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高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists练习题
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists练习题，共18页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一单元测评
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Drone X Pro is a shining star on the drone(无人机) market.Here’s why it’s gone viral.
How does Drone X Pro work?
Start by installing the Drone app to your smartphone(Android or iOS).It takes just minutes.After that,just place the battery in your drone and launch the app.You’re now ready to fly your Drone X Pro!
Why is this drone so special?
The drone is about the size of a large screen smartphone.It’s so small that it fits into any pocket or handbag!
Here’s the best part:flying is extremely easy.There’s no experience required to fly this drone.You can easily control and fly this drone,even if you’ve never flown a drone in your life.Flying the drone is smooth and natural as riding a bike.Our friend’s son came over to the office,and he figured out how to fly the drone in just minutes.You can’t imagine how stable and smooth his controls are!
Once you own this drone,you can enjoy amazing HD pictures of nature,friends,and families.It’s a blast!
How much does it cost?
Now,Drone X Pro sells for $150 each online and two at a discount of 80%.It’s a great deal!If you’re not satisfied,return it and you can get your money back.
Because of the easy use,portability,low price,and small size,it’s absolutely worth it!Just imagine amazing pictures and videos you’ll be taking with your new Drone X Pro.If you’ve never flown a drone before,this is the time to start!
Call now!400-800-7832 or order yours from the official website.
1.What makes Drone X Pro different from the other drones?
A.It isn’t hard to control.
B.It is of high quality.
C.It needs no power to drive.
D.It is unnecessary to install.
2.How does the ad prove flying Drone X Pro easy?
A.By giving a specific example.
B.By sharing some experience.
C.By stating its operating steps.
D.By telling an unforgettable story.
3.How much should you pay to purchase two such drones online?
A.$120. B.$150. C.$240. D.$300.
B
Being blind at birth is tough in any case.But things were even harder for Srikanth Bolla who was born in a small village in India,where the common belief was that kids with disabilities were “of no use” and therefore,better off dead.Fortunately,Srikanth’s parents loved their son and refused to give him up.Instead,they encouraged the blind boy to dream big and reach for the stars.
Srikanth did not disappoint his parents.The now twenty-seven-year-old is the founder and CEO of Bollant Industries.
Of course,getting here was not easy.Being both blind and poor meant that Srikanth had to face hard challenges.As a young boy,Srikanth attended a regular school near his home.Unfortunately,the students and teachers didn’t quite like him because of his disability.As a result,the young boy was largely ignored and often spent the entire day alone.
Concerned this would hold back Srikanth’s development,his family decided to send him to a special school in Hyderabad.Sure enough,the young boy soon rose to the top of his class,winning awards in speech and debate competitions.But Srikanth was prevented from studying sciences when he reached the 10th grade,because it was thought too “dangerous” for a blind student.Not wanting to give up,Srikanth took legal action and became the first blind student in the country allowed to study sciences.
Later,after graduating from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Srikanth set up Bollant Industries in 2012.For just four years,it became a powerhouse with over 450 employees,70% of whom are physically challenged.
Being disabled doesn’t mean being unable.“If the world looks at me and says,‘Srikanth,you can do nothing.’ I will look back at the world and say,‘I can do anything.’” the young man says.
4.Why was Srikanth sent to a special school?
A.His parents became richer than before.
B.He could be treated equally there.
C.This school was free for disabled students.
D.He was sent away by the regular school.
5.What can we know about Srikanth from the text?
A.He was born in a poor village.
B.He cared about disabled people.
C.His parents were strict with him in his study.
D.He was loved by the villagers when he was young.
6.What words can best describe Srikanth?
A.Intelligent and determined.
B.Active and honest.
C.Patient and careful.
D.Kind but stubborn.
7.What can be the best title for the text?
A.Chances Are Everywhere
B.No Challenges,No Success
C.A Big Dream Makes a Difference
D.Disability Doesn’t Mean Being Unable
C
Several years ago,when someone used camera covers to protect against possible monitoring,it was not popular to talk about it.Today,people use various types of tapes to cover the web cameras and microphones.
There are many types of spyware that can dive into our devices and secretly spy on them,recording everything they do.Such programs may infect not only computers but also smartphones.Your data may be used by hackers who will try to request money for not exposing your private information or by companies like NSO Group who created the Pegasus spyware to “provide authorized governments with technology that helps struggle against terror and crime”.
In my opinion,the described protection technique is highly overestimated.Users tape cameras and microphones due to the lack of understanding of how their devices work and how malware(恶意软件) works.Hackers and even secret services do not have enough resources to monitor all victims using cameras or microphones.If they need to get any information,they get it by sending a targeted malware to your device,which will not be stopped by the tapes.Such a virus will find what to steal—from personal photos and videos to passwords from social networks,browser history,bank accounts and much more.
It is unwise to believe that attackers will not be able to find a way to spy on you,even if the device,discharged to zero,can still deliver data about your location,using the smartphones of the surrounding people as signal repeaters.Let us face it:we live in an era when it is extremely difficult to hide something and a piece of tape is clearly not the most useful tool in the struggle for your privacy.
Again,to be able to spy on you,attackers need to plant malware in your device.To prevent malware from entering your device,do not click suspected links and email attachments.Use strong passwords for email,social media and online banking accounts.
8.What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A.Cameras. B.Types.
C.Programs. D.Devices.
9.What is NSO Group?
A.A group of hackers.
B.A company developing spyware.
C.A group of terrorists and criminals.
D.A company fighting against crime.
10.Why does the author think “the described protection technique is highly overestimated”?
A.People know little about their devices.
B.Hackers have no access to others.
C.It hardly prevents malware from getting privacy.
D.It can’t cover the cameras completely.
11.What is the text mainly about?
A.Protecting privacy on devices.
B.Rising trend of using tapes.
C.Monitoring devices via cameras.
D.Avoiding clicking distrustful links.
D
Which is better for Earth:an electric or gas-powered vehicle?The answer to this question might seem blindingly obvious:Of course electric cars must be better for the environment,because they don’t give off greenhouse gases as people drive.However,electric vehicles(EVs) aren’t perfect,and they come with their own set of polluting problems.Their batteries require a large amount of energy to produce.
Battery production is just one part of an electric car’s life span.A study looked at the entire life cycle of an EV’s emissions(排放),from mining the metals for the batteries to producing the electricity needed to power them,and then compared this with the average emissions of a gas-powered vehicle.The team found that when EVs are charged with coal-powered electricity,they’re actually worse for the environment than gas-powered cars.
“Only when connected to the dirtiest,coal-heavy electric grids(电网) do gas-powered cars become comparable to EVs on a greenhouse gas basis,” said Colin Sheppard,an expert in energy and transportation systems.That’s why more and more countries are decreasing the power supply from coal.In China,the national grid is improving with more investments in renewable energy.For example,it has twice as much wind energy capacity as the U.S.and it builds more solar panels per year than any other countries.
