2022-2023学年福建省福州市名校高一下学期期中考试英语试卷含答案

这是一份2022-2023学年福建省福州市名校高一下学期期中考试英语试卷含答案，共24页。试卷主要包含了5 分满分 37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
福州市名校2022-2023学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷
第一部分：听力（略）
第二部分阅读理解共两节 20 题每题 2.5 分满分 37.5 分第一节（共 4 小题；每小题 2.5 分， 满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Even if you're in the market for a new smartphone，your older one needn't go to landfill（垃圾场）.
Is your older smartphone or tablet now lacking the ability to meet your daily demands？If so，don't throw away just yet—it could still easeful for jobs that require a little less processing power.
Smartphones and tablets can enjoy a second life as a universal remote control for smart devices and their various apps around the home. You can also use them to play music and video from streaming services，to cast to compatible devices，or as a home server.
Why not attach an old iPad to the wall to use as a digital calendar or family planner？，Or
save a huge amount of money on baby monitors by fixing a phone or tablet with a monitoring app above the bassinet（婴儿摇篮）instead？
If you can't repurpose your old smartphone， recycle it instead.Smartphones are full of
recyclable materials including rare and valuable metals such as gold， silver ， platinum and copper— 99%of these can be reused if you recycle your phone correctly.They may end up in new tech products or enjoy a new life as something entirely different.
For example，the plastic in mobile phone casing can be processed into pellets（小球）and used for products such as.pallets（托盘）.Not only does this mean producing less plastic，but it cuts down on the energy needed to make new plastics.
Some people are understandably unwilling to recycle their phones because they worry about losing their personal data，or that it'll end up in the wrong hands.But，by following some simple steps、you can wipe your data before you recycle it.
21. Your older smartphone or tablet can be reused for many jobs except .
A.working as a digital calendar
B.monitoring babies
C.processing complex data
D.playing streaming video
22. How can you recycle your older smartphone？
A. Reuse the metals in it to develop new products.
B.Fix it with a monitoring app.
C.Break it down with certain chemicals.
D.Transform it to a new one.
23. What may the passage talk about next？
A. Why people are unwilling to recycle their phones.
B. Measures to recycle your older smartphone.
C.Importance of protecting your personal data.
D.Give suggestions to remove your data on the phone.
B
"Sunshine might be healthier than most people think，outweighing the risk of skin cancer"， British doctors suggested last week.The four researchers at Bristol University were accused of weakening years of campaigning to warn people of the dangers of too much sun.Experts agree exposure to the sun's ultraviolet rays increases the risk of skin cancer and accelerates the signs of aging.But in the British Medical Journal the Bristol team led by Andrew Ness wrote， "There is evidence that the potential benefits of exposure to sunlight may outweigh the widely publicized negative effects on the incidence of skin cancer."
Vitamin D，made in the body in reaction to sunlight，prevented rickets （软骨病） in children and was associated with a protective effect against heart disease.
Sunshine was also useful for treating certain skin conditions and there was also the "feel good effect of lying or sitting in the sun".The researchers said it was too early to advise people to spend more time in the sun，but suggested the basis of the current advice to cover up should be reviewed.
"Perhaps，while we await the conclusions of such formal analyses，those of us who enjoy spending time in the sun can rest assured that the chance that we will be one of the people dying from the sun small." they added.
Their article was strongly criticized by health campaigners who claimed it was unbalanced and not backed by scientific evidence.Britain's Health Education Authority said skin cancer was the most common form of cancer in the country， with more than 50 ， 000 new cases diagnosed each year and more than 2 ， 000 people dying from the disease.It said treatment almost always required surgery and almost 50 percent of cases were fatal.The authority's skin cancer campaign manager Christopher New said ， "We are very disappointed with this controversial article.It doesn't have enough supporting evidence and runs the risk undoing many years of "good health education"".
24. What can we learn about the four researchers in the first paragraph？
A. They were accused of warning people of the danger of too much sun.
B. They agreed exposure to the sun's ultraviolet rays accelerated people's aging.
C. They publicized the negative effect of the sun on the incidence of skin cancer.
D. They believed being exposed to sunlight might be beneficial to people's health. 25.What will the Bristol team support？
A. Children should cover up in the sunlight.
B. Sunshine helps to treat some skin conditions.
C. Those enjoying the sun are free of skin cancer.
D. People should currently spend more time in the sun.
26.What does the "good health education" in the last paragraph refer to？
A．Warning people of the danger of too much sunlight.
B．Informing people of the benefits of exposure to sunlight.
C．Convincing people of the effect of sun on skin conditions.
D．Reminding people of the good feeling of lying or sitting in the sun.
27.What is the main idea of this passage？
A. More people are dying from skin cancer.
B. Sunshine does more harm than good to skin.
C.Sunshine can prevent heart disease in children.
D．A study found sunshine has lots of benefits.
C
Do you get your best ideas when you are bored，or when you are out doing new things？ What should we look for when we want to be more creative？Boredom（枯燥）and stimulus（刺激物）may be opposites，but studies into creativity suggest that actually we might need both.
Writing for BBC Culture，Clair Thorp looks at the role that boredom plays in the creative process.Many writers and artists credit being bored with helping them have their best ideas — JK Rowling came up with Harry Potter while on a long train journey.Thorp tells us how some researchers believe that boredom drives our brains to find something to do — leading to creative ideas.So， maybe we should take the advice of the musician Quest love and learn to ignore the distractions that we can find on our phones.
However，before we all start planning how to bore ourselves into creativity，Sandi Mann， an academic and author，warns that too much boredom can take away the energy we need for creativity.Many experts talk about the importance of finding new experiences in order to be more creative.Actor and writer Kayode Ewumi recommends getting on a random bus and seeing where you end up or learning a new musical instrument as ways to avoid writer's block.Professor Gerard Puccio，a professor of creativity studies，believes that having to look at new things，or old things in a different light，can force us to make unusual connections and come up with innovative solutions.
So perhaps what we need is a balance enough stimulus to make us look at things in different ways ，and enough boredom to give us the breathing space to work through these thoughts.

28. Which statement will Questlove agree with？
A. Musicians tend to feel bored with their careers.
B.Online information is the source of inspiration.
C.New experiences invite more different ideas.
D.Boredom can promote creative ideas.
29. According to Sandi Mann，what could be the problem with having too much boredom？
A. Not having enough energy to be creative.
B. Failing to gain inspiration from others.
C. Being stuck.in old things.
D.Losing.interest in creative work.
30. Which might be the best way to become more creative？
A. Thinking independently all the time.
B. Making use of materials at hand.
C.Balancing boredom and new experiences.
D.Looking for stimulus here and there.
31. How does the author explain the point in the text？
A. By making comparisons.
B.By quoting famous people's views.
C. 'By conducting a study.
D. By relating to different cultures.
D
We've known for years that plants can see，hear，smell and communicate with chemicals．Now，reported New Scientist，they have been recorded making sounds when stressed．
In a yet﹣to﹣be﹣published study，Itzhak Khait and his team at Tel Aviv University，in Israel，found that tomato and tobacco plants can make ultrasonic（超声的）noises．The plants "cry out" due to lack of water，or when their stems（茎）are cut．It's just too high﹣pitched（音调高的）for humans to hear．
Microphones placed 10 centimeters away from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic range of 20 to 100 kilohertz（千赫兹）．Human hearing usually ranges from 20 hertz to 20 kilohertz． "These findings can alter the way we think about the plant kingdom， "they wrote．
On average， "thirsty" tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour，while tobacco plants made 11．
When plant stems were cut，tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour，and tobacco plants 15．Unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour，on average．Perhaps most interestingly ， different types of stress led to different sounds ． The researchers trained a machine﹣learning model to separate the plants' sounds from those of the wind，rain and other noises of the greenhouse．In most cases，it correctly identified whether the stress was caused by dryness or a cut，based on a sound's intensity and frequency．Water﹣ hungry tobacco appears to make louder sounds than cut tobacco，for example．Although Khait and his colleagues only looked at tomato and tobacco plants，they think other plants also make sounds when stressed．
If farmers could hear these sounds，said the team，they could give water to the plants that need it most． As climate change causes more droughts， they said this would be important information for farmers． "The sounds that drought﹣stressed plants make could be used in precision agriculture（精准农业）， " said Anne Visscher at the Royal Botanic Gardens，Kew， in the UK．
Khait's report also suggests that insects and mammals can hear the sounds up to 5 meters away and respond．For example，a moth（蛾子）may decide not to lay eggs on a water﹣ stressed plant．Edward Farmer，at the University of Lausanne，Switzerland，is doubtful．He said that the idea of moths listening to plants is "a little too speculative"．
If plants are screaming for fear of their survival ， should we be thankful we can't hear them？
32. What did Khait and his team find from their research？
A. Plants made low﹣pitched sounds when in danger．
B. Plants were able to produce sounds in response to stresses．
C. Plants picked up a wider range of sounds when stressed．
D. Plants made ultrasonic noises to communicate with each other．
33. How did tomato and tobacco plants react to different stresses according to the text？
A．A plant reacted to different stresses with the same sound．
B. Cut tomato plants produced more sounds per hour than water﹣hungry ones．
C. Cut tobacco plants seemed to make weaker sounds than drought﹣stressed ones．
D. Tobacco plants might make louder sounds than tomato plants when short of water．
34.What's the main idea of Paragraph 6？
A．The potential applications of the research．
B．Challenges facing farmers in the future．
C．Farmers' contributions to the research．
D．What the future agriculture will be like．
35.The underlined word "speculative" in the second ﹣ to ﹣ last paragraph has the closest meaning to" "．
A. practical
B. unsuspected
C．unsupported
D．complicated
第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Nowadays，are you sitting more and more？Take a moment to think about your sitting habits.You're probably sitting while reading this. （36） Besides，many people still lie on the sofa swiping their phones instead of doing exercise after work.That's undoubtedly a lot of sitting.The fact is that the amount of time spent sitting has increased over time. （37）
People know sitting too much is unsuitable，and most of us naturally feel a little guilty after a long﹣time TV watching.But what problems gradually exist when we seat ourselves for nearly eight hours per day？A study on nearly 8000 adults suggests that there's a direct relationship between the time spent sitting and our risk of early death from any cause.
（38） "Sit less，move more" is what the Heart Foundation encourages us to do.
（39） It is like telling people to just "exercise" without telling them how. Exercise guidelines are always more practical. For example，the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends adults do exercise for two hours and 30 minutes every week，plus muscle strengthening exercise two or more days a week. We need similar guidelines for sitting.
（40） One of them is from Diaz's research team. "It would probably be like this： for every 30 continuous minutes of siting， stand up and move or walk for five minutes at a quick pace，" Diaz，the lead researcher，said，adding that the study has put us a step closer to the satisfying guidelines. But more researches are needed to confirm their approaches.
A. Now it's time to get up and move around.
B. It is quite usual for you to remain seated in a business meeting.
C. As the total sitting time increases，so does the danger of early death.
D. But the function of this rule is just too simple and abstract to benefit us a lot.
E. The experts suggest that more exercise should be done to reduce sitting time.
F. It is reported that many people have spent more than 6 hours sitting or lying.
G. Various specific and detailed guidelines have been made to inspire people to reduce sitting time.
第三部分词汇和语法知识共三节，共 50 题，每题 1 分满分 15 分第一节完形填空共 15 题每题 1 分满分 15 分阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I asked my mom for piano lessons in 2010，we were in the fallout of the recession（经济衰退）.She said a polite"No".
That didn't stop me.I googled the（41） for a keyboard，drew the keys on a piece of paper and（42） it on my desk.I would click notes on an online（43） and " play " them back on my paper one — keeping the
（44） they made on the computer in my head.Once my mom saw that I was（45） ，she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons.
I still remember the first one.I was（46） by how real the sound of the piano was.I （47） my grade one test after eight lessons.But when I started secondary school，we couldn't（48） lessons again.I passed grade five，practicing only on my piece of paper. When I was about 13，my mom said she had a（49） for me；it was an electronic keyboard，bought with（50） borrowed money.It was the first time I'd played for her. Later I found the Purcell School for young musicians.The tryouts （ 考 核 检 查 ） were（51） . Some of the questions（52） an assessment of the composer or when the music was written.I felt stressed out.To my amazement I was offered a（ 53 ） .At Purcell，I saved enough to buy my first piano.
When I left Purcell ， I was awarded the senior academic music prize.I am now at the Guildhall School in London，one of the world's leading music schools.I feel proud：it's been 10 years（54） I drew my paper piano.I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano：what we call （55） practice.The paper piano helped solve my curiosity about how music works and what forms the masterpieces.

（41）A.measurements B.tunes C.prices D.scales
（42）A.folded（折叠） B.piled（堆） C.wrapped（包裹） D.stuck
（43） A.screen B.course C.keyboard D.website
（44） A.voice B.sound C.whisper D.record
（45） A.nervous B.disappointed C.satisfied D.serious
（46） A.amused B.frightened C.struck D.accessed
（47） A.ran into B.got across C.passed by D.went through
（48） A.afford B.perform C.postpone（推迟） D.participate
（49） A.secret B.task C.question D.surprise
（50） A.little B.less C.much D.more
（51）A.easy B.tough C.enjoyable D.sacred
（52） A.answered B.wrote C.involved（牵涉） D.collected
（53） A.role B.prize C.place D.refund
（54） A.after B.since C.until D.before
（55） A.mental B.enough C.private D.fancy
第二节：选择适当单词或词组，并根据需要改变形式填空，使语法正确句意合理。（其中有两个是多余的）共两部分. （8 分）
establish；evident；inspire；attack；recover；
approach；define；locate；remind；generous；





（56）The picture of the whole class shot in Yongtai keeps us of the days students spent with their instructor during Military Training.
（57）As you can see，much （ do） to protect the wildlife now and things are getting better for national animal reserves.
（58）He donated all his money to the charity，and we were amazed at his .
（59）With summer ，it is becoming hotter and hotter.So many students start to wear summer clothes.
（60）The solutions to little problems in daily lives may be for great inventions.
（61）Everything is starting to improve and the economy is showing signs of .
（62）Each country has its own of the term " human rights ".
（63）He hated maths at school and everyone knew that.
track down；belong to；be concerned about；make a proposal；
adapt to；account for；be particular about；go through；be located






（64）The fun time that the children should be returned to them.
（65）If you the English Midterm Examination，spending at least one hour in reviewing it will greatly reduce your stress.
（66）He last week that we each made a donation for Fuzhou's cultural heritage.
（67）How do these species new environments remains a mystery.
（68）In modern human，the brain 2%﹣3% of total body weight.
（69）The block in the center of town.
（70） The police finally managed the prisoner who had escaped from the prison.
第三节语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
David was upset by the plastic going into the oceans.To help solve the problem，he had（71） creative idea﹣ to create plastic like money， which he calls the "Plastic Bank". The goal of Plastic Bank is to use plastic to help people solve the problems （ 72 ） （ gradual）.The Plastic Bank adds a value（73） plastic waste by paying people to recycle it.
The program began in 2015 in Haiti，a poor island nation with many problems of waste plastic.The Plastic Bank has opened 30"markets"in Haiti.At the Plastic Bank markets，people can exchange the plastic they've collected for（74） they need.The Plastic Bank markets sell lots of things for local people's（75） （ convenient）.The stores also allow plastic collectors to use the money they earn to pay（76） health care or school.To make sure that the plastic is recycled，the Plastic Bank works with partners，（ 77 ） agree to use the plastic that is collected.When customers buy these products，which are labeled（贴标签）"Social Plastic"，they know that they are both helping people in other parts of the world（78） keeping plastic out of the oceans.So far，the Plastic Bank（79） （ keep） about 7 million pounds of plastic out of the oceans.It makes a great（80） （ contribute） to the ocean world.
The government has awarded ﹩5 million to three different local nonprofit organizations.The money is planned （81） （give）over a four﹣year period and is aimed at helping approximately 1.000 homeless people in this area.
One organization，（82） （ base） in Wood bridge，is expected（83） （receive）﹩1.5 million.The head of the organization says that they will focus their resources on（84） （ educate） the homeless." We will probably build another school- home with this money，" he said."A school﹣ home is exactly what it（85） （sound）like.It is a school and a home.We provide accommodation and teach them how（86） （ be） gardeners，painters，carpenters，bricklayers，electricians，and air﹣conditioning repairmen.
"You wouldn't believe the success that we have had.In fact，a couple of weeks ago，our office air﹣ conditioning（87） （ go） out.My secretary called a repairman.To our surprise，the repairman turned out
（88） （ be） one of our first homeless students.He now（89） （ own） half of this city's air﹣ conditioning repairing business，plus two houses，two cars and a boat!He has a dozen employees.He lives better than I am.So it's not surprising that we have our air﹣conditioning fixed without（90） （ charge）.I think I might sign up for the air﹣conditioning class myself in this school﹣home next year."
第四部分：课文背诵背诵：请按照课文将以下句子填完整
91．（2 分）Economic development is necessary if we want to improve society.
when the old must give way to the new （新旧更替的时代已经到来），and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past.
92．（2 分）Only when we （只有学会与大自然和谐相处） can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
93．（2 分）She believes that it's highly important to bridge the digital divide and make sure that
（每个人都可以上网） and knows how to use new technology.
94．（2 分）Being online is no excuse for being rude，and you don't want to become a target for a troll or cyberbully. A troll is a person who posts comments or questions in order to （在网上制造麻烦）.
95．（2 分）The peaceful landscape of the "Emerald Isle" and is a true feast for the eyes，with its
（起伏的青山点缀着绵羊和牛）.
第五部分：书面表达满分 20 分
最近，你校学生会需招聘一名母语是英语的留学生做学习和活动的顾问，请你写一则招聘启事。
内容包括：
（1）应聘者应具备的条件；
（2）工作内容；
（3）如何申请。
































福州市名校2022-2023学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷
参考答案与试题解析
第一部分：听力：略
第二部分阅读理解共两节 20 题每题 2.5 分满分 37.5 分第一节（共 4 小题；每小题 2.5 分， 满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
21. 细节理解题。根据第二段 Smartphones and tablets can enjoy a second life as a universal remote control for smart devices and their various apps around the home.You can also use them to play music and video from streaming services，to cast to compatible devices，or as a home
server（.智能手机和平板电脑可以作为智能设备及其家庭中各种应用程序的通用遥控器享受第二人生。您还可以使用它们播放流媒体服务中的音乐和视频，播放到兼容设备，或作为家庭服务器。）以及第三段 Why not attach an old iPad to the wall to use as a digital calendar or family planner？ Or save a huge amount of money on baby monitors by fixing a phone or tablet with a monitoring app above the bassinet（婴儿摇篮）instead？，（为什么不把旧的平板电脑挂在墙上当数字日历或家庭计划表用呢？或节约一大笔钱在婴儿监视器上通过固定手机或平板使用一个监视的软件放在摇篮上面？）可知，文章提到了旧手机或平板电脑可以重复用做电子日历、监视婴儿和播放流量视频，文中没有提到的是处理复杂数据。故选 C。
22. 细节理解题。 根据第五段 If you can't repurpose your old smartphone ， recycle it instead.Smartphones are full of recyclable materials including rare and valuable metals such as gold，silver，platinum and copper﹣﹣99% of these can be reused if you recycle your phone correctly. They may end up in new tech products or enjoy a new life as something entirely different.（如果你不能重新利用你的旧智能手机，那就回收它。智能手机充满了可回收材料，包括稀有和有价值的金属，如金、银、铂和铜。如果你正确地回收手机，其中 99% 可以重复使用。它们可能最终会出现在新的科技产品中，或者以完全不同的方式享受新的生活。）可知，你可以利用你的旧手机通过再使用其中的金属制成新的产品。故选 A。23.推理判断题。根据最后一段 But，by following some simple steps，you can wipe your data before you recycle it.（但是，通过遵循一些简单的步骤，你就可以在回收旧手机之前先清理数据。）可以推断出，文章接下来要阐述的是关于旧手机清理数据的建议。故选 D。
24. 推理判断题。根据第一段的"But in the British Medical Journal the Bristol team led by
Andrew Ness wrote，"There is evidence that the potential benefits of exposure to sunlight may outweigh the widely publicized negative effects on the incidence of skin cancer."（但在《英国医学杂志》上，由 Andrew Ness 领导的 Bristol 研究小组写道："有证据表明，暴露在阳光下的潜在好处可能超过广泛宣传的对皮肤癌发病率的负面影响。"）"和第三段的"Sunshine
was also useful for treating certain skin conditions and there was also the "feel good effect of lying or sitting in the sun".（阳光对治疗某些皮肤状况也很有用，而且"躺在阳光下或坐在阳光下也有很好的感觉"。）"可知，Bristol 团队支持的是阳光有助于治疗一些皮肤问题。故选 D。
25. 推理判断题。根据第一段的 But in the British Medical Journal the Bristol team led by
Andrew Ness wrote，"There is evidence that the potential benefits of exposure to sunlight may outweigh the widely publicized negative effects on the incidence of skin cancer."（但在《英国医学杂志》上，由 Andrew Ness 领导的 Bristol 研究小组写道："有证据表明，暴露在阳光下的潜在好处可能超过广泛宣传的对皮肤癌发病率的负面影响。"）和第三段的 Sunshine was also useful for treating certain skin conditions and there was also the "feel good effect of lying or sitting in the sun".The researchers said it was too early to advise people to spend more time in the sun.（阳光对治疗某些皮肤状况也很有用，而且"躺在阳光下或坐在阳光下也有很好的感觉"。）可知，Bristol 团队支持的是阳光有助于治疗一些皮肤问题。故选 B。26.词句猜测题。根据第一段的 The four researchers at Bristol University were accused of weakening years of campaigning to warn people of the dangers of too much sun.（布里斯托尔大学的四名研究人员被指责削弱了多年来警告人们过度晒太阳的危害的运动。）和最后一 段的 We are very disappointed with this controversial article.It doesn't have enough supporting evidence and runs the risk undoing many years of "good health education"（我们对这篇有争议的文章感到非常失望。它没有足够的支持证据，有可能使多年来的"良好健康教育"付之一流。）可知，此处所说的"good health education" 指的是警告人们太多阳光的危害，故选 A。
27. 主旨大意题。通读全文以及根据第一段的 But in the British Medical Journal the Bristol team led by Andrew Ness wrote， "There is evidence that the potential benefits of exposure to sunlight may outweigh the widely publicized negative effects on the incidence of skin cancer."
（但在《英国医学杂志》上，由 Andrew Ness 领导的布里斯托尔研究小组写道："有证据表明，暴露在阳光下的潜在好处可能超过广泛宣传的对皮肤癌发病率的负面影响。"）可知，本文主要讲的是有证据表明，暴露在阳光下的潜在好处可能超过广泛宣传的对皮肤癌发病率的负面影响，也就是一项研究发现阳光有很多好处，故选 D。
28. 细节理解题。根据第二段 Thorp tells us how some researchers believe that boredom drives our brains to find something to do—leading to creative ideas.So，maybe we should take the advice of the musician Questlove and learn to ignore the distractions that we can find on ourphones（.索普告诉我们一些研究人员如何认为无聊会驱使我们的大脑找到一些事儿去做，从而产生创造性的想法。所以，也许我们应该采取音乐家 Questlove 的建议，学会忽略我们在手机上发现的干扰。）可知，Questlove 同意的观点应该是 D 项无聊可以促进创造性的想法。A 项音乐家倾向于对他们的职业感到无聊；B 项网上信息是灵感的来源；C 项新的经历邀请更多不同的想法。故选 D。
29. 细节理解题。根据第三段 However，before we all start planning how to bore ourselves into creativity，Sandi Mann，an academic and author，warns that too much boredom can take away the energy we need for creativity.（ 然而，在我们开始计划如何激发自己的创造力之前， 学者兼作家 Sandi Mann 警告说，过多的无聊会夺走我们创造力所需的能量）可知，根据Sandi Mann，有太多的无聊会引起的问题应该是会夺走我们创造力所需的能量。A 项太多的无聊会夺走我们创造力所需的能量。故选 A。
30. 细节理解题。根据最后一段 So，perhaps what we need is a balance—enough stimulus to make us look at things in different ways，and enough boredom to give us the breathing space to work through these thoughts.（ 所以，也许我们需要的是一种平衡——足够的刺激，让我们以不同的方式看待事物，足够的无聊，让我们有喘息的空间来思考这些想法）可知， 变得更加有创造力的最好方式是平衡刺激和无聊。C 项平衡无聊和新经历，符合题意。故选 C。
31. 推理判断题。根据第二段 Writing for BBC Culture，Clair Thorp looks at the role that boredom plays in the creative process（克莱尔•索普为英国广播公司文化频道撰稿，探讨无聊在创作过程中所扮演的角色）、Thorp tells us how some researchers believe that boredom drives our brains to find something to do—leading to creative ideas.（ 索普告诉我们，一些研究人员是如何认为无聊会驱使我们的大脑找到一些事情去做，从而产生创造性的想法的） 以及第三段 Actor and writer Kayode Ewumi recommends getting on a random bus and seeing where you end up or learning a new musical instrument as ways to avoid writer's block.Professor Gerard Puccio，a professor of creativity studies，believes that having to look at new things，or old things in a different light，can force us to make unusual connections and come up with innovative solutions.（ 演员兼作家 Kayode Ewumi 建议，坐一辆随机的公交车，看看你最终会去哪里，或者学习一种新的乐器，以此来避免作家的阻碍。创造力研究教授 Gerard Puccio 认为，必须从不同的角度看待新事物或旧事物，这会迫使我们建立不同寻常的联系，并想出创新的解决方案）可知，作者主要是通过引用名人观点解释观点的。A 项：通过作比较；B 项通过引用名人观点解释观点；C 项：通过研究；D 项： 通过关联不同的文化。故选 B。
32. B．细节理解题．根据第一段" In a yet﹣to﹣be﹣published study，Itzhak Khait and his team at Tel Aviv University，in Israel，found that tomato and tobacco plants can make ultrasonic（ 超 声 的 ）noises．The plants "cry out" due to lack of water，or when their stems（ 茎 ）are cut．It's just too high﹣pitched（音调高的）for humans to hear．在一项尚未发表的研究中，以色列特拉维夫大学的伊扎克 • 卡伊特和他的团队发现，西红柿和烟草植物能够产生超声波．植物因为缺水或者茎被切断而"哭喊"．只是音调太高，人类听不到．" 可知卡伊特和他的团队从他们的研究中发现了植物能够对压力产生声音．故选 B．
33. C．细节理解题．根据第六段"Water﹣hungry tobacco appears to make louder sounds than cut tobacco，for example．例如，缺水的烟草似乎比烟丝发出更大的声音．"可知切下的烟草似乎比干旱胁迫下的烟草发出的声音更弱．故选 C．
34. A．段落大意题．根据第六段"Perhaps most interestingly，different types of stress led to different sounds． The researchers trained a machine﹣learning model to separate the plants' sounds from those of the wind， rain and other noises of the greenhouse．In most cases， it correctly identified whether the stress was caused by dryness or a cut ， based on a sound's intensity and frequency ． Water ﹣ hungry tobacco appears to make louder sounds than cut tobacco，for example．Although Khait and his colleagues only looked at tomato and tobacco plants，they think other plants also make sounds when stressed．也许最有趣的是，不同类型的压力导致不同的声音．研究人员训练了一个机器学习模型，将植物的声音与温室里的风声、雨声和其他噪音分离开来．在大多数情况下，它能够根据声音的强度和频率，正确识别压力是由于干燥还是割伤引起的．例如，耗水量大的烟草发出的声音似乎比切好的烟草发出的声音更大．虽然 khait 和他的同事们只研究了西红柿和烟草植物，但他们认为其他植物在受到压力时也会发出声音．"可知本段主要讲述了研究人员训练了一个机 器学习模型，将植物的声音与温室里的风、雨和其他噪音分开．所以"A．The potential applications of the research．这项研究的潜在应用"正确．故选 A．
35. C．词义猜测题．根据划线词所在的句子"Edward Farmer，at the University of Lausanne， Switzerland， is doubtful． He said that the idea of moths listening to plants is "a little too speculative"．瑞士洛桑大学的 Edward Farmer 对此表示怀疑．他说蛾子听植物的声音这个想法"有点太投机了"．"可知表示不信任，再结合选项：A．practical 实用的；B．unsuspected不受怀疑的；C．unsupported 不支持的；D．complicated 复杂的．故选 C．
第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
36. 联系上文题。根据上文 You're probably sitting while reading this.（你可能正坐着读这篇文章。）和 Besides，many people still lie on the sofa swiping their phones instead of doing exercise after work.（此外，许多人下班后仍然躺在沙发上刷手机，而不是去锻炼。）可知， 上下文都陈述了人们坐着的情况，由此推知，空格处应填在何种情况下我们会选择坐着， 故 B．It is quite usual for you to remain seated in a business meeting.（你在商务会议上坐着是很正常的。）符合语境，故选 B。
37. 联系上文题。空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文 The fact is that the amount of time spent sitting has increased over time.（事实是，人们坐着的时间越来越长。）推知，下文可能陈述人们坐着的具体时间为多少。故 F．It is reported that many people have spent more than 6 hours sitting or lying.（据报道，许多人坐着或躺着的时间超过了 6 个小时。）符合语境，故选 F。
38. 联系上文题。空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文 A study on nearly 8000 adults suggests that there's a direct relationship between the time spent sitting and our risk of early death from any cause.（一项针对近 8000 名成年人的研究表明，坐着的时间与我们因任何原因过早死亡的风险之间存在直接关系。）推知，空处应该进一步说明研究的结果。故 C．As the total sitting time increases，so does the danger of early death.（随着坐的时间的增加，过早死亡
的风险也会增加。）符合语境，故选 C。
39. 细节理解题。根据上文"Sit less，move more" is what the Heart Foundation encourages us to
do.（"少坐多动"是心脏基金会鼓励我们做的。）以及后文 It is like telling people to just "exercise" without telling them how.（这就像告诉人们去"锻炼"，却不告诉他们怎么做。） 可知，心脏基金会提出的口号不具体，不容易操作。故 D．But the function of this rule is just too simple and abstract to benefit us a lot.（但这条规则的功能过于简单和抽象，无法让我们真正受益。）符合语境，故选 D。
40. 推理判断题。根据上一段最后一句 We need similar guidelines for sitting.（我们也需要类似的坐姿指南。）以及后文 One of them is from Diaz's research team. "It would probably be like this：for every 30 continuous minutes of siting，stand up and move or walk for five minutes at a quick pace，" Diaz，the lead researcher，said，adding that the study has put us a step closer to the satisfying guidelines.But more researches are needed to confirm their approaches.（其中一个来自迪亚兹的研究小组。首席研究员迪亚兹说："这可能是这样的：每连续坐 30 分钟，就站起来快速移动或步行 5 分钟。"他补充说，这项研究让我们离令人满意的指导方针又近了一步。但是还需要更多的研究来证实他们的方法。）讲到的具体做法可知，空处 讲到的应该是与减少久坐的指导方针有关的内容。故 G．Various specific and detailed guidelines have been made to inspire people to reduce sitting time（.已经制定了各种具体和详细的指导方针，以激励人们减少久坐时间。）符合语境，故选 G。
第三部分词汇和语法知识共三节，共 50 题，每题 1 分满分 15 分第一节完形填空共 15 题每题 1 分满分 15 分阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
41. 考查名词及语境理解。A.measurements 尺寸；B.tunes 曲调；C.prices 价格；D.scales 天平。句意：我在谷歌上搜索键盘的尺寸，在一张纸上画出按键，然后把它贴在我的桌子上。根据后文的"drew the keys on a piece of paper"可知作者把琴键画在纸上，所以这里是先在网上搜索键盘的尺寸。故选 A 项。
42. 考查动词及语境理解。A.folded 折叠；B.piled 堆积；C.wrapped 缠绕；D.stuck 粘贴。句意：我在谷歌上搜索键盘的尺寸，在一张纸上画出按键，然后把它贴在我的桌子上。根据前文的 paper 和后文的"on the desk"可知，是把纸粘贴在桌子上。故选 D 项。
43. 考查名词及语境理解。A.screen 屏幕；B.course 课程；C.keyboard 键盘；D.website 网站。句意：我会点击在线键盘上的音符，然后在我的纸上"弹奏"它们﹣﹣﹣把它们在电脑上发出的声音记忆在我的脑海里。根据下文"play" them back on my paper one"可知， 作者在网上学钢琴，所以是点击网上的键盘。故选 C 项。
44. 考查名词及语境理解。A.voice 声音；B.sound 声音；C.whisper 耳语；D.record 记录。句意：我会点击在线键盘上的音符，然后在我的纸上"弹奏"它们﹣﹣把它们在电脑上发出的声音记忆在我的脑海里。根据常识可知，弹钢琴会发出声音，此处是声音泛指自然的声音，voice 表示人的嗓音，此处 sound 更合适。故选 B 项。
45. 考查形容词及语境理解。A.nervous 紧张的；B.disappointed 失望的；C.satisfied 满意的； D.serious 认真的。句意：我妈妈发现我是认真的，她就借钱给我买了 10 节课。根据后文"she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons."她借钱给我买了十节课，妈妈看到作者是真的想要学习，不只是玩玩而已，所以作者是认真的。故选 D 项。
46. 考查动词及语境理解。A.amused 使快乐；B.frightened 使恐惧；C.struck 打动；D.accessed访问。句意：我被钢琴如此真切的声音打动。由后文提到"how real the sound of the piano" 作者喜欢钢琴的声音，所以被钢琴的声音打动，be struck by 表示被…打动。故选 C 项。47.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.ran into 撞到，遭遇；B.got across 通过；C.passed by 路过；D.went through 通过。句意：上了八节课后，我通过了一年级考试。由后文"I passed grade five"我过了五级，可知此处是我先通过了一级考试。故选 D 项。
48. 考查动词及语境理解。A.afford 支付得起；B.perform 表现；C.postpone 延期；D.participate参加。句意：但是当我开始上中学的时候，我们支付不起课程了。此处 but 表示转折， 结合第一段"we were in the fallout of the recession" 以及" But when I started secondary school， "我们正处于经济衰退的余波之中，可知我们支付不起课程。故选 A 项。
49. 考查名词及语境理解。A.secret 秘密；B.task 任务；C.question 问题；D.surprise 惊喜。句意：当我快十三岁的时候，母亲说她要给我一个惊喜。根据下文母亲给我买电子键盘， 可知母亲要给我一个惊喜。故选 D 项。
50. 考查形容词及语境理解。A.little 少的；B.less 更少；C.much 多的；D.more 更多的。句意：那是一个电子键盘，用更多的借款买的。根据前文"she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons."可知，母亲花钱给我买了十节课，后来借了更多的钱买了电子键盘。故选 D 项。
51. 考查形容词及语境理解。A.easy 简单的；B.tough 艰难的；C.enjoyable 愉快的；D.sacred 害怕的。句意：后来我找到了为年轻音乐家开设的普塞尔学校，选拔赛很艰难。根据后文的"I felt stressed out"可知，我感到很紧张，可知比赛比较难。故选 B 项。
52. 考查动词及语境理解。A.answered 回答；B.wrote 写；C.involved 包含，涉及；D.collected 收集。句意：有些问题涉及对作曲家的评价或音乐创作的时间。此处表示评委提的问题中包含了作曲家的评价和音乐创作时间。故选 C 项。
53. 考查名词及语境理解。A.role 角色；B.prize 奖项；C.place 地方；D.refund 退款。句意： 令我惊讶的是，我被录取了。根据上文"Later I found the Purcell School for young musicians" 以及"To my amazement "可知，我被录取了。故选 C 项。
54. 考查连词及语境理解。A.after 之后；B.since 自从；C.until 直到；D.before 之前。句意： 我感到很自豪：我画我的纸钢琴已经 10 年了。根据 it's been+一段时间+since….，表示自从….有多久，此处是固定句式。故选 B 项。
55. 考查形容词及语境理解。A.mental 心理的；B.enough 足够的；C.private 私人的；D.fancy 精致的。句意：我继续在没有钢琴的情况下进行很多练习：我们称之为心理练习。根据上文" I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano"可知，在没有钢琴的情况下进行很多练习：我们称之为心理练习。故选 A 项。
第二节：选择适当单词或词组，并根据需要改变形式填空，使语法正确句意合理。（其中有两个是多余的）共两部分，
56. 考查动词。句意：这张全班同学在永泰拍摄的照片让我们想起了学生们在军训期间与他们的教官一起度过的日子。remind"提醒"，keep sb.reminded of sth."使某人想起某事"。故填 reminded。
57. 考查动词时态语态。句意：正如你所看到的，现在正在采取很多措施来保护野生动物， 国家动物保护区的情况也在好转。主语 much 和动词 do 之间为被动关系，应用被动语态， 根据 things are getting 可知时态是现在进行时，应用现在进行时的被动语态，much 作主语时谓语动词用单数，be 动词应用 is。故填 is being done。
58. 考查名词。句意：他把所有的钱都捐给了慈善机构，我们对他的慷慨感到惊讶。generous"慷慨的"，介词 at 后应用名词，generosity"慷慨，大方"。故填 generosity。
59. 考查动词。句意：夏天临近，天气越来越热。所以许多学生开始穿夏季的衣服。approach" 接近"，本题使用 with 的复合结构"with+名词+doing"，现在分词作宾补，表主动和进行。故填 approaching。
60. 考查名词的数。句意：日常生活中小问题的解决方法可能是伟大发明的灵感。inspire"激励，赋予灵感"，may be 和介词 for 之间应用名词，inspiration"启示，灵感"，且主语 The solutions 为复数，此处应用名词的复数形式。故填 inspirations。
61. 考查名词。句意：一切都开始好转，经济也显示出复苏的迹象。recover"恢复（健康） "，介词 of 后应接名词，recovery"康复，复苏"。故填 recovery。
62. 考查名词。句意：每个国家对"人权"一词都有自己的定义。define"定义"，代词 its 和介词 of 之间应用名词，根据句意此处表示单数含义。故填 definition。
63. 考查副词。句意：他在学校显然讨厌数学，这一点大家都知道。evident"清楚的，显然 的"，此处修饰动词 hated 应用副词。故填 evidently。
64. 考查动词时态。句意：应该把属于孩子们的快乐时光还给他们。belong to"属于"，句中缺少谓语动词，因表示的是一般事实，要用一般现在时，关系代词 that 的先行词 time 是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填：belongs to。
65. 考查动词时态。句意：be concerned about"担心某事"，根据句中 will 要用一般现在时， 主语 you 后 be 动词用 are。故填：are concerned about。
66. 考查动词时态。句意：他上星期提议我们每人为福州的文化遗产捐款。make a proposal"
提出建议"，根据时间状语 last week，要用一般过去时。故填：made a proposal。
67. 考查动词时态。句意：这些物种如何适应新环境仍然是个谜。adapt to"适应"，助动词do 后接动词原形。故填：adapt to。
68. 考查动词时态。句意：在现代人中，大脑占总体重的 2%﹣3%。account for "（在数量方面）占"，因表示的是一般事实，要用一般现在时，主语 brain 是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填：accounts for。
69. 考查动词时态。句意：这个街区位于镇中心。be located"位于"，因表示的是一般事实， 要用一般现在时，主语 block 是单数，be 动词用 is。故填：is located。
70. 考查动词不定式。句意：警察终于设法找到了从监狱逃跑的囚犯。track down"跟踪追捕"，manage to do sth."成功做成某事"，是固定搭配。故填：to track down。
第三节语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
71. 考查冠词。句意：为了帮助解决这个问题，他有了一个创造性的想法——制造像货币一样的塑料，他称之为"塑料银行"。idea"想法"为可数名词，结合语境可知，此处泛指" 一个想法"，且形容词 creative 是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词 a。故填 a。72.考查副词。句意："塑料银行"的目标是用塑料来帮助人们逐步解决这些问题。分析可知，空处需用副词 gradually"逐渐地"作状语，修饰动词 solve。故填 gradually。
73. 考查介词。句意："塑料银行"通过付钱给回收塑料垃圾的人来增加塑料垃圾的价值。add...to..."把......加在 "，固定搭配。故填 to。
74. 考查宾语从句连接词。句意：在"塑料银行"市场，人们可以用收集到的塑料换取他们需要的东西。分析可知，此处引导宾语从句，指物，意为" 的东西"，故应用连接代词 what 引导该宾语从句。故填 what。
75. 考查动词不定式。句意：塑料银行市场出售很多东西以方便当地人。名词所有格 local people's 后应用名词作介词 for 的宾语，convenience 为不可数名词。故填 convenience。76.考查固定搭配。句意：这些商店还允许塑料收集者用他们赚的钱支付医疗保健或学校 费用。根据句意表示"为……付款"，应用固定搭配 pay for…。故填 for。
77. 考查定语从句关系词。句意：为了确保塑料被回收利用，"塑料银行"与同意使用回收的塑料的合作伙伴合作。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是partners，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词 who 引导该定语从句。故填who。
78. 考查连词。句意：当顾客购买这些标有"社会塑料"标签的产品时，他们知道，他们既帮助了世界其他地区的人们，也让塑料远离海洋。根据句意可知，短语 both…and…" 既……又……"符合题意。故填 and。
79. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，塑料银行已经将大约 700 万磅的塑料从海洋中清除。根据时间状语 so far"目前"可知，句子应用现在完成时，其结构为"have/has done"，主语 the Plastic Bank 是单数，助动词应用 has。故填 has kept。
80. 考查可数名词单数。句意：它为海洋世界做出了巨大贡献。分析可知，此处应用名词作make 的宾语，结合空前不定冠词 a 可知，此处应用其单数形式，make a great contribution to..."对……做出巨大贡献"。故填 contribution。
81. 考查动词不定式。句意：这笔钱计划在四年内提供，旨在帮助该地区约 1000 名无家可归者。plan 后跟动词不定式作宾语，表示"计划做某事"，故填 to give。
82. 考查过去分词。句意：一个位于 Wood bridge 的组织预计将收到﹩150 万。分析句子可知，"（base） in Wood bridge"作定语，base 与 One agency 是被动关系，故用过去分词， 故填 based。
83. 考查动词不定式。句意：一个位于 Wood bridge 的组织预计将收到﹩150 万。be expected to do sth."被预计……"，用不定式作主语补足语，故填 to receive。
84. 考查动名词。句意：该组织负责人表示，他们将把资源集中在教育无家可归者上。介 词后接动名词作宾语，故填 educating。
85. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：学校﹣家庭正是它听起来的样子。描述现状，所以用一般现在时态，主语为 it，所以谓语用第三人称单数，故填 sounds。
86. 考查动词不定式。句意：我们提供住宿，并教他们如何成为园丁、画家、木匠、砖匠、 电工和空调修理工。此处为"how to do"作宾语，故填 to be。
87. 考查动词时态。句意：事实上，几周前，我们办公室的空调坏了。ago 常和一般过去时态连用，故填 went。
,88.考查动词不定式。句意：令我们惊讶的是，修理工竟然是我们第一批无家可归的学生 之一。turn out to be"结果是"，为固定搭配，故填 to be。
89. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他现在拥有这个城市一半的空调修理业务，外加两 栋房子、两辆车和一艘船！own"拥有"，不用进行时态，根据时间状语 now，可知用一般现在时态，主语为 he，所以谓语用第三人称单数，故填 owns。
90. 考查动名词。句意：所以，我们不用缴费就可以修理空调，这并不奇怪。作介词的宾 语，所以用动名词，表示"被收费"，所以用动名词的被动形式，故填 being charged。
第四部分：课文背诵背诵：请按照课文将以下句子填完整
91. 根据句意，横线处应是 there comes a time，there comes a time when…是固定句型，意为"……的时代已经到来"，when 是关系副词，引导定语从句，单词 there 在句首，首字母大写。故填：There comes a time。
92. 根据括号内词义，"学会与大自然和谐相处"可译为 learn to live in harmony with nature，陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时。故填：learn to live in harmony with nature。
93. 根据括号内词义，"每个人都可以上网"可译为 everyone can surf the Internet，根据句意可知，应用一般现在时。故填：everyone can surf the Internet。
94. 根据括号内词义，"在网上制造麻烦"可译为 stir up trouble online，in order to do sth."为了……"，所以此处应用动词原形。故填：stir up trouble online。
95. 根据括号内词义，"起伏的青山点缀着绵羊和牛"可译为 rolling green hills dotted with sheep
and cattle。这里是 with+宾语+宾补的复合结构，宾语是 its rolling green hill（s起伏的青山），宾补是 dot with sheep and cattle，因宾补和宾语是动宾关系，因此用过去分词形式。故填：rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle。