高考英语阅读理解专项训练

这是一份高考英语阅读理解专项训练，共45页。

阅读理解
Chinese traditional cuisine is popular and respected all over the world. Chinese meals are famous among foreigners for their colors, ingredients and flavors. The following are four of the Chinese dishes known among foreigners. Click here and see how to cook these dishes.
Spring Rolls
The Chinese food Spring rolls’(Chūnjuǎn) name comes from the Spring Festival in China. Spring rolls are an appetizer that is very famous both in China and the rest of the world. They are made of thin dough filled with meat and vegetables, rolled and fried. They are crispy(脆)and very delicious and go to different sizes.
Chow Mein
Chow mein (Chǎomiàn) is a fried dish with noodles, meat and onions. It has many varieties in different countries. For instance, only in the USA, there are a number of ways to prepare it. depending on the place. It is a most popular Chinese takeout dish. On the East Coast the meal is crispy, while on the West Coast - soft.
Dumplings
Dumplings(Jiǎozi)are one of the most famous and traditional Chinese meals. A dumpling consists of boiled or baked dough filled with meat and vegetables. It has an interesting half-circle shape and curly edges. The filling might be pork, beef and vegetables such as cabbage and onions.
Egg-fried Rice
Egg-fried rice (Dàn chǎofàn) is one of the most popular dishes in the world. Many people eat it regularly, either at restaurants or prepare it at home. The dish has a strong delicious smell and it’s very easy to cook with eggs, vegetables and so on. It can be found in every Chinese restaurant.
1．Which of the following is related to Chinese New Year?
A．Spring Rolls B．Chow Mein
C．Dumplings D．Egg-fried Rice
2．What do the four dishes have in common?
A．They all have strong smell.
B．They have the same cooking methods.
C．They are all crispy and very delicious.
D．Their ingredients might include vegetables.
3．Where can we find the passage?
A．In a magazine. B．On a website.
C．In a travel brochure. D．In a newspaper.

Michelle Yeoh, an iconic name in Chinese cinema, made history on Sunday night by becoming the first Asian woman to win the Academy Award for best actress.
The Malaysian-born actress defeated tough challenger, including two-time winner Cate Blanchett and five-time nominee (被提名人) Michelle Williams, to take home the honored award for her extraordinary performance in the multiverse comedy Everything Everywhere All at Once.
The film, where Yeoh plays a struggling laundry owner who ends up being the savior (救世主) of the multiverse, swept the Oscars with a total of seven awards, including for best picture and best director, making it the biggest winner of the night.
“For all the little boys and girls who look like me watching tonight, this is a beacon of hope and possibility,” the actress said in her acceptance speech in Los Angeles, California, the United States, to emphasize that one must dream big as dreams do come true. “And ladies, don’t let anyone ever tell you (that) you’re past your prime (黄金期),” the 60-year-old added.
The actress also used her speech to honor her 84-year-old mother, Janet Yeoh. “I have to dedicate this to my mom and all the moms in the world because they are really the superheroes, and without them none of us would be here tonight,” she said.
After carving a career for herself in Kung fu cinema in Hong Kong, Yeoh made her Hollywood debut (首次亮相) in the 1997 James Bond movie Tomorrow Never Dies. She gained international recognition for her role as a swordswoman in Ang Lec’s iconic film, Crouching Tiger. Hidden Dragon, which won three Oscars in 2001.
Calling the actress “a female Jackie Chan”, Sha Dan, a film critic, said that Yeoh is the film industry’s darling for not only her jaw-dropping performance in action movies, but also her performance in artistic works. Everything Everywhere All at Once seems to be specifically crafted for Yeoh because the movie reflects her decades-long efforts to raise the cultural significance of Asian-themed films worldwide, Sha added. His remarks were just part of a stir among Chinese media, with the news hash-tag getting over 430 million views on the popular micro-blogging platform Sina Weibo in just three hours.
4．What contributed to Michelle Yeoh’s winning the Academy Award?
A．Her iconic name. B．Her impressive acting.
C．Her five-time nominations. D．Her international recognition.
5．Which of the following can best describe Michelle Yeoh?
A．Ambitious and honest. B．Generous and diligent.
C．Warm-hearted and helpful. D．Determined and grateful.
6．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．The road to success of Michelle Yeoh. B．The situation of kungfu cinema.
C．Media’s comments on Yeoh’s achievements. D．Yeoh’s great contributions to film industry.
7．What is the text?
A．A news report. B．A film review. C．A column introduction. D．A program guide.

Jim Glaub and Dylan Parker had just been handed the keys to their new Manhattan apartment on 22nd Street when the outgoing tenant (房客) said something curious, “Just so you know, there’s this thing where letters addressed to Santa come to the apartment. The previous tenants received the mail too. It has been coming for years and no one knows why.”
Glaub and Parker settled in to their new home, and for the first two years only a few letters from kids or parents asked “Santa” for gifts they could not otherwise afford. Then in the months leading to Christmas 2010, their mailbox was filled with letters to Santa every day. They responded to as many as they could, writing notes, even buying gifts. Glaub, of course, is not Santa. They could do only so much.
But one night, when he and Parker threw a 1960s — themed Christmas party, a solution appeared. Guests noticed the hundreds of letters they’d yet to act upon and asked about them. Glaub told them the story and his guests were intrigued. “A lot of people were like, ‘I’ll take a letter. I’ll satisfy it.’” And so was born Miracle on 22nd Street.
To spread the word, they started a website, miracleon22ndstreel.com, and a Facebook page. Working with other nonprofits that help those in need, they invited families from around the county to go online and request gifts for their children. Likewise, donors, also known as “elves,” can sign up to buy gifts for a child or family, accompanied by a signed note with Elf before their name, such as Elf Jim or Elf Jody.
Last year, Glaub and Miracle on 22nd Street helped more than 800 families. Glaub no longer wonders why the letters come to the apartment. Putting in the long hours to help the families is what it’s all about for him. “It’s part of Christmas for me,” he says, “It wouldn’t be Christmas without it.”
8．What did the tenant think of receiving the letters in the apartment?
A．Odd. B．Exciting. C．Frightening D．Disturbing.
9．What can be implied about the couple in paragraph 2?
A．They got really bothered. B．They had tried their best.
C．They overcame the challenge. D．They were content with their new life.
10．What does the underlined word “intrigued” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Puzzled. B．Relieved. C．Interested. D．Surprised.
11．What is the text mainly about?
A．How a volunteer organization is formed.
B．How Miracle on 22nd Street is operated.
C．How a kind couple deal with letters to Santa.
D．How donors purchase gifts for families in need.

In the UK, the best racecourses (赛马场) are in all corners of the country, which means that it is accessible for all fans of the sport to see the biggest stars. So, what are the four best racecourses in the UK?
Cheltenham
Nothing comes close to excitement levels when the Cheltenham Festival is approaching. It is the home of National Hunt racing, and every year millions of fans are glued to the horse racing on the track. It is the festival for the die-hard lovers of the sport, as the racing takes front and centre of the attention as the biggest prizes are handed out.
Aintree
The race that draws the viewers to the sport is the Grand National. The race is an essential part of British life, as everyone makes a habit of watching the race annually with friends and family. It is a perfect course for visitors too, as it is situated just a short distance outside of Liverpool. There is extra emphasis on fashion when attending Aintree.
Ascot
For lovers of flat racing (无障碍平地赛马), Ascot meetings are a must. The biggest of the season is Royal Ascot, which is one of the most fashionable race days on the calendar, as all visitors entering certain zones must be wearing a top hat. However, there is no better reason to get dressed up.
Newmarket
Newmarket is a hotbed full of racing fans, and is a must-visit for all lovers of the sport. It is the headquarters of flat racing, as the whole town is devoted to the sport. There are two racecourses, the July Course and the Rowley Mile. The final race day of the season takes place in October. Regardless of when you visit in the season, you will feast your eyes!
12．What is the highlight of Cheltenham Festival?
A．It offers grand awards. B．It invites millions of fans.
C．It promotes the local tourism. D．It attracts a lot of film stars.
13．What do Aintree and Ascot have in common?
A．They are team-centred. B．They are for flat racing.
C．They are for royal family. D．They are fashion-featured.
14．Which of the following is the passage probably taken from?
A．A play review. B．A travel guide.
C．A fashion magazine. D．A university newspaper.

If you want to make sure that you understand this story as fully as possible, you might consider printing the article and reading it on paper. That is one of the findings of a recent study of research done on the differences between paper and screen reading.
Virginia Clinton carried out the research examination. Clinton looked at 33 past studies done between 2008 and 2018 that examined paper versus screen reading. Her examination found that reading from paper generally led to better understanding and improved a person’s performance on tests connected to the reading material. And, she found no major differences in reading speed between the two. Such differences were notable only when the reading materials were expository texts — or explanatory and based on facts. Clinton said she found no major difference when it came to narrative, fictional texts.
Clinton also found that paper readers usually have a higher recognition of how well they have understood a text than screen readers. This skill is called metacognition. The word “cognition” means the mental action of increasing knowledge and understanding. “Metacognition” simply means thinking about one’s own thinking.
Clinton said, “We think that we’re reading the story or the book better than we actually are. We think we understand what we are reading better than how we are actually reading.” Yet, this inflated (夸大的) sense of understanding, or over-confidence, is especially common among screen readers.
Clinton said there are many possible reasons for such findings. Over-confidence of screen readers, for example, could be the result of a less focused mind. Clinton said, “If you are enjoying the reading, you’re going to be more concentrated. You’re going to be paying better attention. Preferences are a key issue here.”
Several studies have found that people often think of paper materials as more important and serious. “If you are reading from paper, your mind thinks,’ This is something important. I need to pay attention to it’,” Clinton said. Readers might connect computer screens with fun, less serious activities — such as checking social media or watching Netflix. That, Clinton said, could explain why most studies find no major difference in screen and paper among narrative, fictional reading materials. Clinton described this kind of reading as “enjoyment reading”.
Although her findings may support paper reading over screen reading, Clinton points to new and developing tools that can be used to improve a screen reader’s understanding and focus. “For example, when you’re reading off of a screen it can be programmed that you have to answer questions and get them right before you can continue. Paper can’t make you do that.”
15．Which of the followings is true about Clinton’s research findings?
A．Reading from screen has helped readers improve their test performance.
B．When it comes to fictions, paper readers have a faster speed than screen readers.
C．Screen readers usually are more aware of their level of understanding about the text.
D．Whether a reader regards the material as important affects his or her degree of concentration.
16．Which of the following actions in daily life reflects “metacognition”?
A．Matt always tries to figure out the personality of the characters when reading a book.
B．Tom often writes down his mind map and evaluates it after solving a math problem.
C．“I think I am in love with you.” Ted said to Mary, without a second thought.
D．We are expected to pay attention to others’ feelings when talking with them.
17．What does Clinton think is the advantage of screen reading?
A．It provides the same reading materials.
B．It encourages readers to read at a high speed.
C．It can be programmed to check understanding.
D．It has tools to force readers to continue reading.
18．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Screen time makes reading more effective.
B．Computer reading is improving paper reading.
C．Screen-reading is more suitable for some readers.
D．Paper reading is more effective than screen reading.

