a skier, you’ll want to head there anytime between November and April since there are fewer people there then. You’ll still be able to experience all the culture and sights, including the thousand-year-old Taos Pueblo, the only living Native American community that is regarded as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.

Big Sky, Montana

Big Sky, Montana, has more than 5,800 acres of skiing area spreading across several mountains, with a vertical (垂直的) drop of 4,350 feet, as well as 85 km of award-winning Nordic ski trails. So it’s a good choice to head for Big Sky for the fantastic skiing in winter when it is called “the least crowded resort ever”.

1. What’s the advantage of Solitude Mountain Resort?

A. Being close to modern cities. B. Having warmer climate in winter.

C. Having cheaper accommodations. D. Providing store bargains for visitors.

2. What is Taos Pueblo?

A. It is a hotel in Mexico. B. It is the name of a skier.

C. It is a popular ski spot. D. It is an ancient community.

3. What do the four places have in common in winter?

A. Uncrowded. B. Risky. C. Cheap. D. Unpolluted.

B

I didn’t quite know what I was looking for when I flew to Mongolia for a semester abroad. I just needed something different, far from the late-night libraries of my college town. Most different, I hoped, would be my rural homestay: two weeks in central Mongolia with a family of nomadic (游牧的) herders.

I was studying Mongolian at the time, but still, there was so much I couldn’t say or understand. As we walked in the snow behind the goats, my host mom would ask me if I was cold, then giggle and copy a big shiver to make sure I understood. In the evenings, she showed me how to make dumplings with her fingers. My host siblings would talk with me, speaking too fast for me to understand; as we explored the rocks around our tent, I’d listen and nod.

This verbal obstacle was strangely freeing. In the crowded dining hall at home, meeting new people made me anxious. I’d stay quiet, measuring out my words, struggling for something to say that wouldn’t expose me as unfunny or boring. In Mongolia, I couldn’t perfect my words. I could only smile, and try out one of the phrases I’d mastered: “May I help?” “Where is the dog?” “Are you tired?” My host family laughed at my pronunciation, at the way I threw up my hands and eyebrows in a frequent gesture of confusion. But in their laughter, I felt safe, unembarrassed.

With my Mongolian family on the grassland, I found a feeling of ease I’d never felt before. We were so different, they and I, and not just in language. Their skin was hardened and darkened by sun; I’d been hidden under hats and sunscreen since birth. My host siblings grew up drawing water from frozen streams and jogging behind herds of sheep; I spent summers at tennis camp.

For me, these gaps made all the difference. Without shared social measures, I wasted no time wondering how I was measuring up. Only real things — kindness, helpfulness — mattered.

4. Why did the author go to Mongolia for a term abroad?

A. She dreamed of living a nomadic life.

B. She was tired of studying late at night.

C. She had to study Mongolians’ normal life.

D. She was collecting information for libraries.

5. What does the underlined word “shiver” in paragraph 2 mean?

A. Hug.  B. Smile.  C. Attack.  D. Tremble.

6. How did the author behave at the dining hall in her home country?

A. She felt at ease in the crowd.

B. She usually weighed her words.

C. She asked a lot of funny questions.

D. She often made others laugh with jokes.

7. What did the author learn from her life in Mongolia?

A. You are judged wherever you go.

B. Nature makes humans feel insignificant.

C. Appearance reflects one’s standard of life.

D. Being kind is the common social standard.

C

I recently returned to my home city Liverpool, a unique city, and my first stop was at a museum on the River Mersey. Blanketed in mist, Victorian architecture rose from the banks of the river, responded to the sounds of seabirds, and appeared unbelievably charming. When I headed toward the centre, I found myself surrounded by buildings that mirror the best palaces of Europe. It is not hard to imagine why, on first seeing the city, most visitors would be overpowered by the beauty of the noble buildings, which are solid signs of Liverpool’s history.

