高考英语阅读理解专项训练

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阅读理解
China came in second place overall after losing to the USA 83 -61 in the FIBA Women’s Basketball World Cup final on Saturday in Sydney, Australia. It was like history repeated itself because 28 years ago, in 1994, China finished the World Championship with silver medals in Australia as well. On the way to the top stage, they defeated traditional women’s basketball powerhouses including France and Australia.
Actually, the road to the success was quite tough. On the one hand, Chinese top scorer Li Meng, who suffered from a fever, was absent from the final. Earlier in the group stage, China lost to the United States 77 -63, when Li scored 21 points, more than anyone else on the court. On the other hand, the aggressiveness of competitors produced 13 steals for USA and forced 19 turnovers out of China. Moreover, there was always a defender following Han Xu closely to stand in the passing route between Han and her teammates. It was very difficult for the Chinese guard to pass the ball out against such defense, not to mention to feed Han for an open shot.
Faced with challenges, girls didn’t give up. They worked together to compete against the “powerhouse”. Li Yueru led China with 19 points and 12 rebounds, which made Li the first double-double in a World Cup final since 2013. Meanwhile, Chinese player Wu Tongtong scored 13 points before being helped off the court with a leg injury.
“We tried our best to win today. Though we didn’t make it, we feel that we showed our best and hope to get better results in the future, ”Li told Xinhua.
Saturday’s loss was not the best result for China, but it could be a good lesson for their players, head coach Zheng Wei and every other involved with Chinese basketball development to learn so they can do better in the future.
1．What is the main purpose of Paragraph 2?
A．To introduce the challenges they faced.
B．To introduce how to overcome difficulties.
C．To tell readers how to play basketball.
D．To state how to develop the strategy for the basketball competition.
2．What can we learn about Li Yueru?
A．She scored 21 points in the final.
B．She became the first double-double in1 a World Cup final since 2013.
C．She was absent from the final because of the fever.
D．She was the biggest fan of shooting 3-pointers.
3．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Patience is the mother of good luck.
B．Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm.
C．Continuous efforts - not strength or intelligence - is the key to unlocking our potential.
D．Success is not measured by the position you reach in life but the difficulties you overcome.
4．Where does this text probably come from?
A．An advertisement. B．A news report.
C．A magazine. D．A sports brochure.

What are the things that scare you: snakes, spiders or frightening crawlies? Or maybe you have a fear of heights or visiting the dentist. Although some of us just get scared or a bit nervous about these things, for others it can cause a ridiculous reaction that can’t be controlled - something we call a phobia. It occurs when someone develops an extreme or unrealistic sense of danger about a situation or object.
Sometimes it’s good to be aware of the possible dangers from things. Our brain warns us about the risks that might lie ahead, but then we often assess the risks and overcome them. Clinical psychologist Warren Man told the BBC, “Our fears are hard-wired into our brains - we don’t need to learn to be afraid of animals like snakes or spiders.” But phobias are stronger than just fears. Warren says, “An area called the amygdala in the brain is recognizing a threat and preparing your body for fight or flight.” With a phobia, your breathing gets quicker, your pulse speeds up, you sweat, there’s more glucose (葡萄糖) in your blood, increasing your energy, and your brain is unable to control these reactions.
But where does a phobia come from? Lauren Rosenberg, a fear and phobia expert, says, “Phobias usually are a copy behaviour from a higher authority, like a parent or teacher, or something you have learnt from your own experience, or an injury from a past event that comes back to haunt you. ”
There are many different complex phobias some people suffer from, such as agoraphobia - caused by being away from home for too long, social-phobia-feeling anxious in social situations, and iatrophobia-fear of doctors. But how can they be overcome? Cognitive behavioral therapy is one option, where you gradually get used to whatever you fear. Lauren Rosenburg says she likes to work with people to clear their subconscious memory and help them breathe. But if you do have a phobia, continually trying to avoid what you’re afraid of is likely to make the situation worse, so it’s a good idea to find help to overcome it.
5．Which is true according to Warren’s words?
A．Phobias are stronger than fears.
B．Fear is a hard reaction to something scary.
C．Phobias can cause irrational and uncontrolled reactions.
D．Amygdala plays an crucial role in the process of developing a phobia.
6．According to Lauren Rosenberg, who is most likely to develop a phobia?
A．Tom who has taken in too much glucose.
B．Jackson who saw a movie about harms in the school last week.
C．Mary living with her respectable mother that has a social-phobia.
D．Lily, once bitten by a dog, who still adores dogs.
7．For a person with agoraphobia, which will make him anxious?
A．Visiting a dentist.
B．Studying at a boarding school.
C．Staying in a room without any light.
D．Playing pirate ship with best friends.
8．What is the best way to treat phobias?
A．Avoiding what you are afraid of.
B．Disconnecting from everyone around.
C．Seeking professionals’ assistance.
D．Communicating with people who have similar problems.

We are all aware of the effect greenhouse gas emissions are having on our planet and the efforts needed to tackle climate change. Most of us are doing our bit to minimize our impact on the environment, but despite our overall effort, are we doing enough to achieve net zero by 2050?
Net zero means not increasing the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Many countries are doing their bit by changing how they generate andI use power, thereby cutting carbon dioxide output.
In the UK, the government has been setting out its plans to achieve net zero by 2050. It’s recently announced an end date for the sale of gas boilers, which are used for heating homes. The idea is to replace them with heat pumps. It’s offering homeowners grants of up to £ 5, 000 to get them installed. Another movement in the UK is a big push towards electric vehicles. There will be financial incentives (动机) for car manufacturers, and more charging points are to be installed (安 装) in streets. And there will be a prohibition on the sale of new petrol and diesel cars by 2030.
But not all emissions can be reduced to zero, so the remaining emissions will have to be compensated for, or offset. One way to do this is to plant thousands of trees, which are good at absorbing carbon dioxide. The UK government has pledged to the citizens to plant 30, 000 hectares of trees a year by 2025.
Whether the UK, or anyone else, can reach net zero remains to be seen. And there’s some doubt about how this can be accurately measured anyway. But it’s generally recognized that a global effort is needed to tackle climate change. Therefore, net zero targets only make sense if every other country is moving in the same direction.
9．What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?
A．Net zero means removing the greenhouse gases from the atmosphere thoroughly.
B．British will cease using gas boilers.
C．Every homeowner will receive £ 5, 000 for installing gas boilers.
D．The UK government has persuaded all British to buy electric vehicles.
10．What does the underlined word “pledged” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．guaranteed B．planned C．announced D．started
11．According to the passage, which measure maybe ineffective for achieving Net Zero Targets?
A．Replace gas boilers with heat pumps.
B．Popularize electric vehicles.
C．Plant thousands of trees.
D．Sell new petrol and diesel cars.
12．Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
A．UK — the Pioneer of Net Zero Targets
B．Unavoidable Impact of Climate Change
C．Joint Effort Is Essential to Achieve Net Zero Targets
D．The Ways to Achieve Net Zero Targets

On July 27, 2022, ahead of the PLA’s 95th birthday, Chinese president Xi presented the August 1 Medal to three military service members who have made outstanding contributions. Let’s meet three of them.
Qian Qihu
Qian Qihu, 85, a scientist at the Chinese Academy of Engineering, has made major contributions to building a series of defense facilities located deep inside mountains. Qian described his work as the“Underground Steel Great Wall” that can guarantee the security of China. Even though Qian has retired, he hasn’t stopped working. He actively advises on the construction of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway. “ Though I’m a over 80, I feel that I still have a lot of things to do, ” he said.
Nie Haisheng
In 2021, Nie Haisheng worked as commander of the Shenzhou XII mission, becoming the first member to live and work in China’s Tiangong space station for three months. He won the title of “hero astronaut” after Shenzhou VI mission. With 1, 480 hours of flight time, he became a first- grade pilot and joined the country’s first team of astronauts in 1998. He spent countless hours training hard to prepare to fly to space. He got a doctoral degree in 2021. “You’re never too old to learn, ” the 57-year-old said.
Du Fuguo
On Oct 11, 2018, demining soldier Du Fuguo and his teammates were doing a mine clearance in Yunnan. Suddenly, a grenade(手榴弹) exploded. Du managed to protect his teammates, but he lost his hands and eyes forever. Du was an excellent demining soldier, who volunteered to join the China-Vietnam border mine clearance mission in 2015. He was so talented that he had mastered more than 10 different ways to remove bombs within three months.
13．Which of the following words can best describe Nie according to the passage?
A．Hardworking and strong-willed. B．Professional and creative.
C．Loyal and modest. D．Considerate and outgoing.
14．What can we know about Du Fuguo?
A．Du is a soldier who removed grenades only.
B．Du lost his hands and eyes forever in Vietnam.
C．Du joined the China-Vietnam border mine clearance mission four years ago.
D．Du mastered many ways to remove bombs in a short time.
15．What do the three men have in common?
A．They are all soldiers of the PLA Air Force.
B．They all successfully saved their partners.
C．They all make outstanding contributions in their area.
D．They are all studying for their doctor’s degree.

We all know that it’s good to be kind to others. But what does that mean for us? What acts of kindness will make us happiest and who will benefit the most? A new review of kindness research provides some answers.
Researchers analyzed the results from 126 research articles looking at almost 200, 000 participants from around the world. The studies they chose all had to meet certain criteria, such as including only adults and reporting good statistical data. Some were experiments while others just surveyed people about how kind and happy they were. The studies measured well-being in many ways, including both mental and physical health.
As expected, people who were kind tended to have higher well-being. Although the relationship was not, stronger than it was, lead researcher Bryant Hui was still encouraged by the result. “Although the relationship is weaker, the effect still has a significant impact,” he says.
He and his colleagues considered when kindness might have a bigger impact on our well-being. One thing they found was that people who performed random, informal acts of kindness tended to be happier than people who performed more formal acts of kindness. It’s possible that informal helping may fill our more basic psychological needs for close relationships, which is why it could lead to greater happiness.
The researchers also found that people who were kind tended to have a higher sense of meaning and purpose in life. Perhaps this makes sense, given that being kind involves effort which makes people feel confident about themselves and their abilities. And that provides a sense of meaning.
16．What is the text mainly about?
A．Act of kindness makes us happiest.
B．Being kind makes us healthy and happy.
C．Random acts of kindness are better than formal ones.
D．Doing act of kindness to others improves our abilities.
17．How did the researchers get the finding?
A．By doing surveys. B．By carrying out experiments.
C．By comparing research data. D．By analyzing results of articles.
18．Why does being kind give people a sense of meaning and purpose in life?
A．Because it makes people healthier.
B．Because it boosts close relationships.
C．Because it improves people’s confidence.
D．Because it promotes awareness of responsibility.
19．Where is the text most likely from?
A．A diary. B．A guide book. C．A novel. D．A magazine.
20．What is the author’s attitude towards the research?
A．Objective B．Indifferent. C．Critical D．Negative

