广东省广州市越秀区2022-2023学年高二下学期期末统考英语试题(无答案)

这是一份广东省广州市越秀区2022-2023学年高二下学期期末统考英语试题(无答案)，共9页。

2022学年第二学期学业水平调研测试
高二年级英语试卷
本试卷共10页，全卷满分为120分。考试用时120分钟。
2023.7
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用2B铅笔填涂答题卡上的相应位置。因不考听力，试卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3.回答非选择题时，必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔或涂改液。写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
RINSE AND REPEAT
The water used by your household can then do double duty on a lawn or garden. Welcome to grey water recycling.
Water’s not black and white: There’s a grey zone. What goes down the drain after showers, toothbrushing, or laundry is called grey water (in contrast to black water which goes down the toilet). You wouldn’t drink it, but your plants can.
California-based Greywater Action runs workshops on reusing rainwater and drain water. Not all locations allow it, but in those that do, it’s relatively simple to set up. Here are some basics.
The easy solution
Projects that reuse grey water range from the professional to the DIY: a laundry-to-landscape system that can be made over a weekend with a few hundred dollars in parts. Install a diverter valve (分流阀) on the pipe of your washing machine. After a cycle, guide used water out through a PVC pipe to plantings.
Storage and use
Use a grey water project to rethink your landscape, suggests Greywater Action co-founder Laura Allen. Start with reducing typically thirsty lawns and then add climate-appropriate trees, bushes, and ground cover. Besides, grey water smells if it’s not used right now. Allen also advises flushing (冲洗) storage tanks daily.
Work the laws
If your city or state regulations ban the use of grey water, ask to have them reviewed. Diverting grey water can help conventional wastewater treatment systems last longer and reduce peak flow into channels. Also, it isn’t “grey” until it goes down a drain. So catch water that falls as the shower warms in a five-gallon container, then use it in your toilet tank or garden.
21. What does the text focus on?
A. Why grey water smells. B. Why grey water exists.
C. How grey water can be reused. D. How grey water can be reduced.
22. What can we know about grey water in the text?
A. Water flushed by the toilet is grey water.
B. The facilities must be installed by professionals.
C. Grey water should be used immediately to prevent smells.
D. The storage tanks have to be carefully washed once a week.
23. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. A magazine. B. An advertisement. C. A research paper. D. A biology textbook.
B
On July 2, 1937, Amelia Earhart and Fred Noonan left Lae, New Guinea for Howland Island in the Pacific. This was without a doubt the longest and most dangerous part of their trip around the world. Earhart had trouble shortly after takeoff. The weather was stormy, so she had to fly at approximately 3,000 meters. Going this high the plane used up gas quickly.
After about 20 hours, Earhart and Noonan approached Howland Island. The island was only about a hundred kilometers away at this point, but the bright sun was shining in their faces, so they couldn’t see it. Near Howland, a ship—the Itasca—was waiting. Earhart contacted the ship: “Gas is low,” she said. The Itasca tried to maintain contact with her, but it got no response. Finally, the Itasca called for help. People searched for Earhart and Noonan for days. Despite great efforts, they found nothing.
What happened to Amelia Earhart? No one knows for sure. During the flight, she likely headed in the wrong direction because the sun was bright and it was hard to see. Perhaps she and Noonan got lost somewhere over the Pacific. Soon after, her plane ran out of gas, and she crashed into the sea. Another idea is that Earhart might have landed on a nearby, uninhabited island called Nikumaroro, where she later died. Researchers recently brought bone-sniffing dogs to the island, though, and no human bones were found. A more extreme theory is that Earhart flew the plane to Marshall Island and later secretly returned to the United States under a new name.
The first theory seems most likely. However, none of these ideas has been proven. Today, people are still investigating Earhart’s and Noonan’s disappearance. Whatever happened, Earhart probably died as she wished, “When I go,” she once said, “I’d like best to go in my plane.”