As if to stress its cultural role, Liverpool has more museums and galleries (美术馆) than most cities in Britain. At Walker Art Gallery, I was told that it has the best collections of Victorian paintings in the world, and is the home of modern art in the north of England. However, culture is more than galleries. Liverpool offers many music events. As Britain’s famous music city, it has the biggest city music festival in Europe, and its musicians are famous all over the world. Liverpool is also well-known for its football and other sports events. Every year, the Mersey River Festival attracts thousands of visitors, making the city a place of wonder.

As you would expect from such a city, there are restaurants serving food from around the world. When my trip was about to complete, I chose to rest my legs in Liverpool’s famous Philharmonic pub. It is a monument to perfection, and a heritage attraction itself.

My home city is a treasure house with plenty of secrets for the world to explore.

8. What would visitors be deeply impressed by when seeing Liverpool for the first time?

A. Its charming banks.

B. Its famous museums.

C. Its wonderful palaces.

D. Its attractive buildings.

9. How does the second paragraph mainly develop?

A. By analyzing causes.

B. By making comparisons.

C. By providing different examples.

D. By following the order of space.

10. Why does the author mention the Philharmonic pub?

A. To prove Liverpool is a well-known city for its restaurants.

B. To show Liverpool is an impressive place full of attractions.

C. To explain a pub is a wonderful place for visitors to relax themselves.

D. To show a pub is a perfect choice for visitors to complete their journey.

11. What is the passage mainly about?

A. The rich history of Liverpool.

B. The exciting experience in Liverpool.

C. The beautiful historic sites of Liverpool.

D. The special culture atmosphere of Liverpool.

D

The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.

Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.

Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients my be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

12. What does the author say about silence in conversations?

A. It implies anger.

B. It promotes friendship.

C. It is culture-specific.

D. It is content-based.

13. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?

A. The Chinese.

B. The French.

C. The Mexicans.

D. The Russians.

14. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?

A. Let it continue as the patient pleases.

B. Break it while treating patients.

C. Evaluate its harm to patients.

D. Make use of its healing effects.

15. What may be the best title for the text?

A. Sound and Silence

B. What It Means to Be Silent

C. Silence to Native Americans

D. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold

五、七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

“Melting pot” means a place where people from many different ethnic groups or cultures form a united society.   1   When they melt, the metals unite and become something new and stronger. The term has been used to describe the United States as a nation created by people who came here from many different countries.

A Frenchman who was living in America expressed the idea more than 200 years ago.

J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur published a book called Letters from an American Farmer in 1782.   2   He said that they would become a new people whose work would one day change the world.

  3   They welcomed immigrants from many nations. Those foreign people settled down, learned the new language and built their life on this new land. Yet some of those immigrants criticized the “melting pot” idea. They felt they were forced to lose their own culture and language in order to be accepted in America.

People learn from each other and cultures also evolve and change with the development of the society.   4   They keep to their own customs, religion and languages. Reporters say the melting pot is no longer changing the nation’s immigrants, but the immigrants are changing America.

Some experts who study immigration say they now compare American society not to a melting pot, but to a salad bowl.   5   They each keep their own taste without influencing other ingredients while being part of a successful product. In this way, cultural groups keep their customs and languages and are still part of American society.

A. A salad is made up of many different foods.

B. The idea comes from heating metals in a container.

C. A melting pot is very different from a bowl of salad.

D. Some are resisting learning American culture and language.

E. He wrote that America had people from many different countries.

F. New groups of immigrants from Asia and Latin America are changing the Untied States

today.

G. For many years, Americans generally accepted the idea of describing their country as a

melting pot.

六、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

If you’ve never been to Moscow, you should go and see this fantastic city. There, you can

  1   Russian culture first-hand, especially if you are a(n)   2   lover. There are many exciting parts in the city, which   3   the famous Red Square that has a magical effect on all visitors to Moscow. From Red Square, you can see the most important   4   in the capital: the Kremlin, the State Historical Museum and of course, the Saint Basil’s Cathedral with domes (穹顶) that look like a beautiful stone flower   5   by the architects of the 16th century.

