2024版新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习课时作业18Unit9HumanBiology北师大版选择性必修第三册

这是一份2024版新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习课时作业18Unit9HumanBiology北师大版选择性必修第三册，共6页。
Praised as “Edgar Snw in the New Era”， British jurnalist Andrew Mdy devted himself t accurately reprting n China fr ver a decade. Brn in Nttinghamshire in September, 1960, Mdy's interest in jurnalism began at age 15. What came next was a stried career that wuld last 4 decades. A visit t Shenzhen, Guangdng Prvince, in 1997 turned his attentin t China. During that visit, he was surprised by the great changes that had taken place in China. Mdy began wrking fr China Daily in 2008. In his 13 years at the paper, he published mre than 1 millin wrds in the newspaper grup's different publicatins.
“These stries aim t explain the strategies (策略) and aims f the Chinese gvernment t a wider audience, and als lk at the challenges and difficulties it faces，” Mdy wrte. “I als attach imprtance t issues which g largely ignred in the mainstream Western media, which ften fail t prvide a full r true image (形象) f China.”
T better cver China, Mdy read a lt. In his Beijing apartment, there were mre than 160 bks abut the natin. Su Qiang, a China Daily editr wh wrked with Mdy fr 8 years, said, “He read all the bks that tp experts had written abut China, and he clsely fllwed hw the wrld viewed China.” Mdy als learned t speak mandarin, traveled t mst prvinces and autnmus regins thrughut China and expsed himself t the Chinese way f life.
“China is mving int a new era in which it is much mre cnfident abut its psitin and status in the wrld.I have a definite sense f histry in the making，” said Mdy. He hped that he culd be ne f the witnesses and reprters f this histric time.
“S even when he was suffering frm a serius disease, Mdy still sldiered n. All he cared abut was whether he culd keep n wrking，” said Wang Liping, Mdy's attending dctr.
When he passed away in June, 2021, many peple were sad. “His death will be a huge lss t thse wh are wrking hard n the dialgue between China and the utside wrld，” said Kerry Brwn, a prfessr f Chinese Studies at King's Cllege Lndn.
1．What can be knwn abut Andrew Mdy?
A．He mved t China t wrk in 1997.
B．He reprted n China fr fur decades.
C．He cnsidered Edgar Snw t be his rle mdel.
D．He began t shw interest in jurnalism as a teenager.
2．What did Mdy d when he was wrking fr China Daily?
A.He drew a wider audience t the newspaper.
B.He reprted n the typical Chinese way f life.
C．He accurately intrduced China t mre peple.
D.He cmmunicated with the mainstream Western media.
3．What did Mdy's attending dctr think f him?
A．Fearless. B．Devted.
C．Optimistic. D．Ambitius.
4．What is the purpse f the authr in writing this passage?
A．T praise an hnrable freign jurnalist.
B．T describe Mdy's clrful life in China.
C．T crrect Western media's impressin f China.
D．T shw an accurate image f China t the utside wrld.
B
[2023·湖南省高三六校联考]
When rmantic partners argue ver things like finances, jealusy, r ther interpersnal issues, they tend t emply their current feelings as fuel fr a heated argument. But thinking abut the future helps vercme relatinship cnflicts, accrding t a study by the University f Waterl just published nline in Scial Psychlgical and Persnality Science. Alex Huynh, a dctral candidate in psychlgy, is the lead authr f the study, which he published with Igr Grssmann frm the University f Waterl, and Daniel Yang frm Yale University.
Previus research has shwn that third­perspective reasning can be a psitive strategy fr recnciliatin (调解) f interpersnal struggles. Huynh and his cllabratrs investigated whether the similar benefit can be induced by simply thinking abut the future. Study participants were instructed t reflect n a recent cnflict with a rmantic partner r a clse friend. One grup f participants was then asked t describe hw they wuld feel abut the cnflict ne year in the future, while anther grup was asked t describe hw they feel in the present.
The team examined participants' written respnses thrugh a text analysis prgram fr their use f prnuns such as I, me, she, he. These chices f prnuns were used t capture participants' fcus n the feelings and behaviur f thse invlved in the cnflict. Written respnses were als examined fr frgiveness and reinterpreting the cnflict mre psitively, bth f which implied the participants' use f reasning strategies.
The researchers fund that envisining (展望) future relatinships affected bth participants' fcus n their feelings and their reasning strategies. As a result, participants reprted mre psitivity abut their relatinships altgether, especially when study participants extended their thinking abut the relatinships a year int the future.
“Our study demnstrates that adpting a future­riented perspective in the cntext f a relatinship cnflict—reflecting n hw ne might feel a year frm nw—may be a valuable cping tl fr ne's psychlgical happiness and relatinship well­being，” said Huynh.
5．What d rmantic partners d in face f mst disagreements?
A．They lse faith in their future.
B．They lk frward t a fierce cnflict.
