高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures课时训练
展开一、单项选择
1.Does it ever ________ to you that they would be punished for being late?
A.strike B.occur C.happen D.appear
2.According to the __________ documents, __________ started as a shabby port gradually became an international hub for commerce.
A.historical; what B.historic; what
C.historical; where D.historic; where
3.The task is demanding, and ________ you may turn to the manager. I am sure he is glad to help.
A.if any B.if not C.if necessary D.if possible
4.The new technology, if _______ to rice growing, will help increase the grain output.
A.applying B.applied C.to be applied D.being applied
5._______ their many differences, all human beings share several defining characteristics.
A.Rather than B.Regardless of C.Despite D.Apart from
6.The scientist is respected by many people around the world for his ____ to children’s medicine.
A.response B.mission C.strategy D.contribution
7.When ________, ice changes into water.
A.to heat B.heating C.heated D.they are heated
8.Little by little, we_________ experience in how to deal with these changes.
A.controlled B.earned C.won D.acquired
9.Unless _______ , I won’t attend the party.
A.inviting B.to invite C.invited D.be invited
10.The man kept silent in the room unless________.
A.spoken to B.spoke to C.spoken D.to speak
11.He felt _________ when ________ before his classmate’s.
A.embarrassing; making fun B.embarrassed; made fun of
C.embarrassing; to be made fun of D.embarrassed; being made fun
12.Experts warn that medical waste from hospitals, ______ not handled properly, may lead to the spread of diseases.
A.because B.as C.unless D.if
13.I have nothing to do but________.
A.to read B.read C.reading D.be read
14.What I would like ______ now is ______ my bad habits and make up for my lost time.
A.doing; to break B.to do; breaking
C.doing; breaking D.to do; break
15.Though ________ to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.
A.surprise B.was surprised C.surprised D.being surprised
16.The four countries __________ the United Kingdom work together in some areas.
A.tending to B.belonging to C.heading to D.responding to
17.Anyone, once positive for COVID-19, will receive free medical treatment from the government.
A.test B.is tested C.tested D.being tested
18.Generally speaking, if ________ according to the instructions, the drug has no side effect.
A.taken B.taking C.to take D.having-taken
19.When , ice becomes water.
A.heating B.to heat C.heated D.being heated
20.I won’t go to the party even if _____.
A.being invited B.inviting C.invited D.to invite
21.Be careful when ________ the river.
A.crossing B.to cross C.are crossing D.be crossing
22.If ________, I can introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors, ________ can help them know more about Chinese culture.
A.accepted, it B.am accepted, which
C.accepted, which D.am accepted, it
23.—How is the man injured in the accident?
—The doctor said if________ in a proper way, he was likely to be saved.
A.treated B.treating C.is treated D.to be treated
24.The harmful effects, ___________, vary considerably from person to person.
A.if ever B.if any C.if not D.if so
25.Traditional tea roasting is a delicate technique that involves using hands to________the temperature in the pan.
A.consult B.assess C.require D.seek
26.Assisted by the lawyer, he regained his reputation and recovered his old fortune which enabled him to contribute ______ to the projects he sponsored.
A.extremely B.patiently C.definitely D.generously
27.When ________ why she came here, the girl kept silent.
A.asked B.asking C.be asked D.to ask
28.A local businessman stepped in with a large________ for a school in a poor area.
A.mission B.account C.donation D.relief
29.Don’t respond to any e-mails________(要求) personal information, no matter how official they look.
A.requesting B.entitling C.hatching D.folding
30._______about her ideal university, Jenny said she had no idea.
A.Ask B.When asking C.Asking D.When asked
31.Though________in San Francisco, Dave Mitchell had always preferred to record the plain facts of small-town life.
A.being raised B.raising C.raised D.having raised
32.The bird flu _______ through Asia has jumped from birds to humans at least 20 times so far, _______ 16 persons.
A.sweeping; killing B.swept; killing
C.swept; to kill D.sweeping; killed
33.You ought to stop smoking because it will _____ do harm to your health.
A.fortunately B.normally C.definitely D.incredibly
34.Work has begun on the________of the new airport.
A.china B.chain C.cheese D.construction
35.The________compares his lover to a rose in his poems.
A.poster B.poet C.poetry D.poem
36.If you know first aid methods, you can be calmer and more helpful ______ emergency.
A.in spite of B.on account of C.on the basis of D.in case of
37.This kind of fruit ________ lots of vitamins, vitamin D ________.
A.includes; containing B.contains; included
C.containing; included D.including; contained
38.In the afternoon, ______, I found the trees and the houses were all covered with snow and the whole world became a white one.
A.while walked along the road B.while walking along the road
C.while I walking along the road D.while was walking along the road
39.A record 3.3 million Americans applied for unemployment _________in the third week of March 2020, according to the US Labor Department, as restaurants, hotels, barber shops, gyms and more shut down in a nationwide effort to slow the spread of the deadly coronavirus.
A.claims B.benefits C.interests D.objectives
40.The meeting was held in Pittsburgh, a once-prosperous US industrial center now ______ dramatic job-cuts because of the competition ______ by globalization.