Mining rare-earth (稀土) elements (REEs) has long been considered a dirty business, as it can lead to water and soil pollution, but a new technology developed by Chinese scientists may change the trend, offering a greener alternative for the industry.
REEs, especially heavy ones, are an essential part of many high-tech devices, from the engines of electric cars and smartphones, to LED lights. More than 90% of the global heavy KEF demand is sourced from ion-adsorption deposits (离子吸附沉积物), which form within weathering erasts (硬壳). However, conventional mining applies overmuch usage of chemical agents to recover REEs front these deposits, not only exhibiting low efficiency but also polluting the environment.
Researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry proposed a new approach in the journal Nature Sustainability earlier this month, showing that employing electrokinetic mining techniques to extract (提取) REEs from weathering crusts can be both clean and efficient. Using this approach, researchers generated an electric field by putting electrodes (电极) on the top and bottom of a volume of soil. The electrokinetic effect can speed up the migration of REEs, reducing the need for harmful chemical agents.
To evaluate the practicality of the new method, they carried out several experiments of different scales. Results suggested that the new method outperformed traditional mining techniques. For instance, the scaled-up experiments achieved a recovery efficiency of 96% within 67 hours by using electrokinetics. Using the conventional technique, it was only 62% at 130 hours.
The difference between the impact of the old and the new approaches was even more significant in an on-site field test: Using electrokinetics can achieve a recovery efficiency higher than 90%, an 80% decrease in polluting agent usage and a 70% reduction in impurity.
The study confirmed that this novel electrokinetic technology enabled green, efficient and selective recovery of REEs. Researchers also noted that the new method has great potential for use in the mining of other critical metals under conditions in which the metals exist in ionic states.
19．Why is the new technology referred to as a “greener alternative” for REE mining?
A．It is based on cleaner energy.
B．It achieves a higher recovery efficiency.
C．It recovers REEs from weathering crusts.
D．It depends less on the use of chemical agents.
20．How does the author present the practicality of the new technology?
A．By analyzing causes. B．By listing examples.
C．By providing test results. D．By giving instructions.
21．What can we know about the new technology?
A．It contributes to the extraction of purer REEs.
B．It causes REEs to be mined at a higher cost.
C．It is widely adopted in mining critical metals.
D．It frees REE mining of the impact on nature.
22．What is the text mainly about?
A．A new technology with great potential in mining metals.
B．A greener REE mining technology with higher efficiency.
C．The difficulties in mining REEs from ion-adsorption deposits.
D．The differences between conventional and new REE mining methods.

Caroline Tegeret comes from a small village in the remote area of Kenya. Her academic journey began like many others though filled with tremendous difficulties. The biggest challenges Tegeret had to face was the financial one since seeking law as a career is expensive. Coming from a community where girls barely get past high school doesn’t lighten the load in any way either.
Upon graduating in 2017, she joined Kenya School of Law in 2018. After college, she qualified herself as a lawyer of the High Court of Kenya on July 2. 2020. “My dream to pursue a career in law began way back in high school when I developed an interest in law,” she said. What was her driving force? For Tegeret, it was the fact that in terms of development, her community was, and still is, far behind.
Her community has high illiteracy levels where plenty of girls have no opportunity to attend school. Terrible cultural practices like early marriage are still very common, robbing the youth of the opportunities to be educated. She knew quite early that for her to be able to bring change to the community, she needed to be equipped with the right tools through education and knowledge of the law.
As she burned the midnight oil, studying piles of history books and law cases, the memory of her father further inspired her. Her father’s determination gave her strength and motivation to pursue her dream. Coming from a humble background, he stood out for her as an example of life’s possibilities as he was able to succeed in his teaching career.
Tegeret wants to work with NGOs and government agencies to promote the rights of the minority. Her desire grows stronger when she finds many people can’t speak for themselves. She wants to raise their voice and make them heard by the authorities.
Her remarkable achievement is a source of encouragement to many young girls whose dreams look too big compared to their life’s circumstances. She wants to let them know they, too, have rights to choose their intended life.
23．What problem did Caroline Tegeret have in pursuing her dream?
A．Her poor financial condition. B．Her early marriage engagement.
C．The remote location of her family. D．High illiteracy levels of the community.
24．Why did Caroline seek to be educated in law?
A．To pursue her dream of law career. B．To live up to her father’s expectation.
C．To entitle herself with lots of rights. D．To change her community for the better.
25．What adjectives can best describe Caroline?
A．Humble and consistent. B．Hardworking and ambitious.
C．Enterprising and humorous. D．Considerate and helpful.
26．What can be the suitable title of the passage?
A．Pursue a law career B．Be a community reformer
C．Meet a female lawyer D．Struggle for female rights

China’s fertility (生育) rate is on a downward trend and the average family size has been shrinking over the years, a senior official said on Saturday, calling for comprehensive measures to encourage marriage and childbearing.
Data shows that there was 2.62 people per family in China in 2020, down by 0.48 from 2010, according to Wang Pei’an, deputy director of the China Family Planning Association.
“Currently, the perspective on marriage and starting a family among young generations is changing, and the trend toward having smaller families is becoming more obvious,” he remarked at the third China Population and Development Forum held in Beijing.
The shift has resulted in delays in marriage, having children and even a resistance of such rituals, which he said is the primary reason for China’s declining fertility level.
A survey shows that women planned to have 1.64 babies in 2021, down from 1.76 in 2017. For people born in the 1990s and 2000s, their ideal number of babies was only 1.54 and 1.48 respectively.
Furthermore, the percentage of women who have no children over their lifetime increased from 6.1 percent in 2015 to 10 percent in 2020.
“A survey shows that less than 70 percent of women aged 35 and under agree that a life with children is complete,” he said, adding that given the low fertility rate in China, it would be extremely difficult to raise the fertility without strengthened efforts to foster a longing for marriage and family.
Wang suggested devoting more efforts to the promotion of getting married and having children at proper ages and sharing family responsibilities between men and women.
He also called for advancing flexible working hours, and developing nursery care and elderly care industries.
He added that a range of policies from household registration and employment rules to medical insurance and social security regulations should be geared toward “protecting marriages and families.”
27．Why are the numbers listed in paragraph 5?
A．To applaud women’s will to have babies.
B．To show the influence of delayed marriage.
C．To present diverse attitudes to childbearing.
D．To reason for the decline of China’s fertility.
28．What does the word “foster” mean in Para.7?
A．polish B．raise C．attain D．tackle
29．Which of the following may help raise the fertility according to Wang?
A．Shared responsibilities in family. B．Shortened working hours.
C．Regulated nursery care industry. D．Advanced medical facilities.
30．What is the purpose of the article?
A．To raise the problem of birth rate fall. B．To correct people’s view of marriage.
C．To call for measures to boost fertility. D．To promote the benefits of childbearing.

In the last decade, we witnessed a rapid growth of wearable devices — small electronic devices that are worn or carried on the human body. These devices can sense, collect, and upload various physiological (生理学上的) data to improve our lives. No doubt, wearable devices are the next frontier for personalized healthcare.
Wearable devices are popularly used to monitor health. These devices can easily track heart rate, calories burned, step counts, blood pressure, the release of biochemical, exercise time, and physical strain (劳损). Wearable devices show meaningful insights to live our lives comfortably. They are valuable to monitor physical health and physical training. Wearable devices are soon expected to forecast changes in health, mood, and stress as well as measure blood alcohol content, athletic performance, heart condition, and age-related diseases.
No doubt wearable devices add comfort and convenience to our lives but they also pose threats to our lives. Wearable devices mainly collect data by applying one-size-fits-all algorithms (算法). With the fast growth of wearable devices, privacy and security are key concerns. Wearable devices collect data on our wrists, feet, and other body parts and store this data in a centralized system. Users of wearable devices do not know how this data is stored and managed. Privacy policy related to data management is unclear as the policy guidelines of the device companies state that data will not be sold to third parties but also state that data may be shared with business partners to improve service experiences. Hackers may get very detailed information about our personal information such as location and workplace, and they can steal credit card information, alter fitness data, and manipulate (操控) our insurance policies.
Wearable devices inspire healthier lifestyles. They have changed personal healthcare management. As wearable devices are becoming increasingly advanced day by day, they will provide more reliable personal healthcare. Wearable devices are also getting highly affordable to mass people. However, they bring some threats to our personal data. Nevertheless, wearable devices are significant to manage our personal healthcare.
31．What’s the function of paragraph 1?
A．To offer examples. B．To state an opinion.
C．To introduce the topic. D．To make an advertisement.
32．What can we learn from the data collected by wearable devices?
A．It will be kept to the users only.
B．It will possibly be accessed by hackers.
C．It will be protected by solid privacy policy.
D．It will be sold to third parties to improve service experiences.
33．What’s the author’s attitude toward the future of wearable devices?
A．Optimistic. B．Pessimistic.
C．Indifferent. D．Doubtful.
34．What is the text mainly about?
A．The quick technological development of wearable devices.
B．The benefits and risks wearable devices bring to personal healthcare.
C．The benefits, potential risks and prospects (前景) of wearable devices.
D．The negative effects wearable devices have on healthcare management.