C．They fcus n their present feelings.
D．They care mre abut financial prblems.
6．What des the underlined wrd “induced” in Paragraph 2 mst prbably mean?
A．Explained. B．Caused.
C．Reduced. D．Imprved.
7．What d we knw abut the study?
A.The reasning strategies in participants' written respnses were well wrthy f nte.
B．Study participants described their recent relatinships with their rmantic partners r friends.
C．A text analysis prgram was emplyed t examine participants' use f negative wrds.
D．All the study participants described hw they feel bth in the present and in the future.
8．What can be the best title f the text?
A.Yu Have a Year t Slve Yur Interpersnal Prblems
B．Beneficial Reasning Is a Psitive Strategy fr Recnciliatin
C．Yur Current Feelings Are the Real Cause f Yur Heated Arguments
D.Thinking Abut Future Is Essential fr Relatinship Maintenance
[答题区]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
[2023·广东省六校第一次联考]
Science shws that stretching (伸展) is essential after exercise. Stretching lengthens and mbilizes the cnnective tissue arund yur muscles. What's mre, stretching helps yur bld flw and even relieves yur stress. __1__
Yu culd feel sick. Yu wn't be surprised t knw that when yu exercise, yu raise yur heart rate fr a perid f time. While it's great t get that bld flwing, it's just as imprtant t get yur heart rate back t a nrmal level after the wrkut is ver. __2__ As yur heart is beating faster and yur bdy temperature is higher, yu culd pass ut r feel sick if yu stp t fast. Stretching after physical activity allws a gradual decrease at the end f the episde.
Yur muscles will likely becme stiffer and mre sre. When yu exercise yur muscles, it prduces lactic acid (乳酸), which is actually what causes yur muscles t becme sre. When yu rest between perids f exercise, yur bdy naturally breaks dwn that lactic acid. Is there ne thing that helps yur bdy get rid f that lactic acid? __3__ Stretching helps yu distribute xygen thrughut yur bdy, which can reduce lactic acid prductin and rid yur muscles f any accumulatin f lactic acid.
__4__ Flexibility is clsely related t injury risk. Pr flexibility will cause yu t have muscles that get tired mre quickly and jints that are mre likely t suffer frm injury. Besides, yur weakened range f mtin will lead t less bld and nutrients t yur jints. __5__ Sticking t stretching after physical activity can hpefully imprve yur flexibility.
A．Yu'll be at risk f injury.
B．Yu guessed it: stretching.
C．Yu'll imprve yur flexibility by stretching.
D．It des wnders fr bth yur physical and mental health.
E．This is als knwn in the fitness wrld as “cling dwn”．
F．There are harmful side effects if yu dn't stretch after exercise.
G．That's why peple ften feel pain in their weight­bearing jints like knees and hips.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________
4．________ 5.________
Ⅲ.语法填空
[2023·广东省六校第一次联考]
As China's gig ecnmy (零工经济) cntinues t grw, the central gvernment is seeking better regulatins 1.________ (serve) the rights f wrkers, develp new skills and startups and ensure healthy and balanced develpment in the jb market. Gig wrkers, ften referred t 2.________ independent cntractrs (承包人) r temprary wrkers, are thse such as delivery drivers and nline sales hsts 3.________ ften enter int cntracts with n­demand cmpanies t prvide services fr their clients.
The guideline 4.________ (release) early n Thursday by five central departments t slve practical prblems that are being faced tday and are n the hrizn amng emplyees and emplyers in the gig ecnmy.
In the past few years, with the rise f technlgy and the impact f the pandemic, the gig ecnmy 5.________ (prvide) pprtunities fr many peple acrss a number f sectrs, accrding t Pang Shi, directr f ne department. She said the gig ecnmy prvides an imprtant way fr peple t imprve their incmes, and 6.________ fr senirs, the disabled r thse with ther difficulties, gig wrk prvides less pressure than full­time emplyment.