A.facing;bringing about B.faced;brought about
C.faced;bringing about D.facing;brought about
第II卷(非选择题)
请点击修改第II卷的文字说明
二、根据汉语意思填写单词
41.Mark managed ________(避开) from the burning car. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
42.If she had been aware that the mushrooms were _________(有毒的), she would not have picked them for dinner. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
43.You are lucky to ________(逃脱) being punished. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
44.Peter ________(承认) to me that he took my luggage by mistake yesterday.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
45.A high_________(百分比) of married women have part-time jobs in this neighborhood. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
46.He visited Paris and eventually________(定居) there. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
47.There are many examples of ethnic________ (多样性) that you can find in the journal, right?(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
48.My classmate Jean is trying to collect more _________(素材) for her novel. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
49.There was a clear indication that the chemist was in _____________(财务的) difficulty. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50.In fact, cultural ___________(多样性) makes our world so rich and colorful. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
51.I try to ________ (寻找) a better job to support my family. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
52.I heard about it at first ______ (直接) from my neighbor. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
53.______ from (除了……外(还)) the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
54.Science has ______ about (引起) many changes in our lives. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
55.The CD my dad gave me contains_________(各种各样的) styles of music. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
56.He________(折叠) his arms over his chest and turned his head away. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
57.A serious traffic accident_________(发生) yesterday. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
58.He felt it was his__________(任务) to help others. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
59.______(气候) change is still very much a subject for debate. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
60.Fortunately, he narrowly ________ (逃脱) death in a storm. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
61.She ________ (声称) damages from the company for the injury she had suffered. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
62.During that hard period, they ________(寻找) in vain for somewhere to shelter. (根据汉语提示拼写单词)
63.He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence ________(包含) the best advice I’ve ever had: Be bold and brave — and mighty forces will come to your aid. (根据汉语提示拼写单词)
64.Zac knows the meaning of a Purple Heart--he ________ (赢得) one himself in a war as a soldier. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
65.If it’s convenient for you, let’s meet at 8:30 outside the school gate. If not, let me know what time ________ (适合) you best. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
66.And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authored his own books, articles, ________(诗歌) and fiction. (根据汉语提示拼写单词)
67.These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation (植被), which reduced plant ________(多样性) in the park. (根据汉语提示拼写单词)
68.You are ________(明确地,确切地) welcome to show up on stage, which will add color and fun to our festival. (根据汉语提示拼写单词)
69.Some ________(移民) worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs, such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration (融合). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
70.It seldom ________ (发生;出现) to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what’s around them. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
71.What a ________(极好的) idea! (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
72.The hotel fitness centre is d______(肯定地) worth a visit. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
73.Finally, he______(承认) what he had done. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
74.Henry _____(承认) that it was his sister who took the bag from the office. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
75.Kids are usually fond of _____(奶酪) and fried chips. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
76.The soldier managed to _____ (逃跑) from his enemy. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
77.I noticed a woman ________________ (挑选) desserts of different kinds. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
78.Bob is a kind and reliable person, so we all agree to ________ (选) him as our monitor. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
79.The intense _______(民族的) conflict is beyond everybody’s expectations.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
80.The prisoner was caught shortly after he ________ (逃脱) from the prison. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
三、完成句子
81.我前往一所展示加利福尼亚历史变迁的当地博物馆。
I headed to a local museum that showed the ________ ________ in California.
82.除了最后一道题,我全做完了。
I’ve finished________the last question.
83.除了优质的服务外,这家饭店还提供不同种类的传统湖南菜。
___________________, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Hunan dishes.
84.然而,当我更仔细地观察它时,我发现了一些有趣的事情。(关联,状语从句的省略形式)
________, _____________ at it more closely, I see something interesting.
85.在淘金热时期,很多人去加利福尼亚寻找成功致富之路。
Many people went to California to ________ ________ ________ during the gold rush.
86.放学后,他径直冲向商店帮妈妈购买生活物品。
After school, he ________ ________ the shop to buy daily necessities.
87.在写这本书的时候,李时珍独自品尝了一些不知名的植物,吃了不少苦。
While ________ ________ ________, Li Shizhen suffered a lot from tasting some unknown plants on his own.
88.她沿着河堤边走边唱着一首流行歌曲。
While ________ ________ ________ ________ ________, she was singing a pop song.
89.在有些情况下,即使将运输的因素考虑在内,本地的农产品也可能比距离遥远的外地种植的农产品耗能更多。
Even if ______ ______ consideration its transport, in some cases, local produce may have used more energy than produce grown a long way away.
90.为他人服务的同时,我们可以获得有价值的经验,并且树立信心。
We can ________ valuable experience and ________ ________ our confidence while ________ others.
91.汪洋是我们学校第一个被北京大学录取的学生。
Wang Yang was ________ Beijing University in our school.
92.许多家庭前往映秀地震遗址,纪念那些在汶川地震中丧生的人们。(claim)
Many families visited Yingxiu earthquake site ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ in the Wenchuan earquake.
93.________, they went on working.
虽然他们累了,但他们仍继续工作。
94.飓风过后,成千上万的志愿者奔赴灾区,他们中有商人,也有工人。(head)
After the hurricane,________ ________ ________ ________ ________ the disaster area,ranging from businessmen to workers.
95.当问到他为什么上学迟到时,他沉默不语。(ask)
________________, he fell silent.
96.由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去很旧。(use)
________________, the book looks old.
97.在面对困难的时候,我们必须设法克服。(face)
________________, we must try to overcome them.
98.那个男孩焦急地跑到这儿,跑到那儿,好像在寻找在操场上丢失的什么东西。
The boy is running impatiently here and there ________ something lost on the playground.
99.当暴露在压力之下时,我们所有的人都会从精神和身体上作出反应。
When_________, all of us react both mentally and physically.