When I was a child, I was often asked at school who my role model was, the person that you admire and inspires you. I always mentioned different names: from the celebrity of the moment to my grandfather.
It was always difficult for me to choose a single person as a role model, because I liked different things from different people. Based on the people that I admired and inspired me, I managed to create a custom role model in my mind.
For years there has been a constant struggle to achieve gender equality, and when I decided to study at my university I leaned towards engineering because I wanted a challenge in my life, both intellectually and culturally. Back then, only 10% of the students were women. This certainly did not stop me. On the contrary, it was a determining factor for me to prove myself that I could handle something that was “not expected” for women.
Throughout my studies I realized that there was no difference between me and my teammates; we all had the same possibilities and capabilities. However, my main challenge was determined by culture, as we grew up with certain values and social norms that told us that careers in science or engineering were not for women.
It was complicated and I had to go through uncomfortable situations, but pursuing a technical career brought me many benefits, such as developing systematic thinking. This is a basic tool to create possibilities in the future and achieve a more rational understanding about the economic and social systems in which we live, and it allows you to have the possibility to become the architect of your own life.
When girls decide to pursue a technical career, they not only benefit themselves, but also help break the stereotypes in their environment. They become agents of change capable of modifying existing structures.
It is like sowing seeds for the future. If we want a fairer world where women and men can decide on our future, we have to involve girls starting today, encouraging them to explore technology and science. Sow a seed and in the future it will give you a tree with many fruits. This is not only an individual benefit but a collective one.
21．What did the author manage to do in her childhood?
A．Change her role models all the time.
B．Find the basis for admiring a person.
C．Imagine a particular role model for herself.
D．Treat her grandfather as a famous person.
22．What did the author want to prove by studying engineering?
A．Women have intellectual challenges.
B．Women are different in capabilities.
C．Women achieved gender equality at work.
D．Women are suitable for technical careers.
23．Why does the author give the example of systematic thinking?
A．To stress the benefits of technical careers.
B．To explain its application in architecture.
C．To introduce this basic thinking tool.
D．To show the possibilities it brings in life.
24．What does the author encourage girls to do?
A．Become famous models. B．Explore science and technology.
C．Struggle for gender equality. D．Decide on their own future.

All about the FIFA World Cup: a thrilling festival of football
Get ready for the spectacular sporting event with our fact-packed tournament guide. On 20 November, the FIFA World Cup tournament kicks off in Qatar. Around five billion football fans around the world are expected to watch live on TV as the best men’s teams battle it out for football’s ultimate prize.
Who are some of the star players to watch?
From Son Hueng-min to Gareth Bale, there will be more top talent on show than ever in this tournament. It’s the first time teams can take a squad of 26 players, rather than the usual 23. Sadly, it may be the last World Cup for two of the greatest players in the game: Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo. It’s a chance for some fresh talent to shine, however: look out for younger players such as England’s Jude Bellingham, Germany’s Jamal Musiala and Pedri for Spain.
Which teams will be at the World Cup?
Thirty-two teams will compete for the trophy (奖杯). For the first time ever, Qatar will take part in the tournament. As hosts, they qualified automatically but the other 31 teams had to win a number of qualifying matches. The next World Cup in 2026 will be even bigger — forty-eight teams will be in competition.
Which teams are the favourites to win?
France is the current champion and one of the favourites to win again with a star-studded squad featuring strikers Kylian Mbappe and Karim Benzema. Other European teams hoping to do well include England, Germany, Portugal and Spain. Argentina, Brazil and Senegal are some of the strongest nations outside Europe. Wales is playing in its first World Cup since 1958, but Scotland and Northern Ireland did not qualify.
How does the tournament work?
The 32 teams have been drawn into eight groups of four. The teams in each group play each other once in a mini-league, and the top two from each group progress to the knockout stage. Teams must win that game, then a quarter-final and a semi-final to reach the final on 18 December. As well as the World Cup trophy for the winning team, there are individual trophies for the best player (Golden Ball) and top scorer (Golden Boot). England’s Captain Harry Kane won the Golden Boot in 2018.
What conditions will players face in this World Cup?
Since the first men’s World Cup in 1930, the tournament has been played in June and July. However, Qatar is so hot in the summer that the 2022 competition was moved to November and December, when it’s cooler. It’s still warm, though, and each of the eight stadiums has air-conditioning. It will take the equivalent of 100 bathtubs of water a day just to keep the pitches in the stadiums green.
As well as a brand-new city and airport, seven spectacular new stadiums were built for this World Cup. Look out for the Ahmad bin Ali Stadium, which glows different colours at night; the Al Janoub Stadium, which is designed to look like the sails of a traditional Qatari boat; and a stadium built from 974 recycled shipping containers.
25．Who is likely not to attend the next World Cup in 2026?
A．Lionel Messi B．Gareth Bale C．Son Hueng-min D．Karim Benzema
26．Which of the following is correct according to the passage?
A．Senegal is one of the strongest nations outside Europe.
B．Qatar had to win a number of qualifying matches to be qualified.
C．Golden Boot will be awarded to the best player.
D．48 teams are in Qatar World Cup competition.
27．What are the facilities in this World Cup?
A．A traditional Qatari boat for visitors B．A brand-new airport
C．100 bathtubs for players D．Eight stadiums without air-conditioning

Would you BET on the future of this man? He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune. A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning, and he has often been in prison. Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book.
The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. That former prisoner was Cervantes, and the book was Don Quixote (《堂吉诃德》). And the story poses an interesting question: why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days, while others go to seed long before?
We’ve all known people who run out of steam before they reach life’s halfway mark. I’m not talking about those who fail to get to the top. We can’t all get there. I’m talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.
Most of us, in fact, progressively narrow the variety of our lives. We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it. Nothing surprises us. We lose our sense of wonder. But, if we are willing to learn, the opportunities are everywhere.
The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills. We learn to bear with the things we can’t change. We learn to avoid self-pity. We learn that however much we try to please, some people are never going to love us — an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.
With high motivation and enthusiasm, we can keep on learning. Then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life. However, we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos (自我), whether to loved ones, to fellow humans, to work, or to some moral concept.
Many of us equate (视……等同于) “commitment” with such “caring” occupations as teaching and nursing. But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment. People who work toward such excellence — whether they are driving a truck, or running a store — make the world better just by being the kind of people they are. They’ve learned life’s most valuable lesson.
28．The passage starts with the story of Cervantes to show that ________.
A．loss of freedom stimulates one’s creativity
B．age is not a barrier to achieving one’s goal
C．misery inspires a man to fight against his fate
D．disability cannot stop a man’s pursuit of success
29．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．End one’s struggle for liberty.
B．Waste one’s energy taking risks.
C．Miss the opportunity to succeed.
D．Lose the interest to continue learning.
30．What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 5?
A．A tough man can tolerate suffering.
B．A wise man can live without self-pity.
C．A man should try to satisfy people around him.
D．A man should learn suitable ways to deal with life.
31．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A．To provide guidance on leading a meaningful adult life.
B．To stress the need of shouldering responsibilities at work.
C．To state the importance of generating motivation for learning.
D．To suggest a way of pursuing excellence in our lifelong career.

Columbus College, 241 Queen Elizabeth Drive, Kowloon City
Memo
To: All Staff
From: Jakie Mok, Secretary; Sports Development Committee
Date: May 20, 2022
A week ago, “Sports for Life” program was sent to the parents, requiring them to select a sport they wanted their child to play. Since then, our staff have received lots of calls from parents asking for more information about it. Here is a memo (备忘录) for your reference when you answer the phones.
Sports 1: Basketball
We expect that this will be the most popular of the four sports. Therefore, students should be advised to sign up as soon as possible. Students will take a private bus to and from Kwun Tong Sports Park. To cover the cost of hiring a bus, each student will have to pay $10 each time. There will be four basketball courts available for our use with one teacher watching over each game.
Sports 2: Gym
We will be using St. Peter’s Memorial Park. There are two reasons for choosing this park. First, it is not very busy and crowded before 6:00 pm. Second, it has lots of trees with plenty of shade. Students must bring along two bottles of water to prevent thirst. Three activities, skipping, jogging, outdoor aerobics (有氧运动), all of which are free of charge, will be arranged. And there will be a teacher on duty for each of the activities.
Sports 3: Hiking
Hiking will take place at Kowloon Peak. The activity will start at 2: 30 pm and finish 90 minutes later. Three teachers will accompany the students, and a hiking instructor will accompany each group of 15 hikers. Each instructor will cost $75/hr. Students are advised to bring plenty of water and sunscreen.
Sports 4: Swimming
The Kowloon City Aquatic Centre is a 10-minute walk from our school. Four teachers will go to the pool and conduct the goings-on from the poolside. We will only be able to reserve the pool for one hour (i.e. 2:45 pm to 3:45 pm.) Only students skillful at swimming can take up this activity. The pool will have two lifeguards present. Girls must wear a swimming suit. The cost is $10 per visit.
32．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Students selecting basketball had better sign up early.
B．Students participating in gym should arrive at 6:00 pm.
C．Hiking usually begins at 2:30 pm and lasts 2 hours.
D．Students having swimming suits can take up swimming.
33．It can be concluded that _______.
A．each sport will take only one hour
B．students will be charged for the four sports
C．all the sports will take place at Kowloon Peak
D．teachers will accompany students on each sport
34．The purpose of the memo is to________.
A．attract students’ interest in the program
B．help the staff explain the program to parents
C．require the parents to select a sport for their child
D．remind teachers and lifeguards to be present on time

