2024版新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习课时作业17Unit8Literature北师大版选择性必修第三册

这是一份2024版新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习课时作业17Unit8Literature北师大版选择性必修第三册，共6页。
The beautiful island cuntry f Madagascar has a serius schl shrtage. Abut a third f Malagasy children have n access t educatin because the schls are t far away r severely vercrwded. Thinking Huts, a nn­prfit rganizatin dedicated t increasing glbal access t educatin, plans t tackle the issue with a series f 3D­printed schls, the first f which was cmpleted in April 2022.
The 765­square­feet structure, named Bugainvillea, will huse 30 students. The cnstructin began with the printer puring a cement­like(水泥状) mixture in a pattern t create the walls. The entire prcess tk just 18 hurs! The rf, drs and windws were lcally surced, and the walls were made f a cement mixture that can resist big envirnmental pressures in the area. Bugainvillea was 3D printed by 14 Trees, a cmpany with experience printing buildings thrughut Kenya and Malawi.
Maggie Gruts, the 22­year­ld funder f Thinking Huts, is a senir at the University f Clrad and was just 15 when she started Thinking Huts. Adpted frm a rural village when she was 18 mnths ld, Grut realized that nt all kids were as frtunate as her and wanted t help. The idea fr the 3D­printed schls came t her after brainstrming with her father n ways t use the technlgy fr the greater gd.
The 3D printing apprach shrinks the cnstructin turnarund time frm mnths t days, as well as the cst. This allws mre schls t be built in less time and reduces the building's carbn ftprints. And these savings in time, cst and materials meet a real need fr educatin infrastructure (基础设施) t help bridge the glbal pprtunity gap.
“Thinking Huts hpes t have a Thinking Hut in every cmmunity where children d nt have a place fr educatin and is fundraising t develp this gal. By using 3D printing, we are cmbining the ptential f technlgy with architectural slutins that tackle real prblems the wrld faces within educatin，” says Gruts.
1．What are 3D­printed schls intended fr?
A．Reducing cnstructin wastes.
B．Helping deal with a shrtage f schls.
C．Prviding high­quality educatin fr lcal students.
D．Drawing public attentin t 3D­printing technlgy.
2．Which f the fllwing statements best describes Bugainvillea?
A．It has a cmplex architectural structure.
B．It features strng resistance t bad weather.
C.It is built with the help f the lcal gvernment.
D.It can hld mre students than traditinal schls.
3．What can be inferred abut Maggie Gruts frm the text?
A．She is truly creative and warmhearted.
B．She had n access t schl as a child.
C.She is devted t designing 3D­printed prducts.
D.She raised mney fr kids frm rural areas.
4．What is mainly talked abut in Paragraph 4?
A．The advantages f 3D­printed schls.
B．The wide ppularity f 3D­printing technlgy.
C．The significance f narrwing the glbal pprtunity gap.
D．The impact f 3D­printed buildings n the envirnment.
B
[2023·吉林市高三第一次调研]
Many in the US wuld say Abraham Lincln is the greatest president. Lincln is still knwn fr being a great public speaker and a man f hnesty. He's als a symbl f equality. The year 2022 marks the 213th anniversary f his birth.
Lincln served as the 16th US president, frm 1861 until his being killed in 1865. Lincln's dramatic death and the events that surrunded him have made his presidency a highlight f the US histry.
Immediately after his electin t ffice, the suthern states declared independence and frmed their wn cuntry, the Cnfederate States f America, cmmnly referred t as the Cnfederacy.
In the suthern states, slavery (奴隶制) frmed the base f the suthern ecnmy and was greatly prfitable fr suthern farmers. Accrding t Greg Timmns at www. Histry. cm, the Cnfederacy was the wrld's furth­richest cuntry. Hwever, many peple felt that slavery was deeply immral. When the issue culd n lnger be ignred, Lincln was the man in the White Huse. He guided the cuntry thrugh a bldy civil war, ne which saw neighbrs fight each ther.
As the war was ending, Lincln had mre wrk t d. Making sme changes t the US laws was difficult, but Lincln helped create three amendments (修正案). One f them put an end t the slavery f African­Americans. Anther allwed the frmer slaves t vte in electins.
These events frever changed the cuntry. Unfrtunately, Lincln wuld nt live t see these changes. He was sht frm behind while watching a play. The killer, Jhn Wilkes Bth, said that it was fr his allwing freed slaves t vte.
Lincln's death strengthened his psitin as an all­time great president. US Civil War histrian James M. McPhersn makes it clear, “If Lincln had been a failure, he wuld have lived a lnger life.”
