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英语必修 第一册Unit 1 Back to school导学案
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这是一份英语必修 第一册Unit 1 Back to school导学案，共17页。学案主要包含了同步知识梳理，同步语法梳理，精题精练精讲，新三单词拓展，能力拓展训练，解题导语，课后巩固训练等内容，欢迎下载使用。
学生姓名：
辅导内容： U1
教学目标：重点单词：focus/detail/base/remind/aim/proposal/exchange/contribution
重点短语：as a result of
重点句型：so…that…”意为 “如此…以至于…/过去分词作状语
【同步知识梳理】
知识点1：focus n. 焦点，重点，中心点
用法解析及拓展：
课文原句： Setting goals gives you a focus in life. 设定目标会让你的生活有重点。
例：Our main focus is on helping people get back into work. 我们关注的重点是帮助人们再就业。
vt. & vi. (把…)集中于；调节（…的）焦距；使聚焦
常用搭配： focus on 集中（注意力，精力等）于
focus one’s attention on sth. 把某人的注意力集中到某事上
近义短语：center on （注意力）集中到（=be centred on）
concentrate …on 把注意力集中于，全神贯注于
fix one’s attention /eyes/ mind on 把注意力/ 双眼/ 思想集中于…上（常用语被动语态）
例题训练：
With the attention _______(focus) on the task,they had no time to take part in the party.
focused
知识点2：detail n. 细节，具体情况，详情
用法解析及拓展：
课文原句：To realize your goals, you need to have a good plan, manage your time well and pay attention to details. 为了实现你的目标，你需要有一个好的计划，管理好你的时间，并关注细节。
常用搭配： in detail 详细地（放在句末做状语）
go into detail(s) 详细叙述
for further details 欲知详情
例：For further details, you can read the next chapter first.
知识点3：as a result of 由于
用法解析及拓展：
课文原句：As a result of your action, your dream will come true and hopefully you will live a happy life. 有了你的行动，你的梦想就会实现，你也有希望过上幸福的生活。
特别注意：as a result “结果，因此”，单独做状语
例：As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. 结果，人类形成了至今仍存在的一系列的性格类型。
拓展：result in+ 结果，导致，造成
result from + 原因（由…而）造成
例句：The talks resulted in reducing the number of missiles.
We are still dealing with problems resulting from errors made in the past.
例题训练：
Jenny nearly missed the flight as a result _______ doing too much shopping.
His failure resulted _________ not working hard enough.
of;from
知识点4：base vt. 以…为基础（依据）
n. 根据，基础，基地，总部，大本营，底部
用法解析及拓展：
课文原句： Instead, you should set goals based on your abilities and skills. 相反，你应该基于你的能力和技巧来定目标。
常用搭配：be based on / upon 以…为根据/ 基础
例：Being an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. = Based on emotion rather than on reason, your important decision will make you regretful sooner or later. 把重要的决定建立在情感之上，而不是理性之上，你早晚要后悔的。
联想词：basic adj. 基本的，基础的，根本的
basically adv. 基本的，从跟本上说
basis n. 基础 （pl.） bases
例题训练：
________(base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason,you will regret it sooner
or later.
Basing
知识点5：remind vt.提醒, 使想起
用法解析及拓展：
课文原句： This will remind you of what you are working for and keep you focused. 这会让你想到你再为什么而努力并且让你精力集中。
常见用法： remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事，是某人想起某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
remind sb. that 提醒某人….
例：The pictures will remind me of the days when we were in our hometown. 这些照片让我想起我们在故乡的日子。
I have to remind myself that some birds aren’t meant to be caged. Their feathers are just too bright. 我得经常提醒自己，有些鸟儿是关不住的，他们的羽毛太鲜亮了。
例题训练：
The letter was an uncomfortable __________(remind) of my debts.
reminder
知识点6：proposal propose vt. 提议；建议 suggestion / recommendation / advice （同义词）
用法解析及拓展：
原文：Proposal for a new club成立新俱乐部的提议、
◆ n. 提议，建议，动议；求婚
put forward/ come up with a proposal 提出建议
make a proposal 提出建议；求婚
propose (doing) sth. 提议(做)某事
propose that … （should）do 提议/建议…做
①How could you make a proposal without a ring?
你怎么可以去求婚而不带上戒指呢？
②He was the first person to propose the construction of the bridge.
他是第一个提议建这座桥的人。
③She proposed that the book should be banned.
她提议查禁这本书
例题训练：
①He __________________ which was worth consideration.
他提出一项值得考虑的建议
②_________________ pay the money from public funds.
有人提议用公款支付这笔钱。
③His proposal that the system _______________ was rejected.
他提的关于修改制度的建议被拒绝了。
【答案】
① put forward a proposal ② It was proposed to ③ should be changed
知识点7：aim n. 目的，目标，瞄准
用法解析及拓展：
课文原句： Club aim: To improve short story writing skills. 俱乐部目的：提高短篇故事的写作技巧。
常用搭配： take aim at 瞄准，批评； achieve one’s aim 达到某人的目的
with the aim of…目的是
例：Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims. 完成这些目标需要团队合作。
② vi. & vt. 力争做到，目的是，针对，瞄准
常用搭配： aim to do sth. 力争做到某事
aim at 瞄准，目的在于，针对
be aimed at doing sth. 旨在做某事
例：In a word, the programmer aims to encourage students to be active citizens and engage themselves in making a difference in society. 总之，这个计划的目的是鼓励学生们成为积极的市民并让他们在社会中发挥作用。
This activity is aimed at improving the students’ ability of listening and speaking. 这项活动的目的是为了提高学生的听说能力。
例题训练：
① We teenagers should_______________ something useful to the society.
我们青年人应该以为社会做贡献为目标。
② What ________________ in New Year?
在新的一年里你的目标是什么？
③ She went to London __________________ a job.
她去伦敦是为了找工作。
① aim at contributing ②do you aim to do ③with the aim of finding
知识点8：exchange n. 交换，交流，兑换
用法解析及拓展：
课文原句： Last year, I had the chance to study at a British secondary school as an exchange student. 去年，我有机会作为交换生在英国的一所中学学习。
常用搭配：in exchange for…
例：It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money in exchange for favors to them. 公务人员为某些人提供便利以换取礼品或金钱的行为是非法的。
② vt. 交换，交流，兑换
常见搭配： exchange sth. with sb. 和某人交换某物
exchange A for B 用A换B
例：If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. 如果课程不能让您十分满意，您可以轻松将其换成我们提供的其他任何课程。
例题训练：
①I’ve never ______________________ those moms.
我从来没和那些妈妈们说过话。
②Would you like my old TV ______________________________?
用我的旧电视机换这架照相机，你愿意吗？
①exchanged words with ②in exchange for this camera
知识点9：alarm n. 闹钟，恐慌，警报，警报器
用法解析及拓展：
课文原句： I like it so much that I still use it as my alarm！我如此喜欢它以至于我仍然在用它作为我的闹钟！
常用搭配：in alarm 惊恐地（常用作状语）
raise/ sound the alarm 发出警报
a fire/ smoke alarm 防火/ 烟雾警报器
an alarm clock 闹钟
an alarm system 警报系统
例：I turned in alarm as the wind blew the door open. 风把门吹开，我惊慌地转过头看。
② vt. 使惊恐，使害怕
例：This is an unfortunate aspect of the Internet that alarms me. 这是英特网一个不利的方面， 使我有些不安。
联想词： alarmed adj. 担忧的，恐慌的
be alarmed by/ at sth. 因某事而恐慌
be alarmed to do sth. 做某事而感到恐慌
例：I was alarmed to see the men carrying guns. 看到那些人带着枪我感到很恐慌。
② alarming adj. 令人担忧的，令人恐慌的
例：As we all know, with the development of science and technology, the earth’s resources are running out at an alarming rate, so we should make good use of them. 众所周知，随着科技的发展，地球的资源正在以惊人的速度消耗着，因此我们应该充分利用它们。
例题训练：
①__________________ in the middle of the night .
半夜里一辆汽车的警报器突然响了起来
②She shrieked____________ when she saw the mouse.
她看见老鼠时惊恐地尖声喊叫起来。
③Our countryside is disappearing _________________.
我们的农村地区正在以惊人的速度消亡。
①A car alarm went off ②in alarm ③at an alarming rate
知识点10：contribution n. 贡献，捐款，捐赠，稿件
用法解析及拓展：
课文原句：Class discussion is very important in the UK, but I could not make much of a contribution because sometimes I wasn’t able to express myself clearly in English. 课堂讨论在英国很重要，但我做不了多少贡献，因为有时候我无法清楚地用英语表达自己的想法。
◆n.贡献；捐赠；捐款；投稿
contribute to 有助于；导致，促成；
contribute … to … 向… 投稿/ 捐赠
make (great) contributions to 对…做出(巨大的)贡献
①We contributed ￡5 000 to the earthquake fund.
我们向地震基金捐赠了 5 000 英镑。
②The three sons also contribute to the family business.
3个儿子也为家族企业做贡献。
③ Learning English makes contributions to one's development to some extent.
英语也为个人发展做出一定得贡献。
联想词： contribute vi & vt. 捐献，捐赠；（给报纸，杂志）撰稿，投稿vi.促成
contributor n. 投稿人，捐款人，促成者
例题训练：
①We're not saying that everyone needs to ___________________________.
我们并不是要每个人都必须为穷人奉献生命。
②I believe that each of us can ______________ the future of the world.
我相信我们每一个人都能为世界的未来做出贡献。
②I persuaded myself that I could _______________________________.
我相信我能为祖国作出贡献。
①contribute their lives to the poor ②contribute to ③make contributions to the motherland
知识点11： fortunately
用法解析及拓展：
原文：Fortunately, my teachers and classmates were always helpful and gave me lots of encouragement. 幸运的是，我的老师和同学们一直乐于助人，给了我很多鼓励。 （教材P12）
◆adv. 幸运的；辛亏
make a fortunate 发财
try one’s fortunate 碰运气
be fortunate in 在某方面幸运
be fortunate to do sth. 有幸做某事
①I was late, but fortunately the meeting hadn't started.
