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高考英语阅读理解专项训练
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这是一份高考英语阅读理解专项训练，共24页。
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Asthma (哮喘) is a condition that affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide. It is a lung disease that affects your airways—the tubes that carry air to and from your lungs. It causes the muscles in these tubes to contract, the tubes themselves to swell and sticky mucus to be produced. All of these factors can make it very difficult for a sufferer to breathe properly.
Shortness of breath, especially after exercise, coughing or difficulty breathing while sleeping are all common symptoms. These can be described as mild asthma attacks; however, they can usually be controlled by medication. A severe asthma attack, on the other hand, where a sufferer finds it very difficult to breathe, may require hospital treatment. How badly you are affected by these symptoms depends on what types of asthma you have—from mild to chronic—and how well you are able to control the disorder.
Mild or moderate asthma can be easily controlled through medication or lifestyle changes. Additionally, all attacks need a trigger, and if these triggers can be identified and avoided, the likelihood of an attack decreases. Triggers can include: pollution, smoking, dust, animal hair, stress, pollen, exercise and cold air. These triggers are personal to each individual sufferer, so if you have asthma, make sure you know what is causing your attacks.
In the last half-century there have been many developments in the treatment of asthma. There are presently two main types of medicine: preventers and relievers. A preventer is used every day and reduces the swelling of the airways, cutting the risk of an attack. A reliever is taken when breathing has become (or is going to become) difficult; this actually relaxes the muscles of the airways, reducing constriction and improving the airflow.
Prevention is also good treatment. So if you have asthma, remember to keep generally healthy, take regular exercise and lots of vitamin C to avoid colds and flu —which can be dangerous for asthma sufferers. A healthy diet is also important, and do watch what you eat, as certain foods or food additives can be asthma triggers.
1．What happens to the organs in an asthma attack?
A．Lungs expand. B．Tubes tighten.
C．Airways narrow. D．Muscles swell.
2．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about Asthma?
A．Common symptoms. B．Types of attack.
C．Medical treatment. D．Severity of disorder.
3．What does the underlined word “trigger” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Cause. B．Treatment. C．Relief. D．Result.
4．Which one is not a wise choice to deal with asthma?
A．Advance prevention. B．Healthy diet.
C．Proper medication. D．Excessive exercise.
It was June a few years ago right around the Summer Solstice, the longest day of the year. A few weeks earlier the first fireflies had appeared blinking (眨眼) their lights on and off in the woods around my house. What a joy it was seeing them again. Their little flickers (闪耀) of light made me smile with delight.
Now as the daylight was starting to fade I saw out my window some of the neighborhood children attempting to catch the slow moving lightening bugs. One of the girls went inside and came back with a clear, glass jar. After chasing a few without success she finally caught a firefly inside it. All the other children gathered around to watch it flickering its light on and off inside the jar. Soon darkness started to fall and the children’s Mom walked over to them and told them it was time to set the firefly free. One of the girls protested but the Mom explained that the firefly would die if left in the jar. Then she said something that still stays in my heart to this day: “It is time to let this little guy go so he can share his light with the rest of the world!”
I remember when I was a little boy we all used to sing the song, “This little light of mine, I’m going to let it shine!” But as adults we find it hard to do so. We dwell on (老是想着) the darkness too much and in fear keep our light hidden away. Don’t hide your light. Don’t keep it in a jar. Share your flickers, no matter how small they may be. Let the love inside you out. Let the glow within you drive the darkness away.
5．Why did the author feel happy in a June a few years ago?
A．He could enjoy the longest day of the year.
B．He could walk outside in the light of fireflies.
C．Fireflies came back and blinked their lights.
D．It became warmer and everything came alive.
6．What did the girl want to do with the firefly?
A．Watch and study it. B．Keep it in the jar.
C．Free it in no time. D．Use it for light at night.
7．Which word can best describe the mother?
A．Caring. B．Calm. C．Ambitious. D．Casual.
8．What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?
A．Show us his innocent years. B．Warn us not to hurt animals.
C．Explain his views on summer. D．Express his attitude to sharing.
NASA has made history today, conducting the very first powered flight on another planet. The Mars Helicopter Ingenuity (机智号) successfully took to the Red Planet skies for a brief journey, which will hopefully be the first of several.
Along with accumulating 30 minutes and 48 seconds of flight time, the helicopter has traveled over the surface a distance of 2.2 miles, flying as high as 12 meters and as fast as 5 meters per second.
Flying a craft for a few seconds might not sound like too big an accomplishment, but it’s quite a remarkable achievement of engineering. Ingenuity is flying in conditions unlike any possible on Earth - the gravity on Mars is only one-third as strong as Earth’s, and the atmosphere is extremely thin, at just one percent the density compared to the Earth. Combined with the extreme cold and a lengthy radio delay, the mission has got a lot that can go wrong.
And it already has. After surviving its first cold night on Mars, Ingenuity was set to take off on April 11, but a software error during a high-speed spin test of its rotors (螺旋桨) on April 9 threw a spanner in the works. After troubleshooting the issue, NASA developed a fix and beamed a software update to the Red Planet. If all goes to plan, NASA will conduct a few more flights over the next few weeks, sending Ingenuity higher and farther each time.
“Now, 117 years after the Wright brothers succeeded in making the first flight on our planet, NASA’s Ingenuity helicopter has left this amazing footprint of success on another world,” says Thomas Zurbuchen, NASA Associate Administrator for Science. “While these two symbolic moments in NASA history may be separated by time and 173 million miles of space, they now will forever be linked. To show respect for the two bicycle makers from Dayton, this first of many airfields on other worlds will now be known as Wright Brothers Field, in recognition of the ingenuity and creativity that continue to encourage exploration.”
9．What makes the flight of Ingenuity on Mars challenging?
A．The bad air quality on Mars.
B．The doubled gravity on Mars.
C．Both severe cold and not punctual radio.
D．The changing weather conditions of Mars.
10．Which of the following best explains “threw a spanner in the works“ underlined in paragraph 4?
A．Caused problems. B．Found faults.
C．Repaired damage. D．Solved crisis.
11．Why are the Wright brothers mentioned by Thomas Zurbuchen?
A．To encourage more airplane designs.
B．To promote the spirit of ingenuity and creativity.
C．To recognize the great contributions of the Wright brothers.
D．To highlight the meaningfulness of the Ingenuity’s journey to Mars.
12．Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A．A Successful Exploration on Mars
B．A Promising Future of Ingenuity Helicopter
C．NASA’s Ingenuity Helicopter Faces Great Challenges
D．NASA’s Ingenuity Helicopter Makes Historic First Flight
Some travelers are itching to escape the season’s bitter weather. If you want to find the locale that best suits your winter vacation, use these ideas to start planning your getaway.
Honolulu - Oahu
As temperatures begin to drop in other parts of the world, Hawaii’s capital city remains comfortable thanks to average highs in the low to 80 degrees. Visit Chinatown for festive Chinese New Year celebrations, or marvel at the Honolulu City Lights, a month-long Christmas display at Honolulu’s city hall. Keep in mind that winter is the island’s high season, so make your reservations early and expect to share the sand with lots of other sun-seeking travelers.
Sydney
Sydney’s summer begins in December and lasts through February, making this a popular destination for tourists escaping the Northern Hemisphere’s chilly winter weather. Average daytime temperatures hover between the mid-70s and low 80s. This time of year also features a packed events calendar, with can’t-miss sporting events and celebrations like the KPMG Australia Sail Grand Prix and Sydney’s famed New Year’s Eve fireworks display. Remember to book your tickets early, as this can be a pricey and popular time to visit Australia.
Galápagos Islands
Winter in the Galápagos Islands is marked by warm weather and ample opportunities to view wildlife, snorkel and scuba dive. Although this is technically the wet season, the sun shines most days and rain showers are brief. Plan on visiting in December to see newly hatched giant tortoises and male marine lizards displaying vivid colors. For a bit more action, arrive in February to celebrate Carnival on Santa Cruz Island. To read more, click here.
13．What do Oahu and Galapagos Islands have in common?
A．International sports events. B．Warm sunshine.
C．Diverse wildlife. D．Festive city lights.
14．What should you do if you want to see a spectacular display of New Year’s Eve fireworks?
A．Book your tickets early to Australia. B．Arrive in Galapagos Islands by February.
C．Visit Chinatown in the city of Honolulu. D．Make your reservations early to Hawaii.
15．Where is the text probably taken from?
A．An entertainment magazine. B．A tourist brochure.
C．A travel agency website. D．A pre-travel checklist.
Daniel Brush, an astonishing worker in gold, jewels and steel died on November 2022, aged 75. Students from a jewellery school once came to Brush’s studio, a loft in mid-Manhattan, awed to be meeting a figure who, to them, was a worker of miracles.
For 45 years in that loft, he had pursued his calling. His wife Olivia was the only company. He produced hundreds of objects of all sorts, most of them exquisite and many astonishingly small. Rather than use electricity, he laboured alone in a forest of antique machines and when tools frustrated him he made his own, displaying them in cupboards as art in themselves.
Above all else, he worked in gold. His obsession took fire when at 13 he saw an Etruscan gold bowl in the Victoria and Albert Museum. The ancient technique of applying gold beads as fine as sand-grains to a curved gold surface without solder (焊接), was stunning, but so was the lightness of spirit.
He resolved then that he would make such a bowl, and gold became the study of his life. Simply to watch it melt, turn to red-hot and white-hot, then glow purple, was magical. To hold pure gold grain and let it move slowly through his fingers restored his calm of spirit. His chief motivation, he said, was to understand the material and, through that, himself. He wondered why his heart had beaten so fast in the museum that day. Gold in particular had a message for him. His contact with this glorious metal might focus all his attention and help him to hear it.
He developed delicate craftsmanship, with each object virtually a museum piece. For Daniel Brush, he loved the idea that one might take a piece made by Brush out of a pocket, let its beauty pass from mind to mind, and smile. That too was what its maker was after.
16．What can we learn about Daniel Brush?
A．Students visited him regularly.
B．He began to live in his loft in 1975.
C．He tended to use ancient crafts to produce objects.
D．Most objects he produced were of a surprisingly small size.
17．What is the main reason for his lifelong study of gold?
A．He wanted to learn more about both gold and himself.
B．He wondered why his heart had beat fast in the museum.
C．His calm was restored when gold grain moved through fingers.
D．Gold had a particular message for him and he was eager to hear it.
18．Which of the following can best describe Daniel Brush?
A．Stubborn. B．Wealthy. C．Dedicated. D．Lonely.
19．What does the author try to emphasize in the last paragraph?
A．Brush’s valuable works. B．The admirers Brush expected.
C．Brush’s desire for fame. D．The artistic ideal Brush pursued.
Artificial intelligence models could soon be used to instantly create or edit realistic 3D scenes on a laptop. AIs have been able to produce realistic 2D images for some time, but 3D scenes have proved to be trickier due to the complete computing power required.
Now, Eric Ryan Chan at Stanford University and his team have created an AI model, EG3D, that can generate random images of faces and other objects in high quality. “It’s among the first 3D models to provide near-realistic images,” says Chan. “On top of that, it generates finely detailed 3D shapes and it’s fast enough to run in real time on a laptop.”
Chan’s team used features from existing high-quality 2D GANs(generative adversarial network) and added a component that can transform these images for 3D space. “By breaking down the architecture into two pieces, we solve two problems at once: computational efficiency and backwards compatibility (兼容性) with existing architectures,” says Chan.
Another new machine learning model created by Yong Jae Lee and his team is called Giraffe HD, which tries to get features of a 3Dimage that are manipulatable. “If you’re trying to generate an image of a car, you might want to have control over the type of car,” says Lee. It could also potentially let you determine the shape and color, and the background or the scenery in which the car is actually situated.
EG3D and Giraffe HD are part of a wider move towards using AIs to create 3D images. However, there are still problems to deal with in terms of wider applicability. Also, they can be limited by the data you put in.
20．What can be inferred about EG3D from paragraph 2?
A．It provides vivid 3D shapes. B．It runs only on desktop computers.
C．It is the first 3D model. D．It is relatively slow.
21．What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．How Chan’s team generates EG3D． B．Why high-quality 2D GANs are used.
C．What problems Chan’s team face. D．How different 3D and 2D space are.
22．What does the underlined word “manipulatable” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Clear. B．Controllable. C．Detailed. D．Complicated.
23．What can we say about EG3D and Giraffe HD according to the last paragraph?
A．They need to be improved. B．They will soon be widely used.
C．They can be easily combined. D．They limit the data you put in.
Adulting is hard. While high school students are at the forefront of technological and learning skills, it’s often not until they leave home that they learn everyday life skills. Some believe that high schools should offer a common sense course in which students are taught how to pay bills, change a tire or cook. Now, one Kentucky school is offering an “adulting day” to teach such skills to students in their senior year.
A class at Bullitt Central High School in Shepherdsville, Ky., traded in their algebra and literature classes for a day to learn some positive life skills, according to Wave 3 News.
“I think that the idea occurred to me, originally, when I saw a Facebook post that parents passed around saying they needed a class in high school on taxes and cooking, ” Christy Hardin, director of the BCHS Family Resource & Youth Services Center, told Wave 3. “Our kids can get that, but they have to choose it. And “Wednesday” was a day they could pick and choose pieces they didn’t feel like they had gotten so far.”
Members of the community helped provide the lessons for the students one on one, including local police who taught them how to interact with officers during traffic stops, a speaker who explained how to decipher the difference between homesickness and depression, and others who discussed how to use credit cards, how to cook in a dorm room and how to change a tire.
While many people on Facebook applauded the idea, with some arguing, “This should be taught in every high school,” others wondered what became of home economics.
Now known as Family and Consumer Sciences, these courses teach students how to cook, sew and budget, along with other skills. In many districts, however, the classes are electives and students do not always choose to take them.
“About time this came back, it was called Home Economics,” one woman wrote. “In today’s diverse make up of families it would be a welcome addition.”
Another shared, “We had home economics that taught us to cook and learned how to sew. We also had business math that taught us banking and finances. Why in the world is that not taught today? I mean, a special day called adulting to teach kids this stuff? Should be a required class credit.”
24．What can we infer from the first paragraph?
A．High school students are too busy to learn everyday life skills.
B．The schools in other districts have never taught everyday life skills to students.
C．High school students have all mastered technological and learning skills.
D．High school students are lacking in everyday life skills.
25．Why was BCHS brought to the attention of the public?
A．Because it did everything it could to cater to the parents.
B．Because it integrated life skills into its courses.
C．Because it offered parents opportunities to instruct classes.
D．Because it allowed students to decide on their own subjects.
26．The underlined word “decipher” in paragraph 4 probably means “________”.
A．determine B．define C．distinguish D．distribute
27．What are most people’s attitudes towards the courses?
A．Supportive B．Opposed C．Skeptical D．Indifferent
Every fall, like clockwork, Linda Krentz of Beaverton, Oregon, felt her brain go on strike. “I just couldn’t get going in the morning,” she says. “I’d get depressed and gain 10 pounds every winter and lose them again in the spring.” Then she read about seasonal affective disorder, a form of depression that occurs in fall and winter, and she saw the light literally. Every morning now she turns on a specially constructed light box for half an hour and sits in front of it to trick her brain into thinking it’s still enjoying those long summer days. It seems to work.
Krentz is not alone. Scientists estimate that 10 million Americans suffer from seasonal depression and 25 million more develop milder versions. But there’s never been definitive proof that treatment with very bright lights makes a difference. After all, it’s hard to do a double-blind test when the subjects can see for themselves whether or not the light is on. That’s why nobody has ever separated the real effects of light therapy from placebo (安慰剂) effects.
Until now, in three separate studies published last month, researchers report not only that light therapy works better than a placebo but that treatment is usually more effective in the early morning than in the evening. In two of the groups, the placebo problem was resolved by telling patients they were comparing light boxes to a new anti-depressant device that gives off negatively charged ions (离子). The third used the timing of light therapy as the control.
Why does light therapy work? No one really knows. “Our research suggests it has something to do with shifting the body’s internal clock,” says psychiatrist Dr. Lewey. The body is programmed to start the day with sunrise, he explains, and this gets later as the days get shorter. But why such subtle shifts make some people depressed and not others is a mystery.
That hasn’t stopped thousands of winter depressives from trying to heal themselves. Light boxes for that purpose are available without a doctor’s prescription. That bothers psychologist Michael Terman of Columbia University. He is worried that the boxes may be tried by patients who suffer from mental illness that can’t be treated with light. Terman has developed a questionnaire to help determine whether expert care is needed.
In any event, you should choose a reputable manufacturer. Whatever product you use should give off only visible light, because ultraviolet light damages the eyes. If you are photosensitive (对光敏感的), you may develop a rash. Otherwise, the main drawback is having to sit in front of the light for 30 to 60 minutes in the morning. That’s an inconvenience many winter depressives can live with.
28．What is the probable cause of Krentz’s problem?
A．An unexpected gain in body weight.
B．Unexplained impairment of her nervous system.
C．Weakening of her eyesight with the setting in of winter.
D．Poor adjustment of her body clock to seasonal changes.
29．What is the CURRENT view concerning the treatment of seasonal depression with bright lights?
A．There is definitive proof of its effect.
B．It serves as a kind of placebo.
C．It is considered as a relatively effective therapy.
D．It hardly produces any effects.
30．What is psychologist Michael Terman’s major concern?
A．Winter depressives will be addicted to using light boxes.
B．No mental patients would bother to consult psychiatrists.
C．Inferior light boxes will give off harmful ultraviolet lights.
D．Light therapy could be misused by certain mental patients.
31．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Winter depressives prefer light therapy in spite of its inconvenience.
B．Light therapy increases the patient’s photosensitivity.
C．Eye damage is a side effect of light therapy.
D．Light boxes can be programmed to correspond to shifts in the body clock.
Check out our top 5 weather apps for your smart phones, which will keep you one step ahead of nature.
Tornado Warning and Alert AppThis app from the American Red Cross tracks a tornado as it approaches with step-by-step advice about what to do before the storm hits. A siren warning is built into the app and goes off when the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration issues a tornado warning in your area.
The Weather Channel AppThis app includes weekly weather forecasts from more than 200 meteorologists and lets you check what kind of weather lays ahead, complete with storm prediction maps. The Weather Channel App also alerts users to storm warning in the area.
Lightening FinderIf the goal is to get to the storm, rather than avoid it, this app is here to help. The Lightening Finder color — codes the age of the lightening bolt, and estimates a safe distance from which to watch it.
NOAA Weather Radio HDThis app broadcasts radio reports from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and gives you around-the-clock updates on the latest weather warnings, watches, advisories, and forecasts. Push notifications alert you to serious storm warnings in your area even when you are not currently using the application. The app also gives detailed four-day forecasts based on your GPS coordinates, or a chosen location.
Dark SkyStay dry with Dark Sky, which offers weather reports, including minute-by-minute rain forecasts for your exact location. To keep its predictions as accurate as possible, this app forecasts only one hour into the future.
32．If you want to keep track of daily weather changes, you may choose _________.A．Lightening Finder B．The Weather Channel App
C．Tornado Warning and Alert App D．NOAA Weather Radio HD
33．Which of the following is TRUE about Dark Sky?
A．It is especially suitable to predict wet days.
B．It provides more services than the others.
C．It only offers accurate prediction for your area.
D．It keeps you aware of the weather days ahead.
34．The main differences of the five apps lie in _________.
A．user’s phones. B．user’s locations
C．their images D．their functions
Research into social robots has shown that machines that are at the cutting edge of interaction can respond to feelings and emotionally care for the weak, the elderly and children.
Robin was designed as a companion robot to provide emotional support for children receiving medical treatment. Robin explains medical procedures to them, plays games and tells stories, and during treatment distracts them to reduce their sense of pain. The robot uses AI to understand other people’s feelings, remembering facial expressions and conversations to build dialogue for follow-up sessions. In trials at the Wigmore Medical (UK) Pediatric Clinic in Yerevan, Armenia, the team found that Robin led to a 34% decrease in stress and an increase in happiness of 26% in the 120 children who interacted with him at least once.
Healthcare robots could all benefit from displaying emotional intelligence, both recognizing and responding to human emotions, and to some extent, managing them. The problem with this is the fear that human jobs may be lost as robots become better at handling social situations.
Population trends suggest that the demand for robots to work alongside people in care situations will grow over time. By 2050, the number of people aged 65 and over globally will be 1. 6 billion (17%), roughly twice the proportion of what it is today. An extra 3. 5 million care workers will be needed and that will include emotionally intelligent robots.
Today’s simple systems are being trained to meet that demand. This includes a little wheeled robot that can guess how you are feeling from the way you walk, and the robot from the University of Lincoln in the UK-who helps elderly people to stay physically and mentally active.
The impact of social robots on our lives to date has been tiny. But new models are being introduced that could make the breakthrough. Human emotions are difficult to define, but as trust in robots increases, breaking down the psychological barrier becomes easier to imagine.
35．What are social robots uniquely capable of?
A．Playing songs for blind people on their request.
B．Comforting mentally ill teens during treatment.
C．Lifting heavy packages upstairs for weak people.
D．Cooking delicious dishes for the disabled at home.
36．What aspect about Robin is mainly talked about in Paragraph 2?
A．Robin’s practical application.
B．Robin’s success in passing tests.
C．Robin’s popularity in hospitals.
D．Robin’s function to cure diseases.
37．How is Paragraph 4 developed?
A．By giving definition.
B．By making comparison.
C．By analyzing causes.
D．By concluding viewpoints.
38．As for the application of social robots, which of the following will the author agree with?
A．It is already happening throughout UK.
B．It is an unstoppable and beneficial trend.
C．Humans need to work hard to secure jobs.
D．Social Robots can only meet basic human needs.