5．Hw ld was Lincln when he became president f the US?
A．42. B．50.
C．52. D．56.
6．What des the underlined part in Paragraph 4 imply?
A.As a president it was Lincln's duty t slve the prblem.
B．After becming president, Lincln lived in the White Huse.
C．Lincln was prtected extremely well in the White Huse.
D．In the White Huse Lincln knew nthing abut the issue.
7．Why was Lincln killed?
A．Because he guided the US Civil War.
B.Because he punished sme suthern farmers.
C.Because he changed the histry f the US.
D.Because he gave frmer slaves vting rights.
8．What des James M. McPhersn want t cnvey?
A．Lincln was a great president.
B．Lincln suffered many failures.
C．Lincln wasn't a successful plitician.
D．Lincln's failure led t his early death.
[答题区]
Ⅱ.完形填空
[2023·沧衡八校联盟期中]
I believe I have a persnal duty t make a psitive impact n sciety. I've tried t__1__ this gal by chsing a career in public service. As a physician dealing with the challenge f infectius diseases, I cnsider my jb a __2__， which allws me t help ease the suffering f humankind. I have three principles t __3__ my life, which I always think abut.
Firstly, I have a strng thirst fr__4__. I think I will never knw as much as I __5__. This is what keeps the __6__ f knwledge ht. And it is why I wuld d my jb every day even if I cannt get high incme.
Secndly, I believe in fighting fr__7__. I sweat ver all the stuff, withut feeling __8__ fr it. One f the byprducts f being a perfectinist is anxiety. But this anxiety creates a __9__ tensin that drives me t fulfill my limited ptential.
Thirdly, I believe that my gal t be a physician is t__10__ humankind. I have spent my __11__ n public service. Mst f it invlved research, the care f __12__ and the public health plicy n AIDS.
I think, t cntrl this terrible disease__13__， I must be guided by these principles: cntinually thirsting fr knwledge, accepting nthing __14__ f excellence and knwing that the__15__f sciety is mre imprtant than my gains.
1．A.accmplish B．ignre
C．change D．find
2．A.slutin B．game
C．prgram D．gift
3．A.frm B．check
C．guide D．prve
4．A.pwer B．knwledge
C．adventure D．evidence
5．A.want B．prmise
C．admit D．refuse
6．A.necessity B．excuse
C．recvery D．pursuit
7．A.agreement B．balance
C．excellence D．fairness
8．A.embarrassed B．curius
C．amused D．regretful
9．A.cmmn B．healthy
C．serius D．harmful
10．A.emply B．intrduce
C．unite D．serve
11．A.reputatin B．career
C．dubt D．luck
12．A.children B．elders
C．patients D．students
13．A.randmly B．ccasinally
C．successfully D．immediately
14．A.full B．shrt
C．wrthy D．typical
15．A.gd B．standard
C．variety D．arrival
[答题区]
1～5 ________ 6～10 ________
11～15 ________
课时作业(十七)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Maggie Gruts在马达加斯加创办3D打印学校的事迹。
1．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The beautiful island cuntry f Madagascar has a serius schl shrtage.”及“Thinking Huts, a nn­prfit dedicated t increasing glbal access t educatin, plans t tackle the issue with a series f 3D­printed schls, the first f which was cmpleted in April 2022.”可知，3D打印学校的目的是帮助解决学校短缺问题。
2．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The 765­square­feet structure, named Bugainvillea, will huse 30 students.”及“The rf, drs and windws were lcally surced, and the walls were made f a cement mixture that can resist big envirnmental pressures in the area.”可知，Bugainvillea的建筑特点是抵抗坏天气能力强。