100.不管是什么原因,他们最终达成了共识。
________, they finally found common ground.
101.深呼吸的同时,放松身体,伸展四肢,你会感到放松很多。(while)
______, loosen up, and stretch your limbs out and then you will feel relaxed a lot.
102.他们认为她可能尝试打来电话。要是这样的话,就得有人守在这儿。(状语从句的省略)
They think she may try to phone. ________, someone must stay here.
103.如果有必要的话,我想当你的向导,并在旅行中给你一个详细的描述。(If...构成的省略句式)
______, I’d like to be your guide and give you a detailed description during your trip.
104.曾经这老人当渔民谋生。
The old man ever________ ________ ________ as a fisherman.
105.他们在伦敦有一座房子,此外在西班牙还有一座别墅。
A________ ________ their house in London, they also have a villa in Spain.
106.学生们正在按照老师的指导做实验。
The students are doing the experiment ________.
107.若要说他和这事有什么关系的话,那似乎也是很少的。
He seems to have little, ________________,to do with this matter.(if型省略结构)
108.昨天等公共汽车的时候,我遇到了一位老朋友。
________ the bus yesterday, I met an old friend.
109.如果可能的话,我们更喜欢住在寄宿家庭体验英国文化。
___________, we prefer to live in host families to experience British culture.
110.这药要是能按时服用,效果是很好的。(if从句的省略)
________, the medicine is quite effective.
参考答案:
1.B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:你有没有突然想到他们会因为迟到而受到惩罚? A. strike打,击,突然出现在……的头脑;B. occur发生,出现;C. happen发生,碰巧;D. appear显得。it occurs to sb. that...“某人突然想到……”是固定句型,符合题意;it happens to sb that “碰巧发生在某人身上”不符合句意;it strikes sb that...“某人突然想到”不需要介词to。故选B项。
2.A
【详解】考查形容词和主语从句。句意:根据历史文献记载,从一个破旧的港口逐渐发展成为国际贸易中心。historical(有关)历史的;有关历史研究的;历史学的;historic历史上著名(或重要)的;可名垂青史的。第二空为主语从句,从句缺少主语,且指物,所以用连接代词what引导。故选A。
3.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:这项任务要求很高,如有必要,你可以向经理求助。我相信他很乐意帮忙。A. if any如果有的话;B. if not如果不;不然;C. if necessary如果必要;D. if possible如果可能。根据“I am sure he is glad to help.”可知,如有必要的话,可以向经理求助完成这项任务。故选C。
4.B
【详解】考查状语从句省略句。句意:如果这项新技术被运用于水稻种植,它将会帮助提高谷物产量。此处是if引导的条件状语从句省略句,从句主语是The new technology与从句谓语动词apply是被动关系,从句谓语用be done形式,当状语从句的主语和主句主语一致且含有be动词的时候,可以把状语从句的主语和be动词一起省略,本句在if条件状语从句(遵循主将从现原则)的后面省略了it is,用过去分词applied。故选B项。
5.C
【详解】考查介词词义或短语辨析。句意:尽管存在许多差异,但所有人都有几个共同的特征。A. Rather than而不是;B. Regardless of不管、不顾;C. Despite尽管;D. Apart from除了。由句意可知,该处表让步含义,此处应使用介词despite“尽管”,故选C项。
6.D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:这位科学家因对儿童医学的贡献而受到全世界许多人的尊敬。A. response回答;B. mission使命,重要任务;C. strategy策略;D. contribution贡献。由“to children’s medicine”可知,句子表示“这位科学家因对儿童医学的贡献而受到全世界许多人的尊敬”,空格处意为“贡献”。故选D。
7.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:当加热时,冰变成水。分析句子可知,此处为状语从句的省略用法,当主从句主语一致,且从句有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和be动词,因heat和主语ice为被动关系,完整句子为When ice is heated, ice changes into water.省略ice is,保留过去分词。故选C项。
8.D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:一点一点地,我们获得了如何应对这些变化的经验。A. controlled控制;B. earned挣得,赚得;C. won赢得;D. acquired获得。根据“experience”可知,此处是指获得经验,acquire尤指通过学习逐渐获得知识、技能、经验等。故选D。
9.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:除非受到邀请,否则我不会参加聚会。当条件状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且有be动词时,可以省略从句的主语及be动词。句子主语I和invite之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。完整句子为Unless I am invited, I won’t attend the party.省略I am,保留过去分词。故选C。
10.A
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:除非有人跟他说话,否则那人在房间里保持沉默。该句是状语从句的省略,句子主语The man和动词speak之间是被动关系,省略了相同的主语和be动词。故选A。
11.B
【详解】考查形容词、固定短语和状语从句的省略。句意:当在同学面前被取笑时,他感到很尴尬。第一空:表示人的主观感受,应用形容词embarrassed“感到尴尬的”作表语;形容词embarrassing“令人尴尬的”修饰物;第二空:make fun of sb.“取笑某人”是固定短语,当when引导的时间状语从句的主语和主句主语一致,且有be时,可省略从句的主语和be,从句主语he和从句谓语动词短语make fun of之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,完整的从句为when he was made fun of before his classmate’s.,可省略he和was。综上,故选B。
12.D
