高考英语阅读理解专项训练

这是一份高考英语阅读理解专项训练，共42页。试卷主要包含了B．Saturday 8，B．911等内容，欢迎下载使用。

阅读理解
The marathoner Molly Seidel was the third American woman in history to win an Olympic medal in the marathon, but her road to success was not smooth. She skipped the 2016 U. S. Olympic trials to make her mental health a priority. Seidel thought her career might be over back in 2016. Treatment changed everything. She became a better athlete than ever. When she crossed the finish line at the Tokyo Olympics, she screamed with joy.
In a world that rewards constant toughness, Seidel’s breakthrough was a case study in the value of patience and self care. Despite the conventional wisdom that the career of a professional athlete should be an unbroken upward path to peak performance, Seidel stepped away to protect her health, recovered, and came back stronger.
Many of the most storied moments in Olympics history are simplified examples of athletes pushing past pain, injury and mental exhaustion to compete. Who can forget Kerri Strug who in 1996 vaulted on an injured ankle, then was carried off the mat to receive her medal? But the story of this most recent Olympics was athletes choosing to protect their health instead of sacrificing it to compete.
The gymnast Simone Biles was a typical example, when she declined to compete after experiencing a bad case of “the twisties”. Top athletes across global competitions this year spoke openly about stepping back from competition to recalibrate. The British cricketer Ben Stokes recently announced an “indefinite break” from the game to check into treatment for his mental health; the tennis star Naomi Osaka dropped out of the French Open; and the British swimmer Adam Peaty celebrated winning two gold medals in Tokyo with the announcement that he’s taking a month off to take care of himself.
Seidel’s Olympic performance proves this approach: Giving yourself time to heal and rest is not just the compassionate thing to do for your health. It can be also the smartest strategy for success. It’s a powerful lesson in how to handle the natural derailments (脱轨) of life. We’re seeing burnout. Olympians, are warning us to the problems of an overly goal-oriented society.
1．Seidel gave up the 2016 U.S. Olympic trials to ________.
A．attend the Tokyo Olympics B．receive mental treatment
C．put and end to her athlete career D．improve her performance
2．The conventional wisdom holds that professional athletes tend to ________.
A．value patience and self care B．take a break when necessary
C．keep up training until they succeed D．protect their health instead of sacrificing it
3．Why are the examples given in paragraph 4?
A．To give advice on how to win gold medals.
B．To emphasize how cruel the competition is.
C．To show athletes caring more about their health.
D．To tell training stories of some successful athletes.
4．What may be the author’s attitude towards athletes like Seidel?
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Cautious. D．Unclear.

Jane Addams was a founder of the U. S. Settlement House Movement. Born in Cedarville, Illinois, Jane Addams was the eighth of nine children born into a rich family. When she was young, Addams’ father taught her kindness and care for people.
Jane Addams was one of the first generation of American women to attend college. She was educated in the United States and Europe, graduating from Rockford College. After graduation, unmarried, she struggled to find a job.
While in London, Addams was influenced by an article, which was about slum(贫民窟)conditions. When she was 27 years old, she visited Toynbee Hall, a settlement house in London. There, she discovered the cause to which she would devote her life: the settlement house.
In 1889 she and a college friend moved into the slums of Chicago and inspired by Toynbee Hall, they set up Hull House, one of the first settlement houses in the United States. It included a night school for adults, kindergarten classes, clubs for older children, a public kitchen, an art building, a coffee house, a gymnasium, a swimming pool, a music school, a drama group, and a library. She is probably most remembered for her adult night school, a forerunner of the continuing education classes offered by many universities today. Soon Addams’ story became known in America. At the same time, Addams spoke and wrote widely about settlement work. As a result, a nationwide settlement house movement began.
Jane Addams was strongly against wars. When World War I broke out, she gave speeches to call on people to fight for peace. In 1931, she became the first American woman to be given the Nobel Peace Prize.
5．What do we know about Jane Addams’ early life?
A．She landed a job with ease. B．She grew up in a caring family.
C．She got married after graduation. D．She received little formal schooling.
6．What made Jane Addams decide to establish Hull House?
A．An ambition for fame. B．A visit to Toynbee hall.
C．A college friend’s suggestion. D．An article about slum conditions.
7．What do we know about Hull House?
A．It offered varieties of public services. B．It closely cooperated with Toynbee Hall.
C．It was specially designed for sports lovers. D．It was the first settlement house in the world.
8．Which aspects was Addams devoted to?
A．Higher education and poverty relief. B．Youth development and musical drama.
C．Continuing education and medical health. D．Settlement house movement and world peace.

On an extremely hot summer day in 2006, I was in New Delhi, covering an exhibition on local art. This was my first job out of college. I was then new to the world of reporting and often sent for easier assignments, but I was eager to get my hands on the tougher stuff to make a positive impression on my seniors.
I convinced a senior colleague named Joy to let me follow his meeting with Sitaram Yechury, who was then a member of the Rajya Sabha. Joy tasked me with sourcing the DV tapes (digital videotapes) from the tape library and keeping them safe after we recorded Yechury’s comments. After we recorded the first sound bite, we went from one office to another, collecting more and more statements for the final story, which was supposed to air that night.
When we got back to the office later that evening, Joy asked me to replay the tapes with Yechury’s comments. I played the recordings over and over. To my horror and disbelief, they took wing. Was this going to cost me my job, the one I had tried so hard to land? When Joy approached and asked me for the sound bite, I broke down. He didn’t reprove me for the mistake.
“Aren’t you angry about what I did today? I’m really sorry,” I said in a low voice. He smiled and replied, “Experience is simply the name we give our mistakes. Your most dissatisfying events are your greatest source of learning.”I stared at Joy with gratitude. He taught me the most important professional lesson of my life.
9．Why did the author turn to Joy for the task?
A．To show off her talent. B．To get herself recognized.
C．To report an exhibition. D．To make friends with Yechury.
10．What was the author anxious about in paragraph 3?
A．Losing her job. B．Hunting for a job.
C．Admitting a mistake. D．Damaging the tapes.
11．What does the underlined word “reprove” mean in paragraph 4?
A．Forgive. B．Defend. C．Suspect. D．Blame.
12．What may the author learn from Joy’s words?
A．No pains, no gains. B．Admitting mistakes matters.
C．Mistakes will make us grow. D．Failure is the mother of success.

The dark days of the Depression saw an increased demand for stories that excite children in new ways and support them in processing difficult emotions. The features of personalized books meet this need well. With personalized Loss Books, children read about losing a family member. With personalized Me and My Pet Books, children read about how they first met their dogs or cats. Identified as the main driver of the rapidly growing interactive children’s book market, personalized books are far from a gimmick (噱头).
Personalized books are printed or digital books that have been tailored to the needs of a specific child. They follow a simple principle: the publisher provides the users with a pattern, which parents populate with children’s data. Thanks to the advanced print-on-demand possibilities of small-scale publishers, it’s not difficult to create a personalized version of any story.
Publishers claim that personalized books teach children empathy (同理心) and encourage love for reading. Now, you might think that it is surely what all parents and teachers want, so should we replace all books with personalized stories?
Recent observational studies confirmed publishers’ claim that children are highly engaged and motivated to read personalized books. However, in a recent study, we compared children’s understanding of the moral of a story and its application to their lives after they read a personalized, non-personalized or control story. Although children who read personalized stories had more detailed retellings, there was no other difference between the three groups.
This could be because the differences among the children were higher than the effect of personalization. Studies with personalized books are too few for us to know for sure.
Besides, while personal stories are often used in therapeutic (治疗性的) practice or in children with special educational needs, personalized stories are a new writing style, raising many open questions. The misuse of children’s personal data and the moral questions concerning diversity make one wonder how “personalized” the books actually are. The other key point lies in directing children’s focus towards the other. Meanwhile, experts point out that given the increased focus on personalized learning during the gloomy days and the need to customize children’s reading experiences, the rising trend of personalized books will continue.
13．What can we learn about personalized books?
A．They are mainly in digital form. B．They are created by young writers.
C．They are popular among children. D．They are highly praised by teachers.
14．What does the recent study suggest?
A．The varieties of personalized stories need expanding.
B．The effects of personalized stories need further study.
C．Personalized stories build up children’s sense of justice.
D．Personalized stories help children apply what they learn.
15．What’s the author’s attitude to personalized books?
A．Concerned. B．Critical.
C．Positive. D．Objective.
16．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Personalized Books: a Trick or a Treat
B．How Personalized Books Benefit Children
C．Personalized Books: a Must or an Option
D．How Personalized Books Meet Special Needs

Here are some Gap Year events for you to choose.
Visitoz
It’s the only organization in Australia that guarantees jobs for young people coming to our country on a Work and Holiday Visa. For young Americans this is a huge chance to get away from home and stand on their own two feet to make their own decisions. And it could also be a very pivotal chance for those kids who itch to own their new lifestyle.
Phone: 4168-6106
Email: info@Dvisitoz.org
The Experiment in International Living
It provides summer abroad programs for high school students who are always aiming to be a “genteel” learner engaging in many foreign countries with “fecund” programs that are designed to equip participants not only with essential cultural skills and, in many cases, language skills, but also with a deeper awareness of and sensitivity to critical global issues shaping the diverse communities and regions we visit.
Phone: 800-345-2929
Email: experiment@worldlearning.org
The International School for Earth Studies
A private and sagacious institution! We are always devoting ourselves to explore and delve students’ dowry and instinct of keeping a kind of sense to touch the earth by making them grow a seed and witness a sprout stretching from the soil. Meanwhile, we will also appeal them to be a forerunner on the marching towards protecting the earth’s environment.
Phone: 819-647-3226
Email: info@earthstudies.ca
Expedition Education Institute
Are you affectionate about intriguing and venerable nature world? Will you burst into a smile with rapture when seeing the nature world become better and better? Do you have a habit of stint and recycling? Expedition Education Institute can provide every ecologist dreamer(students in gap year limited)with this opportunity to be erudite in environment and create a wonderful world!
Phone: 207-322-2973
Email: Info@expeditioneducation.org
17．If you want to learn to be independent which of the following number should you dial?
A．819-647-3226. B．207-322-2973. C．800-345-2929. D．4168-6106.
18．Which one attracts a student interested in different cultures most?
A．Visitoz. B．Expedition Education Institute.
C．The Experiment in International Living. D．The International School for Earth Studies.
19．What do the last two programs have in common?
A．They help students to be life-long learners.
B．They aim at making students become influential persons.
C．They help students develop responsibility and creativity.
D．They offer a unique opportunity for students to improve academically.

