广东省广州市越秀区2022-2023学年高一下学期期末统考英语试题(无答案)

这是一份广东省广州市越秀区2022-2023学年高一下学期期末统考英语试题(无答案)，共8页。

2022学年第二学期学业水平调研测试
高一年级英语试卷
本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
2023.7
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用2B铅笔填涂答题卡上的相应位置。因不考听力，试卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3.回答非选择题时，必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔或涂改液。写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
When places are well-known and popular— historical and modem alike— we might take it for granted that they’ll be around forever. But sadly, many of the world’s best known and culturally significant landmarks are in trouble.
Mount Kilimanjaro’s peak
This mountain, one of the Seven Summits, proves that even giants can fall to climate change due to the vast amounts of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. While the mountain itself, located in Tanzania, isn’t in danger at present, its iconic snow cap might disappear—and shockingly soon. Research found that the snow cap had lost 85% of the total area of its ice fields between 1912 and 2007, and the remaining ice could be history as early as 2030.
Machu Picchu
Located in southern Peru, Machu Picchu is the remains of a huge stone castle that was built during the 15th century. These unbelievable Incan ruins are widely considered one of the must-see spots in South America. However, the site has been a victim of over-tourism, seeing the harmful effects of the crowds it gets as they wear down the structures. In addition, the area surrounding Machu Picchu has seen rapid development of the cities, as well as mudslides and fires, in recent years, leading UNESCO to work for its protection.
Everglades National Park
This stunning Floridian wildlife reserve has sadly found itself fighting for its life in recent years. As ‘the largest subtropical wilderness reserve’ in North America, according to UNESCO, it’s been a beloved travel destination for American citizens for decades, but the damage of time and human activity have not been kind to it. Its survival first came into question after it was destroyed by Hurricane Andrew in 1993. But it’s human influence that has become the primary threat, as water flow to the site has decreased and the impacts of pollution have increased, resulting in harmful algal blooms (赤潮). Its vast, diverse wildlife is more threatened than ever before.
21. Which problem does Mount Kilimanjaro face?
A. Global warming B. City development.
C. Over-tourism D. Ice pollution.
22. What do these three places have in common?
A. They are the impacts of pollution and mudslides.
B. They are destroyed severely due to over-tourism.
C. They are famous but affected by human activities.
D. They are considered as victims of global warming.
23. V/hat is threatened by human activity in Everglades National Park?
A. Lack of popularity. B. Hurricane Andrew.
C. Algal blooms. D. Diverse wildlife.
B
People have always had trouble pronouncing his name. The 19th-century British prime minister Benjamin Disraeli was once laughed at in Parliament for getting it wrong. If you don’t speak German, it’s not at all obvious how you are supposed to say it. A safe bet is to start with a hard ‘g’ on ‘Ger...’ and end with a ‘ter’: Ger-ter.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe has often been seen as one of Europe’s big cultural heroes— comparable to the likes of Shakespeare, Dante and Homer. He was excellent in a wide range of areas: he wrote many poems, was a huge hit as a novelist and made scientific contributions in physiology, geology and botany. He was also a diplomat, fashion guru (专家), a senior civil servant, the head of a university, a fine artist, an adventurous traveller, the director of a theatre company and the head of a mining company.
During his life, Goethe’s admirers were impressed by his literary works. But more than any of his books, what impressed people at the time was how he lived his life, the kind of person he was. The life was more significant than the books (which helps explain why, unlike Jane Austen or Marcel Proust, his literary works are relatively unknown).
Goethe was born in the city of Frankfurt in 1749. His family was comfortably off—it was new money, made from keeping an inn.
Goethe’s parents took great care with his schooling: he was mainly educated at home; he wrote poetry for his friends, took art classes, and learned Italian. He went to the theatre a lot and became friends with actors. As a member of the upper class, he wore a sword in public from the age of 12.