我迟到了，不过幸好会议还没有开始。
②I was fortunate to be one of the lucky user.
我有幸成为幸运网友之一。
③We became companions in misfortune.
我们成了患难之交。
联想词：fortune n. 财富；命运；运气 fortunate adj. adj. 幸运的;吉利的
misfortune n. 不幸 unfortunate adj. unfortunately adv.
知识点12：attract vt. 吸引，使喜欢，招引，引起（反应）
用法解析及拓展：
例：The one that attracted me most was the Rugby club.
最吸引我的是英式橄榄球俱乐部。
常见搭配： attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意
attract sb. to sth. 吸引某人关注某物
例：Professor David Wilson thinks that it can attract the police’s attention to group behavior. 戴维·威尔逊教授认为它可以吸引警察关注群体行为。
联想词：attraction n. 吸引力，有吸引力的事，向往的地方 tourist attraction 风景区
attractive adj. 有吸引力的
知识点13：过去分词作状语
原文： Instead, you should set goals based on your abilities and skills.相反，你应该根据你的能力和技能来设定目标。
用法解析及拓展：
本句中“based on your abilities and skills”是过去分词作方式状语。过去分词作状语，在意义上相当于一个状语从句。可以表示时间，原因，条件，让步，结果等。
①Asked (When he was asked) what had happened, his face turned red. （时间状语）
当他被问及发生了什么的时候，他的脸红了。
②Frightened (Because she was frightened) by the horror movie, the girl didn't dare to sleep alone. （原因状语）
因为被惊悚电影吓坏了，这个女孩不敢单独睡觉。
③Grown (If these seeds are grown) in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. （条件状语）
如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
④Left (Although he was left) at home, John didn't feel afraid at all. （让步状语）
虽然John被单独留在房间里, 他一点都不害怕。
⑤She walked out of the house, (and she was) followed by her little daughter. （伴随状语）
她走出房子，后面跟着她小女儿。
例题训练：
①_________________, water changes into steam.
当加热时，水变成水蒸气。
② ________________what he did (Because the teacher was satisfied with...), the teacher praised him in class.
由于老师对他所做的事情很满意，于是在班上表扬了他。
③______________ in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
④________________ a hundred times, he still can’t understand it.
即使给他解释一百篇，她还是不会明白。
⑤She sat by the window, ______ in thought.
①When heated ②Satisfied with ③Grown ④Explained ⑤lost
知识点14：so…that… 引导结果状语从句
原文： I like it so much that I still use it as my alarm！我是那么的喜欢它以至于我仍然拿它当闹钟！
用法解析及拓展：
本句中“so…that…”意为 “如此…以至于…”so是副词，修饰形容词或副词；that引导结果状语从句。具体形式如下：
so + adj./adv + that 从句
so +adj.+ a/an+ 可数名词单数 + that 从句
so + many/ few/ much/ little + 可数名词复数/ 不可数名词 + that 从句
例：The stone is so heavy that I can‘t lift it up.
This is so important a meeting that you should attend it.
There were so many people in the street watching the fire that firefighters could not get close to the building.
备注： so that 也可以连在一起使用；可引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句；引导目的状语从句相当于 “in order that”
①She burned the letters so that her husband would never read them.
②You've adjusted the microscope so that it reflects!
such… that… 中such 常用来修饰名词，具体形式如下：
such + a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数 + that从句
such + adj. + 不可数名词 + that从句
such + adj. + 可数名词复数 + that从句
①She is such a good teacher that all of us love and respect her.
②It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home.
③They are such interesting books that I want to read them once more.
例题训练：
他是如此聪明的一个孩子以至于老师们都很喜欢他
① _________________________________________
② _________________________________________
①He is so clever that teachers like him very much.
②He is such a clever boy that teachers like him very much.
【同步语法梳理】
句子成分和句子结构
一．句子成分
句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
1. 主语
主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
指出下列句子中的主语及它的性质：
①During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.
②often speak English in class.
③One-third of the students in this class are girls.
④To swim in the river is a great pleasure.
⑤Smoking does harm to the health.
⑥The rich should help the poor.
⑦When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.
① country music （名词） ②We （代词） ③One-third （数词） ④To swim （不定式）
⑤ Smoking （动名词） ⑥The rich （名词化的形容词） ⑦ When we are going to have an English test （主语从句）
2．谓语
谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：
1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：
He practices running every morning.
2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：
You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold.
（2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students.
3. 表语
表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。
指出下列句子中的表语及它的性质：
①Our teacher of English is an American.
②Is it yours?
③The weather has turned cold.
④The speech is exciting.
⑤Three times seven is twenty one?
⑥His job is to teach English.
⑦His hobby is playing football.
⑧The machine must be out of order.
⑨Time is up. The class is over.
⑩The truth is that he has never been abroad.
① American （名词） ②yours （代词） ③cold. （形容词） ④exciting （分词）
⑤ twenty one exciting （数词） ⑥to teach English（不定式） ⑦ playing football（动名词）
⑧ out of order（介词短语） ⑨up/ over.（副词） ⑩ that he has never been abroad（表语从句）
4. 宾语
宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。
指出下列句子中的宾语及它的性质：
①They went to see an exhibition（展览）yesterday.
②The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.
③How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.
④They helped the old with their housework yesterday.
⑤He pretended not to see me.
⑥I enjoy listening to popular music.
⑦I think（that）he is fit for his office.
① exhibition （名词） ②me （代词） ③five （数词） ④the old （名词化形容词）
⑤ not to see me （不定式短语） ⑥listening to popular music （动名词短语） ⑦ listening to popular music（宾语从句）
宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），
例如：Lend me your dictionary, please.
（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），
例如：They elected him their monitor.
5. 宾语补足语
英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。
指出下列句子中的宾补及它的性质：
①His father named him Dongming.
②They painted their boat white.
③Let the fresh air in.
④You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.
⑤We saw her entering the room.
⑥We found everything in the lab in good order.
⑦We will soon make our city what your city is now.
① Dongming （名词） ②white （形容词） ③in（副词））
④to lend his money to you（不定式短语） ⑤ entering the room（现在分词）
⑥in good order（介词短语） ⑦ what your city is now（从句）
6. 定语
修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。
指出下列句子中的定语及它的性质：
①Guilin is a beautiful city.（形容词）
②China is a developing country; America is a developed country.
③There are thirty women teachers is our school.
④His rapid progress in English made us surprised.
⑤Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.
⑥The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.
⑦He is reading an article about how to learn English.
①beautiful（形容词） ②developing/ developed （代词） ③women （名词）
④His （代词） ⑤ to enter the classroom （不定式短语） ⑥teaching （动名词）
⑦about how to learn English.（介词短语）
7. 状语：
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示：
Light travels most quickly.（副词及副词性词组）
He has lived in the city for ten years.（介词短语）
He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.（不定式短语）
He is in the room making a model plane.（分词短语）
Wait a minute.（名词）
Once you begin, you must continue.（状语从句）
指出下列句子中的状语以及其种类:
①How about meeting again at six?（时间状语）
②Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.（原因状语）
③I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.（条件状语）
④Mr Smith lives on the third floor.（地点状语）
⑤She put the eggs into the basket with great care.（方式状语）
⑥She came in with a dictionary in her hand.（伴随状语）
⑦In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.（目的状语）
⑧He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.（结果状语）
⑨She works very hard though she is old.（让步状语）
⑩I am taller than he is.（比较状语）
①at six（时间状语） ②because of the rain（原因状语） ③if it doesn’t rain（条件状语）
④on the third floor（地点状语） ⑤ with great care（方式状语） ⑥with a dictionary in her hand.（伴随状语） ⑦In order to catch up with the others（目的状语）
⑧he fell asleep immediately（结果状语） ⑨though she is old（让步状语）
⑩than he is（比较状语）
8. 同位语
对修饰对象进行补充说明或进一步解释。
Tom, my best friend, left for London yesterday.
二．英语句子的基本结构
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下：
1： Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓）
2： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）
3： Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表）
4： Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
5： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
1. 主 + 谓（SV）
此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
例如：The water is boiling . 水开了。
They have been waiting there for hours. 他们一直在那儿等了数小时。
The train will leave soon. 火车就要开了。
2. 主 + 谓+ 宾（SVO）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’，如：me，him，them等
例如：Tom has a brother. 汤姆有一个弟弟。
They wanted to have a rest. 他们想歇息一会儿。
He successfully carried out his plan . 他成功地实行了他的计划。
3. 主 + 谓+ 宾（SVO）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’，如：me，him，them等
例如：Tom has a brother. 汤姆有一个弟弟。
They wanted to have a rest. 他们想歇息一会儿。
He successfully carried out his plan . 他成功地实行了他的计划。
4. 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语（SVOO）
此句型中的谓语动词后接两个宾语："间接宾语"多由代词或名词充当；"直接宾语"，往往由名词充当。这类句型常有"给某人某物"、"送某人某物"、"留给某人某物"等意思。
例如：He brought me a coat. 他给我带来一件大衣。
Pass me the dictionary, please. 请将词典递给我。
I lend him my bicycle. 我把自行车借给他了。
5. 主 + 谓+ 宾 + 宾补（SVOC）
此句型概括了这样一种情况：有些及物动词的后面有时常带复合宾语结构（即：宾语 + 宾语补足语）。在这一结构中，宾语补足语是对宾语"做什么"、"怎么样"等方面进行补充说明。
例如：We elected him our monitor . 我们选他当班长。
The news made me happy . 那消息使我很高兴。
We know him to be an expert . 我们知道他是专家。
He heard somebody opening the door . 他听见有人在开门。
I found myself in dark . 我发现自己还蒙在鼓里。
练习：
指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：
1. The students got on the school bus.
2. He handed me the newspaper.
3. I shall answer your question after class.
4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!