Three astronauts stationed in China’s Tiangong space station are preparing for their return trip in the middle of April, packing up personal items, experimental products and other materials, putting equipment into place and exercising to prepare their bodies for Earth’s gravity.
The astronauts, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, have to tidy up a large number of materials, including goods on the Tianzhou 3 cargo spacecraft, said Zhong Weiwei, an associate researcher at the China Astronaut Research and Training Center.
Living in space about six months, a record in China’s history, they have completed more than 20 scientific tasks and will bring back samples with them, according to Zhong.
He said the astronauts have to put all equipment in place since there will be a gap of more than one month before the astronauts of ShenzhouⅩⅣ enter the space station.
The physical conditions and psychological states of the three astronauts are better than expected, meeting the requirements for a return trip, said the associate researcher from the center’s aerospace medical engineering office.
Based on their in-orbit physical examinations and data, experts have adjusted exercise plans for them to keep fitness in order to ensure a safe landing, Zhong said.
The Shenzhou ⅩⅢ mission was launched on Oct 16 by a Long March 2F carrier rocket that blasted off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwestern China’s Gobi Desert, with the crew soon entering the Tiangong station.
Besides their tasks, they have also delivered two live lectures from the space station, showing the students their living and working areas at the Tianhe core module and several scientific experiments under zero-gravity conditions and answering real-time questions from students.
20．What record did the three astronauts make in China’s history?
A．They have finished over twenty scientific missions
B．They have lived in space about six months.
C．They will bring back some samples from space.
D．They have made great contributions to China’s space exploration.
21．Which of the following about the astronauts is true according to the passage?
A．The astronauts gave two lessons in space to the students on the earth.
B．The astronauts adjusted their exercise plans due to bad body condition.
C．The astronauts only need to keep physically healthy before returning.
D．The astronauts have already put all equipment in the right place.
22．Which of the following has the similar meaning to the underlined part in paragraph 7?
A．go off B．boosted off C．took off D．put off
23．What’s the best title of the passage?
A．Successful returning from space. B．Big record made by China’s astronauts.
C．Great contributions of China’s astronauts. D．Preparations for returning the Earth.

When you add “nano” to the front of a word, it means you are talking about something very small. A nanometer (nm), for example, is one billionth of a meter.
Nanomedicine is the medical application of nanotechnology. It can take a wide variety of forms and greatly helps with both the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. It also has a lot of promise in developing new medications. In 1965, a British scientist was examining the properties of cells using an electron microscope. He found that the molecules that make up cell membranes (膜) can be made into a useful shape. The result was the creation of the liposome (脂质体), a brand-new nanoparticle that could be used as a drug- delivery system.
In 1995, the first cancer treatment drug using liposomes was approved in the U.S. Since then, major developments have been made in the production of liposomes that have increased their usefulness in health care.
It all sounds complicated, but in simple terms a liposome is nothing more than a nanometer-sized container that can carry medicine to a targeted part of the body.
The outside of the capsule can be keyed to connect only with certain types of cells. This targets the delivery of the medication to those cells only. Additionally, the medication itself is protected from breaking down as it travels through the body by the protective walls of the liposome.
The ability of liposome to protect the medication they carry proved vital in 2020 when researchers were developing a new type of vaccine using mRNA (信使核糖核酸). Cells use mRNA to produce proteins, but mRNA degrades within hours in humans. Inside a liposome, however, mRNA can be stabilized long enough to do a special job: instructing cells inside our bodies to create a copy of a foreign protein. In this case, cells copy a small protein unique to the COVID-19 virus, which safely activates the body’s immune system and prevents infection.
Nanomedicine has already made a huge impact on public health and promises great things in the future.
24．What do we know about nanomedicine?
A．It is aimed to create the liposome. B．It is focused on studying DNA．
C．It is applied in public health. D．It is used to deliver medication in the body.
25．What is the function of the liposome?
A．It can carry drugs to any part of the body. B．It can stabilize the medication inside it.
C．It can activate the body’s immune system. D．It can produce proteins.
26．What’s author’s attitude towards the nanomedicine?
A．Objective. B．Conservative. C．Ambiguous. D．Supportive.
27．What is the text mainly about?
A．The future of nanomedicine. B．The application of nanomedicine.
C．The research of nanomedicine. D．The development of nanomedicine.

According to The Straits Times, many wild animals have recently skipped onto empty streets in many cities.
In Spain, a wild boar climbed down the hills and wandered around Barcelona. Sika deer nosed their way around the deserted metro stations of Nara in Japan. A stag ran in the capital of the northern state of Uttarakhand in India.
“It is certainly great news for species,” Marcelo Giagnoni, the head of Chile’s agricultural and livestock service, told AFP. “This is the habitat they once had and that we’ve taken away from them.”
Hundreds of years ago, people lived in harmony with wildlife. They shared natural resources from sunlight to water and from forests to land. But as human beings evolved and formed their own civilizations, they jostled with animals for more space and resources. Gradually, human beings came to lose connection with nature. More skyscrapers have been built to meet the needs of the flock of people in the cities, which drove away many wild animals from their habitats.
However, the recent lockdown of cities during the pandemic gives a chance of “freeing a space for other animals” and reflecting on our relationship with nature, according to AFP. Stuck indoors, with their worlds reduced to a few square meters, urban people have suddenly become enthusiastic birdwatchers. British ornithologist(鸟类学者)David Lindo, who is known as the “urban birder”, has been posting and livestreaming birds he spots from the roof of the building in Spain where he has been quarantined(隔离).
“The sky is a great arena, anything can fly past and, at the very least, it will give you peace. My message is simple: keep looking up,” he told CTV News.
Just as AFP noted, right now “the most important phenomenon perhaps is our relationship with nature is changing—with people locked up in their homes realizing how much they miss nature”.
Though the lockdown may be temporary, it’s time for us to reflect upon our relationship with the environment. As AFP put it, “people should always have a need of nature”. By missing nature, humans may come to respect—and live in harmony with—nature once again.
28．What can we infer from Marcelo Giagnoni’s statements?
A．Wild animals have wandered around streets. B．Humans have to move away from their habitat.
C．Wild species were forced to flee their home. D．It is good for humans to get back their land.
29．What does the underlined word “jostle” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Push. B．Struggle. C．Creat. D．Discuss.
30．What can humans get from the lockdown of cities according to AFP?
A．Having easy access to free space. B．Getting a closer look at history.
C．Thinking about the bond with nature. D．Living in harmony with their families.
31．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Temporary Quarantine B．The Harmony of Nature C．Keep Looking up D．Wildlife Moves in

As a young girl growing up in France, Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader who could make the world a better place. Her passion to help others was awakened when, from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. There she organized homework clubs and activities for children.
Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification (沙漠化). “Within 10 years rich farmers became worse off, and in 10 years from now they will be poor. I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks.” A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification.
Toumi recognized that farming practices needed to change. She is confident that small land areas can bring large returns if farmers are able to adapt by planting sustainable crops, using new technologies for water treatment and focusing on natural products and fertilizers rather than chemicals.
In 2012, Toumi consolidated (巩固) her dream of fighting the desert. She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy (理念) into action. “I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are. Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertification and climate change than somebody who is living with no access to water.”
By September 2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 percent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. She expects to plant 1 million trees by 2018. In the next couple of years, Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco.
32．How did Toumi’s holiday trips to Tunisia influence her?
A．They made her decide to leave the country.
B．They helped her better understand her father.
C．They aroused her enthusiasm for helping others.
D．They destroyed her dream of being a teacher.
33．What is the main cause of the desertification of Tunisia’s farmland?
A．Low rainfall. B．Soil pollution. C．Cold weather. D．Forest damage.
34．Why did Toumi set up Acacias for All in Tunisia?
A．To create job opportunities for young people.
B．To help the children obtain a basic education.
C．To persuade the farmers not to use fertilizers.
D．To promote the protection of their farmland.
35．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Saving Water in Tunisia B．Holding back the Sahara
C．Planting Trees of Native Species D．Fighting Poverty in North Africa

Can you imagine that there are a huge number of tiny waste pieces in the Arctic (北冰洋的) sea ice? Because of the waste pieces,30,000 kinds of animals are in danger. It’s true that one person’s acts alone can’t help the planet. But each one of us can find ways to make our contributions.
In the home, we could try not to waste foods. Use a digital meal planner to get a right amount of food so that everything we buy and cook gets eaten. Learn how to store foods to keep them fresh longer. Be sure to use proper ways to keep our home warm. For example, we can replace old windows with energy-saving ones.
At the store, we could green our habits. Buy reusable plates, but not single-use ones. Buy home tissue (纸巾) not made of materials which may lead to destruction (破坏) of forests. Buy glass cups instead of paper ones.
In the community, we could help keep its plants healthy. Take part in tree-planting projects or grass-cutting activities to help plants grow well.
Our actions alone can’t save the planet, but the above ways and habits can help.
36．What puts so many animals in danger?
A．Cold ice. B．Waste pieces. C．Bad weather.
37．Why should we use a digital meal planner?
A．To avoid wasting foods.
B．To cook delicious foods.
C．To keep foods fresh.
38．What does the word “reusable” in the passage mean?
A．That can be kept long.
B．That can be used again.
C．That can be thrown away.
39．Why does the author write this passage?
A．To describe the future of the planet.
B．To encourage an environment friendly life.
C．To introduce shopping places for green products.