Goethe studied at the University of Leipzig and later did a master’s degree in law at the University of Strasbourg. He often went to a viewing platform high up on a nearby cathedral tower. He was afraid of heights. But he made himself do it because he liked to overcome difficulties—and loved the view.
24. Why was Benjamin Disraeli laughed at in Parliament?
A. He pronounced his own name wrongly.
B. He didn’t know how to speak German.
C. He couldn’t say Goethe’s name correctly.
D. He once wrote Goethe as Ger-ter mistakenly.
25. What is special about Goethe, compared to Shakespeare, Dante and Homer?
A. He did well in a variety of fields.
B. He was a British big cultural hero.
C. He was one of the literature masters.
D. He wrote numerous novels and poems.
26. What can we know about Goethe?
A. Goethe ran an inn with comfortable rooms by himself.
B. Goethe’s parents devoted themselves to his education.
C. Goethe’s literary works impressed people most at his time.
D. Goethe belonged to the upper class due to his royal family.
27. Which can best describe Goethe’s personality?
A. Cautious and famous. B. Selfless and confident.
C. Honest and generous. D. Brave and intelligent.
C
The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is the first large-scale sea crossing transportation project under China’s “One Country, Two Systems” policy. Jointly constructed by Guangdong, Fong Kong, and Macao, the bridge is a mega sea crossing system linking Hong Kong, Zhuhai, and Macao.
The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is the longest, most difficult to construct, and the highest- standard cross-sea transportation project in China’s history. It is regarded as the “Qomolangma” of the bridge industry. The bridge is also part of the C4 Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway and G94 Pearl River Delta Ring Expressway within China’s national expressway network.
The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge starts at Lantau Island in Hong Kong, passes through Tai O, crosses the Pearl River Estuary (河口), and its Y-shaped section at the end connects Zhuhai and Macao. The total length of the bridge is 55 km. Its sea section is around 35. 578 km long while its underwater tunnel stretches 6. 75 km. The construction cost of the bridge exceeded 100 billion yuan. It was jointly funded by the central government and the governments of Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao, which will collect tolls on the bridge for 50 years.
There were many updated technologies in the construction and installation of the Hong Kong- Zhuhai-Macao Bridge. The project also made multiple breakthroughs in infrastructure (基础设施) construction in which the government cooperated with domestic and foreign companies. These experiences will be useful for the Chinese government in the construction of future large-scale engineering projects.
As China continues to advance the Belt and Road Initiative, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge will offer new force to the economy of the region. The bridge will increase the attractiveness and influence of Zhuhai, promote the cooperation of Hong Kong, Zhuhai, and Macao in logistics, tourism, and other industries, and drive the economic and social integration of Hong Kong, Macao, and Zhuhai. It will also help strengthen the ties between the three places and facilitate the development of the Guangdong-Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area, which is strategically important to the Belt and Road Initiative.
28. What is the meaning of the underlined word “mega” in Paragrah 1?
A. diverse B. great C. broad D. rare
29. Why is “Qomolangma” mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A. It shows the bridge is very famous in the world.
B. It indicates the bridge is very high above the sea.
C. It suggests the difficulties in constructing the bridge.
D. It stresses its importance in the national development.
30. What is the significance of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge?
A. It has the longest underwater part of the bridge in the world.
B. It strengthens the development and bond of these three places.
C. It has helped the government earn over 100 billion yuan so far.
D. It is the only one of the large-scale engineering projects by China.
31. Which column can you find this passage in?
A. Science & Technology. B. Geography & Travel.
C. Education & Career. D. Economy & Finance.
D
Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia (痴呆) increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably needn’t worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.
After age 50, it’s quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and thing quickly, says Dr. Smith of Brigham and Woman’s Hospital in Boston.
The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink (萎缩), especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels (血管) narrow.
Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don’t re member even seeing it, that’s far more concerning, Smith says.
When you forget entire experiences, he says, that’s “a red flag that something more serious may be involved.” Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.
