初中Unit 8 Life in the future优秀练习题

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Unit 8 Life in the future
单元小结
知识目录


学习目标： 能阅读描述未来生活的文章。
语法目标：学习过去进行时态的用法。
写作目标： 写出未来生活的一篇小短文。
目录
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式
要点1 apology的用法 练习
要点2 excuse的用法 练习
要点3 relax的用法 练习
要点4 fail用法 练习
要点5 present用法 练习
要点6 wide用法 练习
要点7 recently用法 练习
要点8 While与when区别 练习
要点9 prepare的用法小结 练习
要点10 both...and... …的用法 练习
要点11 satisfy的用法 练习
要点12 本单元词组的用法 练习
知识要点二、语法
要点1 过去进行时态 练习
知识要点三、书面表达
要点1 话题分析 15
要点2 词汇短语积累 15
要点3句式积累 16
要点4实战演练 16
知识要点一、重点单词，短语和句式


【精讲精练】
一、重点单词，短语和句式
要点 1. apology
apology n. 道歉
【例句】
We received a letter of apology. 我们收到了一封道歉信。
【拓展】
(1)apologize v. 道歉
Why should I apologize? 我为什么要道歉呢？
(2)make an apology to sb. 向某人道歉
(3)apologize to sb. 向某人道歉
Go and apologize to her.=Go and make an apology to her. 去向她道歉。
(4)apologize for sth. 因某事道歉
We apologize for the late departure of this flight. 我们为这次航班的延迟起飞而道歉。
(5)apologize to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉
We apologize to you for our impoliteness. 我们为我们的不礼貌行为向您道歉。
【典例分析】
1.We received a letter of___________（ apology）
2.We have _____________（ apology） to you for our impoliteness
3—It’s hard for me to make_________ （ apology） to others.
4.我为我所说的向他道歉。
I _________ ________ __________ to him for what I said.
【答案】1.apology 2.apologized 3.apologies 4.made an apology

要点 2. Excuse
excuse n.借口；辩解
【例句】
There is no excuse for such behaviour. 不要为这样的行为找借口。
【拓展】
(1)excuse v. 原谅；宽恕
Now if you’ll excuse me, I’ve got work to do. 请见谅，这会儿我有工作要做。
(2)excuse for sth./doing sth. 做某事的借口/理由
His excuse for forgetting her birthday was that he had lost his diary.
他为忘记她的生日所找的理由是，他丢了日记本。
3)excuse sb. for sth./doing sth. 原谅某人(做)某事
I hope you’ll excuse me for being so late. 我希望你能原谅我迟到了这么久。
【典例分析】
1.His_________ for being late was that there was a road accident.
A. apology B. excuse C. message
2.I wonder why he has so many__________ (excuse) every time.
3.我希望你能原谅我迟到了这么久。
I hope you’ll ________ _________ ______ ___________so late.
【答案】 1.B 2.excuses 3.excuse me for being

要点3 relax
(1) relaxed是形容词，意为“某人感到轻松、放松、不受拘束的”。指某人“感到”轻松。通常用来形容人。有类似用法的词有interested\excited\surprised\bored\tired。例如：
He is feeling relaxed. = He is relaxed. 他感到很轻松。
The song can make me relaxed. 这首歌让我感到轻松。
(2) relaxing是形容词，意为“某事情令人轻松的”，指某事或者某物“令人”轻松。通常用来修饰物或事。有类似用法的词有interesting\exciting\surprising\boring\tiring。例如：
The song is relaxing. 这首歌真使人轻松。
You can listen to relaxing music in the bath!
你可以边洗澡边听（令人）轻松的音乐。