24. Why was the flight to Howland Island so difficult to Earhart and Noonan?
A. The trip was most dangerous in the world.
B. The flight contained a height of 3,000 meters.
C. Earhart and Noonan were inexperienced pilots.
D. Howland Island was far away from New Guinea.
25. What happened shortly after Earhart and Noonan took off from New Guinea?
A. They were forced to fly higher because of a storm.
B. The sun was too bright to see so Earhart lost direction.
C. The Itasca got no response from them and lost their contact.
D. Their plane soon ran out of gasoline so it crashed into the sea.
26. How is Paragraph 3 developed?
A. By giving examples. B. By listing assumptions.
C. By making contrast. D. By providing cause and effect.
27. What is the passage mainly about?
A. A failed trip to explore Howland Island.
B. A mysterious disappearance of two pilots.
C. A difficult investigation of a missing plane.
D. Two women heroic pilots and their last flight.
C
Seafood that never sees the sea
Although 80% of the world’s seafood comes from marine harvests, there is a major shift underway toward aquaculture (水产业) now. Nearly 40% of salmon marketed today is raised in fish farms, compared with 6% a decade ago. Almost 35% of all oysters are produced in farm environments, along with 65% of freshwater fish. “The fact that world seafood supplies continue to increase at all is due almost entirely to the phenomenal growth in aquaculture,” says Anne Platt McGinn, a research associate at the Worldwatch Institute.
Biotechnology is contributing to high-yield aquaculture through transgenics—the transfer of genes from one species to another. Researchers introduce advantageous genetic features into fish, creating stronger stocks. For example, some species of fish have a protein that allows them to live in Arctic waters. By transplanting this “anti-freeze” gene into other species, researchers have created more fish that can survive in extremely cold water. Biotechnologists are attempting to improve a wide range of genetic features in fish used for aquaculture, developing fish that are larger and faster-growing, more efficient in changing feed into muscle, more tolerant of low oxygen levels in water, and better able to resist disease.
While aquaculture produces a reliable source of protein, there are a lot of environmental problems in the industry, claims McGinn. Perhaps the biggest concern is water pollution. Fish waste and uneaten food accumulate at farm sites and can float directly downstream into water supplies. McGinn charges that aquaculture also uses resources inefficiently. Fish farms need protein feed, and about 17% of ocean fish, an overharvested wild resource, becomes food for farm-raised fish. “An estimated five kilograms of oceanic fish reduced into fish meal are required to raise one kilogram of farmed ocean fish or shrimp, representing a large net protein loss,” says McGinn.
Fish farming does not have to be an inefficient or polluting industry. McGinn predicts that many consumers will choose sustainably produced fish in the future, just as they prefer dolphin-free tuna (金枪鱼) today.
28. What can we infer from Paragraph 1?
A. Nearly 80% of the world’s seafood is sourced from marine harvests.
B. The aquaculture undergoes minor changes within the recent decade.
C. Most of the seafood people consume are supplied by fish farms today.
D. The increase in aquaculture brings about the rise of world seafood supplies.
29. How do biotechnologists promote the high production of seafood?
A. They create even larger and faster-growing fish.
B. They make use of the technology of transgenics.
C. They introduce a variety of genetic features in fish.
D. They transplant “anti-freeze” genes into other species.
30. What is one of the problems caused by present seafood industry?
A. It fails to provide a reliable source of protein.
B. It reduces the wild resource for farm-raised fish.
C. It leads to the over-consumption of oceanic fish.
D. It causes great water pollution downstream only.
31. What does McGinn mean by saying “just as they prefer dolphin-free tuna today”?
A. Aquaculture is a very serious polluting industry.
B. Fish farming can be improved to be eco-friendly.
C. Most consumers are against the present fish farming.
D. Dolphin-free tuna is consumers’ favourite fish meal.
D
If you think search engines powered by artificial intelligence provide you with useful-sounding answers, it is more likely that you are wrong, researchers have found. “In these current systems, accuracy is negatively related to perceived usefulness,” says Nelson at Stanford University. “The things that look better end up being worse.”
Microsoft is just one of many companies offering AI-powered search tools, which generate results in digestible paragraphs that cite other websites rather than simply returning a list of links. To investigate these tools, Nelson and his colleagues fed 1,450 popular searches into Bing Chat and other such tools, including NeevaAI and PerplexityAI. These questions included examples such as “What are the latest technological discoveries?” The team then asked people to rate whether the content used as citations (引文) in the results actually supported the statements made by the AIs.
According to this assessment, only 75% of citations supported the sentences they were attached to, and only 52% of statements were supported by citations at all. “That means the rest either have no citations, or they are just wrong.” says Nelson.
