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2022-2023学年甘肃省庆阳市宁县重点中学高一下学期期中英语试卷含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年甘肃省庆阳市宁县重点中学高一下学期期中英语试卷含解析，共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年甘肃省庆阳市宁县重点中学高一（下）期中英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
London，with countless famous sites and all manner of food，drink，shopping，history，and culture，is definitely a wonderful city to visit.
Time Zone
Greenwich Mean Time during the winter，British Summer Time during the rest of the year （starting at Daylight Saving Time）.
Best Time to Go
The best time to visit London overall is in spring，when the temperatures have warmed up，the sun has started to shine and London's gardens and parks are looking their best.However，the reality is that the best time to travel to London depends a lot on what you're looking for.If you're all about taking a look inside Queen Liz's palace，you'd better make it in summer，while winter is beautiful and festive for those looking to get their fill of Christmas markets and traditional cheer.
Things to Know
Londoners，and English people in general，have a much more different manner of interacting with one another than Americans do while an American might think nothing of smiling at a stranger passing on the sidewalk or asking about work in the first few minutes of a conversation.Londoners might consider it impolite or strange.Don't mistake this for unfriendliness；it's just a cultural difference.Instead，talk about things like movies，TV shows，books，your travels，and the like，instead of work or family.
How to Get Around
Getting around London is unbelievably easy thanks to the well-maintained and extensive Underground.The underground，unlike American transportation systems which often pay per ride or pay per length of trip，are paid in zones.Fare also varies based on time of day and the method you use to pay.It's worth getting an Oyster card to make your life that much simpler.
1. What is the best season to visit Queen Liz's palace？ ______
A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Autumn. D. Winter.
2. Which is a suitable topic for starting a conversation with Londoners？ ______
A. A football match. B. A work plan.
C. A family issue. D. A company rule.
3. What is this text？ ______
A. A survey. B. A travel diary.
C. A research paper. D. A guidebook.
B
The day before yesterday，when Peter's family were having dinner，Father raised an interesting question， "Was there anything in our past that we feel ashamed of，guilty about，or regretted？Maybe we can find ways to say sorry，or take some action to right any wrongdoing." This seemed like a very private matter，but Peter thought about it carefully the whole night.
Peter remembered an incident from middle school.In his school，there was a worker，Neil Stone，who none of the kids liked.One night，Peter and two of his classmates decided to play a trick on him.They found a can of red paint，and wrote on the school main road in bright red：Neil Stone is a fool!The next day，the whole school saw these words.Within two hours，Neil had Peter and his two classmates in his office.His classmates said that they had done it but Peter lied and denied the truth.
This morning，Peter went back to his middle school.Neil Stone is still working there. "Sorry，Neil.Do you still remember what happened ten years ago？I want you to know that I did it." "I knew it!' Neil laughed.They had a good laugh and a lively discussion.Neil's closing words were： "Peter，I always felt bad for you because your classmates got it off their mind，and I knew you were carrying it around all these years.I want to thank you for visiting me for your sake."
Peter knows that no matter how difficult the situation is，it is never too late to clear up the past and make a fresh start.
4. What did Peter remember doing in middle school？ ______
A. Something helpful. B. Something unpleasant.
C. Something valuable. D. Something useful.
5. What color were the words "Neil Stone is a fool!"？ ______
A. Dark blue. B. Light green. C. Pure white. D. Bright red.
6. When did Neil know who wrote the words on the school main road？ ______
A. Ten years ago. B. The day before yesterday.
C. This morning. D. Not until Peter told him.
7. What is the best title for this passage？ ______
A. Peter's family
B. An unforgettable lesson
C. It's never too late to say sorry
D. An interesting thing in middle school
C
When gold was discovered in Coloma,California in 1848，news travelled fast and many went there to find their fortune.Before 1849，California was a place focusing mainly on agriculture.As word of the gold discovery spread,many people left their fields to seek their fortune.With more and more travellers arriving,restaurants and hotels were built to feed and accommodate（提供住宿）them.
On the mining sites,men were often forced to cook for themselves since few gold diggers were women.In the early days,both food and riches were plentiful and miners could uncover ＄2，000 worth of gold in just one day.When it came to food,there were plenty of wild animals to be hunted,and meat,beans and coffee could be purchased at a reasonable price.Times appeared to be good.
Over time,because the majority of food in California had to be imported,it became very expensive.Simple foods like eggs and bread were sold for one dollar a piece in 1849.Besides,fruit and vegetables were scarce（缺乏的）.Therefore,many gold diggers couldn't get enough food,and some even had no food at all at last.But the gold diggers also hated to tear themselves away from their search for gold and turned to quick and simple meals that could be cooked over hot ashes.
During the Gold Rush,San Francisco's famous sourdough（酸面团）bread became a main type of food.Miners would often buy a piece in the morning that would be eaten slowly throughout the day.The Boudin family,who came from France,was partly responsible for putting San Francisco sourdough on the map.The Boudin bakery has used the same sourdough,a piece of so-called mother dough since 1849.And when the 1906 earthquake hit,Louise Boudin managed to save some sourdough,ensuring that each piece of bread that came from the bakery would be linked throughout history.So far the Boudin bakery has remained in California,using the sourdough that is the same as the one in 1849.
8. What change took place in California after 1849？ ______
A. The environment got damaged by gold diggers.
B. Gold diggers from outside became its main population.
C. The gold industry pushed each other forward.
D. Business of eating and living developed due to the Gold Rush.
9. What can we infer about gold diggers from Paragraph 3？ ______
A. Many sadly left without any gold.
B. Many had to bring food from home.
C. Many likely ended up with poor health.
D. Many probably turned to unique ingredients.
10. What's Boudin family's contribution to California？ ______
A. Helping discover lots of gold there.
B. Rescuing many people from the earthquake.
C. Creating a type of tasty bread for Califormans.
D. Passing down some food culture in the Gold Rush.
11. What's the best title for the text？ ______
A. The Origin of San Francisco Sourdough
B. The Historical Changes of California
C. The Tough Life of Early Gold Diggers
D. The Rise and Fall of the Gold Rush
D
Children should do housework.That's a controversial（有争议的） idea，though not everyone will admit it.A few parents will say that their children are too busy for housework.Many more of us assign（分派） housework，or say we believe in them，but the housework just doesn't get done.
That's a problem.For starters，housework is good for kids.Being a part of the routine work of running a household helps children develop an awareness of the needs of others，while at the same time contributing to their emotional well-being.
One small study，done over a period of 25 years，found that the best predictor（预测） for young adults' success in their mid-20s was whether they participated in household tasks at age 3 or 4.Those early shared responsibilities extended to a sense of responsibility in other areas of their lives.
But for all that their help matters，few kids are doing much around the house at all.In a survey of 1，000 American adults，75 percent said they believed regular housework made kids "more responsible".Yet while 82 percent reported having had regular housework growing up，only 56 percent of those with children said they required them to do housework.
Sports and homework are not get-out-of-housework-free cards.The goal，after all，is to raise adults who can balance a caring role in their families and communities with whatever lifetime achievement goals they choose.Housework teaches that balance.
What should you do when getting children to do housework？Accept no excuses.Don't worry if you must repeat yourself again and again.If you're spending more time getting the child to do this job than it would take to do it yourself，then you're doing it right.Can a payment help？Maybe.But if you're trying to teach kids to share the responsibility of a home，paying them for routine housework is not the right message.