【典例分析】
1. 1.Listening to some ________ songs or staying with friends always makes us ________ .
A. relaxing; relaxing B. relaxing; relaxed
C. relaxed; relaxed D. relaxed; relaxing
【答案】B
【解析】句意：和朋友们一起听着令人放松的歌曲总是让我很放松。
考查形容词辨析。relaxing令人放松的；relaxed放松的。第一空表示音乐的特点是“令人放松的”，故用-ing形式的形容词；第二空表示人很放松的状态，故用-ed形式的形容词作宾补。故选B。
2. As soon as I heard the news that I passed the driving test, I felt _____ at once.
A. angry B. relaxed C. afraid D. nervous
【答案】B
【解析】句意: 一听到驾驶考试通过的消息，我立刻感到轻松了。考查形容词不辨析。A. angry生气的; 愤怒的，发怒的 ；B. relaxed 轻松的；自在的；无拘无束的；舒适的； C. afraid恐怕；害怕的；担心的；D. nervous神经质的；紧张不安的；焦虑的。结合句意和语境可知选B。
3.In the future, robots will do jobs in place of people in order not to get us .
A. bored; bored B. boring; boring
C. boring; bored D. bored; boring
【答案】C
【解析】句意：在未来，机器人将会代替人做无聊的工作，为了不使我们无聊。根据boring无聊的，通常修饰事情或物；bored 无聊的，通常指人感到无聊；故选C
4.—We all like Mr. Wang.
—I agree with you. He always makes his English classes　 　.
A. interested 　 B. interest　 C. interesting
【答案】C。interested有趣的，修饰人；interesting有趣的，修饰物。his English classes指物故用C。
5.Mr. Wang is an _______ man .He is __________ in telling jokes .
A. interesting , interested B. interested , interesting
C. interesting , interesting D. interested , interested
【答案】D 句意：王先生是个有趣的人。他对讲笑话很感兴趣。都是修饰人故选D。
要点4
fail的用法
（1）作为动词，意为“失败；未能及格；未能达到”，既是及物动词，也是不及物动词。
常见用法如下：
①fail（in）sth. “（在某方面）失败”，如fail (in) the exam, “考试不及格”。
②fail to do sth.“没能成功做成某事”
③fail in doing sth.“在做某事方面失败”
（2）其名词为failure,意为“失败”。
【典例分析】
1.___________(fail )is the mother of success.
【答案】failure 名词。
2.The doctor failed ______ ________ （save）the dog.
【答案】to save
3.如果你不努力学习，你将考试不及格。
If you don’t study hard, you will_________ _________ _________ __________.
【答案】fail in the exam
4.他今早没有赶上第一班公交车。
He ________ _______ ________ the first bus this morning.
【答案】failed to catch/failed in catching
要点 5.present
present n.目前；现在
【例句】
I know nothing about the case at present.=I know nothing about the case for the time being. 我目前对这起案件一无所知。
【拓展】
(1)present n. 礼物
What present will you give her on her birthday? 她生日你要送她什么礼物？
(2)present adj. 目前的；出席的
We should take the present situation into consideration. 我们必须考虑目前的形势。
(3)at present=now=at the present time此刻；现在
I don’t need the dictionary at present. 我现在不需要这本字典。
(4)present sb. with sth.=present sth. to sb. 赠予某人某物
He presented his wife with a diamond necklace.=He presented a diamond necklace to his wife.
他送给他的妻子一条钻石项链。
【典例分析】
1.All the people __________at the party were his supporters.
A. presented B. thankful C. interested
2.Mr Li is busy__________ ___________ (现在). Can you ring him later?
3.她生日时你要送她什么礼物？
_________ ________ will you give her on her birthday?
4.你必须忘掉过去，开始现在的生活。
You must forget _________ _________ and start living ________ _________ _________.
【答案】1.A present 在场的。 2.at present 目前，现在。3.What present .present 礼物。
4.the past in the present
5.Tim saved two students in the fire. The headmaster will ________ the prize to him at the meeting. 
A. promise                B. practise    C. prepare                D. present
【答案】本题考查动词辨析。promise 意为“保证；承诺”，practise意为“练习”，prepare意为“准备”， present意为“授予”，结合语境可知应选D。
6 我的朋友送给我一把漂亮的扇子作为礼物。
My friend gave me a beautiful fan _________ _________ ______________.
【答案】as a present
7 上次参加会议的人比这次多。
More people ___________ _________ the meeting last time than this time.
【答案】were presented
8 他们现在正在参观巴黎。
They are visiting Paris __________ __________.
【答案】at present