The researchers also asked people to rate fluency of response and how useful they seemed, and discovered a negative correspondence. For every 0.1 increase in fluency ratings, the precision decreased by 10.6%.
Aravind Srinlvas, a co-founder of PerplexityAI, says he welcomes the study. “The results are similar to the work the company has conducted, and improvements are possible. Never judge an upcoming technology by what it is today, but rather by the potential for what it can be in the future,” he says. But Nelson isn’t sure whether AI-powered search is the right approach. “I’m a little mixed on whether such search tools should be rolled into systems,” he says.
32. How did Nelson’s team examine the AI-powered search tools?
A. They interviewed different experts on this field.
B. They invited Bing Chat users to rate the content.
C. They compared the results of different companies.
D. They input commonly searched questions into the tools.
33. Why did Nelson’s team conduct the study on AI-powered engines?
A. To offer sources and citations. B. To demonstrate their potentials.
C. To highlight their positive aspects. D. To test their accuracy and fluency.
34. What is Aravind Srinlvas’s attitude towards the future of AI-powered engines?
A. Optimistic. B. Intolerant. C. Skeptical. D. Wait-and-see.
35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. AI Is Coming to Search Engines
B. How to Live with Artificial Intelligence
C. Can We Trust AI-Powered Search Engine
D. Microsoft Adopts AI-Powered Search Engine
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Writing poetry can seem frightening if you do not feel you are naturally creative. But with the right inspiration and approach, you can also write a poem that you can be proud to share with others in class or with your friends.
◆ 36 You can start your poem by focusing on a particular subject or concept that you find fascinating. This can give your poem a clear goal or objective. For example, you may decide to write a poem around the theme of “love and friendship.”
◆Choose a poetic form. Get your creative juices flowing by picking a form for your poem. There are many different poetic forms that you can use, from free verse to sonnet. 37 Choose one and stick to that structure so your reader feels connected to your poem.
◆Use concrete imagery. Avoid abstract imagery and go for concrete descriptions in your poem. You should always try to describe something using the five senses: smell, taste, touch, sight, and sound. Using concrete imagery will immerse your reader in the world of your poem. 38
◆Include literary devices. Literary devices like metaphor and simile add variety and depth to your poetry. 39 Try to use some throughout your poem, varying them so you do not use only metaphors or only similes in your writing.
◆Read the poem out loud. Once you have completed a draft of the poem, you should read it aloud to yourself. 40 Pay attention to how each line of your poem flows into the next. Keep a pen close by so you can mark any lines or words that sound awkward.
A. Pick a specific theme or idea.
B. Notice how the words sound on the page.
C. You may go for some that you find easy to use.
D. And it will also make images come alive for them.
E. Using them can make your poem stand out to your readers.
F. Decide poems written in the same poetic form you are interested in.
G. You should also share your poem with other poets to get feedback from them.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Andrew McLindon is a businessman and cyclist. About 15 years ago, he was 41 his bike in Austin, Texas, when he thought about a friend’s 12-year-old son. The boy had 42 known the joy of biking because he suffered from hydrocephalus (脑积水), which often causes 43 disturbances.
When he got home, McLindon went online and found a three-wheel 44 with a seatbelt, perfect for a child with balance issues. Soon the boy was pedaling around the street with his peers, having 45 and getting exercise. But there was more, as McLindon received feedback from his friend. “To see his son 46 other kids,” McLindon says. “I’ll never forget the smile on his face.”
That 47 launched the McLindon Family Foundation. 48 by donations, the group works with pediatric rehab (儿童康复中心) clinics to find children who can 49 owning an adaptive bike—and to help craft each bike to the particular needs of the child. A bike may 50 a headrest, a sea t belt, braking mechanism in the back, and so on. The bikes are 51 —$3,000 to $4,000, and that’s already with the foundation’s big discount. For kids lucky enough to get one, they’re a life 52 .
“We worked with a 14-year-old who has spina bifida (脊柱裂),” says McLindon. “She spent most days on the couch watching TV. Soon after she got her bike, she 53 for special-needs triathlons: swimming, cycling, and running. In a magazine interview, she said, ‘I always knew there was a(n) 54 in me.’” So far, the foundation has given away 450 bikes, and that’s just a start. “I do a lot of things. I run a lot of companies,” McLindon says. “ 55 getting these kids their bikes is the most important thing that I do.”