If you stand in front of a group of kids, and start stating facts and ideas about a particular topic, like common trees found in a forest, their eyes will probably become dull because they’ll get bored. There might be a few people with a particular interest in trees who remain attentive, but it’s likely that most will lose interest fairly quickly. But if you stand up in front of that same group of people and tell them a story, something different will happen.
Researchers have now quantified (量化) the emotional benefits of a well-told tale. “We know that stories can transport us to another world,” says Guilherme Brockington, the lead author of the new paper. Earlier research suggests that stories help children process and regulate their emotions — but it was mostly conducted in a laboratory, with subjects answering questions while lying inside MRI (核磁共振) machines. There are few studies on psychological effects of storytelling in more commonplace scenes, such as hospitals.
So investigators working in several hospitals split a total of 81 patients aged between four and eleven into two groups, matching them with storytellers who had a decade of hospital experience. In one group, the storyteller led each child in playing a riddle game. In the other, youngsters chose books and listened as the storyteller read them aloud. Before and after these sessions, the researchers let each child spit into a tube, then asked them to report their pain levels and conducted a free-association word quiz.
Based on the analysis of each tube of saliva (唾液), the researchers found children in both groups showed lower levels of the stress-related hormone (荷尔蒙) called cortisol and higher levels of oxytocin, a feel-good hormone. However, the cortisol levels of kids in the storytelling group were a quarter of those in the riddle group, and their oxytocin levels were nearly twice as high. Those who heard stories reported pain levels dropping almost twice as much as those in the riddle group, and they used more positive words.
Next, the investigators plan to study how long these effects last. For now, Brockington says the results indicate storytelling is a low-cost and extremely efficient way to help improve health outcomes.
35．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1?
A．To state people’s different reactions to some ideas.
B．To stress the magic of storytelling in grabbing attention.
C．To explain the importance of eye contact in storytelling.
D．To show the difficulty in making common topics interesting.
36．How does the new study differ from the previous research mentioned in paragraph 2?
A．The new study was undertaken in real-life situations.
B．The new study was aimed to make hospital stays entertaining.
C．The researchers made full use of high-end laboratory equipment.
D．The researchers highlighted the link between cortisol levels and emotions.
37．What did the investigators do in their experiment?
A．They made the children report their delighted experiences in hospital.
B．They asked children to retell the newly learned stories.
C．They solved some riddle games for the children.
D．They collected and tested some saliva samples.
38．What can be inferred from the text?
A．Children should be forced to develop various interests.
B．Reading stories to kids can change their character greatly.
C．Listening to stories helps kids in hospital reduce their pain.
D．Compared with storytelling, children can feel better when playing riddle games.

A set of tusks is usually an advantage for elephants, allowing them to dig for water, peel bark for food, and defend themselves. But during periods of intense ivory poaching (偷猎), those big tusks may invite danger.
During the conflict from 1977 to 1992 in Mozambique, fighters on both sides killed elephants for ivory to finance war efforts. In the region that’s now Gorongosa National Park, around 90% of the elephants were killed. The survivors were likely to share a key characteristic: Half the females were naturally tuskless—they simply never developed tusks—while before the war, less than a fifth lacked tusks. “The years of war changed the course of evolution in that population,” said biologist Shane Campbell-Staton.
After the war, those tuskless surviving females passed on their genes with expected, as well as surprising results. About half their daughters were tuskless. More puzzling, two-thirds of their offspring(后代)were female.
In Gorongosa, researchers collected blood samples from seven tusked and eleven tuskless female elephants, then analyzed their DNA for differences. The survey data gave them an idea where to look: Because the tuskless elephants were female, they focused on the X chromosome (染色体). They also suspected that the relevant gene was dominant, meaning that a female needs only one altered gene to become tuskless, and that when passed to male embryos, it may shorten their development.
“They’ve produced the smoking-gun evidence for genetic changes,” said Chris Darimont. “The work helps scientists and the public understand how our society can have a major influence on the evolution of other life forms.”
Now the scientists are studying what more tuskless elephants mean for the species and its savannah (大草原) environment. “Their previous analysis of fecal (排泄物) samples suggests the tuskless females ate mostly grass, without long tusks to peel bark from trees, whereas the tusked animals ate more legumes (豆类) and tough woody plants,” said Robert Pringle. “These changes will last for at least multiple elephant generations.”
39．What does paragraph 2 focus on?
A．Analyzing the natural growth of tusks.
B．Proving the value of tusks of elephants.
C．Explaining the cause of tuskless elephants.
D．Describing the characteristics of elephants.
40．How did the researchers in Gorongosa study elephants?
A．By collecting data.
B．By giving examples.
C．By analyzing cause and effect.
D．By gathering samples and studying them.
41．What does the underlined word “smoking-gun” in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A．Convincing. B．Disturbing.
C．Puzzling. D．Conflicting.
42．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．It won’t be long before tuskless elephants regain their tusks.
B．It will take ages for elephants to be affected by several changes occurring to them.
C．Tuskless elephants have a bad impact on their species and its savannah environment.
D．Many changes have happened to elephants and they will continuously affect them for ages.

Four unusual festivals around the world
The Wife Carrying World Championships — Sonkajärvi, Finland
Although the exact origins of the tradition are unknown because of its long history, but today, wife carrying is practiced around the world. Participants are allowed to carry their wives in various ways, including a piggyback or a fireman’s carry (over the shoulder). The prize for winning the race is the wife’s weight in beer.
The Monkey Buffet (自助餐) Festival — Lopburi, Thailand
You may consider how a monkey would taste, but this is a buffet for monkeys. The local monkeys in Lopburi are gifted with a feast of tons of fruits, vegetables, cakes, and candies every November. After the monkeys are given the treats, youths dressed up as monkeys perform dances. The festival first took place in 1989, run by a local businessman to boost tourism in Lopburi. Luckily for him and the monkeys, it worked.
The Boryeong Mud Festival — Boryeong, South Korea
The festival first took place in 1998, and it was originally created as a marketing event for Boryeong mud cosmetics (化妆品). The mud from Boryeong is considered rich in natural minerals and is used to make beauty products. Popular activities include mud swimming, mud slides and mud skiing.
The La Tomatina Festival — Buñol, Valencia, Spain
The festival has been organized annually in August in Buñol since 1940s, when a noisy crowd take the tomatoes from a vegetable stall and start a food fight. The hour — long tomato fight used up about 145,000 kg of tomatoes in 2015. Since 2013 it has been a ticketed event to limit participants to just 20,000.
43．What will you get if you win the Wife Carrying World Championships?
A．A treat. B．Lots of beer.
C．Lots of money. D．A pig.
44．What is the purpose of creating the Monkey Buffet Festival?
A．To taste the monkey. B．To sell out tomatoes.
C．To promote mud makeup. D．To develop tourism.
45．Which festival is likely to have the shortest history?
A．The Boryeong Mud Festival. B．The Monkey Buffet Festival
C．The Wife Carrying World Championships. D．The La Tomatina Festival.

Bill Gates wanted to buy a newspaper while he was waiting for his plane in an airport, only to find that he didn’t have enough change. So he left the newspaper to the seller saying he didn’t have enough change. The seller gave that newspaper to Bill for free.
It happened that Bill landed at the same airport and again he was short of change for a newspaper after two to three months. The seller offered him the newspaper again. This time Bill was hesitant to accept that but the seller persuaded him to take it,
After about nineteen years, Bill has become well-known to people. One day, the news-paper seller came to his memory. He had been searching for the seller for nearly one year before he found him finally, Bill asked him if he still remembered that once he gave him a newspaper for free, The seller replied he did remember it and that he gave Bill twice. Bill said he wished to pay back the help he had offered him at that time.
“Even if you do that, your help won’t be able to be exactly equal to my help,” the news-paper seller told Bill.
Bill was astonished... but asked, “Why do you think so?”
The newspaper seller answered, “I had offered help when I was very poor. Now you are attempting to extend your helping hand after a long time when you are the richest person in the entire world. How can what you offer to me now match mine?”
The rich are those who have a rich heart but not those who have a lot of money. To have a rich heart, kindness is a must.
46．What did the newspaper seller impress Bill Gates with?
A．His optimism. B．His generosity.
C．His knowledge. D．His living conditions.
47．How did Bill Gates find the newspaper seller after nineteen years?
A．Bill went to the same airport. B．Bill asked his friends for help.
C．The author didn’t tell us how. D．Bill struggled to find his parents.
48．What did the newspaper seller ask from Bill Gates at last?
A．Nothing. B．Money. C．Guidance. D．Gratitude.
49．What is the best title for the text?
A．Love and kindness B．Two meaningful newspapers
C．A story about wealth D．Kindness matters the most

Public service advertising is designed to inform the public on issues that are frequently considered to be in the general best interests of the community at large. Typically, it reflects a political viewpoint, philosophical theory, religious concept or humanitarian notion (人道主义观念). It is also commonly referred to as a public service announcement (PSA) or a community service announcement (CSA). The ads are usually broadcast on radio or television, but may also appear in newspapers or magazines. They are common in industrialized countries throughout the world.
PSAs are commonly aimed at changing public attitudes by raising awareness about particular issues. Health, conservation and safety themes are prevalent in many PSAs. The public service advertising campaigns are often sponsored (赞助) by trade associations, civic (市政的) organizations, non-profit institutions or religious groups.
Most public service advertising involves joint efforts of the private and public sectors (部门). Non-profit groups and government agencies commonly team up with private mass media, promotion and advertising firms to produce spots for radio, television and print media. Most commonly, the non-profit agency creates the message and an advertising firm develops the campaign, polishes it to meet industry standards and plans its distribution, all free of charge. Television and radio stations usually broadcast these ads at no charge, and magazines and newspapers usually publish them for free as well.
In recent years, it has become commonplace for U. S. television stations to feature public service advertising spots immediately following a broadcast that has focused on an issue considered sensitive and of concern to many members of the general public. These PSA broadcasts generally offer addresses, Web sites and toll-free telephone numbers for information sources. Some of the topics focused on in the PSAs have included child abuse, AIDS and civil rights.
50．What do PSAs mainly intend to do?
A．Sell more products through some special ways.
B．Change consumer’s attitudes through media.
C．Improve people’s ideas about special issues.
D．Make more famous stars known to the people.
51．How does the author like PSAs?
A．He thinks it good to make them.
B．He is against the idea of them.
C．He is curious about the idea of them.
D．He thinks they are completely to make money.
52．What does the underlined word “prevalent” mean in the second paragraph?
A．Widespread. B．Special. C．Strange. D．Severe.
53．What can we infer from the text?
A．PSAs have been accepted by all the people in the world.
B．PSAs will make big profits for trade associations.
C．PSAs involve various topics in many different areas.
D．PSAs are mainly broadcast on television currently.

