2024版新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习Unit4Scientistswhochangedtheworld学生用书牛津译林版必修第三册

必修第三册　Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world
►核心词汇——写其形
1．____________ vt. 表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报
2．____________ n. 赞扬，认可；信用
　　　　vt. 存入金额；把……归于
3．____________ n. 讲座，演讲；教训，训斥
　　　　vi. 开讲座，讲课
　　　　vt. 指责，训斥
4．____________ n. 责任，负责；职责，义务
5．____________ vt. 围绕，环绕；包围；与……紧密相关
6．____________ adj. 纯的；干净的；完全的；纯正的；纯真的
7．____________ vi. &vt. 想要，计划；意指
8．____________ adj. 有限的
9．____________ adj. 不了解的，无知的；无礼的
10．____________ vt. &vi. 应用；申请；涂；有关
11．____________ vt. 牵涉，影响；包含；(使)参加
12．____________ adj. 有益的，有用的
13．____________ vt. 延迟，延期

►阅读词汇——知其意
1．province n. ________________
2．accident n. ________________
3．herb n. ________________
4．experiment n. ________________
　　　vi. ________________
5．recipe n. ________________
6．string n. ________________
vt. ________________
7．broad adj. ________________
8．theory n. ________________
9．sufficient adj. ________________
10．wisdom n. ________________
11．household adj. ________________
　　 n. ________________
12．bomb n. ________________
vt. ________________

►拓展词汇——通其变
1．deadly adj.致命的；十足的，彻底的→________ n．死，死亡→________ vi.死，死亡
2．try vi. &vt.试；努力，试图→________ n．试用，试验；审讯，审判；考验 vi. &vt.测试，试验
3．explore vt.探究，调查研究；探索，勘查→________ n．探索，勘查→________ n．探索者，勘查人员
4．conduct vt. &vi.组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止→________ n．(合唱团/乐队的)指挥；火车上的乘务员；导体→________ n．(公共汽车上)女售票员
5．indicate vt.表明；暗示；提及；指出→________ n．指示，显示，表明；标示
6．intelligent adj.有才智的，聪明的；有智力的→________ n．智力；才智；智慧
7．politician n．政治家，从政者；投机钻营者→________ n．政治；政治事务→________ adj.政治的；政府的
8．electricity n．电，电能→________ adj.电的，用电的→________ adj.与电有关的；发电的
9．ignorance n．无知→________ adj.无知的；愚知的

►高频短语——记得牢
1．________________ 查阅，参考；提到，谈及
2．________________ (使)加速
3．________________ 成功，奏效，达到目的
4．________________ 偶然，意外地
5．________________ 显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄
6．________________ 使某人失望
7．________________ 关于，至于
8．________________ 提出，提议，建议

►典型句式——懂其用
1．Sb./Sth. is likely to do sth.
The trials on real patients ________________________ be postponed because they did not have sufficient data.
因为他们没有足够的数据，在真实病人身上进行实验有可能推迟。
2．It was not until...that...
However, ________________________ Tu succeeded in discovering qinghaosu, after many failed experiments.
然而，直到20世纪70年代，经过多次失败的实验后，屠呦呦才成功地发现了青蒿素。
3．as the saying goes
________________________，“Fortune favours the prepared mind.”
就如俗话所说：“幸运总是垂青有准备的人。”
4．way (that/in which)
________________________ science is of value is familiar to everyone: scientific knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things.
科学具有价值的第一种方式大家都很熟悉：科学知识使我们能够做出和制造各种各样的东西。

【核心考点】
►第一版块|重点单词
1．deadly adj.致使的；十足的，彻底的；极度的
deadly enemies 不共戴天的敌人
a deadly weapon/disease 致命的武器/疾病
in deadly silence 彻底的沉默
deadly serious/dull 极其严肃认真/乏味
[归纳拓展]
burn/starve to death烧死/饿死
be bored/scared/frightened to death
无聊得/吓得要死
die of...死于内因(如疾病，饥渴，悲伤等)
die from死于外因(如外等伤)
◎完成句子
①To defeat cholera, ______________________ (当时一种致命的疾病), was a real challenge to many scientists.
②Wearing a uniform, he stood before the statue in memory of ________________ (已故英雄)．
◎单句语法填空
③He didn't want to be attacked. This was why he published his ideas before his ________ (die).

