外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 6 At one with nature测试题

Period 5　Summary and Writing

Ⅰ.重点词汇

completion n. 完成，结束→complete adj. 完全的，彻底的→complete v. 完成；结束

harmony n. 融洽，和谐，一致→harmonious adj. 调和的，和谐的，均衡的

in_harmony_with 与……协调一致

out_of_harmony_with 与……不协调一致

design v. 设计，(为某种特定目的)计划 n. 设计；图案；意图

design sth. for sb./sth. 为……设计……

(be) designed for sb./sth. 为……而设计

be designed as sth. 被设计成

be designed to_do sth. 为做某事而设计

by_design＝on purpose 故意地，蓄意地

harm v．& n. 伤害，损害→harmful adj. 有害的；伤害的→harmless adj. 无害的，不会造成损害的

do ... harm/do harm to ... 对……有害

There is no harm in (sb.'s) doing sth. 做某事无害处

be_harmful_to ... 对……有害处

replace v. 以……替换，更换

replace sb./sth.＝take the place of sb./sth. 取代某人/某物

replace sth. with/by sth. 用……替换……

in place of sb.＝in one's place 代替某人

take one's place＝ take the place of sb. 代替某人

consumer n. 消费者→consume v. 消耗；消费→consumption n. 消耗；消费

consumer demand/choice/rights 消费者的需求/选择/权利

a consumer society 消费社会

narrow adj. 狭窄的，不宽的→narrow v. 使窄小；变窄；缩小

a narrow victory 险胜

a narrow escape 九死一生

a narrow majority 微弱多数

narrow sth. down (to sth.) 把(可能性或选择)缩小(到)；缩小范围

expert adj. 内行的，专家的 n. 专家

an expert on/in/at ... 某方面的专家

be_expert_in/at 在某方面擅长

limited adj. 有限的→limit n. 限制；极限；界限 v. 限制→limitless adj. 无限制的，无界限的

be_limited_to 受限于，局限到

set a limit to 限制，控制

reach_the_limit 达到极限

limit ... to ... 把……限制在……

rent v. 租用，租借 n. 租金

rent sth. from sb. 从某人处租用某物

for rent 供租用的

benefit n. 好处，益处 vt. 有利于；有益于；受益→beneficial adj. 有利的；有益的；受益的

for the benefit of ... ＝for_one's benefit为了……的利益

be_of benefit to ... 有益于……；对……有好处

benefit sb./sth. 使某人或某物受益

benefit from/by ... 从……中受益/获益

energy n. 力量，活力→energetic adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的→energetically adv.  积极地；精力充沛地

full_of energy 充满活力

solar/nuclear energy 太阳能；核能

feed on (动物)以……为食

feed sb./sth. on/with ... ＝feed ... to sb./sth. 用……来喂/饲养某人/物

be_fed_up_with 厌烦……

live_on (人)以……为主食，靠……生活

as well as 既……又……，不但……而且……；和……一样好

Ⅱ.教材原句

1．During the rainy season, it_is_along_these_waterways_that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces.(P63)

在雨季，雨水正是沿着这些水道从山上流下进入梯田。

2．And while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass, some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them.(P68)

许多英国人最喜欢星期天割草，而一些人只是坐在树枝下，享受他们周围世界的美丽就很开心。

Ⅲ.写作[概要写作——人与自然]

概要写作要求用自己的语言概括原文要点，所以在概要写作中要做到：要点间有衔接。可以采用以下方法去概括：

第一点：筛选出能够概括全文的主题句和关键词语。

第二点：提取要点进行转述。

第三点：注意要点之间的逻辑关系，切忌盲目堆砌要点。

1．开头常用句式

①We will have a field trip next week.

我们下周要去野外旅行。

②Have you ever had a field trip with some strangers?

你曾经和陌生人一起野外旅行过吗？

③It is exciting to explore a totally strange place.

去一个完全陌生的地方探索是很令人兴奋的。

④I have been to an island which is almost empty.

我曾经去过一个几乎没人的小岛。

2．主体段落常用句式

①Traveling has a positive effect on your creativity. At the same time, it also benefits you mentally and physically.

旅行对你的创造力有积极影响，同时，它也有益于身体和心理的健康。

②Being responsible is about making a positive impact on your destination, bringing benefits to local people rather than destroying natural resources.