But even then, Dr. Smith says, people shouldn’t panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications like antidepressants.
You don’t have to figure this out on your own. Dr. Smith suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain’s cognitive (认知的) reserve, Dr. Smith says.
“Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways,” he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain booster (助推器).
32. Why is it common for the aged to experience memory loss?
A. The related parts of brain get aged and smaller.
B. The communication of brain regions is stopped.
C. The brain cells of memory change their positions.
D. The slow blood flows result in narrow blood vessels.
33. What can we do to fight against the memory loss?
A. Check health problems in the hospital.
B. Take medicine to regain your brain cells.
C. Take part in physical and mental activities.
D. Build up a completely new cognitive region.
34. Which of the situation warns us to see a doctor?
A. John doesn’t know how to operate a new printer.
B. Anne has forgotten her usual way to the park near home.
C. Jack can’t remember the name of an actor in a soup opera.
D. Ammy is confused with her friends’ addresses ocassionally.
35. What is the best title of the text?
A. What Causes Memory Loss B. Have You Lost Thinking Ability
C. How Does Brain Booster Work D. Have You Really Got Dementia
第二节(共5小题，每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You Are a Better Person Than You Think You Are
Maybe you haven’t achieved goals in a self-appointed time frame. 36 But this doesn’t mean you are a bad person or a failure. You could indeed be a wonderful individual. You could actually be a much better person than you believe you are. So, let’s examine the idea that you might be better than you think.
You show kindness
Being polite and kind is the mark of a good person. When you do this, you are treating others like you would want to be treated. 37 Even the smallest of things do not go unnoticed and are traits that you have a good heart.
You are a positive person
Keeping an optimistic attitude is also a trait of a good person with a powerful character. It is easy to become negative with all the bad things going on in the world, but there’s another way to look at these things. When you’re actually better than you think, you will have the habit of looking on the bright side of every situation and seeing the best in everyone. 38
39
Being wise is not about being intelligent. It’s about learning from life experiences. Why does this make you a better person than you think? Wisdom can be passed to others to help them avoid the same mistakes you made. You are a good person if you’ve collected wisdom and love to share lessons with others.
So, go easy on yourself. Appreciate who you are. If there are things you need to change, that’s okay. 40 It’s about our attitude and our heart. I bet, if you took the time to read this, you are a better person than you think.
A. You give honest comments.
B. It’s just all about showing optimism.
C. We all have problems and imperfections.
D. You are wise, and you share your wisdom.
E. Maybe you have made many mistakes as well.
F. Respecting others and their space shows adulthood, which is a sign of a truly good person.
G. This may include opening doors for others or picking up change for people in front of you at the checkout line.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
There was something in the elderly woman’s behavior that caught my eye. Although. 41 gestures, the woman moved steadily (平稳地), and there was no hesitation in her gestures. She was as 42 as anyone else, as her movements suggested. And she had a job to do.
The old woman left from her 43 son and began to tick through the DVDs on the nearest shelf. After the slightest hesitation, I 44 and asked if I could help her find something. The woman smiled up at me and showed me a title written on a piece of paper. The title was unusual and a bit difficult to understand. 45 a person looking for it knew something about movies, and had a special taste of it.
Rather than rushing off to locate the DVD for the woman, I asked her to walk with me so I could show her where she could 46 it. I think I wanted to enjoy her 47 for a moment. Something about her deliberate movements 48 me of my own mother, who had passed away last year.
We found the 49 , and I praised her on her choice. She smiled and told me it was one she had enjoyed when she was her son’s age and that she hoped he would enjoy it as much as she had. “Maybe,” she said, with a little bit 50 , “he could enjoy it with his own young children.”
I showed the old woman the way to the queue at the cash register. When the older woman’s 51 in line came, she paid in cash, counting out the dollars and coins with the same 52 she’d displayed earlier.
I walked over to the old woman’s son and told him to 53 her, because when she’s gone, it’s the little moments that’ll come back. It’s true. I 54 my mom still and remembered the moments when I’d used my impatience to make her 55 .