Sheppard modelled a future in which all cars were electric.“We wanted to understand what it might be like if all passenger vehicles are electrified.” For example,Sheppard calculated that if all vehicles in the U.S.were electric,it would reduce greenhouse-gas emissions by 46% every year.This reduction could be increased even further if those vehicles were using a technique known as“smart charging” in which cars are recharged at chosen times(often at night) to reduce the cost of electricity.
In short,it’s far easier to argue in favor of buying an EV than a gas-powered vehicle.But what about the cost?Aren’t electric vehicles too expensive for most people?
12.In which case do EVs get more heavy-polluted than gas-powered cars?
A.Being powered only by batteries.
B.Consuming coal-powered electricity.
C.Starting to give off greenhouse gases.
D.Replacing gas-powered vehicles entirely.
13.What is greatly promoted in China now according to the text?
A.Renewable energy.
B.Electric vehicles.
C.Coal-powered supply.
D.Public transport.
14.How does Sheppard model the future of EVs?
A.With a discussion. B.With an examination.
C.With a calculation. D.With a questionaire.
15.What might the paragraph following the passage be about?
A.Inventing green gas-powered vehicles.
B.Developing environment-friendly grids.
C.Making electric vehicles more affordable.
D.Getting rid of fossil energy like coal and oil.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Succeed in Science
To succeed in science,you need a lot more than luck.In my view,you have to combine intelligence with a willingness not to follow conventions when they block your forward path.Thus,these have come to be my rules for success.
16
That might sound proud,but the fact is that you must always turn to people who are brighter than you.It’s like playing any game.Even as a child,I never wanted to play games with anyone who was as bad as I was.If you win,it gives you no pleasure.And in the game of science or life,the highest goal isn’t simply to win;it’s to win at something really difficult. 17
Take risks.
To make a huge success,a scientist has to be prepared to get into deep trouble.If you are going to make a huge jump in science,you will very likely be unqualified to succeed by definition. 18 This can be more than personally upsetting.
Never do anything that bores you.
My experience in science is that someone is always telling you to do things,and then leaves you alone.I’m not good enough to do well in something I dislike. 19
It’s very hard to succeed if you don’t want to be with other scientists,because you have to go to key meetings where you spot key facts that would have escaped you.And you have to chat with your competitors,even if you find them objectionable.
So my final rule is: 20
A.Meet challenges with great courage.
B.If you can’t stand being with your real peers,get out of science.
C.Put it another way,it’s to go somewhere beyond your ability and come out on top.
D.Make sure you always have someone to save you from a deep mess.
E.Avoid foolish people.
F.In fact,I find it hard to do well in something I like.
G.Besides,you even have to be prepared to disbelieve your scientific heroes.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
She is over a century old,but she hasn’t let that stop her from working.At 102,Romay Davis 21 drives herself to the grocery store each day for 22 .
Now,during Black History Month,Davis is being honored for her 23 with a grant(拨款) named after her.Through the Romay Davis Grant Program,charities will receive 24 in the fight for racial equality and social 25 .Davis is 26 of the grant in her name as she is a pioneer herself.She served in the first all-Black Women Army 27 overseas during World War Ⅱ.Then after the war,she started her 28 in fashion as a designer in model in New York for 30 years.
Throughout her life,she’s also 29 other milestones including a master’s degree,Black Belt in Taekwondo(跆拳道)and more.She 30 for the first time in 1982.After her husband died in 2001,she 31 to go back to work and was 32 by the grocery store in Winn-Dixiein 2001 at the age of 82.In 2019,Romay 33 her 100th birthday.“As we celebrate Ms Romay,we are all moved by her life-long 34 and strong work ethic(职业道德),which 35 others to be their best,” said Anthony Hucker,CEO of Winn-Dixie,Southeastern Grocers.
21.A.often B.still
C.skillfully D.yet
22.A.work B.shopping
C.pleasure D.fun
23.A.jobs B.ages
C.stores D.contributions
24.A.criticism B.support
C.benefit D.information
25.A.justice B.skill
C.life D.development
26.A.fond B.aware
C.worthy D.sure
27.A.required B.rooted
C.organized D.stationed
28.A.style B.career
C.study D.adventure
29.A.missed B.found
C.planned D.achieved
30.A.fought B.pursued
C.retired D.failed
31.A.refused B.feared
C.mentioned D.decided
32.A.hired B.met
C.paid D.offered
33.A.celebrated B.passed
C.interviewed D.employed
34.A.sympathy B.independence
C.devotion D.dream
35.A.reminds B.inspires
C.advises D.leads
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Robotics is a complex field.But brothers Sanjay and Arvind Seshan found an early passion for it.In 2014,they started a mission to make 36. easier for others to learn robotics by creating a website,37. they teach people to code.
The story started when they were looking for materials for learning how to program,and they 38.(realize) that there was not really anything good online.Then they came up 39. an idea of creating a brief set of lessons from which kids and adults can learn 40.(easy) to program.
The website started with basic lessons on robotics and coding.But now the lessons can support kids who 41. (involve) with robotics for years and who want to learn something new.The brothers thought that one of the reasons why kids liked it 42. (be) that they were being taught by other kids.
The brothers understand that robotics takes 43. (patient) and lots of time.They recall a project 44. (call) Pix3l Plott3r,a robot that would print people’s pictures.It took them two years to get a fully working model,and they made six or more versions.The Seshan brothers’ advice is never 45. (give) up if something does not work the first time and to try different ways of solving the problem.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
China Daily发起了一场“要不要在城市中推广使用电动车”的讨论。假如你叫李华,请你向该报投稿,阐述你的观点。
注意:词数80左右。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Dad,”whispered Tarig,“Are you awake?”Dad opened his eyes.“What’s the matter,son?”Tarig couldn’t sleep and he felt that it was too hot.Maybe there’s a storm coming.All day long he felt like something was about to happen.Dad whispered back to his son,“You could be right.Go back to bed.There’s a good boy.”
Tarig shook his head.“I’m going downstairs where it’s cooler.Why don’t you come with me?” Dad refused,saying that he would stay there.Tarig went down the landing.He and his father were alone in the house.His mother and sister had gone to visit relatives.He went into the kitchen and lay on the floor.He felt cooler and fell asleep at last.
Suddenly he awoke with a shock.In the distance he could hear a roar,like thunder.It seemed to be coming closer and closer.The storm must have arrived,just as they expected.But this was no ordinary storm.Within seconds the whole house began to shake.The vase fell off the shelves with a crash.Tarig could feel the floor moving beneath him.What on earth was happening?He jumped to his feet and tried to turn on the light.It didn’t work.He reached the back door,but just then came aloud cracking noise.Next moment a pile of bricks came down around him.A terrible choking(窒息的) smell filled the air.