5. They went hunting together early in the morning.
6. His job is to train swimmers.
7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.
8. There is going to be an American film tonight.
9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.
10. His wish is to become a scientist.
11. He managed to finish the work in time.
12. Tom came to ask me for advice.
13. He found it important to master English.
14. Do you have anything else to say?
15. To be honest, your pronunciation is not so good.
16. Would you please tell me your address?
17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.
18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.
19. He noticed a man enter the room.
20. The apples tasted sweet.
1、主语，定语；2、间接宾语；3、谓语，状语；4、定语；5、状语，状语；6、定语，表语；7、宾语，状语；8、谓语，主语；9、谓语；10、主语，表语；11、谓语，宾语；12、状语；13、形式宾语，真正宾语；14、宾语、定语；15、插入语，状语；16、宾语(间宾+直宾)；17、状语，状语；18、形式主语，表语，宾补；19、宾补；20、表语
【精题精练精讲】
一. 单词拼写
1. We'd better discuss everything in __________ (细节) before we work out the plan.
2. The photos __________ (提醒) us that we all appreciate beauty.
3. Your _________ (建议) is being actively considered.
4. This _________ (技能) is useful but it has its limitations.
5. His _________ (职业的) career started at Colgate University.
6. A distinction should be made between the primary and _________ (次要的)tasks.
7. We need to promote an open _________ (交流)of ideas and information.
8. She had a pretty _________ (艰难的) childhood.
9. He made a very positive _________ (贡献) to the success of the project.
10. _________ (幸运的是) , she knew at once what to do.
11. I would unhesitatingly choose the latter _________ (选择).
12. Films with big stars always _________ (吸引)great attention.
二. 单句语法
1. ____________ the basis of practice, this theory was generally accepted.
2. The volunteers tried to calm the ____________ (alarm) children down.
3. I did some housework for him in exchange ____________ three means a day.
4. ____________ (attract) by the sweet voice, I walked into the old house.
5. His ____________ (contribute) to the world was really admirable.
6. His ____________ (propose) was refused by his boss, which made him a little sad.
7. The girl does three part-time jobs aiming ___________ (pay) off her school loan.
8. My mother often remind me ___________ (mind) my manners in public.
9. The old man fell down. ____________ (fortunate), some passengers helped him.
10. Whatever happens, he will stick __________ his goal of entering a top university.
一. 单词拼写
1.detail 2. remind 3. proposal 4. technique 5. professional
6. secondary 7. exchange 8. tough 9. contribution 10. Fortunately
11. option 12. attract
二. 单句语法
1. On 2. alarmed 3. for 4. Attracted 5. contribution
2. 6.proposal 7. to pay 8. to mind 9. Fortunately 10. to
七选五
If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. (1) Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.
Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. (2)
Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. (3) If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.
(4) Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.
(5) If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.
There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.
A. You will stick to your diet.
B. Your quality of sleep improves.
C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.
F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly , or you're doing it now, then listen up!
1.根据空前的内容"生活忙碌没有时间锻炼"和空后的内容"晨练除了身体健康之外，还能带来其他好处"，下文接着列举了晨练的其他好处。由此可知，此处缺一个承上启下句。G项中then listen up!（那么请仔细听！）很好的起到了承上启下的作用。故选G。
2.根据上一句Exercising makes you more awake（锻炼能让你更清醒），E项（你可以在运动后保持头脑清醒4-10个小时。）是对上一句的进一步解释，故选E。
3.空前句子是本段的主题句，晨练是新陈代谢的开始，空后句子说如果晨练，则你会一整天卡路里都在燃烧，F项（锻炼之后，你一整天都在燃烧卡路里。）是空后句子的根据，空后句子是对F项的进一步延伸。故选F。
4.根据此处缺一个主题句，空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。B项（你的睡眠质量提高了。）是对后面内容的总述。故选B。
5.根据空后句子"If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day.（如果你在早晨锻炼身体，你将更有可能坚持健康的饮食。）"，A项（你将坚持你的饮食。）符合本段内容，是主题句，起到统领下文的作用。故选A。
【新三单词拓展】
新三 Lesson 2【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
◆equal v. 等于
◆raise v. 募集；筹（款）
◆vicar n. 牧师
◆torchlight n.电筒光
★equal v. 等于
A equal B
与 … 相匹敌 None of us can equal her, either in beauty or as a dancer.
eg:Mary is quite equal to John in brains.
be equal to + n: 1. 与…相匹敌
2. 有能力做某事 to- 介词
eg: I am equal to running the company.
★raise v. 募集；筹（款）
raise money 筹款
raise price 提高
raise a horse饲养
raise a family 供养
raise wheet 种植小麦
raise an army 招募
raise a shout 发出喊声
★vicar n. 牧师
★torchlight n.电筒光
Lesson 3【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
◆goddess n. 女神
◆archaeologist n. 考古学家
◆Aegean adj. 爱琴海的
◆explore v. 考察，勘探
◆promontory n. 海角
◆prosperous adj. （经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的
◆civilization n. 文明
◆storey n. 楼层
◆drainage n. 排水
◆worship n. 崇拜
◆sacred adj. 宗教的，神圣的
◆fragment n. 碎片
◆remains n. 遗物， 遗迹，废墟
◆classical adj. （希腊罗马）古文化的
◆reconstruct v. 修复
◆rest v. 倚放，放置
◆hip n. 屁股，臀部
◆full-length adj. （裙衣）拖地长的
◆graceful adj. 优雅的
◆identity n. 身份
★goddess n. 女神
★archaeologist n. 考古学家
★Aegean adj. 爱琴海的
★explore v. 考察，勘探
The archaeologists are exploring the cave.
exploration n.
explorer n.探险家
★promontory n. 海角
★prosperous adj. （经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的
Our finance is prosperous.
thriving 昌盛的，兴旺的
booming 蓬勃的，景气的
flourishing 繁茂的，健康的
★civilization n. 文明
high level of civilization高度文明
civilize v.
★storey n. 楼层
★drainage n. 排水
★worship n. 崇拜
respect; admire
Who do you worship in th world?
warship n. 军舰战船
★sacred adj. 宗教的，神圣的
holy adj. 神圣的，圣洁的
solemn adj. 庄严的，庄重的
sacred music 圣乐
sacred promise 神圣的诺言
★fragment n. 碎片
★remains n. 遗物， 遗迹，废墟
★classical adj. （希腊罗马）古文化的
classical music 古典音乐
classical education 人文科学教育
classic adj. 第一流的
This is a classic example of love at the first sight.
classic n. 杰作，经典之作
★reconstruct v. 修复
re-重新，再次
construct 构造，建造，组织
build house 造建筑物
put up a tent
construct a sentence
construct a broken statuary
erect: build high buildings
erect monument 建造纪念碑
erect clock tower 建造钟楼
setup; establish; found 建立
Eg: setup students’ union
establish a school / rule
found a country
construction n.
constructive adj. 有教育意义的
constructor n. 建设者
★rest v. 倚放，放置
★hip n. 屁股，臀部
[口] 在服用兴奋剂，宗教信仰方面赶时髦的人；消息灵通人士；adj. 通晓的，见闻广的
Eg: Hary is a real hip. 玛丽真是赶时髦
The guy isn’t a hip.这家伙什么都不懂
joined at the hip 表示交情极厚的
Eg: These two are joined at the hip.
shoot from the hip 信口开河
Eg: Sorry, I said that I shouldn’t have shot from the hip.
★full-length adj. （裙衣）拖地长的
a full-length dress
★graceful adj. 优雅的
a graceful lady
elegant (behavier)
★identity n. 身份
【能力拓展训练】
阅读理解
A
As a summer job, I used to do housework for Mr.Fleagle. When I entered his house, I saw that books were piled up （堆积）like a small hill.It was like a library,except with no order to the arrangement.
"Read, borrow, keep, or find something you like.What do you read?" Mr.Fleagle said.
"I don't know." And I didn't.I generally read what was in front of me, so I started to look through the piles of books. I asked him to choose a book for me.
"You really read all of these?"I asked.
"These aren't many,"Mr. Fleagle said,"They are nothing, just what I've kept the ones worth looking at a second time."
After a moment,he handed me a dark red hardcover book,fairly thick.
I started to read the book after finishing housework,sitting outdoors on an uncomfortable kitchen chair. Translated from French，the language was simple, impossible to resist（抵挡）. When the evening light finally failed，I moved inside and read all through the night.
Thirty years later,I still remember the experience,It was my first connection with the world literature,and I was amazed by the connected power a novel could contain.
All in all,a book,if it arrives before you at the right moment, in the proper season, will change the way of all that follows.
1. The writer thought that Mr.Fleagle was ______.
A. strict and selfish B. honest but rude
C. warm-hearted and friendly D. strong but lazy
2. From the underlined sentence,we can infer that Mr.Fleagle ______.
A. read all the books twice B. read more books than he kept
C. didn't do much reading D. liked reading foreign books
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？ ______
A. We should always take advice from others．
B. Summer jobs are really good for young people．
C. A good book can change the direction of our life．
D. A book with hardcover is usually interesting to read．
B
Carlos had been in New York for five months and he detested it. He would never forget the day when the plane landed. His parents had big smiles on their faces as they discussed the wonderful new life they would have in this great city. His older sister and brother stared in wonder and excitement at the buildings. Uncle Miguel and Aunt Esperanza thought of the good jobs they would get.
Grandmother and Grandfather told him what a lucky boy he was to come to this wonderful city. But Carlos was lonely. The city looked big, cold, and dirty to him.
They lived in an apartment(公寓) in Manhattan. There were stores and cinemas close to their home. But, Carlos didn't want these things. He loved his home in the country in Puerto Rico; he loved the green fields, the hot sun, and the lovely beaches.
He didn't want to go to school because it made him think of his friends at home. And he didn't want to learn a new language that, could never describe the world as beautifully as his own.
He began to go down to the dock(码头), because this made him feel closer to Puerto Rico. He sat down and watched the ships. He would often find a man also sitting there looking at the sea. The man was Eric—a taxi driver who came there to escape from the noisy traffic.
Eric noticed the young boy and felt his sadness. One day he said, "Yes, it's hard to leave your homeland. I remember when I left Norway 15 years ago, I know it's hard to start a new life in a new country, but let's face it. I did it, and you can do it, too."
From then on the taxi driver and the young boy began to develop a deep friendship.
4. The underlined Word "detested" in Paragraph 1 probably means "______".
A. forgot B. enjoyed C. hated D. missed
5. According to the text, ______.
A. Carlos' grandparents were afraid of the traffic in New York
B. Carlos' parents were looking forward to the life in New York
C. Carlos' uncle and aunt found it hard to get jobs in New York
D. Carlos' brother and sister got excited at the schools in New York
6. Why did Carlos feel lonely?
A. He knew nobody around his apartment.
B. No one went to the movies with him.
C. His parents left him alone at home.
D. He missed his life in Puerto Rico.
7. Eric and Carlos became friends because they ______.
A. came from the same country B. faced the same problems
C. were the same age D. both hated noise
A
【解题导语】本文属于记叙文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了Mr．Fleagle为作者推荐好书，改变了作者的态度．
1. C．推理判断题．根据文章第二段Read，borrow，keep，or find something you like．What do you read？"Mr．Fleagle said可知他热情友好；故选C．
2. B．句意理解题．根据文章第五段"These aren't many，"Mr．Fleagle said．"They are nothing，just what I've kept，the ones worth looking at a second time可知意为弗利格尔先生读的书比他保存的要多得多；故选B．
3. C．推理判断题．根据文章最后一段All in all，a book，if it arrives before you at the right moment，in the proper season，will change the way of all that follows可知一本好书可以改变我们生活的方向；故选
C
B
【解题导语】文章讲述Carlos随家人从波多黎各搬到纽约，虽然家人都很憧憬纽约的新生活，但是Carlos却感到很孤单，不适应纽约的生活，怀念波多黎各，遇到了和他有着同样的问题的Eric以后，他们成为了好朋友。
4. 从第一段的句子：But Carlos was lonely. The city looked big, cold and dirty to him但是卡洛斯是孤独的。这个城市看起来又大又冷又脏。因此可推知他“厌恶”这里，故选C。
5. 从第一段的句子：His parents had big smiles on their faces as they discussed the wonderful new life they would have in this great city.可知Carlos 的父母盼望在纽约的新生活，故选B。
6. 从第二段的句子：But Carlos didn't want these things. He loved his home in the country in Puerto Rico; he loved the green fields, the hot sun, and the lovely beaches但卡洛斯不想要这些东西他。喜欢他在波多黎各的家；他喜欢绿色的田野、炙热的阳光和可爱的海滩。可以推断出Carlos感到孤单是因为他怀念在波多黎各的生活，选D。
7. 从文章第五段的句子：I know it's hard to start a new life in a new country, but let's face it. I did it, and you can do it, too.可知Eric 和Carlos成为了好朋友因为他们面对同样的问题。选B。
语法填空
Nowadays,it is common that more and more high school students open their own microblog on the Internet.For one thing, it can provide a 1.____________（color）platform to show their talent．For 2.____________, it is a useful way to release their pressure.And all these enable it to gain increasing 3.____________（popular） with high school students． However， many parents and teachers hold a different view．They think that managing a microblog will take a lot of time and energy，4.____________ should be concentrated on study.
I'd like to give my 5.____________（approve）for this activity.Today the Internet 6.____________（play） an important role in our life．Therefore， as high school students of the Information Age，we need to learn to make use of this meaningful tool to communicate and display 7.____________（we）.What's more,8.____________（open）and organizing microblog need various abilities such as writing,designing,being good at computer skills and so on．Only if we master those abilities can we make a successful microblog. As a result,we improve ourselves while 9.____________（run）our microblog．
In fact，the microblog itself is of little harm．It is our attitude towards it that 10.____________（count）． We should make the most of it and avoid some bad effects．
1．colorful/colourful．考查形容词．此处用形容词修饰 platform．
2． another．考查代词及固定短语．for one thing，for another意为"一方面，另一方面"．
3． popularity．考查名词．根据前面的increasing可知这里要用名词popularity．
4． which．考查定语从句引导词．这里是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是a lot of time and energy，且从句缺少主语，因此要用which．
5． approval．考查名词．此处表示"我想批准这项活动"，根据前面的my可知这里要用名词形式．
6．plays/is playing．考查时态．此处表示"今天互联网在我们的生活中扮演着重要的角色"，由此可知要用一般现在时或现在进行时．
7．ourselves．考查代词．此处表示"展示我们自己"，因此用反身代词ourselves．
8．opening．考查动名词．此处用动名词跟后面的organizing microblog作主语．
9．running．考查现在分词．通过分析可知这里要用非谓语动词作状语，这时run与we之间是主动关系，因此要用现在分词．
10． counts．考查主谓一致．这里是一个强调结构，强调的是主语our attitude towards it，且表示一般情况，因此谓语动词要用单数形式．
【课后巩固训练】
完形填空
We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it possible to have too much time?
I 1 back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also 2 a team sport. By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, so I had to do it at once.
When I got into college, things 3 . I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time. Because of all this 4 time, there was no need to do my school work immediately. I waited until it later became a 5 . Once that happened, I just kept 6 my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I have to 7 really late at night to get my work done.
One day I 8 a former classmate of mine of mine who was 9 a lot of money running a sideline(副业). Since his regular job was 10 , I asked him why he just didn’t do his sideline full-time. He said without the job, he would 11 have too much time and would just do what I did back in 12 . He said that if he quite the job, he would lose his 13 to work and succeed.
So, try to 14 up your time with other work. That is why there is a 15 that if you want something done, ask a busy person to do it.
1. A. agree B. remember C. understand D. expect
2. A. played B. loved C. watched D. coached
3. A. happened B. repeated C. mattered D. changed
4. A. extra B. difficult C. valuable D. limited
5. A. responsibility B. habit C. pain D. risk
6. A. taking B. pushing C. setting D. calling
7. A. show off B. hang out C. stay up D. make up
8. A. treated B. met C. helped D. borrowed
9. A. making B. wasting C. requiring D. raising
10. A. safe B. interesting C. important D. boring
11. A. hardly B. luckily C. simply D. hopefully
12. A. college B. town C. childhood D. business
13. A. heart B. chance C. way D. drive
14. A. fill B. give C. save D. trade
15. A. message B. story C. fact D. saying
BADAB BCBAD CADAD
写作
第一节 应用文写作
假定你是李华，原计划下个月去英国的姐妹学校交换学习一个月，现在因为新型冠状病毒肺炎的暴发而不得不取消计划。请给姐妹学校的练习老师Mr. Johnson 写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 表达歉意
2. 说明原因
3. 目前的学习情况。
注意：1. 词数80词左右
2. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯
3. 短文的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：新型冠状病毒肺炎COVID-19
Dear Mr. Johnson,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两端，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
My father asked me to chat with him for a while. Actually, I was unwilling to listen to his talking endlessly as he always did. My father unwilling to listen to his talking endlessly as he always did. My father was lawyer, but I never wanted to go to law school or follow his path through life.
As expected, he cleared his throat and started to say, “Er… What… What do you really want to do in the gorgeous future?”
I was silent for a moment playing with the cellphone. I kept thinking, “Should I tell him my true thoughts? What if he gets angry? What if I let him down?” later I replied, “Well, I want to be a writer.”
I guessed this may be not the answer he would expect. But he answered surprisingly, “Interesting idea!” I was shocked, speaking in a low voice with hesitation(犹豫).
“Are you serious, Dad?”
“Well, you need confidence and good preparations, and you still have plenty of time. You need to find out what you really enjoy now, Look, it’s late. Let’s take the boat out tomorrow morning, just you and me. Maybe we can catch some crabs for dinner, and we can talk more. ”
Early next morning we packed up the equipment and set off along the coast. We didn’t talk much, but enjoyed the sound of the seabirds and the sight of the coastline.
There were no big waves and bright sunlight at that time. “Let’s see if we are lucky,” he said, and picked up a cage with a rope tied to it and threw it into the sea. We waited a while, then my father stood up and said, “Give me a hand with this. ” Then we pulled up the crab cage onto the deck(甲板).
To our joy, the cage was filled with dozens of soft shell crabs. Squatting (蹲) down, we watched them for a moment. At first they fought against each other to climb out hard, trying to escape(逃跑). Many were pulled back into the cage. Later, some gave up, but there were still some crabs trying to escape again and again.
Paragraph 1:
At that moment, my father pointed to the cage, “Look at that crab, there!” ______________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
From that day on, I was determined to make my dream come true. ____________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Dear Mt. Jonson,
I’m Li Hua, who is expected to be an exchange student in your school next month. However, due to the outbreak of theCOVID-19, I am writing to convey my deepest apology to you for cancelling the plan.
Nowadays, as the situation in our country has improved, we have returned to our school to have classes. But we still need to protect ourselves well. It is a pity that I would miss the opportunity. Once again, sorry for the inconvenience caused.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节
Para 1：
At that moment, my father pointed to the cage, “Look at that crab, there!” Staring at the carb, I found that every time he wanted to escape, he was pulled back into the cage. However, he didn’t give up his fight. Luckily, he succeed finally. I was shocked and amazed and suddenly understood why would be filled with many possibilities. Everyone would need to find out what he enjoyed and hold on to it.
Para 2：
From that day on, I was determined to make my dream come true. Besides my concentration on school work, Ｉspent all my spare tie making fully preparations for becoming a writer. Reading, collecting materials and realize my dream. I also wrote articles to literary journals. Gradually, some whenever faced with difficulties. What my father said also encouraged me on my way to success. Now I am grateful for sticking to the thing I truly dreamed of.