2.survival n．生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物　survive vt. & vi.幸存，生还，比……活得长　survivor n．幸存者，生还者
(1)the struggle/battle/fight for survival
为生存而斗争/战斗/拼搏
survival from sth. 残存物；幸存事物
the survival of the fittest 适者生存
(2)survive from sth. 仍然存在；保存下来
survive on (靠很少的钱)继续维持生活
survive sb./sth. 比……活(或存在)的时间长
A lot of small companies are at risk and they have to fight for survival.很多小公司处境危险，它们不得不为生存而拼搏。
◎单句语法填空
①Man must also follow the law of nature: ________ (survive) of the fittest.
②The workers built shelters for those who ________ (survive) the terrible earthquake.
③The ________ (survive) in the disaster were rescued right away.
◎完成句子
④Dogs have a very good sense of smell and are often used to search for __________ (地震中的幸存者)．
⑤Human life is regarded as part of nature and ___________________ (我们生存的唯一方式) is to live in harmony with nature.

3.explore v．探索；考察；勘探；探讨　exploration n．勘探；勘查；探索
explore sth. for oil/minerals/gold
勘探某物以获得石油/矿物/黄金
the exploration of space 对宇宙空间的探索
oil exploration 石油勘探
[易混比较]
hunt一般指寻找所需的物件，或对罪犯的搜寻，特指追捕。
explore一般指对未知事物或新生事物的探索、观察与研究。
◎单句语法填空
①I'm going to take advantage of this tour ________ (explore) the history of the castle.
②His dream of being an ________ (explore) has become a reality.
③The ________ (explore) for new sources of energy is vital for the future of our planet.

4．beneficial adj.有益的；受益的
benefit v. 使受益；得益于　n. 益处，好处
benefit from/by 从……中受益，受益于……
get benefit from... 从……中受益
for the benefit of 为了……的利益
It is beneficial to eyesight to do eye exercises.
做眼保健操对视力有益。
[学法点拨]be beneficial to＝be of benefit to＝benefit 对……有益


◎单句语法填空
①The new hospital will be ________ (benefit) to the local poor people.
②It is evident that kids can benefit ________ reading large quantities of books.
◎完成句子
③China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ________________________ (为了……的利益) all of its citizens.
一句多译
④多读书对我们有益。
________________________________________________________________________ (beneficial)
________________________________________________________________________ (benefit vt.)
________________________________________________________________________ (be of benefit)
________________________________________________________________________ (benefit from/by)


5．surround vt.包围；围绕　surrounding adj.附近的　surroundings n．环境(复数)
surround... with... 用……包围……
be surrounded by/with... 被……包围/环绕
surround oneself with 和……在一起，与……为伍
the surrounding area 周围地区
work in pleasant surroundings 在愉快的环境中工作
◎单句语法填空
①They live in a beautiful village, with many trees and flowers ________ (surround) it.
②________ (surround) by thick bamboo, the ancient city hadn't been discovered until the 1960s.
③They all went out to look for the lost child in the ________ (surround) villages.
④Some insects take on the colour of their ________ (surround) to protect themselves.

6.indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示某事　indication n．表明；标示；显示；象征
indicate that... 表明，显示
indicate to sb. that... 向某人间接提及……
indicate how/what... 表明；显示
indication of doing sth. 做某事的迹象
indication that... ……的迹象
give no indication of 没有……的迹象
There are clear indications that...有明显的迹象显示……
He indicated where the luggage was to go.
他指出行李摆放在哪里。
◎单句语法填空
①The black clouds are gathering, which ________ (indicate) that it is going to rain soon.
②There is a great deal of evidence ________ (indicate) that music activities involve different parts of the brain.
◎完成句子
③A red sky at night often ________________________(预兆天气晴朗) the next day.