At last the dust cleared.Tarig was amazed to find that he was still alive.The framework of the doorway must have saved him.He called out,“Dad?Dad,are you all right?”
No answer.But he heard a rescue dog barking.He struggled to know what was going on outside,but he couldn’t move.Maybe someone was approaching here.“Are they my family?Or my relatives?”
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Without any more thought,Tarig determined to call for help. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tarig asked where his dad was but nobody replied. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第一单元测评
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了无人机X Pro是无人机市场上的一颗闪亮之星以及它如此受欢迎的原因。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“You can easily control and fly this drone,even if you’ve never flown a drone in your life.”可知,你可以很容易地控制和驾驶这架无人机,即使你从未驾驶过无人机。由此可知,不难控制是无人机X Pro不同于其他无人机的地方。故选A项。B项“质量很好”在文中没有被提到;根据第二段第一句和第三句首先把无人机应用程序安装到你的智能手机,之后再把电池放在无人机里并启动应用程序可知,C项、D项不正确。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第四段第五句“Our friend’s son came over to the office,and he figured out how to fly the drone in just minutes.”可知,我们朋友的儿子来到办公室,他在几分钟内就弄明白如何驾驶无人机。由此可推断,该广告通过例子证明驾驶无人机容易操作。故选A项。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“Now,Drone X Pro sells for $150 each online and two at a discount of 80%.”可知,现在Drone X Pro在线售价是一架150美元,两架的折扣为80%。因此两架无人机是240美元。故选C项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。Srikanth Bolla出生在印度一个村庄,他生下来就是盲人,虽然那里的人都认为残疾人没用,但是他的父母没有放弃他,反而努力培养他,最终他于2012年成立了以残疾人为主的Bollant Industries。
4.B 推理判断题。由第三段的最后两句“Unfortunately,the students...the entire day alone.”和第四段第一句“Concerned this would hold back...in Hyderabad.”可知,在普通学校,老师和学生不喜欢Srikanth,父母担心这会影响Srikanth的成长,决定把他送到特殊学校。由此可推知,在特殊学校,Srikanth Bolla可以得到公平的对待。A、C、D三个选项相关信息文中并未提及。故选B项。
5.B 推理判断题。由第五段第二句“For just four years,it became a powerhouse with over 450 employees,70% of whom are physically challenged.”可推知,Srikanth Bolla是关心残疾人的。根据第一段中的“who was born in a small village”可知他出生在一个小村庄,但文中并未提到那个村庄是否贫穷,故排除A项;文中未提他父母对他是否严厉,故排除C项;文中未提及他年轻时受村民喜爱,因此D项可排除。故选B项。
6.A 推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Sure enough,the young boy soon rose to the top of his class,winning awards in speech and debate competitions.”可知,Srikanth Bolla是很聪明的(intelligent)。根据第四段最后一句“Not wanting to give up,Srikanth took legal action and became the first blind student in the country allowed to study sciences.”可知,Srikanth Bolla不被允许上科学课。他不想放弃,于是运用法律手段成了他们国家第一个上科学课的盲人学生,所以Srikanth Bolla是意志坚定的(determined)。B项“积极和正直的”、C项“耐心和谨慎的”和D项“和善但顽固的”都不符合文章对Srikanth Bolla的描述。故选A项。
7.D 标题归纳题。文章一开始讲述Srikanth Bolla出生地的人认为残疾就是无用的,文章中间段落讲述他父母对他的培养以及他自己的努力,最终没有让父母失望,还成立了自己的公司。所以本文主要讲“残疾并不意味着无能”,而不是A项的“机会到处都有”和B项的“没有挑战就没有成功”,C项“大梦想起作用”脱离了Srikanth Bolla的特殊性。故选D项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是如何保护我们设备上的隐私。为防止恶意软件进入你的设备,请不要点击可疑的链接和电子邮件附件。在电子邮件、社交媒体和网上银行账户上使用强密码。
8.D 词义猜测题。由第二段首句“There are many types of spyware that can dive into our devices and secretly spy on them,recording everything they do.”可知,有许多类型的间谍软件可以潜入我们的设备并秘密监视他们,记录他们所做的一切。由此可知,画线词them指代的是前面提到的devices,因此D项正确。
9.B 推理判断题。由第二段中的“by companies like NSO Group who created the Pegasus spyware to ‘provide authorized governments with technology that helps struggle against terror and crime’”可知,这些公司“提供有助于打击恐怖主义和非法的科技给所授权的政府”,由此推断,NSO Group是研发间谍软件的公司,故选B项。
10.C 推理判断题。由第三段中的“If they need to get any information,they get it by sending a targeted malware to your device...to passwords from social networks,browser history,bank accounts and much more.”可推断,这种保护技术很难阻止恶意软件获取隐私,故选C项。
11.A 主旨大意题。第一段提出人们如何保护个人信息,第二段讲述盗取个人信息的间谍软件;第三段作者认为我们高估了这种保护科技;第四段提到一根胶带显然不是保护你隐私的最有效工具;最后一段就保护隐私给出了建议。因此可推断,本文讲述的是保护设备上的隐私,故选A项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了电动汽车和燃油汽车哪个更环保。
12.B 细节理解题。由第二段中的“The team found that when EVs are charged with coal-powered electricity,they’re actually worse for the environment than gas-powered cars.”可知,当电动汽车消耗的是以煤为燃料的电能时,对环境造成的污染比燃油汽车更严重。
13.A 细节理解题。由第三段中的“In China,the national grid is improving with more investments in renewable energy.”可知,中国电网正在加大对可再生能源的投资。
14.C 推理判断题。由第四段中的“Sheppard modelled a future in which all cars were electric...For example,Sheppard calculated that if all vehicles in the U.S.were electric”可知,Sheppard 建立了一种推测电动汽车未来的模型:如果所有人都用电动汽车,将会产生什么样的结果。
15.C 推理判断题。由第五段中的“Aren’t electric vehicles too expensive for most people?”可知,最后提出的问题是“电动汽车对大多数人来说是不是太贵了?” 所以接下来作者应是继续谈论“如何让电动汽车更实惠”。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在科学上取得成功。
16.E 根据空后的内容可知,作者认为只有和比自己聪明的人在一起才能学到东西,所以本段建议避免和愚蠢的人在一起。故选E项。
17.C 根据设空处前一句话可知,作者认为在科学或生活的游戏中,最高的目标不仅仅是获胜,而是做成一些非常困难的事情。换句话说,最高目标是去超出自己能力范围的领域并名列前茅。C选项是对前一句话的进一步解释。