12. What can we infer from the first paragraph？ ______
A. Very few children get housework done.
B. Children are very busy with housework.
C. Housework is a must-do for parents.
D. Family members should respect each other.
13. What is found in the small study？ ______
A. Housework helps a man live a happy life.
B. A man's success depends on his housework.
C. Housework benefits a sense of responsibility.
D. A child must start doing housework at Age 3.
14. What does the author advise parents to do in the last paragraph？ ______
A. Balance housework and study.
B. Help the child do housework positively.
C. Do housework by themselves.
D. Pay the child for housework.
15. What is the best title of the text？ ______
A. Adults Do Less Housework in the US
B. Housework Matters to Children
C. Parents Words Speak Louder
D. Children Need More Care at Home
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
It is never too late to develop great study habits.However，starting making some changes is hard.Even if you want to do well enough in school and improve your grades，you're probably having trouble getting started in the first place! (16).
Plan your time carefully.Make a list of your weekly tasks.Make a schedule of your time.Then decide on good，regular time for studying. (17)，but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time.
Find a good place to study.Choose one place for your study area.It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library，but it should be comfortable and quiet.When you begin to work，you should be able to concentrate on the subject.
Skim before you read. (18).As you preview the material，you get some idea of the passage and how it is organized.
(19).Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later.Taking notes helps you remember what the teacher says.
Develop a good attitude to tests.The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. (20).Tests provide grades，but they also let you know that you need to spend more time studying.
There are other skills that might help you with your study.Share with your classmates some of the skills you have found to be helpful.
A.Study regularly
B.Make good use of your time in class
C.There are several ways that can help you
D.Develop a positive attitude by setting realistic goals
E.This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems
F.The world won't end if you don't pass a test，so don't worry too much about a test
G.This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
A Happy Birthday for All For her ninth birthday,Mary asked for some unusual birthday gifts such as soap,schoolbags and Towels.But Mary didn't want these(21) for herself.She wanted to give them to other people.
At school,Mary's teacher (22) her students, "You can't always be self-centered.You have to (23) others." Mary's classmates had helped to (24) supplies for a school in Africa.But Mary wanted to do more.With help from (25) parents,Mary researched local charities（慈善机构）and (26) a shelter（庇护所）that helps women and children in need.
After finding out what supplies the shelter (27)， Mary included a list with each party invitation.Mary's friends brought shelter supplies to her (28) party.Those who couldn't come to her birthday party (29) gave gifts.She had so many gifts that they (30) her family's truck! "It was like we were going on vacation." Mary said with a(31) .She said it was fun to watch the pile of donations（捐赠物）(32).Mary collected ﹩ 650 in cash donations and more than ﹩1，000 worth of (33) for the shelter in the end. (34) Mary went with her parents to send the supplies to the shelter,people there (35) her with another birthday party.They had (36) a cake for her and gave her a (37) signed（签名）by everyone there.
Mary hopes other children will hear about her (38) birthday and choose their own charity to support. "I felt really(39) when I did it," she said. "You're not just giving them something；you're (40) them with their whole life."
21. A. books B. bikes C. toys D. gifts
22. A. knew B. liked C. taught D. punished
23. A. look for B. laugh at C. think of D. keep off
24. A. return B. collect C. destroy D. refuse
25. A. my B. her C. your D. our
26. A. found B. missed C. left D. closed
27. A. wasted B. exchanged C. discovered D. needed
28. A. graduation B. dress C. birthday D. office
29. A. seldom B. still C. perhaps D. never
30. A. cleaned B. repaired C. stopped D. filled
31. A. smile B. pity C. sigh D. lie
32. A. remain B. increase C. drop D. burn
33. A. robots B. supplies C. armchairs D. paintings
34. A. When B. Before C. Until D. Since
35. A. frightened B. worried C. surprised D. remembered
36. A. made B. sold C. lent D. touched
37. A. watch B. ticket C. card D. menu
38. A. unhappy B. forgotten C. common D. special
39. A. good B. bored C. afraid D. hungry
40. A. asking B. calling C. visiting D. helping
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）
41. 根据课文完成短文。
Ben，17，is a member of their school basketball team.He is crazy （1） ______ basketball and pretty good at it but they（2） ______ （ lose） their last match.In Ben's opinion，their point guard was （3） ______ （ blame）. （4） ______ （ disappoint） by his behaviour，Ben told this to his best friend.However，his best friend told everyone else （5） ______ he'd said.Ben didn't know what to do，so he asked Agony Aunt for help.
As far as Agony Aunt is concerned，it is （6） ______ （ main） his friend's loose lips that make the situation （7） ______ （ bad）.But it's partly Ben's fault.She suggests that Ben should apologise to his teammate.Secondly，Ben should tell his friend that he is （8） ______ （ anger） with him for repeating what he said and making the situation worse，（ 9） ______ that he wants to move on.Thirdly，Ben should think about his own behaviour and always remember：think first，speak later.If he feels one of his （10） ______ （ teammate） isn't pulling their weight，he will raise his concerns in a professional way with his team coach.
五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
42. 某英文报举办以"The Internet Has Changed My Life"为题目的征文比赛，请你写一篇短文参赛。内容包括：网络给生活带来的改变：比如交流方式、购物方式、娱乐形式等。
注意：
（1）词数 80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
The Internet Has Changed My Life