3．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Adpted frm a rural village when she was 18 mnths ld, Grut realized that nt all kids were as frtunate as her and wanted t help. The idea fr the 3D­printed schls came t her after brainstrming with her father n ways t use the technlgy fr the greater gd.”可知，Maggie Gruts很有创造力(创办3D打印学校)，也很热心(帮助孩子们接受教育)。
4．答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。根据第四段“3D打印方法将施工周转时间从几个月缩短到几天，也降低了成本。这使得在更短的时间内建造更多的学校，减少了建筑的碳足迹。这些在时间、成本和材料上的节省满足了教育基础设施的实际需求，以帮助弥合全球机会差距。”等内容可知，本段主要讲了3D打印学校的优势。
B
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与社会——伟人事迹——伟大的总统林肯
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了美国第16任总统林肯的伟大贡献和历史地位等。
5．答案与解析：C 理解具体信息。根据第一段中的“The year 2022 marks the 213th anniversary f his birth”和第二段中的“Lincln served as the 16th US president, frm 1861”可以得出，林肯出生年份为2022－213＝1809，到1861年当选总统时年龄为1861－1809＝52，即林肯52岁就任美国第16任总统，故C项正确。
6．答案与解析：A 理解句意。根据本句中的时间状语从句“When the issue culd n lnger be ignred”可知，问题已经严重到必须正视的地步了，而林肯是白宫的主人，所以必须要由他出面解决了，故A项与画线句的意义最为接近。
7．答案与解析：D 理解具体信息。根据第六段中的“The killer, Jhn Wilkes Bth, said that it was fr his allwing freed slaves t vte”可知，据刺客交代，杀死林肯的原因是林肯给了之前是奴隶的人们选举权，故D项正确。
8．答案与解析：A 推断。结合语境可知，James M. McPhersn的话主要是为了说明前一句“Lincln's death strengthened his psitin as an all­time great president”，因此， James M. McPhersn的话主要是为了说明林肯总统的伟大，故A项正确。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文作者是美国流行病专家福奇，是一位传奇式人物：他淡泊名利、追求真知与卓越，一生致力于该病的防治。
1．答案与解析：A 根据上文“I believe I have a persnal duty t make a psitive impact n sciety. ”可推断，作者想要对社会做出积极的影响，因此选择公共卫生服务方面的职业来达成这个目标。
2．答案与解析：D 句意：作为一名应对传染病挑战的医生，我认为我的工作是一份礼物，它使我能够帮助减轻人类的痛苦。 根据下文“which allws me t help ease the suffering f humankind ”可知，作者的职业能够减轻人类的痛苦，因此作者认为工作是礼物。
3．答案与解析：C 根据下文“I must be guided by these principles”可知，作者一生坚持渴求真知、追求卓越及救死扶伤三大原则来指导自己的生活。
4．答案与解析：B 句意：首先，我有强烈的求知欲，我想我永远不会知道我想要的那么多。 从后文的“This is what keeps the __6__ f knwledge ht.”可知，作者总是有很强的求知欲。
5．答案与解析：A 根据上文“I have a strng thirst fr __4__， I think I will never knw as much as”和下文“And it is why I wuld d my jb every day even if I cannt get high incme.”可知，作者有很强的求知欲，认为自己绝没有知道想要的那么多的知识，需要不断学习。
6．答案与解析：D 结合上文和下文“And it is why I wuld d my jb every day even if I cannt get high incme. ”可知作者每天学习，追求知识。
7．答案与解析：C 根据后文“One f the byprducts f being a perfectinist is anxiety.”可知作者精益求精，追求卓越。
8．答案与解析：D 句意：我为所有的事情流汗，但并不为此感到遗憾。 根据上文“I sweat ver all the stuff”可知，作者为所有的事情流汗出力，但并不为此感到遗憾。
9．答案与解析：B 句意：但这种焦虑产生了一种健康的紧张，驱使我发挥自己有限的潜能。 根据后文“drives me t fulfill my limited ptential”可知这种紧张感是健康的。
10．答案与解析：D 句意：第三，我认为我成为一名医生的目标是为人类服务。 对应上文“help ease the suffering f humankind”可知，作者认为自己的职责是为人类服务，减轻痛苦。
11．答案与解析：B 根据上文“by chsing a career in public service”和后文“n public service”可知，作者的职业生涯是为公众服务。
12．答案与解析：C 句意：其中大部分涉及关于艾滋病的研究、病人的护理和公共卫生政策。 根据后文“and the public health plicy n AIDS”可知这里指对艾滋病病人的护理。
13．答案与解析：C 句意：我认为要成功地控制这种可怕的疾病，我必须以这些原则为指导：不断渴求知识，不接受任何不卓越的东西，并知道社会的利益比我的收获更重要。 根据上文“cntrl this terrible disease”和下文“I must be guided by these principles: cntinually thirsting fr knwledge...”可知，此处说的是成功控制艾滋病这种疾病。
14．答案与解析：B 根据上文“One f the byprducts f being a perfectinist is anxiety.”可知，作者追求完美，不接受不卓越的东西，此处为短语nthing shrt f表示“简直就是；无异于……”。
15．答案与解析：A 根据第一段第一句“I believe I have a persnal duty t make a psitive impact n sciety.”和后文“mre imprtant than my gains”可知，作者认为自己有责任对社会做出影响，因此推断他认为社会的利益比个人利益更重要。
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