18.G 根据设空处前文可知,作者认为如果想取得巨大成功,科学家必须准备好陷入很深的困境中。如果你要在科学上有一个巨大的飞跃,你很可能没有资格获得成功。此外,甚至也要准备好怀疑你心中的科学英雄,也就是要勇于质疑权威。故G选项符合语境。
19.F 根据设空处前一句话中的“do well in something I dislike”可知,在科学研究中,对于自己不喜欢的事情作者做不好,但对于自己喜欢的事情作者也不一定能做好。故选F项。
20.B 根据前一段的内容可知,作者建议要和其他科学家交流,从而发现自己忽略的关键事实。甚至要和你的竞争对手交流,即使你觉得他们令人反感。因此本段建议如果你无法忍受与你真正相匹敌的人一起工作,你就不要进行科学研究了。故选B项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。Romay Davis在102岁时依然能自己开车去工作,她的一生一直在奋斗中。本文详细叙述了Romay Davis的个人经历及其所取得的成就。她毕生的奉献精神和强烈的职业道德激励着人们前行。
21.B 根据上文“but she hasn’t let that stop her from working”可知,102岁的Romay Davis仍然每天自己开车去杂货店工作,因此选B项,意为“仍然”。skillfully“熟练地”;yet“但是”。
22.A 根据上文“but she hasn’t let that stop her from working”以及下文“go back to work and was by the grocery store in Winn-Dixiein 2001 at the age of 82”可知,102岁的Romay Davis仍然每天自己开车去杂货店工作。故选A项。shopping“购物”;pleasure“快乐”;fun“乐趣”。均不符合题意。
23.D 根据“Davis is being honored for her...”以及“she is a pioneer herself”可知,Davis因她的贡献而受到表彰。故选D项。contribution“贡献”。这句话的意思是:现在,在黑人历史月,Davis因她的贡献而受到表彰,一项拨款以她的名字命名。
24.B 这里的意思是,通过Romay Davis赠款计划,慈善机构将在争取种族平等和社会正义的斗争中获得支持。criticism“批评”;support“支持”;benefit“益处”;information“信息”,故选B项。
25.A 根据racial equality可知,慈善机构将在争取种族平等和社会正义的斗争中获得支持。justice“公平”;skill“技能”;development“发展”,故选A项。
26.C 根据“as she is a pioneer herself”可知,Davis 名副其实。fond“喜欢的”;aware“有意识的”;worthy“值得的”;sure“确定的”,故选C项。
27.D 根据“overseas during World War Ⅱ”可知,她在第一支驻扎于海外的全黑人女兵部队服役。require“要求”;root“植根于”;organize“组织”;station“使驻扎”,故选D项。
28.B 根据“as a designer in model in New York for 30 years”可知,她开始了自己的时尚生涯。style“风格”;career“职业”;study“学习”;adventure“冒险”。句意:战后,她开始了自己的时尚生涯,在纽约当了30年的模特设计师。故选B项。
29.D 根据“including a master’s degree,Black Belt in Taekwondo(跆拳道) and more”可知,在她的一生中,她还取得了其他里程碑式的成就。miss“错过”;achieve“完成,获得”。句意:在她的一生中,她还取得了其他里程碑式的成就,包括硕士学位、跆拳道黑带等。故选D项。
30.C 根据下文“go back to work”可知,她在1982年第一次退休。fight“打仗”;pursue“追求”;retire“退休”;fail“失败”。故选C项。
31.D 根据上文“After her husband died in 2001”可知,2001年丈夫去世后,她决定重返工作岗位。refuse“拒绝”;fear“害怕”;mention“提及”;decide“决定”。故选D项。
32.A 根据上文“go back to work”可知,她于2001年在82岁时受雇于Winn-Dixiein的一家杂货店。hire“雇佣”;pay“支付”;offer“提供”。故选A项。
33.A 根据下文celebrate可知,Romay Davis庆祝了她的100岁生日。celebrate“庆祝”;pass“通过”;interview“面试”;employ“雇用”。故选A项。
34.C 根据下文strong work ethic(职业道德)以及上文contributions可知,我们都被她毕生的奉献精神和强烈的职业道德所感动。sympathy“同情”;independence“独立”;devotion“热爱”;dream“梦想”。故选C项。
35.B 根据上文“we are all moved”可知,这句话的意思是:我们都被她毕生的奉献精神和强烈的职业道德所感动,她激励其他人做到最好。remind“提醒”;inspire“鼓励”;advise“建议”;lead“引导”,故选B项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。两兄弟为帮助他人学习编程,创建了一个网站提供教学课程,帮助人们更容易地学习机器人技术。
36.it 分析句子结构可知,空格处应使用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语to learn robotics,故填it。
37.where 分析句子成分可知,空格处是非限制性定语从句,先行词是website,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填关系词副词where。
38.realized 分析句子结构可知,空格前后是两个and连接的并列句,前后两句应保持时态一致,根据前面“The story started”这一信息可知,此处也应使用一般过去时,故填realized。
39.with 此处句意为“他们想出了一个主意”,come up with是固定短语,意为“提出”,故填介词with。
40.easily 分析句子成分可知,空格处应使用副词作状语,修饰动词learn,故填easily。
41.have been involved 空格处为定语从句的谓语部分,从句主语who指代先行词kids,与谓语动词involve之间是被动关系;根据时间状语for years可知,此处使用现在完成时的被动语态,故填have been involved。
42.was 句子的主语“one of the reasons”为单数意义,be动词也应使用单数,又因此处为一般过去时态,故填was。
43.patience 分析句子结构可知,空格处应使用名词作宾语,patience是不可数名词,故填patience。
44.called 由句子结构可知,空格处为过去分词作后置定语,逻辑主语project和动词call之间是被动关系,故填called。
45.to give 分析句子成分可知,空格处应使用动词不定式作表语,与本句后面的to try并列,故填to give。
第一节
Dear editor,
I saw that your newspaper launched a discussion about whether e-bikes should be promoted in the city.I’d like to share some of my opinions about this discussion.
I think e-bikes should be promoted in cities.On the one hand,e-bikes can save energy and protect the environment.On the other hand,they can provide convenience for people to travel and reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents.
These are my views and I am sincerely looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
Without any more thought,Tarig determined to call for help.“Help!Help!I’m here!Help!” Then came a burst of footsteps and noise,nearer and nearer.The dog barked more fiercely,and somebody called out,“Here!Someone is alive!” Later,someone began to dig the ruins,which buried Tarig entirely.Gradually,a large thread of torch light came to Tarig’s eyes.Tarig saw the worried but excited people around him.He knew he was saved then.
Tarig asked where his dad was but nobody replied.Tarig pointed to the right spot and told them his dad was sleeping there.And immediately the dog was ordered to search for anyone alive.A few minutes later,surprising shouts passed along,“Dad is here!Here!” They cried.When his dad was carried to him,Tarig could hardly recognize him,for his dad was covered with mud all over the body.Tarig ran to hug his dad firmly for a long time.The excitement of coming back to life was beyond words.