Salt was so valuable in ancient Rome that soldiers were sometimes paid with it. In fact, the word salary comes from the Latin word sal, for salt. When a soldier was doing an awful job, his paycheck might be cut, which is how we got the expression “not worth his salt.” Salt can still he valuable today. Amethyst Bamboo 9x salt, which rings up at &398 a pound, may be the most expensive in the world. This pricey stuff takes a lot of time to produce — it’s roasted nine times inside a bamboo pole at temperatures over 1,400 degrees F.
Historically, salt’s value came from its ability to preserve food. Venice, Italy, may be famous for its canals now, but salt imports helped its rise as an important trade power by the end of the 13th century. Salt also took on a great deal of symbolic value, like “old salt” referring to an experienced sailor. Salt is mentioned so many times in the Bible. For instance, “the salt of the earth” is used to describe a person who is dependable; “a covenant of salt” means a firm promise.
Most people know about the health risks associated with sodium (钠), but reducing your intake isn’t always easy. Even foods that don’t taste salty may contain it. If you are looking for sodium-free flavoring, try garlic, pepper, rosemary and other spices or herbs.
Still, we all need at least some salt. It promotes the transport of nutrients and oxygen, allows nerves to send messages, and helps our muscle work. The average adult’s body contains about 250 grams of sodium.
Consumption of too much salt can be deadly. For older folks especially, a heavy hand with the saltshaker may raise blood pressure, causing hypertension and hurt the head. A study of 975 people between the ages of 60 to 80 and with high blood pressure found that reducing sodium in their diets was associated with lower risk of headache.
40．Which of the following is used to describe a dependable person?
A．Worth their salt. B．Old salt.
C．A covenant of salt. D．The salt of the earth.
41．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．The more expensive salt is, the longer it takes to produce.
B．Old people with hypertension must choose sodium-free food.
C．Eating more salt is good for health.
D．Salt imports can establish a country as an international trade power.
42．What does the underlined word “saltshaker” refer to?
A．A recipe. B．A container. C．A gesture. D．A disease.
43．What is the passage mainly talking about?
A．Objective knowledge of salt. B．Advice on healthier eating habits.
C．Various amazing values of salt. D．Tips on reducing the health risk of salt.

On Friday night, Annika was swimming in Howe Sound off Bowyer Island in Canada. As she swam, she ran her hands through the dark water, admiring the beautiful sea. It was only when she was back on shore that she noticed her wedding ring was missing. “She turned the room inside out,” said Crockett, Annika’s husband, whose grandmother got the ring in 1944, and later passed it down to him.
The next morning, Annika contacted local diving schools, hoping someone would search for the ring. “I just sent a few emails,” she said. “But I didn’t think they’d be open or answering emails.” Fortunately, someone did. And they arrived an hour later.
The search was not easy, though. Crockett said the two divers searched the bottom of the ocean for an hour and a half. “They’d given up hope and they were actually swimming back, but then they spotted a baby octopus (章鱼),” he said, “They followed it for just a few seconds and then it led them to the ring.”
“Amazing,” said Annika. “Octopuses actually like bright things, from what I’ve heard.” This was confirmed by Chris Harley, who studies animals and their behavior. “Octopuses do like to collect various objects and leave them out in front of their homes,” he said.
The ring is now safely back on Annika’s finger, and she’s promised not to swim with it on again.But there was one other interesting moment in their engagement (订婚) story. When Crockett asked Annika to marry him, a whale showed up in the water near them. “I do think his grandma was part of this: a guardian angel (守护天使),” said Annika.
44．What was Annika’s immediate reaction when she found her ring missing?
A．She contacted local divers. B．She went back to the shore.
C．She apologized to her husband. D．She searched her room for it.
45．What do we know about the divers?
A．They actually came across the ring on the shore.
B．They were ready to leave empty­handed at first.
C．They found the ring after catching the octopus.
D．They stayed in the sea for more than 2 hours.
46．What might Chris Harley think of the act of the octopus?
A．Silly. B．Unique. C．Logical. D．Surprising.
47．What is the main idea of the text?
A．A couple had a special guardian angel.
B．A wedding ring was lost but found again.
C．An octopus helped a couple find their lost ring.
D．A couple talked about their engagement story.

Since the beginning of the summer in 2022, China has been very hot under the worst heatwave in decades. A number of people in Zhejiang, Henan, Jiangsu and Sichuan provinces were diagnosed with thermoplegia (热射病), the most severe form of heatstroke (中暑), and some even died of this disease.
In a warming world, the hazards of heatwaves are increasing. According to a study, the number of deaths caused by heatwaves in China has increased rapidly since 1979, from 3,679 persons per year in the 1980s to15, 500 persons per year in the 2010s.
High temperatures would accelerate the loss in soil moisture (水分) and hurt the growth of corn, cotton, trees and fruits. What’s more, each additional degree of warming will increase crop losses to insects by 10-25 percent, threatening food security for billions of people. China has witnessed a range of extreme weather events, including heavy rainfall, flooding, tornadoes and record heatwaves this year. Meteorological officials said the country had an average temperature of 21.3 degrees Celsius in June, 0.9 degrees Celsius higher than the same period on average, and the highest record for the same period since 1961.
Experts say that while extreme summer heat is not entirely new, these sorts of occurrences could be something that becomes a standard part of life, requiring people to start learning how to cope with heatwaves that may continue for the rest of summer and well into the future.
Remember that even healthy, young athletes can be harmed by extreme heat, so every activity, indoors or outdoors, should be evaluated when extreme heat hits. There are some ways to stay safe during extreme heat events, such as drinking plenty of water, looking for shade or remaining in shade when outside, and avoiding cooking large meals that can add heat to your indoor environment.
48．Why does the writer mention the four provinces in China?
A．To introduce the topic.
B．To identify the impact of the worst heat wave.
C．To show the rising growth of population.
D．To offer the accurate data for the thermoplegia.
49．What dos the underlined word “hazards” in paragraphs probably mean?
A．Benefits B．Outcomes.
C．Dangers. D．Expenses.
50．What can we infer from paragraph 3?
A．Rural areas suffer more from heat waves than cities.
B．China has witnessed the worst climate ever in 2022.
C．Climate change results in the decline in insect species.
D．High temperatures have negative effects on agriculture.
51．What does the writer want to convey in the last paragraph?
A．The tendency of heat waves in the future.
B．Ways to deal with extreme heat.
C．Effects of global warming on the environment.
D．The significance of keeping healthy in summer.

We use our middle names when filling out official papers, and when we write our initials (姓名的首字母) on something. But except that, we don’t use them every day. So why do we even have middle names in the first place?
Some people might answer, “It’s so my mom has three names to shout at me, so I know I’m in trouble.”
But there is history behind it, and it dates back to ancient Rome. At that time, people had three names, a personal name, a family name, and another name which showed what branch of family you were from. The more names you had, the more respected you were by others.
This tradition of names spread over to Western cultures in the 1700s.Aristocrats (贵族) would give their children long names to show their high place in society. Spanish and some other cultures would give their children names from their parents’ previous generations to be able to keep track of the child’s family tree.
But the way we use middle names today started in the Middle Ages when Europeans named their children with the given name first, baptismal (洗礼的) name second, and family name third. The tradition was spread to America as people started to go overseas.
Today, some people don’t even have middle names, some prefer to be called by their middle name, and some never even use theirs. But, just feel lucky that we don’t need to keep track of our family tree like some aristocrats used to and end up with 38 names.
52．When would we use middle names?
A．When calling our friends.
B．When writing to our parents.
C．When filling out official papers.
53．How might a mother feel when she shouts out her child’s three names.
A．Proud. B．Angry. C．Happy.
54．Why would aristocrats give their children long names?
A．To show their high place in society.
B．To show their respect for others.
C．To show their good memory.
55．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．It’s Cool to Have 38 Names
B．We Don’t Need Family Names
C．Why Do We Have Middle Names?