参考答案：
1．C
2．B
3．A
4．D
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了哮喘的症状、原因、分类以及治疗与预防方法。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“It is a lung disease that affects your airways — the tubes that carry air to and from your lungs. It causes the muscles in these tubes to contract, the tubes themselves to swell and sticky mucus to be produced. (这是一种肺部疾病，会影响你的气道——输送空气进出肺部的管道。它会导致这些管子里的肌肉收缩，管道本身膨胀，产生粘稠的粘液。)”可知，哮喘发作时，气道中的肌肉收缩，因此气道变窄。故选C项。
2．主旨大意题。根据第二段“These can be described as mild asthma attacks; however, they can usually be controlled by medication. A severe asthma attack, on the other hand, where a sufferer finds it very difficult to breathe, may require hospital treatment. How badly you are affected by these symptoms depends on what types of asthma you have—from mild to chronic—and how well you are able to control the disorder. (这些症状可以被描述为轻度哮喘发作；然而，它们通常可以通过药物控制。另一方面，严重的哮喘发作，患者发现呼吸非常困难，可能需要住院治疗。这些症状对你的影响有多严重取决于你患的是哪种类型的哮喘——从轻度到慢性——以及你控制这种疾病的能力。)”可知，第二段主要介绍了哮喘的类型。故选B项。
3．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Additionally, all attacks need a trigger, and if these triggers can be identified and avoided, the likelihood of an attack decreases. Triggers can include: pollution, smoking, dust, animal hair, stress, pollen, exercise and cold air. These triggers are personal to each individual sufferer, so if you have asthma, make sure you know what is causing your attacks. (此外，所有的哮喘发作都需要一个trigger，如果可以识别和避免这些triggers，攻击的可能性就会降低。triggers包括：污染、吸烟、灰尘、动物毛发、压力、花粉、运动和冷空气。这些triggers因人而异，所以如果你有哮喘，一定要知道是什么导致了你的发作)”可知，由污染、吸烟、灰尘、动物毛发、压力、花粉、运动或冷空气导致哮喘发作，因此推断trigger表示“诱因”，与Cause意思相近，故选A项。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“So if you have asthma, remember to keep generally healthy, take regular exercise and lots of vitamin C to avoid colds and flu—which can be dangerous for asthma sufferers. (因此，如果你患有哮喘，记得保持身体健康，定期锻炼，摄入大量维生素C，以避免感冒和流感——这对哮喘患者来说是危险的。)”可知，患有哮喘的人，定期锻炼，而非Excessive exercise(过度运动)，故选D项。
5．C
6．B
7．A
8．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候遇到一个小女孩想把抓到的萤火虫放在罐子里，孩子的妈妈让她把萤火虫放出来，想让萤火虫和世界其他人分享他的光亮，作者通过这个故事告诉我们分享的重要性。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“A few weeks earlier the first fireflies had appeared blinking (眨眼) their lights on and off in the woods around my house. What a joy it was seeing them again. Their little flickers (闪耀) of light made me smile with delight.”（几周前，第一只萤火虫出现在我家周围的树林里，不时闪烁着光亮。再次见到他们真是太高兴了。他们闪烁的微光使我高兴地笑了。）可知，几年前的六月，萤火虫再次出现在作者家周围的树林里，不时闪烁着光亮，这让作者感到高兴，由此可知，几年前的六月，作者感到高兴，因为萤火虫回来了，闪烁着光亮。故选C项。
6．推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“One of the girls went inside and came back with a clear, glass jar. After chasing a few without success she finally caught a firefly inside it.”（其中一个女孩走了进去，拿着一个透明的玻璃罐子回来。在追了几只没成功后，她终于抓到了一只萤火虫放在了里面。）和“One of the girls protested but the Mom explained that the firefly would die if left in the jar.”（其中一个女孩表示抗议，但妈妈解释说，如果把萤火虫留在罐子里，他会死的。）可知，女孩把抓到的萤火虫放在了罐子里，并拒绝把他放出来，由此可知，女孩想把萤火虫放在罐子里。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“One of the girls protested but the Mom explained that the firefly would die if left in the jar. Then she said something that still stays in my heart to this day: “It is time to let this little guy go so he can share his light with the rest of the world!””（其中一个女孩表示抗议，但妈妈解释说，如果把萤火虫留在罐子里，它会死的。然后她说了一句至今仍留在我心中的话：“是时候让这个小家伙走了，这样他就可以和世界其他人分享他的光亮了！”）可知，妈妈让女孩放了萤火虫，因为她不想萤火虫死掉，想让他和世界其他人分享他的光亮，由此可知，妈妈是个关心他人的人。故选A项。
8．推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Don’t hide your light. Don’t keep it in a jar. Share your flickers, no matter how small they may be. Let the love inside you out. Let the glow within you drive the darkness away.”（不要隐藏你的光芒。不要把它放在罐子里。分享你的光芒，无论它们有多小。让爱在你的内心深处。让你内心的光芒赶走黑暗。）可知，最后一段中，作者鼓励我们分享我们的光芒，让我们内心的光芒赶走黑暗，由此可知，作者在最后一段表达了他对分享的态度。故选D项。
9．C
10．A
11．D
12．D
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了美国国家航空航天局(NASA)研发的直升机“机智号 (Ingenuity)”在火星起飞，成为了历史上第一架在另一个星球上进行动力控制飞行的飞机。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Ingenuity is flying in conditions unlike any possible on Earth - the gravity on Mars is only one-third as strong as Earth’s, and the atmosphere is extremely thin, at just one percent the density compared to the Earth. Combined with the extreme cold and a lengthy radio delay, the mission has got a lot that can go wrong. (机智号在地球上不可能存在的条件下飞行——火星上的重力只有地球的三分之一，大气层极其稀薄，密度只有地球的百分之一。再加上极端寒冷和长时间的无线电延迟，这次任务有很多可能出错的地方。)”可知，严寒和无线电不准时使机智号在火星上飞行具有挑战性。故选C项。
10．词句猜测题。划线词句后文“After troubleshooting the issue, NASA developed a fix and beamed a software update to the Red Planet. (在解决了这个问题后，NASA开发了一个修复程序，并向这颗红色星球发送了软件更新。)”说明机智号在火星上飞行时出现了问题，从而推知划线词句“After surviving its first cold night on Mars, Ingenuity was set to take off on April 11, but a software error during a high-speed spin test of its rotors (螺旋桨) on April 9 threw a spanner in the works. (在火星上度过了第一个寒冷的夜晚后，机智号原定于4月11日起飞，但在4月9日对其转子进行高速旋转测试时出现了一个软件错误，threw a spanner in the works。)”其中划线部分意思应为“造成了问题”。故选A项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Now, 117 years after the Wright brothers succeeded in making the first flight on our planet, NASA’s Ingenuity helicopter has left this amazing footprint of success on another world. (现在，在莱特兄弟成功地在我们的星球上进行首次飞行117年之后，美国宇航局的独创性直升机在另一个世界上留下了惊人的成功足迹。)”以及“To show respect for the two bicycle makers from Dayton, this first of many airfields on other worlds will now be known as Wright Brothers Field, in recognition of the ingenuity and creativity that continue to encourage exploration. (为了表达对这两位来自代顿的自行车制造商的尊重，这个其他星球上的第一个机场将被称为莱特兄弟机场，以表彰他们继续鼓励探索的独创性和创造力。)”可知，提到莱特兄弟是为了强调机智号火星之旅的意义。故选D项。
12．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“NASA has made history today, conducting the very first powered flight on another planet. The Mars Helicopter Ingenuity (机智号) successfully took to the Red Planet skies for a brief journey, which will hopefully be the first of several. (美国宇航局今天创造了历史，在另一个星球上进行了第一次动力飞行。机智号火星直升机成功地飞上了红色星球的天空，进行了短暂的旅行，希望这将是几次中的第一次。)”可知，本文主要讲述了机智号火星首飞成功，具有重要的历史意义。选项D符合文章主题，故选D项。
13．B
14．A
15．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个不同的旅游景点和去处。
13．推理判断题。根据Honolulu – Oahu中的“Keep in mind that winter is the island’s high season, so make your reservations early and expect to share the sand with lots of other sun-seeking travelers.(请记住，冬季是岛上的旺季，所以要早点预订，并期待着与许多其他寻求阳光的旅行者分享沙滩。)”和Galápagos Islands中的“Winter in the Galápagos Islands is marked by warm weather and ample opportunities to view wildlife, snorkel and scuba dive. Although this is technically the wet season, the sun shines most days and rain showers are brief. (Galápagos岛的冬天以温暖的天气和充足的机会观赏野生动物，浮潜和水肺潜水而闻名。虽然严格来说这是雨季，但大部分时间阳光明媚，阵雨也很短暂。)”可推知，这两个地方冬天都有温暖的阳光。故选B项。
14．细节理解题。根据Sydney中的“This time of year also features a packed events calendar, with can’t-miss sporting events and celebrations like the KPMG Australia Sail Grand Prix and Sydney’s famed New Year’s Eve fireworks display. Remember to book your tickets early, as this can be a pricey and popular time to visit Australia.(每年的这个时候也有很多活动，不能错过的体育赛事和庆祝活动，如毕马威澳大利亚帆船大奖赛和悉尼著名的新年前夜烟花表演。记得早点订票，因为这段时间去澳大利亚旅游价格昂贵，但很受欢迎。)”可知，如果想去看新年的烟花表演，需要早点订票。故选A项。
15．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Some travelers are itching to escape the season’s bitter weather. If you want to find the locale that best suits your winter vacation, use these ideas to start planning your getaway.(一些旅行者渴望逃离这个季节的恶劣天气。如果你想找到最适合你寒假的地方，用这些想法开始计划你的假期吧。)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了Honolulu – Oahu、Sydney和Galápagos Islands三个旅游景点和去处。由此可知，本文最可能来自于旅行社的网站。故选C项。
16．C
17．A
18．C
19．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Daniel Brush是一位创造奇迹的人，使用古老的工艺来制作物品，他终生研究黄金，一生追求艺术理想。
16．推理判断题。文章第三段讲到“The ancient technique of applying gold beads as fine as sand-grains to a curved gold surface without solder (焊接), was stunning, but so was the lightness of spirit.(在没有焊料的弯曲金表面上涂上细如沙粒的金珠的古老技术令人惊叹，但精神的轻盈也是如此。)”可知Daniel Brush倾向于使用古老的工艺来制作物品，故选C。
17．细节理解题。文章第四段讲到“His chief motivation, he said, was to understand the material and, through that, himself. He wondered why his heart had beaten so fast in the museum that day. Gold in particular had a message for him. His contact with this glorious metal might focus all his attention and help him to hear it.(他说，他的主要动机是了解材料，并通过这些了解自己。他想知道为什么那天他的心脏在博物馆里跳动得如此之快。黄金特别向他传达了一个信息。他与这种光荣金属的接触可能会集中他的所有注意力，帮助他听到它。)”可知他终生研究黄金的主要原因是他想了解更多关于黄金和自己的知识，故选A。
18．推理判断题。文章第二段讲到“For 45 years in that loft, he had pursued his calling (在那间阁楼里45年来，他一直在追寻自己的使命)”以及整篇文章描述他对黄金的研究和投入，可知Daniel Brush非常投入和专注，故选C。
19．细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“For Daniel Brush, he loved the idea that one might take a piece made by Brush out of a pocket, let its beauty pass from mind to mind, and smile. That too was what its maker was after. (对于Daniel Brush来说，他喜欢这样的想法：人们可以从口袋里拿出一件Brush制作的作品，让它的美从脑海中传递到脑海中，然后微笑。这也是它的制造者所追求的。)”可知作者在最后一段中强调的是Brush追求的艺术理想，故选D。