第一单元测评
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Drone X Pro is a shining star on the drone(无人机) market.Here’s why it’s gone viral.
How does Drone X Pro work?
Start by installing the Drone app to your smartphone(Android or iOS).It takes just minutes.After that,just place the battery in your drone and launch the app.You’re now ready to fly your Drone X Pro!
Why is this drone so special?
The drone is about the size of a large screen smartphone.It’s so small that it fits into any pocket or handbag!
Here’s the best part:flying is extremely easy.There’s no experience required to fly this drone.You can easily control and fly this drone,even if you’ve never flown a drone in your life.Flying the drone is smooth and natural as riding a bike.Our friend’s son came over to the office,and he figured out how to fly the drone in just minutes.You can’t imagine how stable and smooth his controls are!
Once you own this drone,you can enjoy amazing HD pictures of nature,friends,and families.It’s a blast!
How much does it cost?
Now,Drone X Pro sells for $150 each online and two at a discount of 80%.It’s a great deal!If you’re not satisfied,return it and you can get your money back.
Because of the easy use,portability,low price,and small size,it’s absolutely worth it!Just imagine amazing pictures and videos you’ll be taking with your new Drone X Pro.If you’ve never flown a drone before,this is the time to start!
Call now!400-800-7832 or order yours from the official website.
1.What makes Drone X Pro different from the other drones?
A.It isn’t hard to control.
B.It is of high quality.
C.It needs no power to drive.
D.It is unnecessary to install.
2.How does the ad prove flying Drone X Pro easy?
A.By giving a specific example.
B.By sharing some experience.
C.By stating its operating steps.
D.By telling an unforgettable story.
3.How much should you pay to purchase two such drones online?
A.$120. B.$150. C.$240. D.$300.
B
Being blind at birth is tough in any case.But things were even harder for Srikanth Bolla who was born in a small village in India,where the common belief was that kids with disabilities were “of no use” and therefore,better off dead.Fortunately,Srikanth’s parents loved their son and refused to give him up.Instead,they encouraged the blind boy to dream big and reach for the stars.
Srikanth did not disappoint his parents.The now twenty-seven-year-old is the founder and CEO of Bollant Industries.
Of course,getting here was not easy.Being both blind and poor meant that Srikanth had to face hard challenges.As a young boy,Srikanth attended a regular school near his home.Unfortunately,the students and teachers didn’t quite like him because of his disability.As a result,the young boy was largely ignored and often spent the entire day alone.
Concerned this would hold back Srikanth’s development,his family decided to send him to a special school in Hyderabad.Sure enough,the young boy soon rose to the top of his class,winning awards in speech and debate competitions.But Srikanth was prevented from studying sciences when he reached the 10th grade,because it was thought too “dangerous” for a blind student.Not wanting to give up,Srikanth took legal action and became the first blind student in the country allowed to study sciences.
Later,after graduating from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Srikanth set up Bollant Industries in 2012.For just four years,it became a powerhouse with over 450 employees,70% of whom are physically challenged.
Being disabled doesn’t mean being unable.“If the world looks at me and says,‘Srikanth,you can do nothing.’ I will look back at the world and say,‘I can do anything.’” the young man says.
4.Why was Srikanth sent to a special school?
A.His parents became richer than before.
B.He could be treated equally there.
C.This school was free for disabled students.
D.He was sent away by the regular school.
5.What can we know about Srikanth from the text?
A.He was born in a poor village.
B.He cared about disabled people.
C.His parents were strict with him in his study.
D.He was loved by the villagers when he was young.
6.What words can best describe Srikanth?
A.Intelligent and determined.
B.Active and honest.
C.Patient and careful.
D.Kind but stubborn.
7.What can be the best title for the text?
A.Chances Are Everywhere
B.No Challenges,No Success
C.A Big Dream Makes a Difference
D.Disability Doesn’t Mean Being Unable
C
Several years ago,when someone used camera covers to protect against possible monitoring,it was not popular to talk about it.Today,people use various types of tapes to cover the web cameras and microphones.
There are many types of spyware that can dive into our devices and secretly spy on them,recording everything they do.Such programs may infect not only computers but also smartphones.Your data may be used by hackers who will try to request money for not exposing your private information or by companies like NSO Group who created the Pegasus spyware to “provide authorized governments with technology that helps struggle against terror and crime”.
In my opinion,the described protection technique is highly overestimated.Users tape cameras and microphones due to the lack of understanding of how their devices work and how malware(恶意软件) works.Hackers and even secret services do not have enough resources to monitor all victims using cameras or microphones.If they need to get any information,they get it by sending a targeted malware to your device,which will not be stopped by the tapes.Such a virus will find what to steal—from personal photos and videos to passwords from social networks,browser history,bank accounts and much more.
It is unwise to believe that attackers will not be able to find a way to spy on you,even if the device,discharged to zero,can still deliver data about your location,using the smartphones of the surrounding people as signal repeaters.Let us face it:we live in an era when it is extremely difficult to hide something and a piece of tape is clearly not the most useful tool in the struggle for your privacy.
Again,to be able to spy on you,attackers need to plant malware in your device.To prevent malware from entering your device,do not click suspected links and email attachments.Use strong passwords for email,social media and online banking accounts.
8.What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A.Cameras. B.Types.
C.Programs. D.Devices.
9.What is NSO Group?
A.A group of hackers.
B.A company developing spyware.
C.A group of terrorists and criminals.
D.A company fighting against crime.
10.Why does the author think “the described protection technique is highly overestimated”?
A.People know little about their devices.
B.Hackers have no access to others.
C.It hardly prevents malware from getting privacy.
D.It can’t cover the cameras completely.
11.What is the text mainly about?
A.Protecting privacy on devices.
B.Rising trend of using tapes.
C.Monitoring devices via cameras.
D.Avoiding clicking distrustful links.
D
Which is better for Earth:an electric or gas-powered vehicle?The answer to this question might seem blindingly obvious:Of course electric cars must be better for the environment,because they don’t give off greenhouse gases as people drive.However,electric vehicles(EVs) aren’t perfect,and they come with their own set of polluting problems.Their batteries require a large amount of energy to produce.
Battery production is just one part of an electric car’s life span.A study looked at the entire life cycle of an EV’s emissions(排放),from mining the metals for the batteries to producing the electricity needed to power them,and then compared this with the average emissions of a gas-powered vehicle.The team found that when EVs are charged with coal-powered electricity,they’re actually worse for the environment than gas-powered cars.
“Only when connected to the dirtiest,coal-heavy electric grids(电网) do gas-powered cars become comparable to EVs on a greenhouse gas basis,” said Colin Sheppard,an expert in energy and transportation systems.That’s why more and more countries are decreasing the power supply from coal.In China,the national grid is improving with more investments in renewable energy.For example,it has twice as much wind energy capacity as the U.S.and it builds more solar panels per year than any other countries.