There are many fascinating aspects of ant life, but none may be a more practical lesson for us than their gift for avoiding traffic jams.
A new research paper published in the journal eLife reveals how ants keep traffic flowing by changing their behavior to meet changing conditions. For their experiments, researchers from the University of Toulouse and the University of Arizona focused on Argentine ants that frequently move from one colony (聚居地) to another depending on the proximity of food sources.
Exploring the Argentine ants’ gift for fast commutes, the researchers built bridges connecting their colonies. The bridges varied in width from a fifth to three-quarters of an inch. The colonies, too, were of different sizes, ranging from 400 to more than 25,00 ants, Essentially, researchers built a new infrastructure (基础设施) system for the ants, connecting their biggest cities to the smallest villages. Then they sat back and monitored the traffic.
To their surprise, even when those narrower bridges reached near capacity, there were no 20-ant pile -ups. Indeed, there was never a hold-up. Traffic remained steady regardless of how overburdened the infrastructure was because ants were able to adjust to the change of road conditions. At some point, when the bridges got really busy, ants moved not so much as individuals but rather like water flowing in an ever widening stream.
“When density on the trail increased, ants seemed to be able to assess crowding locally and adjusted their speed accordingly to avoid any interruption of traffic flow,” the authors note in a news release.“Moreover, ants kept themselves from entering a crowded path and ensured that the capacity of the bridge was never exceeded.”Argentine ants are extremely effective in getting to where they need to be in a hurry.
The lesson for humans? The traffic problem may lie in our inability to adjust our driving habits for the good of the whole.“Traffic jams are everywhere in human society where individuals are pursuing their own personal objectives,” the authors write.“In contrast, ants share a common goal; the survival of the colony, thus they are expected to act cooperatively to optimize (优化) food return.
35．How do the ants keep traffic flowing?
A．By adjusting to the road conditions. B．By monitoring the traffic flow.
C．By communicating with each other. D．By building their own paths.
36．What did ants do when the bridges got very crowded?
A．They scrambled to pass automatically. B．They flowed in the stream constantly.
C．They changed their speed accordingly. D．They moved on individually in a hurry.
37．What does the author expect humans to do in the last paragraph?
A．To raise traffic safety awareness. B．To find solutions to present problems.
C．To give up individuals’ ambitions, D．To act for the good of the whole society.
38．What is the best title for the text?
A．Argentine Ants Move On the Roads B．Explore Interesting Ants’ Gifts
C．Watch Ants Cross the Roads D．Ants Teach Us How to Avoid Traffic Jams

There was a time when the word “surgery” used to scare people, and they would try their best to avoid a surgical procedure. The feeling is understandable, as the idea of a large cut on your body is discomforting in many ways. However, thanks to the advances in medical science, surgical techniques have improved considerably.
Compared with the traditional open surgery, minimally invasive surgery (微创手术)has several benefits to offer. Not only is the procedure quick and less painful, but also ensures rapid recovery. Now, surgical procedures, either big or small, are done within a few minutes to a few hours. The best part about the minimally invasive surgery is the painless procedure. The advanced techniques are helping with quality treatments to patients who have to undergo (进行) surgical procedures.
Unlike the traditional open surgery that requires a large cut, a surgeon makes multiple tiny cuts of less than an inch. For the process, the surgeon uses small surgical instruments, such as a tiny tube with a mini camera at one end. Once the surgeon marks the cuts, he then passes the tiny tube through one of the cuts. The doctor monitors the images taken by the mini camera on the screen and uses them as a reference. These images give the surgeon a clear picture of the area undergoing the surgery. After the surgery, the surgeon cleans the cuts and sometimes places a bandage for additional support.
Minimally invasive surgery has become the first choice of patients with multiple medical conditions. In fact, it would not be wrong to say that these surgeries are now the standard surgical procedures for many routine operations. Whether you have a minor issue or want a surgical intervention for a major health condition, it is the best option.
39．What makes people afraid of surgery?
A．The large cut.
B．The great risk.
C．The high expense.
D．The slow recovery.
40．What can surgeons use as a reference in the surgery?
A．The previous treatment plan.
B．The images by the mini camera.
C．The standard surgical procedures.
D．The advice from other surgeons.
41．Who might benefit most from the minimally invasive surgery?
A．Patients in need of additional support.
B．Patients lack of regular checkups.
C．Patients with several medical conditions.
D．Patients scared of surgical instruments.
42．What is the author's attitude towards minimally invasive surgery?
A．Disapproving.
B．Objective.
C．Doubtful.
D．Supportive.

Michael stands in a circle with the other boys. At the center of it is Coach Daver, a former college wrestler, now wrestling coach. “I honestly believe each kid can win every match,” Coach Dave says. “And I tell them that.”
The mental strength gained from a coach is as important as physical strength. And Michael soaked it up. As a freshman, Michael lost half of his matches, but the next year the practice began to pay off, “It finally just clicks,” Michael says. “You walk onto the mat, and you know you’re going to win. When Coach Dave tells you how you are going to beat an opponent, you just go out and do it.”
At a tournament in Reno, Michael was ranked nationally and faced a wrestler from the Midwest ranked a few spots above him. In the final seconds of the match, ahead by one point, Michael clung to the lead while his opponent clung to his ankle, trying to get a takedown. Michael was hopping his way out of the circle to gain a restart. It’s the easy way out, like a boxer ducking out of the ring to get a breather and preserve a lead.With his back to his opponent, he took one more step. The opponent grabbed the other ankle, and Michael went down, Two points. Match over.
After. match, Dave asked one question, “Are you going to run away from challenges in life or turn and face them?” Michael knew exactly what he’d done wrong-and that it could become a lifelong flaw if he didn’t correct it. All he had to do was turn into his opponent and counterattack. “You’ll beat him next time,” Coach Dave said.
Eventually Michael won the tournament and won a lot of matches that year, but the encouragement from Dave is where he learned the most. “When someone believes in you like that, you know you can do it,” Michael says, “I often hear Coach Dave when I’m in tough situations. ‘No excuses, just do it.’ That encouragement has been my guide.”
43．What does the underlined part “soaked it up” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Got a chance. B．Fully understood it.
C．Ate it up. D．Built it up.
44．What happened to Michael in the tournament in Reno?
A．He escaped from the match. B．He lost the match.
C．He beat his opponent. D．He gave up the match.
45．What did Michael learn from his coach?
A．Believing in yourself. B．Correcting your mistakes.
C．Accepting your weaknesses. D．Taking risks and fall.
46．Which of the following best describes Dave as a coach?
A．Caring. B．Humorous. C．Inspiring. D．Generous.

“I grew garlic for the first time as I didn’t want to throw it away. It grew roots in just seven days. It opened up a new world to me,” said Zhong Liu, a young illustrator living in Shenzhen. On the 5-square-meter balcony (阳台) of Zhong’s apartment, there is a mini-farm with lemons, tomatoes and eggplants.
Zhong’s lifestyle started when residents were required to work from home. Zhong is not alone. An increasing number of urban youth have picked up the hobby of growing vegetables on their balconies as working from home has changed their lives. Zhong has started sharing her journey on social media platforms this year, which has brought her more than 100, 000 followers.
In a chat group consisting of over 100 balcony green thumbs across the country, they share the growth of their vegetables, discussing which plants are more suitable for balcony planting and how to fertilize (施肥) crops. “Balcony gardening really heals the urban youth. We plant and look forward to the harvest, and experience the happiness.” Zhong said.
Chinese city managers are also seeking new methods to rebuild the relationship between urban residents and nature through vegetable gardens. The government of Guangzhou launched a vegetable garden project, providing seeds and farm tools at the minimum price as well as organizing agricultural experts to provide online Q&A for local residents, in an effort to encourage urban youth to get in touch with nature through balcony planting.
In cities, people need to get along with nature. They will be healed during the process of getting close to plants. Parent-child relationships can be strengthened by taking part in the activities together. Community gardening also promotes interpersonal communication, and makes neighborhoods harmonious.
47．Why does the author say Zhong Liu is not alone?
A．She stays at home with her family around.
B．She shares the gardening habit with many.
C．She works from home with her colleagues.
D．She connects with her friends online easily.
48．What does the underlined phrase “green thumbs” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Young gardeners.
B．Agricultural experts.
C．Government officials.
D．Experienced farmers.
49．What is involved in Guangzhou’s vegetable garden project?
A．Providing free gardening tools.
B．Purchasing seeds from local farmers.
C．Inviting experts to share knowledge.
D．Establishing rules on balcony gardens.
50．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．How to Grow Your Own Balcony Garden
B．Balcony Garden: a New Trend for Urban Youth
C．Zhong Liu: How I Adapt to Working from Home
D．Guangzhou Works Hard for a Pleasant Environment

One study found that 20% of its participants resolved to lose weight on January 1. Diets don't work long- term- most people eventually gain back the weight, if not even more-and lower body weight doesn't mean better health.
Changing your diet in the name of losing weight can do you real harm. But that doesn't mean you can't benefit from eating differently. If you're not feeling physically well or your relationship with food feels off, it's not a bad idea to change the way you eat. It's possible to better your weight control by being more mindful about what you eat. Doing so may even lead to changes in your body composition. The key is to correct the idea that losing weight should be your driving goal.
People are more likely to maintain resolutions that involve an addition to their routine, rather than goals that require avoiding something appealing. Instead of resolving to limit treats, set a goal to eat a greater variety of foods. Try adding vegetable to every meal, or eating a piece of fruit for your afternoon snack.
The idea of adding instead of subtracting (减去) can guide you to make meals more nutrient-rich. Instead of giving up chips and cookies, aim to pair them with what benefits your health - slices of orange or a handful of nut. Mix leafy greens into your soup or throw some cabbage into your morning egg.
Besides, tracking each day that you maintain your resolutions can make the goal feel measurable. “Start out small, ”says Vivienne, a psychologist, “Rather than saying 'I will do this every day', say 'I'm going to do it two or three times a week. ”
51．What can be learned about weight from paragraph 2?
A．Losing weight should be a driving goal.
B．Eating differently hardly helps lose weight.
C．Changing diet may benefit weight control.
D．Gaining weight harms body composition.
52．Which is a better way to maintain resolutions?
A．Set an ambitious goal.
B．Gain control over one's desire.
C．Follow a fixed schedule.
D．Add routine items accordingly.
53．Which statement might Vivienne agree with?
A．We should not rush the process.
B．We should make detailed plans.
C．We should track important goals.
D．We should not control diet regularly.
54．What is the text mainly talking about?
A．How to form healthy eating habits.
B．How to make positive life changes.
C．How to lose weight in an effective way.
D．How to improve one's relation with diet.

Scientists who study glacier ice have found viruses nearly 15,000 years old in two ice samples taken from the Tibetan Plateau in China. Most of those viruses, which survived because they had remained frozen, are unlike any viruses that have been cataloged to date. For this study, the scientists created a new method of analyzing microbes and viruses in ice without polluting it.
The researchers analyzed ice cores taken in 2015 from the Guliya ice cap in western China. The cores are collected at high altitudes — the summit of Guliya, where this ice originated, is 22,000 feet above sea level, The ice cores contain layers of ice that accumulate year after year, trapping whatever was in the atmosphere around them at the time each layer froze. Those layers create a timeline of sorts, which scientists have used to understand more about climate change, microbes, viruses and gases throughout history.
When they analyzed the ice, they found genetic codes for 33 viruses. Four of those viruses have already been identified by the scientific community. But at least 28 of them are novel. About half of them seemed to have survived at the time they were frozen. “These viruses have signatures of genes that help them infect cells in cold environments. These are not easy signatures to pull out, and the newly developed method could help us search for these genetic sequences (序列) in other extreme icy environments — Mars, for example, the moon, or closer to home in Earth’s Atacama Desert,” said Matthew Sullivan, co-author of the study.
The study of viruses in glaciers is relatively new but increasingly important. “We know very little about viruses and microbes in these extreme environments, and what is actually there. The documentation and understanding of that is extremely important: How do bacteria and viruses respond to climate change? What happens when we go from an ice age to a warm period like we’re in now?” said Lonnie Thompson, senior author of the study.
55．What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A．Most of the viruses were unknown to humans.
B．15,000 viruses were discovered from glacier ice.
C．Few viruses survived when they were frozen.
D．A new method of analyzing ice was developed.
56．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．A process of ice accumulation. B．An analysis of ice cores.
C．The cause of climate change. D．The history of viruses.
57．What does Matthew Sullivan say about the new method for the study?
A．It fails to help find genetic codes. B．It has been used in the moon.
C．It greatly contributes to virus study. D．It can be used to explore Mars.
58．What can be inferred about the study of viruses in glaciers from Lonnie Thompson’s words?
A．It’s highly questionable. B．It’s still to be improved.
C．It’s little known to humans. D．It’s of practical significance.