41. A. slow B. friendly C. shameful D. graceful
42. A. pretty B. delighted C. painful D. good
43. A. busy B. impatient C. delightful D. helpful
44. A. stood up B. stepped back C. walked over D. went around
45. A. Clearly B. Generally C. Eventually D. Frequently
46. A. hear B. write C. find D. choose
47. A. praise B. company C. movement D. literature
48. A. informed B. warned C. freed D. reminded
49. A. movie B. song C. choice D. title
50. A. anxiety B. sadness C. pride D. determination
51. A. opportunity B. ride C. change D. turn
52. A. taste B. beauty C. sureness D. satisfaction
53. A. treasure B. reward C. benefit D. tend
54. A. helped B. thanked C. missed D. phoned
55. A. strict B. upset C. scared D. unique
第二节(共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
People visited Haikou, capital city of South China’s Hainan province to experience the city’s Qilou culture on a “A Date with China” international media tour on Monday.
Historical Qilou, or sotto portico, 56 is well-preserved in Haikou city, is a kind of Nanyang-style arcade building 57 a strong mix of Chinese and Western architectural features. The east-meet-west architectural style has made 58 one of the most unique street landscapes in the city, with over 600 59 (exist) sotto portico buildings in 12 streets.
The sotto portico building 60 (have) a columned and covered porch available to all pedestrians. It functions as a sidewalk during 61 (rain), which are frequent because of the tropical climate. The space can also be used by stores to put products 62 (attract) customers.
The oldest sotto portico building of the city, Sipailou, 63 (build) in the Southern Song Dynasty and has 64 history of more than 700 years.
The sotto portico old streets in Haikou, in the process of historical development, condense many cultural connotations, such as Haikou’s folk culture, Nanyang culture, Confucian culture and so on. At the same time, various 65 (tradition) folk arts have taken root and grown here.
第四部分 写作(共三节，满分40分)
第一节 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
根据所给单词的中文释义，结合句意，写出所需单词的正确形式。
66. We need to ______ (道歉) for the delay to your flight today.
67. They were bitterly ______ (失望的) at the result of the game.
68. The ______ (大多数) of people around here are music lovers and gather every week.
69. A bicycle is often more ______ (方便的) than a car in towns.
70. She is ______ (有决心的) to carry on with her education.
71. Much to my ______ (宽慰), the car was not seriously damaged.
72. She got closer to me and ______ (耳语) something in my ear.
73. She ______ (受益) a lot by daily exercises and is in good health now.
74. It had been a success far ______ (超过) their expectations.
75. We have to set a time ______ (限制) for the work and waste no time.
第二节 (共15个空；每个空1分，满分15分)
根据所给的汉语提示，补全下列句子，使其句意完整，结构准确。每条横线的空格上限填一词。
76. 除了崎岖的道路之外，恶劣的天气增加了我们爬山的苦难。
______ ______ ______ the rough road, the bad weather added to our difficulties of climbing the mountain
77. 重要的是，我们所有人都要牢记真正的目标。
The important thing is for all of us to ______ ______ ______ the real goal
78. 他创办了这一慈善事业以纪念他已故的妻子。
He founded the charity ______ ______ ______ his late wife
79. 通过努力，很快我就取得了很大进步，赶上了班里的其他人。
With my effort. I ______ ______ ______ soon and caught up with others in my class.
80. 最初的地震之后发生了一系列余震。
The initial earthquake was followed by ______ ______ ______ aftershocks
第三节 (满分15分)
假定你是李华。你的英国朋友 Anne 对中国春节的传统活动“年廿八洗邋遢”很感兴趣，请你再给 Anne 的回信中介绍“年廿八洗邋遢”的意义和活动内容，并邀请她来中国。
参考词汇：年廿八 December 28 of the lunar calendar
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可适当拓展细节。
Dear Anne,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua