初中牛津译林版Grammar精品第3课时习题

Unit 5 第 3 课时 Grammar

【答案】一．1.highly 2.*breath3.*out of breath4.last

二．1.高high(adj./adj.)-highly(adv.)--height(n.).

2.呼吸breath(n.)——breathe(v.)3. last(v.)持续(adj.)最后的,上一个

三、重要短语

1. make me feel relaxed 2. search the Internet for sth.  search sp.for sth 3. think highly of4. at the song and dance show 5. at the art festival 6. practice hard 7. design the poster for the art festival 8.a students'art show 9. be open to all students and parents 10. learn more about different art forms, only a little11. buy some drinks12. in a minute

13. out of breath do hurry int to a hurry14. hurry into the theatre=go into the theatre in a hurry

四、重要句子

1. Everyone is welcome. 欢迎每位。

2. The opera lasted for one and a half hours. 这场歌剧持续了一个半小时。

3.I am late because there was a lot of traffic. 不可数 我迟到是因为交通拥挤。

4. We did not get bored at all because the opera was really wonderful.

我们根本没厌倦因为这场歌剧实在是太精彩了。

5. As he likes the sounds of nature, Tan uses them a lot in his music.

由于他喜欢自然界的声音，他在他的音乐中也运用了许多。

6. Since Millie also planned to take the underground, we went to the theatre together. 既然米莉也计划乘地铁，那我们就一起去剧院吧。

一．原因状语从句

【精讲】原因状语从句是指复合句中表示主句动作发生原因的句子。

1.原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。

He didn’t come to school because he was ill.

As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.

Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.

2.because表示直接原因，语气最强。because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。as和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从句多放在句首。

------Why aren’t you going there?

------Because I don’t want to.

As he has no car, he can’t get there easily.

Since we have no money, we can’t buy it.

3.because和so不能同用在一个句子里。

4.because与because of 的区别:

because后只能接句子，而because of 后面只能接名词或名词短语，不能跟句子。

Because of the bad weather, we put off the sports meeting.

Because it rained yesterday, we put off the sports meeting.

1.Wolves will _________ their lives _________ the loss of the trees and forests.

A.lose; because B.lose; because of C.lost; because D.lost; because of

【答案】B

【解析】句意： 因为许多树和森林的消失，狼将失去生命。lose one’s life失去生命；because后跟句子，空格后没有谓语动词，故排除A、C；will+动词原形，故排除C，根据句意故选B。

2.I went back not                the rain, but                 I was tired.

A.because; because of B.because; because C.because of; because D.because of; because of

【答案】C

【解析】句意：我回来不是因为下雨，而是因为我很累。考查because的用法。because，因为，是一个连词。because专门用于回答why提出的问题，后常接句子；because of表示由于、因为，后接名词、代词、动名词。rain作名词讲时，表示雨水，下雨的天气；作动词时，表示下雨。前半句中the rain是一个名词短语，空白处要用because of；后半句中I was tired是一个句子，此处要选用because，故答案为C。

3.I didn’t go to the party not          the weather, but         I didn’t feel well.

A.because of; because B.because; because of

C.because of; because of D.because; because

【答案】A

【解析】本题考查because of 和because的用法。句意：“我去参加聚会不是因为天气原因，而是因为我感觉不舒服。”，because of + 短语/名词/代词/v.ing；because + 句子。“the weather”名词，故用because of；“I didn’t feel well.”完整句子，故用because，故选A。

4.________ we must keep away from the COVID-19(新冠病毒）, this spring we had to study at home .

A.Or B.So C.As D.But

【答案】C

【解析】句意：今年春天，我们不得不在家学习，因为我们必须远离新冠病毒。考查连词。or或者；so因此；as因为；but但是；空格前后句是因果关系，属于“前果后因”结构，应用because引导原因状语从句，故选C。

二. Why do people think highly of Tan's music?

【精讲】① highly adv.高度地,高地(表示程度或表达抽象意义,修饰形容词时,相当于“很,非常”)

It’s highly possible that it is going to rain.很有可能天要下雨

speak highly of高度赞扬 think highly of高度评价,很欣赏

praise sb./sth. highly高度赞扬

Eg. The teacher who is strict with students was thought highly of by the principal

那位对学生严格要求的老师受到校长的高度评价

2 high adv.高地(表示高度) ) jump high跳地高

③ high adj.高的 a high building

④ height n,高度Eg. He is 1.75 metres in height=He is 1.75 metres tall.

The coach thinks ________ of Mary’s sports talents, for she jumped very _______ at the sports meeting.