Artists with a Green Message
Chris Jordan
Photographic artist Chris Jordan takes pictures of ordinary objects like bottle caps, light bulbs and aluminum cans and turns them into art by digitally rearranging them to construct one central image. However, it’s the tiny pieces that drive home then environmental message. For example, his 2008 work “Plastic Cups” shows 1 million plastic cups, the number used on airline flights in the U. S. every six hours.
Nele Azevedo
Visual artist Nele Azevedo is best known for her “Melting Men” interventions that she stages in cities across the globe. Azevedo carves thousands of small figures for to watch them melt. Her ice Sculptures are meant to question the role of monuments in cities, but Azevedo says she’s glad her art can also “speak of urgent matters that threaten our existence on this planet.”
Agnes Denes
One of the pioneers of environmental art and conceptual art, Agnes Denes is best known for her land art project, “Wheatfield- A Confrontation.” In May 1982, Denes planted a two-acre wheat field in Manhattan on Battery Park Landfill. The land was cleared of rocks and garbage by hand. Denes harvested more than 1,000 pounds of wheat She says her works are “intended to help the environment and benefit future generations with a meaningful legacy.”
John Fekner
John Fekner is known for his street art and the more than 300 conceptual works. Fekner’s art typically consists of words or symbols spray painted on walls, buildings and other structures that highlight social or environmental issues. His stenciled (用模板印的) message, “Wheels Over Indian Trails, “was painted on the Pulaski Bridge Queens Midtown Tunnel in 1979. It remained there for 11 years until Earth Day 1990，when Fekner painted over it.
59．What kind of art is Chris Jordan known for?
A．Photographic art. B．Visual art.
C．Conceptual art. D．Street art.
60．Which works probably reflects the effect of global warmth on our existence?
A．Plastic Cups. B．Melting Men.
C．Wheatfield-A Confrontation. D．Wheels Over Indian Trails.
61．Who grew wheat in a landfill?
A．Chris Jordan. B．Nele Azevedo.
C．Agnes Denes. D．John Fekner.

Attention is focused on mental health on R U OK? Day, September 13th. It's important to settle mental health issues, not just in September, but each and every day. If you feel hopeless or you need to check your brain in a “mind gym”, pick up one of those books.
The Courage To Be Disliked             Price: $ 14. 99
Using the theories of philosopher Alfred Adler, The Courage To Be Disliked creates conversations between a fictional philosopher and a young man. The conversations cover many broad, interesting and sometimes touching topics. It’s for those seeking answers and quiet self-reflection.
The Gift Of Silence                           Price: $ 12. 00
It’s a practical guide to overcoming stress of everyday life. It gives you a little piece of wisdom, or some tools to help you switch off during moments of stress. Perfect for a lunchtime break in the park. If you are one of those who wake at 4 am with a mind full of worries, this book is for you!
The Anxiety Book                           Price: $10. 58
It’s not a self-help book. It’s more the stories and thoughts of an anxiety sufferer to which people could relate on many levels. It helps people recognize when anxiety appears, and assists people to deal with it. A must-read for anyone who suffers from anxiety, worry and panic attack.
Get Yourself Together                   Price: $ 13. 50
There are some great tips, from dealing with money problems to managing social relationships and even as far as never losing house keys again! If you are feeling the pressure of everyday life and starting to feel a little stressed, it is the book for you. Readers all found it useful!
Hopefully, these books for a healthy mind can make your days easier and your nights more peaceful.
62．Which book might interest Alfred Adler’s fans?
A．The Courage To Be Disliked. B．The Gift Of Silence.
C．The Anxiety Book. D．Get Yourself Together.
63．How much should an anxiety sufferer pay for the book he might need?
A．$14. 99. B．$12. 00. C．$10. 58. D．$13. 50.
64．Which column of a magazine might this text be taken from?
A．Society. B．Leisure. C．Literature. D．Health.

Space exploration, investigation, by means of crewed and uncrewed spacecraft, of the reaches of the universe beyond Earth’s atmosphere and the use of the information so gained to increase knowledge of the cosmos and benefit humanity.
Humans have always looked at the heavens and wondered about the nature of the objects seen in the night sky. With the development of rockets and the advances in electronics and other technologies in the 20th century, it became possible to send machines and animals and then people above Earth’s atmosphere into outer space. Well before technology made these achievements possible, however, space exploration had already captured the minds of many people, not only aircraft pilots and scientists but also writers and artists. The strong hold that space travel has always had on the imagination may well explain why professional astronauts and laypeople alike consent at their great peril, in the words of Tom Wolfe in The Right Stuff (1979), to sit “on top of an enormous Roman candle, such as a Redstone, Atlas, Titan or Saturn rocket, and wait for someone to light the fuse.” It perhaps also explains why space exploration has been a common and enduring theme in literature and art. As centuries of speculative fiction in books and more recently in films make clear,“one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind” was taken by the human spirit many times and in many ways before Neil Armstrong stamped humankind’s first footprint on the Moon.
Achieving spaceflight enabled humans to begin to explore the solar system and the rest of the universe, to understand the many objects and phenomena that are better observed from a space perspective, and to use for human to benefit the resources and attributes of the space environment. All of these activities—discovery, scientific understanding, and the application of that understanding to serve human purposes—are elements of space exploration.
65．What is the function of the first paragraph?
A．Identification.
B．Demonstration.
C．Clarification.
D．Definition.
66．Which of the following has not been sent into space?
A．Machines.
B．People.
C．Animals.
D．War.
67．How did people get to space before real space exploration?
A．By using their imagination.
B．By reading fictional books.
C．By visiting space museums.
D．By using their telescopes.
68．What is the author’s attitude towards the space activities?
A．Negative B．Beneficial C．Harmful D．Superb

A couple had a son eleven years after they married. They were a loving couple and the boy was the apple of their eye. When the boy was around four years old, one day the father was very tired after work so he asked his wife to pick up their son. The mother, who was very busy in the kitchen, totally forgot about it.
Later the boy lost his way on the street. When the son was found missing, the mother hurried to look for him, but she didn’t find him. The mother felt very sad and didn’t know how to face her husband.
When the father went to the police station after hearing that the son was missing, he looked at his wife and said just four words. What do you think the four words were? The husband just said “I love you, darling.”
The son was missing. If he had picked him up earlier, this would not have happened. There is no point in blaming anyone. His wife had also lost her only child. What his wife needed at that moment was comfort and understanding from her husband. That is what the husband gave his wife. Several weeks later, with the help of the police, the couple finally found their lost son. The family’s relationship became stronger over that time.
Sometimes we spend lots of time asking who is to blame. We miss many chances to give each other support and let each other feel the warmth of human relationships. Get rid of all your unwillingness to forgive, selfishness, and fears and you will find the world is much more wonderful.
69．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．The boy looks like an apple.
B．The boy is as pretty as an apple.
C．The boy always has a sweet smile.
D．The boy is loved more than anyone else.
70．Why didn’t the father pick the boy up?
A．He was very lazy. B．He forgot to do so.
C．He was too tired to do so. D．He thought the mother had done that.
71．What do you think of the husband?
A．Warm-hearted. B．Careful.
C．Hard-working. D．Broad-minded.
72．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Learn to forgive others. B．Love is the most important.
C．Everyone can make mistakes. D．Be careful in everything you do.

Last September an American started a trip through Southwest China on a standard bike she had bought at a local shop. In three months, Jennifer Holstein cycled 2,500 kilometers through three provinces with just two small bags.
Living in Beijing, her life was already great. But Holstein felt the urge to travel the world and look for adventure. It was mid-August of 2021 that the idea came to her to travel China by bicycle. At that time, Holstein had never cycled for more than 20 kilometers around her local city of Beijing.
Holstein shared an experience from the beginning of her trip when she found herself stuck in a tunnel (隧道) with a flat tire. It was dark and hot, and she was so scared because she had never changed a tire before. Suddenly, a group of cyclists old enough to be her grandparents came and rescued her.
In addition to receiving the kindness of people across China, Holstein also experienced several unique cultural experiences by attending three local weddings. She spoke about one wedding in detail, “I was in the middle of a small village in Sichuan province, and I was taken into a local Tibetan family’s home and they invited me to take part in a wedding. They gave me a dress and even did my makeup. I never thought I would ever have the chance to take part in a Tibetan wedding.”
According to Holstein, “Many people want to travel the world and take huge risks, but never do. Don’t just live your life hoping your wildest dreams will become a reality someday. Try first and the rest will work itself out.” In addition to biking for her own passion and curiosity, Holstein also linked her ride to raise 22,000 yuan for the United Foundation for China’s Health.
73．Why did Jennifer Holstein decide to travel by bicycle?
A．Her life in Beijing was dull.
B．Her friends encouraged her to go.
C．She was pushed by an inner desire.
D．She was an experienced bike traveler.
74．How did the cyclists treat Jennifer Holstein in the tunnel?
A．They called an old man to help her.
B．They helped her fix the tire problem.
C．They ignored her and moved forward.
D．They thought themselves too old to help her.
75．What can be inferred from Jennifer Holstein’s words in paragraph 4?
A．She was fond of attending Tibetan weddings.
B．She was a bit annoyed at the wedding’s details.
C．She was forced to take part in the local wedding.
D．She was grateful for such an unexpected opportunity.
76．What’s the main idea of the text?
A．Lending a helping hand to the needy.
B．Enjoying the pleasure of cycle journey.
C．Discovering the unknown on a bicycle.
D．Having a unique cultural experience in China.