【详解】考查连词辨析。句意:专家警告说,来自医院的医疗废物,如果处理不当,可能会导致疾病的传播。A. because因为;B. as当……时候,因为;C. unless除非;D. if如果。分析句子结构可知,此处应为连词引导的状语从句,省略了主语和be动词,结合句意,此处表示“如果”引导的条件状语从句。故选D项。
13.B
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:除了读书,我无事可做。此处为短语have nothing to do but do sth.表示“除了……之外无事可做”。故选B。
14.D
【详解】考查动词短语和省略to的不定式。句意:我现在想做的是改掉我的坏习惯,弥补我失去的时间。分析句子可知,该句第一处为what引导的主语从句中谓语动词的填入,为动词短语would like to do“想要做某事”;该句第二空为不定式to的省略用法,be动词is连接两个句子时,如果表语是不定式,且前文有do的某种形式时,表语的to省略。故选D项。
15.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意为:虽然见到我们使教授很吃惊,但是还是热情欢迎了我们。根据空格前的though和选项可知,该题是考查状语从句的省略,though引导的让步状语从句补全后应该是:Though the professor was surprised to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome。该句子从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且从句中有be动词was,符合状语从句省略的条件,可以把从句的主语和be动词省略掉。故选C。
16.B
【详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意:属于英国的四个国家在一些领域合作。A. tending to倾向于;B. belonging to属于;C. heading to前往;D. responding to对...做出回复。分析句意可知,此处指的是这四个从属于英国联合王国。故选B项。
17.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:一旦新冠肺炎检测呈阳性,任何人都将获得政府的免费医疗。分析句子可知,空格处应填入非谓语动词。此处是once引导的时间状语的省略,主语Anyone与动词test是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词。故选C。
18.A
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:通常说来,如果按照说明书服用,这个药没有副作用。if引导一个条件状语从句,句中take与逻辑主语the drug构成动宾关系,要用被动;状语从句中,当主语相同,谓语动词是系动词时,可以省略,省略了the drug is,故选A。
19.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:当加热时,冰变成水。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中,常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。结合句意,分析子可知,“When ,”是时间状语从句,原句为“When ice is heated,”,符合状语从句省略条件,省略ice is后,应保留过去分词heated。故选C项。
20.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:即使被邀请,我也不会去参加聚会。在时间状语从句、条件状语从句和让步状语从句中,如果从句主语和主句主语一致,而且从句的谓语动词中含有be动词的形式,则省略从句主语和be动词,此处为even if引导的让步状语从句,将从句还原后为even if I am invited,所以省略后为even if invited。故选C项。
21.A
【详解】考查省略句。句意:过河的时候要小心。when引导的时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词,完整的从句是“when you are crossing the river”,此处省略了you are。故选A。
22.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略和定语从句。句意:如果我被接受,我可以给参观者介绍中国绘画技能,这将帮助他们更多的了解中国文化。if引导的条件状语从句,前后主语一致,且含有be动词,把主语和be动词可以省略。主语I与accept之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词形式。第二空指代前面这句话的内容,又有逗号,所以用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故选C。
23.A
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:——那个人在事故中是怎么受伤的?——医生说如果治疗得当,他是有可能得救的。分析句子成分可知,空处应为非谓语动词。if引导的条件状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且从句的谓语动词为was,则可以省略从句的主语和be动词,故用done形式作状语。故选A。
24.B
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:有害影响,如果有的话,很大程度上因人而异。A. if ever如果曾经;B. if any如果有的话;C. if not如果不是;D. if so如果这样的话。此处指如果存在有害影响的话,句型if any=if there is any effect。故选B。
25.B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:传统的烤茶是一种精细的技术,需要用手来评估锅中的温度。A. consult咨询;B. assess评估;C. require需要;D. seek寻找。根据下文“the temperature in the pan (锅中的温度)”可知,传统的烤茶需要用手来评估锅中的温度,空白处应填表示“评估”含义的动词,故选B项。
26.D
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:在律师的帮助下,他恢复了声誉,恢复了往日的财富,这使他能够慷慨地为他赞助的项目捐款。A. extremely极度;B. patiently耐心地;C. definitely明确地;D. generously慷慨地。根据“recovered his old fortune”和“the projects he sponsored”可推知,他重获财富,对赞助项目的捐款应该是非常慷慨的,generously“慷慨地”符合语境。故选D。
27.A
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:当被问及为什么来这里时,女孩保持沉默。分析句子可知,句子为“When”引导的时间状语从句,从句主语和主句主语一致且谓语中含有“be”,此时可省略从句主语和“be”,省略前为“When the girl was asked why she came here”,故空格处应填“asked”。故选A项。
28.C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当地一位商人为贫困地区的一所学校捐了一大笔钱。A. mission使命;B. account账户;C. donation捐赠;D. relief缓解。根据“for a school in a poor area”可知,一位富商为贫困地区的一所学校捐了一大笔钱。故选C项。