20．A
21．A
22．B
23．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能模型将很快被用在笔记本电脑上即时创建或编辑逼真的三维场景，提出了两个举例，一个是现在，斯坦福大学的Eric Ryan Chan和他的团队创建了一个人工智能模型EG3D，可以生成高质量的人脸和其他物体的随机图像，另一个是Yong Jae Lee和他的团队创建的Giraffe HD，它试图获得可操纵的3D图像特征。
20．推理判断题。根据第二段中“‘It’s among the first 3D models to provide near-realistic images,’ says Chan. ‘On top of that, it generates finely detailed 3D shapes and it’s fast enough to run in real time on a laptop.’(Chan说：“这是首批能提供近乎真实图像的3D模型之一。”“除此之外，它还能生成精细的3D形状，速度快到可以在笔记本电脑上实时运行。”)”可推知，EG3D可以提供逼真的图像。故选A项。
21．主旨大意题。分析第三段内容可知，首句“Chan’s team used features from existing high-quality 2D GANs(generative adversarial network) and added a component that can transform these images for 3D space.(Chan的团队使用了现有的高质量2D生成对抗网络的功能，并添加了一个可以将这些图像转换为3D空间的组件。)”为该段主旨句，以及后文的讲述可知，这一段主要讲述Chan的团队如何创造出EG3D的。故选A项。
22．词义猜测题。根据下文的进一步举例解释“If you’re trying to generate an image of a car, you might want to have control over the type of car(如果您试图生成汽车的图像，您可能需要控制汽车的类型)”以及“It could also potentially let you determine the shape and color, and the background or the scenery in which the car is actually situated.(它还可能让你决定汽车的形状和颜色，以及汽车实际所处的背景或风景。)”可知，此处的“manipulatable”应是与“control over”，“determine”表达含义一致，即指“可控的，可操作的”。故选B项。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, there are still problems to deal with in terms of wider applicability.(然而，在更广泛的适用性方面仍有问题需要解决)”可知，它们在适用性方面还有一些问题要解决，由此可推知它们尚需改进。故选A项。
24．D
25．B
26．C
27．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了肯塔基州的一所高中把生活技能学习融入了课程，这引起了公众的关注。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“While high school students are at the forefront of technological and learning skills, it’s often not until they leave home that they learn everyday life skills.”（虽然高中生处于技术和学习技能的前沿，但他们通常直到离开家才能学习日常生活技能。）可知，高中生直到离开家才能学习日常生活技能，由此可知，从第一段我们可以推断出高中生缺乏日常生活技能。故选D项。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段内容“A class at Bullitt Central High School in Shepherdsville, Ky., traded in their algebra and literature classes for a day to learn some positive life skills, according to Wave 3 News.”（据Wave 3新闻报道，肯塔基州谢泼兹维尔市布利特中央高中的一个班级用一天上代数和文学课的时间去学习一些积极的生活技能。）和第五段内容“While many people on Facebook applauded the idea, with some arguing, “This should be taught in every high school,” others wondered what became of home economics.”（尽管Facebook上的许多人对这一想法表示赞赏，有些人认为，“这应该在每一所高中都教授”，但也有人想知道家政学会变成什么样子。）可知，BCHS把学习生活技能融入了课程，这在Facebook上引起人们的关注和讨论，由此可知，BCHS会引起公众的注意，因为它把生活技能融入了课程。故选B项。
26．词义猜测题。根据画线单词句中“the difference between homesickness and depression”（思乡与抑郁症的区别）可知，演讲者解释的是如何区分思乡与抑郁症的区别，两者的区别是需要进行区分的，“distinguish”意为“区分”，能够表达画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选C项。
27．推理判断题。根据第五段内容“While many people on Facebook applauded the idea, with some arguing, “This should be taught in every high school,” others wondered what became of home economics.”（尽管Facebook上的许多人对这一想法表示赞赏，有些人认为，“这应该在每一所高中都教授”，但也有人想知道家政学会变成什么样子。）可知，大都数人对这一想法表示赞赏，认为这应该在每一所高中都教授，由此可知，大多数人对课程的态度是支持的。故选A项。
28．D
29．C
30．D
31．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述的是由于季节变换所带来的人的情绪上的变化，特别是一些消极的变化，并给出积极的应对措施。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Every fall, like clockwork, Linda Krentz of Beaverton, Oregon, felt her brain go on strike. “I just couldn’t get going in the morning,” she says. “I’d get depressed and gain 10 pounds every winter and lose them again in the spring.” Then she read about seasonal affective disorder, a form of depression that occurs in fall and winter, and she saw the light literally. (每年秋天，像时钟一样，俄勒冈州比弗顿的Linda Krentz都会感到自己的大脑在罢工。“我早上根本没法去上班。” 她说：“我很沮丧，每年冬天体重都会增加10磅，到了春天又会瘦下来。”后来她读到有关季节性情绪障碍的文章，这是一种发生在秋冬季节的抑郁症，她真正看到了光明。)”可知Linda Krentz秋季时会产生季节性情绪障碍，即：她的生物钟无法很好地根据季节的变化而进行调整。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Until now, in three separate studies published last month, researchers report not only that light therapy works better than a placebo but that treatment is usually more effective in the early morning than in the evening.(到目前为止，在上个月发表的三项独立的研究中，研究人员报告说，光疗法不仅比安慰剂效果更好，而且治疗通常在清晨比晚上更有效。)”可知，治疗季节性抑郁症，光疗法比安慰剂要好，目前被认为是相对更有效的疗法。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Light boxes for that purpose are available without a doctor’s prescription. That bothers psychologist Michael Terman of Columbia University. He is worried that the boxes may be tried by patients who suffer from mental illness that can’t be treated with light. (这种灯箱不需要医生的处方就可以买到。这让哥伦比亚大学的心理学家Michael Terman感到困扰。他担心这些盒子可能会被那些无法用光治疗的精神疾病患者使用。)”可知，Michael Terman担心光线疗法可能被某些精神病人误用。故选D。
31．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后两句“Otherwise, the main drawback is having to sit in front of the light for 30 to 60 minutes in the morning. That’s an inconvenience many winter depressives can live with.(除此以外，主要的缺点是早上不得不坐在灯前30到60分钟。这是许多冬季抑郁症患者可以忍受的不便。)”可知，光疗法的主要缺点是早上不得不坐在灯前30到60分钟，但是冬季抑郁症患者可以接受此不便之处，接受光疗。故选A。
32．D
33．A
34．D
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了为智能手机准备的5款天气应用。
32．细节理解题。根据NOAA Weather Radio HD部分“This app broadcasts radio reports from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and gives you around-the-clock updates on the latest weather warnings(这个应用程序播放来自国家海洋和大气管理局的广播报告，并为您提供全天候更新最新天气预告)”可知，如果你想跟踪每天的天气变化，你可以选择NOAA Weather Radio HD。故选D项。
33．细节理解题。根据Dark Sky部分“Stay dry with Dark Sky, which offers weather reports, including minute-by-minute rain forecasts for your exact location. (使用Dark Sky保持干燥，它提供天气报告，包括对你确切位置的每分钟降雨预报)”可知，Dark Sky可以提供你所在位置的每分钟降雨预报，所以“It is especially suitable to predict wet days.(它特别适用于预测雨天)”是正确的说法。故选A项。
34．细节理解题。根据Tornado Warning and Alert App部分“This app from the American Red Cross tracks a tornado (这个来自美国红十字会的应用程序跟踪龙卷风)”、The Weather Channel App部分“lets you check what kind of weather lays ahead, complete with storm prediction maps.(并让你检查未来的天气状况，以及风暴预测地图)”、Lightening Finder部分“If the goal is to get to the storm, rather than avoid it(如果你的目标是到达风暴，而不是避开它，这个应用程序可以帮助你)”、NOAA Weather Radio HD部分“This app broadcasts radio reports from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and gives you around-the-clock updates on the latest weather warnings(这个应用程序播放来自国家海洋和大气管理局的广播报告，并为您提供全天候更新最新天气预告)”和Dark Sky部分“Stay dry with Dark Sky, which offers weather reports, including minute-by-minute rain forecasts for your exact location.(使用Dark Sky保持干燥，它提供天气报告，包括对你确切位置的每分钟降雨预报)”可知，5款天气应用的主要区别是功能不同。故选D项。
35．B
36．A
37．C
38．B
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，以Robin为例，介绍了对社交机器人的研究：处于互动前沿的机器可以对情感做出反应，并在情感上照顾弱者、老人和儿童。作者认为用社交机器人作为看护将会是一个不可阻挡的有益趋势。
35．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Research into social robots has shown that machines that are at the cutting edge of interaction can respond to feelings and emotionally care for the weak, the elderly and children.(对社交机器人的研究表明，处于互动前沿的机器可以对情感做出反应，并在情感上照顾弱者、老人和儿童)”可知，社交机器人可以对情绪作出回应并在情感上关爱弱者、老年人和小孩，这是它的与众不同之处，因此，它能在治疗期间安慰患有精神疾病的青少年。故选B项。
36．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Robin explains medical procedures to them, plays games and tells stories, and during treatment distracts them to reduce their sense of pain. The robot uses AI to understand other people’s feelings, remembering facial expressions and conversations to build dialogue for follow-up sessions.(罗宾向他们解释医疗程序，玩游戏，讲故事，并在治疗期间分散他们的注意力，以减轻他们的痛感。该机器人使用人工智能来理解他人的感受，记住面部表情和对话，为后续会话建立对话)”可知，文章第二段主要介绍了机器人罗宾的实际应用。故选A项。
37．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Population trends suggest that the demand for robots to work alongside people in care situations will grow over time.(人口趋势表明，随着时间的推移，对机器人与护理人员一起工作的需求将会增长)”及“By 2050, the number of people aged 65 and over globally will be 1. 6 billion (17%), roughly twice the proportion of what it is today. An extra 3. 5 million care workers will be needed and that will include emotionally intelligent robots.(到2050年，全球65岁及以上的人口数量将达到16亿(17%)，大约是目前比例的两倍。英国还需要350万名护工，其中包括情商机器人)”可知，本段后文内容对首句描述的现象进行了原因说明，即对机器人与护理人员一起工作的需求将会增长是由于年老人口数的增长；因此，第四段通过分析现象后的原因来说明。故选C项。
38．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“Population trends suggest that the demand for robots to work alongside people in care situations will grow over time.(人口趋势表明，随着时间的推移，对机器人与护理人员一起工作的需求将会增长)”及倒数第二段“Today’s simple systems are being trained to meet that demand.(如今的简单系统正在被训练以满足这一需求)”结合最后一段“Human emotions are difficult to define, but as trust in robots increases, breaking down the psychological barrier becomes easier to imagine.(人类的情感很难定义，但随着对机器人信任的增加，打破心理障碍变得更容易想象)”可知，对于社交机器人的运用，作者认为是不可阻挡的有益趋势。故选B项。
阅读理解
Asthma (哮喘) is a condition that affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide. It is a lung disease that affects your airways—the tubes that carry air to and from your lungs. It causes the muscles in these tubes to contract, the tubes themselves to swell and sticky mucus to be produced. All of these factors can make it very difficult for a sufferer to breathe properly.