学生姓名：
辅导内容： U1
教学目标：重点单词：focus/detail/base/remind/aim/proposal/exchange/contribution
重点短语：as a result of
重点句型：so…that…”意为 “如此…以至于…/过去分词作状语
【同步知识梳理】
知识点1：focus n. 焦点，重点，中心点
用法解析及拓展：
课文原句： Setting goals gives you a focus in life. 设定目标会让你的生活有重点。
例：Our main focus is on helping people get back into work. 我们关注的重点是帮助人们再就业。
vt. & vi. (把…)集中于；调节（…的）焦距；使聚焦
常用搭配： focus on 集中（注意力，精力等）于
focus one’s attention on sth. 把某人的注意力集中到某事上
近义短语：center on （注意力）集中到（=be centred on）
concentrate …on 把注意力集中于，全神贯注于
fix one’s attention /eyes/ mind on 把注意力/ 双眼/ 思想集中于…上（常用语被动语态）
例题训练：
With the attention _______(focus) on the task,they had no time to take part in the party.
focused
知识点2：detail n. 细节，具体情况，详情
用法解析及拓展：
课文原句：To realize your goals, you need to have a good plan, manage your time well and pay attention to details. 为了实现你的目标，你需要有一个好的计划，管理好你的时间，并关注细节。
常用搭配： in detail 详细地（放在句末做状语）
go into detail(s) 详细叙述
for further details 欲知详情
例：For further details, you can read the next chapter first.
知识点3：as a result of 由于
用法解析及拓展：
课文原句：As a result of your action, your dream will come true and hopefully you will live a happy life. 有了你的行动，你的梦想就会实现，你也有希望过上幸福的生活。
特别注意：as a result “结果，因此”，单独做状语
例：As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. 结果，人类形成了至今仍存在的一系列的性格类型。
拓展：result in+ 结果，导致，造成
result from + 原因（由…而）造成
例句：The talks resulted in reducing the number of missiles.
We are still dealing with problems resulting from errors made in the past.
例题训练：
Jenny nearly missed the flight as a result _______ doing too much shopping.
His failure resulted _________ not working hard enough.
of;from
知识点4：base vt. 以…为基础（依据）
n. 根据，基础，基地，总部，大本营，底部
用法解析及拓展：
课文原句： Instead, you should set goals based on your abilities and skills. 相反，你应该基于你的能力和技巧来定目标。
常用搭配：be based on / upon 以…为根据/ 基础
例：Being an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. = Based on emotion rather than on reason, your important decision will make you regretful sooner or later. 把重要的决定建立在情感之上，而不是理性之上，你早晚要后悔的。
联想词：basic adj. 基本的，基础的，根本的
basically adv. 基本的，从跟本上说
basis n. 基础 （pl.） bases
例题训练：
________(base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason,you will regret it sooner
or later.
Basing
知识点5：remind vt.提醒, 使想起
用法解析及拓展：
课文原句： This will remind you of what you are working for and keep you focused. 这会让你想到你再为什么而努力并且让你精力集中。
常见用法： remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事，是某人想起某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
remind sb. that 提醒某人….
例：The pictures will remind me of the days when we were in our hometown. 这些照片让我想起我们在故乡的日子。
I have to remind myself that some birds aren’t meant to be caged. Their feathers are just too bright. 我得经常提醒自己，有些鸟儿是关不住的，他们的羽毛太鲜亮了。
例题训练：
The letter was an uncomfortable __________(remind) of my debts.
reminder
知识点6：proposal propose vt. 提议；建议 suggestion / recommendation / advice （同义词）
用法解析及拓展：
原文：Proposal for a new club成立新俱乐部的提议、
◆ n. 提议，建议，动议；求婚
put forward/ come up with a proposal 提出建议
make a proposal 提出建议；求婚
propose (doing) sth. 提议(做)某事
propose that … （should）do 提议/建议…做
①How could you make a proposal without a ring?
你怎么可以去求婚而不带上戒指呢？
②He was the first person to propose the construction of the bridge.
他是第一个提议建这座桥的人。
③She proposed that the book should be banned.
她提议查禁这本书
例题训练：
①He __________________ which was worth consideration.
他提出一项值得考虑的建议
②_________________ pay the money from public funds.
有人提议用公款支付这笔钱。
③His proposal that the system _______________ was rejected.
他提的关于修改制度的建议被拒绝了。
【答案】
① put forward a proposal ② It was proposed to ③ should be changed
知识点7：aim n. 目的，目标，瞄准
用法解析及拓展：
课文原句： Club aim: To improve short story writing skills. 俱乐部目的：提高短篇故事的写作技巧。
常用搭配： take aim at 瞄准，批评； achieve one’s aim 达到某人的目的
with the aim of…目的是
例：Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims. 完成这些目标需要团队合作。
② vi. & vt. 力争做到，目的是，针对，瞄准
常用搭配： aim to do sth. 力争做到某事
aim at 瞄准，目的在于，针对
be aimed at doing sth. 旨在做某事
例：In a word, the programmer aims to encourage students to be active citizens and engage themselves in making a difference in society. 总之，这个计划的目的是鼓励学生们成为积极的市民并让他们在社会中发挥作用。
This activity is aimed at improving the students’ ability of listening and speaking. 这项活动的目的是为了提高学生的听说能力。
例题训练：
① We teenagers should_______________ something useful to the society.
我们青年人应该以为社会做贡献为目标。
② What ________________ in New Year?
在新的一年里你的目标是什么？
③ She went to London __________________ a job.
她去伦敦是为了找工作。
① aim at contributing ②do you aim to do ③with the aim of finding
知识点8：exchange n. 交换，交流，兑换
用法解析及拓展：
课文原句： Last year, I had the chance to study at a British secondary school as an exchange student. 去年，我有机会作为交换生在英国的一所中学学习。
常用搭配：in exchange for…
例：It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money in exchange for favors to them. 公务人员为某些人提供便利以换取礼品或金钱的行为是非法的。
② vt. 交换，交流，兑换
常见搭配： exchange sth. with sb. 和某人交换某物
exchange A for B 用A换B
例：If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. 如果课程不能让您十分满意，您可以轻松将其换成我们提供的其他任何课程。
例题训练：
①I’ve never ______________________ those moms.
我从来没和那些妈妈们说过话。
②Would you like my old TV ______________________________?
用我的旧电视机换这架照相机，你愿意吗？
①exchanged words with ②in exchange for this camera
知识点9：alarm n. 闹钟，恐慌，警报，警报器
用法解析及拓展：
课文原句： I like it so much that I still use it as my alarm！我如此喜欢它以至于我仍然在用它作为我的闹钟！
常用搭配：in alarm 惊恐地（常用作状语）
raise/ sound the alarm 发出警报
a fire/ smoke alarm 防火/ 烟雾警报器
an alarm clock 闹钟
an alarm system 警报系统
例：I turned in alarm as the wind blew the door open. 风把门吹开，我惊慌地转过头看。
② vt. 使惊恐，使害怕
例：This is an unfortunate aspect of the Internet that alarms me. 这是英特网一个不利的方面， 使我有些不安。
联想词： alarmed adj. 担忧的，恐慌的
be alarmed by/ at sth. 因某事而恐慌
be alarmed to do sth. 做某事而感到恐慌
例：I was alarmed to see the men carrying guns. 看到那些人带着枪我感到很恐慌。
② alarming adj. 令人担忧的，令人恐慌的
例：As we all know, with the development of science and technology, the earth’s resources are running out at an alarming rate, so we should make good use of them. 众所周知，随着科技的发展，地球的资源正在以惊人的速度消耗着，因此我们应该充分利用它们。
例题训练：
①__________________ in the middle of the night .
半夜里一辆汽车的警报器突然响了起来
②She shrieked____________ when she saw the mouse.
她看见老鼠时惊恐地尖声喊叫起来。
③Our countryside is disappearing _________________.
我们的农村地区正在以惊人的速度消亡。
①A car alarm went off ②in alarm ③at an alarming rate
知识点10：contribution n. 贡献，捐款，捐赠，稿件
用法解析及拓展：
课文原句：Class discussion is very important in the UK, but I could not make much of a contribution because sometimes I wasn’t able to express myself clearly in English. 课堂讨论在英国很重要，但我做不了多少贡献，因为有时候我无法清楚地用英语表达自己的想法。
◆n.贡献；捐赠；捐款；投稿
contribute to 有助于；导致，促成；
contribute … to … 向… 投稿/ 捐赠
make (great) contributions to 对…做出(巨大的)贡献
①We contributed ￡5 000 to the earthquake fund.
我们向地震基金捐赠了 5 000 英镑。
②The three sons also contribute to the family business.
3个儿子也为家族企业做贡献。
③ Learning English makes contributions to one's development to some extent.
英语也为个人发展做出一定得贡献。
联想词： contribute vi & vt. 捐献，捐赠；（给报纸，杂志）撰稿，投稿vi.促成
contributor n. 投稿人，捐款人，促成者
例题训练：
①We're not saying that everyone needs to ___________________________.
我们并不是要每个人都必须为穷人奉献生命。
②I believe that each of us can ______________ the future of the world.
我相信我们每一个人都能为世界的未来做出贡献。
②I persuaded myself that I could _______________________________.
我相信我能为祖国作出贡献。
①contribute their lives to the poor ②contribute to ③make contributions to the motherland
知识点11： fortunately
用法解析及拓展：
原文：Fortunately, my teachers and classmates were always helpful and gave me lots of encouragement. 幸运的是，我的老师和同学们一直乐于助人，给了我很多鼓励。 （教材P12）
◆adv. 幸运的；辛亏
make a fortunate 发财
try one’s fortunate 碰运气
be fortunate in 在某方面幸运
be fortunate to do sth. 有幸做某事
①I was late, but fortunately the meeting hadn't started.