Our boat floated on between walls of forest. It was too thick to allow us a view of the land we were passing through, though we knew from the map that our river must from time to time be passing through chains of hills which crossed the jungle plains. Nowhere did we find a place where we could have landed: where the jungle did not actually spread right down into the river, banks of soft mud prevented us from going ashore. In any case, what would we have gained by landing? The country was full of snakes and other dangerous creatures and the jungle was so thick that one would be able to advance slowly, cutting one’s way with knives the whole way. So we stayed in the boat, hoping that when we reached the sea, a friendly fisherman would pick us up and take us to civilization.
As for water, there was a choice. We could drink the muddy river water, or die of thirst.We drank the water. Men who have just escaped from what appeared to be certain death lost all worries about such small things as diseases caused by dirty water. In fact, none of us suffered from any illness as a result.
One day we passed another village, but fortunately nobody saw us. We did not wish to risk being taken prisoners a second time: we might not be so lucky as to escape in a stolen boat again.
56．It can be inferred from the passage that the only thing they could see in a boat was________.
A．tall trees B．chains of hills
C．walls D．vast land
57．From the passage, we can learn that________.
A．they hoped that a friendly villager might help them
B．they did something wrong so they were put into prison
C．they drank the muddy river water out of thirsty
D．they were on a journey home
58．Which of the following statements is true?
A．They stole a boat and tried to escape from an uncivilized world.
B．They were taken prisoners for a second time.
C．They cut their way in the jungle with knives the whole way.
D．They were careful so none of them suffered from any illness.
59．The best title for this passage might be________.
A．The Problem of Landing
B．An Adventure along the River
C．An Entirely New Experience
D．An Escape in the Jungle

It is quite reasonable to blame traffic jams, the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life, but manners on the road are becoming horrible.Everybody knows that the nicest men would become fierce tigers behind the wheel.It is all right to have a tiger in a cage, but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter.
Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too.It takes the most cool­headed drivers great patience to give up the desire to beat back when forced to face rude driving.On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards reducing the possibility of quarrelling and fighting.A friendly nod or a wave of thanks in answer to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of good will and calm so necessary in modern traffic conditions.But such behaviors of politeness are by no means enough.Many drivers nowadays don’t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.
However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous.Typical examples are the driver who waves a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path of oncoming cars that may be not able to stop in time.The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to.
An experienced driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if drivers learnt to correctly join in traffic stream without causing total blockages that give rise to unpleasant feelings.Unfortunately, modern drivers can’t even learn to drive, let alone master the roadmanship.Years ago, experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more give­and­take from all road users.It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.
60．The passage mainly talks about________.
A．road politeness B．traffic jams C．good manners D．modern drivers
61．According to the writer, a good driver should________.
A．beat back when forced to face rude driving
B．be able to recognize politeness when he sees it
C．encourage old ladies to cross the roads whenever they want to
D．join in traffic stream quickly however other people feel
62．The following statements are right EXCEPT that________.
A．some modern drivers are not good at driving
B．road politeness is good sense as well as good manners
C．it is also right to have a tiger in the driver’s seat
D．a friendly driver should nod or wave thanks in answer to an act of politeness
63．It is not always right for drivers to________.
A．master roadmanship
B．recognize politeness when they see it
C．wave a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path
D．give a friendly nod in answer to an act of politeness

Learning a Second Language
Some people learn a second language easily. Others have trouble learning a new language. How can you help yourself learn a new  language, such as English? There are several ways to make learning English a little easier and more interesting.
The first step is to feel positive about learning English. If you believe that you can learn, you will learn. Be patient. You do not have to understand everything all at once. It is natural to make mistakes when you learn something new. We can learn from our mistakes. In other words, do not worry about taking risks.
The second step is to practice your English. For example, write a diary every day. You will get used to writing it in English, and you will feel comfortable expressing your ideas in English. Several weeks later, you will see that your writing is improving. In addition, you must speak English every day. You can practice with your classmates outside class.You will all make mistakes, but gradually you will become comfortable communicating in English.
The third step is to keep a record of your language learning. You can write this in your journal. After each class, think about what you did. Did you answer a question correctly? Did you understand something the teacher explained? Perhaps the lesson was difficult, but you tried to understand it.
You must be positive about learning English and believe that you can do it. It is important to practice every day and make a record of your achievements. You will enjoy learning English, and you will feel more confident in yourself.
64．To feel positive about learning English means________.
A．if you are patient, you will learn
B．you can understand everything all at once
C．if you make mistakes, you can learn from your mistakes
D．if you believe you can learn, you will learn
65．What is not helpful for you to enjoy learning English?
A．To communicate in English.
B．To worry about taking risks.
C．To think about what has been done after each class.
D．To make a record of the achievements.
66．What is the main idea of this passage?
A．It is very important to learn a second language.
B．Some people learn a second language easily while other people do not.
C．There are ways to help you learn a second language more easily.
D．Don’t worry about taking risks when learning a second language.
67．What does the underlined word “journal” in the 4th paragraph mean?
A．Diary B．Composition
C．Poem D．Newspaper

Istanbul has been around for centuries. Sure, it’s changed its name a few times over the years, but the location has always been the same. And in those years, there was no need at all for wide lanes. The term “rush hour” wasn’t even invented yet. The only traffic was an occasional horse-drawn carriage. The result is that the city center consists of very narrow streets.
All the action (night­life, tourist attractions, etc.) is located in the city center, making people travel daily between their homes in the suburbs and their offices in downtown Istanbul. Besides, Istanbul is not only surrounded (环绕) by water, it’s also twice divided by it. The only way to get from one shore to the other is through bridges. And it is true of all bridges. They’ll get stuck easily.
On a normal dry day, morning rush hour starts as early as 7 a.m. and lasts until around 10 a.m.. After a short cool ­ off period, traffic again starts peaking (达到高峰) from 4 p.m. to 9:30 p.m..
As soon as traffic jams start building up, drivers try to find alternative roads. And once found, they race through them trying to catch up on time already lost. But it doesn’t work. So they immediately turned to plan B. Make the most use of the road at hand. Lanes painted on the surface must be for decorative purposes, since you would be surprised how easily they can change a three-lane road into a five-lane one. On highways, the emergency lanes are taken, too. And of course, horns are blown as much as possible.
Of course the city’s government is making great efforts now to deal with these problems. Extra tunnels, subways, tramways and bus ­ only lanes have been made available or are under construction. Also Electronic Detection Systems are used to detect and fine drivers who abuse the emergency lanes or drive through red traffic lights.
And although Turkish drivers are certainly not among the worst in the world, paying little attention to basic traffic rule, scrowding into the smallest space available, turning across the roads and blocking emergency lanes make traffic jams unable to be dealt with timely. They’re also part of the problem.
68．Which of the following is TRUE of Istanbul?
A．It has changed its location.
B．It has had different names.
C．The streets were busy in the past.
D．The government divided it into two parts.
69．The underlined part “plan B” in the fourth paragraph refers to “________”．
A．taking the nearest road
B．looking for another road
C．taking an emergency lane
D．driving as fast as possible
70．Which of the following is one of the causes of traffic Jams in Istanbul?
A．No emergency lanes are available.
B．There are many bridges over water.
C．Lanes painted on the surface are narrow.
D．Quite a few drivers break traffic rules.

Universal Beijing Resort
Universal Beijing Resort is a theme park destination with several all-new attractions along with the best Universal rides, shows and attractions from around the world.
The Wizarding World of Harry PotterTM
From magical spells to magical creatures, from bad guys to daring heroes, it’s all here at The Wizarding World of Harry PotterTM.
Jurassic World Isla Nublar
Board on an adventure 65 million years in the making: Jurassic World Isla Nublar. It is open and realizes John Hammond’s dream of a world-class destination of prehistoric wonders and breathtaking scenic beauty.
Kung Fu Panda Land of Awesomeness
Here you can meet your favorite characters from Kung Fu Panda and may even pick up some fighting techniques.
Hollywood
Take an exciting walk through the charm of the Hollywood! Day or night, the thrill of Tinseltown is all around, and where the true excitement of Universal Studios Beijing’s Hollywood comes alive.
Safe and orderly entry
According to the latest pandemic control and prevention requirement, starting from Dec. 7, all guests no longer need to provide NAT(核酸检测)results when entering Universal Beijing Resort. We will strictly limit the number of visitors and require reservation for admission. All guests are required to provide Beijing Health Code, check ID card and carry out temperature detection before entering.
Operation hour: Monday-Friday: 10: 00-19: 00
Saturday-Sunday: 9: 00-20: 00
71．Which of the following will attract a visitor interested in the prehistoric period?
A．Hollywood. B．Jurassic World Isla Nublar.
C．The Wizarding World of Harry PotterTM. D．Kung Fu Panda Land of Awesomeness.
72．What are visitors required to do when entering Universal Beijing Resort?
A．Provide NAT results. B．Register for ID card.
C．Check their temperature. D．Buy health insurance.
73．When can visitors enter Universal Beijing Resort?
A．Sunday 10: 00. B．Saturday 8: 30.
C．Friday 19: 30. D．Monday 9: 30.