Shortness of breath, especially after exercise, coughing or difficulty breathing while sleeping are all common symptoms. These can be described as mild asthma attacks; however, they can usually be controlled by medication. A severe asthma attack, on the other hand, where a sufferer finds it very difficult to breathe, may require hospital treatment. How badly you are affected by these symptoms depends on what types of asthma you have—from mild to chronic—and how well you are able to control the disorder.
Mild or moderate asthma can be easily controlled through medication or lifestyle changes. Additionally, all attacks need a trigger, and if these triggers can be identified and avoided, the likelihood of an attack decreases. Triggers can include: pollution, smoking, dust, animal hair, stress, pollen, exercise and cold air. These triggers are personal to each individual sufferer, so if you have asthma, make sure you know what is causing your attacks.
In the last half-century there have been many developments in the treatment of asthma. There are presently two main types of medicine: preventers and relievers. A preventer is used every day and reduces the swelling of the airways, cutting the risk of an attack. A reliever is taken when breathing has become (or is going to become) difficult; this actually relaxes the muscles of the airways, reducing constriction and improving the airflow.
Prevention is also good treatment. So if you have asthma, remember to keep generally healthy, take regular exercise and lots of vitamin C to avoid colds and flu —which can be dangerous for asthma sufferers. A healthy diet is also important, and do watch what you eat, as certain foods or food additives can be asthma triggers.
1．What happens to the organs in an asthma attack?
A．Lungs expand. B．Tubes tighten.
C．Airways narrow. D．Muscles swell.
2．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about Asthma?
A．Common symptoms. B．Types of attack.
C．Medical treatment. D．Severity of disorder.
3．What does the underlined word “trigger” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Cause. B．Treatment. C．Relief. D．Result.
4．Which one is not a wise choice to deal with asthma?
A．Advance prevention. B．Healthy diet.
C．Proper medication. D．Excessive exercise.
It was June a few years ago right around the Summer Solstice, the longest day of the year. A few weeks earlier the first fireflies had appeared blinking (眨眼) their lights on and off in the woods around my house. What a joy it was seeing them again. Their little flickers (闪耀) of light made me smile with delight.
Now as the daylight was starting to fade I saw out my window some of the neighborhood children attempting to catch the slow moving lightening bugs. One of the girls went inside and came back with a clear, glass jar. After chasing a few without success she finally caught a firefly inside it. All the other children gathered around to watch it flickering its light on and off inside the jar. Soon darkness started to fall and the children’s Mom walked over to them and told them it was time to set the firefly free. One of the girls protested but the Mom explained that the firefly would die if left in the jar. Then she said something that still stays in my heart to this day: “It is time to let this little guy go so he can share his light with the rest of the world!”
I remember when I was a little boy we all used to sing the song, “This little light of mine, I’m going to let it shine!” But as adults we find it hard to do so. We dwell on (老是想着) the darkness too much and in fear keep our light hidden away. Don’t hide your light. Don’t keep it in a jar. Share your flickers, no matter how small they may be. Let the love inside you out. Let the glow within you drive the darkness away.
5．Why did the author feel happy in a June a few years ago?
A．He could enjoy the longest day of the year.
B．He could walk outside in the light of fireflies.
C．Fireflies came back and blinked their lights.
D．It became warmer and everything came alive.
6．What did the girl want to do with the firefly?
A．Watch and study it. B．Keep it in the jar.
C．Free it in no time. D．Use it for light at night.
7．Which word can best describe the mother?
A．Caring. B．Calm. C．Ambitious. D．Casual.
8．What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?
A．Show us his innocent years. B．Warn us not to hurt animals.
C．Explain his views on summer. D．Express his attitude to sharing.
NASA has made history today, conducting the very first powered flight on another planet. The Mars Helicopter Ingenuity (机智号) successfully took to the Red Planet skies for a brief journey, which will hopefully be the first of several.
Along with accumulating 30 minutes and 48 seconds of flight time, the helicopter has traveled over the surface a distance of 2.2 miles, flying as high as 12 meters and as fast as 5 meters per second.
Flying a craft for a few seconds might not sound like too big an accomplishment, but it’s quite a remarkable achievement of engineering. Ingenuity is flying in conditions unlike any possible on Earth - the gravity on Mars is only one-third as strong as Earth’s, and the atmosphere is extremely thin, at just one percent the density compared to the Earth. Combined with the extreme cold and a lengthy radio delay, the mission has got a lot that can go wrong.
And it already has. After surviving its first cold night on Mars, Ingenuity was set to take off on April 11, but a software error during a high-speed spin test of its rotors (螺旋桨) on April 9 threw a spanner in the works. After troubleshooting the issue, NASA developed a fix and beamed a software update to the Red Planet. If all goes to plan, NASA will conduct a few more flights over the next few weeks, sending Ingenuity higher and farther each time.
“Now, 117 years after the Wright brothers succeeded in making the first flight on our planet, NASA’s Ingenuity helicopter has left this amazing footprint of success on another world,” says Thomas Zurbuchen, NASA Associate Administrator for Science. “While these two symbolic moments in NASA history may be separated by time and 173 million miles of space, they now will forever be linked. To show respect for the two bicycle makers from Dayton, this first of many airfields on other worlds will now be known as Wright Brothers Field, in recognition of the ingenuity and creativity that continue to encourage exploration.”
9．What makes the flight of Ingenuity on Mars challenging?
A．The bad air quality on Mars.
B．The doubled gravity on Mars.
C．Both severe cold and not punctual radio.
D．The changing weather conditions of Mars.
10．Which of the following best explains “threw a spanner in the works“ underlined in paragraph 4?
A．Caused problems. B．Found faults.
C．Repaired damage. D．Solved crisis.
11．Why are the Wright brothers mentioned by Thomas Zurbuchen?
A．To encourage more airplane designs.
B．To promote the spirit of ingenuity and creativity.
C．To recognize the great contributions of the Wright brothers.
D．To highlight the meaningfulness of the Ingenuity’s journey to Mars.
12．Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A．A Successful Exploration on Mars
B．A Promising Future of Ingenuity Helicopter
C．NASA’s Ingenuity Helicopter Faces Great Challenges
D．NASA’s Ingenuity Helicopter Makes Historic First Flight
Some travelers are itching to escape the season’s bitter weather. If you want to find the locale that best suits your winter vacation, use these ideas to start planning your getaway.
Honolulu - Oahu
As temperatures begin to drop in other parts of the world, Hawaii’s capital city remains comfortable thanks to average highs in the low to 80 degrees. Visit Chinatown for festive Chinese New Year celebrations, or marvel at the Honolulu City Lights, a month-long Christmas display at Honolulu’s city hall. Keep in mind that winter is the island’s high season, so make your reservations early and expect to share the sand with lots of other sun-seeking travelers.
Sydney
Sydney’s summer begins in December and lasts through February, making this a popular destination for tourists escaping the Northern Hemisphere’s chilly winter weather. Average daytime temperatures hover between the mid-70s and low 80s. This time of year also features a packed events calendar, with can’t-miss sporting events and celebrations like the KPMG Australia Sail Grand Prix and Sydney’s famed New Year’s Eve fireworks display. Remember to book your tickets early, as this can be a pricey and popular time to visit Australia.
Galápagos Islands
Winter in the Galápagos Islands is marked by warm weather and ample opportunities to view wildlife, snorkel and scuba dive. Although this is technically the wet season, the sun shines most days and rain showers are brief. Plan on visiting in December to see newly hatched giant tortoises and male marine lizards displaying vivid colors. For a bit more action, arrive in February to celebrate Carnival on Santa Cruz Island. To read more, click here.
13．What do Oahu and Galapagos Islands have in common?
A．International sports events. B．Warm sunshine.
C．Diverse wildlife. D．Festive city lights.
14．What should you do if you want to see a spectacular display of New Year’s Eve fireworks?
A．Book your tickets early to Australia. B．Arrive in Galapagos Islands by February.
C．Visit Chinatown in the city of Honolulu. D．Make your reservations early to Hawaii.
15．Where is the text probably taken from?
A．An entertainment magazine. B．A tourist brochure.
C．A travel agency website. D．A pre-travel checklist.
Daniel Brush, an astonishing worker in gold, jewels and steel died on November 2022, aged 75. Students from a jewellery school once came to Brush’s studio, a loft in mid-Manhattan, awed to be meeting a figure who, to them, was a worker of miracles.
For 45 years in that loft, he had pursued his calling. His wife Olivia was the only company. He produced hundreds of objects of all sorts, most of them exquisite and many astonishingly small. Rather than use electricity, he laboured alone in a forest of antique machines and when tools frustrated him he made his own, displaying them in cupboards as art in themselves.
Above all else, he worked in gold. His obsession took fire when at 13 he saw an Etruscan gold bowl in the Victoria and Albert Museum. The ancient technique of applying gold beads as fine as sand-grains to a curved gold surface without solder (焊接), was stunning, but so was the lightness of spirit.
He resolved then that he would make such a bowl, and gold became the study of his life. Simply to watch it melt, turn to red-hot and white-hot, then glow purple, was magical. To hold pure gold grain and let it move slowly through his fingers restored his calm of spirit. His chief motivation, he said, was to understand the material and, through that, himself. He wondered why his heart had beaten so fast in the museum that day. Gold in particular had a message for him. His contact with this glorious metal might focus all his attention and help him to hear it.
He developed delicate craftsmanship, with each object virtually a museum piece. For Daniel Brush, he loved the idea that one might take a piece made by Brush out of a pocket, let its beauty pass from mind to mind, and smile. That too was what its maker was after.
16．What can we learn about Daniel Brush?
A．Students visited him regularly.
B．He began to live in his loft in 1975.
C．He tended to use ancient crafts to produce objects.
D．Most objects he produced were of a surprisingly small size.
17．What is the main reason for his lifelong study of gold?
A．He wanted to learn more about both gold and himself.
B．He wondered why his heart had beat fast in the museum.
C．His calm was restored when gold grain moved through fingers.
D．Gold had a particular message for him and he was eager to hear it.
18．Which of the following can best describe Daniel Brush?
A．Stubborn. B．Wealthy. C．Dedicated. D．Lonely.
19．What does the author try to emphasize in the last paragraph?
A．Brush’s valuable works. B．The admirers Brush expected.
C．Brush’s desire for fame. D．The artistic ideal Brush pursued.
Artificial intelligence models could soon be used to instantly create or edit realistic 3D scenes on a laptop. AIs have been able to produce realistic 2D images for some time, but 3D scenes have proved to be trickier due to the complete computing power required.
Now, Eric Ryan Chan at Stanford University and his team have created an AI model, EG3D, that can generate random images of faces and other objects in high quality. “It’s among the first 3D models to provide near-realistic images,” says Chan. “On top of that, it generates finely detailed 3D shapes and it’s fast enough to run in real time on a laptop.”