Sheppard modelled a future in which all cars were electric.“We wanted to understand what it might be like if all passenger vehicles are electrified.” For example,Sheppard calculated that if all vehicles in the U.S.were electric,it would reduce greenhouse-gas emissions by 46% every year.This reduction could be increased even further if those vehicles were using a technique known as“smart charging” in which cars are recharged at chosen times(often at night) to reduce the cost of electricity.
In short,it’s far easier to argue in favor of buying an EV than a gas-powered vehicle.But what about the cost?Aren’t electric vehicles too expensive for most people?
12.In which case do EVs get more heavy-polluted than gas-powered cars?
A.Being powered only by batteries.
B.Consuming coal-powered electricity.
C.Starting to give off greenhouse gases.
D.Replacing gas-powered vehicles entirely.
13.What is greatly promoted in China now according to the text?
A.Renewable energy.
B.Electric vehicles.
C.Coal-powered supply.
D.Public transport.
14.How does Sheppard model the future of EVs?
A.With a discussion. B.With an examination.
C.With a calculation. D.With a questionaire.
15.What might the paragraph following the passage be about?
A.Inventing green gas-powered vehicles.
B.Developing environment-friendly grids.
C.Making electric vehicles more affordable.
D.Getting rid of fossil energy like coal and oil.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Succeed in Science
To succeed in science,you need a lot more than luck.In my view,you have to combine intelligence with a willingness not to follow conventions when they block your forward path.Thus,these have come to be my rules for success.
16
That might sound proud,but the fact is that you must always turn to people who are brighter than you.It’s like playing any game.Even as a child,I never wanted to play games with anyone who was as bad as I was.If you win,it gives you no pleasure.And in the game of science or life,the highest goal isn’t simply to win;it’s to win at something really difficult. 17
Take risks.
To make a huge success,a scientist has to be prepared to get into deep trouble.If you are going to make a huge jump in science,you will very likely be unqualified to succeed by definition. 18 This can be more than personally upsetting.
Never do anything that bores you.
My experience in science is that someone is always telling you to do things,and then leaves you alone.I’m not good enough to do well in something I dislike. 19
It’s very hard to succeed if you don’t want to be with other scientists,because you have to go to key meetings where you spot key facts that would have escaped you.And you have to chat with your competitors,even if you find them objectionable.
So my final rule is: 20
A.Meet challenges with great courage.
B.If you can’t stand being with your real peers,get out of science.
C.Put it another way,it’s to go somewhere beyond your ability and come out on top.
D.Make sure you always have someone to save you from a deep mess.
E.Avoid foolish people.
F.In fact,I find it hard to do well in something I like.
G.Besides,you even have to be prepared to disbelieve your scientific heroes.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
She is over a century old,but she hasn’t let that stop her from working.At 102,Romay Davis 21 drives herself to the grocery store each day for 22 .
Now,during Black History Month,Davis is being honored for her 23 with a grant(拨款) named after her.Through the Romay Davis Grant Program,charities will receive 24 in the fight for racial equality and social 25 .Davis is 26 of the grant in her name as she is a pioneer herself.She served in the first all-Black Women Army 27 overseas during World War Ⅱ.Then after the war,she started her 28 in fashion as a designer in model in New York for 30 years.
Throughout her life,she’s also 29 other milestones including a master’s degree,Black Belt in Taekwondo(跆拳道)and more.She 30 for the first time in 1982.After her husband died in 2001,she 31 to go back to work and was 32 by the grocery store in Winn-Dixiein 2001 at the age of 82.In 2019,Romay 33 her 100th birthday.“As we celebrate Ms Romay,we are all moved by her life-long 34 and strong work ethic(职业道德),which 35 others to be their best,” said Anthony Hucker,CEO of Winn-Dixie,Southeastern Grocers.
21.A.often B.still
C.skillfully D.yet
22.A.work B.shopping
C.pleasure D.fun
23.A.jobs B.ages
C.stores D.contributions
24.A.criticism B.support
C.benefit D.information
25.A.justice B.skill
C.life D.development
26.A.fond B.aware
C.worthy D.sure
27.A.required B.rooted
C.organized D.stationed
28.A.style B.career
C.study D.adventure
29.A.missed B.found
C.planned D.achieved
30.A.fought B.pursued
C.retired D.failed
31.A.refused B.feared
C.mentioned D.decided
32.A.hired B.met
C.paid D.offered
33.A.celebrated B.passed
C.interviewed D.employed
34.A.sympathy B.independence
C.devotion D.dream
35.A.reminds B.inspires
C.advises D.leads
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Robotics is a complex field.But brothers Sanjay and Arvind Seshan found an early passion for it.In 2014,they started a mission to make 36. easier for others to learn robotics by creating a website,37. they teach people to code.
The story started when they were looking for materials for learning how to program,and they 38.(realize) that there was not really anything good online.Then they came up 39. an idea of creating a brief set of lessons from which kids and adults can learn 40.(easy) to program.
The website started with basic lessons on robotics and coding.But now the lessons can support kids who 41. (involve) with robotics for years and who want to learn something new.The brothers thought that one of the reasons why kids liked it 42. (be) that they were being taught by other kids.
The brothers understand that robotics takes 43. (patient) and lots of time.They recall a project 44. (call) Pix3l Plott3r,a robot that would print people’s pictures.It took them two years to get a fully working model,and they made six or more versions.The Seshan brothers’ advice is never 45. (give) up if something does not work the first time and to try different ways of solving the problem.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
China Daily发起了一场“要不要在城市中推广使用电动车”的讨论。假如你叫李华,请你向该报投稿,阐述你的观点。
注意:词数80左右。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Dad,”whispered Tarig,“Are you awake?”Dad opened his eyes.“What’s the matter,son?”Tarig couldn’t sleep and he felt that it was too hot.Maybe there’s a storm coming.All day long he felt like something was about to happen.Dad whispered back to his son,“You could be right.Go back to bed.There’s a good boy.”
Tarig shook his head.“I’m going downstairs where it’s cooler.Why don’t you come with me?” Dad refused,saying that he would stay there.Tarig went down the landing.He and his father were alone in the house.His mother and sister had gone to visit relatives.He went into the kitchen and lay on the floor.He felt cooler and fell asleep at last.
Suddenly he awoke with a shock.In the distance he could hear a roar,like thunder.It seemed to be coming closer and closer.The storm must have arrived,just as they expected.But this was no ordinary storm.Within seconds the whole house began to shake.The vase fell off the shelves with a crash.Tarig could feel the floor moving beneath him.What on earth was happening?He jumped to his feet and tried to turn on the light.It didn’t work.He reached the back door,but just then came aloud cracking noise.Next moment a pile of bricks came down around him.A terrible choking(窒息的) smell filled the air.