要点 6. wide
wide adj. 宽的；宽阔的
【例句】
How wide is the river? 这条河有多宽？
【拓展】
(1)wide adv. 宽地(指具体的宽度)
Please open your mouth wide. 请把你的嘴巴张大。
(2)widely adv. 广泛地；宽地(指抽象的广度)
English is the most widely spoken language in the world. 英语是世界上使用最广泛的语言。
(3)width n. 宽度
Your bed is the same width as mine. 你的床的宽度跟我的一样。
(4)widen v. 拓宽；加宽
He had an operation last year to widen a heart artery. 去年他做了一个扩张心脏动脉的手术。
【典例分析】
1.This couple have strange habits. The man would like to sleep with the lamp burning and his wife with the window__________.
A. wide open B. widely open C. wide opened
2.Mobile phone is________(wide)used in the world now.
【答案】1.B 2.widely
要点 7. recently
recently adv.（= not long ago）最近
I haven’t seen him recently. 我最近没看见过他。
【同根词】recent adj.最近的
Our teacher has changed a lot in recent years. 我们老师最近几年变了很多。
【典例分析】
1.My partner and I have both ______________(recent)lost our jobs in the city.
2.Her books have gained popularity__________(recent).
3.Our teacher has changed a lot in __________(recent)years.
【答案】1.recently 2.recently 3.recent
要点 8. While与when区别
while conj. 在……期间；当……的时候
【例句】
He was doing homework while I was cooking. 当我在做饭的时候，他在做家庭作业。
【辨析】while与when
while 和 when都可以表示“当……的时候”。
(1)when后面可以接延续性动词和短暂性动词，若主从句表达将来发生的事情，要遵从“主将从现”原则；如果从句动作为过去时而且是短暂性动词，则主句用过去进行时。
I came in when/while he was reading. 他在看书时我走了进来。
He was reading when I came in. 我走进来时他正在看书。
When he comes back tomorrow, I will ring you up. 他明天回来的时候，我会打电话给你。
(2)while后面只能接延续性动词，常用进行时态；如若主句的动作也是延续性的，则构成“...be doing while...be doing...”。
Mum was washing clothes while Dad was reading a newspaper. 爸爸在看报纸的时候，妈妈在洗衣服。
【拓展】
(1)while n. 一会儿
She likes to lie down for a while after lunch. 她喜欢午饭后躺一会儿。
2)while conj. 而；然而(表示对比)
Some people waste food while others haven’t enough. 有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。

【典例分析】
1.There is plenty of rain in the south_______ there is little in the north in China.
A. while B. as C. when
2.—_________did the bell ring?
— _________we were having dinner, the bell rang.
A. While; When B. When; While C. While; While
3.当我在做饭的时候，他在做家庭作业。
He _________ ___________homework __________ I was cooking.
4.我走进来时他正在看书。
He __________ ___________ _________ I came in.
【答案】1.A 表示“对比”而when 无此意思。 2. B When 什么时候。“当。。。时候”
3.was doing while 表示两件事情同时发生。 4.was reading when

要点 9. prepare
prepare v.使(自己)有准备
【例句】
We must prepare for the worst. 我们必须做最坏的打算。
【拓展】
(1)prepared adj. 准备好的
We must be prepared for new responsibility. 我们必须准备担起新的责任。
(2)unprepared adj. 没准备好的
Although he was unprepared, he passed the test with a “B” grade.
虽然他没有充分准备好，他还是通过了考试并得了“B”。
(3)prepare for=be/get ready for 为……准备好
He told us to prepare for resisting the enemy attack.=He told us to be/get ready for resisting the enemy attack.
他让我们做好准备以抵抗敌人的进攻。
【典例分析】
1.He was well __________(prepare)to start the game.
2.All the students are_____________ (prepare) for the final exam now.
3.学生们正忙着准备期末考试。
The students are busy _________ __________the final exam.
【答案】1.prepared 2.preparing 3.preparing for
4. —What are you doing，Mike?
—Oh，I'm ________the final English exam.
A. making for B. preparing for
C. looking for D. caring for
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——迈克，你正在做什么？——哦，我正在准备英语期末考试。考查动词短语及现在进行时。A. making for走向、促进；B. preparing for准备；C. looking for寻找；D. caring for关心、照顾。根据语境—What are you doing，Mike?—Oh，I'm ________the final English exam.可知句子时态要用现在进行时，由句意“——迈克，你正在做什么？——哦，我正在准备英语期末考试。”可知B选项符合题意，故答案选B。
5．—The classroom is so quiet.
—Yes, all the students _______ for the final exam.
A．prepare B．prepared C．will prepare D．are preparing
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——教室里是那么安静。——是的，所有学生正在准备期末考试。
考查动词时态。根据“The classroom is so quiet.”的语境可知，空处的动作应是正在进行，故句子应用现在进行时，构成形式为：be doing；主语“all the students”是复数形式，助动词应用are；prepare的现在分词是preparing。故选D。
要点10
both...and... …和…(两者)都
both...and... 意为“……和……(两者)都”,用于连接两个并列的句子成分。作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Both Kate and Tom are from Class Three, Grade One.凯特和汤姆都来自一年级三班。
Lucy can speak both Italian and Greek.露西既会讲意大利语又会讲希腊语。
【知识拓展】
not only...but also...
不但……而且……
连接并列成分,当连接并列主语时,谓语动词与 but also后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致
neither...nor...
既不……也不……
连接两个主语时,谓语动词与nor后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致
either...or...
或者……或者……
连接两个主语时，谓语动词与or后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致
Not only you but also Li Lei is coming here.
不但你,而且李雷也要来这儿
★ Neither Lily nor I am a student.莉莉和我都不是学生
★ Tom can neither play the piano nor play chess.
汤姆既不会弹钢琴也不会下国际象棋。
★ You can either stay at home or go shopping on Sunday.星期天你可以待在家里或者去购物。
★ Either you or I am wrong.不是你错了,就是我错了
【典例分析】
1. —Which show do you prefer, Running Man or The Reader?
—The Reader, of course. ________ I ________ my brother likes it.
A. Both; and B. Neither; nor C. Either; or D. Not only; but also
【答案】D　
【解析】 both...and……和……都；neither...nor既不……也不；either...or或者……或者；not only...but also不但……而且。根据句意推断A和D项都符合句意，both...and连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数；not only...but also连接并列主语时，谓语动词形式遵循“就近原则”，根据句中likes推断选D。
2.—What have you learnt after three years' study in China, Maria?
—I was taught ________ knowledge ________ good manners.
A．either; or B．both; and C．neither; nor D．not; but
【答案】B　
【解析】考查短语辨异。A．either; or 或者…或者。 B．both， and 和…(两者)都 C．neither; nor 既不。。。也不 D．not; but 不是。。。而是。 根据句意：我不仅学到了知识，还学到了礼貌。故答案选B
3----Jim, how do your parents like country music?
----_____ my dad _____ my mom likes it. They both like country music.
A．Either, or B．Neither, nor C．Not only, but also D．Both, and
【答案】C
【解析】句意：--蒂姆，你的父母觉得乡村音乐怎么样？--不但爸爸喜欢，而且妈妈也不喜欢，他们都喜欢乡村音乐。根据后半句：他们都喜欢乡村音乐，either…or 或者…或者，表示两者之一；neither…nor 两者都不，既不，也不；Not only…but also 不仅…而且；both …and 两个都，主语是两个人。Not only…but also…… 句型要根据最近的主语确定谓语动词，本题中的 likes 是第三人称单数，故选C。
完成句子not only ….. but also neither……nor either…… or both……and
4.在学校老师们不仅给我们传播知识而且还教我们如何做人。
At school teachers teach us ________ _________ knowledge_______ _______ how to be good.
5．他和我还没有看过这部电影。
__________ he ___________ I __________ ____________ the film yet.
6. 只有一张入场券，杰克和你当中只能一个人去看时装展。
There is only one ticket. ________ Jack ________ you will go to the fashion show.
7. 肯特和孩子们都不想去动物园。
_________ Kent _________ the children wanted to go to the zoo.
8,John 和Peter 在电影院看见Jolie 时，都很吃惊
_______ ________ John ______ ________ Peter ________ surprised when they saw Jolie in the cinema.
_______ John ______ Peter ________ surprised when they saw Jolie in the cinema.
9, 只有一个座位，要不你去，要不我去。
There is only one seat, ________ you _______ I can go.
【答案】4.not only but also 5.Neither nor have seen 6.either or 7.Both and 8.Not only but also was
Both and were 9.either or
要点11
satisfy v. 使满意
satisfy sb. = please sb. 使某人满意
Some people are hard to satisfy. 有些人是很难使其满意的。
【同根词】satisfied adj.（= pleased）满意的
We were quite satisfied with our new flat. 我们对我们的新公寓相当满意。
【典例分析】
1.—It is really hard to _______ all of them because each of them has different needs.
—I agree with you.
A．relax B．help C．satisfy
2.She’s never （satisfy） with what she’s got. 她对自己所得到的从不感到满足。
3.We are not these results. 我们对这些结果并不满意。
【答案】C / satisfied / satisfied with
要点12
at the front 在前面
in the shape of ……的形状
both ... and ... 意为“……和……都；不但…… 而且……；既……又……”，
【典例分析】
1.为了能占个靠前的位置，她提早到了。
She arrived early to secure a place _______ ________ ________.
2.游泳池呈心形。
The swimming pool was _________ _________ _________ _________ a heart.
3.我和她都擅长英语。
________ she ________ I __________good at English.
【答案】 1.at the front 2.in the shape of 3.Both and are
要点 13
be connected to 与……相连
be satisfied with 对……感到满意
mix ... with ... (使……与……)相混
break down 停止运转；出故障
【典例分析】
1.厨房和客厅是连着的。
The kitchen ________ ________ _______ the living room.
2. 听说和读写有密切的关系。
Listening and speaking __________ closely ________ _________ reading and writing.
3.油不能和水混合在一起。
Oil can’t __________ __________ _________ water.
4.我的电脑出故障了。
My computer ___________ _________.
5.老师对我们的成绩很满意。
The teacher _________ _________ __________ our grades.
【答案】1.is connected to 2.is connected with 3.be mixed with 4.broke down 5.is satisfied with
知识要点二、语法


1. 过去进行时的构成：
肯定句形式：主语+was/were+动词的现在分词.
否定句形式：主语+was not(wasn’t)/were not(weren’t)+动词的现在分词.
一般疑问句形式：Was/Were+主语+动词的现在分词?
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+was/were.
否定回答：No, 主语+was not (wasn’t)/ were not (weren’t).
2. 过去进行时的基本用法：
(1)过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常用的时间状语有：at that time/ moment, (at)this time yesterday(last night/ Sunday/week …), at+几点钟+yesterday(last night / Sunday …)，when sb. did sth. 等。
(2)when和while表示“当……的时候”时，when后面通常接短暂性动词的一般时态，while后面通常接持续性动词的进行时态。

【典例分析】
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. While we ________________(wait)for the bus, a girl ________ (run)up to us.
【答案】was waiting ran. 当一件事情正在进行时，另一件事情发生了。
2. I ________________(telephone)a friend when Bob____________ (come)in.
【答案】was telephoning came when 后面一般是非延续性动词。
3. Jim ___________(jump)on the bus as it __________ (move)away.
【答案】jumped was moving
4. While mother _______________(put)Cathy to bed, the door bell ___________(ring).
【答案】was putting rang
5. As I _____________ (walk)in the park, it _________(begin)to rain.
【答案】was walking began
6. We _______________(test)the new machine when the electricity __________(go)off.
【答案】was testing went
7. He said he _____________ (help) his sister with homework at that time.
【答案】was helping
8. While we _____________ (wait) for the bus, an old man fell down.
【答案】were waiting

知识要点三、书面表达


【话题分析】
用对比的方法谈论过去，未来的生活。
【短语积累】
1. 将来 2. 曾经
3. 外出 4. 看起来像…
5. 对……感兴趣 6. 为…感到自豪
7. 持续 8. 长大
9. 梦想；渴望 10. 实现
11.最喜欢的爱好 12.在晴朗的夜晚
13.以一种生动的方式 14.超过
15.实现某人的梦想 16.把……变成……
【答案】
1.in the future 2.used to 3.go outside 4.look like 5.become interested in 6.be proud of
7.last for 8.grow up 9.dream of 10.come true 11.favorite hobby 12.on clear nights
13.in a lively way 14.more than 15.achieve one’s dream 16.turn…into…
【句式积累】
翻译下列句子
1. 我曾经集了很多邮票。
【答案】I used to collect a lot of stamps.
2. 我最喜欢的爱好是看书。
【答案】My favourite hobby is reading books.
3. 我更喜欢一个人读书。
【答案】I prefer to read by myself.
4. 我喜欢阅读是因为它帮助我更多地认识这个世界。
【答案】I like reading because it helps me learn more about the world.
5. 我将来想当一名作家。
【答案】I would like to be a writer in the future.
6.当我回到家的时候，妈妈正在做晚餐。
【答案】When I got home, my mother was cooking dinner.
7.我曾经不常早起，但现在我习惯了早睡早起。
【答案】I didn’t use to get up early, but now I’m used to going to bed early and getting up early.
8. 她吃晚饭，我看电视。
【答案】I was watching TV while she was having supper.
9. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。
【答案】I spent two hours on this Maths problem.
10. 当她独自一个人的时候，她会感到孤独
【答案】She will feel lonely when she is alone.
【实战演练】
话题八 谈论未来生活
随着人类不断地探索和科技的进步，未来世界将如何在智能化、自动化、环境友好化中得到可持续发展呢？请根据下面的提示，以“Life in the future”为题，写一篇关于未来生活的短文。70~80个词。
内容包括：1. 机器人应用技术得以发展；
2. 交通高智能化分配管理；
3. 环境污染得到有效控制。
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【写作指导】
此篇作文属于提示性命题作文，要求根据提示信息写一篇说明文，主要内容是描写未来的生活。写作内容渗透着本单元的话题和语言目标——谈论未来生活。
在写作过程中要明确以下几点：
1. 全文时态可以采用一般将来时和一般现在时。
2. 注意长短句的交替使用，以增强文章的可读性。
Life in the future
In the future, we will live in a peaceful and beautiful world.
Robots will prepare meals for us. And we can change the menu by sending personal information to the Central Market. Then robots will finish the rest things.
The traffic has changed beyond people’s imagination. You will no longer worry about traffic jams or accidents though there are no traffic lights or police on the way.
Cars which are going at 180 kilometres an hour are all computer-programmed.
The air is fresh. Flowers smell nice and birds sing happily. All the factories have moved underground. The air pollution has become something of the past.