我迟到了，不过幸好会议还没有开始。
②I was fortunate to be one of the lucky user.
我有幸成为幸运网友之一。
③We became companions in misfortune.
我们成了患难之交。
联想词：fortune n. 财富；命运；运气 fortunate adj. adj. 幸运的;吉利的
misfortune n. 不幸 unfortunate adj. unfortunately adv.
知识点12：attract vt. 吸引，使喜欢，招引，引起（反应）
用法解析及拓展：
例：The one that attracted me most was the Rugby club.
最吸引我的是英式橄榄球俱乐部。
常见搭配： attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意
attract sb. to sth. 吸引某人关注某物
例：Professor David Wilson thinks that it can attract the police’s attention to group behavior. 戴维·威尔逊教授认为它可以吸引警察关注群体行为。
联想词：attraction n. 吸引力，有吸引力的事，向往的地方 tourist attraction 风景区
attractive adj. 有吸引力的
知识点13：过去分词作状语
原文： Instead, you should set goals based on your abilities and skills.相反，你应该根据你的能力和技能来设定目标。
用法解析及拓展：
本句中“based on your abilities and skills”是过去分词作方式状语。过去分词作状语，在意义上相当于一个状语从句。可以表示时间，原因，条件，让步，结果等。
①Asked (When he was asked) what had happened, his face turned red. （时间状语）
当他被问及发生了什么的时候，他的脸红了。
②Frightened (Because she was frightened) by the horror movie, the girl didn't dare to sleep alone. （原因状语）
因为被惊悚电影吓坏了，这个女孩不敢单独睡觉。
③Grown (If these seeds are grown) in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. （条件状语）
如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
④Left (Although he was left) at home, John didn't feel afraid at all. （让步状语）
虽然John被单独留在房间里, 他一点都不害怕。
⑤She walked out of the house, (and she was) followed by her little daughter. （伴随状语）
她走出房子，后面跟着她小女儿。
例题训练：
①_________________, water changes into steam.
当加热时，水变成水蒸气。
② ________________what he did (Because the teacher was satisfied with...), the teacher praised him in class.
由于老师对他所做的事情很满意，于是在班上表扬了他。
③______________ in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
④________________ a hundred times, he still can’t understand it.
即使给他解释一百篇，她还是不会明白。
⑤She sat by the window, ______ in thought.
①When heated ②Satisfied with ③Grown ④Explained ⑤lost
知识点14：so…that… 引导结果状语从句
原文： I like it so much that I still use it as my alarm！我是那么的喜欢它以至于我仍然拿它当闹钟！
用法解析及拓展：
本句中“so…that…”意为 “如此…以至于…”so是副词，修饰形容词或副词；that引导结果状语从句。具体形式如下：
so + adj./adv + that 从句
so +adj.+ a/an+ 可数名词单数 + that 从句
so + many/ few/ much/ little + 可数名词复数/ 不可数名词 + that 从句
例：The stone is so heavy that I can‘t lift it up.
This is so important a meeting that you should attend it.
There were so many people in the street watching the fire that firefighters could not get close to the building.
备注： so that 也可以连在一起使用；可引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句；引导目的状语从句相当于 “in order that”
①She burned the letters so that her husband would never read them.
②You've adjusted the microscope so that it reflects!
such… that… 中such 常用来修饰名词，具体形式如下：
such + a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数 + that从句
such + adj. + 不可数名词 + that从句
such + adj. + 可数名词复数 + that从句
①She is such a good teacher that all of us love and respect her.
②It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home.
③They are such interesting books that I want to read them once more.
例题训练：
他是如此聪明的一个孩子以至于老师们都很喜欢他
① _________________________________________
② _________________________________________
①He is so clever that teachers like him very much.
②He is such a clever boy that teachers like him very much.
【同步语法梳理】
句子成分和句子结构
一．句子成分
句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
1. 主语
主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
指出下列句子中的主语及它的性质：
①During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.
②often speak English in class.
③One-third of the students in this class are girls.
④To swim in the river is a great pleasure.
⑤Smoking does harm to the health.
⑥The rich should help the poor.
⑦When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.
① country music （名词） ②We （代词） ③One-third （数词） ④To swim （不定式）
⑤ Smoking （动名词） ⑥The rich （名词化的形容词） ⑦ When we are going to have an English test （主语从句）
2．谓语
谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：
1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：
He practices running every morning.
2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：
You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold.
（2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students.
3. 表语
表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。
指出下列句子中的表语及它的性质：
①Our teacher of English is an American.
②Is it yours?
③The weather has turned cold.
④The speech is exciting.
⑤Three times seven is twenty one?
⑥His job is to teach English.
⑦His hobby is playing football.
⑧The machine must be out of order.
⑨Time is up. The class is over.
⑩The truth is that he has never been abroad.
① American （名词） ②yours （代词） ③cold. （形容词） ④exciting （分词）
⑤ twenty one exciting （数词） ⑥to teach English（不定式） ⑦ playing football（动名词）
⑧ out of order（介词短语） ⑨up/ over.（副词） ⑩ that he has never been abroad（表语从句）
4. 宾语
宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。
指出下列句子中的宾语及它的性质：
①They went to see an exhibition（展览）yesterday.
②The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.
③How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.
④They helped the old with their housework yesterday.
⑤He pretended not to see me.
⑥I enjoy listening to popular music.
⑦I think（that）he is fit for his office.
① exhibition （名词） ②me （代词） ③five （数词） ④the old （名词化形容词）
⑤ not to see me （不定式短语） ⑥listening to popular music （动名词短语） ⑦ listening to popular music（宾语从句）
宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），
例如：Lend me your dictionary, please.
（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），
例如：They elected him their monitor.
5. 宾语补足语
英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。
指出下列句子中的宾补及它的性质：
①His father named him Dongming.
②They painted their boat white.
③Let the fresh air in.
④You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.
⑤We saw her entering the room.
⑥We found everything in the lab in good order.
⑦We will soon make our city what your city is now.
① Dongming （名词） ②white （形容词） ③in（副词））
④to lend his money to you（不定式短语） ⑤ entering the room（现在分词）
⑥in good order（介词短语） ⑦ what your city is now（从句）
6. 定语
修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。
指出下列句子中的定语及它的性质：
①Guilin is a beautiful city.（形容词）
②China is a developing country; America is a developed country.
③There are thirty women teachers is our school.
④His rapid progress in English made us surprised.
⑤Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.
⑥The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.
⑦He is reading an article about how to learn English.
①beautiful（形容词） ②developing/ developed （代词） ③women （名词）
④His （代词） ⑤ to enter the classroom （不定式短语） ⑥teaching （动名词）
⑦about how to learn English.（介词短语）
7. 状语：
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示：
Light travels most quickly.（副词及副词性词组）
He has lived in the city for ten years.（介词短语）
He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.（不定式短语）
He is in the room making a model plane.（分词短语）
Wait a minute.（名词）
Once you begin, you must continue.（状语从句）
指出下列句子中的状语以及其种类:
①How about meeting again at six?（时间状语）
②Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.（原因状语）
③I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.（条件状语）
④Mr Smith lives on the third floor.（地点状语）
⑤She put the eggs into the basket with great care.（方式状语）
⑥She came in with a dictionary in her hand.（伴随状语）
⑦In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.（目的状语）
⑧He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.（结果状语）
⑨She works very hard though she is old.（让步状语）
⑩I am taller than he is.（比较状语）
①at six（时间状语） ②because of the rain（原因状语） ③if it doesn’t rain（条件状语）
④on the third floor（地点状语） ⑤ with great care（方式状语） ⑥with a dictionary in her hand.（伴随状语） ⑦In order to catch up with the others（目的状语）
⑧he fell asleep immediately（结果状语） ⑨though she is old（让步状语）
⑩than he is（比较状语）
8. 同位语
对修饰对象进行补充说明或进一步解释。
Tom, my best friend, left for London yesterday.
二．英语句子的基本结构
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下：
1： Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓）
2： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）
3： Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表）
4： Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
5： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
1. 主 + 谓（SV）
此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
例如：The water is boiling . 水开了。
They have been waiting there for hours. 他们一直在那儿等了数小时。
The train will leave soon. 火车就要开了。
2. 主 + 谓+ 宾（SVO）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’，如：me，him，them等
例如：Tom has a brother. 汤姆有一个弟弟。
They wanted to have a rest. 他们想歇息一会儿。
He successfully carried out his plan . 他成功地实行了他的计划。
3. 主 + 谓+ 宾（SVO）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’，如：me，him，them等
例如：Tom has a brother. 汤姆有一个弟弟。
They wanted to have a rest. 他们想歇息一会儿。
He successfully carried out his plan . 他成功地实行了他的计划。
4. 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语（SVOO）
此句型中的谓语动词后接两个宾语："间接宾语"多由代词或名词充当；"直接宾语"，往往由名词充当。这类句型常有"给某人某物"、"送某人某物"、"留给某人某物"等意思。
例如：He brought me a coat. 他给我带来一件大衣。
Pass me the dictionary, please. 请将词典递给我。
I lend him my bicycle. 我把自行车借给他了。
5. 主 + 谓+ 宾 + 宾补（SVOC）
此句型概括了这样一种情况：有些及物动词的后面有时常带复合宾语结构（即：宾语 + 宾语补足语）。在这一结构中，宾语补足语是对宾语"做什么"、"怎么样"等方面进行补充说明。
例如：We elected him our monitor . 我们选他当班长。
The news made me happy . 那消息使我很高兴。
We know him to be an expert . 我们知道他是专家。
He heard somebody opening the door . 他听见有人在开门。
I found myself in dark . 我发现自己还蒙在鼓里。
练习：
指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：
1. The students got on the school bus.
2. He handed me the newspaper.
3. I shall answer your question after class.
4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!
5. They went hunting together early in the morning.
6. His job is to train swimmers.
7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.