参考答案：
1．A
2．B
3．D
4．B

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍的是周六，在澳大利亚悉尼举行的国际篮联女篮世界杯决赛中，中国队以83 -61负于美国队，排名第二。
1．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Actually, the road to the success was quite tough.(事实上，通往成功的道路是相当艰难的。) ”以及“On the one hand, Chinese top scorer Li Meng, who suffered from a fever, was absent from the final. Earlier in the group stage, China lost to the United States 77 -63, when Li scored 21 points, more than anyone else on the court. On the other hand, the aggressiveness of competitors produced 13 steals for USA and forced 19 turnovers out of China. Moreover, there was always a defender following Han Xu closely to stand in the passing route between Han and her teammates.(一方面，中国的头号射手李孟因为发烧而缺席了决赛。在此前的小组赛中，中国队以77 -63不敌美国队，当时李娜得到21分，比场上任何人都多。另一方面，竞争对手的侵略性为美国队创造了13次抢断，迫使中国队出现19次失误。而且，在韩旭和队友之间的传球路线上，总有一名防守队员紧紧跟着韩旭。)”可知，本段讲述的是中国女排在通往成功的道路上所面临的的各种困难。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Li Yueru led China with 19 points and 12 rebounds, which made Li the first double-double in a World Cup final since 2013.(李月汝以19分和12个篮板领衔中国队，这使李成为自2013年以来世界杯决赛中的第一个两双。)”可知，李成为自2013年以来世界杯决赛中的第一个两双。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Faced with challenges, girls didn’t give up. They worked together to compete against the “powerhouse”. (面对挑战，女孩们没有放弃。他们一起与“强国”竞争。)”以及倒数第二段中“We tried our best to win today. Though we didn’t make it, we feel that we showed our best and hope to get better results in the future.( 我们今天尽了最大努力去赢。虽然我们没有成功，但我们觉得我们已经尽了最大的努力，希望在未来取得更好的成绩。)”以及最后一段中“Saturday’s loss was not the best result for China, but it could be a good lesson for their players.(周六的失利对中国队来说不是最好的结果，但对他们的球员来说可能是一个很好的教训。)”可知，周六的失利对中国队来说不是最好的结果，但对他们的球员来说可能是一个很好的教训，虽然中国女篮负于美国队，排名第二，但是她们取得的成绩不是以名次来衡量的，而是用克服的困难来衡量的。故选D。
4．推理判断题。通读全文，文章介绍的是周六，在澳大利亚悉尼举行的国际篮联女篮世界杯决赛中，中国队以83 -61负于美国队，排名第二。文章介绍的是该新闻事实，故可以推断文章出自于一篇新闻报道。故选B。
5．C
6．D
7．B
8．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了什么是恐惧症，同时文章指出，针对恐惧症，不断地试图逃避所害怕的东西可能会让情况变得更糟，所以寻求帮助来克服它是解决问题的关键。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“With a phobia, your breathing gets quicker, your pulse speeds up, you sweat, there’s more glucose (葡萄糖) in your blood, increasing your energy, and your brain is unable to control these reactions.(患有恐惧症时，你的呼吸加快，脉搏加快，出汗，血液中葡萄糖含量增加，你的能量增加，而你的大脑无法控制这些反应。)”可知，患有恐惧症时，你会呼吸加快，脉搏加快，出汗，血液中葡萄糖含量增加，你的能量增加，而你的大脑无法控制这些反应，即恐惧症会导致非理性和不受控制的反应。故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Phobias usually are a copy behaviour from a higher authority, like a parent or teacher, or something you have learnt from your own experience, or an injury from a past event that comes back to haunt you. (恐惧症通常是模仿更高权威的行为，比如父母或老师，或者你从自己的经历中学到的东西，或者过去事件中受到的伤害，这些伤害会回过头来困扰你。)”可知，过去事件中受到的伤害，这些伤害会回过头来困扰你，由此造成恐惧症。D选项“Lily, once bitten by a dog, who still adores dogs.(莉莉，曾经被狗咬过，现在还很喜欢狗。)”可知，莉莉在过去的事件中被狗咬过，受到伤害，故有可能会得恐惧症。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第一段中“There are many different complex phobias some people suffer from, such as agoraphobia - caused by being away from home for too long, social-phobia-feeling anxious in social situations, and iatrophobia-fear of doctors. (有些人患有许多不同的复杂恐惧症，比如广场恐惧症——由于长时间离开家而引起的，社交恐惧症——在社交场合感到焦虑，以及医生恐惧症——害怕医生。)”可知，agoraphobia该种类别的恐惧症是由于长时间离开家而引起的。B选项“Studying at a boarding school.(在寄宿学校学习。)”可知，在寄宿制学校学习则会长时间离家，容易形成agoraphobia这种类别的恐惧症。故选B。
8．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“But if you do have a phobia, continually trying to avoid what you’re afraid of is likely to make the situation worse, so it’s a good idea to find help to overcome it.(但如果你确实有恐惧症，不断地试图逃避你所害怕的东西可能会让情况变得更糟，所以寻求帮助来克服它是个好主意。)”可知，解决恐惧症最好的方法不是逃避，而是寻求帮助来克服它。C选项“Seeking professionals’ assistance.(寻求专业的帮助)”与文中的find help相呼应。故选C。
9．B
10．A
11．D
12．C

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，文章介绍了英国政府为了实现“净零排放”而制定了一些计划。但是对于该目标的实现，全球共同努力才是关键。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段中“It’s recently announced an end date for the sale of gas boilers, which are used for heating homes.(最近，政府宣布了用于家庭供暖的燃气锅炉的销售终止日期)”可知，英国将停止使用燃气锅炉。故选B。
10．词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的内容“to plant 30, 000 hectares of trees a year by 2025(到2025年，每年要种植3万公顷的树木)”可知，英国政府为了降低减排，将会种植成千上万棵树，由此英国政府向民众承诺每年要种植3万公顷的树木。故划线词与guarantee为近义词，意为“保证，承诺”。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“ And there will be a prohibition on the sale of new petrol and diesel cars by 2030.(到2030年，英国将禁止销售新的汽油和柴油汽车)”可知，为了实现净零目标英国将禁止销售新的汽油和柴油汽车，由此推知，与之相反的措施：销售新的汽油和柴油汽车，可能会让实现净零目标无效。故选D。
12．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章介绍了英国政府为了实现“净零排放”而制定了一些计划，结合最后一段中“ But it’s generally recognized that a global effort is needed to tackle climate change. Therefore, net zero targets only make sense if every other country is moving in the same direction.(但人们普遍认为，应对气候变化需要全球努力。因此，净零目标只有在其他所有国家都朝着同一个方向前进的情况下才有意义)”可知，真正实现这一计划，需要全球的共同努力。故C选项“Joint Effort Is Essential to Achieve Net Zero Targets(共同努力是实现净零目标的关键)”是文章最佳标题。故选C。
13．A
14．D
15．C

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了“八一勋章”的三位获得者。
13．细节理解题。根据Nie Haisheng 部分中“He spent countless hours training hard to prepare to fly to space. (他花了无数小时刻苦训练，准备飞向太空。)”可知，他是工作勤劳的；同时根据该部分中“He got a doctoral degree in 2021. “You’re never too old to learn, ” the 57-year-old said.(他于2021年获得博士学位。“活到老，学到老，”57岁的他说。)”可知，不论年龄多大，他坚持学习，可以体现出他是意志坚定的。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据Du Fuguo 部分中“He was so talented that he had mastered more than 10 different ways to remove bombs within three months.(他才华横溢，在三个月内就掌握了10多种不同的拆除炸弹的方法。)”可知，他才华横溢，在很短的时间内就掌握了10多种拆除炸弹的方法。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据第一段中“the August 1 Medal to three military service members who have made outstanding contributions. (八·一勋章授予三名做出突出贡献的军人。)”可知，文中这三位“八一勋章”获得者的共同点是，他们都是在各自领域做出突出贡献的军人。故选C。
16．B
17．D
18．C
19．D
20．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究发现，对别人友善让人更健康，更快乐。
16．主旨大意题。根据全文内容以及第三段中“As expected, people who were kind tended to have higher well-being.”（正如预期的那样，善良的人往往有更高的幸福感）和最后一段中“The researchers also found that people who were kind tended to have a higher sense of meaning and purpose in life.”（研究人员还发现，善良的人往往对生活的意义和目标有更高的认识）可知，本文通过实验研究发现，对别人友善让人更健康，更快乐。故选B项。
17．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Researchers analyzed the results from 126 research articles looking at almost 200, 000 participants from around the world.”（研究人员分析了126篇研究文章的结果，这些文章调查了来自世界各地的近20万参与者）可知，实验者通过分析之前研究文章的结果而得出结论的。故选D项。
18．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The researchers also found that people who were kind tended to have a higher sense of meaning and purpose in life. Perhaps this makes sense, given that being kind involves effort which makes people feel confident about themselves and their abilities.”（研究人员还发现，善良的人往往对生活的意义和目标有更高的认识。也许这是有道理的，因为善良需要努力，这会让人们对自己和自己的能力感到自信）可知，善良能提升人们的自信，从而给人们一种生活的意义和目的感。故选C项。
19．推理判断题。通读全文以及根据第一段中“What acts of kindness will make us happiest and who will benefit the most? A new review of kindness research provides some answers.”（什么样的善举会让我们最快乐，谁会受益最大？一项关于善良研究的新综述提供了一些答案）可知，本文说明了通过实验研究发现，对别人友善让人更健康，更快乐。因此，本文最有可能出现在杂志上。故选D项。
20．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Although the relationship was not, stronger than it was, lead researcher Bryant Hui was still encouraged by the result.”（虽然这种关系并没有比原来更强，但首席研究员布莱恩特·惠(Bryant Hui)仍然受到了结果的鼓舞），第四段中“One thing they found was that people who performed random, informal acts of kindness tended to be happier than people who performed more formal acts of kindness.”（他们发现一件事是，那些随意的、非正式的善意行为的人往往比那些正式的善意行为更快乐）以及最后一段中“Perhaps this makes sense, given that being kind involves effort which makes people feel confident about themselves and their abilities.”（也许这是有道理的，因为善良需要努力，这会让人们对自己和自己的能力感到自信）可知，作者引用了别人观点和研究结果，没有发表自己的看法。由此推知，作者对研究的态度是客观的。故选A项。
21．C
22．D
23．A
24．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过自己的经历来说明，我们必须从今天开始让女孩参与进来，鼓励她们探索技术和科学。这不仅是个人利益，也是集体利益。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段“When I was a child, I was often asked at school who my role model was, the person that you admire and inspires you.(当我还是个孩子的时候，在学校里经常有人问我，我的榜样是谁，你崇拜的人，激励你的人)”以及第二段中“It was always difficult for me to choose a single person as a role model, because I liked different things from different people.   Based on the people that I admired and inspired me, I managed to create a custom role model in my mind.(对我来说，选择一个人作为榜样总是很困难的，因为我喜欢不同人的不同东西。以我崇拜和激励我的人为基础，我在脑海中创造了一个自定义的榜样)”可知，作者在童年时设法想象自己有一个特别的榜样。故选C项。
22．推理判断题。根据第三段中“For years there has been a constant struggle to achieve gender equality, and when I decided to study at my university I leaned towards engineering because I wanted a challenge in my life, both intellectually and culturally.   Back then, only 10% of the students were women.   This certainly did not stop me.   On the contrary, it was a determining factor for me to prove myself that I could handle something that was “not expected” for women.(多年来，人们一直在为实现性别平等而斗争，当我决定在大学学习时，我倾向于选择工程学，因为我想在生活中面临挑战，无论是在智力上还是在文化上。当时，只有10%的学生是女性。这当然没有阻止我。相反，这是一个决定性因素，让我证明自己，我可以处理一些女性“不期望”的事情)”可知，当时，工程学的学生中只有10%的学生是女性。可推知，作者通过学习工程学想要证明可以处理一些女性“不期望”的事情，也即是女性也适合技术职业。故选D项。