7.charge v．给……充电；收费，要价；指控，控告；指责，谴责　n．[U]主管，掌管；[C, U]费用，收费；[C]指控，控告
(1)charge (sb.) some money for sth.
因某事而(向某人)收……费
charge sb.with (doing) sth. 指控/指责某人(做)某事
(2)take charge of 负责，掌管(短语动词)
in charge of 负责，掌管(短语介词)
in the charge of＝in one's charge 由某人负责/掌管
free of charge 免费
◎写出句中charge的词性和含义
①The charge for transport will be increased because the price of petrol is going up.____________
②I wonder how much you charge for your services.____________
③The police charged the young man with car theft.____________
◎用charge短语完成句子
④The man who had ________________(掌管) the company ________________(被指控) bribe­taking, because he accepted a large amount of money from a department manager ________________________(负责) the manufacturing.
⑤Class Five is ________________(由……负责) Miss Li; that is to say, Miss Li is ____________________________(负责) Class Five.
⑥The watch is worth 20 dollars. You can get it ________________(免费) if you are willing to lend us a hand.

8．involve vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加
involve sb. in (doing) sth. 让某人参与到(做)某事中
involve doing sth. 包含/需要做某事
be/get involved in 牵涉，牵连，卷入
involve oneself in 积极参与
[词语积累]
involved adj.复杂的；有关联的
involvement n．参与；卷入，涉及
involvement in/with sth.参与/加入/插手某事
her growing involvement with contemporary music
她对现代音乐的日益投入
sporting involvements体育参与
her political involvements她在政治方面的参与
◎单句语法填空
①There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I had a second chance to become more ________ (involve)．
②It really benefited me a lot to preview lessons, get actively ________ (involve) in class, and review what had been taught after class.
◎完成句子
③The things we learn in maturity seldom ________________________ (涉及信息的技能). We learn to bear with the things we can't change.
④Students should ________________________ (参与各种各样的) community activities.

9．credit n．赞扬，认可；信用　vt.存入金额；把……归于
(1)a credit card 信用卡
on credit 赊购；赊欠
a credit to sb./sth. 为……赢得荣誉的人或物
do sb. credit＝do credit to sb. 使某人值得赞扬或表扬
to sb.'s credit＝to the credit of sb.
为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬，归功于……
(2)be credited with 因为……有功劳
be credited to 应归功于……
◎单句语法填空
①The Nobel Prize in Literature is a great credit ________ writers who make great contributions to society.
②________ her great credit, she admitted she was wrong.
◎完成句子
③______________________ (值得赞扬的是), John Snow finally found a cure for the severe disease.
④The invention is ________________________ (归功于) the humble scientist.
⑤It is very convenient to pay ________________________(用信用卡)．
⑥It's reported that most new cars are bought ________________________(赊欠).

10.permit vt. & vi. 允许，准许，许可；使有可能　n．许可证，通行证，执照
(1)permit doing sth. 允许做某事
permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
if time/weather permits 如果时间/天气允许的话
permit sth. in/into 允许……进入
(2)a fishing/residence/parking permit
钓鱼/居住/停车许可证
apply for a permit 申请许可证
permission n. 准许；许可；批准
apply for a travel/a parking/an export permit
申请旅行/停车/出口许可证
ask/request/apply for permission 申请许可
give/grant permission 批准
have permission (to do sth.)
经许可(做某事)
with/without (one's) permission
经(某人的)许可/未经(某人的)许可
[词语辨析]permit与allow
permit语意较强，指正式“许可”“批准”；allow语意较弱，含有“听任”“默许”“不加阻止”之意。
The nurse allowed him to remain there, though it was not permitted.护士让他留在那里，虽然这是不允许的。
◎单句语法填空
①—Would you allow me ________ (smoke) here?
—Sorry. We don't permit ________ (smoke) in the lab.
②Passengers are permitted ________ (carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.
③They don't permit ________ (pay) in cash when customers go shopping online.
④I don't permit you ________ (glare) at your customers even if they are sometimes rude to you.
◎完成句子
⑤______________________(如果天气允许), we will set off for the beach tomorrow.