Almost everybody knows that sports stars can be role models to high school students. But what many do not know is the effects they may have on our kids. Researchers now have made some important findings. The first effect that professional athletes can have on high schoolers is improving their personal character.
A fine example comes from a study through the Changing-Lives programme in the UK. The authors were able to conclude “athlete mentors (导师) are able to inspire kids, change their attitudes and help improve futures”. The study looked at mentor-pupil relationships in different middle and high schools. The mentors are successful sports people and the pupils are 2,701 students from 222 schools.
The findings were able to support the popular belief that sports stars can act as role models to inspire young people. The mentors visited students three times over the six-month period. During the visits, the mentors and pupils told each other about their own difficult problems that they had to face and deal with. This was a way for the pupils to see that the athletes were once just like them, and they too could solve their difficulties and achieve great things.
Another major effect is that professional athletes as role models can influence young people’s future aspirations (愿望). In a study carried out in the USA, 662 ninth-grade students (who began their first year of high school), were surveyed about their career aspirations. When students have a career aspiration, the researchers found, it may be determined by sources such as who their role models are.
In the study, students from every background were asked about their career goals, and whom they chose as their role models. The results included 41% of black young men, 25% of Latino young men, 7% of young black women, 5% of Latino young white women; all had role models of sport professional athlete.
54．What effects do professional athletes have on high schoolers?
A．Promote their personal character.
B．Change the choices of their careers.
C．Strengthen the relationship with teachers.
D．Push ahead the success of their studies.
55．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us?
A．The skills needed to become a professional athlete.
B．How to build the relationship between mentors and athletes.
C．A study about the influence film stars have on kids.
D．The mentors’ influence on the kids in different ways.
56．What does the underlined word “them” in the third paragraph refer to?
A．Career aspirations. B．The mentors.
C．Difficult problems. D．The pupils.
57．What does the final result of the study indicate in the last two paragraphs?
A．Students mostly choose sports athletes as their models.
B．Students don’t have more ideas about their career goals.
C．Both the young and the old like to become sports athletes.
D．Students often change their career aspirations during high school.

For the last 8 years, about 200 residents of Strunino, a small town in Russia’s Vladimir Oblast region have not had to worry about buying bread, thanks to the generosity of a local grocery store owner who has been giving it away for free.
Mamoud Shavershyan came to Russia, from Armenia, 25 years ago. He worked as an engineer, before setting up his own business. But everything changed one day, 8 years ago when sitting behind the counter, Mamoud saw an old lady counting dozens of coins to pay for a couple of loaves of bread. He found it embarrassing for the old lady and ended up giving her the bread for free. That day, he made the decision to print coupons (优惠券) that the elderly in Strunino could exchange for white or black bread at his store. To make sure that people knew about his offer, he advertised it in a local paper.
But that was only the beginning. Soon, Mamoud continued his generous offer to people with disabilities, large families with low income, and the generally poor. News spread like wildfire, and soon poor people from neighbouring villages started coming by his shop to receive coupons. Today, the “Eric” grocery store in Strunino gives away around 2,000 loaves of white bread and 1,000 loaves of black bread every month. They also regularly donate gingerbread to local kindergartens, and to coupon holders during holidays.
The kindhearted Armenian says that he just wants those less fortunate than him to have a better life. “Local authorities don’t care about my initiative (计划，措施),” Mamoud says. “They have never acknowledged my work, never offered thanks, but I didn’t do it for that. I just want the people around me to have an untroubled life.”
58．What can we know about Mamoud Shavershyan?
A．He is a native Russian. B．He was once an engineer.
C．He is a worker in a bakery. D．He came to Strunino 8 years ago.
59．Who did Mamoud plan to give his generous offer first?
A．Disabled people. B．Homeless people.
C．The elderly in the town. D．The children in poor families.
60．What’s the local authorities’ attitude towards Mamoud’s initiative?
A．Grateful. B．Concerned. C．Uninterested. D．Favorable.
61．What is the best title for the text?
A．Mamoud Shavershyan Helps Others Selflessly B．Free Coupons Printed for the Elderly
C．Live and Learn in One’s Life D．Grocery Store Owner Faces Difficulties Bravely

Camps Serving Both Boys and Girls
Camps that serve both boys and girls traditionally offer programmes that separate girls and boys while at camp, yet bring them together for some activities or meals.
Cheley Colorado Camp   Founded in 1921
The Cheley Colorado Camp serves young people from throughout the U. S. and several other countries. Located in and around the Estes Park Valley and surrounded by breathtaking mountain views and forests, Cheley Camp serves boys and girls, divided by gender (性别) and age group, starting at age nine years old. Campers have the opportunity to experience unforgettable fun activities, mountain biking, river rafting, horseback riding, hiking, and backpacking. Through these activities, campers learn team-building, cooperation and leadership skills and self-confidence. When the day is done, campers have the opportunity to gather around the evening campfire.
Camp Killooleet   Founded in 1927
Camp Killooleet serves boys and girls who are 9—14 years of age. Camp Killooleet is located along the edge of the Green Mountain National Forest in Hancock Vermont. The owners say that nearly all the campers return to Camp Killooleet each year until they reach the age limit. Children are housed in small groups of the same gender and experience the beauty of the nearly 300 acres and private lake. In addition to bicycling at the flat campus, children can explore local nature sites, canoeing in the Adirondacks, caving and rock-climbing. Children can also choose a wide variety of sports such as basketball, soccer, horseback riding and so on.
Camp Weequahic   Founded in 1953
Lying just two hours northwest of NYC and three hours north of Philadelphia, Camp Weequahic offers a traditional camping experience for campers aged 7—13. Parents and children may choose the three-week sleep-away option or can opt for the “Super Six” week camping experience. Whichever option your family chooses, Camp Weequahic features continuous fun and learning experiences for your children. In addition to traditional types of camping activities, campers can also opt for specialty camps in the arts, sports or adventure. Campers also enjoy a variety of water activities and venture out on trips to nearby venues.
62．Which of the following camps will be divided by campers’ gender and age?
A．Camp Weequahic. B．Cheley Colorado Camp.
C．Camp Killooleet. D．Camp Walden.
63．What can be learned about Camp Weequahic?
A．The kids who are over 14 can join the camp.
B．Only it has some water activities.
C．It has different choices for specialty camps.
D．It’s far from the centre of the big cities.
64．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To introduce some summer camps.
B．To sell souvenirs (纪念品) of summer camps.
C．To talk about special exhibits.
D．To tell the differences between girls and boys.

New Jersey Botanical Garden Membership
It’s easy to apply for New Jersey Botanical Garden (NJBG) Membership or renew your membership online, by phone or by mail. And it’s so important to the Botanical Garden! Your membership dollars help to improve the Garden, and provide educational and recreational (娱乐的) activities for the general public. Thank you for your support! To apply for or renew it, please click on the appropriate section and membership category below for safe and convenient online payment processing by PayPal.
If you prefer to apply by phone or mail, call the NJBG office at (973) 962-9534 or download and send in our membership brochure (Adobe Acrobat PDF file).
★Apply NJBG Today
Membership Category
Individual
Dual (两人共用)
Student
Annual Dues
$35
$60
$25
Special: Save some money with Biennial Dues (两年会费)
$60
$100
$40
Membership Category
Individual
Dual
Student
Annual Dues
$30
$50
$25
Special: Save some money with Biennial Dues
$50
$80
$40
★Renew Your MembershipThe Botanical Garden started life as Skylands, a large area in the grand manner. It is famous for a 44-room Tudor Revival granite mansion (公馆) designed by John Russell Pope. Skylands has 96 acres of formal and naturalized gardens and is surrounded by over 1,000 acres of meadows (草坪) and woodlands. Purchased by the State in 1966 and officially named as the New Jersey Botanical Garden in 1984, the gardens contain approximately 5,000 species and varieties of trees and flowers.
For you, the NJBG is an exciting and beautiful place to visit, where you may enjoy each season’s best. Members enjoy special events, festivals, lectures, and rewarding educational opportunities for both city and country gardeners.
Your NJBG membership offers you discounts at participating nurseries (苗圃), garden centers and other fine businesses. Simply present your NJBG membership card when beginning your purchase:
*Goffle Brook Farm and Garden Center, (201) 652-7540
10% off your purchase
*Metropolitan Plant Exchange, (973) 638-7613
12% off your purchase
*Rohsler’s Allendale Nursery &Florist, (201) 327-3156
15% off your purchase
65．What can we know about the Botanical Garden?
A．It was purchased and officially named in the 1960s.
B．The designer of the mansion is John Russell Pope.
C．Skylands has 96 acres of formal and man-made gardens.
D．Visitors can enjoy special events without membership for free.
66．How much does a couple need to pay if they want to renew their two-year membership?
A．$40. B．$50. C．$60. D．$80.
67．Which should you call to learn more about Metropolitan Plant Exchange?
A．(201) 327-3156. B．(973) 962-9534.
C．(973) 638-7613. D．(201) 652-7540.

Habitat loss, pesticides (农药) and climate change are threatening insect populations worldwide. In 2019, Biological Conservation reported that 40% of all insects species are declining (减少) globally and that a third of them are endangered.
And while it may sound nice to live in a world with fewer bad insects, environmental writer Oliver Milman says that human beings would be in big trouble without insects. That’s because insects play important roles in pollinating (给……授粉) plants we eat, breaking down waste in forest soil and forming the base of a food chain that other larger animals including- humans-rely upon.
“It would be an extremely terrible place to live in—and certainly not something we should ever aim for,” Milman says of an insect free existence. “You would certainly have mass starvation and social unrest…It’d be a place where there would be smelly waste and dead bodies everywhere because insects that break down those materials would be gone. ”
Milman charts the troubling decline of insects in his new book, The Insect Crisis: The Fall of the Tiny Empires That Run the World. He says that while it’s impossible to know exactly what’s happening with every insect species in the world, the overall trends are not good: The butterfly population in North America has declined quickly in the past 40 years, for example, and a U. N. assessment done in 2019 found that half a million insect species are under threat of extinction, some in the coming decades.
“The world, our surroundings, would be far quieter, far duller without insects,” he says. “When you start kind of digging down into these figures looking at the research, it’s clear that there’s something seriously wrong…There is a straight decline in most insect populations, and that spells major trouble for them but also for us.”
68．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about insects?
A．Their classification. B．Their importance.
C．Their development. D．Their future.
69．What can be inferred about Milman’s new book?
A．It describes the worrying decline of insects.
B．It tells what’s happening with all insect species.
C．It shows half a million butterfly species will be in danger of extinction.
D．It explains why the number of butterflies in South America has increased.
70．What is the author s attitude to the decline of insect population?
A．Positive. B．Worried. C．Unconcerned D．Doubtful.
71．What is the text mainly about?
A．The introduction of the endangered insects. B．The ways of increasing insects’ population.
C．The effects of the declining insects’ population. D．The reasons of threatening insects’ population.