29.A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:不要回复任何要求提供个人信息的电子邮件,无论它们看起来多么正式。A. requesting要求;B. entitling赋予权力,给……命名;C. hatching孵出;D. folding折叠。根据句意和汉语提示可知,动词request符合句意,此处为现在分词作后置定语,修饰名词e-mails。故选A。
30.D
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:当被问及理想的大学时,Jenny说她不知道。根据句意可知,when引导的时间状语从句意为“当她被问及理想的大学时”,由said可知,时态是一般过去时,她是被问,因此用一般过去时的被动语态,因此when引导的从句是when she was asked,从句中主语和主句主语一致,且从句中有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和be动词,因此空格处是When asked。故选D。
31.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:戴夫·米切尔虽然在旧金山长大,但他一直喜欢记录小镇生活的平凡事实。分析句子可知,此处是though引导的状语从句的省略,逻辑主语Dave Mitchell与动词raise之间为被动关系,完整句子为Though he was raised in San Francisco,当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语,且从句含有be动词,从句可以省略主语和be动词,所以此处应用过去分词形式;being raised表示被动和进行,此处与句意不符,其他选项均不表示被动,与句意不符。故选C项。
32.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:迄今为止,席卷亚洲的禽流感已从鸟类传播到人类至少20次,造成16人死亡。分析句子可知,第一空格处动词sweep充当定语修饰名词bird flu,二者之间是逻辑上的主动关系,应使用现在分词形式sweeping;第二空格处表示顺承的结果,应使用现在分词形式killing。故选A项。
33.C
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:你应该戒烟,因为它肯定会对你的健康有害。A. fortunately幸运地;B. normally通常;C. definitely肯定地;D. incredibly难以置信地。根据句中劝诫戒烟和常识可知,吸烟对身体健康没有好处,只有坏处,所以用“肯定地”来强调吸烟对身体的坏处。故选C。
34.D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:新机场的建设工作已经开始。A. china瓷器;B. chain链条;C. cheese 干酪;D. construction建设。此处指新机场的建设,短语为on the construction of,故选D。
35.B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:这位诗人在诗中将他的爱人比作一朵玫瑰。A. poster海报;B. poet诗人;C. poetry诗集;D. poem诗。根据句中“in his poems”可知,这个人在诗中将他的爱人比作一朵玫瑰,由此可知,他应该是一位诗人,“poet”意为“诗人”,名词词性,作主语。故选B项。
36.D
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意:如果你知道急救方法,在紧急情况下你会更冷静,更乐于助人。A. in spite of尽管;B. on account of由于;因为;C. on the basis of根据;D. in case of万一;若发生某事。由句意可知,该句是if引导的条件句,表示如果你知道急救知识,若发生紧急情况则会更冷静,更乐于助人。故选D项。
37.B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析、一般现在时和非谓语。句意:这种水果富含很多种维生素,包括维生素D。contain意为“包含;包括”,侧重包含的“内容”或“成分”,include意为“包含;把……列为一部分”。分析句子可知,第一个空处为谓语动词,且描述一般事实,需使用一般现在时,这种水果的成分中包含有多种维生素,应选动词contain,主谓This kind of fruit为单数形式,故填第三人称单数contains。第二个空表示“包含(其中的一部分)”,应用include,此处考查独立结构,vitamin D与include之间是逻辑上的被动关系,故使用过去分词。故选B项。
38.B
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:下午,当我走在路上的时候,我发现树和房子都被雪覆盖了,整个世界都变成了白色。此处是while引导的时间状语从句的省略,从句主语是I,此处指“当我走在路上时”,用过去进行时,故完整形式是while I was walking along the road,当状语从句主语和主句主语一致,且从句含有be动词时,可将从句主语和be动词省略,故选B。
39.B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:根据美国劳工部的数据,在2020年3月的第三周,创纪录的330万美国人申请了失业救济,为减缓致命冠状病毒的传播,全国范围内的餐馆、酒店、理发店、健身房等都关闭了。A. claims索赔;B. benefits福利政策,救济金;C. interests利益;D. objectives目标。根据句意可知,此处表示失业救济金,应用benefits。故选B项。
40.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:会议在匹兹堡举行,这里曾经是美国繁荣的工业中心,由于全球化带来的竞争,现在面临着大幅裁员。face面临,面对;bring about引起,导致 。分析句子可知,动词face(面临)与动词短语bring about(引起)都在句中作后置定语,分别修饰名词industrial center和competition;face与其逻辑主语industrial center之间是主动关系,bring about与其逻辑主语competition之间是被动关系,分别用现在分词和过去分词作后置定语。故选D项。
41.to escape
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她设法从燃烧的汽车中逃了出来。根据汉语提示“避开”可知,应填动词escape,manage to do sth.为固定用法,意为“设法做成某事”,其中不定式作宾语。故填to escape。
42.poisonous
【详解】考查形容词。句意:如果她早知道这些蘑菇有毒,她就不会摘它们当晚餐了。根据单词汉语提示“有毒的”及空前的the mushrooms were 可知应填形容词形式poisonous,作表语。故填poisonous。
43.escape
【详解】考查动词原形。句意:你很幸运,逃脱了被惩罚。be lucky to do sth., 该空用动词原形形式,逃脱为escape。故填escape。
44.admitted
【详解】考查时态。句意:彼得向我承认他昨天误拿了我的行李。admit意为“承认”。分析句子结构可知,本空为主句谓语。结合句意可知事情发生在过去,故句子用一般过去时,故本空填过去式。故答案为admitted。
45.percentage