11.responsibility n．责任；负责；职责，义务　responsible adj.有责任的；负责的　irresponsible adj.不负责任的
have responsibility for (doing) sth./to do sth.
有做某事的责任
it's one's responsibility to do sth.
某人有责任做某事
take responsibility for (doing) sth.
承担(做)某事的责任
a sense of responsibility 责任感
take/assume overall responsibility for
对……全面负责
claim responsibility (for sth.) 声称(对某事)负责
on one's own responsibility 自行负责地；自作主张地
be responsible for... 对……负责
be responsible for doing sth. 负责做某事
◎单句语法填空
①It is their responsibility ________ (rescue) survivors in the landslide.
②[2022·浙江6月改编]His trust in me is absolute which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ________ (responsible).
③[2022·全国乙卷改编]As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea­producing country, China has a ________ (responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
◎完成句子
④The government plans to bring in new laws forcing parents to ________________________ (为……承担更多的责任) the education of their children.

12.declare v．宣布；声明；表明；宣称　declaration n．宣布，宣告，公布，公告　　　
(1)declare war on 向……宣战
declare against/for 声明反对/支持
declare...to be... 宣布/宣称……是……
declare that 宣布/宣称
declare the winner 宣布获胜者
(2)the declaration of war　　　　 宣战
issue/sign a declaration 发布/签署公告
The Declaration of Independence (美国)《独立宣言》
[词语辨析]declare与announce
(1)declare指公开而郑重地宣布某事，通常用于正式场合。
(2)announce多指首次宣布大家感兴趣或可满足大家好奇心的事情。
I declare you husband and wife.我宣布你们结为夫妻。
announce their engagement宣布他们订婚的消息
announce a decision/an intention宣布一项决定/打算
◎完成句子
①When asked for his opinion, he ________________________ (声明坚决反对) the policy.
②Do you know when Britain ________________________ (向……宣战) Germany during the Second World War?
③The chairman __________________ (刚要宣布) the festival open when the lights went out.
◎辨析填空(declare/announce)
④The government passed a law that ________ it illegal to catch and sell this kind of animals.
⑤Please remain seated; the winner of the prize will be ________ soon.

13.marriage n．结婚；婚姻　marry v．(和某人)结婚；嫁；娶　married adj.已婚的；结婚的
(1)a happy/an unhappy marriage
幸福的/不幸福的婚姻
propose marriage 求婚
a marriage/wedding ceremony
婚礼
the breakdown of a marriage
婚姻破裂
(2)marry sb. 和某人结婚；嫁给某人；娶某人
marry sb. to sb. 把……嫁给……；为……娶……
marry sth.and/to/with sth.
(使不同的事物、观点等)相结合，结合在一起
marry into sth. 通过婚姻而进入(配偶所属的家庭或社会团体)
get married 结婚
a married man/woman 已婚男子/女子
[误区警示]
(1)不要说be/get married with sb.，而要说be/get married to sb.。marry sb.＝get married to sb.与某人结婚(表动作)
be married to sb.与某人结婚(表状态)
(2)marry和get married表示短暂性动作，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用；be married表示状态，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
◎单句语法填空
①My parents are going to celebrate 20 years of ________ (marry)．
②They have agreed on the date for the wedding and will get ________ (marry) on October 1st.
◎完成句子
③On her next birthday, Ann will ____________________ (结婚) for 20 years.
④Mr and Mrs Brown ____________________ (结婚)five years ago.
⑤Tom ____________________ (娶了玛丽), who is junior to him by 18 years.