Australia has released a new map which paints a shocking picture of the damage that the Great Barrier Reef—a 2,300-kilometer string of coral reefs(珊瑚礁) along Australia’s northeast coast has suffered in recent months.
The Great Barrier Reef is made up of 2, 900 smaller reefs. Of the 911 individual reefs that researchers surveyed, a shocking 93 percent experienced some form of bleaching(白化).
“Researchers have yet to finalize the amount of damage, but early data suggest that in the northern Great Barrier Reef, about half of the bleached corals are dying. In some areas, the final number probably will be greater than 90 percent,” says Mark Eakin of the National Coral Reef Watch program. “Having such a large area of the Great Barrier Reef affected so severely by bleaching, especially in the northern region, where the corals are least affected by human activities, is very troubling.”
The problem, he says, is that climate change has warmed baseline ocean temperatures, which increases the frequency of warming events severe enough to cause bleaching.
“If the climate change continues unabated, temperatures will continue to rise, threatening coral reefs worldwide with increasingly severe and frequent bleaching,” he warns. “By the middle of the 21st century, we’re going to be seeing bleaching on most reefs around the world. And if it takes decades for reefs to recover even under the best conditions, and bleaching events become more and more frequent, it doesn’t necessarily give reefs time to recover.”
Eakin notes, however, that the UN’s ambitious Paris Agreement could help if it were immediately and seriously carried out. The international agreement calls for keeping global warming to 1. 5℃ above pre-industrial average.
The Great Barrier Reef is home to more than 1,500 species of fish. What’s more, the UNESCO World Heritage site is a tourism powerhouse, supporting about 70,000 jobs and pumping more than five billion dollars into the Australian economy.
74．How many reefs have already been surveyed?
A．93. B．911. C．2,697. D．2,900.
75．Why is Mark Eakin particularly worried about the bleaching in the north?
A．It is home to the largest coral reef. B．It has suffered the most serious damage.
C．It is obviously affected by human activities. D．It shows the serious effect of global warming.
76．What does the word “unabated” underlined in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A．Uncontrolled. B．Unsupported. C．Unrelated. D．Unrecorded.
77．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．Australia’s dependence on tourism. B．The Paris Agreement’s significance.
C．The importance of the Great Barrier Reef. D．The huge number of animals in the reefs.












参考答案：
1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A

【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了马拉松运动员Molly Seidel因为接受心理治疗，放弃2016年美国奥运会选拔赛的经历，并通过其余的例子来表明这一现象的普遍性。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段关键句“She skipped the 2016 U. S. Olympic trials to make her mental health a priority.(她没有参加2016年美国奥运会选拔赛，以优先考虑她的心理健康)”及“Treatment changed everything.(治疗改变了一切)”可知，Molly Seidel放弃2016年美国奥运会选拔赛是为了接受心理治疗。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“Despite the conventional wisdom that the career of a professional athlete should be an unbroken upward path to peak performance, Seidel stepped away to protect her health, recovered, and came back stronger.(尽管传统观念认为，职业运动员的职业生涯应该是一条通往巅峰的不间断的上升之路，但塞德尔为了保护自己的健康，离开了赛场，康复后变得更强)”可知，传统观点认为，职业运动员往往会坚持训练，直到成功。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第三段关键句“But the story of this most recent Olympics was athletes choosing to protect their health instead of sacrificing it to compete.(但最近一届奥运会的故事是，运动员选择保护自己的健康，而不是牺牲自己的健康来参加比赛)”及第四段给出的运动员退赛的例子表明，如今运动员更关注自己的健康。故选C项。
4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段关键句“Seidel’s Olympic performance proves this approach: Giving yourself time to heal and rest is not just the compassionate thing to do for your health. It can be also the smartest strategy for success.(赛德尔在奥运会上的表现证明了这种方法：给自己时间来恢复和休息，不仅仅是为了你的健康而做的一件富有同情心的事情。这也是最聪明的成功策略)”可知，作者对于像Seidel一样的运动员持有支持态度。故选A项。
5．B 6．B 7．A 8．D

【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了Jane Addam将自己贡献于安置房的建立。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When she was young, Addams’ father taught her kindness and care for people.(在她小的时候，Addam的父亲教育她与人为善、关爱他人)” 可知，她生长在一个有爱心的家庭，故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In 1889 she and a college friend moved into the slums of Chicago and inspired by Toynbee Hall, they set up Hull House, one of the first settlement houses in the United States.(在1899年，她和大学朋友搬到了芝加哥的贫民窟，受到Toynbee Hall的鼓励，她们建立了美国第一个安置房Hull House。)”可知，一次去Toynbee Hall的到访，让她决定建立Hull House，故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“It included a night school for adults, kindergarten classes, clubs for older children, a public kitchen, an art building, a coffee house, a gymnasium, a swimming pool, a music school, a drama group, and a library.(它包括一个成人夜校，幼儿园班级、年龄较大的儿童俱乐部、一个公共厨房、一座艺术楼、一座咖啡馆、一个体育馆、一个游泳池、一所音乐学校、一个戏剧团和一个图书馆。)”可知，Hull House为人们提供了多种多样的公众服务，故选A。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“At the same time, Addams spoke and wrote widely about settlement work. As a result, a nationwide settlement house movement began.(与此同时，Addams广泛地讨论和撰写有关安置工作的文章。因此，一场全国性的定居房屋运动开始了。)”和最后一段“When World War I broke out, she gave speeches to call on people to fight for peace. In 1931, she became the first American woman to be given the Nobel Peace Prize.(第一次世界大战结束时，她发表演讲，呼吁人们为和平二战。1931年，她成为了第一位获得诺贝尔和平奖的美国女性。)”可知， Addams对定居房屋运动和世界和平作出了贡献，故选D。
9．B 10．A 11．D 12．C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者刚参加工作时，因为急于表现出现了失误，在和资深同事Joy的对话中了解到错误帮助我们成长这个道理。
9．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“I was then new to the world of reporting and often sent for easier assignments, but I was eager to get my hands on the tougher stuff to make a positive impression on my seniors.(这是我大学毕业后的第一份工作。当时我刚开始做报道，经常被派去做比较简单的任务，但我很想亲自去做比较困难的工作，以便给前辈留下积极的印象)”和第二段“I convinced a senior colleague named Joy to let me follow his meeting with Sitaram Yechury, who was then a member of the Rajya Sabha.(我说服了一位名叫乔伊的资深同事，让我跟踪他与西塔拉姆·耶丘利(Sitaram Yechury)的会面，后者当时是印度联邦院(Rajya Sabha)的成员)”可知，为了让自己得到认可，作者求助于乔伊。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Was this going to cost me my job, the one I had tried so hard to land?(这会让我失去我的工作吗，我费尽心思才找到的那份工作？)”可知，作者因为害怕失去工作而感到焦虑。故选A。
11．词句猜测题。根据上文“Was this going to cost me my job, the one I had tried so hard to land? When Joy approached and asked me for the sound bite, I broke down.(这会让我失去我的工作吗，我费尽心思才找到的那份工作？当乔伊走过来问我要录音片段时，我崩溃了)”和下文中的“mistake”可知，他没有责备我的错误。reprove意为“责备”，和“blame”意思一样。故选D。
12．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“He smiled and replied, “Experience is simply the name we give our mistakes. Your most dissatisfying events are your greatest source of learning. ”(他笑着回答说：“经验只是我们给错误取的名字。你最不满意的事情是你学习的最大来源。”)”可推知，从Joy的话中，作者学会了错误教会我们成长。故选C。
13．C 14．B 15．D 16．A

【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了个性化书籍是噱头还是好事。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Identified as the main driver of the rapidly growing interactive children’s book market, personalized books are far from a gimmick(噱头).(作为快速增长的交互式儿童图书市场的主要驱动力，个性化图书远非噱头)”和文章第四段“Recent observational studies confirmed publishers’ claim that children are highly engaged and motivated to read personalized books.(最近的观察性研究证实了出版商的说法，即孩子们对阅读个性化书籍有很高的参与度和积极性)”可推知，个性化书籍很受孩子们的欢迎。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“However, in a recent study, we compared children’s understanding of the moral of a story and its application to their lives after they read a personalized, non-personalized or control story. Although children who read personalized stories had more detailed retellings, there was no other difference between the three groups.( 然而，在最近的一项研究中，我们比较了孩子们在阅读了个性化、非个性化或对照故事后，对故事寓意的理解及其在生活中的应用。虽然阅读个性化故事的孩子复述得更详细，但三组之间没有其他区别)”和文章第五段“This could be because the differences among the children were higher than the effect of personalization. Studies with personalized books are too few for us to know for sure.(这可能是因为孩子之间的差异大于个性化的影响。个性化书籍的研究太少了，我们无法确定)”可知，最近的研究表明个性化故事的效果需要进一步研究。故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Recent observational studies confirmed publishers’ claim that children are highly engaged and motivated to read personalized books. However, in a recent study, we compared children’s understanding of the moral of a story and its application to their lives after they read a personalized, non-personalized or control story. Although children who read personalized stories had more detailed retellings, there was no other difference between the three groups.(最近的观察性研究证实了出版商的说法，即孩子们对阅读个性化书籍有很高的参与度和积极性。然而，在最近的一项研究中，我们比较了孩子们在阅读了个性化、非个性化或对照故事后，对故事寓意的理解及其在生活中的应用。虽然阅读个性化故事的孩子复述得更详细，但三组之间没有其他区别)”和文章第六段“Besides, while personal stories are often used in therapeutic(治疗性的)practice or in children with special educational needs, personalized stories are a new writing style, raising many open questions. The misuse of children’s personal data and the moral questions concerning diversity make one wonder how ”personalized” the books actually are.(此外，虽然个人故事经常用于治疗实践或有特殊教育需求的儿童，但个性化故事是一种新的写作风格，提出了许多悬而未决的问题。儿童个人数据的滥用和关于多样性的道德问题，让人怀疑这些书到底有多“个性化”)”可知，作者既提到了个性化书籍的优点，也提出了不足之处，因此作者对个性化书籍的态度是客观的。故选D。
16．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Besides, while personal stories are often used in therapeutic (治疗性的) practice or in children with special educational needs, personalized stories are a new writing style, raising many open questions. The misuse of children’s personal data and the moral questions concerning diversity make one wonder how ”personalized” the books actually are.(出版商声称，个性化的书籍教会孩子们同理心，鼓励他们热爱阅读。现在，你可能会认为这肯定是所有家长和老师想要的，所以我们应该用个性化的故事取代所有的书吗？)”和最后一段的”“Besides, while personal stories are often used in therapeutic (治疗性的) practice or in children with special educational needs, personalized stories are a new writing style, raising many open questions. The misuse of children’s personal data and the moral questions concerning diversity make one wonder how “personalized” the books actually are. The other key point lies in directing children’s focus towards the other. (此外，虽然个人故事经常用于治疗实践或有特殊教育需求的儿童，但个性化故事是一种新的写作风格，引发了许多悬而未决的问题。儿童个人数据的滥用和关于多样性的道德问题，让人怀疑这些书到底有多“个性化”。另一个关键点在于将孩子的注意力引向对方)”可知，文章主要讨论了个性化书籍是噱头还是好事。故选A。
17．D 18．C 19．B