8. There is going to be an American film tonight.
9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.
10. His wish is to become a scientist.
11. He managed to finish the work in time.
12. Tom came to ask me for advice.
13. He found it important to master English.
14. Do you have anything else to say?
15. To be honest, your pronunciation is not so good.
16. Would you please tell me your address?
17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.
18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.
19. He noticed a man enter the room.
20. The apples tasted sweet.
1、主语，定语；2、间接宾语；3、谓语，状语；4、定语；5、状语，状语；6、定语，表语；7、宾语，状语；8、谓语，主语；9、谓语；10、主语，表语；11、谓语，宾语；12、状语；13、形式宾语，真正宾语；14、宾语、定语；15、插入语，状语；16、宾语(间宾+直宾)；17、状语，状语；18、形式主语，表语，宾补；19、宾补；20、表语
【精题精练精讲】
一. 单词拼写
1. We'd better discuss everything in __________ (细节) before we work out the plan.
2. The photos __________ (提醒) us that we all appreciate beauty.
3. Your _________ (建议) is being actively considered.
4. This _________ (技能) is useful but it has its limitations.
5. His _________ (职业的) career started at Colgate University.
6. A distinction should be made between the primary and _________ (次要的)tasks.
7. We need to promote an open _________ (交流)of ideas and information.
8. She had a pretty _________ (艰难的) childhood.
9. He made a very positive _________ (贡献) to the success of the project.
10. _________ (幸运的是) , she knew at once what to do.
11. I would unhesitatingly choose the latter _________ (选择).
12. Films with big stars always _________ (吸引)great attention.
二. 单句语法
1. ____________ the basis of practice, this theory was generally accepted.
2. The volunteers tried to calm the ____________ (alarm) children down.
3. I did some housework for him in exchange ____________ three means a day.
4. ____________ (attract) by the sweet voice, I walked into the old house.
5. His ____________ (contribute) to the world was really admirable.
6. His ____________ (propose) was refused by his boss, which made him a little sad.
7. The girl does three part-time jobs aiming ___________ (pay) off her school loan.
8. My mother often remind me ___________ (mind) my manners in public.
9. The old man fell down. ____________ (fortunate), some passengers helped him.
10. Whatever happens, he will stick __________ his goal of entering a top university.
一. 单词拼写
1.detail 2. remind 3. proposal 4. technique 5. professional
6. secondary 7. exchange 8. tough 9. contribution 10. Fortunately
11. option 12. attract
二. 单句语法
1. On 2. alarmed 3. for 4. Attracted 5. contribution
2. 6.proposal 7. to pay 8. to mind 9. Fortunately 10. to
七选五
If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. (1) Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.
Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. (2)
Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. (3) If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.
(4) Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.
(5) If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.
There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.
A. You will stick to your diet.
B. Your quality of sleep improves.
C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.
F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly , or you're doing it now, then listen up!
1.根据空前的内容"生活忙碌没有时间锻炼"和空后的内容"晨练除了身体健康之外，还能带来其他好处"，下文接着列举了晨练的其他好处。由此可知，此处缺一个承上启下句。G项中then listen up!（那么请仔细听！）很好的起到了承上启下的作用。故选G。
2.根据上一句Exercising makes you more awake（锻炼能让你更清醒），E项（你可以在运动后保持头脑清醒4-10个小时。）是对上一句的进一步解释，故选E。
3.空前句子是本段的主题句，晨练是新陈代谢的开始，空后句子说如果晨练，则你会一整天卡路里都在燃烧，F项（锻炼之后，你一整天都在燃烧卡路里。）是空后句子的根据，空后句子是对F项的进一步延伸。故选F。
4.根据此处缺一个主题句，空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。B项（你的睡眠质量提高了。）是对后面内容的总述。故选B。
5.根据空后句子"If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day.（如果你在早晨锻炼身体，你将更有可能坚持健康的饮食。）"，A项（你将坚持你的饮食。）符合本段内容，是主题句，起到统领下文的作用。故选A。
【新三单词拓展】
新三 Lesson 2【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
◆equal v. 等于
◆raise v. 募集；筹（款）
◆vicar n. 牧师
◆torchlight n.电筒光
★equal v. 等于
A equal B
与 … 相匹敌 None of us can equal her, either in beauty or as a dancer.
eg:Mary is quite equal to John in brains.
be equal to + n: 1. 与…相匹敌
2. 有能力做某事 to- 介词
eg: I am equal to running the company.
★raise v. 募集；筹（款）
raise money 筹款
raise price 提高
raise a horse饲养
raise a family 供养
raise wheet 种植小麦
raise an army 招募
raise a shout 发出喊声
★vicar n. 牧师
★torchlight n.电筒光
Lesson 3【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
◆goddess n. 女神
◆archaeologist n. 考古学家
◆Aegean adj. 爱琴海的
◆explore v. 考察，勘探
◆promontory n. 海角
◆prosperous adj. （经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的
◆civilization n. 文明
◆storey n. 楼层
◆drainage n. 排水
◆worship n. 崇拜
◆sacred adj. 宗教的，神圣的
◆fragment n. 碎片
◆remains n. 遗物， 遗迹，废墟
◆classical adj. （希腊罗马）古文化的
◆reconstruct v. 修复
◆rest v. 倚放，放置
◆hip n. 屁股，臀部
◆full-length adj. （裙衣）拖地长的
◆graceful adj. 优雅的
◆identity n. 身份
★goddess n. 女神
★archaeologist n. 考古学家
★Aegean adj. 爱琴海的
★explore v. 考察，勘探
The archaeologists are exploring the cave.
exploration n.
explorer n.探险家
★promontory n. 海角
★prosperous adj. （经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的
Our finance is prosperous.
thriving 昌盛的，兴旺的
booming 蓬勃的，景气的
flourishing 繁茂的，健康的
★civilization n. 文明
high level of civilization高度文明
civilize v.
★storey n. 楼层
★drainage n. 排水
★worship n. 崇拜
respect; admire
Who do you worship in th world?
warship n. 军舰战船
★sacred adj. 宗教的，神圣的
holy adj. 神圣的，圣洁的
solemn adj. 庄严的，庄重的
sacred music 圣乐
sacred promise 神圣的诺言
★fragment n. 碎片
★remains n. 遗物， 遗迹，废墟
★classical adj. （希腊罗马）古文化的
classical music 古典音乐
classical education 人文科学教育
classic adj. 第一流的
This is a classic example of love at the first sight.
classic n. 杰作，经典之作
★reconstruct v. 修复
re-重新，再次
construct 构造，建造，组织
build house 造建筑物
put up a tent
construct a sentence
construct a broken statuary
erect: build high buildings
erect monument 建造纪念碑
erect clock tower 建造钟楼
setup; establish; found 建立
Eg: setup students’ union
establish a school / rule
found a country
construction n.
constructive adj. 有教育意义的
constructor n. 建设者
★rest v. 倚放，放置
★hip n. 屁股，臀部
[口] 在服用兴奋剂，宗教信仰方面赶时髦的人；消息灵通人士；adj. 通晓的，见闻广的
Eg: Hary is a real hip. 玛丽真是赶时髦
The guy isn’t a hip.这家伙什么都不懂
joined at the hip 表示交情极厚的
Eg: These two are joined at the hip.
shoot from the hip 信口开河
Eg: Sorry, I said that I shouldn’t have shot from the hip.
★full-length adj. （裙衣）拖地长的
a full-length dress
★graceful adj. 优雅的
a graceful lady
elegant (behavier)
★identity n. 身份
【能力拓展训练】
阅读理解
A
As a summer job, I used to do housework for Mr.Fleagle. When I entered his house, I saw that books were piled up （堆积）like a small hill.It was like a library,except with no order to the arrangement.
"Read, borrow, keep, or find something you like.What do you read?" Mr.Fleagle said.
"I don't know." And I didn't.I generally read what was in front of me, so I started to look through the piles of books. I asked him to choose a book for me.
"You really read all of these?"I asked.
"These aren't many,"Mr. Fleagle said,"They are nothing, just what I've kept the ones worth looking at a second time."
After a moment,he handed me a dark red hardcover book,fairly thick.
I started to read the book after finishing housework,sitting outdoors on an uncomfortable kitchen chair. Translated from French，the language was simple, impossible to resist（抵挡）. When the evening light finally failed，I moved inside and read all through the night.
Thirty years later,I still remember the experience,It was my first connection with the world literature,and I was amazed by the connected power a novel could contain.
All in all,a book,if it arrives before you at the right moment, in the proper season, will change the way of all that follows.
1. The writer thought that Mr.Fleagle was ______.
A. strict and selfish B. honest but rude
C. warm-hearted and friendly D. strong but lazy
2. From the underlined sentence,we can infer that Mr.Fleagle ______.
A. read all the books twice B. read more books than he kept
C. didn't do much reading D. liked reading foreign books
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？ ______
A. We should always take advice from others．
B. Summer jobs are really good for young people．
C. A good book can change the direction of our life．
D. A book with hardcover is usually interesting to read．
B
Carlos had been in New York for five months and he detested it. He would never forget the day when the plane landed. His parents had big smiles on their faces as they discussed the wonderful new life they would have in this great city. His older sister and brother stared in wonder and excitement at the buildings. Uncle Miguel and Aunt Esperanza thought of the good jobs they would get.
Grandmother and Grandfather told him what a lucky boy he was to come to this wonderful city. But Carlos was lonely. The city looked big, cold, and dirty to him.
They lived in an apartment(公寓) in Manhattan. There were stores and cinemas close to their home. But, Carlos didn't want these things. He loved his home in the country in Puerto Rico; he loved the green fields, the hot sun, and the lovely beaches.
He didn't want to go to school because it made him think of his friends at home. And he didn't want to learn a new language that, could never describe the world as beautifully as his own.