【详解】考查名词。句意:在这个社区有很高比例的已婚妇女做兼职工作。根据汉语提示可知应用名词percentage,作主语,不定冠词提示用单数。故填percentage。
46.settled
【详解】考查动词。句意:他访问了巴黎,并最终在那里定居。“定居”为动词settle,作谓语,和visited是并列关系,句子描述过去发生的事,应用一般过去时,此处应用过去式形式,故填settled。
47.diversity
【详解】考查名词。句意:你可以在杂志上找到很多种族多样性的例子,对吧?分析句子结构可知,此处应为名词作宾语,根据提示的汉语,表示“多样性”应为diversity,且为不可数名词。故填diversity。
48.material
【详解】考查名词。句意:我的同学珍正在努力为她的小说收集更多的材料。根据汉语提示可知应用名词material,作宾语,不可数。故填material。
49.financial
【详解】考查形容词。句意:有一个明显的迹象表明这位化学家在经济上有困难。根据空格后的名词difficulty可知,空白处应填形容词作定语,结合汉语提示“财务的”是financial。故填financial。
50.diversity
【详解】考查名词。句意:事实上,文化多样性使我们的世界如此丰富多彩。根据汉语意思提示可知,此处为名词diversity“多样性”作主语,满足句意要求。故填diversity。
51.seek
【详解】考查动词。句意:我试着找一份更好的工作来养家。设空处接在不定式to后,应用动词原形,根据汉语提示,故填seek。
52.hand
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:我是直接从邻居那里听到这件事的。at first hand表示“第一手地,直接地”符合句意。故填hand。
53.Apart
【详解】考查介词短语。句意:他除了脸部和双手受伤外,两条腿也断了。表示“除了……外(还)”应用介词短语apart from。句首首字母应大写。故填Apart。
54.brought
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:科学让我们的生活发生了很多改变。表示“引起”为bring about,该动作从过去持续到现在,所以用现在完成时,空处缺少过去分词。故填brought 。
55.diverse
【详解】考查形容词。句意:我爸爸给我的CD里有各种风格的音乐。根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用形容词diverse,修饰名词styles,作定语。故填diverse。
56.folded
【详解】考查动词。句意:他双臂交叉抱在胸前,把头扭过去。分析句子,设空处使用动词作谓语,句子表述过去事实,故使用一般过去时。表示“折叠”用fold。故填folded。
57.occurred
【详解】考查动词。句意:昨天发生了一起严重的交通事故。根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用动词occur,设空处使用动词作谓语,句子表述过去事实,应用一般过去时。故填occured。
58.mission
【详解】考查名词。句意:他觉得帮助别人是他的任务。根据句意可知空处应为名词,结合it was可知为单数,“任务”译为mission,故填mission。
59.Climate
【详解】考查名词。句意:气候变化在很大程度上仍然是一个争论的话题。“气候”表达为名词climate,修饰名词change,作定语。句首的单词,首字母大写。故填Climate。
60.escaped
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意:幸运的是,他暴风雨中死里逃生。分析句子结构和意思可知,这里考查“逃脱”对应的动词escape,作谓语。这句话描述的是过去的事情,谓语用一般过去时。故填escaped。
61.claimed
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:她因受伤向公司要求获得损害赔偿金。根据句意和汉语提示应填claim“声称;索取”,由句意和下文的had suffered可知用一般过去时,故填claimed。
62.sought
【详解】考查动词。句意:在那段艰难的时期,他们找地方避难,却一无所获。根据“for somewhere to shelter”和汉语提示可知,空处应用动词seek,作句子的谓语,且时间状语为During that hard period,句子应用一般过去时,seek需用过去式sought。故填sought。
63.containing
【详解】考查动词。句意:他看了我一会儿,然后写了一句话,其中包含了我有生以来得到的最好的建议:勇敢而无畏——然后强大的力量会帮助你。根据空前“a sentence”和空后“the best advice”以及汉语提示可知,空处应用动词contain,且空处作sentence的后置定语,sentence和contain之间是主谓关系,应用contain的现在分词形式containing。故填containing。
64.earned
【详解】考查动词。句意:扎克知道紫心勋章的意义——他在战争中作为一名士兵赢得了一枚紫心勋章。分析句子结构可知,本句缺少谓语动词,所以空处应填动词,根据句意和所给中文提示词,应是earn意为“赢得”,根据时间状语in a war可知用一般过去时。故填earned。
65.suits
【详解】考查动词。句意:如果你方便的话,我们八点半在校门外见面吧。如果没有,让我知道你什么时候最合适。分析句子结构可知,本句是what引导的宾语从句,从句中缺少无语动词,所以空处应填动词,根据句意和所给中文提示词,应是suit意为“适合”,主语是what time为第三人称单数,根据前文可知,用一般现在时。故填suits。
66.poetry
【详解】考查名词。句意:多年以后,她为儿子读了成千上万本书,获得了文学博士学位,并撰写了自己的书籍、文章、诗歌和小说而感到自豪。根据空前“his own books, articles”和空后“and fiction”以及汉语提示可知,空处应用名词poetry,和books、articles和fiction并列作his的宾语,侧重表达诗歌这一体裁,是不可数名词。故填poetry。
67.diversity
【详解】考查名词。句意:这些动物消耗了大量的植被,减少了公园里的植物多样性。根据“large amounts of vegetation”和汉语提示可知,空处应用名词diversity,作reduced的宾语,且diversity表示“多样性”时,为不可数名词。故填diversity。
68.definitely
【详解】考查副词。句意:当然欢迎你上台表演,为我们的节日增添色彩和乐趣。根据空后“welcome to show up on stage”和汉语提示可知,空处应用副词definitely,作修饰表语welcome的状语,表示“明确地欢迎你上台表演”。故填definitely。
69.immigrants
【详解】考查名词的复数。句意:一些移民担心,由于金融危机使当地人更难保住工作,这些措施将更多地成为不容忍而非融合的工具。由“become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration”可知,此处的“移民”是immigrant,指“外来移民”,是可数名词,空前有Some,空格处用复数,故填immigrants。
70.occurs
【详解】考查时态和固定句型。句意:他们很少想过要出去走走,花点时间看看周围有什么。句子描述一般性事实,应用一般现在时,此处考查固定句型it occurs to sb to do sth表示“某人突然想起做某事”,故填occurs。
71.super
【详解】考查形容词。句意:多么棒的主意啊!设空处修饰名词作定语,应用形容词,根据汉语提示,故填super。
72.definitely
【详解】考查副词。句意:酒店的健身中心绝对值得一看。结合句意,修饰复合谓语be worth用副词。故填definitely。