At last the dust cleared.Tarig was amazed to find that he was still alive.The framework of the doorway must have saved him.He called out,“Dad?Dad,are you all right?”
No answer.But he heard a rescue dog barking.He struggled to know what was going on outside,but he couldn’t move.Maybe someone was approaching here.“Are they my family?Or my relatives?”
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Without any more thought,Tarig determined to call for help. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tarig asked where his dad was but nobody replied. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第一单元测评
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了无人机X Pro是无人机市场上的一颗闪亮之星以及它如此受欢迎的原因。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“You can easily control and fly this drone,even if you’ve never flown a drone in your life.”可知,你可以很容易地控制和驾驶这架无人机,即使你从未驾驶过无人机。由此可知,不难控制是无人机X Pro不同于其他无人机的地方。故选A项。B项“质量很好”在文中没有被提到;根据第二段第一句和第三句首先把无人机应用程序安装到你的智能手机,之后再把电池放在无人机里并启动应用程序可知,C项、D项不正确。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第四段第五句“Our friend’s son came over to the office,and he figured out how to fly the drone in just minutes.”可知,我们朋友的儿子来到办公室,他在几分钟内就弄明白如何驾驶无人机。由此可推断,该广告通过例子证明驾驶无人机容易操作。故选A项。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“Now,Drone X Pro sells for $150 each online and two at a discount of 80%.”可知,现在Drone X Pro在线售价是一架150美元,两架的折扣为80%。因此两架无人机是240美元。故选C项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。Srikanth Bolla出生在印度一个村庄,他生下来就是盲人,虽然那里的人都认为残疾人没用,但是他的父母没有放弃他,反而努力培养他,最终他于2012年成立了以残疾人为主的Bollant Industries。
4.B 推理判断题。由第三段的最后两句“Unfortunately,the students...the entire day alone.”和第四段第一句“Concerned this would hold back...in Hyderabad.”可知,在普通学校,老师和学生不喜欢Srikanth,父母担心这会影响Srikanth的成长,决定把他送到特殊学校。由此可推知,在特殊学校,Srikanth Bolla可以得到公平的对待。A、C、D三个选项相关信息文中并未提及。故选B项。
5.B 推理判断题。由第五段第二句“For just four years,it became a powerhouse with over 450 employees,70% of whom are physically challenged.”可推知,Srikanth Bolla是关心残疾人的。根据第一段中的“who was born in a small village”可知他出生在一个小村庄,但文中并未提到那个村庄是否贫穷,故排除A项;文中未提他父母对他是否严厉,故排除C项;文中未提及他年轻时受村民喜爱,因此D项可排除。故选B项。
6.A 推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Sure enough,the young boy soon rose to the top of his class,winning awards in speech and debate competitions.”可知,Srikanth Bolla是很聪明的(intelligent)。根据第四段最后一句“Not wanting to give up,Srikanth took legal action and became the first blind student in the country allowed to study sciences.”可知,Srikanth Bolla不被允许上科学课。他不想放弃,于是运用法律手段成了他们国家第一个上科学课的盲人学生,所以Srikanth Bolla是意志坚定的(determined)。B项“积极和正直的”、C项“耐心和谨慎的”和D项“和善但顽固的”都不符合文章对Srikanth Bolla的描述。故选A项。
7.D 标题归纳题。文章一开始讲述Srikanth Bolla出生地的人认为残疾就是无用的,文章中间段落讲述他父母对他的培养以及他自己的努力,最终没有让父母失望,还成立了自己的公司。所以本文主要讲“残疾并不意味着无能”,而不是A项的“机会到处都有”和B项的“没有挑战就没有成功”,C项“大梦想起作用”脱离了Srikanth Bolla的特殊性。故选D项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是如何保护我们设备上的隐私。为防止恶意软件进入你的设备,请不要点击可疑的链接和电子邮件附件。在电子邮件、社交媒体和网上银行账户上使用强密码。
8.D 词义猜测题。由第二段首句“There are many types of spyware that can dive into our devices and secretly spy on them,recording everything they do.”可知,有许多类型的间谍软件可以潜入我们的设备并秘密监视他们,记录他们所做的一切。由此可知,画线词them指代的是前面提到的devices,因此D项正确。
9.B 推理判断题。由第二段中的“by companies like NSO Group who created the Pegasus spyware to ‘provide authorized governments with technology that helps struggle against terror and crime’”可知,这些公司“提供有助于打击恐怖主义和非法的科技给所授权的政府”,由此推断,NSO Group是研发间谍软件的公司,故选B项。
10.C 推理判断题。由第三段中的“If they need to get any information,they get it by sending a targeted malware to your device...to passwords from social networks,browser history,bank accounts and much more.”可推断,这种保护技术很难阻止恶意软件获取隐私,故选C项。
11.A 主旨大意题。第一段提出人们如何保护个人信息,第二段讲述盗取个人信息的间谍软件;第三段作者认为我们高估了这种保护科技;第四段提到一根胶带显然不是保护你隐私的最有效工具;最后一段就保护隐私给出了建议。因此可推断,本文讲述的是保护设备上的隐私,故选A项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了电动汽车和燃油汽车哪个更环保。
12.B 细节理解题。由第二段中的“The team found that when EVs are charged with coal-powered electricity,they’re actually worse for the environment than gas-powered cars.”可知,当电动汽车消耗的是以煤为燃料的电能时,对环境造成的污染比燃油汽车更严重。
13.A 细节理解题。由第三段中的“In China,the national grid is improving with more investments in renewable energy.”可知,中国电网正在加大对可再生能源的投资。
14.C 推理判断题。由第四段中的“Sheppard modelled a future in which all cars were electric...For example,Sheppard calculated that if all vehicles in the U.S.were electric”可知,Sheppard 建立了一种推测电动汽车未来的模型:如果所有人都用电动汽车,将会产生什么样的结果。
15.C 推理判断题。由第五段中的“Aren’t electric vehicles too expensive for most people?”可知,最后提出的问题是“电动汽车对大多数人来说是不是太贵了?” 所以接下来作者应是继续谈论“如何让电动汽车更实惠”。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在科学上取得成功。
16.E 根据空后的内容可知,作者认为只有和比自己聪明的人在一起才能学到东西,所以本段建议避免和愚蠢的人在一起。故选E项。
17.C 根据设空处前一句话可知,作者认为在科学或生活的游戏中,最高的目标不仅仅是获胜,而是做成一些非常困难的事情。换句话说,最高目标是去超出自己能力范围的领域并名列前茅。C选项是对前一句话的进一步解释。
18.G 根据设空处前文可知,作者认为如果想取得巨大成功,科学家必须准备好陷入很深的困境中。如果你要在科学上有一个巨大的飞跃,你很可能没有资格获得成功。此外,甚至也要准备好怀疑你心中的科学英雄,也就是要勇于质疑权威。故G选项符合语境。