【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了四种在（Gap Year）空缺年可以选择的活动项目。
17．细节理解题。根据Visitoz中关键句“For young Americans this is a huge chance to get away from home and stand on their own two feet to make their own decisions.(对于年轻的美国人来说，这是一个离开家，独立自主做决定的大好机会)”可知，Visitoz可以帮助年轻人学习独立，对应电话号码为4168-6106。故选D项。
18．细节理解题。根据The Experiment in International Living中关键句“It provides summer abroad programs for high school students who are always aiming to be a “genteel” learner engaging in many foreign countries with “fecund” programs that are designed to equip participants not only with essential cultural skills and, in many cases, language skills, but also with a deeper awareness of and sensitivity to critical global issues shaping the diverse communities and regions we visit.(它为那些一直致力于成为“优雅”学习者的高中生提供暑期海外项目，参与许多外国的“丰富”项目，旨在使参与者不仅具备基本的文化技能，在许多情况下的语言技能，而且对影响我们所访问的不同社区和地区的关键全球问题有更深的认识和敏感性)”可知，The Experiment in International Living最能吸引对不同文化感兴趣的学生。故选C项。
19．推理判断题。根据The International School for Earth Studies中关键句“Meanwhile, we will also appeal them to be a forerunner on the marching towards protecting the earth’s environment.(同时，我们也将呼吁他们成为保护地球环境的先行者)”及Expedition Education Institute中关键句“Expedition Education Institute can provide every ecologist dreamer(students in gap year limited)with this opportunity to be erudite in environment and create a wonderful world!(探险教育学院可以为每一位生态梦想家（仅限空缺年学生）提供这个机会，让他们在环境中博学，创造一个美好的世界)”可知，最后两个项目的目标是使学生成为有影响力的人。故选B项。
20．B 21．A 22．C 23．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国三名宇航员在太空生活了约六个月，完成了20多项科研任务，他们正在着手准备返航工作。
20．细节理解题。根据第三段“Living in space about six months, a record in China’s history, they have completed more than 20 scientific tasks and will bring back samples with them”（他们在太空中生活了大约6个月，这是中国历史上的一项记录，他们已经完成了20多项科学任务，并将带回样本。）可知，这三名宇航员在中国历史上创造了在太空生活六个月的记录。故选B项。
21．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Besides their tasks, they have also delivered two live lectures from the space station, showing the students their living and working areas at the Tianhe core module and several scientific experiments under zero-gravity conditions and answering real-time questions from students.”（除了他们的任务，他们还在空间站上进行了两次现场讲座，向学生们展示了天河号核心舱的生活和工作区域，以及零重力条件下的几项科学实验，并回答了学生们的实时问题。）可知，宇航员在太空给地球上的学生进行了两次现场讲座。故选A项。
22．词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段第一句“The Shenzhou ⅩⅢ mission was launched on Oct 16 by a Long March 2F carrier rocket”（神舟飞船ⅩⅢ于10月16日由长征2F运载火箭发射升空）及最后一句“with the crew soon entering the Tiangong station”（宇航员很快会进入天宫站）可知，长征2F运载火箭会从位于中国西北部戈壁沙漠的酒泉卫星发射中心发射，把宇航员送入太空。故推测blasted off意为“发射”。故选C项。
23．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Three astronauts stationed in China’s Tiangong space station are preparing for their return trip in the middle of April, packing up personal items, experimental products and other materials, putting equipment into place and exercising to prepare their bodies for Earth’s gravity.”（驻扎在中国天宫空间站的三名宇航员正在为4月中旬的返程做准备，他们正在打包个人物品、实验产品和其他材料，将设备安置到位，并进行锻炼，为身体适应地球引力做好准备。）该句是本文的主旨句并结合后文对完成设备安置工作和宇航员调整身心以适应地球着陆的描述可知，本文主要描述了宇航员返回地区的准备工作。故选D项。


24．C 25．A 26．D 27．B

【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了纳米医学的应用。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Nanomedicine is the medical application of nanotechnology.( 纳米医学是纳米技术在医学上的应用。)”根据“Nanomedicine has already made a huge impact on public health and promises great things in the future.( 纳米医学已经对公共卫生产生了巨大的影响，并且未来大有前途。)”可知，纳米医学应用在公共健康中。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段的“The result was the creation of the liposome (脂质体), a brand-new nanoparticle that could be used as a drug- delivery system.(结果是脂质体的产生，这是一种全新的纳米颗粒，可以用作药物输送系统。)”以及第三段的“It all sounds complicated, but in simple terms a liposome is nothing more than a nanometer-sized container that can carry medicine to a targeted part of the body.( 这一切听起来都很复杂，但简单地说，脂质体只不过是一个纳米大小的容器，它可以将药物运送到身体的目标部位。)”可知，脂质体可以携带药物到身体的任何部分。故选A。
26．推理判断题。根据第三段的“It all sounds complicated, but in simple terms a liposome is nothing more than a nanometer-sized container that can carry medicine to a targeted part of the body.( 这一切听起来都很复杂，但简单地说，脂质体只不过是一个纳米大小的容器，它可以将药物运送到身体的目标部位。)”以及最后一段“Nanomedicine has already made a huge impact on public health and promises great things in the future.( 纳米医学已经对公共卫生产生了巨大的影响，并且未来大有前途。)”可推动，作者对纳米医学持有支持的态度。故选D。
27．主旨大意题。根据第二段首句“Nanomedicine is the medical application of nanotechnology.( 纳米医学是纳米技术在医学上的应用。)”，最后一段“Nanomedicine has already made a huge impact on public health and promises great things in the future.( 纳米医学已经对公共卫生产生了巨大的影响，并且未来大有前途。)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了纳米医学的应用。故选B。
28．C 29．B 30．C 31．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了当人类因为疫情隔离在家时，动物开始重新出现在街道，而这里曾是他们的家园，是因为人类的发展才迫使他们离开，因此人类需要重新思考和自然的关系，学习和自然和谐相处。
28．推理判断题。根据第三段“It is certainly great news for species,” Marcelo Giagnoni, the head of Chile’s agricultural and livestock service, told AFP. “This is the habitat they once had and that we’ve taken away from them.””（“这对物种来说无疑是个好消息，”智利农业和畜牧业服务部门负责人马塞洛·贾格诺尼告诉法新社。“这是它们曾经拥有的栖息地，而我们却夺走了它们的栖息地。”）可知，我们能从马塞洛·贾格诺尼的陈述中推断出野生物种被迫逃离家园。故选C项。
29．词义猜测题。根据划线单词句中的“But as human beings evolved and formed their own civilizations,”（但随着人类进化并形成了自己的文明）以及下文“Gradually, human beings came to lose connection with nature.”（渐渐地，人类与自然失去了联系。）故可猜测，划线单词jostle为“竞争，争夺”的意思，结合选项B项Struggle“争夺，争抢”意思一致。故选B项。
30．细节理解题。根据第五段中“However, the recent lockdown of cities during the pandemic gives a chance of “freeing a space for other animals” and reflecting on our relationship with nature, according to AFP.”（然而，据法新社报道，最近疫情期间的城市封锁提供了一个“为其他动物腾出空间”的机会，并反思我们与自然的关系。）可知，据法新社报道，人类能从城市封锁中思考与自然的联系。故选C项。
31．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“According to The Straits Times, many wild animals have recently skipped onto empty streets in many cities.”（据《海峡时报》报道，最近许多城市的空旷街道上都出现了许多野生动物。）说明本文是一则新闻，文章开头第一段为新闻导语，指出了很多动物开始出现在空旷的街道上。故本文的合适标题是：野生动物来了。故选D项。
32．C 33．A 34．D 35．B