Not many people realize that Red Square’s   6   has nothing to do with Communism (共产主义) or the Soviet Russia. The Old Russian word for “beautiful” and “red” was the   7  ; Red Square means “Beautiful Square”. All major streets in Moscow radiate (向周围伸展) from here, and Red Square is the   8   square of Moscow   9   the symbolic center of all Russia. Its history   10   the 1490s when a new red-brick Kremlin was built. Businessmen from all over the world came to   11   here and the square became a big market. On days of great festivals, there were many celebrations here, turning the   12   into an open-air gathering place.

Moscow’s tourists travel to Red Square to   13   its beautiful architecture and history. Besides the square, there are so many places of   14   in this beautiful city. If you are visiting Europe, don’t forget to see Red Square with your own   15  .

1. A. remember B. create C. record D. experience

2. A. nature B. festival C. history D. art

3. A. mean B. find C. include D. require

4. A. buildings B. streets C. bricks D. celebrations

5. A. watered B. covered C. hidden D. planted

6. A. shape B. size C. name D. future

7. A. unknown B. right C. same D. opposite

8. A. public B. main C. central D. only

9. A. as well as B. as soon as C. as long as D. as far as

10. A. faces up to B. dates back to C. gives way to D. looks forward to

11. A. visit B. trade C. live D. study

12. A. museum B. square C. market D. state

13. A. accept B. check C. appreciate D. miss

14. A. creativity B. business C. power D. interest

15. A. cars B. friends C. minds D. eyes

七、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

Why was the ox chosen to be one of the 12 Chinese zodiac signs (生肖)?

Centuries ago, most people   1   (earn) their living by farming. The ox was used to help plow, cultivate crops and carry heavy goods.

The ox has long had a significant place in Chinese culture. Ancient Chinese poets and   2 

(writer) frequently described the ox in literature. In the Classic of Poetry, the   3   (old) existing collection of Chinese poetry, the animal is mentioned several times. The ox

  4   (consider) a symbol of diligence and earnestness in Chinese culture. To this day, the phrase “the spirit of ox” still refers   5   conquering anything that may present itself as an obstacle. The spirit is   6   (high) praised and many people follow it as their work ethic. When someone achieves a great accomplishment through hard work, people often use “niu”, meaning “awesome”,

  7   (describe) him or her.

Oxen seldom bully the weak or fear the strong. They work hard and make sacrifices. This is reflected in the poem Self-Mockery,   8   praises the ox’s attitude of   9   (serve) without complaining.

So naturally, those who were born in the Year of the Ox are often expected to be hardworking, reliable   10   loyal.

八、写作（满分15分）

假定你是红星中学学生李华。你校交换生Jim打算寒假出京旅游，发来邮件请你推荐一座中国历史文化名城。请给他回复邮件，内容包括：

1. 你的推荐；

2. 推荐理由；

3. 食宿建议。

注意：

1. 词数80左右；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

_______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案

一、1. fortune 2. claim 3. seek 4. escape 5. Atlantic

6. contains 7. mushroom 8. material 9. Climate 10. journal

二、1. diversity 2. spicy 3. admission 4. historical 5. poisonous

6. definitely 7. selection 8. financial 9. construction 10. settlement

三、1. earn a living

2. bring about

3. Apart from

4. neither/nor will I

5. It occurred to me that

四、

A篇

本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了冬季可去的四个度假胜地。

1. C  细节理解题。根据Solitude Mountain Resort, Utah部分中的“Loving a bargain doesn’t hurt either since the accommodations here are less expensive than nearby places.”可知，Solitude Mountain Resort提供更便宜的住宿。故选C。

2. D  细节理解题。根据Taos, New Mexico部分中的“the thousand-year-old Taos Pueblo, the only living Native American community”可知，Taos Pueblo是一个古老的社区。故选D。