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由本文Best Time to Go部分中的关键句If you're all about taking a look inside Queen Liz's palace，you'd better make it in summer，（如果你想看看利兹女王的宫殿，你最好在夏天去，）可知对于只想参观利兹女王的宫殿的人来说，夏天最合适，故选B。
（2）推理判断题。由本文Things to Know部分中的关键句Instead，talk about things like movies，TV shows，books，your travels，and the like，instead of work or family.（相反，谈论电影、电视节目、书籍、你的旅行等等，而不是工作或家庭。）可知一场足球比赛这个话题适合和伦敦人开始对话，故选A。
（3）文章体裁题。由本文第一段London，with countless famous sites and all manner of food，drink，shopping，history，and culture，is definitely a wonderful city to visit.（伦敦有无数著名的景点和各种各样的美食、饮料、购物、历史和文化，绝对是一个值得参观的美妙城市。）以及下文可知本文主要说明了游览伦敦的一些建，所以本文应该属于旅行指南，故选D。
这是一篇应用文。文章主要说明了游览伦敦的一些建议。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
4~7.【答案】B、D、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段"Was there anything in our past that we feel ashamed of，guilty about，or regretted？Maybe we can find ways to say sorry，or take some action to right any wrongdoing." （在我们的过去有什么让我们感到羞愧、内疚或后悔的事情吗？也许我们可以找到道歉的方式，或者采取一些行动来纠正任何错误。）可知，彼得在听了父亲的话之后，回忆起发生在中学的不愉快的事情，故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段They found a can of red paint，and wrote on the school main road in bright red：Neil Stone is a fool!（他们找到了一罐红油漆，用鲜红色在学校的主干道上写道：尼尔•斯通是个傻瓜。）可知，"Neil Stone is a fool!"是鲜红色的，故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段Do you still remember what happened ten years ago？I want you to know that I did it.（你还记得十年前发生的事吗？我想让你知道是我干的。）I knew it!（我知道！）可知，尼尔在十年前就知道这几个字是彼得写的，故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。根据最后一段Peter knows that no matter how difficult the situation is，it is never too late to clear up the past and make a fresh start.（彼得知道，无论处境多么艰难，清算过去，重新开始永远都不晚。）可知，本文讲述了彼得在中学时候的一次恶作剧，在十年之后和父亲交谈后，他认识到错误并向当事人道歉的故事。故事告诉我们，说抱歉永远都不晚。C.It's never too late to say sorry.（说抱歉永远都不晚。）为本文最佳标题。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了彼得在中学时候的一次恶作剧，在十年之后和父亲交谈后，他认识到错误并向当事人道歉的故事。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8~11.【答案】D、C、D、A
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第一段中的With more and more travellers arriving,restaurants and hotels were built to feed and accommodate（提供住宿）them.（随着越来越多的游客来到这里，餐馆和旅馆被建造起来供他们吃饭和住宿。）可知，1849年后，随着淘金者的涌人，加利福尼亚的餐饮住宿业发展了起来。故选D。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据第三段中的Therefore,many gold diggers couldn't get enough food,and some even had no food at all at last.But the gold diggers also hated to tear themselves away from their search for gold and turned to quick and simple meals that could be cooked over hot ashes.（因此，许多淘金者无法得到足够的食物，有些人甚至最后没有食物。但淘金者也不愿放弃寻找黄金的工作，转而吃可以在热灰上煮熟的快捷简单的饭菜。）可推断由于食物短缺，淘金者的健康受到影响，身体很可能变差，故选C。
（3）D.细节理解题。根据第四段中的The Boudin bakery has used the same sourdough,a piece of so-called mother dough since 1849.And when the 1906 earthquake hit,Louise Boudin managed to save some sourdough,ensuring that each piece of bread that came from the bakery would be linked throughout history.So far the Boudin bakery has remained in California,using the sourdough that is the same as the one in 1849.（布丹面包房从1849年开始就使用这种酸面团，也就是所谓的"母面团"。1906年地震来袭时，露易丝•布丹设法挽救了一些酸面包，确保了面包店里的每一片面包都与历史相连。到目前为止，布丹面包房仍然留在加州，使用的酸面团与1849年的相同。）可知 Boudin bakery一直使用从淘金热时期延续至今的酸面团，传承了淘金热时期的饮食文化。故选D。
（4）A.标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚淘金热时期出现的一种酸面团面包。因此A项The Origin of San Francisco Sourdough（旧金山酸面包的起源）适合作为标题，故选A。
本文是一篇社会文化类阅读理解。本文主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚淘金热时期出现的一种酸面团面包。
考查社会文化类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
12~15.【答案】A、C、B、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段A few parents will say that their children are too busy for housework.Many more of us assign（分派） housework，or say we believe in them，but the housework just doesn't get done.（少数父母会说他们的孩子太忙，没有时间做家务。我们中更多的人分配家务，或者说我们相信家务，但是家务就是做不完。）可知A．Very few children get housework done.（很少有孩子做家务。）符合题意。故选A项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Those early shared responsibilities extended to a sense of responsibility in other areas of their lives.（这些早期的共同责任延伸到他们生活中其他领域的责任感。）可知，该研究发现做家务活有助于孩子们培养责任意识。故选C项。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段What should you do when getting children to do housework？Accept no excuses.（让孩子做家务时你应该怎么做？不接受任何借口。）可知，作者建议家长给孩子分派家务活时不接受孩子的任何托词，应该让孩子真正去做，行动才是关键。故选B项。
（4）标题归纳题。通读全文可知，第一段首句Children should do housework.（孩子们应该做家务。）为该文的核心话题，并在后文论述了做家务可以给孩子带来的好处。即，本文主要论述做家务活对孩子成长的重要性，助力孩子的责任意识。B项"Housework Matters to Children（家务对儿童至关重要）"贴合主旨。故选B项。
本文是一篇议论文。文章主要以"孩子要做家务"为话题，通过研究和事例，论证做家务对孩子成长的重要性，鼓励家长督促孩子多参与家务活，培养责任意识。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】C、E、G、B、F
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据上文It is never too late to develop great study habits.However，starting making some changes is hard.Even if you want to do well enough in school and improve your grades，you're probably having trouble getting started in the first place! （养成良好的学习习惯永远不晚。然而，开始做一些改变是困难的。即使你想在学校里表现得足够好，提高你的成绩，你很可能在开始的时候就遇到了麻烦！）可知，只要通过正确方法养成良好习惯，就能提高成绩，即以下是具体方法，此项中的 "help"承接上文的"having trouble getting started"，此项的several ways引出下文的5种培养良好学习习惯的方法。C项"There are several ways that can help you.几种方法可以帮助您。"符合语境。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据上文Make a list of your weekly tasks.Make a schedule of your time.Then decide on good，regular time for studying. （列出你每周的任务清单。列出你的时间表。然后决定一个好的、有规律的学习时间。） 以及下文but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time.（但是它会让你更清楚地意识到你是如何度过你的时间的。）可知，讲这样做的好处，空白处要承接上文，又要与后文是转折关系，所以应该填的是周计划存在的缺点，E项"This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems.这个周计划也许不能解决你所有的问题。"符合语境。故选E。
（3）推理判断题。根据上文Skim before you read（读之前先浏览一下）以及下文As you preview the material，you get some idea of the passage and how it is organized.（当你预览这些材料时，你会对这篇文章有一些了解，以及它是如何组织起来的。）可知，如何进行阅读前略读的方法。G项"This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully.意味着在你开始更仔细地阅读之前，快速浏览一篇文章。"符合语境。故选G。
（4）段落大意题。根据后文Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later.Taking notes helps you remember what the teacher says.（在课堂上听老师讲课意味着以后少做功课。记笔记可以帮助你记住老师说的话。）可知，本段说明利用好课堂时间的重要性。根据其他段落首句特征，此处用祈使句，B项"Make good use of your time in class好好利用上课的时间。"符合语境。故选B项。
（5）推理判断题。根据上文Develop a good attitude to tests. （培养对考试的良好态度）以及上文Develop a good attitude to tests.The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject.（培养良好的考试态度。考试的目的是展示你对一门学科所学的知识。）可知，空白处说明对考试应有的正确态度，即不要太担心考试，F项"The world won't end if you don't pass a test，so don't worry too much about a test假如你没有通过考试，世界并不会结束，所以不要太担心考试。"符合语境。故选F。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在学校里如何养成一个好的学习习惯。