I was never addicted to skydiving, but I definitely enjoyed it. I made my first skydiving when I was 19. I was one of a selected few who got a chance to attend the US Air Force Academy’s Freefall school, a program that taught mostly Air Force Academy cadets how to jump out of planes. It wasn’t intended to make us operational paratroopers(伞兵), but to teach us about accomplishing tasks in high-stress situations. And this training program was the only one that allowed jumpers to perform freefall skydiving and pull their own ripcords(开伞索) without a trained instructor jumping alongside of them.
When I returned to Columbus for my college study, I proudly wore my parachutist badge(伞兵徽章). About a month later, I made my first private skydiving and the rest was history. I jumped more and more, only paying for the jumps and necessary training when I had the funds to do it.
Eventually, I had made 10 skydiving, and then it was 20, and I found that I was making jumps at different drop zones. I even bought my own parachute system.
I kept jumping during my senior year. The last jump I made, however, was in the fall of 2006 when I was in Cleveland. My new job needed me to work six days a week and I just didn’t have time to skydive regularly. When I moved to the DC area, I suffered from herniated disk(椎间盘突出) and I knew I would never jump out of a plane again.
My skydiving career ended with 55 jumps, with more than 40 minutes of freefall time. I met great people along the way and did some pretty crazy jumps. I’ll never forget meeting Adam Abelow, the head of the skydiving club, who gave me a ride to get my first jump, and Jen White, who coached me on many of my jumps. I’ll never forget getting my license and the time when my grandparents came to watch me jump.
72．Why did the author choose the program at the US Air Force Academy’s Freefall school?
A．To get a badge of honor.
B．To be admitted by the school.
C．To prepare to be a real paratrooper.
D．To learn to complete tasks under high pressure.
73．What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraphs 2 to 4?
A．His colorful college life. B．His experience of skydiving.
C．His achievements in skydiving. D．The development of skydiving.
74．What made the author give up skydiving?
A．His busy schedule. B．His demanding work.
C．His physical condition. D．His failure to raise money.
75．In writing the last paragraph, the author aims to __________.
A．present his views about skydiving B．reflect on his past experiences
C．show his love for skydiving D．express his appreciation


















参考答案：
1．A 2．D 3．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种中国传统美食。
1．细节理解题。根据Spring Rolls中的“The Chinese food Spring rolls’(Chūnjuǎn) name comes from the Spring Festival in China. (中国食品春卷的名字来源于中国的春节)”可知，春卷与中国新年有关。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据Spring Rolls中的“They are made of thin lough filled with meat and vegetables, rolled and fried. (它们是用肉和蔬菜做成的，卷起来油炸)”、Chow Mein中的“Chow mein (Chǎomiàn) is a fried dish with noodles, meat and onions. (炒面是一种用面条、肉和洋葱油炸的食物)”、Dumplings中的“A dumpling consists of boiled or baked dough filled with meat and vegetables. (饺子是由煮熟或烤熟的面团馅料肉和蔬菜组成的)”和Egg-fried Rice中的“The dish has a strong delicious smell and it’s very easy to cook with eggs, vegetables and so on. (这道菜有一股浓郁的香味，很容易和鸡蛋、蔬菜等一起烹饪)”可知，这四道菜共同之处是它们的成分都包括蔬菜。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段“Click here and see how to cook these dishes. (点击这里看看怎么做这些菜)”可推断，我们可以在网站上找到这篇文章。故选B。
4．B 5．D 6．C 7．A

【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了杨紫琼获得了在奥斯卡最佳女主角。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“The Malaysian-born actress defeated tough challenger, including two-time winner Cate Blanchett and five-time nominee (被提名人) Michelle Williams, to take home the honored award for her extraordinary performance in the multiverse comedy Everything Everywhere All at Once.( 这位马来西亚出生的女演员击败了强有力的挑战者，包括两次获奖的凯特·布兰切特和五次提名的米歇尔·威廉姆斯，凭借在多元宇宙喜剧《瞬息全宇宙》中的出色表演，将这个荣誉奖项带回家。)”可知，杨紫琼令人印象深刻的表演让让她获得了奥斯卡奖。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据第四段的“And ladies, don’t let anyone ever tell you (that) you’re past your prime (黄金期),” the 60-year-old added.( 60岁的她补充道:“女士们，不要让任何人告诉你，你的黄金时代已经过去了。”)”可知，她是意志坚强的，根据第五段的““I have to dedicate this to my mom and all the moms in the world because they are really the superheroes, and without them none of us would be here tonight,” she said.( 她说:“我要把这个奖献给我的妈妈和世界上所有的妈妈，因为她们真的是超级英雄，没有她们，我们今晚就不会站在这里。”)”可知，她是感恩的，故选D。
6．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Calling the actress “a female Jackie Chan”, Sha Dan, a film critic, said that Yeoh is the film industry’s darling for not only her jaw-dropping performance in action movies, but also her performance in artistic works. Everything Everywhere All at Once seems to be specifically crafted for Yeoh because the movie reflects her decades-long efforts to raise the cultural significance of Asian-themed films worldwide, Sha added. His remarks were just part of a stir among Chinese media, with the news hash-tag getting over 430 million views on the popular micro-blogging platform Sina Weibo in just three hours.( 影评人沙丹称杨紫琼为“女版成龙”，他说杨紫琼是电影界的宠儿，不仅因为她在动作片中令人瞠目结舌的表演，还因为她在艺术作品中的表现。沙补充说，《瞬息全宇宙》似乎是专门为杨紫琼制作的，因为这部电影反映了她几十年来在全球范围内提高亚洲主题电影文化意义的努力。他的言论只是中国媒体轰动的一部分，这个新闻标签在流行的微博平台新浪微博上仅仅三个小时就获得了超过4.3亿的阅读量。)”可知，本段讲述了媒体对杨紫琼成就的评论。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段“Michelle Yeoh, an iconic name in Chinese cinema, made history on Sunday night by becoming the first Asian woman to win the Academy Award for best actress.( 周日晚，中国电影界的标志性人物杨紫琼创造了历史，成为首位获得奥斯卡最佳女主角奖的亚洲女性)”以及全文内容可知，文章陈述了杨紫琼获得了奥斯卡最佳女主角，属于新闻报道。故选A。
8．A 9．B 10．C 11．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jim Glaub和Dylan Parker夫妇通过与其他帮助有需要的人的非营利组织合作，来回复一些家庭写给“圣诞老人”的信，为他们送去礼物。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“Jim Glaub and Dylan Parker had just been handed the keys to their new Manhattan apartment on 22nd Street when the outgoing tenant (房客) said something curious, “Just so you know, there’s this thing where letters addressed to Santa come to the apartment. The previous tenants received the mail too. It has been coming for years and no one knows why.”(Jim Glaub和Dylan Parker刚拿到他们在曼哈顿第22街的新公寓的钥匙，那个即将离开的房客说了些奇怪的话：“告诉你们一声，有个地方，给圣诞老人的信会寄到公寓里。之前的房客也收到了邮件。它已经来了很多年，没有人知道为什么。”)”可推知，房客对在公寓里收到这些信感到奇怪。故选A。
9．推理判断题。根据第二段的“They responded to as many as they could, writing notes, even buying gifts. Glaub, of course, is not Santa. They could do only so much.(他们尽可能多地回复，写便条，甚至买礼物。Glaub当然不是圣诞老人。他们能做的也就这么多了)”可推知，这对夫妇已经尽力了。故选B。
10．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“A lot of people were like, ‘I’ll take a letter. I’ll satisfy it.’(很多人说，‘我要一封信。我会满足它的。’)”可推知，他的客人们都很感兴趣。由此可知，划线词intrigued的意思是“感兴趣的”，和interested意思相近。故选C。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“Glaub and Parker settled in to their new home, and for the first two years only a few letters from kids or parents asked “Santa” for gifts they could not otherwise afford. Then in the months leading to Christmas 2010, their mailbox was filled with letters to Santa every day. They responded to as many as they could, writing notes, even buying gifts. Glaub, of course, is not Santa. They could do only so much.(Glaub和Parker在新家安顿下来，在头两年里，只有几封来自孩子或父母的来信，要求“圣诞老人”送他们买不起的礼物。在2010年圣诞节前的几个月里，他们的邮箱里每天都塞满了写给圣诞老人的信。他们尽可能多地回复，写便条，甚至买礼物。格劳布当然不是圣诞老人。他们能做的也就这么多了)”和倒数第二段的“To spread the word, they started a website, miracleon22ndstreel.com, and a Facebook page. Working with other nonprofits that help those in need, they invited families from around the county to go online and request gifts for their children. Likewise, donors, also known as “elves,” can sign up to buy gifts for a child or family, accompanied by a signed note with Elf before their name, such as Elf Jim or Elf Jody.(为了传播这个消息，他们建立了一个网站，miracleon22ndstreel. com和一个Facebook页面。他们与其他帮助有需要的人的非营利组织合作，邀请全国各地的家庭上网为他们的孩子索要礼物。同样，捐赠者，也被称为“精灵”，可以注册为孩子或家庭购买礼物，并在他们的名字前附上精灵的签名便条，如精灵Jim或精灵Jody)”可知，本文主要讲的是Jim Glaub和Dylan Parker夫妇通过与其他帮助有需要的人的非营利组织合作，来回复一些家庭写给“圣诞老人”的信，为他们送去礼物，即一对善良的夫妇是如何处理给圣诞老人的信的。故选C。
12．A 13．D 14．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国最好的四个赛马场的特色和受欢迎程度。
12．细节理解题。根据Cheltenham中的“It is the festival for the die-hard lovers of the sport, as the racing takes front and centre of the attention as the biggest prizes are handed out.(对于这项运动的铁杆爱好者来说，这是一个节日，因为赛车会成为人们关注的焦点，因为最高的奖品会被分发出去)”可知，切尔滕纳姆节的亮点是它提供大奖。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据Aintree中的“There is extra emphasis on fashion when attending Aintree.(参加安特里的时候会特别强调时尚)”以及Ascot中的“This is one of the most fashionable race days on the calendar, as all visitors entering certain zones must be wearing a top hat.(这是日历上最时尚的赛日之一，因为所有进入特定区域的游客都必须戴上大礼帽)”可知，安特里和阿斯科特共同之处在于它们具有时尚特色。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据第一段“In the UK, the best racecourses (赛马场) are in all corners of the country, which means that it is accessible for all fans of the sport to see the biggest stars. So, what are the four best racecourses in the UK?(在英国，最好的赛马场遍布全国各个角落，这意味着所有的赛马爱好者都可以看到最大牌的明星。那么，英国最好的四个赛马场是哪四个呢)”可知，文章介绍了英国最好的四个赛马场的特色和受欢迎程度。由此推知，文章可能摘自一本旅游指南。故选B。
15．D 16．C 17．C 18．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文，本文主要介绍一项研究发现，纸上阅读比屏幕阅读更有效。
15．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“If you are reading from paper, your mind thinks,’ This is something important. I need to pay attention to it’(如果你正进行纸上阅读，你的大脑会想‘这是个重要的东西，我得集中注意力。’)”可知，读者认为材料是否重要影响他或她的注意力集中程度，故选D。
16．推理判断题。根据第三度末句“‘Metacognition’ simply means thinking about one’s own thinking.(‘元认知’仅仅意味着思考自己的想法)”可知，“元认知”意思是只思考自己的想法，故C项“‘我想我爱上你了。’Ted不假思索地对Mary说”中Ted的行为反映了元认知。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Clinton points to new and developing tools that can be used to improve a screen reader’s understanding and focus. ‘For example, when you’re reading off of a screen it can be programmed that you have to answer questions and get them right before you can continue.(Clinton指出新的和正在开发的工具可以用来提高屏幕阅读者的理解和注意力。‘例如，当你进行屏幕阅读时，可以设定程序，在正确回答了相应问题后，你才能进行下一步)”可知，Clinton认为屏幕阅读的好处是它可以被编程来检查阅读者的理解。故选C。
18．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“If you want to make sure that you understand this story as fully as possible, you might consider printing the article and reading it on paper.(如果你想确保更好地理解一个故事，你或许可以考虑把它打印出来在纸上看)”和最后一段中“Although her findings may support paper reading over screen reading(相比屏幕阅读，她的发现或许更支持纸上阅读)”可知，本文主要介绍一项研究发现，纸上阅读比屏幕阅读更有效，故选D。
19．D 20．C 21．A 22．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一个更环保且效率更高的稀土提取技术。
19．细节理解题。根据第二段的“However, conventional mining applies overmuch usage of chemical agents to recover REEs front these deposits, not only exhibiting low efficiency but also polluting the environment.(然而，常规采矿在这些矿床前回收稀土时，大量使用化学药剂，不仅效率低，而且污染环境)”和第三段的“The electrokinetic effect can speed up the migration of REEs, reducing the need for harmful chemical agents.(电动效应可以加速稀土元素的迁移，减少对有害化学剂的需求)”可知，这项新技术被称为开采稀土的“greener alternative”是因为相较于传统方法，它使用的化学剂更少。故选D。
20．推理判断题。根据第四段的“For instance, the scaled-up experiments achieved a recovery efficiency of 96% within 67 hours by using electrokinetics. Using the conventional technique, it was only 62% at 130 hours.(例如，通过使用电动力学，扩大的实验在67小时内实现了96%的回收效率。使用传统技术，在130小时时仅为62%)”和第五段“Using electrokinetics can achieve a recovery efficiency higher than 90%, an 80% decrease in polluting agent usage and a 70% reduction in impurity.(使用电动力学可以实现高于90%的回收效率，减少80%的污染剂使用，减少70%的杂质)”推知，作者通过提供测试结果的方式来展示新方法的实用性。故选C。
21．细节理解题。根据五段中“The difference between the impact of the old and the new approaches was even more significant in an on-site field test: Using electrokinetics can achieve a recovery efficiency higher than 90%, an 80% decrease in polluting agent usage and a 70% reduction in impurity.(在现场测试中，新旧方法的影响差异更为显著：使用电动力学可以实现90%以上的回收率，减少80%的污染剂使用，减少70%的杂质)”可知，这种新技术可以减少70%的杂质，有助于提取更纯的稀土元素。故选A。
22．主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第三段的“Researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry proposed a new approach in the journal Nature Sustainability earlier this month, showing that employing electrokinetic mining techniques to extract (提取) REEs from weathering crusts can be both clean and efficient.(本月早些时候，中国科学院广州地球化学研究所的研究人员在《自然可持续发展》杂志上提出了一种新方法，表明利用电动采矿技术从风化壳中提取稀土既清洁又高效)”可知，本文主要介绍了一个更环保且效率更高的稀土提取技术。故选B。
23．A 24．D 25．B 26．C