3. A  细节理解题。根据Solitude Mountain Resort, Utah部分中的“Solitude Mountain is ... but hate waiting on lift lines.”，Key West, Florida部分中的“The crowds thin out”，Taos, New Mexico部分中的“since there are fewer people there then”和Big Sky, Montana部分中的“the least crowded resort ever”可知，冬季这四个地方的共同点是都不拥挤。故选A。

B篇

本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者来到蒙古生活了一个学期，在这里她了解游牧民族的日常生活，感受到了牧民们的善良与热情。

4. B  细节理解题。根据第一段的“I just needed something different, far from the late-night libraries of my college town.”可知，作者去蒙古生活了一个学期，是因为作者想远离大学城的深夜图书馆，说明作者已经厌倦了天天在图书馆熬到深夜的生活。故选B。

5. D  词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的“my host mom would ask me if I was cold”可知，女主人问作者冷不冷。再根据后面的“to make sure I understood”可知，女主人这么做是想确保作者明白她的意思，说明女主人在问的同时，模仿了冻得发抖的样子。故选D。

6. B  细节理解题。根据第三段的“I’d stay quiet, measuring out my words, struggling for something to say that wouldn’t expose me as unfunny or boring.”可知，作者在家乡拥挤的餐厅里，总是会斟酌自己的言辞。故选B。

7. D  推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Only real things — kindness, helpfulness — mattered.”可知，作者明白了只有善良、乐于助人才重要。故选D。

C篇

本文是一篇说明文。作者在文中介绍了自己的家乡——利物浦的美景，并重点介绍了其独特的文化氛围，表达了对家乡的爱。

8. D  细节理解题。根据第一段中的“most visitors would be overpowered by the beauty of the noble buildings, which are solid signs of Liverpool’s history（大多数游客会被这些高贵的建筑之美征服，它们是利物浦历史的坚实标志）”可知，大部分游客都会被利物浦的建筑吸引。故选D。

9. C  推理判断题。根据第二段中的“As if to stress its cultural role, Liverpool has more museums and galleries ... However, culture is more than galleries. Liverpool offers many music events ...  Liverpool is also well-known for its football and other sports events ... a place of wonder.”可知，作者通过介绍利物浦的博物馆及美术馆、音乐活动和体育赛事等来说明其文化特色，所以第二段是以提供不同的例子展开的。故选C。

10. B  细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It is a monument to perfection, and a heritage attraction itself.”可知，Philharmonic pub是一处完美的名胜古迹，其本身就是一处遗产旅游景点。由此可知，作者是想通过Philharmonic pub告诉我们，利物浦是一个充满吸引力的、有很多旅游景点的地方。故选B。

11. D  主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章介绍了利物浦有美丽的建筑、大量的博物馆和美术馆等，而且重点讲述了其独特的文化氛围。故选D。

D篇

本文是一篇说明文。文章简单介绍了沉默在不同文化里所代表的含义以及沉默的治疗价值等内容。

12. C  推理判断题。根据第一段内容，尤其是“Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups ... Persons in other cultural groups ... needs.”可知，沉默在某些文化群体中可能被视为不舒适的，而在有些文化群体中却被视为必要的，因此silence in conversations具有文化特异性。故选C。

13. A  细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Many Native Americans value silence ... as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do ... what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.”可知，中国人可能认为一个人在谈话时突然停顿是希望听话人去仔细思考。故选A。

14. D  细节理解题。根据最后一段，尤其是最后一句“A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.”可知，护士应该充分利用沉默的治愈价值来辅助照顾病人。故

选D。

15. B  标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了沉默在不同文化里所代表的含义。故选B。文章未谈及Sound，所以A项不对；文章虽谈到了Silence to Native Americans，但这不是文章的中心内容，故排除C项；文章未涉及Speech Is Silver的内容，所以D项也不对。