Gig wrkers ften have higher wrk 7.________ (efficient) because f new technlgy, 8.________ (break) the previus wrking limits f time and space. “The gig ecnmy is shwing grwing imprtance t the stability f the jb market, 9.________ (particular) facing current ecnmic dwnturns，” Wei Xiang, 10.________ prfessr frm the University f Chinese Academy f Scial Sciences, added.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________
4．________ 5.________ 6.________
7．________ 8.________ 9.________
10．________
课时作业(十八)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文报道了已故的《中国日报》的英国籍记者、被称作新时期的“埃德加·斯诺”的安德鲁·穆迪的事迹。穆迪准确地向世界展示了新时期的中国。
1．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Mdy's interest in jurnalism began at age 15”可知，穆迪从青少年时期起就对新闻工作感兴趣。
2．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Andrew Mdy ver a decade”可知，穆迪准确地将中国介绍给更多的人。
3．答案与解析：B 观点态度题。根据第五段中的“Mdy still sldiered n wrking”可知，穆迪的主治医生认为他是一个对工作非常投入的人。
4．答案与解析：A 写作意图题。结合文章大意可知，本文主要报道了已故的《中国日报》的英国籍记者安德鲁·穆迪准确地向世界展示了新时期的中国，即使是在生病期间，他也关心是否可以继续工作的故事。由此可知，本文旨在歌颂一位值得尊重的外国记者。
B
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——研究发现——展望未来可解决冲突
【语篇解读】 研究人员发现展望未来可以帮助解决人际关系方面的冲突。
5．答案与解析：C 理解具体信息。根据第一段中的“When rmantic partners argue ver tend t emply their current feelings as fuel fr a heated argument”可知，伴侣在争吵的时候比较关注当前的感受，故C项正确。
6．答案与解析：B 理解词汇。明题意：本题问“第二段中的画线词‘induced’可能是什么意思？”→寻线索：根据语境可知，画线词所在句中的“the similar benefit”指的是与上文中提到的“recnciliatin (调解) f interpersnal struggles”相似的益处，上文中提到的益处是由“third­perspective reasning”产生的，因此研究人员想知道“simply thinking abut the future”是不是也可以产生相似的效果。→定答案：A项“解释”，B项“使产生”，C项“减少”，D项“改进”。故B项与画线词的意义最为接近。
7．答案与解析：A 推断。根据第三段中的“Written respnses were als strategies”可推知，参与者书面答复中暗含的推理策略同样值得关注，故A项正确。
8．答案与解析：D 理解文章主旨要义。本文主要介绍了一项研究发现，此类文章的主题一般为研究结果。根据第一段中的“But thinking abut the future helps vercme relatinship cnflicts, accrding t a study by the University f Waterl”可知，研究表明展望未来可以帮助解决人际关系方面的冲突，故D项最适合作本文的标题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自我——健康生活——拉伸
【语篇解读】 科学表明运动后拉伸非常有必要，本篇文章介绍了运动后为什么要拉伸以及拉伸的好处。
1．答案与解析：F 空前讲到了拉伸的好处。根据第二段和第三段的首句可知，空处承上启下，应该会讲到运动后不拉伸的坏处。故选F项“如果你运动后不做伸展运动，就会产生有害的副作用”。
2．答案与解析：E 根据空前的“it's just as is ver”可知，E项“这在健身界也被称为‘降温’”符合语境，且E项中的“This”指代“get yur heart rate back t a nrmal level after the wrkut is ver”。
3．答案与解析：B 空前提出一个问题：有没有方法可以帮助身体摆脱乳酸。接下来应该回答这个问题并呼应主题，故B项“你猜对了：拉伸”对空前的提问进行了回答。
4．答案与解析：A 根据第二段和第三段的首句可知，空处应与前两段在逻辑上保持一致，也应该讲不做拉伸的负面作用，再结合空后的“injury risk”可知，A项“你将会有受伤的危险”符合语境。
5．答案与解析：G 根据空前两句内容可知，灵活性差会导致你的肌肉更快疲劳，关节更易损伤。除此之外，运动范围的缩小会导致关节的血液和营养供应减少。G项“那就是人们的负重关节(如膝盖和髋关节)经常感到疼痛的原因”符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇类型：新闻报道 主题语境：人与社会——社会发展——零工经济
【语篇解读】 随着零工经济的持续发展，政府正在寻求更好的监管，以满足工人的正当要求，开发新技能和壮大新成立的公司，确保就业市场的健康和平衡发展。
1．答案与解析：t serve 非谓语动词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处应用动词不定式表示目的。故填t serve。
2．答案与解析：as 介词。refer “把……称为……”，是固定搭配。故填as。
3．答案与解析：wh 定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为thse，指人，空处在从句中作主语，故用关系代词wh。
4．答案与解析：was released 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。根据后面的时间状语“early n Thursday”可知，用一般过去时， The guideline和release是被动关系，又因主语The guideline为单数，故填was released。
5．答案与解析：has prvided 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据前面的时间状语“In the past few years”可知，此处用现在完成时， prvide和the gig ecnmy之间是主动关系，又因主语the gig ecnmy为单数，故填has prvided。
6．答案与解析：that 宾语从句。空处引导从句作said的第二个宾语从句，故填that。此处的that一般不可省略。
7．答案与解析：efficiency 词形转换。空处表示工作效率，应用名词，故填efficiency。
8．答案与解析：breaking 非谓语动词。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，空处与new technlgy为逻辑上的主谓关系，应该用现在分词形式，故填breaking。
9．答案与解析：particularly 词形转换。修饰非谓语动词短语“facing current ecnmic dwnturns”，应用副词，故填particularly。
10．答案与解析：a 冠词。prfessr是可数名词的单数形式，表示泛指，且prfessr的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。
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