【期末专题复习】（牛津译林版）2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期：专题10 首字母填空（最新名校期末精选）练习（原卷+解析）

这是一份【期末专题复习】（牛津译林版）2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期：专题10 首字母填空（最新名校期末精选）练习（原卷+解析），文件包含期末专题复习牛津译林版2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期专题10首字母填空最新名校期末精选解析版docx、期末专题复习牛津译林版2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期专题10首字母填空最新名校期末精选原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共47页， 欢迎下载使用。

专题10 首字母填空20篇（最新名校期末精选）（解析版）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、短文首字母填空
（2022春·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）Gulliver’s Travels tells the story of Lemuel Gulliver, a ship’s doctor. He has the most unbelievable e___1___ on his travels. The story is told by Gulliver himself and every journey he makes ends w___2___ his ship being broken or attacked by pirates. Each time this happens Gulliver finds h___3___ in a strange land with even stranger people.
Its writer, Jonathan Swift, was born into a poor family in Dublin, Ireland. His mother couldn’t afford to raise her children, s___4___ she left her children in the care of relatives. His life experiences made a great difference to his w___5___. In his works, he had pity on the poor and hated the rich and powerful.
The book was a s___6___ when first published and is still popular today because both young readers and adults e___7___ it. This is because it can be enjoyed as a young reader’s fantasy story about travel and adventure and also as a political satire （讽刺）for adults.
In fact, Gulliver’ Travels is a travel book and Gulliver is a great adventurer. He always wants to leave h___8___ and travel on the seas another time. All these make the book a classic. So people are never t___9___ while reading.
At the end of the story Gulliver finally ends his travels but he is strongly c___10___ by them. He learns that there are many different ideas of what makes a civilized（文明的）society and that we must not feel superior（优越的） to others because they are different.
—Taken from Gulliver’s Travels

【答案】
1．(e)xperiences 2．(w)ith 3．(h)imself 4．(s)o 5．(w)orks/(w)riting/(w)ritings 6．(s)uccess/(s)urprise 7．(e)njoy 8．(h)ome 9．(t)ired 10．(c)hanged

【导语】本文介绍一本故事书——《格列佛游记》。
1．句意：他在旅行中有最令人难以置信的经历。根据“Gulliver’s Travels tells the story of Lemuel Gulliver, a ship’s doctor.”及首字母提示可知，此处讲的是“他的经历”，experience“经历”，是名词，此处表示泛指，名词用复数形式，故填(e)xperiences。
2．句意：他每一次旅行都以他的船被海盗破坏或袭击而告终。根据“ends...his ship being broken or attacked by pirates”及首字母提示可知，此处是end with“以……结束”，故填(w)ith。
3．句意：每次发生这种情况，格列佛都会发现自己身处一片陌生的土地，身边有更多的陌生人。根据“Each time this happens Gulliver finds ...in a strange land with even stranger people.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“发现自己身处一片陌生的土地”，应用反身代词，故填(h)imself。
4．句意：他的母亲负担不起抚养孩子的费用，所以她把孩子留给亲戚照顾。空格前后是因果关系，后句表示结果，应用so连接，故填(s)o。
5．句意：他的生活经历对他的作品/写作产生了巨大的影响。根据“His life experiences made a great difference to his...”及首字母提示可知，生活经历对他的作品/写作产生了影响，work“作品”，writing“写作”，都是名词，此处用单数或复数形式均可，表示一部作品或泛指多部，故填(w)orks/(w)riting(s)。
6．句意：这本书首次出版时是一个成功/惊喜，今天仍然很受欢迎，因为年轻读者和成年人都喜欢它。根据“when first published and is still popular today because both young readers and adults”及首字母提示可知，这本书一出版就很成功，就很让人吃惊，此处应用单数名词，故填(s)uccess/(s)urprise。
7．句意：因为年轻读者和成年人都喜欢它。“is still popular today”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是enjoy“喜欢”，主语是复数名词，动词用原形，故填(e)njoy。
8．句意：他总想改天离开家到海上去旅行。根据“travel on the seas”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“离开家”，home“家”，故填(h)ome。
9．句意：。所以人们在阅读时从不感到疲倦。根据“All these make the book a classic.”及首字母提示可知，因为是经典，所以阅读时从不厌倦，tired“疲倦的”，故填(t)ired。
10．句意：在故事的最后，格列佛终于结束了他的旅行，但他被他们强烈地改变了。根据“He learns that there are many different ideas of what makes a civilized（文明的）society and that we must not feel superior（优越的） to others because they are different.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是change“改变”，此处是被动结构，动词用过去分词形式，故填(c)hanged。
（2022秋·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，每空一词。
We always get selfless love from people, especially from our mothers. Here’s a story which expresses what’s a mother’s love.
“Can I see my baby?” the h____11____ new mother asked.
The doctor gasped（抱给）her the baby, then t____12____ around quickly and looked out of the tall hospital window. The mother realized something, but she didn’t stop. She m____13____ the cloth to look upon her baby’s tiny face the first time. And she the first time knew the baby had no e____14____ She cried, knowing her baby would have a h____15____ life.
Time says that the baby’s hearing was perfect. It was only his looks that was s____16____, and it always hurt him because he was called a freak（怪物）by other children. Every time it happened, the mother would tell her son to believe in himself, and had a strong feeling of k____17____ in her heart.
“You can do n____18____ to help my son?” The boy’s father met with an ear expert（专家）one day.
“I think I can graft（移植）on a pair of outer ears when it’s possible, ” the expert decided. Two years went by. One day, the father said to his son, “You’re going to the h____19____, son. Mother and I have someone who will donate the ears you need.”
“Who gives me so much?” the boy asked.
“But the agreement（合同）is that you are not to know. It’s a s_____20_____,”said the father. The operation （手术）was a great success, and a new person grew.
The years kept their secret until the day came. The boy stood with his father over his mother’s bed. Slowly, the father raised the thick, brown hair to show that she had no outer ears.

【答案】
11．(h)appy 12．(t)urned 13．(m)oved 14．(e)ars 15．(h)ard 16．(s)trange 17．(k)indness 18．(n)othing 19．(h)ospital 20．(s)ecret

【导语】本文讲述的一个男孩因为天生没有外耳而被同伴嘲笑，为了儿子的未来，妈妈毅然把自己的外耳给了自己的孩子，同时为了孩子没有负担而选择不告诉他。这个秘密终于在妈妈去世的时候揭晓了。母爱是神圣而伟大的。
11．句意：“我可以看看我的宝宝吗？”初为人母的她开心地问道。结合语境，根据前一句““Can I see my baby?””可知，妈妈想看看自己的刚出生的宝宝，所以可以推测，妈妈很开心。表达“开心的”用单词happy。故填(h)appy。
12．句意：医生把婴儿抱给她，然后快速地转过身，从高高的医院窗户向外看。根据前一句“The doctor gasped（抱给）her the baby,”可知，医生把婴儿抱给妈妈。根据后半句“and looked out of the tall hospital window.”可知，医生从高高的医院窗户向外看，所以可以推测，医生把孩子给妈妈后转身向窗外看。表达“转身”用短语turn around，因为这是一个故事，所以用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(t)urned。
13．句意：她第一次把布移开去看她婴儿的小脸。根据前文“The doctor gasped（抱给）her the baby…he mother realized something, but she didn’t stop.”可知，妈妈从医生那里抱到自己刚出生的婴儿，妈妈要看自己的孩子，按常理，要把裹着婴儿的布移开。表达“移开”用单词move，结合上下文是一般过去时，所以用move的过去式。故填(m)oved。
14．句意：而且她第一次知道婴儿没有耳朵，她哭了。根据下文“‘I think I can graft（移植）on a pair of outer ears when it’s possible…Mother and I have someone who will donate the ears you need.’”可知，刚出生的婴儿没有耳朵。故填(e)ars。
15．句意：知道她的孩子会过得很艰难。根据“And she the first time knew the baby had no…”可知，妈妈意识到自己的孩子没有耳朵，所以意识到自己的孩子会过得很艰难。表达“艰难的”用单词hard。故填(h)ard。
16．句意：仅仅因为他的奇怪的外貌总是伤害他，因为他被其他孩子称为怪物。根据后半句“…and it always hurt him because he was called a freak（怪物）by other children.”可知，其他人觉得他是怪物，所以此处想要表达“外貌很奇怪”。表达“奇怪的”用单词strange。故填(s)trange。
17．句意：每次这样的事发生，妈妈总是会告诉她的儿子相信他自己，并且在她的心中有一种强烈的善良感。结合全文可知，妈妈很善良，把自己的耳朵捐赠给自己的耳朵，所以心怀善意。表达“善良”用名词kindness。故填(k)indness。
18．句意：你帮不了我儿子？根据下文“The boy’s father met with an ear expert（专家）one day. “I think I can graft（移植）on a pair of outer ears when it’s possible, ” the expert decided.”可知，爸爸遇到专家后，想问问专家是否能帮到儿子，因为是陈述句的语序，所以用这种反问的语气。故填(n)othing。
19．句意：你将要去医院，儿子。根据下一句“Mother and I have someone who will donate the ears you need.”可知，爸爸妈妈已经找到给儿子捐赠耳朵的人，所以儿子要去医院做手术。表达“医院”用单词hospital。故填(h)ospital。
20．句意：那是一个秘密。根据前一句“But the agreement（合同）is that you are not to know.”可知，在协议中，你不可以知道。所以此处要表达“那是一个秘密”，表达“秘密”用单词secret。故填(s)ecret。
（2022秋·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）Dear reader, my name is Lemuel Gulliver. I was born in London. I liked traveling and I made several unbelievable journeys. I saw things that you will find d____21____ to believe: People no bigger than this book; other people taller than the tallest tree; a country in clouds above us; and animals more civilized (文明) than h____22____. It was an interesting life.
I want to talk about my journeys, you may think I am mad. But please remember, as you read, that I am an honest man and that my words are t____23____.
When I was a young man, I studied medicine at Cambridge University to be a d____24____. I worked at London at first, but it was not easy to make money there. I d____25____ to work as a ship’s doctor. One ship I w____26____ on was called the Antelope. Our journey went well at first, but one day there was a great s____27____. The wind drove our ship on to a rock, which broke the ship in half. As I threw m____28____ into the sea, I thought that this was the end.
But luck was with me. I could swim quite well and I did not want to end my days w____29____ a fight. I swam for many hours in the water and I was very tired. Suddenly, I realized that the water was not deep any more—my feet t____30____ the ground!
Do you want to know what happened after that? Read by yourself and try to find the answers.

【答案】
21．(d)ifficult 22．(h)umans 23．(t)rue 24．(d)octor 25．(d)ecided 26．(w)orked 27．(s)torm 28．(m)yself 29．(w)ithout 30．(t)ouched

【导语】本文是一篇前言，是作者对这本书做的介绍。
21．句意：我看到了一些你会觉得难以相信的事情：人不比这本书大。根据后文“People no bigger than this book; other people taller than the tallest tree”及首字母可知，此处表达“难以置信的事”。difficult“困难的”，形容词作表语。故填(d)ifficult。
22．句意：动物比人类更文明。根据“animals”及首字母可知，此处表示动物比人类更文明。humans“人类”，名词作主语。故填(h)umans。
23．句意：但请记住，当你阅读时，我是一个诚实的人，我的话是真实的。根据“I am an honest”和首字母可知，此处表示我的话是真实的。true“真实的”，形容词作表语。故填(t)rue。
24．句意：当我还是个年轻人的时候，我在剑桥大学攻读医学，想成为一名医生。根据“I studied medicine”以及首字母可知，此处表达我想成为一名医生。doctor“医生”，名词作表语。故填(d)octor。
25．句意：我决定当船上的医生。根据“One ship I worked on was called the Antelope.”以及首字母可知，此处表达我决定当船上的医生。decide“决定”，又因为是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(d)ecided。
26．句意：我工作过的一艘船叫做羚羊号。根据“work as a ship’s doctor.”以及首字母可知，此处表达我工作过的船。work“工作”，因为时态为一般过去时所以动词用过去式。故填(w)orked。
27．句意：起初我们的旅行很顺利，但有一天发生了一场大风暴。根据下文“The wind drove our ship on to a rock, which broke the ship in half.”以及首字母可知，此处表示遇到了大风暴。storm“风暴”，名词作表语。故填(s)torm。
28．句意：当我把自己投入大海时，我以为这就是结局。根据“ I thought that this was the end.”以及首字母可知，此处表示我把自己投入大海，myself“我自己”，反身代词作宾语。故填(m)yself。
29．句意：我游泳游得很好，我不想不打一架就结束我的生活。根据“I did not want to end my days...fight”可知，此处表示我不想不打一架就结束我的生活。without“没有”，介词作状语。故填(w)ithout。
30．句意：突然，我意识到水已经不深了——我的脚碰到了地面！根据“I realized that the water was not deep any more”以及首字母可知，此处表示脚可以碰到地面了。touch“触碰”，又因为是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(t)ouched。
（2022秋·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词）
Ten days after returning home, Captain Robinson offered me the job of ship’s doctor, a very well-paid job. And I a____31____. More adventures were waiting for me in other parts of the world and I didn’t want to miss them.
We arrived in southern India on 11th April,1707. Next we sailed to Tonquin in Vietnam. We then went with a smaller boat to do some business on some nearby islands. But after only a few days our boat was hit by a storm. Even w____32____, two pirate ships attacked us and we soon became prisoners. Finally, one of the pirates set me free.
I was put into a small canoe with e____33____food for eight days and pushed out into the open sea.
I was happy to be a____34____ but I was still in danger. I was alone in the middle of the ocean in a small canoe.
After a while I saw a group of small islands and stopped to sleep on one of them. I w____35____ up the next morning to a lovely sunny day, which made me feel b____36____, but suddenly, the sun disappeared. When I looked u____37____ I saw a large object in the sky. It was so big that it completely blocked out (遮挡)the s____38____.
With my telescope（望远镜） I looked more c____39____ at the large object. I couldn’t believe my eyes. It was a floating island! I saw people fishing from the bottom of the island and on top there s____40____ to be a town or city. A complete island in the sky.

【答案】
31．(a)ccepted 32．(w)orse 33．(e)nough 34．(a)live 35．(w)oke 36．(b)etter 37．(u)p 38．(s)un 39．(c)losely/(c)arefully 40．(s)eemed

【分析】本文主要讲述了作者在船上做医生，跟着船长去冒险，被暴风雨和海盗袭击，后来流落荒岛，发现了空中有一座漂浮的岛的故事。
31．句意：我接受了。根据“offered”可知，罗宾逊船长给我提供了一份船上医生的工作，我接受了；且句子为一般过去时时态。故填(a)ccepted。
32．句意：更糟糕的是，两艘海盗船攻击了我们，我们很快变成了囚犯。根据“our boat was hit by a storm.”可知先是我们的船被暴风雨袭击，然后更糟糕的是我们被两艘海盗船攻击。故填(w)orse。
33．句意：我被放进了一艘独木船里面，船上有足够维持八天的食物，然后船就被推出去大海了。根据“food for eight days”可知是足够维持八天的食物。故填(e)nough。
34．句意：我很开心还活着，但我仍然处于危险中。根据前文“Finally, one of the pirates set me free.”可知其中一个海盗放了我走，所以我还活着。故填(a)live。
35．句意：第二天早上我醒来，看到了一个阳光明媚的日子，这让我感觉好多了。但突然之间，太阳消失了。根据“stopped to sleep on one of them.”可知之前是在岛上睡觉，所以第二天早上醒来。故填(w)oke。
36．句意：第二天早上我醒来，看到了一个阳光明媚的日子，这让我感觉好多了。但突然之间，太阳消失了。根据句意可知睡了一觉，醒来还能看到阳光，所以是感觉比之前好多了。故填(b)etter。
37．句意：我抬头看到了一个巨大的物体在空中。根据句意可知，阳光突然消失了，所以想抬头看看怎么了；look up有“抬头看”的意思。故填(u)p。
38．句意：它太大了，以至于完全遮住了太阳。根据“the sun disappeared”可知太阳是被这个巨大的物体遮住了。故填(s)un。
39．句意：我用望远镜更加仔细地去看这个巨大的物体。根据“With my telescope（望远镜）”可知，用望远镜能看得更仔细，closely和carefully都可表达相同的意思，副词修饰动词looked。故填(c)losely/(c)arefully。
40．句意：我看到人们在岛的底部钓鱼，在顶部似乎有一个城镇或城市。根据“a town or city”可知用望远镜看，岛上似乎有一个城镇或城市；seem to be似乎是。故填(s)eemed。
（2022秋·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）根据首字母提示填空，每空一词。
Can you imagine (想象) living on the river for almost thirty years? For Catherine King and Wayne Adams, it is their life.
When they first m____41____ in 1987, they found they loved outdoor-life and started to build their own dream home in the n____42____. Now they live in a hand-built island. They built everything with their own h____43____. Now there is a main living house, a dance floor, four gardens.
The water they use comes from the r____44____. They live on fishing and growing vegetables in their g____45____. When the weather is good, Wayne goes out on his b____46____ and fishes in the sun. When it gets windy and rainy, he fishes at home. Catching a fish is not h____47____.
They open their home to people all over the world, d____48____ the summertime. “Visitors are so happy with what we are s_____49_____ with them. They leave with big smiles on their faces. It is a great chance to move away from the c______50______ and enjoy the beauty of nature closely. We started living here almost thirty years ago and now we can’t imagine living any other way.” said King.

【答案】
41．(m)et 42．(n)ature 43．(h)ands 44．(r)ain/(r)iver 45．(g)ardens/(g)arden 46．(b)oat 47．(h)ard 48．(d)uring 49．(s)haring 50．(c)ity/(c)ities

【分析】这篇文章介绍了Catherine King和Wayne Adams夫妇亲手在大自然建造了自己的梦想家园并在此生活了30年，在夏季他们的家园还对全世界的游客开放，让人们也能近距离享受大自然美景。
41．句意：1987年，当他们第一次见面时，他们发现自己热爱户外生活，并开始在大自然中建造自己的梦想家园。此处应填动词；根据所给单词和“Can you imagine (想象) living on the river for almost thirty years?”可知，这里指Catherine King和Wayne Adams在1987年第一次见面，meet“遇见”，动词，根据“in 1987”可知，时态应为一般过去时，meet的过去式为“met”。故填(m)et。
42．句意：1987年，当他们第一次见面时，他们发现自己热爱户外生活，并开始在大自然中建造自己的梦想家园。此处应填名词；根据上文“… they found they loved outdoor-life and started to build their own dream home in …”和首字母可知，此处指在大自然中，nature“大自然”，名词，符合句意。故填(n)ature。
43．句意：他们用自己的双手建造一切。此处应填名词，根据上文“Now they live in a hand-built island.”可知，此处指用他们自己的双手建造了一切，hand“手”，名词，根据“their”可知，此处应用复数。故填(h)ands。
44．句意：他们使用的水来自雨水/河流/那条河。此处应填名词，根据常识、首字母和第一段中“Can you imagine (想象) living on the river for almost thirty years?”可知，这里指使用的水来自于雨水或者河流，rain“雨水”，不可数名词，river“河”，名词，“the river”特指他们生活的这条河。故填(r)ain/(r)iver。
45．句意：他们靠在花园里钓鱼和种菜为生。此处应填名词；根据首字母和上文“They live on fishing and growing vegetables in their …”可知，此处指在花园里种菜，garden“花园”，可数名词，在此可以用单数表示“一个花园”，也可用复数表示两个以上数量的花园。故填(g)ardens/(g)arden。
46．句意：天气好的时候，Wayne就乘船出去，在阳光下钓鱼。此处应填名词。根据首字母和上下文“When the weather is good, Wayne goes out on his … and fishes in the sun.”可知，此处指乘船出去钓鱼，boat“船”，名词，“on his boat”表示“在他的船上”，符合语境。故填(b)oat。
47．句意：抓鱼并不难。此处应填形容词；根据首字母和上文“When the weather is good, Wayne goes out on his boat and fishes in the sun. When it gets windy and rainy, he fishes at home.”可知，此处指钓鱼对Wayne来说并不难，hard“困难的”，形容词。故填hard。
48．句意：他们在夏天向全世界的人开放自己的家。根据首字母和上下文“They open their home to people all over the world, … the summertime.”可知，此处指在夏季对全世界游客开放，during“在……期间”，介词，符合语境。故填(d)uring。
49．句意：游客们对我们与他们分享的东西感到很高兴。此处应填动词；根据首字母和上下文“Visitors are so happy with what we are … with them.”可知，此处指和游客们分享的东西，share“分享”，动词，be动词后面应用现在分词“sharing”。故填(s)haring。
50．句意：这是一个远离城市，近距离欣赏大自然美景的绝佳机会。此处应填名词；根据首字母和上下文“ It is a great chance to move away from the … and enjoy the beauty of nature closely.”可知，此处指远离城市，此处可以用单数表示“城市”，也可以用复数“the cities”表示“那（这）些城市”。故填(c)ity/(c)ities。
（2022春·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在标有题号的横线上，完整写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
Alice in Wonderland is one of the most loved children’s books of all time, and many adults e____51____ it as well. It tells about a young girl called Alice, who e____52____ a magical world called Wonderland. Her adventures begin when she f____53____ a white rabbit down a hole. At the b____54____ of the hole, she finds a small door into a beautiful garden.  She s____55____ in a pool of her own tears. She meets a cat with a smile. She also meets characters which are from a pack of playing cards and the Queen of Hearts i____56____ her to play croquet. Then she wakes up.
The writer of the book is Lewis Carroll. One day, he had a picnic with t____57____ little girls who were friends of the family. To catch their attention, he told them the s____58____ in which Alice was the main character. The three girls enjoyed the story very much and they asked Charles to w____59____ it down. And he did so. It was first p_____60_____ in 1866, under the name Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. The book was a great success. Since the story was first printed, it has kept selling up to the present day.

【答案】
51．(e)njoy 52．(e)nters 53．(f)ollows 54．(b)ottom 55．(s)wims 56．(i)nvites 57．(t)hree 58．(s)tory 59．(w)rite 60．(p)rinted

【导语】本文介绍了《爱丽丝梦游仙境》这本书的故事内容以及作家创作它的过程。
51．句意：《爱丽丝梦游仙境》一直以来都是最受欢迎的儿童读物之一，许多成年人也很喜欢。根据“Alice in Wonderland is one of the most loved children’s books of all time”和“as well”可知，成年人也喜欢这本书，enjoy“喜欢”，主语many adults是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式，故填(e)njoy。
52．句意：它讲述了一个叫爱丽丝的小女孩，她进入了一个叫仙境的魔法世界。根据“Her adventures begin”可知，她的冒险开始了，因此她进入这个魔法世界，enter“进入”，定语从句的先行词Alice是第三人称单数形式，因此定语从句的谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填(e)nters。
53．句意：她的冒险始于跟随一只白兔进入一个洞。结合句意和首字母f，可知，她开始了冒险，是跟随一只兔子，follow“跟着”，主语she是第三人称单数形式，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填(f)ollows。
54．句意：在洞的底部，她发现了一扇通往美丽花园的小门。根据“Her adventures begin when she f…a white rabbit down a hole.”可知，她进入一个洞，因此到达了洞的底部，at the bottom of表示“在……的底部”，故填(b)ottom。
55．句意：她在自己的泪水池里游泳。根据“in the pool of…”可知，在池子里游泳，swim“游泳”，主语she是第三人称单数形式，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填(s)wims。
56．句意：她还遇到了来自一副扑克牌的角色，红心皇后邀请她去玩槌球。根据句意及首字母可知，此处考查invite sb to do sth“邀请某人做某事”，主语the Queen of Hearts是第三人称单数形式，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填(i)nvites。
57．句意：一天，他和三个小女孩一起野餐，她们是这家人的朋友。根据后文的“The three girls enjoyed the story very much”可知，此处指三个女孩，three“三”，故填(t)hree。
58．句意：为了引起他们的注意，他给他们讲了一个以爱丽丝为主角的故事。根据后文的“The three girls enjoyed the story very much”可知，他给她们讲了一个故事，story“故事”，有定冠词the修饰，用单数名词，故填(s)tory。
59．句意：三个女孩非常喜欢这个故事，她们要求查尔斯把它写下来。根据“The book was a great success.”可知，他写下了这个故事，write… down“把……写下来”，ask sb to do sth“要求某人做某事”，故填(w)rite。
60．句意：这本书于1866年首次印刷，当时的名字是《爱丽丝梦游仙境》。根据“Since the story was first printed, it has kept selling up to the present day.”可知，这本书被印刷，print“印刷”，主语the book与谓语print之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，空处用动词的过去分词。故填(p)rinted。
（2022春·江苏扬州·八年级校考期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。(每空一词)
The famous R____61____ writer Lev Tolstory ( 托尔斯泰) once said, “ Everyone thinks of changing the world, but no one thinks of changing himself.”
He was right. We always plan to do or dream of doing something great so that we can change the world. For example, we hate pollution, so we try to find new energy r____62____ to keep the environment clean. H____63____ , we still litter on the ground in our lives. Also, we are not satisfied with the traffic, so we plan to build more highways to stop it. But in fact, the main reason for it is that many people don’t f____64____ the traffic rules.
Now, lots of students always think their homework is very difficult and they find it hard to pass exams. In their e____65____, the problems on papers are too difficult. But actually, the real r____66____ is that they don’t study hard. They never think about changing their attitudes t____67____ study or working hard on their lessons.
In my opinion, before we decide to change the world, we should change o____68____ first. As common people, it is not easy for us to change the world, but we can e____69____ give up our bad habits, such as littering, breaking traffic rules and always c____70____ about how difficult the exam is. If we can do that, we’ll be strong enough to change the world some day and make it!

【答案】
61．(R)ussian 62．(r)esources 63．(H)owever 64．(f)ollow 65．(e)yes 66．(r)eason 67．(t)oward/(t)owards/(t)o 68．(o)urselves 69．(e)asily 70．(c)omplaining

【导语】本文主要向我们讲述了在我们决定改变世界之前，我们应该先改变自己。
61．句意：俄罗斯著名作家列夫·托尔斯泰曾经说过：“每个人都想改变世界，但没有人想过改变自己。”根据常识可知列夫·托尔斯泰是俄罗斯作家，Russian“俄罗斯的”，故填(R)ussian。
62．句意：例如，我们讨厌污染，所以我们试图寻找新能源来保持环境清洁。根据“so we try to find new energy...to keep the environment clean”结合单词首字母可知，此处指的是新能源，resource“资源，可数名词，此处应用复数，故填(r)esources。
63．句意：然而，在我们的生活中，我们仍然在地上乱扔垃圾。根据“ so we try to find new energy r...to keep the environment clean...we still litter on the ground in our lives.”可知前后句是转折关系，however符合语境，故填(H)owever。
64．句意：但事实上，主要原因是许多人不遵守交通规则。根据“ Also, we are not satisfied with the traffic”可知我们对交通状况不满意主要是因为许多人不遵守交通规则。follow the traffic rules“遵守交通规则”，空前有助动词，动词用原形，故填(f)ollow。
65．句意：在他们看来，试卷上的问题太难了。固定短语in one’ eyes“在某人看来”，故填(e)yes。
66．句意：但实际上，真正的原因是他们不努力学习。根据“Now, lots of students always think their homework is very difficult and they find it hard to pass exams”可知很多学生总是认为他们的家庭作业很难，他们发现很难通过考试的真正的原因是他们不努力学习，reason“原因”，可数名词，此处应用复数，故填(r)eason。
67．句意：们从来没有想过改变他们对学习的态度或努力学习功课。根据“ changing their attitudes t...study”可知此处指的是对学习的态度，结合首字母可知，此处应用toward(s)/to“对，朝向”，故填(t)oward/(t)owards/(t)o。
68．句意：在我看来，在我们决定改变世界之前，我们应该先改变自己。根据上文托尔斯泰说的话“Everyone thinks of changing the world, but no one thinks of changing himself”以及此处的单词首字母可知，改变世界之前，我们应该先改变自己，ourselves“我们自己”，故填(o)urselves。
69．句意：作为普通人，我们不容易改变世界，但我们可以很容易地放弃我们的坏习惯，如乱扔垃圾，违反交通规则，总是抱怨考试是多么困难。根据“ it is not easy for us to change the world, but we can...give up our bad habits, such as littering, breaking traffic rules”结合单词首字母可知，乱扔垃圾，违反交通规则这些坏习惯很容易改变，easily“容易地”，副词修饰动词，符合语境，故填(e)asily。
70．句意：作为普通人，我们不容易改变世界，但我们可以很容易地放弃我们的坏习惯，如乱扔垃圾，违反交通规则，总是抱怨考试是多么困难。根据“always...about how difficult the exam is”结合单词首字母可知，此处指的是抱怨，complain“抱怨”，动词，此处应用动名词形式作as的宾语，故填(c)omplaining。
（2022春·江苏镇江·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，并将完整单词填在答题卡的相应位置。
Today I’m here to talk about noise pollution. Not all noise is noise pollution. Noise becomes noise pollution when it begins to harm human and animal life or when it’s not n____71____.
E____72____ of noise pollution include the sounds of cars, buses, lorries, trains and planes. When you stand near a busy road, sometimes the noise can hurt your ears. And people l____73____ near airports often find it difficult to sleep. Noise pollution can also be from machines. We often use very noisy machines around the house or at our jobs. Factory noise is also a big problem. Finally, sometimes loud music can be a form of noise pollution. For example, the music from a club or from your next-door n____74____.
We might think that noise pollution is just a small problem, but actually it can be d____75____. Some people have become deaf because of noise pollution. What’s worse, when people l____76____ sleep because of noise pollution, they become careless. This can lead to accidents, and people can get hurt or e____77____ killed. Finally, noise makes people feel stress. This can lead to heart disease.
What can we do about the problem of noise pollution? We need stronger l____78____ against loud noises. The government also needs to put up walls next to roads and airports to p____79____ people from the noise. Finally, we can all help with the problem of noise pollution by turning down our music and TVs, and using a s____80____ voice when we talk.

【答案】
71．(n)ecessary 72．(E)xamples 73．(l)iving 74．(n)eighbor/(n)eighbour 75．(d)angerous 76．(l)ose 77．(e)ven 78．(l)aws 79．(p)rotect 80．(s)ofter/(s)oft

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了噪音污染的来源，危害以及解决措施。
71．句意：当噪声开始危害人类和动物的生命时，或者当没有必要时，噪声就成为噪声污染。根据上文“when it begins to harm human and animal life”以及首字母可知，此处是指什么情况下变成噪音污染，因此表达当它不“必要的”时候。故填(n)ecessary。
72．句意：噪音污染的例子包括汽车、公共汽车、卡车、火车和飞机的声音。根据“the sounds of cars, buses, lorries, trains and planes.”可知，此处是举例来说噪音污染有哪些，根据首字母提示，example表示“例子”，为可数名词，此处用复数。故填(E)xamples。
73．句意：居住在机场附近的人们经常觉得很难入睡。根据“people ... near airports”及首字母可知，此处表达居住在机场附近的人们，live表示“居住”，此处用现在分词作后置定语，修饰people。故填(l)iving。
74．句意：例如，来自一个俱乐部或从你的隔壁邻居的音乐。根据“from your next-door”及首字母可知，此处表示的是“邻居”。故填(n)eighbo(u)r。
75．句意：我们也许认为噪音污染只是小问题，但是事实上它是由危险的。根据下文“Some people have become deaf because of noise pollution”可知，此处是说噪音污染是有危险的，be动词后跟形容词，dangerous表示“危险的”。故填(d)angerous。
76．句意：更糟糕的是，当人们因为噪音污染而失眠时，就会变得粗心大意。根据“because of noise pollution, they become careless.”以及首字母可知，此处表达失去睡眠，lose表示“失去”，句子为一般现在时，people为复数。故填(l)ose。
77．句意：这可能导致事故，人们可能受伤甚至死亡。根据上文“This can lead to accidents, and people can get hurt”以及首字母可知，此处应用程度副词表达“甚至”。故填(e)ven。
78．句意：我们需要更强有力的法律来反对噪音。根据下文“The government also needs to put up walls”可知，此处用law表示“法律”，为可数名词，此处用复数形式。故填(l)aws。
79．句意：政府也需要张贴在紧挨道路和机场的墙上来保护人们免受噪音的危害。根据“The government also needs to put up walls next to roads and airports”可知，此处是指保护人们免受噪音的伤害，protect表示“保护”，to后跟动词原形。故填(p)rotect。
80．句意：最后，我们都可以通过调低音乐和电视的音量，以及说话时使用（更）柔和的声音来帮助解决噪音污染问题。根据“ we can all help with the problem of noise pollution ... voice when we talk.”可知，此处表达更柔和或者柔和的声音来解决噪音污染，soft表示“柔和的”，此处既可以用原级也可以用比较级。故填(s)ofter/(s)oft。
（2022春·江苏南通·八年级统考期末）请认真阅读下面的短文，并根据所给首字母提示，写出合适的英语单词，使短文通顺。

What is social media? It means all kinds of Internet applications, such as QQ, blogs, WeChat and so on. Social media plays an important role in our daily life. By using them, users can s___81___ things like photos, videos and posts with others.
Social media is certainly an interesting place to learn o___82___ opinions on the Internet. But when you are reading so many opinions online, it’s q___83___ possible for you to see some opinions that you strongly disagree with. In fact, you might feel like you should reply to these opinions at once. You might do some research, f___84___ some facts and reply to what are written. You finish writing out your reply, click “post” and win the argument!
Most people don’t like it when other people disagree with their i___85___, especially online strangers. You can h___86___ change their opinions just because you argued with them. In fact, it’s possible to make them feel more confident that they’re correct.
And the thing is, when you get in these kinds of fights online, it s___87___ influences(影响) you. You might not know it at first, b___88___ the argument that you take part in can easily make you feel u___89___. If you argue often, you start to enjoy arguing and then end up doing it even more. It’s a dangerous cycle.
I guess the best thing to do is to tell y____90____ that most arguments are meaningless. There are much better and more interesting things to do, whether online or in real life.

【答案】
81．(s)hare 82．(o)thers’ 83．(q)uite 84．(f)ind 85．(i)deas 86．(h)ardly 87．(s)lowly/(s)urely 88．(b)ut 89．(u)nhappy 90．(y)ourself/(y)ourselves

【导语】本文主要讲述了在社交媒体上与人争论的现象。
81．句意：通过使用它们，用户可以与他人分享照片、视频和帖子等内容。根据“Social media”和首字母提示可知，社交媒体可以分享照片、视频等；share“分享”，且情态动词后接动词原形；故填(s)hare。
82．句意：社交媒体当然是一个有趣的地方来了解别人在互联网上的观点。根据“opinions on the Internet”和首字母提示可知，学习其他人的观点，others’“其他人的”符合句意；故填(o)thers’。
83．句意：但是当你在网上阅读这么多观点时，你很可能会看到一些你强烈反对的观点。根据“possible”和首字母提示可知，需要副词修饰形容词，应该是很有可能；quite“非常”符合句意；故填(q)uite。
84．句意：你可以做一些调查，找到一些事实，并回复所写的内容。根据“do some research”和首字母提示可知，做调查是为了找出事实，且情态动词后接动词原形，find“找到”符合句意；故填(f)ind。
85．句意：大多数人不喜欢别人不同意自己的观点，尤其是网上的陌生人。根据“Most people don’t like it”和首字母提示可知，不同意他们的观点，idea“主意、观点”，此处用复数；故填(i)deas。
86．句意：你不能因为和他们争论就改变他们的观点。根据“change their opinions just because you argued with them”和首字母提示可知，很难改变，hardly“几乎不”符合句意；故填(h)ardly。
87．句意：问题是，当你在网上卷入这种争斗时，它肯定/慢慢会影响你。根据“influences(影响) you”和首字母提示可知，这种争论肯定会影响你，或是慢慢影响你，副词修饰动词，slowly“慢慢地”/surely“肯定”符合句意；故填(s)lowly/(s)urely。
88．句意：一开始你可能不知道，但你参与的争论很容易让你感到不快。根据“You might not know it at first”和首字母提示可知，前后两句是转折关系，but符合句意；故填(b)ut。
89．句意：一开始你可能不知道，但你参与的争论很容易让你感到不快。根据“the argument that you take part in”和首字母提示可知，争论会让你感觉不开心，unhappy“不高兴的”符合句意；故填(u)nhappy。
90．句意：我想最好的办法就是告诉自己大多数的争论都是没有意义的。根据“that most arguments are meaningless”和首字母提示可知，告诉自己，yourself/yourselves“你自己/你们自己”符合句意；故填(y)ourself/(y)ourselves。
（2022春·江苏盐城·八年级景山中学校考期末）A country cannot live without young people, and young people cannot live without awakening.
                                                                    —Li Dazhao
    This year, the Communist Youth League of China, or CYLC(中国共青团) is turning 100 y___91___ old.
    In 1922, the Youth League h___92___ its first National Congress（全国代表大会）in Guangzhou, which marked its birth. 25 members attended the meeting, representing 5,000 others f___93___ all over the country.
     As a p___94___ of China’s youth movement, the CYLC has more than 73.7 million members nationwide aged 14 to 28, and about 43.8 million of i___95___ members are students. Young people are the future and h___96___ of a country and the CYLC always unites(团结), organizes and serves young people, encouraging them to w___97___ for China’s development.
     Liu Lijia, a senior undergraduate student at Beijing Normal University, said t___98___  as a Youth League member, she thanks the Youth League for helping her development. She will become a volunteer teacher in China’s w___99___ areas and devote h___100___ to bridging the educational gap between different areas.

【答案】
91．(y)ears 92．(h)eld 93．(f)rom 94．(p)ioneer 95．(i)ts 96．(h)ope 97．(w)ork 98．(t)hat 99．(w)estern 100．(h)erself

【导语】本文主要介绍了中国共青团的历史、规模及其理念。
91．句意：今年是中国共青团的100岁生日。根据“100...old”可知是指100岁，years符合语境，故填(y)ears。
92．句意：1922年，共青团在广州召开了第一次全国代表大会，标志着共青团的诞生。根据“its first National Congress（全国代表大会）in Guangzhou,”可知会议是被召开的，hold“举行”，动词，时态是一般过去时，故填(h)eld。
93．句意：25名成员参加了会议，代表了来自全国各地的5000人。根据“representing 5,000 others...all over the country.”可知此处应填一个介词，结合首字母，from“来自”符合，故填(f)rom。
94．句意：作为中国青年运动的先行者，共青团在全国有7370多万名14岁至28岁的会员，其中约4380万名是学生。根据“ As a p...of China’s youth movement,”结合首字母可知，此处是指共青团是中国青年运动的先行者，pioneer“先驱者”，可数名词，被a修饰，用单数，故填(p)ioneer。
95．句意：作为中国青年运动的先行者，共青团在全国有7370多万名14岁至28岁的会员，其中约4380万名是学生。此处需用一个代词，指代共青团的，its“它的”符合语境，故填(i)ts。
96．句意：青年是国家的未来和希望。根据“Young people are the future and...of a country”结合单词首字母可知，此处是指青年是国家的未来和希望，hope“希望”符合语境，故填(h)ope。
97．句意：共青团始终团结、组织、服务青年，鼓励青年为国家的发展而努力。根据“ encouraging them to...for China’s development.”可知是指为国家发展而努力工作，work“工作”，动词，空前有不定式符号to，动词用原形，故填(w)ork。
98．句意：北京师范大学大四学生刘丽佳表示，作为一名共青团员，她感谢共青团对自己发展的帮助。分析空处前后可知，这是一个宾语从句，结合首字母可知that符合，引导宾语从句，无实际意义，故填(t)hat。
99．句意：她将成为中国西部地区的支教教师，致力于弥合不同地区之间的教育差距。根据“a volunteer teacher in China’s w...areas”结合首字母可知是指西部地区，western“西部的”，形容词作定语，故填(w)estern。
100．句意：她将成为中国西部地区的支教教师，致力于弥合不同地区之间的教育差距。固定短语devote oneself“致力于”，结合首字母h可知应填herself“她自己”。故填(h)erself。
（2022春·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示填写所缺单词。

Taking public transport, making payments online or just walking around—these daily activities can help turn China’s deserts into forests if you are using Ant Forest.
Ant Forest is a feature in the Alipay mobile payment app. It records users’ low-carbon activities—taking a bus to work i___101___ of driving, for example—and gives users “green energy”. When a user’s green energy gets high e___102___, Ant Forest and its partners will plant a real tree for that person.
Ant Forest r___103___ the 2019 Champions of the Earth award（地球卫士奖）, the UN’s highest environmental honor, for encouraging people to live greener lifestyles and protect the environment.
S___104___ its launch（发起）in August 2016, Ant Forest and its partners have planted some 122 million trees in China’s driest areas, which include regions in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Shanxi, reported Xinhua News Agency. The trees c___105___ an area of 112,000 hectares（公顷）. The project has become China’s largest private-sector tree-planting initiative（倡议）.
This is only part of China’s efforts to make Earth g___106___. In 1978, China began a national-level forestation（造林）project—the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Program, also known as the “Great Green Wall”. The program has improved living conditions and d___107___ local business, according to China Daily.
It’s reported the forest coverage rate（覆盖率）among the regions of the project r___108___ 13.57 percent in 2017, compared to 5.05 percent 40 years ago.
In light of China’s success against desertification（沙漠化）, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) believes the country is a good e___109___ for others to follow.
“China is one of the most s___110___ countries in greening the desert and has lessons to share with the world.” former UNEP Executive Director Erik Solheim told Xinhua.

【答案】
101．(i)nstead 102．(e)nough 103．(r)eceived 104．(S)ince 105．(c)over 106．(g)reen 107．(d)eveloped 108．(r)aised 109．(e)xample 110．(s)uccessful

【导语】本文主要介绍了支付宝中蚂蚁森林，介绍蚂蚁森林如何运行以及带来的影响等，它通过记录人们低碳行为获得的绿色能量，在干旱地区种植真实的树，以此鼓励人们用以绿色的生活方式保护环境。
101．句意：例如，乘坐公共汽车而不是开车上班。根据“It records users’ low-carbon activities—taking a bus to work ...of driving”可知，蚂蚁森林提倡低碳活动，所以是乘坐公交而不是开车，instead of“而不是”，故填(i)nstead。
102．句意：当用户的绿色能量足够高时，蚂蚁森林及其合作伙伴将为该用户种植一棵真正的树。根据“When a user’s green energy gets high ..., Ant Forest and its partners will plant a real tree for that person.”可知，攒取足够高的绿色能量，就会种一颗真树，enough“足够”，修饰high，故填(e)nough。
103．句意：蚂蚁森林因鼓励人们过更绿色的生活方式，保护环境，获得了联合国最高环保荣誉——2019年地球冠军奖。根据“Ant Forest ...the 2019 Champions of the Earth award”可知，获得奖项，receive“获得”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(r)eceived。
104．句意：据新华社报道，自2016年8月成立以来，蚂蚁森林及其合作伙伴已经在中国最干旱地区种植了约1.22亿棵树，包括内蒙古、甘肃、青海和山西等地区。根据“Ant Forest and its partners have planted some 122 million trees in China’s driest areas”可知，“since+过去时间点”常与现在完成时连用，since“自从”，句首需大写首字母，故填(S)ince。
105．句意：树木覆盖面积为11.2万公顷。根据“The trees....an area of 112,000 hectares.”及首字母可知，此处指“覆盖面积”，cover“覆盖”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，d故填(c)over。
106．句意：这只是中国绿化地球努力的一部分。根据“This is only part of China’s efforts to make Earth ....”及首字母可知，是中国绿化地球，green“绿色的”，作宾语补足语，故填(g)reen。
107．句意：据《中国日报》报道，该项目改善了当地的生活条件，发展了当地的商业。根据“.....local business”及首字母可知，是发展当地商业，develope“发展”，时态是现在完成时，空处用过去分词。故填(d)eveloped。
108．句意：据报道，2017年，该项目区域的森林覆盖率提高了13.57%，而40年前为5.05%。根据“It’s reported the forest coverage rate among the regions of the project r...13.57 percent in 2017, compared to 5.05 percent 40 years ago.”可知，森林覆盖率提高了，raise“提高”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(r)aised。
109．句意：鉴于中国在防治荒漠化方面取得的成功，联合国环境规划署认为中国是其他国家学习的好榜样。根据“the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) believes the country is a good ....for others to follow.”可知，中国是其他国家学习的好榜样，example“榜样，例子”，此前有a修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填(e)xample。
110．句意：中国是沙漠绿化最成功的国家之一，有经验可以与世界分享。根据“China is one of the most s...countries in greening the desert and has lessons to share with the world.”可知，中国早沙漠绿化这一方面是成功的，successful“成功的”，与空前the most形成最高级，在句中作定语修饰countries，故填(s)uccessful。
（2022秋·江苏南通·八年级统考期末）根据首字母提示，补全短文中所缺单词。
Wang Shunjin, a 64-year-old man from Xiamen, has begun planning his next cycling trip after taking a 94-day bike tour in the USA in September.
His friends and he started cycling in June and went a___111___ the USA from the east to the west. “Our bike tour covered 4, 300 kilometers in A___112___ so that we saw many amazing natural wonders,” Wang said.
However, they also met with many d___113___ on their way. The hardest part was that they don’t know w____114____ to spend the nights. Most of the time, they stayed in their tents on the streets. Besides, they had to c___115___ all their equipment （装备）—about 25 kilograms—on their bikes. What’s worse, one of them l___116___ her bike and bags during the tour. But l___117___ for her, a kind-hearted young man gave her a bike. With the help of the friendly people, she f___118___ the cycling trip at last.
“Though the trip was a hard time for us, we were happy and e___119___. It was a meaningful cycling tour and we all e____120____ ourselves.” Wang said.

【答案】
111．(a)cross/(a)round 112．(A)merica 113．(d)ifficulties 114．(w)here 115．(c)arry 116．(l)ost 117．(l)uckily 118．(f)inished 119．(e)xcited 120．(e)njoyed

【导语】本文介绍了来自厦门的64岁男子王顺进在9月完成了他的美国自行车之旅后，又开始计划他的下一次自行车之旅，文章介绍了他的旅行经历。
111．句意：他的朋友和他在六月份开始骑自行车，从东到西环游美国。根据“the USA from the east to the west”可知，此处应该是从东到西环游（横穿）美国，across意为“穿过”，around意为“环绕”，故填(a)cross/(a)round。
112．句意：我们的自行车之旅在美国行驶了4300公里，因此我们看到了许多令人惊叹的自然奇观。由上文的the US可知，此处是指美国，故填(A)merica。
113．句意：然而，他们在路上也遇到了许多困难。根据“met with many”及“The hardest part”可知，遇见了许多困难，difficulty“困难”，many修饰可数名词的复数形式，故填(d)ifficulties。
114．句意：最难的是他们不知道在哪里过夜。由“spend the nights.”可知，此处应该是由where引导的宾语从句，指在哪里过夜，故填(w)here。
115．句意：此外，他们必须在他们的自行车上携带所有的设备，重约25公斤。根据“all their equipment —around 25 kilograms—on their bikes.”可知，此处应该是携带这些设备，carry意为“搬、运”；had to后跟动词原形，故填(c)arry。
116．句意：更糟糕的是，其中一人在旅行中丢失了自行车和包。根据“a kind-hearted young man gave her a bike”推测，上文应该是在旅行中丢失了自行车。lose意为“丢失”，此处需用过去式，故填(l)ost。
117．句意：幸运的是，一位好心的年轻人给了她一辆自行车。根据“a kind-hearted young man gave her a bike.”可知，此处应该是幸运的是一位好心人帮助了她，luckily意为“幸运的是”，故填(l)uckily。
118．句意：在友好的人们的帮助下，她完成了自行车旅行。根据“With the help of the friendly people, she…the cycling trip.”可知，此处应该是完成了此次旅行，finish意为 “完成”；此处讲述过去的事情，需用过去式，故填(f)inished。
119．句意：虽然这次旅行充满了困难，但我们很高兴，也很兴奋。根据“we were happy and….”可知，此处应该是我们既高兴又兴奋，excited意为“兴奋的”，形容词，与happy并列，故填(e)xcited。
120．句意：这是一次有意义的自行车旅行，我们都玩得很开心。enjoy oneself“玩得开心”，根据was可知，此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(e)njoyed。
（2022秋·江苏盐城·八年级景山中学校考期末）先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容和所给首字母，在空格内填入一个适当的词，使短文意思完整。

Welcome back home! On Sept 25, Huawei’s Chief Financial Officer MengWanzhou, 49, a___121___ in Shenzhen, Guangdong, after being illegally (非法地) held for n___122___ three years in Canada, Xinhua reported.
“A___123___ more than 1,000 days of suffering, I finally returned to the motherland,” Meng said after she got off the plane. She described the motherland, the Party and the government as the s___124___ light that led her on the long journey home.
On Dec 1, 2018, Meng was held in Canada b___125___ the US charged her with fraud (欺诈). The US wanted to take her to the US for trial (审讯). Meng pleaded not guilty (不认罪) to the charge and finally was f___126___ to leave Canada on Sept 24 local time.
“This is a political (政治的) case trying to break Chinese high-tech companies,” Foreign Ministry spokesperson Hua Chunying s___127___ on Sept 25. Meng’s safe return s___128___ that the Chinese government has the will and ability to protect the rights of Chinese people and companies, according to Hua.
“A strong China u___129___ the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China will always be the strong backing of each one of us,” said Hua. She a____130____ that China’s development will not be stopped by any force.

【答案】
121．(a)rrived 122．(n)early 123．(A)fter 124．(s)hiny 125．(b)ecause 126．(f)ree 127．(s)aid 128．(s)hows 129．(u)nder 130．(a)dded

【导语】本文主要讲述了华为首席财务官孟晚舟，在加拿大被非法拘留了近三年后，在中国政府的帮助下回到了国内。
121．句意：据新华社报道，9月25日，49岁的华为首席财务官孟晚舟抵达广东深圳，此前她在加拿大被非法关押了近3年。arrive in“到达”，为固定短语，结合语境可知句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(a)rrived。

122．句意：据新华社报道，9月25日，49岁的华为首席财务官孟晚舟抵达广东深圳，此前她在加拿大被非法关押了近3年。根据“after being illegally (非法地) held for n...three years”可知是指非法关押了接近三年，nearly“几乎”，副词，故填(n)early。
123．句意：经过1000多天的煎熬，我终于回到了祖国。根据“A...more than 1,000 days of suffering”可知是经过1000多天的煎熬，after“在……之后”。故填(A)fter。
124．句意：她把祖国、党和政府描述为带领她踏上漫漫归途的闪亮光芒。根据“described the motherland, the Party and the government as the s...light that led her on the long journey home.”可知孟晚舟把祖国、党和政府描述为带领她踏上漫漫归途的闪亮光芒，shiny“闪亮的”，形容词作定语，故填(s)hiny。
125．句意：2018年12月1日，孟在加拿大被拘留，因为美国指控她犯有欺诈罪。分析语境可知前后是因果关系，应用because引导原因状语从句，故填(b)ecause。
126．句意：孟对指控拒不认罪，最终于当地时间9月24日被释放离开加拿大。根据“Meng pleaded not guilty (不认罪) to the charge and finally was f...to leave Canada on Sept 24 local time.”可知是指孟晚舟被释放了，自由了，free“自由的”，形容词，故填(f)ree。
127．句意：9月25日，外交部发言人华春莹表示：“这是一起企图破坏中国高科技企业的政治案件。”根据“This is a political (政治的) case trying to break Chinese high-tech companies”可知这是华春莹所说的话，say“说”，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(s)aid。
128．句意：华春莹表示，孟的安全返回表明中国政府有意愿和能力保护中国人民和企业的权利。根据“Meng’s safe return s...that the Chinese government has the will and ability to protect the rights of Chinese people and companies, according to Hua.”可知孟晚舟的安全回归，这表明了中国政府有意愿和能力保护中国人民和企业的权利。show“展示”，是动词，此句是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填(s)hows。
129．句意：华春莹说：“在中国共产党的坚强领导下，一个强大的中国永远是我们每个人的坚强后盾。”根据“A strong China u...the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China”可知是指在中国共产党的坚强领导下，under“在……之下”，是介词，故填(u)nder。
130．句意：她补充说，中国的发展不会被任何力量阻挡。根据“ She a...that China’s development will not be stopped by any force.”结合语境可知，这是华春莹的补充，add“补充”，是动词，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(a)dded。
（2022秋·江苏扬州·八年级校联考期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词。 (每空一词)
  
In Lijiang, Yunnan, the Huaping Senior High School for Girls is famous n____131____ only because it is the first girls’ public high school that doesn’t charge tuition fees (收学费) in our country, but also because a lot of students there enter universities (大学).
In 2001, Zhang, a teacher of a local middle school, noticed that many girls from p____132____ families couldn’t go to school. Then the idea of starting a school for girls came to her m____133____. She also decided that the girls could study at her school for free. To raise money, b____134____ 2002 and 2007, Zhang spent the summer and winter vacations on the streets a____135____ people to give away money to her school. However, she only c____136____ about 10,000 yuan. Later, a reporter reported her story. F____137____, she got one million yuan from the government, and the Huaping Senior High School for Girls o____138____ in September 2008. In the b____139____, there were many difficulties, but Zhang didn’t give up. “I want my students to e____140____ good universities,” she said.

【答案】
131．(n)ot 132．(p)oor 133．(m)ind 134．(b)etween 135．(a)sking 136．(c)ollected 137．(F)inally 138．(o)pened 139．(b)eginning 140．(e)nter

【导语】本文介绍了张老师与她的华坪女子高级中学的办学初衷和过程。
131．句意：在云南丽江，华坪女子高级中学不仅因为它是我国第一所不收学费的女子高中而出名，还因为它让很多学生考上了大学。“not only ... but also ...”结构意为“不仅……而且……”，连接两个并列的结构。根据首字母提示，则所缺单词为not。故填(n)ot。
132．句意：在2001年，一名当地姓张的中学老师注意到许多穷苦人家的女孩子都无法上学。根据句意及首字母提示可知，许多家庭因贫困支付不起孩子的学费，所以导致许多女孩没学可上，贫困的英文表达为“poor”。故填(p)oor。
133．句意：兴建一所女子学校的想法涌入脑海。“come to one’s mind”意为“涌入脑海”，mind意为“头脑，大脑”，根据首字母提示，所缺单词为mind。故填(m)ind。
134．句意：为了筹钱，在2002到2007年间，张老师利用寒暑假在路上向人们寻求善款来支援她的学校。“between ... and ...”意为“在……之间”，“between 2002 and 2007”意为“在2002年到2007年间”，根据首字母提示，可知所缺单词为between。故填(b)etween。
135．句意：为了筹钱，在2002到2007年间，张老师利用寒暑假在路上向人们寻求善款来支援她的学校。根据句意和首字母提示可知，张老师向路人寻求帮助，“ask sb. to do sth.”意为“让某人做某事”，“spend time (in) doing sth.”结构意为“花时间做某事”，所以ask应变为asking。故填(a)sking。
136．句意：然而，她只筹集到了约一万元。根据上文可知，张老师利用寒暑假筹集募款，但是最终只收集到了一万元。根据首字母提示，所缺单词为collect，意为“收集”，又因该动作发生于过去，应使用一般过去时，collect应变为collected。故填(c)ollected。
137．句意：最终，她获得了来自政府的一百万元，华坪女子高级中学于2008年9月正式开学。根据上文可知，张老师筹集募款十分艰辛，但是被报道后，引起各方关注，最终筹集到了钱款，这是努力的结果。finally意为“最终”。故填(F)inally。
138．句意：最终，她获得了来自政府的一百万元，华坪女子高级中学于2008年9月正式开学。筹集到善款后，该学校终于开学。open意为“开张，开始”，此处表示学校开学，该动作发生于过去，应使用一般过去时，open应变为opened。故填(o)pened。
139．句意：起初困难重重，但是张老师从未放弃。根据上文可知，张老师创办学校之初困难重重，beginning意为“开始”，in the beginning意为“起初”。故填(b)eginning。
140．句意：“我想让我的学生们进入好的大学。”张老师说。根据句意及首字母提示可知，张老师希望学生们的都能上好大学，enter universities意为“上大学”，此处是动词不定式作宾语补足语，enter用原形。故填(e)nter。
（2022秋·江苏盐城·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
Earthquakes happen very often in Tokyo, but Tokyo is not an unlucky city. Many special parks have been built in Tokyo to keep people s____141____ during earthquakes. These parks look nothing different from the other parks, but when earthquakes h____142____, they become life-saving places.
Many u____143____ things in those special parks can meet people’s basic meets. For e____144____, it is usually hard for people to get water after earthquakes. In the special parks, people can g____145____ drinking water from the water pump. I____146____ people need to use toilet, they can choose special toilets that can be used without water. What’s m____147____, if people need to cook in the parks, some special benches can become cooking better.
However, those useful things are not enough for people to f____148____ earthquakes. The most i____149____ part lies in training people. This will let people think and m_____150_____ faster during real earthquakes and let them protect themselves better.

【答案】
141．(s)afe 142．(h)appen 143．(u)seful 144．(e)xample 145．(g)et 146．(I)f 147．(m)ore 148．(f)ace 149．(i)mportant 150．(m)ove

【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述东京的一些很特殊的公园可以在地震时让人们避难，并满足人们的基本需求。
141．句意：在东京建了很多特殊的公园来保证人们地震时的安全。根据“keep people”可知用形容词作宾补，根据首字母提示及“earthquake”可知表达“安全”，用形容词“safe”。故填(s)afe。
142．句意：这些公园和其他公园看上去没什么不同，但是当地震发生的时候，它们变成救生之处。这是“when”引导的时间状语从句，根据“ earthquakes”及首字母提示可知表达“发生”，动词用“happen”。主语是复数概念，谓语动词用动词原形即可。故填(h)appen。
143．句意：在那些特殊的公园里，很多有用的东西可以满足人们的基本需求。名词“things”用形容词修饰，根据首字母提示及“can meet people’s basic meets”可知表达有用的，用形容词“useful”作定语。故填(u)seful。
144．句意：例如，对人们来说，地震之后得到水通常很难。根据前文“can meet people’s basic meets”及后文“drinking water from the water pump”可知是在举例子说明满足人们的基本需求，根据首字母提示可知表达“例如”，用短语“for example”。故填(e)xample。
145．句意：在特殊的公园里，人们可以从水泵里得到饮用水。情态动词“can”后用动词原形。根据前文“get water”可知此处表达“得到饮用水”，用动词“get”。故填(g)et。
146．句意：如果人们需要用厕所，他们可以选择特殊的厕所，这些厕所没有水也能使用。根据“people need to use toilet”及首字母提示可知是条件状语从句，表达“如果人们需要用厕所”，用连词“if”引导从句。句首首字母大写。故填(I)f。
147．句意：另外，如果人们需要在公园里烹饪，一些特殊的长凳可以让烹饪做得更好。根据“if people need to cook in the parks”可知在进一步讲述这个特殊的公园满足人们的需求，根据首字母提示可知句子用短语“what’s more”，表达“而且，另外”。故填(m)ore。
148．句意：然而，对人们来说面对地震那些有用的东西不是很足够。句子是“enough for sb. to do”的结构，根据首字母提示及“earthquakes”可知表达“面对地震”，用动词“face”。故填(f)ace。
149．句意：最重要的事情是训练人们。名词“part”用形容词修饰，根据“the most”可知是多音节形容词最高级形式，根据首字母提示可知句子表达“最重要的”，用“the most important”。故填(i)mportant。
150．句意：这将会让人们在真正地震的时候思考并快速移动，让他们更好地保护自己。句子用“let sb. do”的结构，根据“think and”可知用动词原形形成并列结构。根据首字母提示及“faster during real earthquake”可知表达移动，用动词“move”。故填(m)ove。
（2022春·江苏南京·八年级南师附中新城初中校联考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。

Today, people can turn on their televisions and watch the Olympics every two years, alternating between summer and winter games. The world’s best athletes t____151____ hard before the games and hope to win a gold, silver, or bronze medal.
However, the first Olympics was quite different from t____152____ Olympic Games. Held in 776 BC at Olympia, in ancient Greece, the games honored the Greek god Zeus. The competition was a c____153____ for athletes to bring honor to their city-states, just as athletes bring honor to their countries nowadays. However, in ancient Greece, only men were allowed to participate.
For 13 years, the ancient Olympics had just one event, a running race. Gradually, the games expanded to i____154____ sports such as chariot and horse racing, boxing, and the pentathlon. The pentathlon i____155____ is made up of five different events: running, wrestling, jumping, throwing a discus, and throwing a javelin.
The ancient Greek Olympics e____156____ around 395 BC and weren’t played again for over 2, 200 years. Finally, in 1894, a Frenchman named Pierre de Coubertin decided to bring the games back. The games were held in 1896 and included nine events. Today’s Olympics include even more sports, such as soccer and skiing, and are now s____157____ into the Summer and Winter Olympics. Cities around the world take turns hosting the Olympics.
W____158____ stopped for seven days before and seven days after the ancient Olympics so that athletes could travel safely to the games. In a s____159____ way, many believe that today’s Olympic Games create goodwill, as nations exhibit strength through competitive sports rather than through battle.
The Paralympics are held every Olympic year. To be in the games, athletes must have a disability. Some don’t have arms or legs. Some have poor balance. Some are in wheelchairs. Some others are b____160____ . The great thing about these games is not the attention to their disability but their skills.

【答案】
151．(t)rain 152．(t)oday’s 153．(c)hance 154．(i)nclude 155．(i)tself 156．(e)nded 157．(s)eparated 158．(W)ars 159．(s)imilar 160．(b)lind

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是奥运会的历史和古代奥运会与现代奥运会的区别。
151．句意：世界上最好的运动员们在比赛前努力训练并且希望赢得金牌，银牌和铜牌。分析句子结构可知此处应填一个谓语动词，结合首字母提示及“and hope to win a gold, silver, or bronze medal.”可知这里说的是运动员们努力训练并希望赢得奖牌，并且时态应是一般现在时；又因主语athletes是复数，所以谓语动词用原形，故空处应是train“训练”，动词。故填(t)rain。
152．句意：然而，第一届奥林匹克运动会与现代的奥林匹克运动会很不一样。根据首字母提示及“However, the first Olympics was quite different ...”可知此处讲的是古代奥运和现代奥运会的区别；应填today’s“今天的”，故填(t)oday’s。
153．句意：比赛是运动员们为他们的城邦争光的机会，就像当今运动员为自己国家争光一样。根据首字母提示及空后“just as athletes bring honor to their countries nowadays. ”可知此处应指奥林匹克比赛给运动员们提供了为他们城市争光的机会，故空处应是chance“机会”，名词；根据空前的冠词a，可知此处为可数名词单数。故填(c)hance。
154．句意：渐渐地，奥运会项目扩大到包括马车赛，赛马，拳击和五项全能等项目。根据首字母提示及“such as chariot and horse racing, boxing, and the pentathlon.”可知此处应指奥运会包括的项目，故空处应是include“包括”，动词；分析句子结构可知，空前有不定式符号to，故填动词原形。故填(i)nclude。
155．句意：五项全能由五个不同的项目组成：疾跑，摔跤，跳远，铁饼和标枪。根据首字母提示及句子结构可知，此处应是反身代词作“The pentathlon”的同位语，故空处应是itself“它自己”，反身代词。故填(i)tself。
156．句意：古希腊奥运会在公元前395年左右结束，并且在2200多年的时间里再也没有举行过。根据首字母提示及“and weren’t played again for over 2, 200 years.”可知本句是一般过去式，且此处指奥运会结束的时间，故空处应填end“结束”，动词。故填(e)nded。
157．句意：现代奥运会包括更多的运动项目，如足球和滑雪，并且分为夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会。根据首字母提示及空后“...the Summer and Winter Olympics.”可知空处是指现代奥运会分为了夏季和冬季奥运会，故空处应填separate“使分开”，动词；分析句子结构可知此处是被动语态，其结构为be+done。故填(s)eparated。
158．句意：在古代奥运会之前和之后的七天，战争会停止，以便运动员能够安全前往奥运会。根据首字母提示及“so that athletes could travel safely to the games. ”可知，此处指战争停止，故空处应填war“战争”，可数名词；其前没有任何冠词或限定词修饰，故用名词复数形式。故填(W)ars。
159．句意：同样，许多人认为现代奥运会创造了友善，因为各国通过体育竞技而不是战斗来展示实力。根据首字母提示及前一句“so that athletes could travel safely to the games. ”和“as nations exhibit strength through...”可知，此处讲的是古代和现代奥运会的类似之处，故空处应填similar“相似的”，形容词。故填(s)imilar。
160．句意：有些人是盲人。根据首字母提示及前一句“Some are in wheelchairs.”可知此处指盲人，故空处应填blind“失明的”，形容词。故填(b)lind。
（2022春·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）请根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
China is an old country with a rich culture. When travelling to China, understanding Chinese culture and customs is i____161____ for you to behave in a good way.
It’s becoming popular for foreigners to be invited into Chinese homes. Being invited to a Chinese family’s home can be a wonderful and warm e____162____. Chinese people are known to be very welcoming（好客）. When you’re invited to a Chinese family’s home, make sure you arrive on time. Don’t forget to say good words about s____163____ you like in the house. Gifts are usually given when visiting someone’s home or being invited for dinner. Chinese people like to r____164____ fruit or tea in a nice box or basket.
After some small talks, comes the dinner. A Chinese dinner table is a happy place, f____165____ of delicious food and conversation. When invited over for dinner, make sure to notice what everybody else is doing and try to do the s____166____. You’d better eat plenty of food to show you’re enjoying it. Don’t finish off the whole dish, but leave a small amount of food on the plates. It shows that the host has p____167____ enough food.
For foreigners, Chinese people may be very curious（好奇的）. Chinese people aren’t afraid to ask personal questions, even if you’ve met for the f____168____ time. So, don’t be surprised to be asked things like your age, your education or your work. You do not have to answer these questions. If you don’t want to talk about your own life, j____169____ explain to them.
Enjoy yourself in the warm and welcoming world of the local Chinese. As a g____170____ in China, you will get special treatment. And your hosts make sure you will have a good time.

【答案】
161．(i)mportant 162．(e)xperience 163．(s)omething 164．(r)eceive 165．(f)ull 166．(s)ame 167．(p)repared 168．(f)irst 169．(j)ust 170．(g)uest

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍去中国旅行时需要注意的事项。
161．句意：去中国旅游时，了解中国的文化和习俗对你的行为举止很重要。根据“When travelling to China, understanding Chinese culture and customs is i...for you to behave in a good way.”可知，去一个地方旅行，了解中国的文化和习俗对你的行为举止很重要，important“重要的”，在句中作表语，故填(i)mportant。
162．句意：被邀请到中国家庭做客是一种美妙而温暖的体验。根据“Being invited to a Chinese family’s home can be a wonderful and warm e...”可知，被邀请去中国家庭做客是好的体验，experience“体验”，此前有a修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填(e)xperience。
163．句意：别忘了称赞家里你喜欢的东西。根据“Don’t forget to say good words about s...you like in the house.”可知，别忘了称赞你喜欢的东西，用不定代词something作宾语，故填(s)omething。
164．句意：中国人喜欢收到装在漂亮盒子或篮子里的水果或茶。根据“Chinese people like to r...fruit or tea in a nice box or basket.”可知，中国人喜欢收到水果和茶，receive“收到”，like to do sth“喜欢做某事”，故填(r)eceive。
165．句意：中国的餐桌是一个快乐的地方，充满了美味的食物和交谈。根据“A Chinese dinner table is a happy place, f...of delicious food and conversation.”可知，此处是full of短语，意为“充满”，故填(f)ull。
166．句意：当被邀请来家里吃饭时，一定要注意到其他人在做什么，并试着做同样的事情。根据“When invited over for dinner, make sure to notice what everybody else is doing and try to do the s...”可知，跟其他人做相同的事，same“相同的事物”，故填(s)ame。
167．句意：这表明主人已经准备了足够的食物。根据“Don’t finish off the whole dish, but leave a small amount of food on the plates. It shows that the host has p...enough food.”可知，剩点食物证明主人准备充足，prepare“准备”，用于现在完成时结构中，故填(p)repared。
168．句意：中国人不怕问私人问题，即使你们是第一次见面。根据“Chinese people aren’t afraid to ask personal questions, even if you’ve met for the f...time.”可知，此处是for the first time短语，意为“第一次”，故填(f)irst。
169．句意：如果你不想谈论自己的生活，就向他们解释。根据“If you don’t want to talk about your own life, j...explain to them.”可知，如果你不想谈论自己的生活，就向他们解释，just“就，只”符合语境，故填(j)ust。
170．句意：作为中国的客人，你会得到特殊待遇。根据“As a g... in China, you will get special treatment.”可知，客人会得到特殊待遇，guest“客人”，此前有a修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填(g)uest。
（2022春·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）
With the increasing population and cars, many countries w___171___ their fuel or petrol (汽油) will run out soon, so fuel price has risen up to n___172___ 10 yuan per litre (升). As a result, the cost of running a petrol-based car becomes higher and higher.
    Have you ever thought of b___173___ an electric (电) car? Now it’s clear that we all need to act on our empty wallet as well as s___174___ climate (气候) change, however, will people really be ready to make changes in their lives? Can we really make our e___175___ greener than it is now?
If you want to buy an electric car,which would you like? That is a question. It all d___176___ on your personal taste. On May 28, 2022, so many Electronic smart cars made by Chinese auto companies s___177___ at Greater Bay Area Auto Show in Shenzhen, Guangdong province, which caught lots of young people’s eyes.
However, Electric cars aren’t perfect just yet. It may t___178___ eight hours or more to charge (充电) a car for only 300 km of driving. Many people think it a waste of time. Price is a problem, too. Electric cars cost much. The good news is that electric-car technology (技术) is getting better. As it does, the prices of this kind of cars are going down.
In order to charge the car more easily, our Chinese government is trying to build more charging stations around the country. And it will be a good c___179___ to work out the problem of charging on a long-distance trip.
Because of better batteries (电池), last month (in May, 2022), 51.2% of all new car registrations (登记) were electric cars. Among them, Chinese auto companies made a great contribution (贡献). So the change is starting to happen. It is safe to say that Chinese auto industry is overtaking in the corner.
Now car-makers are looking for other ways to make the car cheaper. Then more people will use electric cars and we will have a clean and green world in the near f_____180_____. Maybe, you can give them an opportunity, especially those made in China.

【答案】
171．(w)orry 172．(n)early 173．(b)uying 174．(s)erious 175．(e)nvironment/(e)arth 176．(d)epends 177．(s)hone 178．(t)ake 179．(c)hance 180．(f)uture

【导语】本文主要讲述了电动汽车的使用会成为一种趋势以及其优势。
171．句意：随着人口和汽车的增加，许多国家担心它们的燃料或汽油很快就会用完，因此燃料价格已经上涨到每升近10元。根据“many countries...their fuel or petrol (汽油) will run out soon,”和首字母可知，此处是指担心燃料或汽油用完。worry“担心”，动词；再根据“the cost of running a petrol-based car becomes”可知，本句描述一个客观事实，需用一般现在时。主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(w)orry。
172．句意：随着人口和汽车的增加，许多国家担心它们的燃料或汽油很快就会用完，因此燃料价格已经上涨到每升近10元。根据“fuel price has risen up to...10 yuan per litre”和首字母可知，此处是指燃油价格已涨到每升近10元。nearly“几乎”，副词。故填(n)early。
173．句意：你有没有想过买一辆电动汽车？根据“If you want to buy an electric car”可知，此处是指买一辆电动汽车。buy“买”，动词；又因空前有介词“of”，其后跟动名词形式。故填(b)uying。
174．句意：现在很明显，我们都需要对我们的空钱包以及严重的气候变化采取行动。根据“make our...greener than it is now?”和首字母可知，此处是指此处是指严重的气候变化。serious“严重的”，形容词作定语。故填(s)erious。
175．句意：我们真的可以让我们的环境/地球比现在更环保吗？根据“Can we really make our...greener than it is now?”和常识可知，燃油汽车对环境/地球不环保。所以此处是指使用电动汽车可以让环境/地球比现在更环保吗。environment“环境”/earth“地球”，名词。故填(e)nvironment/(e)arth。
176．句意：这完全取决于您的个人品味。固定短语depend on“取决于”；本句是一般现在时，且主语“It”是单数，动词用三单形式。故填(d)epends。
177．句意：2022年5月28日，众多中国车企打造的智能电动汽车在广东深圳大湾区车展上大放异彩，吸引了众多年轻人的目光。根据“so many Electronic smart cars made by Chinese auto companies...at Greater Bay Area Auto Show in Shenzhen”和首字母可知，此处是指智能电动汽车在车展上大放异彩。固定短语shine at sth.“表现出色”；再根据“caught lots of young people’s eyes.”可知，本句是一般过去时，动词需用过去式shone。故填(s)hone。
178．句意：充电300公里，可能需要8小时甚至更长时间。根据“It may...eight hours or more to charge (充电) a car for only 300 km of driving.”和备选词可知，“take”符合语境，意为花费时间。故填(t)ake。
179．句意：这将是一个解决长途旅行充电问题的好机会。根据“it will be a good...to work out the problem of charging on a long-distance trip.”和首字母可知，此处是指解决问题的好机会。固定句型it’s a good chance to do sth.“这是做某事的好机会”。故填(c)hance。
180．句意：然后更多的人将使用电动汽车，我们将在不久的将来拥有一个清洁绿色的世界。根据“we will have a clean and green world in the near...”可知，本句是一般将来时，此处future“将来”符合语境，固定短语in the future“在将来”。故填(f)uture。
（2022春·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，每空一词。
After my parents’ divorce（离婚）, I moved with my father to a small town when I was 12 years old. I already knew that my teen years would be a h____181____ time of my life. I was a total outsider（旁观者）and a stranger at a new school. I felt really l____182____ in my small town.
But by starting to do volunteer work when I was 14, I turned my problem into a love of h____183____ others. This made me feel like my life had a greater purpose. The more positive（积极的）energy I s____184____, the more kindness I received. I realized that my purpose in life would be to reach out to people, especially teenagers, and help them feel l____185____lonely. Then books entered my life with its special warmth.
Thanks to the w____186____ who wrote those books, the kindness from their books saved my life. Later, one of my biggest d____187____ was to become a writer so I could write books that would help other teenagers the way those books helped me. Luckily, I have been a full-time writer of teen novels since 2007. I am thankful for this great c____188____ to reach out to my young readers every day.
Small kind acts can change someone’s life. You n____189____ know what someone else is going through. But by practicing daily k_____190_____, you can become an architect（缔造者）of positive change.

【答案】
181．(h)ard 182．(l)onely 183．(h)elping 184．(s)hared 185．(l)ess 186．(w)riters 187．(d)reams 188．(c)hance 189．(n)ever 190．(k)indness

【导语】本文主要讲述了作者父母离婚之后，作者感到很孤独，但是作者从志愿者活动以及读书中找到了人生目标，并意识到一些小善举可以改变一个人的生活。
181．句意：我已经知道，我的青少年时期将是我一生中的艰难时刻。根据“After my parents’ divorce...”以及首字母可知作者的父母离婚了，所以作者觉得青少年时期是很艰难的，修饰名词time用形容词hard“艰难的”。故填(h)ard。
182．句意：在我的小镇上，我感到非常孤独。根据“I was a total outsider（旁观者）and a stranger at a new school”以及首字母可知作者在学校是一个陌生人，所以作者感到很孤独，作表语用形容词lonely“孤独的”。故填(l)onely。
183．句意：我把我的问题变成了对帮助他人的热爱。根据“But by starting to do volunteer work”以及首字母可知作者做志愿者去帮助别人，help“帮助”，介词of后加动名词。故填(h)elping。
184．句意：我分享的正能量越多，我得到的善意就越多。根据“The more positive（积极的）energy I”以及首字母可知作者做志愿者，去分享自己的积极能力，share“分享”，描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(s)hared。
185．句意：我意识到我的人生目标是接触人们，尤其是青少年，帮助他们减少孤独感。根据“and help them feel...lonely”以及首字母可知是帮助让他们不那么孤独，less lonely“不那么孤独”。故填(l)ess。
186．句意：感谢写这些书的作家，他们书中的善意拯救了我的生命。根据“who wrote those books”以及首字母可知是写这些书的作家，writer“作家”，此处用名词复数。故填(w)riters。
187．句意：后来，我最大的梦想之一是成为一名作家，这样我就可以写出能帮助其他青少年的书，就像那些书对我的帮助一样。根据“was to become a writer so I could write books”以及首字母可知成为一名作家是作者的其中一个梦想，dream“梦想”，one of后加名词复数。故填(d)reams。
188．句意：我很感激有这个每天接触我的年轻读者的好机会。根据“reach out to my young readers every day”以及首字母可知作者成为了一名作家，所以有机会接触年轻的读者，chance“机会”，this后加名词单数。故填(c)hance。
189．句意：你永远不知道别人正在经历什么。根据“know what someone else is going through”以及首字母可知是永远不知道别人的经历，never“从不”。故填(n)ever。
190．句意：但是通过每天练习善良，你可以成为积极改变的缔造者。根据“Small kind acts can change someone’s life”以及首字母可知一些小善举可以带来积极改变，形容词daily后加名词kindness“善良”。故填(k)indness。
（2022春·江苏镇江·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
Wonder, by United States writer R. J. Palacio, is a powerful story of transformation (改变). It tells the story of a special boy, August Pullman, who was b____191____ with a serious facial difference. And up till now, it has p____192____ him from going to a mainstream school.
When he first started school at 10, everyone made fun of him. August wanted n____193____ more than to be treated as a kid like others—but his new classmates can’t get past his strange face. Students often bully (欺负) him for not looking normal (正常的). H____194____, he makes true friends there and even wins an award at his graduation ceremony. August is a hero for the ages, one who proves that you can’t blend in when you were born to stand out.
This book has t____195____ my heart. It’s not a fairy tale—life isn’t one. I____196____, the story is very realistic, as it shows what could I really happen in middle school. What’s more, it’s told from different points of view (视角). Wonder begins from August’s point of view, but soon switches to (切换到) others’, i____197____ his classmates’, his sister’s and so on. This o____198____ readers a chance to understand different characters’ feelings and thoughts.
I think we can all relate to August. In one way or another, we are all just like him. We each have our own d____199____, but we shouldn’t try to change ourselves to fit in. We all experience ups and downs, but like August, we’ve got the c____200____ back and won. Despite all the brutality (残忍) in the world, there’s always a reason to smile.

【答案】
191．(b)orn 192．(p)revented 193．(n)othing 194．(H)owever 195．(t)ouched 196．(I)nstead 197．(i)ncluding 198．(o)ffers 199．(d)ifferences 200．(c)onfidence

【导语】本文是一篇议论文，读者介绍了读《奇迹男孩》有感。
191．句意：它讲述了一个特殊的男孩奥古斯特·普尔曼的故事，他生来就有严重的面部差异。根据“who was…with a serious facial difference”及首字母可知，此处是短语be born with“与生俱来”。故填(b)orn。
192．句意：到目前为止，这使他无法进入主流学校。根据“And up till now, it has…him from going to a mainstream school.”及首字母可知，August脸部的差异阻止他进入主流学校。prevent sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。此处是现在完成时，结构是has done，故谓语动词用其过去分词。故填(p)revented。
193．句意：August只想像其他人一样被当作一个孩子对待。根据“August wanted…more than to be”及首字母可知，此处是短语want nothing more than to do sth.“一心只想做某事”。故填(n)othing。
194．句意：然而，他在那里结交了真正的朋友，甚至在毕业典礼上获奖。根据“Students often bully (欺负) him for not looking normal (正常的). …he makes true friends there”及首字母可知，前后文之间是转折关系，空格与后文用逗号隔开，故用however“然而”。故填(H)owever。
195．句意：这本书触动了我的心。根据“This book has…my heart.”及首字母可知，此处指书籍触动读者的心。touch“触动”，动词。本句是现在完成时，结构是has done，故谓语动词用其过去分词。故填(t)ouched。
196．句意：相反，这个故事非常现实，因为它展示了我在中学时可能真正发生的事情。根据“It’s not a fairy tale—life isn’t one.…, the story is very realistic”及首字母可知，前后是相反的两种情况，应用instead表“相反”。故填(I)nstead。
197．句意：Wonder从August的角度开始，但很快就转到了其他人的角度，包括他的同学、妹妹等等。根据“but soon switches to (切换到) others’,…his classmates’, his sister’s”及首字母可知，此处介绍书籍其他的叙写角度包括August的同学的、妹妹的等等。including“包括”，介词。故填(i)ncluding。
198．句意：这为读者提供了一个了解不同角色感受和想法的机会。根据“This…readers a chance to understand different characters’ feelings and thoughts.”及首字母可知，不同的角度提供给读者更好了解角色的机会。offer sb. sth.“提供给某人某物”。本句是一般现在时，主语是代词this，故谓语动词用其单三形式。故填(o)ffers。
199．句意：我们每个人都有自己的不同，但我们不应该试图改变自己来适应。根据“We each have our own…, but we shouldn’t try to change ourselves to fit in”及首字母可知，此处指我们每个人都有不同。difference“不同”，名词，用其复数形式表泛指。故填(d)ifferences。
200．句意：我们都经历过起伏，但就像八月一样，我们找回了信心并取得了胜利。根据“We all experience ups and downs, but like August, we’ve got the…back and won”及首字母可知，此处指像August一样找回信心。confidence“信心”，名词，作宾语。故填(c)onfidence。