41. A. selling B. repairing C. riding D. advertising
42. A. already B. never C. seldom D. almost
43. A. balance B. memory C. sleep D. mood
44. A. car B. cart C. vehicle D. bike
45. A. words B. fun C. sport D. lessons
46. A. talk with B. test out C. call on D. interact with
47. A. sentence B. comment C. action D. smile
48. A. Funded B. Planned C. Held D. Organized
49. A. benefit from B. compete for C. recover from D. long for
50. A. connect B. include C. fit D. keep
51. A. comfortable B. reasonable C. expensive D. impressive
52. A. planner B. supporter C. changer D. carrier
53. A. applied B. trained C. tutored D. searched
54. A. athlete B. singer C. actor D. businessman
55. A. So B. Also C. Though D. But
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
While rice and wheat are the two most commonly consumed grains worldwide, a study 56 (cover) more than 100,000 people in Northwest China has revealed that choosing rice as a staple food (主食) may result 57 a lower risk of obesity.
Researchers from Xi’an Jiaotong University collected data from participants, aged between 30s and 70s, 58 are residents of five northwestern provincial -level regions. The participants 59 (respond) to questionnaires via face-to-face interviews, providing information about their medical history and lifestyle, such as alcohol consumption, smoking and physical activity. 60 (make) a better analysis, the researchers divided the participants into three groups according to their weekly rice and wheat intake, with similar 61 (frequent).
The results show that rice preference may be related to a lower risk of certain obesity types in 62 population of Northwest China. When wheat lovers changed their staple food to r ice five times per week, 63 showed a 36.5 percent lower risk of normal-weight obesity in men and a 20.5 percent lower risk of normal-weight central obesity in women.
The researchers concluded that 64 (compare) with a preference for wheat, a preference for rice, or changing from wheat to rice, could be associated with lower risks of overall fat accumulation, 65 (especial) for individuals with normal weight.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你在澳大利亚旅游的时候发现George对中国特别感兴趣， 并希望能到中国旅行。请你邀请他到广州游览。内容包括：
1.感谢他的款待；
2.介绍广州标志性风物；
3.期盼回复。
参考词汇：标志性风物 iconic attraction
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答；
Dear George,


Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“What will we be singing for contest this year?” a student from my high school choir asked eagerly.
I dreaded (害怕) this moment. “I was thinking,” I said, “maybe we’ll skip the contest and just work hard on the concerts this year.”
“NO!” the kids protested.
“We’ve got to go to contest!”
“In Class A.”
“It’s tradition!”
This was true. Medals lined the front wall of the music room from the past successes of large, talented classes. But a swing in educational policies, with an emphasis on academics, had reduced my choir to a me re thirty-two students. My section leaders had graduated or been forced to drop music classes, leaving me with young, inexperienced kids who couldn’t read music, couldn’t hold their parts, and could sing only a simple melody.
“Maybe we could enter Class B this year,” I suggested, knowing even that would be a near-impossible mission.
“No!” the kids screamed. “Class A!”
I shook my head, hoping their enthusiasm would die off in a couple of weeks.
Finally one morning I entered the classroom. “Look at the clock!” I demanded. “We’ve wasted two full minutes because some of you don’t have your music ready. If we are entering the contest in Class A…” The rest of my sentence was lost in screams of delight and applause.
“From now on,” I continued when the noise faded away, “you will find the day’s lesson plan on the board. Be in your seats with your music folders on the desk when the bell rings and sit at attention, ready for warm-ups the instant I’m ready to begin. When I’m working with one section, there will be no talking from the others. You will listen, and you will learn. You will work harder than you’ve ever worked in any class before. And if one of these rules is broken, we will not go to the contest. Does everyone agree to this?”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150词左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was certain they would fail to keep this contract.



When the day finally arrived, the kids felt ready to win the contest.






2022-2023学年广州市越秀区高二下期末统考参考答案
阅读理解
21-23：CCA 24-27：DABB 28-31：DBCB 32-35：CBAC
七选五
36-40：ACDEB
完形填空
41-45：CBADB 46-50：DDAAB 51-55：CCBAD
语法填空
46. covering 47. in 48. who 49. responded
60. To make 61. frequency 62. the 63. they
64. compared 65. especially
作文（略）