A.high; high B.highly; high C.high; highly D.highly; highly

【答案】B

【解析】

句意：教练高度评价玛丽的体育天赋，因为她在运动会上跳得很高。考查副词。在此句中high和highly都是副词，两者均可表示“高”但high通常表示具体的高，且主要修饰动词； highly主要表示很高的程度，意为“高度地，非常地”，可修饰动词speak，praise，think of等，结合句意“教练高度评价玛丽的体育天赋，因为她在运动会上跳得很高。”可知，第一个空用highly，第二个空用high，故选B。

三．last  

【精讲】last作为动词用法

1.持续；继续；延续

The meeting only lasted for a few minutes. 会议只开了几分钟。

Each game lasts about an hour. 每场比赛约一小时。 

How long does the play last? 那出戏要演多长时间？ 

2. 继续存在；持续起作用；持久

This weather won't last. 这种天气持续不了多久。 

He's making a big effort now, and I hope it lasts. 现在他正加紧努力，我希望他能坚持下去。 

These shoes should last you till next year. 你这双鞋应该能穿到明年。 

3.（在困境等中）坚持下去；超越（困境等）

She won't last long in that job. 她那份工作干不了多久。 

How long _______ the celebrations for Mid-autumn Festival _______?

A.did…lasted B.does…last

C.do…lasts D.do…last

【答案】D

【解析】

询问中秋节的庆祝时间是一个客观事实，用一般现在时，排除A，然后真正的主语是celebrations是复数，助动词要用do，排除B，在特殊疑问句里，前面有助动词了，后面的动词要用原形，故选D。在这里last作动词表示持续。

【基础练习】

一．单项选择。

1. The scientist was ___________ with the medal ___________ his achievements in the field.

A.presented；because of B.protected；because 

C.prepared；because of                     D.provided；because

【答案】A

【解析】句意：这位科学家因在该领域的成就而被授予奖章。考查动词辨析和介词短语。先看第二个空，because是连词，后面接原因状语从句，because of是介词短语，后面接名词或名词短语。第二个空格后面是名词achievements，故应填入because of，B、D选项可排除。presented颁发、授予；protected保护；prepared准备；provided提供。根据句意可知，第一个空格处应填入意为“授予”的单词，A选项符合句意，故选A。

2.–– Why did you look so __________ when you saw Tom?

––Oh, it’s almost ten years _________ we met last time.

A.excited; since     B. exciting; after

C. excitedly; since   D. excited; since

【答案】D

【解析】句意：—你看到汤姆时为什么如此的激动？—哦，自从我们上次上次见面几乎10年了。根据句意及题干分析第一空修饰人应该用excited；第二空是“自从”，所以用since，故选D。

3.In China, we always use red paper for Hongbao ________ red means luck.

A.until B.if C.although D.because

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在中国，我们总是用红纸做红包，因为红色意味着幸运。考查连词辨析。until 直到；if 如果；although 尽管；because 因为。根据题干“we always use red paper for Hongbao…red means luck”，可知前后是因果关系，后句表原因，设空处需填连词 because。故选D。

4.Every student thinks ______ of Mr Song, who sings ______ praises for every success the students have got.

A.high, high B.highly, highly C.highly, high D.high, highly

【答案】C

【解析】句意：每个学生都高度评价宋先生，他对学生获得的每一次的成功都给予高度赞扬。本题第一空用副词highly修饰动词thinks; 第二空用形容词high修饰名词praises。故选C。

5. Don’t be nervous. Please          deep         , and then answer my questions.

A.take a; breathe B.take a; breath C.breathe; breath D.blow; breath

【答案】B

【解析】句意：不要紧张。请做深呼吸。然后回答我的问题。blow吹；这里是祈使句，动词原形开头。短语take a deep breath表示做深呼吸；排除CD；breathe是动词，呼吸。排除A。根据题意，故选B。

6.The victim hurried into the police station and was _______________ at this time last night.

A.in the breathe B.out of breath

C.at the breathe D.a deep breath

【答案】B

【解析】由The victim hurried into the police station ...受害人慌忙进入警察局，可知后句应是“上气不接下气”。out of breath 上气不接下气，所以答案是B。

7.It was her ___________ performance, but the memory was ____________.

A.last; lasting    B.last; lasted     C.lasted; lasting    D.lasted; last

【答案】A

【解析】句意：这是她的最后一次表演，但记忆在持续着。Last用作形容词，最后，上一次，最近一次，最后一次；用作动词，持续。所以选A。

8.We often give up chances of success ________ we are afraid to lose.

A.although B.but C.because D.so that

【答案】C

【解析】句意：我们经常因为害怕失去而放弃成功的机会。考查连词辨析。although虽然；but但是；because因为；so that以便。“we are afraid to lose”是“We often give up chances of success”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故选C。

二. 根据语境，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. People think ________ (high) of Lu Xun’s works.

2. You had better not ________ (make) the decision by yourself.

3. The operation ________ (last) for five hours and Doctor Li felt very tired after it.

4. He likes to stand near the window and hear the sound of the ________ (blow) wind.

5. The film was so interesting that none of us got ________ (bore).

【答案】1. highly   2. make  3. lasted   4. blowing    5. bored

【能力拓展】

一、完型填空

    There was a king who loved art very much. One day a(n)    1    came and said, “Oh, give me a blank (空白的) wall in your palace and let me    2    a picture on it. It will be more beautiful than anything you have ever seen before.” The king happened to have a big new hall. So he    3    the artist to work on one of the walls.

At the same time, another artist came and said, “Oh, King! Please allow me to work on the    4    wall. I shall make exactly what that man makes on the wall    5    looking at his work,” The king decided to give this young man a chance.

The following day they began to work. The first artist brought in some common things, like paint, oil, water and so on. The second one came with a    6    and a bucket (桶).

A month later, they both finished the works. The king went to    7    the first artist’s wall. It was great. He was    8    with it and gave the artist a lot of money. He went to the second man, the same painting was on the opposite wall. The king was quite satisfied and gave him double money. However, he    9    how the second man had made it.

“I just polished the wall with the cloth,” the man said. The wall was made of white marble (大理石). He made it shine like a mirror. The reflection (倒影) of the first painting showed up on it!

It is said the    10    is a reflection of you, too. If you are sad, the world will be sad. If you are happy, the world will be happy.

1.A.musician B.artist C.server D.actress

2.A.put B.copy C.paint D.get

3.A.allowed B.realized C.warned D.decided

4.A.same B.similar C.opposite D.common

5.A.with B.under C.upon D.without

6.A.mirror B.cloth C.stick D.pencil

7.A.see B.touch C.research D.cover

8.A.busy B.cross C.popular D.pleased

9.A.knew B.noticed C.wondered D.agreed

10.A.story B.world C.king D.painter

【答案】

1-5 BCACD      6-10 BADCB

【文章大意】

文章大意：本文通过两位艺术家在墙壁上作画的故事，告诉我们：其实世界就是你的一个映象，如果你是快乐的，世界就是快乐的；如果你是悲伤的，那么世界就是悲伤的了。

【解析】

1.句意：有一天，一位艺术家过来说。musician音乐家；artist艺术家；server伺候者；actress女演员。根据下文“So he … the artist to work on one of the walls.”可知此处应是说一位艺术家过来说，故选B。

2.句意：哦，在你的宫殿里给我一堵空白的墙，让我在上面画一幅画。put放；copy复制；paint绘画；get得到。根据题干中的“a picture on it”，以及下文“The first artist brought in some common things, like paint, oil, water and so on.”这位艺术家带了油漆、油画颜料、水等东西，可知是要在墙上画画，用paint符合题意，故选C。

3.句意：所以他允许艺术家在其中一面墙上作画。allowed允许；realized意识到；warned警告；decided决定。根据上文“give me a blank (空白的) wall in your palace and let me … a picture on it.”艺术家请求在空白的墙上作画，结合下文语境，可知此处应是说国王允许了，用allowed符合题意，故选A。

4.句意：噢，国王!请允许我在对面的墙上作画。same相同的；similar相似的；opposite对面的；common普通的。根据下文“the same painting was on the opposite wall.”同样的画就在对面的墙上，可知此处应是说请允许我在对面的墙上作画，故选C。

5.句意：我将在不看那个人的作品的情况下在墙上做出和他做的完全一样的东西。with具有；under在……下面；upon在……之上；without无、不、没有。根据下文“The reflection (倒影) of the first painting showed up on it!”第一幅画倒影在了大理石墙面上，由此可知第二位艺术家不需要看第一位艺术家的作品就能做到，用without符合题意，故选D。

6.句意：第二位艺术家带来了一块布和一个桶。mirror镜子；cloth布；stick棍；pencil铅笔。根据下文“I just polished the wall with the cloth,”我只是用布擦亮了墙，可知第二位艺术带来了布，故选B。

7.句意：国王去看第一位艺术家的那面墙。see看见；touch触摸；research研究；cover覆盖。根据下文“It was great. He was … with it and gave the artist a lot of money.”可知国王是去看了第一位艺术家的画，用see符合题意，故选A。

8.句意：他很满意，给了这位艺术家很多钱。busy忙碌的；cross生气的；popular受欢迎的；pleased满意的。根据题干中的“gave the artist a lot of money.”给了这位艺术家很多钱，可知国王对第一位艺术家的画很满意，用be pleased with sth.表示“对……很满意”，故选D。

9.句意：然而，他想知道第二个人是如何做到的。knew知道；noticed注意到；wondered想知道；agreed同意。根据下文第二位艺术家解释自己是如何做到的，可推知此处应是国王想知道第二个人是如何做到的，用wondered符合题意，故选C。

10.句意：据说世界也是你的一个映象。story故事；world世界；king国王；painter画家。根据下文“If you are sad, the world will be sad. If you are happy, the world will be happy.”可知此处是说世界是你的一个映象，故选B。