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公图米在假期陪伴父亲回突尼斯东部的出生地后，激发了她要帮助当地人的热情，由此创立了Acacias for All项目，种植金合欢树，保护当地农田免遭撒哈拉沙漠吞噬，实践其可持续农业的理念。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Her passion to help others was awakened when, from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. (从9岁起，她就开始在假期陪伴她来自于突尼斯的父亲去突尼斯东部的出生地，这激发了她帮助他人的热情。)”可知，图米去突尼斯度假的经历唤醒了她帮助他人的热情。故选C项。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification. (平均降雨量的减少和干旱严重程度的增加导致突尼斯大约75%的农业土地受到沙漠化的威胁。)”可知，降雨量少是突尼斯农田沙漠化的主要原因。故选A项。
34．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句“She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy (理念) into action. (她搬到突尼斯，并建立了一个名为Acacias for All的项目，将她的可持续农业理念付诸行动。)”，最后一段中“By September 2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 percent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. (截至2016年9月，在20个试点农场种植了13万多棵金合欢树，农民记录其成活率达到60%。图米估计，为了保护突尼斯的农田，大约需要300万棵金金合欢。)”可知，她创立Acacias for All项目的目的是保护当地的农田。故选D项。
35．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其最后一段中“By September 2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 per cent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. (截至2016年9月，在20个试点农场种植了13万多棵金合欢树，农民记录其成活率达到60%。图米估计，为了保护突尼斯的农田，大约需要300万棵金合槐。)”可知，文章讲述的是主人公图米在9岁时，在一次陪伴爸爸回突尼斯家乡时激发了她要帮助当地人的热情，由此创立了Acacias for All项目，种植金合欢树，改善保护当地农田，坚持与沙漠化作斗争，实践其可持续农业的理念。B选项“Holding back the Sahara (阻挡撒哈拉沙漠)”符合文章标题。故选B。
36．B 37．A 38．B 39．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。很多动物处于危险中,我们每个人都应为保护动物而贡献力量。文章就此给出了一些建议。
36．细节理解题。根据第一自然段“Because of the waste pieces, 30,000 kinds of animals are in danger. (由于这些垃圾，30000种动物处于危险之中。)”可知，是垃圾让这么多动物处于危险之中。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据第二自然段“In the home, we could try not to waste foods. Use a digital meal planner to get a right amount of food so that everything we buy and cook gets eaten. (在家里，我们可以尽量不浪费食物。使用数字用餐计划器来获取适量的食物，这样我们买的和做的所有东西都能被吃掉。)”可知，使用数字化的用餐计划是为了避免浪费食物。故选A。
38．词义猜测题。根据第三自然段“ Buy reusable plates, but not single-use ones.”可知，不要买一次性盘子而应当买“可重复使用的”，reusable与single-use词义相对。故选B。
39．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“Our actions alone can’t save the planet, but the above ways and habits can help. (光靠我们的行动并不能拯救地球，但以上的方式和习惯可以有所帮助。)”可知，作者写本文是为了呼吁每个人采取环保的生活方式以保护环境和动物。故选B。
40．D 41．A 42．B 43．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了盐，与其相关的俗语，不同方面具备的极高价值。
40．细节理解题。根据第二段“For instance, “the salt of the earth” is used to describe a person who is dependable; (例如，“the salt of the earth”曾被用来指一个可以信赖的人)”可知，“the salt of the earth”用来描述一个可靠的人。故选D项。
41．推理判断题。根据第一段“Amethyst Bamboo 9x salt, which rings up at &398 a pound, may be the most expensive in the world. This pricey stuff takes a lot of time to produce — it’s roasted nine times inside a bamboo pole at temperatures over 1,400 degrees F. (紫水晶竹9x盐，每磅398美元，它可能是世界上最贵的。这种昂贵的东西需要很长时间生产——它要在超过1400华氏度的高温下，在竹枝里烤九次)”可知，价格昂贵的盐，需要耗费更多时间生产完成。故选A项。
42．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Consumption of too much salt can be deadly. (摄入大量的盐有可能是致命的)”和“…may raise blood pressure, causing hypertension and hurt the head. (可能使血压上升，从而导致高血压和头痛)”可知，划线词应与“盛放盐的器具”之意接近，句中的“a heavy hand with the saltshaker”经常拿起盐瓶代指大量食用盐的饮食习惯。故选B项。
43．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Salt was so valuable in ancient Rome that soldiers were sometimes paid with it. (在古罗马，盐非常珍贵，有时候士兵们以发盐来代发工资)”和第二段“Historically, salt’s value came from its ability to preserve food.(历史上，盐的价值主要在于其保存食物的作用)”和“Salt also took on a great deal of symbolic value,(盐也有很多象征意义的价值)”可知，这篇文章主要讨论盐令人惊叹的价值。故选C项。
44．D 45．B 46．C 47．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了Annika在大海游泳回到岸上后发现丢失了结婚戒指，第二天联系当地潜水人员下水搜寻，最后由章鱼带领找到戒指的故事。
44．细节理解题。根据第一段中“She turned the room inside out.(她把房间翻了个底朝天。)”可知，Annika的第一反应是在房间里找。故选D项。
45．推理判断题。根据第三段中“They’d given up hope and they were actually swimming back, but then they spotted a baby octopus (章鱼). (他们已经放弃了希望，实际上他们正在游回来，但后来他们发现了一只小章鱼。)”可知，起初潜水员准备空手而归。故选B项。
46．推理判断题。根据第四段中Chris Harley所说“Octopuses actually like bright things, from what I’ve heard. (据我所知，章鱼其实喜欢明亮的东西。)”以及“They followed it for just a few seconds and then it led them to the ring. (章鱼确实喜欢收集各种各样的东西，并把它们放在家门口。)”可知，Chris Harley认为章鱼的行动是合乎情理的。故选C项。
47．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第三段中“They’d given up hope and they were actually swimming back, but then they spotted a baby octopus (章鱼). (他们已经放弃了希望，实际上他们正在游回来，但后来他们发现了一只小章鱼。)”以及“They followed it for just a few seconds and then it led them to the ring. (他们跟着它只走了几秒钟，然后它就把他们带到了戒指那里。)”可知，本文主要讲述了一对夫妇丢失了结婚戒指，最后在章鱼的帮助下找回来的故事。故选C项。
48．B 49．C 50．D 51．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了2022年入夏以来，中国经历了几十年来最严重的热浪，同时介绍了热浪造成的危害以及应对措施。
48．推理判断题。根据第一段“Since the beginning of the summer in 2022, China has been very hot under the worst heatwave in decades. A number of people in Zhejiang, Henan, Jiangsu and Sichuan provinces were diagnosed with thermoplegia (热射病), the most severe form of heatstroke (中暑), and some even died of this disease. (自2022年入夏以来，中国经历了几十年来最严重的热浪。浙江、河南、江苏和四川等省的一些人被诊断为热射病，这是最严重的中暑形式，有些人甚至死于这种疾病。)”可知，作者提到中国的四个省是为了确定最严重的热浪的影响。故选B项。
49．词句猜测题。划线词句后文“According to a study, the number of deaths caused by heatwaves in China has increased rapidly since 1979, from 3,679 persons per year in the 1980s to15, 500 persons per year in the 2010s. (根据一项研究，自1979年以来，中国因热浪造成的死亡人数迅速增加，从20世纪80年代的每年3,679人增加到2010年代的每年15,500人。)”说明热浪造成的危害越来越严重，从而推知划线词句“In a warming world, the hazards of heatwaves are increasing. (在一个变暖的世界里，热浪的hazards正在增加。)”其中划线词汇应为“危害”的意思。故选C项。
50．推理判断题。根据第三段中“High temperatures would accelerate the loss in soil moisture(水分) and hurt the growth of corn, cotton, trees and fruits. What’s more, each additional degree of warming will increase crop losses to insects by 10-25 percent, threatening food security for billions of people. (高温会加速土壤水分的流失，损害玉米、棉花、树木和水果的生长。更重要的是，气温每升高一度，虫害造成的作物损失就会增加10- 25%，威胁到数十亿人的粮食安全。)”可知，高温对农业有负面影响。故选D项。
51．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“There are some ways to stay safe during extreme heat events, such as drinking plenty of water, looking for shade or remaining in shade when outside, and avoiding cooking large meals that can add heat to your indoor environment. (有一些方法可以在极端炎热的天气中保持安全，比如多喝水，在室外寻找阴凉处或呆在阴凉处，避免烹饪会给室内环境增加热量的大餐。)”可知，本段主要介绍了应对极端高温的方法。故选B项。
52．C 53．B 54．A 55．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了中间名的由来及其演变过程。
52．细节理解题。根据第一自然段“We use our middle names when filling out official papers, and when we write our initials (姓名的首字母) on something. (我们在填写官方文件和在某物上写姓名首字母时使用中间名。)”可知，当我们填写官方文件时用中间名。故选C。
53．推理判断题。根据第二自然段““It’s so my mom has three names to shout at me, so I know I’m in trouble.”(这是因为我妈妈连名带姓地喊我名字的三个字时，我知道我有麻烦了。)”可知，妈妈连名带姓地喊名字的三个字时说明她生气了。故选B。
54．推理判断题。根据第四自然段“Aristocrats (贵族) would give their children long names to show their high place in society. (贵族会给他们的孩子起很长的名字，以显示他们在社会中的崇高地位。)”可知，贵族会给他们的孩子起很长的名字是为了显示他们在社会中的崇高地位。故选A。
55．主旨大意题。根据第一自然段“We use our middle names when filling out official papers, and when we write our initials (姓名的首字母) on something. But except that, we don’t use them every day. So why do we even have middle names in the first place? (我们在填写官方文件和在某物上写姓名首字母时使用中间名。但除此之外，我们并不是每天都使用它们。那么，为什么我们一开始就有中间名呢？)”以及下文介绍了有中间名字的原因可知，项“Why Do We Have Middle Names? (为什么我们有中间名？)”作为题目最合适。故选C。
56．A 57．C 58．A 59．D