►第二版块|重点短语
1．refer to查阅，参考；提到，谈及　reference n．参考
refer to... as 把……称作是……
refer to a dictionary 查词典
refer...to... 将……交送给……
for reference 以供参考；备案
with reference to 关于
reference value 参考值；标准值；参照值
in reference to 关于
make reference to 涉及
[相关链接]
refer to/turn to/consult the dictionary查词典look up... in the dictionary在词典中查阅……
◎写出句中refer to的含义
①I was not referring to her when I said so.____________
②Now that the boy has been punished, please don't refer to that matter again.____________
③The teacher asked us not to refer to our books or dictionaries when we were in the exam.____________
◎单句语法填空
④She made no ________ (refer) to her illness but only to her future plans.
◎完成句子
⑤Instead of ___________________ (查词典), I always try to guess the meanings of the new words in the passage.

2.speed up加速(反义短语：slow down减速，慢下来)
Dad stepped on the gas and the car sped up to 100 kph.爸爸一踩油门，车速提至每小时100千米。
at a speed of 以……的速度
at high/low/full/top speed 以高速/低速/全速/最高速
a speed limit/restriction 速度限制
pick up/gain/gather speed 加速
speed by (时间)很快地过去，飞逝
at great speed 以很快的速度
at lightning speed 以闪电般的速度
◎单句语法填空
①They are broadening the bridge to speed ________ the flow of traffic.
②Two months had sped ________ before he knew.
③Even ________ low speed, an accident could mean serious injury for a child.
◎用speed短语完成短文
④Tom is a cautious driver. Most of the time, he drives his car ________________ (以……的速度) 40 kilometers per hour. But this morning there was an injured man in his car, so he gradually ________________ (加速) and after a while, he began to drive his car ______________ (以全速)to send the injured man to the nearest hospital.

3．pay off 得到好结果，取得成功；偿清，付清(债务)；付清工资后解雇
The affair indicates that more employees will be paid off before long.这一事件表明不久后会有更多的雇员在付清工资后被解雇。
pay off 付清/还清债务
pay out 付巨款
pay up (尤指不情愿或延迟)付清
pay attention to sb./sth. (对某人/某事)注意
pay a call/visit 拜访，参观
pay back 偿还
pay down (分期或部分)支付，偿还
pay for 为……付钱，为……付出代价
◎写出句中pay off的含义
①—Dad, I don't think Oliver the right sort of a person for the job.
—I see. I will go right away and pay him off.____________
②My nephew started a new life in Italy despite many hardships, and his hard work finally paid off.____________
③We will have more money to spend after we pay off our debt.____________
◎完成句子
④Whichever one of you breaks the window will have to __________________ (为……付钱) it.
⑤The athlete's years of hard training ________________________ (得到回报) when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.

4．show off显示，展示；炫耀；卖弄
Although some people like to show off their wealth, income is a very private matter for most Americans.虽然有些人喜欢炫耀自己的财富，但对大多数美国人而言，收入是一件非常隐私的事情。
show up 出现；如约赶到
on show 展出
show sth. to sb./show sb.sth. 给某人看某物
show... around/round 带领……参观
◎单句语法填空
①John has only driven to the pub to show ________ his new car—he usually walks!
②It's really good of you to spend so much time showing me ________.
③A few hundred people showed ________ at the conference, as well as some television cameramen and reporters.
◎完成句子
④The designer clothes will be ________________________ (展出) in Chicago next month.

5.as to至于，关于(置于句首，后接名词、代词、动名词或从句等，用来引入新话题或对已谈过的事作进一步说明)
As to the proposal, I will take it into careful account.至于这个提议，我会仔细考虑的。
As to the strengths of a balanced diet, the doctor gave me many examples.关于均衡饮食的优点，医生给我举了许多例子。
As to her, she has nothing to complain about.
至于她，她没有什么可抱怨的。
I'm in a puzzle as to what to do next.
关于下一步该做什么我也不知道。
[学法点拨]

关于，至于
◎完成句子
①The bike is very cheap indeed. But ________________ (至于) its quality, I'm not quite sure.
②He was in a puzzle ________________ (关于如何保持平衡) between work and play.
◎单句语法填空
③As for ________ (go) back, that is out of the question.
④I am always delighted when I receive an e­mail from you. With regard ________ the party on July 1st, I shall be pleased to attend.