【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了来自肯尼亚偏远小村庄的Tegeret在目睹所在社区中很多女孩没有机会上学，存在早婚等可怕的文化习俗，剥夺了女孩们受教育的机会，Tegeret以帮助她的社区变得更好为动力，克服自身经济困难，努力研读法律和历史，成为律师，通过自身的影响力来激励女孩们追逐自己的梦想。
23．细节理解题。根据第一段“The biggest challenges Tegeret had to face was the financial one since seeking law as a career is expensive. Coming from a community where girls barely get past high school doesn’t lighten the load in any way either. (Tegeret面临的最大挑战是财务问题，因为从事法律职业的成本很高。来自一个女孩高中毕业率都不高的社区，也丝毫不能减轻其负担。)”可知，从事法律职业的成本很高，泰格雷特面临的最大挑战是财务问题。故选A项。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段“Her community has high illiteracy levels where plenty of girls have no opportunity to attend school. Terrible cultural practices like early marriage are still very common, robbing the youth of the opportunities to be educated. She knew quite early that for her to be able to bring change to the community, she needed to be equipped with the right tools through education and knowledge of the law. (她所在的社区文盲率很高，很多女孩没有机会上学。早婚等可怕的文化习俗仍然非常普遍，剥夺了女孩们受教育的机会。她很早就知道，要想给社区带来改变，她需要通过教育和法律知识来配备合适的工具。)”可知，基于Tegeret所在社区的情况，Tegeret想通过自身接受法律教育来帮助她的社区变得更好。故选D项。
25．推理判断题。根据第四段“As she burned the midnight oil, studying piles of history books and law cases, the memory of her father further inspired her. (当她挑灯夜战，研究成堆的历史书籍和法律案例时，对父亲的记忆进一步激励了她。)”可知，Tegeret学习很努力，根据第五段“Tegeret wants to work with NGOs and government agencies to promote the rights of the minority. Her desire grows stronger when she finds many people can’t speak for themselves. She wants to raise their voice and make them heard by the authorities. (Tegeret希望与非政府组织和政府机构合作，促进少数民族的权利。当她发现许多人不能为自己说话时，她的愿望变得更加强烈。她想提高他们的声音，让当局听到他们的声音。)”可知，Tegeret愿意为促进少数民族的权利而努力，所以是一个有雄心壮志的人，故选B项。
26．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Her remarkable achievement is a source of encouragement to many young girls whose dreams look too big compared to their life’s circumstances. She wants to let them know they, too, have rights to choose their intended life.(她的非凡成就鼓舞了许多年轻女孩，她们的梦想与生活环境相比显得过于远大。她想让他们知道，他们也有权选择自己想要的生活。)”可知，文章介绍了来自肯尼亚偏远小村庄的Tegeret在目睹所在社区中很多女孩没有机会上学，存在早婚等可怕的文化习俗，剥夺了女孩们受教育的机会，Tegeret以帮助她的社区变得更好为动力，克服自身经济困难，学习法律，成为律师，通过自身的影响力来激励女孩们追逐自己的梦想，Meet a female lawyer适合作标题，故选C项。
27．D 28．B 29．A 30．C