五、

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国最初被比作“大熔炉”。随着社会发展，如今又被比作“沙拉碗”。

1. B  根据上文“‘Melting pot’ means a place where people from many different ethnic groups or cultures form a united society.”和下文“When they melt, the metals unite and become something new and stronger.”可知，空处应承上启下，进一步解释说明“大熔炉”这个概念的来源，故B项符合语境。B项中的“The idea”指代上文的“Melting pot”，“heating metals”和下文中的“they”对应。故选B。

2. E  根据上文“J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur published a book called Letters from an American Farmer in 1782.”及语境可推知，空处应是说明书中的主要内容，故E项符合语境。E选项中的“He”和上文的“J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur”对应。故选E。

3. G  根据下文“They welcomed immigrants ... Those foreign people settled down, learned the new language ... Yet some of those immigrants criticized the ‘melting pot’ idea.”可知，本段主要讲述了美国人以及移民采取的两种不同态度。由空后的“They welcomed immigrants”可知，空处应说明美国人自己对“大熔炉”这一概念的态度。故G项符合语境，空后的“They”指的就是G项中的“Americans”。故选G。

4. D  根据上文“People learn from each other ... society.”和下文“They keep to their own customs, religion and languages.”可知，人们相互学习，文化也不断演变；而一些人坚持他们自己的习俗、宗教和语言。由此可推知，空处应是说明一些人抵制学习美国文化和语言，D项中的“Some”和下文的“They”对应。故选D。

5. A  空前一句提出将美国社会比作沙拉碗，空后一句表明沙拉的各种材料的味道互不干扰，故空处应指明沙拉由多种食物组成。A项符合语境，且A项中的“A salad”和上文中的“a salad bow”对应。故选A。

六、

本文是一篇说明文。文章指出莫斯科是个不错的旅游目的地，并重点介绍了红场。

1. D  句意：在那里，你可以亲身体验俄罗斯文化，尤其当你是个历史爱好者时。结合空后宾语Russian culture和搭配的first-hand可知，应填experience，表示“体验，感受”。故选D。

2. C  结合下文内容可知，文中着重介绍了莫斯科红场，且主要从其文化和历史背景方面展开，显然这里要表达“如果你喜爱历史”。故选C。

3. C  句意：这座城市有许多令人激动的部分，其中包括著名的红场，这里对所有来莫斯科的游客都有着神奇的影响。本段具体介绍了俄罗斯的一些景点，即many exciting parts，而空后的Red Square明显是包含在其中的一部分，应填include，表示“包括”。故选C。

4. A  句意：站在红场上，你可以看到首都莫斯科最重要的建筑。联系下文列举的克里姆林宫等建筑可知，这里要表达站在红场上可以看到莫斯科的诸多著名建筑。故选A。

5. D  分析句子并结合选项可知，这里使用过去分词作后置定语，修饰flower，应搭配plant，字面上表示“种植花朵”，实际上意为“建造（花朵般的）穹顶”。故选D。

6. C  句意：鲜为人知的是，红场的名字由来与共产主义或苏联都没有关系。联系下文的The Old Russian word ... ‘Beautiful Square’.”可知，此处主要介绍红场名字的由来。故选C。

7. C  由下一句“Red Square means ‘Beautiful Square’”不难推断，这里要表达的是古俄语中表示red和beautiful的词是相同的。故选C。

8. C  句意：俄罗斯所有的主干街道都从这里延伸出去，而红场就是莫斯科的中央广场，同样也是俄罗斯的象征中心。由前文描述的俄罗斯的城市布局不难推断，红场就在城市的中心。故选C。

9. A  结合句意可知，空后的the symbolic center与前面的the   8   square在句中并列作表语，故应使用as well as连接两个并列成分。故选A。

10. B  句意：其历史可追溯到十五世纪九十年代，当时建造了新的红砖克里姆林宫。face up

to面对，正视；date back to追溯到；give way to被……取代；look forward to期待。结合空后的时间the 1490s及后面的定语从句不难推断，这里应填dates back to。故选B。