Chan’s team used features from existing high-quality 2D GANs(generative adversarial network) and added a component that can transform these images for 3D space. “By breaking down the architecture into two pieces, we solve two problems at once: computational efficiency and backwards compatibility (兼容性) with existing architectures,” says Chan.
Another new machine learning model created by Yong Jae Lee and his team is called Giraffe HD, which tries to get features of a 3Dimage that are manipulatable. “If you’re trying to generate an image of a car, you might want to have control over the type of car,” says Lee. It could also potentially let you determine the shape and color, and the background or the scenery in which the car is actually situated.
EG3D and Giraffe HD are part of a wider move towards using AIs to create 3D images. However, there are still problems to deal with in terms of wider applicability. Also, they can be limited by the data you put in.
20．What can be inferred about EG3D from paragraph 2?
A．It provides vivid 3D shapes. B．It runs only on desktop computers.
C．It is the first 3D model. D．It is relatively slow.
21．What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．How Chan’s team generates EG3D． B．Why high-quality 2D GANs are used.
C．What problems Chan’s team face. D．How different 3D and 2D space are.
22．What does the underlined word “manipulatable” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Clear. B．Controllable. C．Detailed. D．Complicated.
23．What can we say about EG3D and Giraffe HD according to the last paragraph?
A．They need to be improved. B．They will soon be widely used.
C．They can be easily combined. D．They limit the data you put in.
Adulting is hard. While high school students are at the forefront of technological and learning skills, it’s often not until they leave home that they learn everyday life skills. Some believe that high schools should offer a common sense course in which students are taught how to pay bills, change a tire or cook. Now, one Kentucky school is offering an “adulting day” to teach such skills to students in their senior year.
A class at Bullitt Central High School in Shepherdsville, Ky., traded in their algebra and literature classes for a day to learn some positive life skills, according to Wave 3 News.
“I think that the idea occurred to me, originally, when I saw a Facebook post that parents passed around saying they needed a class in high school on taxes and cooking, ” Christy Hardin, director of the BCHS Family Resource & Youth Services Center, told Wave 3. “Our kids can get that, but they have to choose it. And “Wednesday” was a day they could pick and choose pieces they didn’t feel like they had gotten so far.”
Members of the community helped provide the lessons for the students one on one, including local police who taught them how to interact with officers during traffic stops, a speaker who explained how to decipher the difference between homesickness and depression, and others who discussed how to use credit cards, how to cook in a dorm room and how to change a tire.
While many people on Facebook applauded the idea, with some arguing, “This should be taught in every high school,” others wondered what became of home economics.
Now known as Family and Consumer Sciences, these courses teach students how to cook, sew and budget, along with other skills. In many districts, however, the classes are electives and students do not always choose to take them.
“About time this came back, it was called Home Economics,” one woman wrote. “In today’s diverse make up of families it would be a welcome addition.”
Another shared, “We had home economics that taught us to cook and learned how to sew. We also had business math that taught us banking and finances. Why in the world is that not taught today? I mean, a special day called adulting to teach kids this stuff? Should be a required class credit.”
24．What can we infer from the first paragraph?
A．High school students are too busy to learn everyday life skills.
B．The schools in other districts have never taught everyday life skills to students.
C．High school students have all mastered technological and learning skills.
D．High school students are lacking in everyday life skills.
25．Why was BCHS brought to the attention of the public?
A．Because it did everything it could to cater to the parents.
B．Because it integrated life skills into its courses.
C．Because it offered parents opportunities to instruct classes.
D．Because it allowed students to decide on their own subjects.
26．The underlined word “decipher” in paragraph 4 probably means “________”.
A．determine B．define C．distinguish D．distribute
27．What are most people’s attitudes towards the courses?
A．Supportive B．Opposed C．Skeptical D．Indifferent
Every fall, like clockwork, Linda Krentz of Beaverton, Oregon, felt her brain go on strike. “I just couldn’t get going in the morning,” she says. “I’d get depressed and gain 10 pounds every winter and lose them again in the spring.” Then she read about seasonal affective disorder, a form of depression that occurs in fall and winter, and she saw the light literally. Every morning now she turns on a specially constructed light box for half an hour and sits in front of it to trick her brain into thinking it’s still enjoying those long summer days. It seems to work.
Krentz is not alone. Scientists estimate that 10 million Americans suffer from seasonal depression and 25 million more develop milder versions. But there’s never been definitive proof that treatment with very bright lights makes a difference. After all, it’s hard to do a double-blind test when the subjects can see for themselves whether or not the light is on. That’s why nobody has ever separated the real effects of light therapy from placebo (安慰剂) effects.
Until now, in three separate studies published last month, researchers report not only that light therapy works better than a placebo but that treatment is usually more effective in the early morning than in the evening. In two of the groups, the placebo problem was resolved by telling patients they were comparing light boxes to a new anti-depressant device that gives off negatively charged ions (离子). The third used the timing of light therapy as the control.
Why does light therapy work? No one really knows. “Our research suggests it has something to do with shifting the body’s internal clock,” says psychiatrist Dr. Lewey. The body is programmed to start the day with sunrise, he explains, and this gets later as the days get shorter. But why such subtle shifts make some people depressed and not others is a mystery.
That hasn’t stopped thousands of winter depressives from trying to heal themselves. Light boxes for that purpose are available without a doctor’s prescription. That bothers psychologist Michael Terman of Columbia University. He is worried that the boxes may be tried by patients who suffer from mental illness that can’t be treated with light. Terman has developed a questionnaire to help determine whether expert care is needed.
In any event, you should choose a reputable manufacturer. Whatever product you use should give off only visible light, because ultraviolet light damages the eyes. If you are photosensitive (对光敏感的), you may develop a rash. Otherwise, the main drawback is having to sit in front of the light for 30 to 60 minutes in the morning. That’s an inconvenience many winter depressives can live with.
28．What is the probable cause of Krentz’s problem?
A．An unexpected gain in body weight.
B．Unexplained impairment of her nervous system.
C．Weakening of her eyesight with the setting in of winter.
D．Poor adjustment of her body clock to seasonal changes.
29．What is the CURRENT view concerning the treatment of seasonal depression with bright lights?
A．There is definitive proof of its effect.
B．It serves as a kind of placebo.
C．It is considered as a relatively effective therapy.
D．It hardly produces any effects.
30．What is psychologist Michael Terman’s major concern?
A．Winter depressives will be addicted to using light boxes.
B．No mental patients would bother to consult psychiatrists.
C．Inferior light boxes will give off harmful ultraviolet lights.
D．Light therapy could be misused by certain mental patients.
31．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Winter depressives prefer light therapy in spite of its inconvenience.
B．Light therapy increases the patient’s photosensitivity.
C．Eye damage is a side effect of light therapy.
D．Light boxes can be programmed to correspond to shifts in the body clock.
Check out our top 5 weather apps for your smart phones, which will keep you one step ahead of nature.
Tornado Warning and Alert AppThis app from the American Red Cross tracks a tornado as it approaches with step-by-step advice about what to do before the storm hits. A siren warning is built into the app and goes off when the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration issues a tornado warning in your area.
The Weather Channel AppThis app includes weekly weather forecasts from more than 200 meteorologists and lets you check what kind of weather lays ahead, complete with storm prediction maps. The Weather Channel App also alerts users to storm warning in the area.
Lightening FinderIf the goal is to get to the storm, rather than avoid it, this app is here to help. The Lightening Finder color — codes the age of the lightening bolt, and estimates a safe distance from which to watch it.
NOAA Weather Radio HDThis app broadcasts radio reports from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and gives you around-the-clock updates on the latest weather warnings, watches, advisories, and forecasts. Push notifications alert you to serious storm warnings in your area even when you are not currently using the application. The app also gives detailed four-day forecasts based on your GPS coordinates, or a chosen location.
Dark SkyStay dry with Dark Sky, which offers weather reports, including minute-by-minute rain forecasts for your exact location. To keep its predictions as accurate as possible, this app forecasts only one hour into the future.
32．If you want to keep track of daily weather changes, you may choose _________.A．Lightening Finder B．The Weather Channel App
C．Tornado Warning and Alert App D．NOAA Weather Radio HD
33．Which of the following is TRUE about Dark Sky?
A．It is especially suitable to predict wet days.
B．It provides more services than the others.
C．It only offers accurate prediction for your area.
D．It keeps you aware of the weather days ahead.
34．The main differences of the five apps lie in _________.
A．user’s phones. B．user’s locations
C．their images D．their functions
Research into social robots has shown that machines that are at the cutting edge of interaction can respond to feelings and emotionally care for the weak, the elderly and children.
Robin was designed as a companion robot to provide emotional support for children receiving medical treatment. Robin explains medical procedures to them, plays games and tells stories, and during treatment distracts them to reduce their sense of pain. The robot uses AI to understand other people’s feelings, remembering facial expressions and conversations to build dialogue for follow-up sessions. In trials at the Wigmore Medical (UK) Pediatric Clinic in Yerevan, Armenia, the team found that Robin led to a 34% decrease in stress and an increase in happiness of 26% in the 120 children who interacted with him at least once.
Healthcare robots could all benefit from displaying emotional intelligence, both recognizing and responding to human emotions, and to some extent, managing them. The problem with this is the fear that human jobs may be lost as robots become better at handling social situations.
Population trends suggest that the demand for robots to work alongside people in care situations will grow over time. By 2050, the number of people aged 65 and over globally will be 1. 6 billion (17%), roughly twice the proportion of what it is today. An extra 3. 5 million care workers will be needed and that will include emotionally intelligent robots.
Today’s simple systems are being trained to meet that demand. This includes a little wheeled robot that can guess how you are feeling from the way you walk, and the robot from the University of Lincoln in the UK-who helps elderly people to stay physically and mentally active.
The impact of social robots on our lives to date has been tiny. But new models are being introduced that could make the breakthrough. Human emotions are difficult to define, but as trust in robots increases, breaking down the psychological barrier becomes easier to imagine.
35．What are social robots uniquely capable of?
A．Playing songs for blind people on their request.
B．Comforting mentally ill teens during treatment.
C．Lifting heavy packages upstairs for weak people.
D．Cooking delicious dishes for the disabled at home.
36．What aspect about Robin is mainly talked about in Paragraph 2?
A．Robin’s practical application.
B．Robin’s success in passing tests.
C．Robin’s popularity in hospitals.
D．Robin’s function to cure diseases.
37．How is Paragraph 4 developed?
A．By giving definition.
B．By making comparison.
C．By analyzing causes.
D．By concluding viewpoints.
38．As for the application of social robots, which of the following will the author agree with?
A．It is already happening throughout UK.
B．It is an unstoppable and beneficial trend.
C．Humans need to work hard to secure jobs.
D．Social Robots can only meet basic human needs.