负责任意味着给你旅行的目的地带来正面的影响，给当地人带来益处而不是破坏自然资源。

3．结尾常用句式

①There's nothing like traveling to broaden the mind.

没有什么比旅行更能使人胸襟开阔。

②If I have a chance to go there again, I will be happier than last time.

如果我有机会再去那里，我会比上一次玩得更开心！

③Remember, never leave garbage in such a wonderful place.

记住，不要把垃圾留在这么美好的地方。

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

A new study warns that about thirty percent of the world's people may not have enough water by 2025.

A private American organisation called Population Action International (PAI) did the new study. It says more than three hundred and thirty­five million people lack enough water now. The people live in twenty­eight countries. Most of the countries are in Africa or the Middle East.

PAI researcher Robert Engelman says by the year 2025, about three thousand million people are short of water. Eighteen more countries are expected to have serious water problems. The demand for water keeps increasing. Yet the amount of water on the earth stays the same.

Mr Engelman says the population in countries that lack water is growing faster than in other parts of the world. He says population growth in these countries will continue to increase.

The report says lack of water in the future may result in several problems. It may increase health problems. Lack of water often means drinking water is not safe. Mr Engelman says there are problems all over the world because of diseases like cholera that are carried in water.

Lack of water may also lead to more international conflicts. Countries may have to fight for water in the future. Some countries now get sixty percent of their fresh water from other countries. This is true of Egypt, the Netherlands, Cambodia, Syria, Sudan  and  Iraq. And the report says lack of water would affect the ability to improve their economies. This is because new industries often need large amounts of water when they are beginning.

The Population Action International study gives several solutions to the water problem. One way, it says, is to find ways to use water for more than one purpose. Another way is to teach people to be careful not to waste water. The third way is to use less water of agriculture.

The report also says long­term solutions to the water problem must include controls on population growth. It says countries cannot provide clean water unless they slow population growth by limiting the number of children people have.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[精彩范文]

Research shows that about thirty percent of the world's people may suffer from the shortage of water in the following nine years. Now over 335  million people in 28 countries lack enough water. (要点1) It is expected that 18 more countries will lack water in the years to come, while the amount of water remains the same and the population is growing faster. (要点2) The shortage of water will cause health problems and international conflicts. (要点3) But fortunately, ways are found to settle the problem. (要点4)

总评　本篇范文全方位概括了原文的要点，做到了概括精准、要点全面；四个要点之间层次分明、语言流畅、过渡自然，不失为一篇佳作。

[亮点呈现]

(1)Research shows that ... 这一宾语从句的运用，丰富文章结构的同时，体现出表达的客观性。

(2)It is expected that ... 中，it为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语，展现出作者运用语言的高超能力。

(3)连词while用来对比事物，表达更显地道。

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Have you ever heard of the Angel Falls? It is the highest waterfall in the world, deep in the jungle of Venezuela. Few people have ever seen the Angel Falls. It is very hard to get there. If you went by land, you would have to travel for weeks through thick jungles. If you went by plane from Caracas, the capital city on the northern coast, it would take about four hours.

What would it be like to take a trip by plane from Caracas to the Angel Falls? For hundreds of miles you would fly southeast over green plains. Then the land would become higher, and you would see mountains with forests. Soon the land would level out to high plateaus. Finally, you would fly towards a deep canyon with steep, rocky sides.

Suddenly you would see a silver thread in the distance. Then as your plane flew closer, you, would see the waterfall more clearly. You would see water falling over a half mile straight down the steep rock. It is a sight you would never forget.

No one knew about this high waterfall until 1930. In that year James Angel, an American pilot, flew over the area. As he was flying over the mountains and canyons, he suddenly saw a waterfall. It was an impressive sight: the water seemed to be dropping straight out of the clouds.

In 1941 an American measured the falls. From the top to the bottom, the water falls more than 3,200 feet. This falls is over 100 feet higher than the second highest falls in the world.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

写前导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上最高的瀑布。

[精彩范文]

The passage describes the highest waterfall in the world. Located deep in the jungle of Venezuela, the Angel Falls is difficult to reach. (要点1) Next, it gives a detailed explanation of how people should go and see the falls by plane. (要点2) Then the author reveals how the Angel Falls was discovered by an American pilot. (要点3) At last the readers are told about the height of the Angle Falls—a total of more than 3,200 feet. (要点4)