6．put forward提出(意见、建议、计划等)；将……提前；把(时钟指针)往前拨；推荐
The men's final has been put forward to 1：30 p．m.
男子决赛已提前到下午1点半。
Remember to put your clock forward tonight.
记住今晚把时钟指针往前拨。
put up 举起；搭建；张贴
put off 延期
put on 穿上；上演
put up with 容忍，忍受
put on weight 增加体重
put down 放下；写下；镇压
put out 扑灭；生产
put away 把……收起；攒钱
put aside 忽视，不理睬；留出
put...into practice 把……付诸实施
◎单句语法填空
①John Snow put ________ a suggestion that people should not be exposed to polluted water.
②Our sports meeting has been put ________ till next month because of the bad weather.
③They put ________ a notice there saying “Keep off the grass”．
④How can you put up ________ such a rude person for so long a time?
◎完成句子
⑤Not everyone attending the meeting agreed to the suggestion ________________________ (主席提出的)．


►第三版块|典型句式
1．It's not until...that...直到……才……
[教材原句]However, it was not until the 1970s that Tu succeeded in discovering qinghaosu...然而，直到20世纪70年代，屠呦呦才成功地发现了青蒿素……
[句式分析]该句式是not...until...用于强调句中。
[归纳拓展]not...until...有三种句型，即正常语序、倒装语序和强调句型。
The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
It was not until the child fell asleep that the mother left the room.
直到孩子睡着了，母亲才离开房间。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①They didn't encourage the development of tourist­related activities in the rural areas ________ recently.
②I was performing this action of waiting ________ it later became a habit.
③It was not until I came here ________ I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.
[能力提升]完成句子
④Bach died in 1750, but ______________________________ (直到20世纪早期) his music gift was fully recognized.(强调句)
⑤Not until he retired from teaching three years ago ________________________ (他才考虑) having a holiday abroad.(倒装句)

2.the first＋n.＋to do第一个做……的……
[教材原句]Tu Youyou has become the first female Chinese scientist to receive a Nobel Prize...屠呦呦成为第一位获得诺贝尔奖的中国女科学家……
[句式分析]不定式短语to receive a Nobel Prize作scientist的后置语。
当被修饰词是序数词或被序数词修饰时，通常用不定式作后置定语。被修饰词与不定式之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。
[学法点拨]不定式作后置定语的其他情况：
(1)被修饰词被形容词最高级或the only, the very, the right等修饰时；
(2)表示将来的动作时，常用不定式作后置定语；
(3)名词ability, chance, promise, opportunity, wish等常用不定式作后置定语。
He was the best man to do the job.
他是做这项工作的最佳人选。
I have good news to tell you.
我有好消息要告诉你。
Please give me a chance to explain.
请给我一个解释的机会。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①That is the only way we can imagine ________ (reduce) the overuse of water in students' bathrooms.
②He is always the first ________ (come) and the last ________ (leave)．
③He was the first specialist ________ (go) abroad for further education.
④Volunteering gives you a chance ________ (change) lives, including your own.
⑤I was the first Western TV reporter permitted ________ (film) a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.

3．“疑问词＋­ever”引导让步状语从句
She runs on average about 15 miles every day, whatever the circumstances, whatever the weather.
她坚持每天平均跑15英里左右，不论什么情况，不论什么天气。
[归纳拓展](1)“疑问词＋­ever”类词有whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever, wherever, whenever, however，它们可引导让步状语从句，通常可以转换为“no matter＋疑问词”。
Whatever (＝No matter what) happened, we must keep calm.无论发生什么，我们都必须保持镇定。
Wherever (＝No matter where) I go, I always meet interesting people.无论我去哪里，总会遇见有趣的人。
(2)whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever还可引导名词性从句，此时不能转换为“no matter＋疑问词”。
You can take whichever book you like.
你可以拿你喜欢的任何一本书。
I'll take whoever wants to go.谁想去我就带谁去。
[基础练习]完成句子
①We shall love you ________________ (不管发生什么事), Diana.
②________________ (不管你怎么努力尝试), it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
③__________________________ (无论她去哪里), there are crowds of people waiting to see her.
④We promise ______________________________________ (无论谁参加晚会) a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
⑤Your support is important to our work. __________________ (无论你能做什么)helps.