"七选五"选择题，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选。得出正确的答案。
21~40.【答案】D、C、C、B、B、A、D、C、B、D、A、B、B、A、C、A、C、D、A、D
【解析】（1）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.books书；B.bikes 自行车；C.toys玩具；D.gifts礼物。句意：但是Mary不想自己要这些礼物。根据前文中的"birthday gifts"可知，这里就是指前文的礼物，该题属于原词复现。故选D项。
（2）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.knew知道；B.liked喜欢；C.taught教；D.punished惩罚。句意：在学校里，Mary的老师教导她的学生："你不能总是以自我为中心。你必须为他人着想。"根据常识可知，在学校里，老师教授学生道理和知识。故选C项。
（3）C.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.look for寻找；B.laugh at嘲笑；C.think of认为，考虑；D.keep off避开，不接近。句意：在学校里，Mary的老师教导她的学生："你不能总是以自我为中心。你必须为他人着想。"根据前文"You can't always be self-centered. "可知，人们不能以自我为中心，要替别人着想。故选C项。
（4）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.return返回；B.collect收集；C.destroy破坏；D.refuse拒绝。句意：Mary的同学们曾帮助非洲的一所学校收集生活用品。根据后文"supplies"可知，生活用品都是学生收集起来，捐赠给非洲的一所学校的。故选B项。
（5）B.考查代词及语境理解。A.my我的；B.her她的；C.your你的；D.our我们的。句意：在她父母的帮助下，Mary调查了当地慈善机构，发现了一个有需要帮助的妇女和儿童的避难所。Mary是一个女孩，所以这里用her。故选B项。
（6）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.found找到，发现；B.missed错过，想念；C.left离开；D.closed关闭。句意：在她父母的帮助下，Mary调查了当地慈善机构，发现了一个有需要帮助的妇女和儿童的庇护所。根据前文的"researched local charities"可知，Mary所帮助的对象是在前期调查中发现的。故选A项。
（7）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.wasted浪费；B.exchanged交换；C.discovered发现；D.needed需要。句意：在了解了庇护所需要的物品后，Mary在每个聚会请柬上都附上了一个清单。根据上文"what supplies the shelter"可知，Mary清单上物资都是这个庇护所需要的。故选D项。
（8）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.graduation毕业；B.dress裙子；C.birthday生日；D.office办公室。句意：Mary的朋友们给她的生日聚会带来了避难用品。根据第一段中"For her ninth birthday"可知，这是Mary的生日派对。故选C项。
（9）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.seldom很少；B.still仍然；C.perhaps或许；D.never从不。句意：那些不能来参加她的生日聚会的人仍然赠送礼物。根据后文"so many gifts"可知，Mary收到了很多礼物，虽然有朋友没有来参加聚会，但仍然也带来了庇护所需要的物品。故选B项。
（10）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.cleaned打扫；B.repaired修理；C.stopped停止，阻止；D.filled填满。句意：她有很多礼物，它们装满了她家的卡车!根据后文中"truck"可知，礼物堆满了整个卡车。故选D项。
（11）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.smile微笑；B.pity可怜；C.sigh叹气D.lie 谎言。句意："就像我们要去度假一样。" Mary笑着说。根据上文"so many gilts that they filled her family's truck"可知，Mary可以把一卡车的物资送到庇护所，心情肯定非常高兴。故选A项。
（12）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.remain保持；B.increase增加；C.drop下降；D.burn 燃烧。句意：她说，看着捐款不断增加很开心。根据常识可知，Mary很开心，是因为捐赠物资不断的增加。故选B项。
（13）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.robots机器人；B.supplies物资；C.armchairs扶手椅；D.paintings画。句意：Mary最终为庇护所筹集了650美元的现金捐款和价值1000多美元的用品。根据第三段中"After finding out what supplies the shelter needed"可知，Mary收集了很多物资用品，该题属于原词复现。故选B项。
（14）A.考查连词及语境理解。A.When当……的时候；B.Before在……之前；C.Until直到……才；D.Since自从。句意：当Mary和她的父母一起把物资送到庇护所时，那里的人又给了她一个惊喜，给了她一个生日派对。根据语境可知，庇护所的人们是在他们到达时给Mary的惊喜。故选A项。
（15）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.frightened害怕的；B.worried担心的；C.surprised吃惊的；D.remembered记住的。句意：当Mary和她的父母一起把物资送到庇护所时，那里的人又给了她一个惊喜，给了她一个生日派对。庇护所的人们悄悄给Mary准备了一个生日派对，Mary肯定感到很吃惊。故选C项。
（16）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.made制作；B.sold卖；C.lent借出；D.touched触摸，感动。句意：他们为她做了一个蛋糕，给了她一张每个人都签名的卡片。make a cake为固定搭配，符合题意。故选A项。
（17）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.watch手表；B.ticket票；C.card卡片；D.menu菜单。句意：他们为她做了一个蛋糕，给了她一张每个人都签名的卡片。根据后文"signed by everyone "可知，人们还送了一张全部人员签名的生日贺卡。故选C项。
（18）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.unhappy不开心的；B.forgotten被遗忘的；C.common普通的；D.special特别的。句意：Mary希望其他孩子能听说她特殊的生日，并选择支持他们自己的慈善机构。根据上文，庇护所的人们给Mary过了一个非常有意义的生日，所以这个生日是特别的。故选D项。
（19）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.good好的；B.bored无聊的；C.afraid害怕的；D.hungry饥饿的。句意："当我这么做的时候，我感觉真的很好，"她说。根据语境可知，Mary非常乐意去做这件事情，所以她觉得这样做是很好的；本题中只有good为褒义词。故选A项。
（20）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.asking询问；B.calling打电话；C.visiting参观，拜访；D.helping帮助。句意："你不只是给他们一些东西；你在帮助他们度过一生。"Mary为庇护所的人们收集所需要的物资，这是在帮助他们。故选D项。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人翁Mary受到学校老师的启发，为一所庇护所收集了他们需要的物资，那里的人们也为她准备了一场特别的生日派对，Mary也希望有更多的人可以去帮助有需要的人们。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。
41.【答案】about
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：他对足球着迷，并且很擅长足球，但是他们上次输掉了比赛。根据句意可知，此处意为"对……着迷"，表达为be crazy about，故填about。
（2）考查动词时态。句意：他对足球着迷，并且很擅长足球，但是他们上次输掉了比赛。时间状语为last month，此处应用一般过去时，故填lost。
（3）考查动词不定式。句意：在Ben看来，这是他们的控球后卫的责任。根据句子分析可知，此处为"应受到责备"，表达为be to blame，故填to blame。
（4）考查形容词。句意：对他的行为很失望，Ben将这件事告诉了他最好的朋友。根据句子分析可知，此处应用形容词作状语，说明主语Ben的状态，表示"感到失望的"，且句首单词首字母大写。故填Disappointed。
（5）考查宾语从句。句意：然而，他的好朋友将他说的话告诉了他其他人。根据句子分析可知，此处引导told的宾语从句，从句中缺少said的宾语，意为"什么"，故填what。
（6）考查副词。句意：在Agony Aunt看来，主要是因为他朋友的大嘴巴才让情况变得更糟糕。此作状语修饰is，意为"主要地"，故应用mainly作状语，故填mainly。
（7）考查比较级。句意：在Agony Aunt看来，主要是因为他朋友的大嘴巴才让情况变得更糟糕。结合句意可知，此处表示"更糟糕"，故用比较级，故填worse。
（8）考查形容词。句意：其次，Ben应该告诉他朋友，他对他朋友将他说的话告诉别人，让情况更糟糕这件事很生气，但是他决定不计较了。根据句子分析可知，此处应用形容词"angry生气的"作is的表语，故填angry。
（9）考查连词。句意：其次，Ben应该告诉他朋友，他对他朋友将他说的话告诉别人，让情况更糟糕这件事很生气，但是他决定不计较了。结合句意可知，此处前后为转折关系，故应用连词but，故填but。
（10）考查可数名词的复数。句意：如果他感觉他的队员在拉他们组的后退的话，他就会以一种正式的方式和教练提出这个问题。根据句子分析可知，空前有one of，故此处应用名词的复数，故填teammates。
本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了Ben和朋友发生了矛盾，Agony Aunt给他提出了解决这件事的方法。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
42.【答案】The Internet Has Changed My LifeThe Internet is playing an important part in our lives.All kinds of information are available on the Internet and they are just a click away，so we can learn all we need on the Internet.（开场白）
It seems to me that the Internet has completely changed my life.First of all，it has changed the way I contact people.With QQ，Microblog and WeChat，I can keep in touch with my family members and friends wherever I am.【高分句型一】Secondly，it makes shopping easier，which enables me to do shopping at home.【高分句型二】Thirdly，it makes my life more colorful.I can listen to music，watch movies and play games on the Internet.Besides，I can read various e-books on it.（网络给生活带来的改变）
In a word，the Internet has made a great difference to my life and I can hardly imagine life without the Internet.（总结）
【解析】高分句型一：With QQ，Microblog and WeChat，I can keep in touch with my family members and friends wherever I am.
翻译：有了QQ，微博和微信，无论我在哪里，我都可以和家人和朋友保持联系。
分析：本句运用了wherever引导让步状语从句。
高分句型二：Secondly，it makes shopping easier，which enables me to do shopping at home.