参考答案：
1．C
2．B
3．A
4．D
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了哮喘的症状、原因、分类以及治疗与预防方法。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“It is a lung disease that affects your airways — the tubes that carry air to and from your lungs. It causes the muscles in these tubes to contract, the tubes themselves to swell and sticky mucus to be produced. (这是一种肺部疾病，会影响你的气道——输送空气进出肺部的管道。它会导致这些管子里的肌肉收缩，管道本身膨胀，产生粘稠的粘液。)”可知，哮喘发作时，气道中的肌肉收缩，因此气道变窄。故选C项。
2．主旨大意题。根据第二段“These can be described as mild asthma attacks; however, they can usually be controlled by medication. A severe asthma attack, on the other hand, where a sufferer finds it very difficult to breathe, may require hospital treatment. How badly you are affected by these symptoms depends on what types of asthma you have—from mild to chronic—and how well you are able to control the disorder. (这些症状可以被描述为轻度哮喘发作；然而，它们通常可以通过药物控制。另一方面，严重的哮喘发作，患者发现呼吸非常困难，可能需要住院治疗。这些症状对你的影响有多严重取决于你患的是哪种类型的哮喘——从轻度到慢性——以及你控制这种疾病的能力。)”可知，第二段主要介绍了哮喘的类型。故选B项。
3．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Additionally, all attacks need a trigger, and if these triggers can be identified and avoided, the likelihood of an attack decreases. Triggers can include: pollution, smoking, dust, animal hair, stress, pollen, exercise and cold air. These triggers are personal to each individual sufferer, so if you have asthma, make sure you know what is causing your attacks. (此外，所有的哮喘发作都需要一个trigger，如果可以识别和避免这些triggers，攻击的可能性就会降低。triggers包括：污染、吸烟、灰尘、动物毛发、压力、花粉、运动和冷空气。这些triggers因人而异，所以如果你有哮喘，一定要知道是什么导致了你的发作)”可知，由污染、吸烟、灰尘、动物毛发、压力、花粉、运动或冷空气导致哮喘发作，因此推断trigger表示“诱因”，与Cause意思相近，故选A项。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“So if you have asthma, remember to keep generally healthy, take regular exercise and lots of vitamin C to avoid colds and flu—which can be dangerous for asthma sufferers. (因此，如果你患有哮喘，记得保持身体健康，定期锻炼，摄入大量维生素C，以避免感冒和流感——这对哮喘患者来说是危险的。)”可知，患有哮喘的人，定期锻炼，而非Excessive exercise(过度运动)，故选D项。
5．C
6．B
7．A
8．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候遇到一个小女孩想把抓到的萤火虫放在罐子里，孩子的妈妈让她把萤火虫放出来，想让萤火虫和世界其他人分享他的光亮，作者通过这个故事告诉我们分享的重要性。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“A few weeks earlier the first fireflies had appeared blinking (眨眼) their lights on and off in the woods around my house. What a joy it was seeing them again. Their little flickers (闪耀) of light made me smile with delight.”（几周前，第一只萤火虫出现在我家周围的树林里，不时闪烁着光亮。再次见到他们真是太高兴了。他们闪烁的微光使我高兴地笑了。）可知，几年前的六月，萤火虫再次出现在作者家周围的树林里，不时闪烁着光亮，这让作者感到高兴，由此可知，几年前的六月，作者感到高兴，因为萤火虫回来了，闪烁着光亮。故选C项。
6．推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“One of the girls went inside and came back with a clear, glass jar. After chasing a few without success she finally caught a firefly inside it.”（其中一个女孩走了进去，拿着一个透明的玻璃罐子回来。在追了几只没成功后，她终于抓到了一只萤火虫放在了里面。）和“One of the girls protested but the Mom explained that the firefly would die if left in the jar.”（其中一个女孩表示抗议，但妈妈解释说，如果把萤火虫留在罐子里，他会死的。）可知，女孩把抓到的萤火虫放在了罐子里，并拒绝把他放出来，由此可知，女孩想把萤火虫放在罐子里。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“One of the girls protested but the Mom explained that the firefly would die if left in the jar. Then she said something that still stays in my heart to this day: “It is time to let this little guy go so he can share his light with the rest of the world!””（其中一个女孩表示抗议，但妈妈解释说，如果把萤火虫留在罐子里，它会死的。然后她说了一句至今仍留在我心中的话：“是时候让这个小家伙走了，这样他就可以和世界其他人分享他的光亮了！”）可知，妈妈让女孩放了萤火虫，因为她不想萤火虫死掉，想让他和世界其他人分享他的光亮，由此可知，妈妈是个关心他人的人。故选A项。
8．推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Don’t hide your light. Don’t keep it in a jar. Share your flickers, no matter how small they may be. Let the love inside you out. Let the glow within you drive the darkness away.”（不要隐藏你的光芒。不要把它放在罐子里。分享你的光芒，无论它们有多小。让爱在你的内心深处。让你内心的光芒赶走黑暗。）可知，最后一段中，作者鼓励我们分享我们的光芒，让我们内心的光芒赶走黑暗，由此可知，作者在最后一段表达了他对分享的态度。故选D项。
9．C
10．A
11．D
12．D
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了美国国家航空航天局(NASA)研发的直升机“机智号 (Ingenuity)”在火星起飞，成为了历史上第一架在另一个星球上进行动力控制飞行的飞机。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Ingenuity is flying in conditions unlike any possible on Earth - the gravity on Mars is only one-third as strong as Earth’s, and the atmosphere is extremely thin, at just one percent the density compared to the Earth. Combined with the extreme cold and a lengthy radio delay, the mission has got a lot that can go wrong. (机智号在地球上不可能存在的条件下飞行——火星上的重力只有地球的三分之一，大气层极其稀薄，密度只有地球的百分之一。再加上极端寒冷和长时间的无线电延迟，这次任务有很多可能出错的地方。)”可知，严寒和无线电不准时使机智号在火星上飞行具有挑战性。故选C项。
10．词句猜测题。划线词句后文“After troubleshooting the issue, NASA developed a fix and beamed a software update to the Red Planet. (在解决了这个问题后，NASA开发了一个修复程序，并向这颗红色星球发送了软件更新。)”说明机智号在火星上飞行时出现了问题，从而推知划线词句“After surviving its first cold night on Mars, Ingenuity was set to take off on April 11, but a software error during a high-speed spin test of its rotors (螺旋桨) on April 9 threw a spanner in the works. (在火星上度过了第一个寒冷的夜晚后，机智号原定于4月11日起飞，但在4月9日对其转子进行高速旋转测试时出现了一个软件错误，threw a spanner in the works。)”其中划线部分意思应为“造成了问题”。故选A项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Now, 117 years after the Wright brothers succeeded in making the first flight on our planet, NASA’s Ingenuity helicopter has left this amazing footprint of success on another world. (现在，在莱特兄弟成功地在我们的星球上进行首次飞行117年之后，美国宇航局的独创性直升机在另一个世界上留下了惊人的成功足迹。)”以及“To show respect for the two bicycle makers from Dayton, this first of many airfields on other worlds will now be known as Wright Brothers Field, in recognition of the ingenuity and creativity that continue to encourage exploration. (为了表达对这两位来自代顿的自行车制造商的尊重，这个其他星球上的第一个机场将被称为莱特兄弟机场，以表彰他们继续鼓励探索的独创性和创造力。)”可知，提到莱特兄弟是为了强调机智号火星之旅的意义。故选D项。
12．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“NASA has made history today, conducting the very first powered flight on another planet. The Mars Helicopter Ingenuity (机智号) successfully took to the Red Planet skies for a brief journey, which will hopefully be the first of several. (美国宇航局今天创造了历史，在另一个星球上进行了第一次动力飞行。机智号火星直升机成功地飞上了红色星球的天空，进行了短暂的旅行，希望这将是几次中的第一次。)”可知，本文主要讲述了机智号火星首飞成功，具有重要的历史意义。选项D符合文章主题，故选D项。
13．B
14．A
15．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个不同的旅游景点和去处。
13．推理判断题。根据Honolulu – Oahu中的“Keep in mind that winter is the island’s high season, so make your reservations early and expect to share the sand with lots of other sun-seeking travelers.(请记住，冬季是岛上的旺季，所以要早点预订，并期待着与许多其他寻求阳光的旅行者分享沙滩。)”和Galápagos Islands中的“Winter in the Galápagos Islands is marked by warm weather and ample opportunities to view wildlife, snorkel and scuba dive. Although this is technically the wet season, the sun shines most days and rain showers are brief. (Galápagos岛的冬天以温暖的天气和充足的机会观赏野生动物，浮潜和水肺潜水而闻名。虽然严格来说这是雨季，但大部分时间阳光明媚，阵雨也很短暂。)”可推知，这两个地方冬天都有温暖的阳光。故选B项。
14．细节理解题。根据Sydney中的“This time of year also features a packed events calendar, with can’t-miss sporting events and celebrations like the KPMG Australia Sail Grand Prix and Sydney’s famed New Year’s Eve fireworks display. Remember to book your tickets early, as this can be a pricey and popular time to visit Australia.(每年的这个时候也有很多活动，不能错过的体育赛事和庆祝活动，如毕马威澳大利亚帆船大奖赛和悉尼著名的新年前夜烟花表演。记得早点订票，因为这段时间去澳大利亚旅游价格昂贵，但很受欢迎。)”可知，如果想去看新年的烟花表演，需要早点订票。故选A项。
15．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Some travelers are itching to escape the season’s bitter weather. If you want to find the locale that best suits your winter vacation, use these ideas to start planning your getaway.(一些旅行者渴望逃离这个季节的恶劣天气。如果你想找到最适合你寒假的地方，用这些想法开始计划你的假期吧。)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了Honolulu – Oahu、Sydney和Galápagos Islands三个旅游景点和去处。由此可知，本文最可能来自于旅行社的网站。故选C项。
16．C
17．A
18．C
19．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Daniel Brush是一位创造奇迹的人，使用古老的工艺来制作物品，他终生研究黄金，一生追求艺术理想。
16．推理判断题。文章第三段讲到“The ancient technique of applying gold beads as fine as sand-grains to a curved gold surface without solder (焊接), was stunning, but so was the lightness of spirit.(在没有焊料的弯曲金表面上涂上细如沙粒的金珠的古老技术令人惊叹，但精神的轻盈也是如此。)”可知Daniel Brush倾向于使用古老的工艺来制作物品，故选C。
17．细节理解题。文章第四段讲到“His chief motivation, he said, was to understand the material and, through that, himself. He wondered why his heart had beaten so fast in the museum that day. Gold in particular had a message for him. His contact with this glorious metal might focus all his attention and help him to hear it.(他说，他的主要动机是了解材料，并通过这些了解自己。他想知道为什么那天他的心脏在博物馆里跳动得如此之快。黄金特别向他传达了一个信息。他与这种光荣金属的接触可能会集中他的所有注意力，帮助他听到它。)”可知他终生研究黄金的主要原因是他想了解更多关于黄金和自己的知识，故选A。
18．推理判断题。文章第二段讲到“For 45 years in that loft, he had pursued his calling (在那间阁楼里45年来，他一直在追寻自己的使命)”以及整篇文章描述他对黄金的研究和投入，可知Daniel Brush非常投入和专注，故选C。