23．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“It was complicated and I had to go through uncomfortable situations, but pursuing a technical career brought me many benefits, such as developing systematic thinking.(这很复杂，我不得不经历一些不舒服的情况，但从事技术职业给我带来了很多好处，比如培养了系统思维)”可知，作者举系统思维的例子是为了强调技术职业的好处，故选A项。
24．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“When girls decide to pursue a technical career, they not only benefit themselves, but also help break the stereotypes in their environment.   They become agents of change capable of modifying existing structures.(当女孩决定从事技术职业时，她们不仅受益于自己，也有助于打破她们所处环境中的刻板印象。他们成为变革的推动者，能够改变现有的结构)”以及最后一段中“It is like sowing seeds for the future.   If we want a fairer world where women and men can decide on our future, we have to involve girls starting today, encouraging them to explore technology and science.   Sow a seed and in the future it will give you a tree with many fruits.   This is not only an individual benefit but a collective one.(这就像为未来播下种子。如果我们想要一个更公平的世界，让女性和男性可以决定我们的未来，我们必须从今天开始让女孩参与进来，鼓励她们探索技术和科学。播下一颗种子，将来它会给你一棵结满果实的树。这不仅是个人利益，也是集体利益)”可知，作者从个人和社会两方面说明女性探索科学和技术的好处，所以是鼓励女孩们去探索科学和技术。故选B项。
25．A
26．A
27．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了2022年卡塔尔世界杯的相关信息。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段“Sadly, it may be the last World Cup for two of the greatest players in the game: Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo.(遗憾的是，这可能是足球比赛中两位最伟大的球员：莱昂内尔·梅西和克里斯蒂亚诺·罗纳尔多的最后一次世界杯)”可知，2022年世界杯可能是莱昂内尔·梅西和克里斯蒂亚诺·罗纳尔多的最后一次世界杯，他们可能不会参加2026年的下一届世界杯。故选A项。
26．细节理解题。根据第四段“Argentina, Brazil and Senegal are some of the strongest nations outside Europe.(阿根廷、巴西和塞内加尔是欧洲以外实力最强的国家之一)”可知，塞内加尔是欧洲以外最强大的国家之一。故选A项。
27．细节理解题。根据最后一段“As well as a brand-new city and airport, seven spectacular new stadiums were built for this World Cup.(除了一座崭新的城市和机场，七座壮观的新体育场也为本届世界杯而建造)”可知，本届世界杯的设施包括一个全新的机场。故选B项。
28．B
29．D
30．D
31．A

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章以名著《堂吉诃德》的作者Cervantes的事迹为例，讲述了想要成功，就要不断地学习，这样人生才有意义。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段“He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune. A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning, and he has often been in prison. Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book.(他今年53岁，他成年后的大部分时间都在与债务和不幸作斗争。战争中受伤使他的左手失去了功能，他经常被关进监狱。在不知道什么动机的驱使下，他决定写一本书)”可知，Cervantes已经53岁，不再年轻，前半生一直生活在不幸中，但即便这样，他还是决定写一本书；根据第二段“The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years.(事实证明，这本书已经吸引了全世界350多年)”可知，他最终实现了目标，并取得了巨大成功。由此推知，文章用Cervantes的故事作为开始，是为了告诉读者年龄不是实现目标的障碍。故选B。
29．词句猜测题。根据划线词组下文“I’m not talking about those who fail to get to the top. We can’t all get there. I’m talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.(我说的不是那些没能到达巅峰的人，我们不可能都到达巅峰，我说的是那些停止学习和成长的人，因为随着岁月的流逝，他们已经采取了固定的态度和观点)”可知，作者谈论的是那些还没走到人生的一半，就失去了继续学习的兴趣的人。由此推知，划线词组run out of steam意思是“失去继续学习的兴趣”。故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据第五段“We learn to bear with the things we can’t change. We learn to avoid self-pity. We learn that however much we try to please, some people are never going to love us — an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.(我们学会了忍受我们无法改变的事情。我们学会避免自怜。我们知道，无论我们多么努力地取悦别人，有些人永远不会爱我们—— 这个想法一开始很让人苦恼，但最终会让人释怀)”可推知，作者是想告诉我们，要学会用恰当的方式来对待生活。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据第六段“With high motivation and enthusiasm, we can keep on learning. Then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life. However, we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos (自我),(有了高度的动力和热情，我们可以继续学习，然后我们就会知道在我们的生活中有意义是多么的重要；然而，只有当我们对一些比我们自己的小我更大的东西做出承诺时，我们才能实现生活中的意义)”并结合全文可知，作者的目的是为了给人们指导人们如何过上有意义的成年生活。故选A。
32．A
33．D
34．B

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇备忘录，向员工介绍了机构推出的运动项目的相关情况。
32．细节理解题。根据Sports 1: Basketball部分第一二句“We expect that this will be the most popular of the four sports. Therefore, students should be advised to sign up as soon as possible.(我们预计这将是四项运动中最受欢迎的。因此，应建议学生尽快报名)”可知，想要选择篮球的学生需要尽快报名。故选A项。
33．推理判断题。根据Sports 1: Basketball部分最后一句话“There will be four basketball courts available for our use with one teacher watching over each game.(将有四个篮球场供我们使用，每场比赛都有一名老师观看)”；Sports 2: Gym部分最后一句“And there will be a teacher on duty for each of the activities.(每项活动都会有一名老师值班)”；Sports 3: Hiking部分第二句“Three teachers will accompany the students, and a hiking instructor will accompany each group of 15 hikers.(三名老师将陪同学生，一名徒步教练将陪同每组15名徒步旅行者)”；以及Sports 4: Swimming部分第二句“Four teachers will go to the pool and conduct the goings-on from the poolside.(四位老师将去游泳池，在池边指挥比赛)”可知，这些运动都有老师陪伴。故选D项。
34．推理判断题。根据本备忘录的发送对象“To: All Staff(给全体员工)”和第一段最后一句“Here is a memo (备忘录) for your reference when you answer the phones.(这是一份备忘录，供你接电话时参考)”可知，本文是写给全体员工的，帮助员工在接到电话时能更好地回答客户对这个项目提出的疑问。故选B项。
35．A
36．C
37．D
38．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。蚂蚁的生活有很多令人着迷的方面，但对我们来说，没有什么比它们避免交通堵塞的天赋更实用的了。蚂蚁的这个天赋值得人类学习。
35．细节理解题。根据第二段“A new research paper published in the journal eLife reveals how ants keep traffic flowing by changing their behavior to meet changing conditions(一篇发表在《eLife》杂志上的新研究论文揭示了蚂蚁如何通过改变行为来满足不断变化的条件来保持交通顺畅)” 可知，蚂蚁是通过改变行为来适应不断变化的路面状况来保持交通流畅的。故选A。
36．细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“When density on the trail increased, ants seemed to be able to assess crowding locally and adjusted their speed accordingly to avoid any interruption of traffic flow(当步道上的密度增加时，蚂蚁似乎能够评估当地的拥挤程度，并相应地调整速度，以避免任何交通流量的中断)”可知，当路面变得拥挤时，蚂蚁通过调整速度来避免交通中断。故选C。
37．推理判断题。文章最后一段“Traffic jams are everywhere in human society where individuals are pursuing their own personal objectives, the authors write. In contrast, ants share a common goal; the survival of the colony, thus they are expected to act cooperatively to optimize (优化) food return(交通堵塞在人类社会中无处不在，每个人都在追求自己的个人目标，作者写道。相比之下，蚂蚁有一个共同的目标；群落的生存，因此他们期望合作行动优化的食物回报)”推知，作者希望人类向蚂蚁学习，把人类社会整体利益作为一个共同的目标。故选D。
38．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“There are many fascinating aspects of ant life, but none may be a more practical lesson for us than their gift for avoiding traffic jams(蚂蚁的生活有许多迷人的方面，但对我们来说，没有什么比它们避开交通堵塞的天赋更实用了)”以及最后一段“Traffic jams are everywhere in human society where individuals are pursuing their own personal objectives,” the authors write.“In contrast, ants share a common goal; the survival of the colony, thus they are expected to act cooperatively to optimize (优化) food return(交通堵塞在人类社会中无处不在，每个人都在追求自己的个人目标，作者写道。相比之下，蚂蚁有一个共同的目标；群落的生存，因此他们期望合作行动优化的食物回报)”可知，蚂蚁拥有避免交通堵塞的天赋值得人类学习和思索，蚂蚁有一个共同的目标：群体的生存。选项D：Ants Teach Us How to Avoid Traffic Jams(蚂蚁教我们如何避免交通堵塞)符合本文内容大意，适合本文标题。故选D。
39．A
40．B
41．C
42．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了微创手术的优点，让它成为外科手术最好的选择。
39．细节理解题。根据第一段中“There was a time when the word “surgery” used to scare people, and they would try their best to avoid a surgical procedure. The feeling is understandable, as the idea of a large cut on your body is discomforting in many ways.”（曾经有一段时间，“手术”这个词用来吓唬人，他们会尽最大努力避免手术。这种感觉是可以理解的，因为身体上的大伤口在很多方面都让人不舒服。）可知，大的伤口让人们害怕手术。故选A项。
40．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The doctor monitors the images taken by the mini camera on the screen and uses them as a reference.”（医生在屏幕上监控微型摄像机拍摄的图像，并将其作为参考。）可知，外科医生在手术中可以使用微型相机拍摄的图像作为参考。故选B项。
41．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Minimally invasive surgery has become the first choice of patients with multiple medical conditions.”（微创手术已成为多种疾病患者的首选。）可知，患有多种疾病的病人可能从微创手术中受益最大。故选C项。
42．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Minimally invasive surgery has become the first choice of patients with multiple medical conditions. In fact, it would not be wrong to say that these surgeries are now the standard surgical procedures for many routine operations. Whether you have a minor issue or want a surgical intervention for a major health condition, it is the best option.”（微创手术已成为多种疾病患者的首选。事实上，说这些手术现在是许多常规手术的标准手术程序并没有错。无论你是有小问题，还是想要手术治疗重大健康问题，这都是最好的选择。）故可推知，作者对微创手术的态度是支持的。故选D项。
43．B
44．B
45．A
46．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了教练戴夫相信每个孩子都能赢得比赛，他的鼓励给迈克尔以及孩子们巨大的力量。迈克尔体会到从教练那里获得的精神力量与体力一样重要。
43．词句猜测题。根据第二段“The mental strength gained from a coach is as important as physical strength. And Michael soaked it up. As a freshman, Michael lost half of his matches, but the next year the practice began to pay off,(从教练那里获得的精神力量和体力一样重要。迈克尔soaked it up。大一的时候，迈克尔输掉了一半的比赛，但第二年，训练开始有了回报)”可知，迈克尔充分理解了从教练那里获得的精神力量与体力一样重要，所以第二年，他有了胜利的信念，训练有了回报，推测划线短语表示“完全理解”，与fully understood it同义。故选B项。
44．细节理解题。根据第三段“In the final seconds of the match, ahead by one point, Michael clung to the lead while his opponent clung to his ankle, trying to get a takedown.(在比赛的最后几秒，迈克尔领先一分，紧紧抓住领先优势，而对手紧紧抓住他的脚踝，试图扳倒比分)”以及“With his back to his opponent, he took one more step. The opponent grabbed the other ankle, and Michael went down, Two points. Match over.(背对着对手，他又迈出了一步。对手抓住另一只脚踝，迈克尔摔倒了，两分。比赛结束)”可知，在迈克尔领先一分的情况下，他被对手抓住了脚踝，输了两分，比赛结束，所以迈克尔输掉了比赛。故选B项。
45．细节理解题。根据最后一段““When someone believes in you like that, you know you can do it,” Michael says, “I often hear Coach Dave when I’m in tough situations. ‘No excuses, just do it.’ That encouragement has been my guide.”(“当有人这样相信你时，你知道你可以做到，”迈克尔说，“我经常听到戴夫教练在我处境艰难时说的话。‘没有借口，就去做。’这种鼓励一直是我的指南。”)”可知，迈克尔从教练那里学会了要相信自己。故选A项。
46．推理判断题。根据第一段““I honestly believe each kid can win every match,” Coach Dave says. “And I tell them that.”(戴夫教练说：“我真的相信每个孩子都能赢得每一场比赛。”。“我告诉他们这些。”)”以及倒数第二段““You’ll beat him next time,” Coach Dave said.(“下次你会打败他的，”戴夫教练说)”可知，教练总是在鼓励孩子们，鼓励迈克尔，使得取得成功，由此可推知，戴夫教练是一位鼓舞人心的教练。故选C项。
47．D
48．A
49．C
50．B