11. B  句意：全世界的商人们来到这里从事贸易，红场变成了一个大市场。该句的主语是Businessmen，显然指商人们汇聚红场进行贸易活动。故选B。

12. B  句意：在重大节假日，这里会有许多庆典活动，将广场变为露天的聚集场所。本段内容都围绕红场进行描述，这一句也是在讲述有庆典活动时的红场。故选B。

13. C  句意：来到莫斯科的游客们前去红场欣赏其美丽的建筑和历史。这里动作的主语是tourists，宾语则是its beautiful architecture and history，显然应填appreciate，表示“（游客们）欣赏（建筑和历史）”。故选C。

14. D  句意：（莫斯科）这座美丽的城市除了红场，还有许多风景名胜。这里用interest构成短语places of interest，意为“风景名胜”。故选D。

15. D  句意：如果你来欧洲游玩，不要忘记来亲自看看红场。空前的动词为see，应搭配短语with one’s own eyes，表示“亲眼（看到）”。故选D。

七、 

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了牛被选为十二生肖之一的原因以及牛在中国文化中的

地位。

1. earned  考查动词的时态。句意：几个世纪以前，大多数人靠务农为生。根据时间状语“Centuries ago”可知，空处谓语动词应用一般过去时表示过去发生的事情。故填earned。

2. writers  考查名词的数。句意：中国古代诗人和作家经常在文学作品中描写牛。此处and连接两个并列的名词作主语，名词形式应一致；由空前的“poets”可知，空处名词应用复数形式。故填writers。

3. oldest  考查形容词最高级。句意：在现存最古老的中国诗歌集《诗经》中，这种动物被多次提及。根据常识可知，《诗经》是现存最古老的中国诗歌集，所以空处形容词需用其最高级形式。故填oldest。

4. is considered  考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在中国文化中，牛被认为是勤奋和认真的象征。consider在句中作谓语，本句陈述事实，应用一般现在时；因为此处表示“牛被视为”之意，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态。又因主语ox是单数，故填is considered。

5. to  考查介词。此处表示直到今天，“牛的精神”仍然指的是征服任何可能出现的障碍。

refer to“指的是”，为固定搭配。故填to。

6. highly  考查词性转换。句意：这种精神受到高度赞扬，许多人把它作为他们的工作准则。空处应用副词作状语修饰谓语。故填highly。

7. to describe  考查非谓语动词。句意：当一个人通过努力取得巨大成就时人们经常用“牛”来形容这个人，意思是“棒极了”。本句已有谓语动词use，且空处没有连词，所以空处

应用非谓语动词；结合句意可知，空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to describe。

8. which  考查定语从句。句意：这反映在诗歌《自嘲》中，这首诗歌颂了牛的毫无怨言的服务态度。分析句子结构可知，空处应用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Self-Mockery，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语。故填which。

9. serving  考查非谓语动词。句意参见上题解析。此处强调“服务”这一动作，介词of后需接v-ing形式作宾语，故填serving。

10. and  考查连词。此外表示牛年出生的人通常被期望是勤劳、可靠和忠诚的。由空前后的形容词可知，此处表示并列关系。故填and。

八、

Dear Jim,

Learning that you are planning to travel to another city in China, I’d like to recommend Xi’an to you.

As the capital city for 13 dynasties, Xi’an is home to countless historic relics — the Terracotta Warriors, the Giant Wild Goose Pagoda, etc. It is also a wonderland for you to explore the fascinating art and culture of the East.

If you decide to go there, you can choose a hotel near the Xi’an City Wall, which provides both good views and convenient transportation. Besides, the snack street is a must for you with its varieties of local snacks.

I am sure you will enjoy yourself in this historic city!

Yours,

Li Hua