【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述中国生育率下降的事实，呼吁采取措施提高生育率。
27．推理判断题。根据第五段“A survey shows that women planned to have 1.64 babies in 2021, down from 1.76 in 2017. For people born in the 1990s and 2000s, their ideal number of babies was only 1.54 and 1.48 respectively. (一项调查显示，女性计划在2021年生1.64个孩子，低于2017年的1.76个。对于20世纪90年代和21世纪初出生的人来说，他们的理想婴儿数量分别只有1.54个和1.48个。)”可知，这一段列举数字是为了解释中国生育率下降的原因。故选D。
28．词句猜测题。根据第七段““A survey shows that less than 70 percent of women aged 35 and under agree that a life with children is complete,” he said, adding that given the low fertility rate in China, it would be extremely difficult to raise the fertility without strengthened efforts to foster a longing for marriage and family. (他说：“一项调查显示，35岁及以下的女性中，只有不到70%的人认为有孩子的生活是完整的。”他补充说，鉴于中国的生育率很低，如果不加大力度foster对婚姻和家庭的渴望，就很难提高生育率)”可知，这里建议要提高对婚姻和家庭的渴望，才能提高生育率。所以foster的意思应该是“提高”，和选项raise意思一致。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据第八段“Wang suggested devoting more efforts to the promotion of getting married and having children at proper ages and sharing family responsibilities between men and women. (王建议加大力度促进适龄结婚生子和男女分担家庭责任)”可知，男女分担家庭责任有可能帮助提高生育率。故选A。
30．推理判断题。根据第一段“China’s fertility(生育) rate is on a downward trend and the average family size has been shrinking over the years, a senior official said on Saturday, calling for comprehensive measures to encourage marriage and childbearing. (周六，一位高级官员表示，中国的生育率呈下降趋势，多年来平均家庭规模一直在缩小。他呼吁采取全面措施鼓励结婚和生育)”结合下文分析生育率下降的原因和提高生育率的措施可知，这篇文章主要是为了呼吁大家采取措施提高生育率。故选C。
31．C 32．B 33．A 34．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了可穿戴设备的好处、潜在风险和前景。
31．推理判断题。根据首段末句“No doubt, wearable devices are the next frontier for personalized healthcare. (毫无疑问，可穿戴设备是个性化医疗的下一个前沿领域。)”以及下文对可穿戴设备的好处、潜在风险和前景的详细介绍可知，本段是为了引出可穿戴设备这一话题。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“Privacy policy related to data management is unclear as the policy guidelines of the device companies state that data will not be sold to third parties but also state that data may be shared with business partners to improve service experiences. Hackers may get very detailed information about our personal information such as location and workplace, and they can steal credit card information, alter fitness data, and manipulate (操控) our insurance policies. (与数据管理相关的隐私政策尚不明确，因为设备公司的政策指导方针声明，数据不会出售给第三方，但也声明，数据可能会与业务伙伴共享，以改善服务体验。黑客可能会得到我们非常详细的个人信息，比如位置和工作地点，他们还可以窃取信用卡信息，修改健身数据，操纵我们的保险政策。)”可知，黑客可能会得到我们的个人信息。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据末段最后两句“However, they bring some threats to our personal data. Nevertheless, wearable devices are significant to manage our personal healthcare. (然而，它们给我们的个人数据带来了一些威胁。然而，可穿戴设备对管理我们的个人医疗保健很重要。)”可知，虽然给我们的个人数据带来了一些威胁，但是可穿戴设备对管理我们的个人医疗保健很重要。故可推知，作者对可穿戴设备的未来持有乐观的态度。故选A。
34．主旨大意题。根据第二段首句“Wearable devices are popularly used to monitor health. (可穿戴设备被广泛用于健康监测。)”，第三段首句“No doubt wearable devices add comfort and convenience to our lives but they also pose threats to our lives. (毫无疑问，可穿戴设备为我们的生活增添了舒适和便利，但它们也对我们的生活构成了威胁。)”以及末段首句“Wearable devices inspire healthier lifestyles. (可穿戴设备激发更健康的生活方式。)”可知，本文主要介绍了可穿戴设备的好处、潜在风险和前景。故选C。
35．B 36．A 37．D 38．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，讲故事是一种低成本、高效的方式，有助于改善健康状况，帮助住院的孩子减轻疼痛。
35．推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“If you stand in front of a group of kids, and start stating facts and ideas about a particular topic, like common trees found in a forest, their eyes will probably become dull because they’ll get bored.”（如果你站在一群孩子面前，开始陈述关于某个特定话题的事实和想法，就像森林里常见的树一样，他们的眼睛可能会变得迟钝，因为他们会感到无聊。）和“But if you stand up in front of that same group of people and tell them a story, something different will happen.”（但如果你站在同一群人面前，给他们讲一个故事，就会发生不同的事情。）可知，如果你站在一群孩子面前陈述关于某个特定话题的事实和想法，孩子们会感到无聊，但如果你给他们讲一个故事，他们会感到有趣，由此可知，作者在第一段中想要强调讲故事有吸引注意力的魔力。故选B项。
36．细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“Earlier research suggests that stories help children process and regulate their emotions—but it was mostly conducted in a laboratory, with subjects answering questions while lying inside MRI (核磁共振) machines. There are few studies on psychological effects of storytelling in more commonplace scenes, such as hospitals.”（早期的研究表明，故事有助于儿童处理和调节他们的情绪，但这主要是在实验室里进行的，受试者躺在核磁共振成像机里回答问题。很少有人研究在医院等更常见的场景中讲故事的心理影响。）可知，之前的研究是在实验室里进行的，而新的研究是在医院等现实生活场景中进行的，由此可知，这项新研究与先前研究的不同之处在于这项新研究是在现实生活中进行的。故选A项。
37．细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“Before and after these sessions, the researchers let each child spit into a tube, then asked them to report their pain levels and conducted a free-association word quiz.”（在这些实验的之前和之后，研究人员让每个孩子往一根管子里吐口水，然后让他们报告自己的疼痛程度，并进行了一个自由的联想单词测试。）和第四段关键句“Based on the analysis of each tube of saliva (唾液), the researchers found children in both groups showed lower levels of the stress-related hormone (荷尔蒙) called cortisol and higher levels of oxytocin, a feel-good hormone.”（根据对每管唾液的分析，研究人员发现，两组儿童的压力相关荷尔蒙皮质醇水平较低，催产素水平较高，催产素是一种感觉良好的激素。）可知，在实验的之前和之后，研究人员收集了并测试了每个孩子的唾液，由此可知，研究人员在他们的实验中收集并测试了一些唾液样本。故选D项。
38．推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“Those who heard stories reported pain levels dropping almost twice as much as those in the riddle group, and they used more positive words.”（那些听过故事的人报告说，他们的疼痛程度下降了几乎是谜语组的两倍，而且他们使用了更多积极的词语。）可知，听过故事的人的疼痛程度下降了几乎是谜语组的两倍，由此可知，我们可以推断出听故事可以帮助住院的孩子减轻疼痛。故选C项。
39．C 40．D 41．A 42．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述莫桑比克大象因为多年的内战和偷猎，在进化过程中导致了无牙大象的出现，文章分析了进化的原因及可能导致的结果。
39．主旨大意题。根据第二段内容，结合最后一句“‘The years of war changed the course of evolution in that population,’ said biologist Shane Campbell-Staton.(生物学家Shane Campbell-Staton说：‘多年的战争改变了这一种群的进化过程。’)”可知，本段主要讲述大象不长牙的原因，故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据第四段中“In Gorongosa, researchers collected blood samples from seven tusked and eleven tuskless female elephants, then analyzed their DNA for differences.(在Gorongosa，研究人员收集了7头有象牙和11头没有象牙的母象的血液样本，然后分析了它们的DNA差异)”可知，研究人员是通过收集样本并进行研究分析的方式来研究大象。故选D。
41．词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“The work helps scientists and the public understand how our society can have a major influence on the evolution of other life forms.(这项工作有助于科学家和公众了解我们的社会如何对其他生命形式的进化产生重大影响)”可知，这项研究意义重大，故画线词所在句意为“他们已经提供了基因变化的确凿证据”，smoking-gun意为“确定无疑的”，故选A。
42．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘Their previous analysis of fecal (排泄物) samples suggests the tuskless females ate mostly grass, without long tusks to peel bark from trees, whereas the tusked animals ate more legumes (豆类) and tough woody plants,’ said Robert Pringle. ‘These changes will last for at least multiple elephant generations.’(‘他们之前对粪便样本的分析表明，由于没有长牙来剥树皮，没有长牙的雌性主要吃草，而有牙的动物吃更多的豆类和坚韧的木本植物，’ Robert Pringle说。‘这些变化将至少持续几代大象。’)”可知，大象发生了很多变化，且这些变化会继续影响它们好几代。故选D。
43．B 44．D 45．A

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上四个奇特的节日：背老婆世界锦标赛、猴子自助餐节、泥浆节和番茄节。
43．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The prize is awarded based on the wife’s weight in beer. (比赛的奖品是与妻子体重一样的啤酒。)”可知，如果你赢得背老婆世界锦标赛，你会得到很多啤酒。故选B项。
44．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The festival first occurred in 1989, run by a local businessman to drive up tourism in Lopburi. (这个节日首次出现于1989年，由一名当地商人经营，以推动Lopburi的旅游业。)”可知，创办猴子自助餐节的目的是为了发展旅游业。故选D项。
45．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Although the exact origins of the tradition are unknown because of its long history (虽然这个传统的确切起源是未知的，因为它的历史悠久)”、第二段中“The festival first occurred in 1989 (该节日首次举办于1989年)”、第三段中“The festival first took place in 1998 (该节日首次举办于1998年)”和第四段中“The festival has been organized annually in August in Buñol since 1940s (从20世纪40年代开始，每年8月在Buñol举办)”可知，四个节日中创办最晚的是第三段中的泥浆节，首次举办于1998年，它的历史最短。故选A项。
46．B 47．C 48．A 49．D

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述比尔·盖茨记起多年前在机场两次免费送他报纸的卖报人，决定向他伸出援手，回报他当时给自己的帮助。但卖报人说比尔·盖茨现在提供的帮助无法与当年他给比尔·盖茨的帮助相比，因为卖报人当时很穷，但仍慷慨地帮助了比尔·盖茨，但现在比尔·盖茨很富有，所以两者是无法相提并论的。
46．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The seller gave that newspaper to Bill for free.(卖报人把那份报纸免费送给比尔。)”和第二段中“The seller offered him the newspaper again.(卖报人又把报纸递给了他。)”可知，卖报人两次送报纸给比尔·盖茨，由此可知，是卖报人的慷慨给比尔·盖茨留下了深刻印象。故选B项。
47．细节理解题。根据第三段中“He had been searching for the seller for nearly one year before he found him finally (找了快一年才他才终于找到卖报人)”可知，作者没有告诉我们比尔·盖茨是怎么找到卖报人的。故选C项。
48．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中卖报人的话“I had offered help when I was very poor. Now you are attempting to extend your helping hand after a long time when you are the richest person in the entire world. How can what you offer to me now match mine?(当我很穷的时候，我主动提供了帮助。过了这么久的时间，你现在成为了世界上最富有的人，你想要给我提供帮助。但你现在给我的东西怎么能和我给你的一样?)”可知，卖报人认为比尔·盖茨现在提供的帮助无法与之前自己给予的帮助对等，所以比尔·盖茨根本无法给予恰当的回报，由此推知，卖报人会拒绝比尔·盖茨，什么都不会要。故选A项。
49．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，结合最后一段“The rich are those who have a rich heart but not those who have a lot of money. To have a rich heart, kindness is a must.(富人是那些有一颗富有的心的人，而不是那些有很多钱的人。要拥有一颗富有的心，善良是必须的)” 可知，文章通过讲述了比尔·盖茨与卖报人的故事告诉我们要成为富有的人，善良最重要。所以“Kindness matters the most(善良最重要)”是文章最佳标题。故选D项。
50．C 51．A 52．A 53．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宣扬人文主义关怀、唤醒人类关怀与爱的公益广告的相关内容。
50．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话“PSAs are commonly aimed at changing public attitudes by raising awareness about particular issues.(公益广告通常旨在通过提高对特定问题的认识来改变公众的态度。)”可知，公益广告的目的是提高人们对某些特定问题的认识。故选C项。
51．推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“They are common in industrialized countries throughout the world.(它们在世界各地的工业化国家都很常见。)”中的common，第二段第一句“PSAs are commonly aimed at changing public attitudes by raising awareness about particular issues.(公益广告通常旨在通过提高对特定问题的认识来改变公众的态度。)”中的raising awareness等用词，以及文章第二段“Health, conservation and safety themes are prevalent in many PSAs.(健康、保护和安全主题在许多公益广告中很普遍。)”和最后一段“Some of the topics focused on in the PSAs have included child abuse, AIDS and civil rights.(公益广告中关注的一些主题包括虐待儿童、艾滋病和公民权利。)”中涉及的主题可知，这些主题都是对公众有益的。由此可推知，作者对于公益广告的态度是积极的，认为公益广告是好的。故选A项
52．词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“Health, conservation and safety themes are prevalent in many PSAs.(健康、保护和安全主题在许多公益广告中是prevalent。)”以及上文第一段的“They are common in industrialized countries throughout the world.(它们在世界各地的工业化国家都很常见。)”可知，公益广告本身就很常见，而健康、保护和安全等主题又在许多公益广告中很prevalent。由此可推知，prevalent应具有“多、普遍”之意。A. Widespread.普遍的、广泛的；B. Special.特别的、特殊的；C. Strange.奇怪的、不同寻常的；D. Severe.严重的。prevalent为形容词，表示“盛行的、普遍的”，与widespread为同义词。故选A项。
53．推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Health, conservation and safety themes are prevalent in many PSAs.(健康、保护和安全主题在许多公益广告中很普遍。)”以及最后一段最后一句“Some of the topics focused on in the PSAs have included child abuse, AIDS and civil rights.(公益广告中关注的一些主题包括虐待儿童、艾滋病和公民权利。)”可知，公益广告涉及不同主题的内容，C项正确；A项说得太绝对；根据第三段中的“Most commonly, the non-profit agency creates the message and an advertising firm develops the campaign, polishes it to meet industry standards and plans its distribution, all free of charge. (最常见的是，非营利机构创造信息，广告公司开发活动，根据行业标准对其进行润色，并计划其分发，所有这些都是免费的。)”可知，公益广告的制作都是免费的，B项错误；根据第一段中的“The ads are usually broadcast on radio or television, but may also appear in newspapers or magazines.(广告通常在广播或电视上播出，但也可能出现在报纸或杂志上。)”可知，广告通常在广播或电视上播出，也有可能出现在报纸或杂志上，D项错误。故选C项。
54．A 55．D 56．D 57．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从不同方面讲职业运动员对于高中生的影响。
54．细节理解题。根据第一段“The first effect that professional athletes can have on high schoolers is improving their personal character.(职业运动员对高中生的第一个影响是改善他们的个人性格。)”可知职业运动员对高中生的第一个影响是培养他们的个性。故选A项。
55．主旨大意题。根据第二段“athlete mentors are able to inspire kids, change their attitudes and help improve futures(运动员导师能够激励孩子，改变他们的态度，帮助他们改善未来。)”可知运动员导师能够激励孩子、改变他们的态度，帮助他们改善未来，所以本段主要告诉我们的是运动员导师对孩子们的积极影响是多方面的。故选D项。
56．词句猜测题。根据划线词之前“The mentors visited students three times over the six-month period. During the visits, the mentors and pupils told each other about their own difficult problems that they had to face and deal with. This was a way for the pupils to see that the athletes were once just like them(导师们在六个月的时间里拜访了学生三次。在访问期间，导师和学生互相讲述了他们必须面对和处理的困难问题。这是学生们看到运动员曾经像他们的一种方式，)”以及划线词之后“they too could solve their difficulties and achieve great things.(他们也可以解决他们的困难，取得伟大的成就。)”可知，在访问期间，导师和学生互相讲述了他们必须面对和处理的困难问题，导师们让学生们看到他们曾经就像他们一样，目的是让学生明白他们也可以解决自己的困难，所以可以推知此处的划线词them指的是上文提到的“学生”。故选D项。
57．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“In the study, students from every background were asked about their career goals, and whom they chose as their role models.(在这项研究中，来自不同背景的学生被问及他们的职业目标，以及他们选择谁作为自己的榜样。)”以及最后一句“all had role models of sport professional athlete.(他们都有体育职业运动员的榜样。)”可知研究结果表明，当来自各个背景的学生被问及他们的职业目标，以及他们选择谁作为自己的榜样时，他们大都把体育职业运动员作为他们的榜样，所以最后两段的研究结果表明学生大多选择体育运动员作为他们的榜样。故选A项。
58．B 59．C 60．C 61．A