4.such...that...引导结果状语从句
[教材原句]Darwin was such a scientific man that before he made up his mind to get married...
达尔文是一个非常细致严谨的人，以至于在他决定结婚之前……
[句式分析]

My mother is such a stubborn person that I can never persuade her to give in.
我的母亲很固执，我从未能说服她让步。
[归纳拓展]

It is so good a film that I like to see it a second time.这部电影如此好，以至于我想再看一遍。
We had so little time that we couldn't finish the work on schedule.
我们的时间那么少，以至于我们不能按时完成那项工作。
[基础练习]完成句子
①It was ________________________ (如此吵闹以至于) we couldn't hear ourselves speak.
②He ________________________ (跑得如此快以至于) nobody could catch up with him.
③It is ______________________ (如此好的天气) that I'd like to take a walk.
④It was ________________________ (如此热的一天) that nobody could focus their attention on work.
[能力提升]辨析填空：so/such
⑤You can't imagine that ________ little birds can eat ________ many insects in ________ a short time.


【跟踪演练】
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．What's her ________ (方法，秘诀) for selling household appliances?
2．I didn't follow a recipe book so it was an ________ (尝试，实践)．
3．Limited by experiment devices, we should have the machine on ________ (实验，试用) for another week.
4．Water resource is vital to humans' survival and development, and it's ________ (有限的)．
5．Maintaining sales growth for these products depends on a growing class of people with sufficient disposable ________ (家庭的) income.
6．They have been ________ (彻底的，完全的) enemies ever since the experiment proved a failure.
7．The ceremony in this province is a ________ (幸存的事物) from pre­Christian times.
8．The thunderstorm bringing great loss was in several ________ (省份) along the Yangtze River.
9．She took a ________ (广泛的) view of the duties of being a politician.
10．She was ________ (想要，计划) to play a leading role in the space exploration.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．[2020·江苏卷]People need ________ (permit) to be funny in social settings because there's always a risk that comes with humor.
2．Residents are responsible ________ keeping their rooms, kitchens and shower rooms clean and tidy.
3．[2020·江苏卷]Jan 23: Wuhan ________ (declare) temporary outbound (向外的) traffic restrictions.
4．The proposal put ________ by Dobrindt aims to help promote fully automatic driving.
5．In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels ________ (publish) in Britain.
6．[2020·天津卷]And you might find ________ relaxing to bring your small kid to a half­hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book.
7．[2020·江苏卷]________ is not a problem whether we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time.
8．At this year's I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human­sounding voice ________ it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.
9．[2020·天津卷]All who participated have gained a positive outcome from getting ________ (involve)．
10．The teacher made it clear that our ________ (credit) would be hard­earned.
11．Later I decided to apply my previous experience to ________ (learn) how to read and write.
12．Sometimes ________ (ignore) and negative outlooks on situations can create anger.
13．We allow them to be left around because we've been ________ (ignore) of their value.
14．...human beings took it for ________ (grant) that their brains held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better guide.
15．[2020·全国Ⅲ卷]In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband's family when they get ________ (marry)．
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．没人愿意为那些恶行承担责任。(take responsibility for)
No one wants to ________________________ the evil deeds.
2．我不喜欢他用那种方式来嘲笑网瘾。(way that/in which)
I don't like ________________________________________________.
3．传统的道德观念对他来说非常重要。(be of＋抽象名词)
Traditional moral values ____________________________________.
4．他想当然地认为，如果他遇到麻烦，他父亲会承担责任。(take it for granted)
________________________ his father would take the responsibility if he got into trouble.
5．直到那时，我才意识到他们的婚姻正在破裂，因为他们没有什么共同之处。(It was not until... that...)
______________________________________ I realized their marriage was breaking up because they had little in common.





Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world
基础回顾·自主排查区
核心词汇
1．declare　2.credit　3.lecture　4.responsibility
5．surround　6.pure　7.intend　8.limited　9.ignorant
10．apply　11.involve　12.beneficial　13.postpone
阅读词汇
1．省份　2.意外，偶然的事；事故，意外遭遇　3.药草，香草；草本植物　4.实验，试验；尝试，实践　做试验，进行实验；尝试　5.方法，秘诀；食谱　6.细绳，线；一串；一系列；弦　悬挂，系；用线串　7.广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；概括的；开阔的　8.学说，论；原理；看法，意见　9.足够的，充足的　10.智慧，才智；明智；知识，学问　11.家庭的，家用的，家务的　一家人，家庭　12.炸弹；核武器　轰炸
拓展词汇
1．death　die　2.trial　3.exploration　explorer　4.conductor　conductress　5.indication　6.intelligence　7.politics　political　8.electric　electrical　9.ignorant
高频短语
1．refer to　2.speed up　3.pay off　4.by accident　5.show off　6.let sb. down　7.as to　8.put forward
典型句式
1．were likely to　2.it was not until the 1970s that
3．As the saying goes　4.The first way in which

核心考点·互动探究区
第一版块|重点单词
1．①a deadly disease of its day　②the dead hero　③death
2．①survival　②survived　③survivors　④survivors in an earthquake　⑤the only way for us to survive
3．①to explore　②explorer　③exploration
4．①beneficial　②from　③for the benefit of　④Reading a lot is beneficial to us.　Reading a lot benefits us.　Reading a lot is of benefit to us.　We benefit from/by reading a lot.
5．①surrounding　②Surrounded　③surrounding
④surroundings
6．①indicates　②indicating　③indicates fine weather
7．①n.费用　②v.收费　③v.控告　④taken charge of　was charged with　in charge of　⑤in the charge of　in charge of
⑥free of charge
8．①involved　②involved　③involve information and skills　④involve themselves in a variety of/be involved in various
9．①to　②To　③To his credit　④to the credit of　⑤by credit card　⑥on credit
10．①to smoke　smoking　②to carry　③paying　④to glare
⑤If weather permits/Weather permitting
11．①to rescue　②responsibility　③responsibility　④take more responsibility for
12．①declared strongly against　②declared war on　③was about to declare　④declared　⑤announced
13．①marriage　②married　③have been married　④got married　⑤married Mary
第二版块|重点短语
1．①指的是　②提到　③查阅，参考　④reference
⑤referring to/turning to the dictionary
2．①up　②by 　③at　④at a speed of　sped up　at full speed
3．①付清工资后解雇　②得到好结果　③偿清　④pay for　⑤paid off
4．①off　②around/round　③up　④on show
5．①as for/to　②as to how to keep a balance　③going　④to
6．①forward　②off　③up　④with　⑤put forward by the chairman
第三版块|典型句式
1．①until　②until　③that　④it was not until the early 19th century that　⑤did he consider
2．①to reduce　②to come　to leave　③to go　④to change　⑤to film
3．①whatever happens/no matter what happens　②However hard you try/No matter how hard you try　③Wherever/No matter where she goes　④whoever attends the party
⑤Whatever you can do
4．①so noisy that　②ran so fast that　③such nice weather　④so hot a day/such a hot day　⑤such　so　such
跟踪演练·强化提升区
Ⅰ.
1．recipe　2.experiment　3.trial　4.limited　5.household　6.deadly　7.survival　8.provinces　9.broad　10.intended
Ⅱ.
1．permission　2.for　3.declared　4.forward　5.published　6.it　7.It　8.that　9.involved　10.credits　11.learning　12.ignorance　13.ignorant　14.granted　15.married
Ⅲ.
1．take responsibility for　2.the way (that/in which) he laughed at the Internet addicts　3.are of great importance for him　4.He took it for granted that　5.It was not until then that