【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了主人公在丛林里逃跑的经历。
56．推理判断题。由第一段第一句“Our boat floated on between walls of forest. It was too thick to allow us a view of the land we were passing through，though we knew from the map that our river must from time to time be passing through chains of hills which crossed the jungle plains.( 我们的船漂浮在森林之间。它太浓密了以至于我们看不清我们所经过的土地，虽然我们从地图上知道，我们的河流必须不时地穿过横穿丛林平原的山脉。)”可知，河岸两旁只有茂密的森林，其他什么都看不见，因此他们唯一能看见的时树林。故选A。
57．细节理解题。根据第一段的“As for water，there was a choice. We could drink the muddy river water，or die of thirst. We drank the water. (至于水，有一个选择。我们要么喝浑浊的河水，要么渴死。我们喝了这样的水。)”可知，他们因为口渴而喝了浑浊的河水。故选C。
58．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“We did not wish to risk being taken prisoners a second time: we might not be so lucky as to escape in a stolen boat again.( 我们不想冒第二次被俘虏的危险，我们可能不会那么幸运，再乘一艘偷来的船逃走。)” 可知，他们偷了一艘船，试图逃离这个未开化的世界。故选A。
59．主旨大意题。根据最后一段内容“One day we passed another village，but fortunately nobody saw us. We did not wish to risk being taken prisoners a second time: we might not be so lucky as to escape in a stolen boat again.( 一天，我们经过另一个村庄，但幸运的是没有人看到我们。我们不想冒第二次被俘虏的危险，我们可能不会那么幸运，再乘一艘偷来的船逃走。)”可以看出作者是越狱者，再结合前面的内容可以看出文章讲的是“在丛林里逃跑”。故选D。
60．A 61．B 62．C 63．C

【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是随着现在道路上的汽车越来越多，道路礼貌也变得越来越可怕，汽车拥有量的快速增长将要求所有道路使用者给予更多的互谅互让。
60．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“It is quite reasonable to blame traffic jams, the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life, but manners on the road are becoming horrible(抱怨交通堵塞、汽油成本和现代生活的高速是很合理的，但路上的礼貌正变得可怕)”以及第二段的“Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too(道路礼貌不仅是一种礼貌，也是一种良好的意识)”及全文关于道路礼貌的论述可知，本文主要讲的是道路礼貌，故选A。
61．细节理解题。根据第二段的“But such behaviors of politeness are by no means enough．Many drivers nowadays don’t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it(但是这样的礼貌行为是远远不够的。如今，许多司机看到礼貌行为时，似乎都认不出来)”可推知，一个好的司机应该能够识别礼貌，故选B。
62．细节理解题。根据第一段的“It is all right to have a tiger in a cage, but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter(把老虎关在笼子里是可以的，但让老虎坐在驾驶座上就是另一回事了)”可知，让“老虎”坐在驾驶座上是不对的。故选C。
63．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous．Typical examples are the driver who waves a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path of oncoming cars that may be not able to stop in time(然而，错误的礼貌也可能是危险的。典型的例子是，司机挥手示意一个孩子在错误的地方过马路，进入可能无法及时停车的迎面而来的车辆的道路)”可知，对于司机来说，示意一个横穿马路的孩子在错误的地方进入车道并不总是正确的，故选C。
64．D 65．B 66．C 67．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就是关于容易学好另一门语言的方法和建议。
64．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The first step is to feel positive about learning English. If you believe that you can learn, you will learn. (第一步是对学习英语感到积极。如果你相信你能学习，你就会学习)”可知，对学习英语感到积极的意思是：如果你相信你可以学习，你就会学习。故选D。
65．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In other words, do not worry about taking risks. (换句话说，不要担心冒险)”可知，担心承担风险对你学习英语没有帮助。故选B。
66．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“There are several ways to make learning English a little easier and more interesting. (有几种方法可以使英语学习变得更容易、更有趣)”和下文的四个方法可知，文章主要就是关于容易学好另一门语言的方法和建议。故选C。
67．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“The third step is to keep a record of your language learning. You can write this in your journal. (第三步是记录你的语言学习情况。你可以把这写在journal里)”可知，要记录你的语言学习，应该是将它写在日记里，journal意为“日记（Diary）”。故选A。
68．B 69．A 70．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了伊斯坦布尔交通堵塞的原因。
68．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Istanbul has been around for centuries. Sure, it’s changed its name a few times over the years, but the location has always been the same. And in those years, there was no need at all for wide lanes. The term “rush hour” wasn’t even invented yet. The only traffic was an occasional horse-drawn carriage. The result is that the city center consists of very narrow streets.(伊斯坦布尔已经存在了几个世纪。当然，多年来它的名字改变了几次，但它的位置一直是一样的。在那些年里，根本不需要宽车道。“高峰时间”这个词甚至还没有被发明出来。唯一的交通工具是偶尔的马车。其结果是，市中心由非常狭窄的街道组成。)”可知，伊斯坦布尔的名字改变了几次，但位置没变过，故A项错误，B项正确；以前，伊斯坦布尔根本不需要宽车道，说明街道不繁忙，C项错误。根据文章第二段“Besides, Istanbul is not only surrounded (环绕) by water, it’s also twice divided by it.(此外，伊斯坦布尔不仅被水包围，而且还被水一分为二。)”可知，伊斯坦布尔是被水一分为二，而不是政府，D项错误。故选B项。
69．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“But it doesn’t work. So they immediately turned to plan B. Make the most use of the road at hand. Lanes painted on the surface must be for decorative purposes, since you would be surprised how easily they can change a three-lane road into a five-lane one. (但这行不通。因此，他们立即采取了B计划。充分利用手边的道路。漆在路面上的车道一定是为了装饰，因为你会惊讶地发现，它们能轻而易举地把一条三车道的道路变成一条五车道的道路。)”可知，B计划就是要充分利用手边的道路，也就是最近的道路。故选A项。
70．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“And although Turkish drivers are certainly not among the worst in the world, paying little attention to basic traffic rule, crowding into the smallest space available, turning across the roads and blocking emergency lanes make traffic jams unable to be dealt with timely. They’re also part of the problem.(虽然土耳其司机肯定不是世界上最糟糕的司机之一，但他们很少注意基本的交通规则，挤在最小的可用空间里，在马路上转弯，堵塞紧急车道，导致交通堵塞无法及时处理。他们也是问题的一部分。)”可知，土耳其的司机很少注意基本的交通规则（即不少司机违反交通规则），这些司机也是交通堵塞问题的一部分。故选D项。
71．B 72．C 73．A

【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了北京环球度假村的几个著名的景点。
71．细节理解题。根据文章Jurassic World Isla Nublar部分“It is open and realizes John Hammond’s dream of a world-class destination of prehistoric wonders and breathtaking scenic beauty.(它是开放的，实现了的梦想，成为世界级的史前奇观和令人惊叹的风景之地。)”可知，“Jurassic World Isla Nublar”是对史前奇迹的再现，故选B。
72．细节理解题。根据文章Safe and orderly entry部分“All guests are required to provide Beijing Health Code, check ID card and carry out temperature detection before entering.(所有游客需要提供北京健康码，在入园前检查身份证，体温检测。)”可知，在入院时，游客需要检查提体温，故选C。
73．细节理解题。根据文章Operation hour部分“Operation hour: Monday-Friday: 10: 00-19: 00 Saturday-Sunday: 9: 00-20: 00(开放时间：周一至周五：10点-19点  周六至周日：9点-20点。)”可知，在周日，10:00是可进入的时间。故选A。
74．B 75．B 76．A 77．C

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚珊瑚礁遭受到严重的破坏及其原因。
74．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Of the 911 individual reefs that researchers surveyed, a shocking 93 percent experienced some form of bleaching(白化).”(在研究人员调查的911个珊瑚礁中，令人震惊的是，93%的珊瑚礁经历了某种形式的白化。)可知，调查了911个珊瑚礁。故选B。
75．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“ ‘Having such a large area of the Great Barrier Reef affected so severely by bleaching, especially in the northern region, where the corals are least affected by human activities, is very troubling.’”(“大堡礁如此大面积的区域受到白化的严重影响，尤其是在珊瑚受人类活动影响最小的北部地区，这是非常令人不安的。”)可知，北部地区的珊瑚礁遭受严重的破坏。故选B。
76．词义猜测题。根据文章第五段“ ‘If the climate change continues unabated, temperatures will continue to rise, threatening coral reefs worldwide with increasingly severe and frequent bleaching,’ he warns.”(他警告说:“如果气候变化持续下去，气温将继续上升，世界各地的珊瑚礁将面临日益严重和频繁的白化威胁。”)根据后句中“气温将继续上升，世界各地的珊瑚礁将面临日益严重和频繁的白化威胁。”可推知，应该是全球变暖没有控制。故选A。
77．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“The Great Barrier Reef is home to more than 1,500 species of fish. What’s more, the UNESCO World Heritage site is a tourism powerhouse, supporting about 70,000 jobs and pumping more than five billion dollars into the Australian economy.”(大堡礁是1500多种鱼类的家园。更重要的是，这个联合国教科文组织世界遗产是一个旅游强国，提供了大约7万个就业岗位，为澳大利亚经济带来了50多亿美元的收入。)说明了大堡礁是一些鱼类的家园以及它为澳大利亚带来的经济收入，说明了其重要性。故选C。