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。通过讲述阳台园艺来说明园艺在促进人与自然以及邻里之间关系的作用。
47．细节理解题。由第二段“Zhong is not alone. (钟并不孤独)”及“Zhong has started sharing her journey on social media platforms this year, which has brought her more than 100, 000 followers. (钟今年开始在社交媒体平台上分享她的旅程，这为她带来了超过100,000名粉丝。)”可知她不孤独是因为她在线分享她的旅程给她的好友，即她很容易在网上与朋友联系。故选D。
48．词句猜测题。由第三段“In a chat group consisting of over 100 balcony green thumbs across the country, they share the growth of their vegetables, discussing which plants are more suitable for balcony planting and how to fertilize (施肥) crops.(在由全国100多个阳台green thumbs组成的聊天群中，他们分享了蔬菜的生长情况，讨论了哪些植物更适合阳台种植，以及如何给作物施肥。)”及“Balcony gardening really heals the urban youth. We plant and look forward to the harvest, and experience the happiness. (阳台园艺真的治愈了城市青年。我们种下，期待收获，体验幸福。)”可知，这个聊天群的群友主要是青年谈及如何更好地进行阳台园艺，说明他们都是年轻的园艺者，可得出green thumbs是指年轻的园艺者，故选A。
49．细节理解题。由第四段“The government of Guangzhou launched a vegetable garden project, providing seeds and farm tools at the minimum price as well as organizing agricultural experts to provide online Q&A for local residents, in an effort to encourage urban youth to get in touch with nature through balcony planting. (广州市政府启动了一个菜园项目，以最低价格提供种子和农具，并组织农业专家为当地居民提供在线问答，鼓励城市青年通过阳台种植接触大自然。)”可知，这个项目提供的服务有低价种子和农具以及农业专家在线问答，包含邀请专家分享知识，故选C。
50．主旨大意题。文章第二段中的“An increasing number of urban youth have picked up the hobby of growing vegetables on their balconies as working from home has changed their lives. (随着在家工作改变了他们的生活，越来越多的城市青年开始喜欢在阳台上种菜。)”，第四段“encourage urban youth to get in touch with nature through balcony planting. (鼓励城市青年通过阳台种植与大自然接触)”和最后一段中“In cities, people need to get along with nature. (在城市中，人们需要与自然相处。)”可知，阳台园艺是促进城市青年与自然的接触的新趋势，B项“阳台花园：城市青年的新趋势”符合文意。故选B。
51．C
52．D
53．A
54．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何更加有效地减肥。
51．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It's possible to better your weight control by being more mindful about what you eat.”（你可以通过更加注意自己的饮食来更好地控制体重。）可知，从第二段可以了解到改变饮食习惯有助于控制体重。故选C项。
52．细节理解题。根据第三段“People are more likely to maintain resolutions that involve an addition to their routine, rather than goals that require avoiding something appealing. Instead of resolving to limit treats, set a goal to eat a greater variety of foods. Try adding vegetable to every meal, or eating a piece of fruit for your afternoon snack.”（人们更有可能坚持那些在日常生活中增加内容的决心，而不是那些需要避免吸引人的事情的目标。与其下决心限制食物，不如设定一个目标，吃更多种类的食物。试着每餐都加些蔬菜，或者下午点心吃一片水果。）可知，相应地添加惯例项目物品是保持决心更好的方法。故选D项。
53．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Besides, tracking each day that you maintain your resolutions can make the goal feel measurable. “Start out small, ”says Vivienne, a psychologist, “Rather than saying 'I will do this every day', say 'I'm going to do it two or three times a week. ””（此外，记录你坚持决心的每一天，可以让你觉得目标是可衡量的。心理学家薇薇恩(Vivienne)说：“从小事开始。不要说‘我要每天做这件事’，而是说‘我要每周做两到三次’。”）故可推知，Vivienne会同意我们不应该操之过急这种说法。故选A项。
54．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“One study found that 20% of its participants resolved to lose weight on January 1. Diets don't work long- term- most people eventually gain back the weight, if not even more-and lower body weight doesn't mean better health.”（一项研究发现，20%的参与者决心在1月1日减肥。节食并不能长期有效——大多数人最终体重会反弹，甚至更多——体重较轻并不意味着更健康。）和第二段中“Changing your diet in the name of losing weight can do you real harm. But that doesn't mean you can't benefit from eating differently. If you're not feeling physically well or your relationship with food feels off, it's not a bad idea to change the way you eat. It's possible to better your weight control by being more mindful about what you eat.”（以减肥的名义改变你的饮食会对你造成真正的伤害。但这并不意味着你不能从不同的饮食方式中受益。如果你觉得身体不舒服，或者你和食物的关系不太好，改变一下你的饮食方式并不是一个坏主意。你可以通过更加注意自己的饮食来更好地控制体重。）可知，文章主要讲的是如何更加有效地减肥。故选C项。
55．D
56．B
57．C
58．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究冰川冰的科学家在中国青藏高原采集的两个冰样本中发现了近15000年前的病毒，并指出了对这些病毒中的研究与理解的重要意义。
55．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“For this study, the scientists created a new method of analyzing microbes and viruses in ice without polluting it.(为了这项研究，科学家们创造了一种新的方法来分析冰中的微生物和病毒，而不会污染冰)”可知，一种分析冰的新方法被提出。故选D。
56．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The researchers analyzed ice cores taken in 2015 from the Guliya ice cap in western China. The cores are collected at high altitudes — the summit of Guliya, where this ice originated, is 22,000 feet above sea level, The ice cores contain layers of ice that accumulate year after year, trapping whatever was in the atmosphere around them at the time each layer froze. Those layers create a timeline of sorts, which scientists have used to understand more about climate change, microbes, viruses and gases throughout history.(研究人员分析了2015年从中国西部古里亚冰帽采集的冰芯。这些冰芯是在海拔22000英尺的高海拔地区采集的。这些冰芯中有一层又一层的冰，这些冰年复一年地堆积在一起，在每一层结冰的时候，都会将周围大气中的任何物质捕获。这些层创造了一个时间线，科学家们用它来了解整个历史上关于气候变化、微生物、病毒和气体的更多信息)”可知，第二段主要是关于冰芯的分析。故选B。
57．推理判断题。根据第三段中的““These viruses have signatures of genes that help them infect cells in cold environments. These are not easy signatures to pull out, and the newly developed method could help us search for these genetic sequences (序列) in other extreme icy environments — Mars, for example, the moon, or closer to home in Earth’s Atacama Desert,” said Matthew Sullivan, co-author of the study.(“这些病毒具有帮助它们在寒冷环境中感染细胞的基因特征。这些都是不容易提取的特征，而新开发的方法可以帮助我们在其他极端冰冻环境中搜索这些基因序列——例如火星、月球，或者地球上更接近地球的阿塔卡马沙漠，”这项研究的合著者Matthew Sullivan说)”可推知，Matthew Sullivan认为这种新方法对病毒研究有很大的贡献。故选C。
58．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““We know very little about viruses and microbes in these extreme environments, and what is actually there. The documentation and understanding of that is extremely important: How do bacteria and viruses respond to climate change? What happens when we go from an ice age to a warm period like we’re in now?” said Lonnie Thompson, senior author of the study. (“我们对这些极端环境中的病毒和微生物知之甚少，也不知道那里到底有什么。记录和理解这一点非常重要：细菌和病毒是如何应对气候变化的？当我们从冰河时代进入像现在这样的温暖时期会发生什么？”该研究的资深作者Lonnie Thompson说)”可推知，Lonnie Thompson认为对冰川中病毒的研究仍有待改进。故选B。
59．A
60．B
61．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四位和环保相关的艺术家。
59．细节理解题。根据Chris Jordan中的“Photographic artist Chris Jordan takes pictures of ordinary objects like bottle caps, light bulbs and aluminum cans and turns them into art by digitally rearranging them to construct one central image.(摄影艺术家克里斯·乔丹拍摄瓶盖、灯泡和铝罐等普通物体的照片，并通过数字重新排列它们，形成一个中心图像，将它们变成艺术。)”可知Chris Jordan因摄影艺术出名，故选A。
60．推理判断题。根据Nele Azevedo中的“Visual artist Nele Azevedo is best known for her “Melting Men” interventions that she stages in cities across the globe. Azevedo carves thousands of small figures for to watch them melt. Her ice Sculptures are meant to question the role of monuments in cities, but Azevedo says she’s glad her art can also “speak of urgent matters that threaten our existence on this planet.”(视觉艺术家奈莉·阿泽维多最著名的作品是她在全球各地城市举办的“融化的人”干预活动。阿泽维多雕刻了数千个小雕像，只为观看它们融化。她的冰雕旨在质疑城市中纪念碑的作用，但阿泽维多说，她很高兴她的艺术也可以“谈论威胁我们在这个星球上生存的紧迫问题”。)”可推断Azevedo的作品“Melting Men”反映了全球变暖对我们生存的影响。故选B。
61．细节理解题。根据Agnes Denes中的“In May 1982, Denes planted a two-acre wheat field in Manhattan on Battery Park Landfill.(1982年5月，丹尼斯在曼哈顿的炮台公园垃圾填埋场种下了一块两英亩的麦田。)”可知Agnes Denes在垃圾填埋场种小麦，故选C。
62．A
63．C
64．D