73.admitted
【详解】考查动词。句意:最后,他承认了他所做的事。根据汉语提示可知应填动词admit,根据从句谓语had done过去完成时可知主句谓语用一般过去时。故填admitted。
74.admitted
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:亨利承认是他妹妹从办公室拿走了包。根据句意和汉语提示可知,此处使用动词admit,作谓语,由下文的was可知,应用一般过去时。故填admitted。
75.cheese
【详解】考查名词。句意:孩子们通常喜欢奶酪和炸薯片。根据汉语提示“奶酪”可知,应填名词cheese,作宾语,为不可数名词。故填cheese。
76.escape
【详解】考查动词。句意:这个士兵设法逃离了敌人。根据汉语提示“逃跑”可知,空格处涉及单词“escape”,意为“逃跑”,动词词性,不定式符号“to”后接动词原形。故填escape。
77.selecting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我注意到一位女士正在挑选不同种类的甜点。根据汉语提示“挑选”可知,此处为动词select,notice sb. doing sth.为固定用法,意为“看见某人正在做某事”,空处需填现在分词作宾语补足语。故填selecting。
78.select
【详解】考查动词。句意:鲍勃是一个善良可靠的人,所以我们都同意选择他作为我们的班长。agree to do为固定短语,意为“同意做……”,空格处应填动词原形和不定式符号to构成不定式作agree的宾语,结合汉语提示“选”是select。故填select。
79.ethnic
【详解】考查形容词。句意:激烈的种族冲突出乎所有人的预料。形容词修饰名词conflict,作定语,根据汉语提示可知,“民族的”是ethnic,故填ethnic。
80.escaped
【详解】考查动词。句意:犯人从监狱逃出来后不久就被抓住了。根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用动词escape;由空前连接词after和主语he可知,after后面接状语从句,此处作谓语动词,根据主句时态可知,应用一般过去时。故填escaped。
81. historical changes
【详解】考查形容词,名词;句意:我前往一所展示加利福尼亚历史变迁的当地博物馆。根据所给句子句意分析可知,句中showed的宾语为“变迁”,英语中“变迁,变化”英语为“change”,change为可数名词,此处指 “很多的变化,改变”,因此需要使用复数形式changes,句意中“变迁”指“历史的变迁”可知,此处“历史的”为定语修饰changes,因此需要使用形容词“historical历史的”;故填①historical;②changes。
82.apart from
【详解】考查介词短语。结合句意“除了……”可知短语为apart from,表示除……以外别无。故填apart from。
83.Apart from good service
【详解】考查介词短语和名词。介词短语apart from (除……外),名词短语good service (优质的服务)作宾语,首字母大写,故填Apart from good service。
84. However when looking
【详解】考查副词和省略句。第一空表示“然而”且有逗号隔开,故应用连接副词however,首字母要大写;第二空为状语从句的省略,在when引导的状语从句中,当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时,可省略从句的主语和be,相当于省略了I was。故填①However;②when looking。
85. seek their fortune
【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用动词短语seek one’s fortune“寻找成功致富之路”,空前to是不定式符号,应用动词原形,主语是Many people,one’s使用their。故填①seek;②their;③fortune。
86. headed/heads to
【详解】考查动词。分析句子,设空处使用动词作谓语,句子可以表述现在,也可以表述过去,故使用一般现在时或者一般过去时都可以。表示“径直冲向”用head to。故答案为headed/heads to。
87. writing the book
【详解】考查名词和动词。表示“写”应用动词write;表示“这本书”应用名词the book。分析句子结构和意思可知,动词write是句子主语Li Shizhen主动发出的动作,用现在分词形式,表示主动,作状语。故填writing the book。
88. walking along the river bank
【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。按要求,表示“她沿着河堤边走”可用现在分词短语walking along the river bank,当状语从句中的主语和主句主语一致时,可以省略从句中的主语和be,动词walk和主语之间是主动关系,故用其现在分词。故空1填walking;空2填along;空3填the;空4填river;空5填bank。
89. taking into
【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“考虑”使用固定短语take into consideration。分析句子,句中may have为谓语动词,设空处构成状语从句的省略结构,使用非谓语动词。此处使用现在分词作状语。故填taking into。
90. gain build up serving
【详解】考查动词、动词短语和现在分词。根据第一空后的“valuable experience”并结合题干,第一空表示“获得”,应用及物动词gain,且空前有can,所以这里用动词原形;根据第二空后的“our confidence”并结合题干,第二空表示“树立”,应用及物动词短语build up,且and连接并列的谓语,前面有can,所以这里应用动词原形;根据第三空后的“others”并结合题干,第三空表示“为……服务”,应用及物动词serve,这里是while引导的时间状语从句,从句中省略了主语和be动词,serve和逻辑主语We之间是主谓关系,所以应用现在分词形式。故填gain;build;up;serving。
91.the first student to be admitted to
【详解】考查非谓语动词作定语。表示“第一个学生”含义的表达为:the first student,使用序数词;表示“录取”含义的表达为:admit,后跟介词to;分析句子结构,admit在句子中作定语,应使用非谓语动词,因student被序数词修饰,应使用动词不定式作定语,因与其逻辑主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,动词不定式的被动式作定语,故填the first student to be admitted to。
92. in memory of those whose lives were claimed
【详解】考查固定短语和定语从句。表示“纪念”短语为in memory of,后跟those作宾语;定语从句修饰those,在从句作定语,故用whose引导;表示“在汶川地震中丧生的人们”翻译为those whose lives were claimed。故填in memory of those whose lives were claimed。
93.Though (they were) tired
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。“虽然”使用though引导让步状语从句,“累”使用形容词tired,根据主句中went可知,句子用一般过去时,故从句译为Though they were tired,当状语从句主语和主句主语一致,且从句含有be动词时,可省略从句的主语和be动词,故填Though (they were) tired。