翻译：其次，它使购物更容易，这使我能够在家里购物。
分析：本句运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。
2022-2023学年甘肃省庆阳市宁县重点中学高一（下）期中英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
London，with countless famous sites and all manner of food，drink，shopping，history，and culture，is definitely a wonderful city to visit.
Time Zone
Greenwich Mean Time during the winter，British Summer Time during the rest of the year （starting at Daylight Saving Time）.
Best Time to Go
The best time to visit London overall is in spring，when the temperatures have warmed up，the sun has started to shine and London's gardens and parks are looking their best.However，the reality is that the best time to travel to London depends a lot on what you're looking for.If you're all about taking a look inside Queen Liz's palace，you'd better make it in summer，while winter is beautiful and festive for those looking to get their fill of Christmas markets and traditional cheer.
Things to Know
Londoners，and English people in general，have a much more different manner of interacting with one another than Americans do while an American might think nothing of smiling at a stranger passing on the sidewalk or asking about work in the first few minutes of a conversation.Londoners might consider it impolite or strange.Don't mistake this for unfriendliness；it's just a cultural difference.Instead，talk about things like movies，TV shows，books，your travels，and the like，instead of work or family.
How to Get Around
Getting around London is unbelievably easy thanks to the well-maintained and extensive Underground.The underground，unlike American transportation systems which often pay per ride or pay per length of trip，are paid in zones.Fare also varies based on time of day and the method you use to pay.It's worth getting an Oyster card to make your life that much simpler.
1. What is the best season to visit Queen Liz's palace？ ______
A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Autumn. D. Winter.
2. Which is a suitable topic for starting a conversation with Londoners？ ______
A. A football match. B. A work plan.
C. A family issue. D. A company rule.
3. What is this text？ ______
A. A survey. B. A travel diary.
C. A research paper. D. A guidebook.
B
The day before yesterday，when Peter's family were having dinner，Father raised an interesting question， "Was there anything in our past that we feel ashamed of，guilty about，or regretted？Maybe we can find ways to say sorry，or take some action to right any wrongdoing." This seemed like a very private matter，but Peter thought about it carefully the whole night.
Peter remembered an incident from middle school.In his school，there was a worker，Neil Stone，who none of the kids liked.One night，Peter and two of his classmates decided to play a trick on him.They found a can of red paint，and wrote on the school main road in bright red：Neil Stone is a fool!The next day，the whole school saw these words.Within two hours，Neil had Peter and his two classmates in his office.His classmates said that they had done it but Peter lied and denied the truth.
This morning，Peter went back to his middle school.Neil Stone is still working there. "Sorry，Neil.Do you still remember what happened ten years ago？I want you to know that I did it." "I knew it!' Neil laughed.They had a good laugh and a lively discussion.Neil's closing words were： "Peter，I always felt bad for you because your classmates got it off their mind，and I knew you were carrying it around all these years.I want to thank you for visiting me for your sake."
Peter knows that no matter how difficult the situation is，it is never too late to clear up the past and make a fresh start.
4. What did Peter remember doing in middle school？ ______
A. Something helpful. B. Something unpleasant.
C. Something valuable. D. Something useful.
5. What color were the words "Neil Stone is a fool!"？ ______
A. Dark blue. B. Light green. C. Pure white. D. Bright red.
6. When did Neil know who wrote the words on the school main road？ ______
A. Ten years ago. B. The day before yesterday.
C. This morning. D. Not until Peter told him.
7. What is the best title for this passage？ ______
A. Peter's family
B. An unforgettable lesson
C. It's never too late to say sorry
D. An interesting thing in middle school
C
When gold was discovered in Coloma,California in 1848，news travelled fast and many went there to find their fortune.Before 1849，California was a place focusing mainly on agriculture.As word of the gold discovery spread,many people left their fields to seek their fortune.With more and more travellers arriving,restaurants and hotels were built to feed and accommodate（提供住宿）them.
On the mining sites,men were often forced to cook for themselves since few gold diggers were women.In the early days,both food and riches were plentiful and miners could uncover ＄2，000 worth of gold in just one day.When it came to food,there were plenty of wild animals to be hunted,and meat,beans and coffee could be purchased at a reasonable price.Times appeared to be good.
Over time,because the majority of food in California had to be imported,it became very expensive.Simple foods like eggs and bread were sold for one dollar a piece in 1849.Besides,fruit and vegetables were scarce（缺乏的）.Therefore,many gold diggers couldn't get enough food,and some even had no food at all at last.But the gold diggers also hated to tear themselves away from their search for gold and turned to quick and simple meals that could be cooked over hot ashes.
During the Gold Rush,San Francisco's famous sourdough（酸面团）bread became a main type of food.Miners would often buy a piece in the morning that would be eaten slowly throughout the day.The Boudin family,who came from France,was partly responsible for putting San Francisco sourdough on the map.The Boudin bakery has used the same sourdough,a piece of so-called mother dough since 1849.And when the 1906 earthquake hit,Louise Boudin managed to save some sourdough,ensuring that each piece of bread that came from the bakery would be linked throughout history.So far the Boudin bakery has remained in California,using the sourdough that is the same as the one in 1849.
8. What change took place in California after 1849？ ______
A. The environment got damaged by gold diggers.
B. Gold diggers from outside became its main population.
C. The gold industry pushed each other forward.
D. Business of eating and living developed due to the Gold Rush.
9. What can we infer about gold diggers from Paragraph 3？ ______
A. Many sadly left without any gold.
B. Many had to bring food from home.
C. Many likely ended up with poor health.
D. Many probably turned to unique ingredients.
10. What's Boudin family's contribution to California？ ______
A. Helping discover lots of gold there.
B. Rescuing many people from the earthquake.
C. Creating a type of tasty bread for Califormans.
D. Passing down some food culture in the Gold Rush.
11. What's the best title for the text？ ______
A. The Origin of San Francisco Sourdough
B. The Historical Changes of California
C. The Tough Life of Early Gold Diggers
D. The Rise and Fall of the Gold Rush
D
Children should do housework.That's a controversial（有争议的） idea，though not everyone will admit it.A few parents will say that their children are too busy for housework.Many more of us assign（分派） housework，or say we believe in them，but the housework just doesn't get done.
That's a problem.For starters，housework is good for kids.Being a part of the routine work of running a household helps children develop an awareness of the needs of others，while at the same time contributing to their emotional well-being.
One small study，done over a period of 25 years，found that the best predictor（预测） for young adults' success in their mid-20s was whether they participated in household tasks at age 3 or 4.Those early shared responsibilities extended to a sense of responsibility in other areas of their lives.
But for all that their help matters，few kids are doing much around the house at all.In a survey of 1，000 American adults，75 percent said they believed regular housework made kids "more responsible".Yet while 82 percent reported having had regular housework growing up，only 56 percent of those with children said they required them to do housework.
Sports and homework are not get-out-of-housework-free cards.The goal，after all，is to raise adults who can balance a caring role in their families and communities with whatever lifetime achievement goals they choose.Housework teaches that balance.
What should you do when getting children to do housework？Accept no excuses.Don't worry if you must repeat yourself again and again.If you're spending more time getting the child to do this job than it would take to do it yourself，then you're doing it right.Can a payment help？Maybe.But if you're trying to teach kids to share the responsibility of a home，paying them for routine housework is not the right message.
12. What can we infer from the first paragraph？ ______
A. Very few children get housework done.
B. Children are very busy with housework.
C. Housework is a must-do for parents.
D. Family members should respect each other.
13. What is found in the small study？ ______
A. Housework helps a man live a happy life.
B. A man's success depends on his housework.
C. Housework benefits a sense of responsibility.
D. A child must start doing housework at Age 3.
14. What does the author advise parents to do in the last paragraph？ ______
A. Balance housework and study.
B. Help the child do housework positively.
C. Do housework by themselves.
D. Pay the child for housework.
15. What is the best title of the text？ ______
A. Adults Do Less Housework in the US
B. Housework Matters to Children
C. Parents Words Speak Louder
D. Children Need More Care at Home
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
It is never too late to develop great study habits.However，starting making some changes is hard.Even if you want to do well enough in school and improve your grades，you're probably having trouble getting started in the first place! (16).
Plan your time carefully.Make a list of your weekly tasks.Make a schedule of your time.Then decide on good，regular time for studying. (17)，but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time.
Find a good place to study.Choose one place for your study area.It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library，but it should be comfortable and quiet.When you begin to work，you should be able to concentrate on the subject.
Skim before you read. (18).As you preview the material，you get some idea of the passage and how it is organized.
(19).Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later.Taking notes helps you remember what the teacher says.
Develop a good attitude to tests.The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. (20).Tests provide grades，but they also let you know that you need to spend more time studying.
There are other skills that might help you with your study.Share with your classmates some of the skills you have found to be helpful.
A.Study regularly
B.Make good use of your time in class
C.There are several ways that can help you
D.Develop a positive attitude by setting realistic goals
E.This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems
F.The world won't end if you don't pass a test，so don't worry too much about a test
G.This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
A Happy Birthday for All For her ninth birthday,Mary asked for some unusual birthday gifts such as soap,schoolbags and Towels.But Mary didn't want these(21) for herself.She wanted to give them to other people.
At school,Mary's teacher (22) her students, "You can't always be self-centered.You have to (23) others." Mary's classmates had helped to (24) supplies for a school in Africa.But Mary wanted to do more.With help from (25) parents,Mary researched local charities（慈善机构）and (26) a shelter（庇护所）that helps women and children in need.
After finding out what supplies the shelter (27)， Mary included a list with each party invitation.Mary's friends brought shelter supplies to her (28) party.Those who couldn't come to her birthday party (29) gave gifts.She had so many gifts that they (30) her family's truck! "It was like we were going on vacation." Mary said with a(31) .She said it was fun to watch the pile of donations（捐赠物）(32).Mary collected ﹩ 650 in cash donations and more than ﹩1，000 worth of (33) for the shelter in the end. (34) Mary went with her parents to send the supplies to the shelter,people there (35) her with another birthday party.They had (36) a cake for her and gave her a (37) signed（签名）by everyone there.
Mary hopes other children will hear about her (38) birthday and choose their own charity to support. "I felt really(39) when I did it," she said. "You're not just giving them something；you're (40) them with their whole life."
21. A. books B. bikes C. toys D. gifts
22. A. knew B. liked C. taught D. punished
23. A. look for B. laugh at C. think of D. keep off
24. A. return B. collect C. destroy D. refuse
25. A. my B. her C. your D. our
26. A. found B. missed C. left D. closed
27. A. wasted B. exchanged C. discovered D. needed
28. A. graduation B. dress C. birthday D. office
29. A. seldom B. still C. perhaps D. never
30. A. cleaned B. repaired C. stopped D. filled
31. A. smile B. pity C. sigh D. lie
32. A. remain B. increase C. drop D. burn
33. A. robots B. supplies C. armchairs D. paintings
34. A. When B. Before C. Until D. Since
35. A. frightened B. worried C. surprised D. remembered
36. A. made B. sold C. lent D. touched
37. A. watch B. ticket C. card D. menu
38. A. unhappy B. forgotten C. common D. special
39. A. good B. bored C. afraid D. hungry
40. A. asking B. calling C. visiting D. helping
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）
41. 根据课文完成短文。
Ben，17，is a member of their school basketball team.He is crazy （1） ______ basketball and pretty good at it but they（2） ______ （ lose） their last match.In Ben's opinion，their point guard was （3） ______ （ blame）. （4） ______ （ disappoint） by his behaviour，Ben told this to his best friend.However，his best friend told everyone else （5） ______ he'd said.Ben didn't know what to do，so he asked Agony Aunt for help.
As far as Agony Aunt is concerned，it is （6） ______ （ main） his friend's loose lips that make the situation （7） ______ （ bad）.But it's partly Ben's fault.She suggests that Ben should apologise to his teammate.Secondly，Ben should tell his friend that he is （8） ______ （ anger） with him for repeating what he said and making the situation worse，（ 9） ______ that he wants to move on.Thirdly，Ben should think about his own behaviour and always remember：think first，speak later.If he feels one of his （10） ______ （ teammate） isn't pulling their weight，he will raise his concerns in a professional way with his team coach.
五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
42. 某英文报举办以"The Internet Has Changed My Life"为题目的征文比赛，请你写一篇短文参赛。内容包括：网络给生活带来的改变：比如交流方式、购物方式、娱乐形式等。
注意：
（1）词数 80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
The Internet Has Changed My Life
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由本文Best Time to Go部分中的关键句If you're all about taking a look inside Queen Liz's palace，you'd better make it in summer，（如果你想看看利兹女王的宫殿，你最好在夏天去，）可知对于只想参观利兹女王的宫殿的人来说，夏天最合适，故选B。
（2）推理判断题。由本文Things to Know部分中的关键句Instead，talk about things like movies，TV shows，books，your travels，and the like，instead of work or family.（相反，谈论电影、电视节目、书籍、你的旅行等等，而不是工作或家庭。）可知一场足球比赛这个话题适合和伦敦人开始对话，故选A。
（3）文章体裁题。由本文第一段London，with countless famous sites and all manner of food，drink，shopping，history，and culture，is definitely a wonderful city to visit.（伦敦有无数著名的景点和各种各样的美食、饮料、购物、历史和文化，绝对是一个值得参观的美妙城市。）以及下文可知本文主要说明了游览伦敦的一些建，所以本文应该属于旅行指南，故选D。
这是一篇应用文。文章主要说明了游览伦敦的一些建议。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
4~7.【答案】B、D、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段"Was there anything in our past that we feel ashamed of，guilty about，or regretted？Maybe we can find ways to say sorry，or take some action to right any wrongdoing." （在我们的过去有什么让我们感到羞愧、内疚或后悔的事情吗？也许我们可以找到道歉的方式，或者采取一些行动来纠正任何错误。）可知，彼得在听了父亲的话之后，回忆起发生在中学的不愉快的事情，故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段They found a can of red paint，and wrote on the school main road in bright red：Neil Stone is a fool!（他们找到了一罐红油漆，用鲜红色在学校的主干道上写道：尼尔•斯通是个傻瓜。）可知，"Neil Stone is a fool!"是鲜红色的，故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段Do you still remember what happened ten years ago？I want you to know that I did it.（你还记得十年前发生的事吗？我想让你知道是我干的。）I knew it!（我知道！）可知，尼尔在十年前就知道这几个字是彼得写的，故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。根据最后一段Peter knows that no matter how difficult the situation is，it is never too late to clear up the past and make a fresh start.（彼得知道，无论处境多么艰难，清算过去，重新开始永远都不晚。）可知，本文讲述了彼得在中学时候的一次恶作剧，在十年之后和父亲交谈后，他认识到错误并向当事人道歉的故事。故事告诉我们，说抱歉永远都不晚。C.It's never too late to say sorry.（说抱歉永远都不晚。）为本文最佳标题。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了彼得在中学时候的一次恶作剧，在十年之后和父亲交谈后，他认识到错误并向当事人道歉的故事。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8~11.【答案】D、C、D、A
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第一段中的With more and more travellers arriving,restaurants and hotels were built to feed and accommodate（提供住宿）them.（随着越来越多的游客来到这里，餐馆和旅馆被建造起来供他们吃饭和住宿。）可知，1849年后，随着淘金者的涌人，加利福尼亚的餐饮住宿业发展了起来。故选D。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据第三段中的Therefore,many gold diggers couldn't get enough food,and some even had no food at all at last.But the gold diggers also hated to tear themselves away from their search for gold and turned to quick and simple meals that could be cooked over hot ashes.（因此，许多淘金者无法得到足够的食物，有些人甚至最后没有食物。但淘金者也不愿放弃寻找黄金的工作，转而吃可以在热灰上煮熟的快捷简单的饭菜。）可推断由于食物短缺，淘金者的健康受到影响，身体很可能变差，故选C。
（3）D.细节理解题。根据第四段中的The Boudin bakery has used the same sourdough,a piece of so-called mother dough since 1849.And when the 1906 earthquake hit,Louise Boudin managed to save some sourdough,ensuring that each piece of bread that came from the bakery would be linked throughout history.So far the Boudin bakery has remained in California,using the sourdough that is the same as the one in 1849.（布丹面包房从1849年开始就使用这种酸面团，也就是所谓的"母面团"。1906年地震来袭时，露易丝•布丹设法挽救了一些酸面包，确保了面包店里的每一片面包都与历史相连。到目前为止，布丹面包房仍然留在加州，使用的酸面团与1849年的相同。）可知 Boudin bakery一直使用从淘金热时期延续至今的酸面团，传承了淘金热时期的饮食文化。故选D。
（4）A.标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚淘金热时期出现的一种酸面团面包。因此A项The Origin of San Francisco Sourdough（旧金山酸面包的起源）适合作为标题，故选A。
本文是一篇社会文化类阅读理解。本文主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚淘金热时期出现的一种酸面团面包。
考查社会文化类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
12~15.【答案】A、C、B、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段A few parents will say that their children are too busy for housework.Many more of us assign（分派） housework，or say we believe in them，but the housework just doesn't get done.（少数父母会说他们的孩子太忙，没有时间做家务。我们中更多的人分配家务，或者说我们相信家务，但是家务就是做不完。）可知A．Very few children get housework done.（很少有孩子做家务。）符合题意。故选A项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Those early shared responsibilities extended to a sense of responsibility in other areas of their lives.（这些早期的共同责任延伸到他们生活中其他领域的责任感。）可知，该研究发现做家务活有助于孩子们培养责任意识。故选C项。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段What should you do when getting children to do housework？Accept no excuses.（让孩子做家务时你应该怎么做？不接受任何借口。）可知，作者建议家长给孩子分派家务活时不接受孩子的任何托词，应该让孩子真正去做，行动才是关键。故选B项。
（4）标题归纳题。通读全文可知，第一段首句Children should do housework.（孩子们应该做家务。）为该文的核心话题，并在后文论述了做家务可以给孩子带来的好处。即，本文主要论述做家务活对孩子成长的重要性，助力孩子的责任意识。B项"Housework Matters to Children（家务对儿童至关重要）"贴合主旨。故选B项。
本文是一篇议论文。文章主要以"孩子要做家务"为话题，通过研究和事例，论证做家务对孩子成长的重要性，鼓励家长督促孩子多参与家务活，培养责任意识。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】C、E、G、B、F
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据上文It is never too late to develop great study habits.However，starting making some changes is hard.Even if you want to do well enough in school and improve your grades，you're probably having trouble getting started in the first place! （养成良好的学习习惯永远不晚。然而，开始做一些改变是困难的。即使你想在学校里表现得足够好，提高你的成绩，你很可能在开始的时候就遇到了麻烦！）可知，只要通过正确方法养成良好习惯，就能提高成绩，即以下是具体方法，此项中的 "help"承接上文的"having trouble getting started"，此项的several ways引出下文的5种培养良好学习习惯的方法。C项"There are several ways that can help you.几种方法可以帮助您。"符合语境。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据上文Make a list of your weekly tasks.Make a schedule of your time.Then decide on good，regular time for studying. （列出你每周的任务清单。列出你的时间表。然后决定一个好的、有规律的学习时间。） 以及下文but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time.（但是它会让你更清楚地意识到你是如何度过你的时间的。）可知，讲这样做的好处，空白处要承接上文，又要与后文是转折关系，所以应该填的是周计划存在的缺点，E项"This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems.这个周计划也许不能解决你所有的问题。"符合语境。故选E。
（3）推理判断题。根据上文Skim before you read（读之前先浏览一下）以及下文As you preview the material，you get some idea of the passage and how it is organized.（当你预览这些材料时，你会对这篇文章有一些了解，以及它是如何组织起来的。）可知，如何进行阅读前略读的方法。G项"This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully.意味着在你开始更仔细地阅读之前，快速浏览一篇文章。"符合语境。故选G。
（4）段落大意题。根据后文Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later.Taking notes helps you remember what the teacher says.（在课堂上听老师讲课意味着以后少做功课。记笔记可以帮助你记住老师说的话。）可知，本段说明利用好课堂时间的重要性。根据其他段落首句特征，此处用祈使句，B项"Make good use of your time in class好好利用上课的时间。"符合语境。故选B项。
（5）推理判断题。根据上文Develop a good attitude to tests. （培养对考试的良好态度）以及上文Develop a good attitude to tests.The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject.（培养良好的考试态度。考试的目的是展示你对一门学科所学的知识。）可知，空白处说明对考试应有的正确态度，即不要太担心考试，F项"The world won't end if you don't pass a test，so don't worry too much about a test假如你没有通过考试，世界并不会结束，所以不要太担心考试。"符合语境。故选F。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在学校里如何养成一个好的学习习惯。
"七选五"选择题，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选。得出正确的答案。
21~40.【答案】D、C、C、B、B、A、D、C、B、D、A、B、B、A、C、A、C、D、A、D
【解析】（1）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.books书；B.bikes 自行车；C.toys玩具；D.gifts礼物。句意：但是Mary不想自己要这些礼物。根据前文中的"birthday gifts"可知，这里就是指前文的礼物，该题属于原词复现。故选D项。
（2）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.knew知道；B.liked喜欢；C.taught教；D.punished惩罚。句意：在学校里，Mary的老师教导她的学生："你不能总是以自我为中心。你必须为他人着想。"根据常识可知，在学校里，老师教授学生道理和知识。故选C项。
（3）C.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.look for寻找；B.laugh at嘲笑；C.think of认为，考虑；D.keep off避开，不接近。句意：在学校里，Mary的老师教导她的学生："你不能总是以自我为中心。你必须为他人着想。"根据前文"You can't always be self-centered. "可知，人们不能以自我为中心，要替别人着想。故选C项。
（4）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.return返回；B.collect收集；C.destroy破坏；D.refuse拒绝。句意：Mary的同学们曾帮助非洲的一所学校收集生活用品。根据后文"supplies"可知，生活用品都是学生收集起来，捐赠给非洲的一所学校的。故选B项。
（5）B.考查代词及语境理解。A.my我的；B.her她的；C.your你的；D.our我们的。句意：在她父母的帮助下，Mary调查了当地慈善机构，发现了一个有需要帮助的妇女和儿童的避难所。Mary是一个女孩，所以这里用her。故选B项。
（6）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.found找到，发现；B.missed错过，想念；C.left离开；D.closed关闭。句意：在她父母的帮助下，Mary调查了当地慈善机构，发现了一个有需要帮助的妇女和儿童的庇护所。根据前文的"researched local charities"可知，Mary所帮助的对象是在前期调查中发现的。故选A项。
（7）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.wasted浪费；B.exchanged交换；C.discovered发现；D.needed需要。句意：在了解了庇护所需要的物品后，Mary在每个聚会请柬上都附上了一个清单。根据上文"what supplies the shelter"可知，Mary清单上物资都是这个庇护所需要的。故选D项。
（8）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.graduation毕业；B.dress裙子；C.birthday生日；D.office办公室。句意：Mary的朋友们给她的生日聚会带来了避难用品。根据第一段中"For her ninth birthday"可知，这是Mary的生日派对。故选C项。
（9）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.seldom很少；B.still仍然；C.perhaps或许；D.never从不。句意：那些不能来参加她的生日聚会的人仍然赠送礼物。根据后文"so many gifts"可知，Mary收到了很多礼物，虽然有朋友没有来参加聚会，但仍然也带来了庇护所需要的物品。故选B项。
（10）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.cleaned打扫；B.repaired修理；C.stopped停止，阻止；D.filled填满。句意：她有很多礼物，它们装满了她家的卡车!根据后文中"truck"可知，礼物堆满了整个卡车。故选D项。
（11）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.smile微笑；B.pity可怜；C.sigh叹气D.lie 谎言。句意："就像我们要去度假一样。" Mary笑着说。根据上文"so many gilts that they filled her family's truck"可知，Mary可以把一卡车的物资送到庇护所，心情肯定非常高兴。故选A项。
（12）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.remain保持；B.increase增加；C.drop下降；D.burn 燃烧。句意：她说，看着捐款不断增加很开心。根据常识可知，Mary很开心，是因为捐赠物资不断的增加。故选B项。
（13）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.robots机器人；B.supplies物资；C.armchairs扶手椅；D.paintings画。句意：Mary最终为庇护所筹集了650美元的现金捐款和价值1000多美元的用品。根据第三段中"After finding out what supplies the shelter needed"可知，Mary收集了很多物资用品，该题属于原词复现。故选B项。
（14）A.考查连词及语境理解。A.When当……的时候；B.Before在……之前；C.Until直到……才；D.Since自从。句意：当Mary和她的父母一起把物资送到庇护所时，那里的人又给了她一个惊喜，给了她一个生日派对。根据语境可知，庇护所的人们是在他们到达时给Mary的惊喜。故选A项。
（15）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.frightened害怕的；B.worried担心的；C.surprised吃惊的；D.remembered记住的。句意：当Mary和她的父母一起把物资送到庇护所时，那里的人又给了她一个惊喜，给了她一个生日派对。庇护所的人们悄悄给Mary准备了一个生日派对，Mary肯定感到很吃惊。故选C项。
（16）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.made制作；B.sold卖；C.lent借出；D.touched触摸，感动。句意：他们为她做了一个蛋糕，给了她一张每个人都签名的卡片。make a cake为固定搭配，符合题意。故选A项。
（17）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.watch手表；B.ticket票；C.card卡片；D.menu菜单。句意：他们为她做了一个蛋糕，给了她一张每个人都签名的卡片。根据后文"signed by everyone "可知，人们还送了一张全部人员签名的生日贺卡。故选C项。
（18）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.unhappy不开心的；B.forgotten被遗忘的；C.common普通的；D.special特别的。句意：Mary希望其他孩子能听说她特殊的生日，并选择支持他们自己的慈善机构。根据上文，庇护所的人们给Mary过了一个非常有意义的生日，所以这个生日是特别的。故选D项。
（19）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.good好的；B.bored无聊的；C.afraid害怕的；D.hungry饥饿的。句意："当我这么做的时候，我感觉真的很好，"她说。根据语境可知，Mary非常乐意去做这件事情，所以她觉得这样做是很好的；本题中只有good为褒义词。故选A项。
（20）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.asking询问；B.calling打电话；C.visiting参观，拜访；D.helping帮助。句意："你不只是给他们一些东西；你在帮助他们度过一生。"Mary为庇护所的人们收集所需要的物资，这是在帮助他们。故选D项。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人翁Mary受到学校老师的启发，为一所庇护所收集了他们需要的物资，那里的人们也为她准备了一场特别的生日派对，Mary也希望有更多的人可以去帮助有需要的人们。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。
41.【答案】about
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：他对足球着迷，并且很擅长足球，但是他们上次输掉了比赛。根据句意可知，此处意为"对……着迷"，表达为be crazy about，故填about。
（2）考查动词时态。句意：他对足球着迷，并且很擅长足球，但是他们上次输掉了比赛。时间状语为last month，此处应用一般过去时，故填lost。
（3）考查动词不定式。句意：在Ben看来，这是他们的控球后卫的责任。根据句子分析可知，此处为"应受到责备"，表达为be to blame，故填to blame。
（4）考查形容词。句意：对他的行为很失望，Ben将这件事告诉了他最好的朋友。根据句子分析可知，此处应用形容词作状语，说明主语Ben的状态，表示"感到失望的"，且句首单词首字母大写。故填Disappointed。
（5）考查宾语从句。句意：然而，他的好朋友将他说的话告诉了他其他人。根据句子分析可知，此处引导told的宾语从句，从句中缺少said的宾语，意为"什么"，故填what。
（6）考查副词。句意：在Agony Aunt看来，主要是因为他朋友的大嘴巴才让情况变得更糟糕。此作状语修饰is，意为"主要地"，故应用mainly作状语，故填mainly。
（7）考查比较级。句意：在Agony Aunt看来，主要是因为他朋友的大嘴巴才让情况变得更糟糕。结合句意可知，此处表示"更糟糕"，故用比较级，故填worse。
（8）考查形容词。句意：其次，Ben应该告诉他朋友，他对他朋友将他说的话告诉别人，让情况更糟糕这件事很生气，但是他决定不计较了。根据句子分析可知，此处应用形容词"angry生气的"作is的表语，故填angry。
（9）考查连词。句意：其次，Ben应该告诉他朋友，他对他朋友将他说的话告诉别人，让情况更糟糕这件事很生气，但是他决定不计较了。结合句意可知，此处前后为转折关系，故应用连词but，故填but。
（10）考查可数名词的复数。句意：如果他感觉他的队员在拉他们组的后退的话，他就会以一种正式的方式和教练提出这个问题。根据句子分析可知，空前有one of，故此处应用名词的复数，故填teammates。
本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了Ben和朋友发生了矛盾，Agony Aunt给他提出了解决这件事的方法。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
42.【答案】The Internet Has Changed My LifeThe Internet is playing an important part in our lives.All kinds of information are available on the Internet and they are just a click away，so we can learn all we need on the Internet.（开场白）
It seems to me that the Internet has completely changed my life.First of all，it has changed the way I contact people.With QQ，Microblog and WeChat，I can keep in touch with my family members and friends wherever I am.【高分句型一】Secondly，it makes shopping easier，which enables me to do shopping at home.【高分句型二】Thirdly，it makes my life more colorful.I can listen to music，watch movies and play games on the Internet.Besides，I can read various e-books on it.（网络给生活带来的改变）
In a word，the Internet has made a great difference to my life and I can hardly imagine life without the Internet.（总结）
【解析】高分句型一：With QQ，Microblog and WeChat，I can keep in touch with my family members and friends wherever I am.
翻译：有了QQ，微博和微信，无论我在哪里，我都可以和家人和朋友保持联系。
分析：本句运用了wherever引导让步状语从句。
高分句型二：Secondly，it makes shopping easier，which enables me to do shopping at home.
翻译：其次，它使购物更容易，这使我能够在家里购物。
分析：本句运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。
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