He began to go down to the dock(码头), because this made him feel closer to Puerto Rico. He sat down and watched the ships. He would often find a man also sitting there looking at the sea. The man was Eric—a taxi driver who came there to escape from the noisy traffic.
Eric noticed the young boy and felt his sadness. One day he said, "Yes, it's hard to leave your homeland. I remember when I left Norway 15 years ago, I know it's hard to start a new life in a new country, but let's face it. I did it, and you can do it, too."
From then on the taxi driver and the young boy began to develop a deep friendship.
4. The underlined Word "detested" in Paragraph 1 probably means "______".
A. forgot B. enjoyed C. hated D. missed
5. According to the text, ______.
A. Carlos' grandparents were afraid of the traffic in New York
B. Carlos' parents were looking forward to the life in New York
C. Carlos' uncle and aunt found it hard to get jobs in New York
D. Carlos' brother and sister got excited at the schools in New York
6. Why did Carlos feel lonely?
A. He knew nobody around his apartment.
B. No one went to the movies with him.
C. His parents left him alone at home.
D. He missed his life in Puerto Rico.
7. Eric and Carlos became friends because they ______.
A. came from the same country B. faced the same problems
C. were the same age D. both hated noise
A
【解题导语】本文属于记叙文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了Mr．Fleagle为作者推荐好书，改变了作者的态度．
1. C．推理判断题．根据文章第二段Read，borrow，keep，or find something you like．What do you read？"Mr．Fleagle said可知他热情友好；故选C．
2. B．句意理解题．根据文章第五段"These aren't many，"Mr．Fleagle said．"They are nothing，just what I've kept，the ones worth looking at a second time可知意为弗利格尔先生读的书比他保存的要多得多；故选B．
3. C．推理判断题．根据文章最后一段All in all，a book，if it arrives before you at the right moment，in the proper season，will change the way of all that follows可知一本好书可以改变我们生活的方向；故选
C
B
【解题导语】文章讲述Carlos随家人从波多黎各搬到纽约，虽然家人都很憧憬纽约的新生活，但是Carlos却感到很孤单，不适应纽约的生活，怀念波多黎各，遇到了和他有着同样的问题的Eric以后，他们成为了好朋友。
4. 从第一段的句子：But Carlos was lonely. The city looked big, cold and dirty to him但是卡洛斯是孤独的。这个城市看起来又大又冷又脏。因此可推知他“厌恶”这里，故选C。
5. 从第一段的句子：His parents had big smiles on their faces as they discussed the wonderful new life they would have in this great city.可知Carlos 的父母盼望在纽约的新生活，故选B。
6. 从第二段的句子：But Carlos didn't want these things. He loved his home in the country in Puerto Rico; he loved the green fields, the hot sun, and the lovely beaches但卡洛斯不想要这些东西他。喜欢他在波多黎各的家；他喜欢绿色的田野、炙热的阳光和可爱的海滩。可以推断出Carlos感到孤单是因为他怀念在波多黎各的生活，选D。
7. 从文章第五段的句子：I know it's hard to start a new life in a new country, but let's face it. I did it, and you can do it, too.可知Eric 和Carlos成为了好朋友因为他们面对同样的问题。选B。
语法填空
Nowadays,it is common that more and more high school students open their own microblog on the Internet.For one thing, it can provide a 1.____________（color）platform to show their talent．For 2.____________, it is a useful way to release their pressure.And all these enable it to gain increasing 3.____________（popular） with high school students． However， many parents and teachers hold a different view．They think that managing a microblog will take a lot of time and energy，4.____________ should be concentrated on study.
I'd like to give my 5.____________（approve）for this activity.Today the Internet 6.____________（play） an important role in our life．Therefore， as high school students of the Information Age，we need to learn to make use of this meaningful tool to communicate and display 7.____________（we）.What's more,8.____________（open）and organizing microblog need various abilities such as writing,designing,being good at computer skills and so on．Only if we master those abilities can we make a successful microblog. As a result,we improve ourselves while 9.____________（run）our microblog．
In fact，the microblog itself is of little harm．It is our attitude towards it that 10.____________（count）． We should make the most of it and avoid some bad effects．
1．colorful/colourful．考查形容词．此处用形容词修饰 platform．
2． another．考查代词及固定短语．for one thing，for another意为"一方面，另一方面"．
3． popularity．考查名词．根据前面的increasing可知这里要用名词popularity．
4． which．考查定语从句引导词．这里是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是a lot of time and energy，且从句缺少主语，因此要用which．
5． approval．考查名词．此处表示"我想批准这项活动"，根据前面的my可知这里要用名词形式．
6．plays/is playing．考查时态．此处表示"今天互联网在我们的生活中扮演着重要的角色"，由此可知要用一般现在时或现在进行时．
7．ourselves．考查代词．此处表示"展示我们自己"，因此用反身代词ourselves．
8．opening．考查动名词．此处用动名词跟后面的organizing microblog作主语．
9．running．考查现在分词．通过分析可知这里要用非谓语动词作状语，这时run与we之间是主动关系，因此要用现在分词．
10． counts．考查主谓一致．这里是一个强调结构，强调的是主语our attitude towards it，且表示一般情况，因此谓语动词要用单数形式．
【课后巩固训练】
完形填空
We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it possible to have too much time?
I 1 back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also 2 a team sport. By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, so I had to do it at once.
When I got into college, things 3 . I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time. Because of all this 4 time, there was no need to do my school work immediately. I waited until it later became a 5 . Once that happened, I just kept 6 my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I have to 7 really late at night to get my work done.
One day I 8 a former classmate of mine of mine who was 9 a lot of money running a sideline(副业). Since his regular job was 10 , I asked him why he just didn’t do his sideline full-time. He said without the job, he would 11 have too much time and would just do what I did back in 12 . He said that if he quite the job, he would lose his 13 to work and succeed.
So, try to 14 up your time with other work. That is why there is a 15 that if you want something done, ask a busy person to do it.
1. A. agree B. remember C. understand D. expect
2. A. played B. loved C. watched D. coached
3. A. happened B. repeated C. mattered D. changed
4. A. extra B. difficult C. valuable D. limited
5. A. responsibility B. habit C. pain D. risk
6. A. taking B. pushing C. setting D. calling
7. A. show off B. hang out C. stay up D. make up
8. A. treated B. met C. helped D. borrowed
9. A. making B. wasting C. requiring D. raising
10. A. safe B. interesting C. important D. boring
11. A. hardly B. luckily C. simply D. hopefully
12. A. college B. town C. childhood D. business
13. A. heart B. chance C. way D. drive
14. A. fill B. give C. save D. trade
15. A. message B. story C. fact D. saying
BADAB BCBAD CADAD
写作
第一节 应用文写作
假定你是李华，原计划下个月去英国的姐妹学校交换学习一个月，现在因为新型冠状病毒肺炎的暴发而不得不取消计划。请给姐妹学校的练习老师Mr. Johnson 写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 表达歉意
2. 说明原因
3. 目前的学习情况。
注意：1. 词数80词左右
2. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯
3. 短文的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：新型冠状病毒肺炎COVID-19
Dear Mr. Johnson,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两端，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
My father asked me to chat with him for a while. Actually, I was unwilling to listen to his talking endlessly as he always did. My father unwilling to listen to his talking endlessly as he always did. My father was lawyer, but I never wanted to go to law school or follow his path through life.
As expected, he cleared his throat and started to say, “Er… What… What do you really want to do in the gorgeous future?”
I was silent for a moment playing with the cellphone. I kept thinking, “Should I tell him my true thoughts? What if he gets angry? What if I let him down?” later I replied, “Well, I want to be a writer.”
I guessed this may be not the answer he would expect. But he answered surprisingly, “Interesting idea!” I was shocked, speaking in a low voice with hesitation(犹豫).
“Are you serious, Dad?”
“Well, you need confidence and good preparations, and you still have plenty of time. You need to find out what you really enjoy now, Look, it’s late. Let’s take the boat out tomorrow morning, just you and me. Maybe we can catch some crabs for dinner, and we can talk more. ”
Early next morning we packed up the equipment and set off along the coast. We didn’t talk much, but enjoyed the sound of the seabirds and the sight of the coastline.
There were no big waves and bright sunlight at that time. “Let’s see if we are lucky,” he said, and picked up a cage with a rope tied to it and threw it into the sea. We waited a while, then my father stood up and said, “Give me a hand with this. ” Then we pulled up the crab cage onto the deck(甲板).
To our joy, the cage was filled with dozens of soft shell crabs. Squatting (蹲) down, we watched them for a moment. At first they fought against each other to climb out hard, trying to escape(逃跑). Many were pulled back into the cage. Later, some gave up, but there were still some crabs trying to escape again and again.
Paragraph 1:
At that moment, my father pointed to the cage, “Look at that crab, there!” ______________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
From that day on, I was determined to make my dream come true. ____________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Dear Mt. Jonson,
I’m Li Hua, who is expected to be an exchange student in your school next month. However, due to the outbreak of theCOVID-19, I am writing to convey my deepest apology to you for cancelling the plan.
Nowadays, as the situation in our country has improved, we have returned to our school to have classes. But we still need to protect ourselves well. It is a pity that I would miss the opportunity. Once again, sorry for the inconvenience caused.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节
Para 1：
At that moment, my father pointed to the cage, “Look at that crab, there!” Staring at the carb, I found that every time he wanted to escape, he was pulled back into the cage. However, he didn’t give up his fight. Luckily, he succeed finally. I was shocked and amazed and suddenly understood why would be filled with many possibilities. Everyone would need to find out what he enjoyed and hold on to it.
Para 2：
From that day on, I was determined to make my dream come true. Besides my concentration on school work, Ｉspent all my spare tie making fully preparations for becoming a writer. Reading, collecting materials and realize my dream. I also wrote articles to literary journals. Gradually, some whenever faced with difficulties. What my father said also encouraged me on my way to success. Now I am grateful for sticking to the thing I truly dreamed of.
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