19.F 根据设空处前一句话中的“do well in something I dislike”可知,在科学研究中,对于自己不喜欢的事情作者做不好,但对于自己喜欢的事情作者也不一定能做好。故选F项。
20.B 根据前一段的内容可知,作者建议要和其他科学家交流,从而发现自己忽略的关键事实。甚至要和你的竞争对手交流,即使你觉得他们令人反感。因此本段建议如果你无法忍受与你真正相匹敌的人一起工作,你就不要进行科学研究了。故选B项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。Romay Davis在102岁时依然能自己开车去工作,她的一生一直在奋斗中。本文详细叙述了Romay Davis的个人经历及其所取得的成就。她毕生的奉献精神和强烈的职业道德激励着人们前行。
21.B 根据上文“but she hasn’t let that stop her from working”可知,102岁的Romay Davis仍然每天自己开车去杂货店工作,因此选B项,意为“仍然”。skillfully“熟练地”;yet“但是”。
22.A 根据上文“but she hasn’t let that stop her from working”以及下文“go back to work and was by the grocery store in Winn-Dixiein 2001 at the age of 82”可知,102岁的Romay Davis仍然每天自己开车去杂货店工作。故选A项。shopping“购物”;pleasure“快乐”;fun“乐趣”。均不符合题意。
23.D 根据“Davis is being honored for her...”以及“she is a pioneer herself”可知,Davis因她的贡献而受到表彰。故选D项。contribution“贡献”。这句话的意思是:现在,在黑人历史月,Davis因她的贡献而受到表彰,一项拨款以她的名字命名。
24.B 这里的意思是,通过Romay Davis赠款计划,慈善机构将在争取种族平等和社会正义的斗争中获得支持。criticism“批评”;support“支持”;benefit“益处”;information“信息”,故选B项。
25.A 根据racial equality可知,慈善机构将在争取种族平等和社会正义的斗争中获得支持。justice“公平”;skill“技能”;development“发展”,故选A项。
26.C 根据“as she is a pioneer herself”可知,Davis 名副其实。fond“喜欢的”;aware“有意识的”;worthy“值得的”;sure“确定的”,故选C项。
27.D 根据“overseas during World War Ⅱ”可知,她在第一支驻扎于海外的全黑人女兵部队服役。require“要求”;root“植根于”;organize“组织”;station“使驻扎”,故选D项。
28.B 根据“as a designer in model in New York for 30 years”可知,她开始了自己的时尚生涯。style“风格”;career“职业”;study“学习”;adventure“冒险”。句意:战后,她开始了自己的时尚生涯,在纽约当了30年的模特设计师。故选B项。
29.D 根据“including a master’s degree,Black Belt in Taekwondo(跆拳道) and more”可知,在她的一生中,她还取得了其他里程碑式的成就。miss“错过”;achieve“完成,获得”。句意:在她的一生中,她还取得了其他里程碑式的成就,包括硕士学位、跆拳道黑带等。故选D项。
30.C 根据下文“go back to work”可知,她在1982年第一次退休。fight“打仗”;pursue“追求”;retire“退休”;fail“失败”。故选C项。
31.D 根据上文“After her husband died in 2001”可知,2001年丈夫去世后,她决定重返工作岗位。refuse“拒绝”;fear“害怕”;mention“提及”;decide“决定”。故选D项。
32.A 根据上文“go back to work”可知,她于2001年在82岁时受雇于Winn-Dixiein的一家杂货店。hire“雇佣”;pay“支付”;offer“提供”。故选A项。
33.A 根据下文celebrate可知,Romay Davis庆祝了她的100岁生日。celebrate“庆祝”;pass“通过”;interview“面试”;employ“雇用”。故选A项。
34.C 根据下文strong work ethic(职业道德)以及上文contributions可知,我们都被她毕生的奉献精神和强烈的职业道德所感动。sympathy“同情”;independence“独立”;devotion“热爱”;dream“梦想”。故选C项。
35.B 根据上文“we are all moved”可知,这句话的意思是:我们都被她毕生的奉献精神和强烈的职业道德所感动,她激励其他人做到最好。remind“提醒”;inspire“鼓励”;advise“建议”;lead“引导”,故选B项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。两兄弟为帮助他人学习编程,创建了一个网站提供教学课程,帮助人们更容易地学习机器人技术。
36.it 分析句子结构可知,空格处应使用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语to learn robotics,故填it。
37.where 分析句子成分可知,空格处是非限制性定语从句,先行词是website,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填关系词副词where。
38.realized 分析句子结构可知,空格前后是两个and连接的并列句,前后两句应保持时态一致,根据前面“The story started”这一信息可知,此处也应使用一般过去时,故填realized。
39.with 此处句意为“他们想出了一个主意”,come up with是固定短语,意为“提出”,故填介词with。
40.easily 分析句子成分可知,空格处应使用副词作状语,修饰动词learn,故填easily。
41.have been involved 空格处为定语从句的谓语部分,从句主语who指代先行词kids,与谓语动词involve之间是被动关系;根据时间状语for years可知,此处使用现在完成时的被动语态,故填have been involved。
42.was 句子的主语“one of the reasons”为单数意义,be动词也应使用单数,又因此处为一般过去时态,故填was。
43.patience 分析句子结构可知,空格处应使用名词作宾语,patience是不可数名词,故填patience。
44.called 由句子结构可知,空格处为过去分词作后置定语,逻辑主语project和动词call之间是被动关系,故填called。
45.to give 分析句子成分可知,空格处应使用动词不定式作表语,与本句后面的to try并列,故填to give。
第一节
Dear editor,
I saw that your newspaper launched a discussion about whether e-bikes should be promoted in the city.I’d like to share some of my opinions about this discussion.
I think e-bikes should be promoted in cities.On the one hand,e-bikes can save energy and protect the environment.On the other hand,they can provide convenience for people to travel and reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents.
These are my views and I am sincerely looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
Without any more thought,Tarig determined to call for help.“Help!Help!I’m here!Help!” Then came a burst of footsteps and noise,nearer and nearer.The dog barked more fiercely,and somebody called out,“Here!Someone is alive!” Later,someone began to dig the ruins,which buried Tarig entirely.Gradually,a large thread of torch light came to Tarig’s eyes.Tarig saw the worried but excited people around him.He knew he was saved then.
Tarig asked where his dad was but nobody replied.Tarig pointed to the right spot and told them his dad was sleeping there.And immediately the dog was ordered to search for anyone alive.A few minutes later,surprising shouts passed along,“Dad is here!Here!” They cried.When his dad was carried to him,Tarig could hardly recognize him,for his dad was covered with mud all over the body.Tarig ran to hug his dad firmly for a long time.The excitement of coming back to life was beyond words.
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