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述一位来自亚美尼亚的小伙子开商店慷慨解囊，为那些经济状况不如他的人提供免费的面包，后来印制优惠券让需要帮助的人换取白面包或者黑面包。
58．细节理解题。根据第二段中“He worked as an engineer, before setting up his own business. (在创业之前，他是一名工程师)”可知，在他开始自己的生意之前曾经是一名工程师。故选B。
59．细节理解题。根据第二段中“That day, he made the decision to print coupons (优惠券) that the elderly in Strunino could exchange for white or black bread at his store. (那天，他决定印制优惠券，让斯特鲁尼诺的老人可以在他的店里用这些优惠券换取白面包或黑面包)”可知，Mamoud打算先给镇上的老人慷慨解囊。故选C。
60．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Local authorities don’t care about my initiative (地方当局不关心我的倡议)”可知，当地政府对此丝毫不关心。故选C。
61．主旨大意题。根据第一段“For the last 8 years, about 200 residents of Strunino, a small town in Russia’s Vladimir Oblast region have not had to worry about buying bread, thanks to the generosity of a local grocery store owner who has been giving it away for free. (在过去的8年里，俄罗斯弗拉基米尔州小镇斯特鲁尼诺的大约200名居民不必担心买不到面包，这要归功于当地一家杂货店老板的慷慨解囊，他一直免费发放面包)”结合文章主要讲述一位来自亚美尼亚的小伙子开商店慷慨解囊，为那些经济状况不如他的人提供免费的面包，后来印制优惠券让需要帮助的人换取白面包或者黑面包。故A项“Mamoud Shavershyan无私地帮助他人”符合文章标题。故选A。
62．B 63．C 64．A

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个不同的男女分营的传统夏令营。
62．细节理解题。根据第一个Cheley Colorado Camp  Founded in 1921部分的“Located in and around the Estes Park Valley and surrounded by breathtaking mountain views and forests, Cheley Camp serves boys and girls, divided by gender (性别) and age group, starting at age nine years old.(Cheley夏令营位于埃斯蒂斯公园山谷及其周围，周围环绕着令人叹为观止的山景和森林，招收男孩和女孩，按性别和年龄分组，从9岁开始。)”可知Cheley Colorado Camp是根据性别划分的。故选B项。
63．细节理解题。根据Camp Weequahic  Founded in 1953部分的“In addition to traditional types of camping activities, campers can also opt for specialty camps in the arts, sports or adventure.(除了传统类型的露营活动，露营者还可以选择艺术、体育或冒险方面的专业营地。)”可知Camp Weequahic也提供艺术、体育或冒险方面的专业选择。故选C项。
64．推理判断题。通观全文可知文章整体都在介绍三个不同的夏令营，所以本文的主要目的是介绍一些夏令营。故选A项。
65．B 66．D 67．C

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了如何申请和续订新泽西州立植物园的会员资格。
65．细节理解题。根据第二个表格下段关键句“It is famous for a 44-room Tudor Revival granite mansion (公馆) designed by John Russell Pope.”（它以拥有44间客房的都铎王朝复兴时期的花岗岩公馆而闻名，该公馆由约翰·拉塞尔·波普设计。）可知，关于植物园我们能了解到，这座公馆的设计师是约翰·拉塞尔·波普。故选B项。
66．细节理解题。根据第二个表格中关键句“Special: Save some money with Biennial Dues, Dual, $80”（特别优惠：缴两年会费节省一些钱，两人共用，80美元）可知，续签两年的会员资格，两人需交80美元，由此可知，如果一对夫妇想续签两年的会员资格，他们需要支付80美元。故选D项。
67．细节理解题。根据倒数第四段内容“Metropolitan Plant Exchange, (973) 638-7613”（大都会植物交易所，（973）638-7613）可知，如果你想了解更多关于大都会植物交易所的信息，可以拨打(973) 638-7613。故选C项。
68．B 69．A 70．B 71．C

【导语】这是一篇议论文。2019年，生物保护组织报告称，全球40%的昆虫物种正在减少，其中三分之一濒临灭绝。虽然生活在一个坏昆虫较少的世界听起来很好，但环境作家奥利弗·米尔曼说，如果没有昆虫，人类将陷入大麻烦。
68．主旨大意题。根据第二段“insects play important roles in pollinating (给……授粉) plants we eat, breaking down waste in forest soil and forming the base of a food chain that other larger animals including- humans-rely upon.( 昆虫在为我们食用的植物授粉、分解森林土壤中的废物并形成包括人类在内的其他大型动物所依赖的食物链的基础方面发挥着重要作用)”可知，本段主要讲的是昆虫的重要性，故选B项。
69．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Milman charts the troubling decline of insects in his new book (米尔曼在他的新书中描绘了昆虫数量令人不安的下降)”可推理出，Milman的新书描述了令人担忧的昆虫数量下降，故选A项。
70．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“There is a straight decline in most insect populations, and that spells major trouble for them but also for us. (大多数昆虫的数量都在直接下降，这对它们和我们来说都是一个大麻烦)”可知，作者对昆虫数量的下降持担忧的态度，故选B项。
71．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“In 2019, Biological Conservation reported that 40% of all insects species are declining(减少)globally and that a third of them are endangered. ( 2019年，生物保护组织报告称，全球40%的昆虫物种正在减少，其中三分之一濒临灭绝)”、第二段“environmental writer Oliver Milman says that human beings would be in big trouble without insects. ( 环保作家奥利弗·米尔曼说，如果没有昆虫，人类将陷入大麻烦)”以及最后一段“The world, our surroundings, would be far quieter, far duller without insects (如果没有昆虫，这个世界，我们周围的环境，会安静得多，也会沉闷得多)”可知，本文主要讲的是昆虫数量减少带来的影响，故选C项。
72．D 73．B 74．C 75．D

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述为了学会在高压下完成任务，作者参加美国空军学院自由落体学校，成为了伞兵，期间作者完成了很多次跳伞，但是由于身体状况，作者不得已放弃了跳伞。
72．细节理解题。根据第一段中“I was one of a selected few who got a chance to attend the US Air Force Academy’s Freefall school, a program that taught mostly Air Force Academy cadets how to jump out of planes. It wasn’t intended to make us operational paratroopers(伞兵), but to teach us about accomplishing tasks in high-stress situations.(我是少数几个有机会进入美国空军学院自由落体学校的人之一，该学校主要教授空军学院学员如何从飞机上跳下。这并不是为了让我们成为可操作的伞兵，而是为了教会我们如何在高度紧张的情况下完成任务。)”可知，作者选择参加美国空军学院自由落体学校的这一项目是为了学会在高压下完成任务。故选D。
73．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“When I returned to Columbus for my college study, I proudly wore my parachutist badge(伞兵徽章). About a month later, I made my first private skydiving and the rest was history.(当我回到哥伦布上大学时，我骄傲地穿上了我的美国伞兵徽章。大约一个月后，我完成了我的第一次私人跳伞，其余的都成了历史。)”，第三段中“Eventually, I had made 10 skydiving, and then it was 20, and I found that I was making jumps at different drop zones.(最终，我做了10次跳伞，然后是20次，我发现我在不同的跳伞区域跳伞。)”和第四段中“I kept jumping during my senior year. The last jump I made, however, was in the fall of 2006 when I was in Cleveland. (我高三的时候一直在跳伞。然而，我最后一次跳伞是在2006年秋天，当时我在克利夫兰。)”可知，作者在第2至4段是在告诉我们他的跳伞经历，故选B。
74．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“When I moved to the DC area, I suffered from herniated disk(椎间盘突出) and I knew I would never jump out of a plane again.(当我搬到华盛顿特区时，我患上了椎间盘突出症，我知道我再也不会从飞机上跳下来了。)”可知，作者患上了椎间盘突出症，不能再跳伞了，即他的身体状况使他放弃了跳伞，故选C。
75．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I met great people along the way and did some pretty crazy jumps. I’ll never forget meeting Adam Abelow, the head of the skydiving club, who gave me a ride to get my first jump, and Jen White, who coached me on many of my jumps. I’ll never forget getting my license and the time when my grandparents came to watch me jump.(我一路上遇到了很多好人，做了一些很疯狂的跳跃。我永远不会忘记跳伞俱乐部的负责人Adam Abelow，他载我去做了我的第一次跳伞，还有Jen White，她在我的许多次跳伞中都是我的教练。我永远不会忘记我拿到驾照的情景，还有我祖父母来看我跳伞的情景。)”可推知，作者在最后一段意在表达感激之情，故选D。