【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四本关于心理健康的书，让人们能够解决心理健康问题。
62．细节理解题。根据The Courage To Be Disliked中“Using the theories of philosopher Alfred Adler, The Courage To Be Disliked creates conversations between a fictional philosopher and a young man. The conversations cover many broad, interesting and sometimes touching topics. It's for those seeking answers and quiet self-reflection.”（The Courage To Be Disliked运用了哲学家阿尔弗雷德·阿德勒的理论，虚构了一个哲学家和一个年轻人之间的对话。对话涵盖了许多广泛、有趣、有时甚至触动人心的话题。这是为那些寻求答案和安静的自我反思的人准备的。）可知，The Courage To Be Disliked这本书会让阿尔弗雷德·阿德勒的粉丝感兴趣。故选A项。
63．细节理解题。根据The Anxiety Book中“Price: $10. 58”以及“It’s not a self-help book. It’s more the stories and thoughts of an anxiety sufferer to which people could relate on many levels. It helps people recognize when anxiety appears, and assists people to deal with it. A must-read for anyone who suffers from anxiety, worry and panic attack.”（这不是一本自助书。它更多的是一个焦虑患者的故事和想法，人们可以在很多层面上联系到它。它帮助人们意识到焦虑何时出现，并帮助人们处理它。这是任何患有焦虑、担忧和恐慌症的人的必读之书。）可知，焦虑症患者应该为他可能需要的书付$10. 58。故选C项。
64．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Attention is focused on mental health on R U OK?   Day, September 13th. It's important to settle mental health issues, not just in September, but each and every day.   If you feel hopeless or you need to check your brain in a “mind gym”, pick up one of those books.”（注意力集中在心理健康上你可以吗？ 9月13日。解决心理健康问题很重要，不仅仅是在9月份，而是每一天。如果你感到绝望，或者你需要去“心灵健身房”检查你的大脑，拿起其中的一本书。）和最后一段“Hopefully, these books for a healthy mind can make your days easier and your nights more peaceful.”（希望这些健康心灵的书籍能让你的白天更轻松，夜晚更平静。）可知，文章主要介绍了四本关于心理健康的书，让人们能够解决心理健康问题。故可推知，这篇文章可能来自杂志的健康一栏。故选D项。
65．C
66．D
67．B
68．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类对太空的探索。
65．推理判断题。根据第一段“Space exploration, investigation, by means of crewed and uncrewed spacecraft, of the reaches of the universe beyond Earth’s atmosphere and the use of the information so gained to increase knowledge of the cosmos and benefit humanity.(利用载人和无人飞船对地球大气层以外的宇宙范围进行空间探索和调查，并利用由此获得的信息增进对宇宙的认识，造福人类。)”及全文可推断，第一段作者阐明了人类对太空探索的事实。故选C。
66．细节理解题。根据第二段“With the development of rockets and the advances in electronics and other technologies in the 20th century, it became possible to send machines and animals and then people above Earth’s atmosphere into outer space.(随着20世纪火箭的发展、电子技术和其他技术的进步，把机器和动物，然后把人送到地球大气层外的太空成为可能。)”可知，送到太空的有机器、动物和人。故选D。
67．细节理解题。根据第二段“Well before technology made these achievements possible, however, space exploration had already captured the minds of many people, not only aircraft pilots and scientists but also writers and artists. The strong hold that space travel has always had on the imagination may well explain why professional astronauts and laypeople alike consent at their great peril, in the words of Tom Wolfe in The Right Stuff (1979), to sit “on top of an enormous Roman candle, such as a Redstone, Atlas, Titan or Saturn rocket, and wait for someone to light the fuse.” It perhaps also explains why space exploration has been a common and enduring theme in literature and art. (然而，早在科技使这些成就成为可能之前，太空探索就已经吸引了许多人的注意力，不仅是飞行员和科学家，而且还有作家和艺术家。太空旅行一直以来都是人们想象中的一部分，这很好地解释了为什么专业宇航员和门外行人都同意冒着巨大的危险，用汤姆·沃尔夫在《太空英雄》(1979)中的话说，“坐在一个巨大的罗马蜡烛上，比如红石、阿特拉斯、泰坦或土星火箭，等待有人点燃引信。”这也许也解释了为什么太空探索一直是文学和艺术中一个普遍而持久的主题。)”可知，在真正的太空探索之前，人类是通过读虚构的书到达太空的。故选B。
68．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Achieving spaceflight enabled humans to begin to explore the solar system and the rest of the universe, to understand the many objects and phenomena that are better observed from a space perspective, and to use for human to benefit the resources and attributes of the space environment. All of these activities—discovery, scientific understanding, and the application of that understanding to serve human purposes—are elements of space exploration. (航天的实现使人类开始探索太阳系和宇宙的其他部分，更好地了解从空间角度观察到的许多物体和现象，并利用空间环境的资源和属性为人类造福。所有这些活动——发现、科学认识以及应用这些认识为人类服务——都是太空探索的要素。)”可推断，作者认为太空活动是有益的。故选B。
69．D
70．C
71．D
72．A

【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了妻子不慎丢失了孩子，丈夫并没有责备妻子而是原谅了她，最后在警察的帮助下找回了孩子，并且夫妻相互原谅故事，故事告诉我们只有愿意去原谅，变得无私，家才会成为一个美好的地方。
69．词句猜测题。根据第一段划线部分的前半句“They were a loving couple”（他们是一对恩爱的夫妻）和并列连词and并可知，前后句是并列关系，句意应该相似，推断出除了夫妻相亲相爱，他们也宠爱自己的孩子，固定搭配the apple of one’s eyes意为“掌上明珠”，而D项意为“男孩受宠爱的程度超过其他人”，符合题意。故选D项。
70．细节理解题。根据第一段“one day the father was very tired after work so he asked his wife to pick up their son.”（一天，父亲在工作后太累了所以他就让妻子去接孩子。）可知父亲没去接孩子的原因是因为他太累了。故选C项。
71．推理判断题。根据第三段“The husband just said ”I love you, darling.”（丈夫只是说“亲爱的，我爱你。”）可知丈夫并没有因为妻子把孩子弄丢了而责骂她，推断出丈夫是一个心胸宽广的人，D项“心胸宽广的”符合题意。故选D项。
72．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Get rid of all your unwillingness to forgive, selfishness, and fears and you will find the world is much more wonderful.”（摆脱你对于原谅，自私和恐惧的不情愿，你将发现世界比之前更美好。）可知，家庭的和谐需要的是学会原谅之前的错误和自私，推断出大家需要彼此原谅。故选A项。
73．C
74．B
75．D
76．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一名美国女性孤身一人在中国西南地区骑行2500公里时得到的帮助和沿途的文化体验。
73．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Living in Beijing, her life was already great. But Holstein felt the urge to travel the world and look for adventure. It was mid-August of 2021 that the idea came to her to travel China by bicycle. ”（住在北京，她的生活已经很好了。但Jennifer Holstein感到了周游世界寻找冒险的冲动。2021年8月中旬，她萌生了骑自行车去中国旅行的想法。）可知，本在北京生活舒适的Jennifer Holstein在2021年8月中旬突然产生了独自骑行中国探索未知挑战自我的想法，故选C。
74．细节理解题。根据文章第三段末句“Holstein shared an experience from the beginning of her trip when she found herself stuck in a tunnel (隧道) with a flat tire. It was dark and hot, and she was so scared because she had never changed a tire before. Suddenly, a group of cyclists old enough to be her grandparents came and rescued her.”（Holstein分享了她旅行开始时的一段经历，那时她发现轮胎爆了，自己被困在一个隧道里。天又黑又热，她很害怕，因为她从来没有换过轮胎。突然，一群年纪足够大的自行车手来救了她。）可知，在Jennifer Holstein自行车突然爆胎困在隧道里之后，一群大爷骑行队刚好路过，帮她解决了换胎问题，故选B。
75．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Holstein also experienced several unique cultural experiences by attending three local weddings. She spoke about one wedding in detail, “I was in the middle of a small village in Sichuan province, and I was taken into a local Tibetan family’s home and they invited me to take part in a wedding. They gave me a dress and even did my makeup. I never thought I would ever have the chance to take part in a Tibetan wedding.”（通过参加三场当地的婚礼，Holstein还体验到了几种独特的文化体验。她详细地谈到了一场婚礼，“我当时在四川省的一个小村庄里，我被带到当地一个藏族家庭，他们邀请我参加一场婚礼。他们给了我一条裙子，还帮我化了妆。我从没想过我会有机会参加一场西藏婚礼。”）可知，Jennifer Holstein讲述了她骑经四川一个村庄时被邀请参加一个藏族婚礼的具体细节可知，当地藏民家庭细致地为她做了参加婚礼的相关准备，她利用这个难得的机会体验了当地独特的文化和习俗，她很感激，故选D。
76．主旨大意题。通读全文，本文讲述了一名决定挑战自我和探索未知的美国女性在中国西南地区独自骑行2500公里时所得到的热情帮助和沿途独特的文化体验，选项C “Discover the unknown on a bicycle (骑自行车探索未知。)”通过提炼文章关键词的方式最好地概括了文章主旨，故选C。