94. thousands of volunteers headed to/for
【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意“成千上万”可知短语为thousands of,后跟复数名词volunteers,作宾语;表示“奔赴”短语为head to/for。结合语境可知为一般过去时。故填thousands of volunteers headed to/for。
95.When asked why he was late for school
【详解】考查省略句和宾语从句。表示“当问到”应用when引导时间状语从句,且为省略句,省略主语和be动词,ask与he构成被动关系;后文why引导的宾语从句,表示“上学迟到”短语为be late for schoool。结合后文fell可知为一般过去时。故填When asked why he was late for school。
96.As used for a long time
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。“由于”用as表达,主语book和use“使用”之间是被动关系,结合时间状语for a long time“一段时间”可知,从句应用现在完成时的被动语态,即从句为as the book has been used for a long time,当主从句主语一致,且从句有be的某种形式时,可省略从句的主语和be,省略后为as used for a long time。故填As used for a long time。
97.When faced with difficulties/When facing difficulties
【详解】考查状语从句的省略和名词。根据句意及所给句子可知,“在面对困难的时候”可以翻译为when we are faced with difficulties或when we are facing difficulties。两种翻译中,从句的主语和主句的主语都一致,且都有be动词are,所以都符合状语从句省略的条件,可以把从句的主语和be动词省略。故填When faced with difficulties或When facing difficulties。
98.as if looking for
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。在状语从句中,如果从句主语和主句主语一致且从句的谓语动词中有be的某种形式,则可以省略从句主语和be,此处as if 引导的方式状语从句为as if he is looking for something lost on the playground,所以省略后为as if looking for something lost on the playground。故答案为as if looking for。
99.exposed to stress
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。分析句子可知,“当暴露在压力之下时”是时间状语从句,其完整表达应为“当我们被暴露在压力之下时”,用从属连词when引导,其中主语“我们”用人称代词we,谓语动词“被暴露在”用are exposed to表示,用被动语态,宾语“压力”用名词stress,该从句译为when we are exposed to stress;当状语从句主语与主句主语一致,且状语从句中包含be动词时,可以省略状语从句中主语和be动词,本句符合省略条件,省略we are后,保留exposed to stress。故填exposed to stress。
100.Whatever the reason
【详解】考查让步状语从句和省略。根据汉语意思可知用whatever连接让步状语从句,不管是什么原因译为“Whatever the reason is”,此处可以省略is,故填Whatever the reason。
101.While breathing deeply
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。根据汉语翻译可知,空处需填“深呼吸的同时”的英语表达,可以用while引导的时间状语从句表示,表示为“while you are breathing deeply”,从句主语和句子主语一致,都是“you”,故从句可以将主语和be动词一起省略,直接跟现在分词。故填While breathing deeply。
102.If so
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。根据句意“要是这样的话”可知,空格处涉及固定句型“if so”,意为“要是这样的话”,为条件状语从句的省略,句首单词首字母大写。故填If so。
103.If necessary
【详解】考查If…构成的省略句式。根据句意以及句子结构可知,此处为If...构成的省略句式,为if省略的惯用表达,If necessary“如果有必要的话”,满足句意要求。故填If necessary。
104. earned his living
【详解】考查短语。短语:earn one’s living“谋生”,结合汉语提示,动作发生在过去,所以时态用一般过去时,故填①earned;②his;③living。
105. Apart from
【详解】考查短语。句意:他们在伦敦有一座房子,此外在西班牙还有一座别墅。apart from除……以外。根据句意,故填Apart from。
106.as instructed by their teacher
【详解】考查方式状语从句的省略。根据句意可知,此处意为“按照老师的指导”,应用as引导方式状语从句,且students与instruct之间为被动,故表达为as they are instructed by teachers,且从句中的主语they和be动词are可以省略,故填as instructed by their teacher。
107.if any
【详解】考查固定句型。根据句意可知,“如果有的话”应译为if any,为if there is any的省略。故填if any。
108.When/While waiting for
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。逗号后面是主句,逗号前面的句子“昨天等公共汽车的时候”描述过去某一时间正在发生的事,应用过去进行时,用when/while引导时间状语从句,翻译为When/While I was waiting for the bus yesterday,此处可以写成状语从句的省略,当主句和从句为同一主语时,且从句含有be动词,从句可以省略主语和be动词,故省略主语I和was后,为When/While waiting for,句首单词首字母大写,故填When/While waiting for。
109.If possible
【详解】考查固定句型。结合句意“如果可能的话”可知句型为if possible,为状语从句的省略,完整的句子是if it is possible,句首单词首字母要大写。故填If possible。
110.If taken on time
【详解】考查省略句。根据提示信息可知,此处考查的是if从句的省略。结合句意并分析句子结构可知,从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且从句谓语包含be动词,故从句可以省略主语和be动词,表示“按时服用”应用take on time,且主语与take构成被动关系,故填If taken on time。
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