19．细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“For Daniel Brush, he loved the idea that one might take a piece made by Brush out of a pocket, let its beauty pass from mind to mind, and smile. That too was what its maker was after. (对于Daniel Brush来说，他喜欢这样的想法：人们可以从口袋里拿出一件Brush制作的作品，让它的美从脑海中传递到脑海中，然后微笑。这也是它的制造者所追求的。)”可知作者在最后一段中强调的是Brush追求的艺术理想，故选D。
20．A
21．A
22．B
23．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能模型将很快被用在笔记本电脑上即时创建或编辑逼真的三维场景，提出了两个举例，一个是现在，斯坦福大学的Eric Ryan Chan和他的团队创建了一个人工智能模型EG3D，可以生成高质量的人脸和其他物体的随机图像，另一个是Yong Jae Lee和他的团队创建的Giraffe HD，它试图获得可操纵的3D图像特征。
20．推理判断题。根据第二段中“‘It’s among the first 3D models to provide near-realistic images,’ says Chan. ‘On top of that, it generates finely detailed 3D shapes and it’s fast enough to run in real time on a laptop.’(Chan说：“这是首批能提供近乎真实图像的3D模型之一。”“除此之外，它还能生成精细的3D形状，速度快到可以在笔记本电脑上实时运行。”)”可推知，EG3D可以提供逼真的图像。故选A项。
21．主旨大意题。分析第三段内容可知，首句“Chan’s team used features from existing high-quality 2D GANs(generative adversarial network) and added a component that can transform these images for 3D space.(Chan的团队使用了现有的高质量2D生成对抗网络的功能，并添加了一个可以将这些图像转换为3D空间的组件。)”为该段主旨句，以及后文的讲述可知，这一段主要讲述Chan的团队如何创造出EG3D的。故选A项。
22．词义猜测题。根据下文的进一步举例解释“If you’re trying to generate an image of a car, you might want to have control over the type of car(如果您试图生成汽车的图像，您可能需要控制汽车的类型)”以及“It could also potentially let you determine the shape and color, and the background or the scenery in which the car is actually situated.(它还可能让你决定汽车的形状和颜色，以及汽车实际所处的背景或风景。)”可知，此处的“manipulatable”应是与“control over”，“determine”表达含义一致，即指“可控的，可操作的”。故选B项。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, there are still problems to deal with in terms of wider applicability.(然而，在更广泛的适用性方面仍有问题需要解决)”可知，它们在适用性方面还有一些问题要解决，由此可推知它们尚需改进。故选A项。
24．D
25．B
26．C
27．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了肯塔基州的一所高中把生活技能学习融入了课程，这引起了公众的关注。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“While high school students are at the forefront of technological and learning skills, it’s often not until they leave home that they learn everyday life skills.”（虽然高中生处于技术和学习技能的前沿，但他们通常直到离开家才能学习日常生活技能。）可知，高中生直到离开家才能学习日常生活技能，由此可知，从第一段我们可以推断出高中生缺乏日常生活技能。故选D项。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段内容“A class at Bullitt Central High School in Shepherdsville, Ky., traded in their algebra and literature classes for a day to learn some positive life skills, according to Wave 3 News.”（据Wave 3新闻报道，肯塔基州谢泼兹维尔市布利特中央高中的一个班级用一天上代数和文学课的时间去学习一些积极的生活技能。）和第五段内容“While many people on Facebook applauded the idea, with some arguing, “This should be taught in every high school,” others wondered what became of home economics.”（尽管Facebook上的许多人对这一想法表示赞赏，有些人认为，“这应该在每一所高中都教授”，但也有人想知道家政学会变成什么样子。）可知，BCHS把学习生活技能融入了课程，这在Facebook上引起人们的关注和讨论，由此可知，BCHS会引起公众的注意，因为它把生活技能融入了课程。故选B项。
26．词义猜测题。根据画线单词句中“the difference between homesickness and depression”（思乡与抑郁症的区别）可知，演讲者解释的是如何区分思乡与抑郁症的区别，两者的区别是需要进行区分的，“distinguish”意为“区分”，能够表达画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选C项。
27．推理判断题。根据第五段内容“While many people on Facebook applauded the idea, with some arguing, “This should be taught in every high school,” others wondered what became of home economics.”（尽管Facebook上的许多人对这一想法表示赞赏，有些人认为，“这应该在每一所高中都教授”，但也有人想知道家政学会变成什么样子。）可知，大都数人对这一想法表示赞赏，认为这应该在每一所高中都教授，由此可知，大多数人对课程的态度是支持的。故选A项。
28．D
29．C
30．D
31．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述的是由于季节变换所带来的人的情绪上的变化，特别是一些消极的变化，并给出积极的应对措施。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Every fall, like clockwork, Linda Krentz of Beaverton, Oregon, felt her brain go on strike. “I just couldn’t get going in the morning,” she says. “I’d get depressed and gain 10 pounds every winter and lose them again in the spring.” Then she read about seasonal affective disorder, a form of depression that occurs in fall and winter, and she saw the light literally. (每年秋天，像时钟一样，俄勒冈州比弗顿的Linda Krentz都会感到自己的大脑在罢工。“我早上根本没法去上班。” 她说：“我很沮丧，每年冬天体重都会增加10磅，到了春天又会瘦下来。”后来她读到有关季节性情绪障碍的文章，这是一种发生在秋冬季节的抑郁症，她真正看到了光明。)”可知Linda Krentz秋季时会产生季节性情绪障碍，即：她的生物钟无法很好地根据季节的变化而进行调整。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Until now, in three separate studies published last month, researchers report not only that light therapy works better than a placebo but that treatment is usually more effective in the early morning than in the evening.(到目前为止，在上个月发表的三项独立的研究中，研究人员报告说，光疗法不仅比安慰剂效果更好，而且治疗通常在清晨比晚上更有效。)”可知，治疗季节性抑郁症，光疗法比安慰剂要好，目前被认为是相对更有效的疗法。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Light boxes for that purpose are available without a doctor’s prescription. That bothers psychologist Michael Terman of Columbia University. He is worried that the boxes may be tried by patients who suffer from mental illness that can’t be treated with light. (这种灯箱不需要医生的处方就可以买到。这让哥伦比亚大学的心理学家Michael Terman感到困扰。他担心这些盒子可能会被那些无法用光治疗的精神疾病患者使用。)”可知，Michael Terman担心光线疗法可能被某些精神病人误用。故选D。
31．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后两句“Otherwise, the main drawback is having to sit in front of the light for 30 to 60 minutes in the morning. That’s an inconvenience many winter depressives can live with.(除此以外，主要的缺点是早上不得不坐在灯前30到60分钟。这是许多冬季抑郁症患者可以忍受的不便。)”可知，光疗法的主要缺点是早上不得不坐在灯前30到60分钟，但是冬季抑郁症患者可以接受此不便之处，接受光疗。故选A。
32．D
33．A
34．D
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了为智能手机准备的5款天气应用。
32．细节理解题。根据NOAA Weather Radio HD部分“This app broadcasts radio reports from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and gives you around-the-clock updates on the latest weather warnings(这个应用程序播放来自国家海洋和大气管理局的广播报告，并为您提供全天候更新最新天气预告)”可知，如果你想跟踪每天的天气变化，你可以选择NOAA Weather Radio HD。故选D项。
33．细节理解题。根据Dark Sky部分“Stay dry with Dark Sky, which offers weather reports, including minute-by-minute rain forecasts for your exact location. (使用Dark Sky保持干燥，它提供天气报告，包括对你确切位置的每分钟降雨预报)”可知，Dark Sky可以提供你所在位置的每分钟降雨预报，所以“It is especially suitable to predict wet days.(它特别适用于预测雨天)”是正确的说法。故选A项。
34．细节理解题。根据Tornado Warning and Alert App部分“This app from the American Red Cross tracks a tornado (这个来自美国红十字会的应用程序跟踪龙卷风)”、The Weather Channel App部分“lets you check what kind of weather lays ahead, complete with storm prediction maps.(并让你检查未来的天气状况，以及风暴预测地图)”、Lightening Finder部分“If the goal is to get to the storm, rather than avoid it(如果你的目标是到达风暴，而不是避开它，这个应用程序可以帮助你)”、NOAA Weather Radio HD部分“This app broadcasts radio reports from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and gives you around-the-clock updates on the latest weather warnings(这个应用程序播放来自国家海洋和大气管理局的广播报告，并为您提供全天候更新最新天气预告)”和Dark Sky部分“Stay dry with Dark Sky, which offers weather reports, including minute-by-minute rain forecasts for your exact location.(使用Dark Sky保持干燥，它提供天气报告，包括对你确切位置的每分钟降雨预报)”可知，5款天气应用的主要区别是功能不同。故选D项。
35．B
36．A
37．C
38．B
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，以Robin为例，介绍了对社交机器人的研究：处于互动前沿的机器可以对情感做出反应，并在情感上照顾弱者、老人和儿童。作者认为用社交机器人作为看护将会是一个不可阻挡的有益趋势。
35．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Research into social robots has shown that machines that are at the cutting edge of interaction can respond to feelings and emotionally care for the weak, the elderly and children.(对社交机器人的研究表明，处于互动前沿的机器可以对情感做出反应，并在情感上照顾弱者、老人和儿童)”可知，社交机器人可以对情绪作出回应并在情感上关爱弱者、老年人和小孩，这是它的与众不同之处，因此，它能在治疗期间安慰患有精神疾病的青少年。故选B项。
36．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Robin explains medical procedures to them, plays games and tells stories, and during treatment distracts them to reduce their sense of pain. The robot uses AI to understand other people’s feelings, remembering facial expressions and conversations to build dialogue for follow-up sessions.(罗宾向他们解释医疗程序，玩游戏，讲故事，并在治疗期间分散他们的注意力，以减轻他们的痛感。该机器人使用人工智能来理解他人的感受，记住面部表情和对话，为后续会话建立对话)”可知，文章第二段主要介绍了机器人罗宾的实际应用。故选A项。
37．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Population trends suggest that the demand for robots to work alongside people in care situations will grow over time.(人口趋势表明，随着时间的推移，对机器人与护理人员一起工作的需求将会增长)”及“By 2050, the number of people aged 65 and over globally will be 1. 6 billion (17%), roughly twice the proportion of what it is today. An extra 3. 5 million care workers will be needed and that will include emotionally intelligent robots.(到2050年，全球65岁及以上的人口数量将达到16亿(17%)，大约是目前比例的两倍。英国还需要350万名护工，其中包括情商机器人)”可知，本段后文内容对首句描述的现象进行了原因说明，即对机器人与护理人员一起工作的需求将会增长是由于年老人口数的增长；因此，第四段通过分析现象后的原因来说明。故选C项。
38．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“Population trends suggest that the demand for robots to work alongside people in care situations will grow over time.(人口趋势表明，随着时间的推移，对机器人与护理人员一起工作的需求将会增长)”及倒数第二段“Today’s simple systems are being trained to meet that demand.(如今的简单系统正在被训练以满足这一需求)”结合最后一段“Human emotions are difficult to define, but as trust in robots increases, breaking down the psychological barrier becomes easier to imagine.(人类的情感很难定义，但随着对机器人信任的增加，打破心理障碍变得更容易想象)”可知，对于社交机器人的运用，作者认为是不可阻挡的有益趋势。故选B项。
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