人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters同步练习题

Section B　Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking

A级 必备知识基础练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1.She heard the wind 　　　　　　　(whistle) through the trees and the howl of a distant wolf. 

2.When coming across complicated problems,he would take them 　　　　　　(calm). 

3.The small mountainous village was recently visited by a serious volcanic 　　　　　　　(erupt). 

4.The pilot of the aircraft was forced to make 　　　　　　emergency landing on Lake Geneva. 

5.The rescue workers put 　　　　　　shelters in the open air using anything that they could find. 

6.As is known to all,China will be an advanced and 　　　　　　(power) country in the near future. 

7.At the beginning of the term,students 　　　　　　　　　　(supply) with a list of books they are expected to read. 

8.Susan had quit her well-paid job and was working as 　　　　　　volunteer in the neighbourhood when I visited her last year. 

Ⅱ.短语填空

put up,stay away from,wake up,prevent from,be covered with,in danger,on hand,hold on to

1.When she 　　　　　　　　　　　　,Mrs Brown found herself in hospital. 

2.They were 　　　　　　　　　　　　going on holiday by their lack of money. 

3.About 70 percent of the surface of the earth 　　　　　　　　　　　　water. 

4.When the dam was 　　　　　　　　　　　,the whole village rushed out to repair it. 

5.A monument was 　　　　　　　　　　　　over the place in memory of those heroes. 

6.The doctor told him to 　　　　　　　　　　such foods and drinks to lose weight. 

7.I happened to have some money 　　　　　　　　　　　　,so I bought two copies of the book. 

8.The boy 　　　　　　　　　　　　the bush until someone climbed down the cliff to rescue him. 

Ⅲ.完成句子

1.This is the pen 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(你昨天丢失的). 

2.It is the most interesting book 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(我所知道的). 

3.This is the factory 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(我们去年参观过的). 

4.This is the building 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(那位工程师设计的). 

5.The fish 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(我们昨天买的鱼) were not fresh. 

6.Those 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(自愿去非洲的人) have signed their names. 

7.Mr.Wang wants to talk to the student 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(他的父母在美国工作). 

8.I suggest you apply for Peking University 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(它是中国最好的大学之一). 

B级 能力素养提升练

Ⅳ.阅读理解

(2022·四川泸州期末)

When Jack,my husband,and I drove down a country road,we passed a fire station with a sign reading,“Are you ready for the next storm?” Our area had just been in the path of Hurricane Irma,causing downed trees and outages.We were stuck in the dark and cut off from the outside world.

We have had our share of storms in the past — a snowstorm and other heavy snows that knocked down trees,sometimes up to a week at a time.Those days in a cold house weren’t fun,but we learned so much from those early storms,things that made later storms easier to bear.

Now we have stored up flashlights,lanterns and candles.We bought a battery-operated radio to keep up with the news.We stocked up on batteries so that we’d have plenty for extended power failures.We make sure our grill is ready and its tank is full,and we purchase food that can be easily prepared and then cooked or heated on the grill.And we don’t forget to buy emergency chocolate!We have book lights to read in the dark.We keep our car gas tanks full and have emergency cash on hand.

We’re ready for the next storm,but we wouldn’t have learned to do all those things if we hadn’t encountered a storm in the past.The same is true spiritually.Those little storms in our lives are never fun,but they prepare us for the big storms—the big trials—that will come our way.They can teach us some valuable lessons.

Are you ready for the next storm?Now is the time to get ready...not when the storm arrives.

1.Which can replace the underlined word “outages” in paragraph 1?

A.Power cuts.

B.Traffic accidents.

C.Bad weather.

D.Natural disasters.

2.What is the third paragraph mainly about?

A.The importance of storing up daily goods.

B.The experience of dealing with housework.

C.The items the author bought for her daily life.

D.The preparations the author made for emergencies.

3.What does the author think of experiencing the past storms?

A.It was satisfactory.

B.It was instructive.

C.It was unforgettable.

D.It was unbearable.

4.What can we learn from the author’s story?

A.When it rains,it pours.

B.Where there’s smoke,there’s fire.

C.Strike while the iron is hot.

D.Take precautions before it is too late.

Ⅴ.七选五

How to Deal with Being Indoors During an Earthquake

Would you know what to do if you are indoors during an earthquake?　1　 

Stay indoors.Do not move outside.Many modern buildings made of RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) are designed to withstand moderate earthquakes and are actually quite safe.　2　 Going outside is dangerous when people get injured from things falling off the building or other buildings.　3　 Drop before the earthquake drops you.Use the “Drop,Cover and Hold” method—drop onto the ground,take cover under a strong and sturdy object and cover your head with your hands and arms.Hold onto whatever you might be underneath,because if it starts to move,you’ll want to make sure that you’re moving with it. 

Get under something heavy.　4　 If possible,get under something heavy like a desk or table.Cover your head.Get down low and make sure that you are protected from things that might be falling in your home. 

Find other supports if you cannot shelter under something.If you’re not able to get under a table or other forms of protection,get next to an interior wall.Make yourself as small as possible.Cover your head and protect yourself while the shaking is going on.

Stay in bed if you are there already.If an earthquake starts while you are in bed,the best thing is to stay there.Cover your head and neck with your pillow and ride out the shaking.　5　 It has been reported that people who get out of bed during an earthquake are more likely to be injured as they may step on broken glass. 

A.Drop onto the ground.

B.Find a heavy desk quickly.

C.Earthquakes lead to many disasters.

D.Do not get out of bed until the shaking stops.

E.This simple how-to will bring you up to speed quickly.

F.It is unlikely that you will be able to walk during an earthquake.

G.Steps and lifts are actually more dangerous than staying indoors.

Ⅵ.完形填空

(2021·浙江1月改编)

Last year I decided to do some volunteer work.I began to 　1　 on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA.Three months later I 　2　 myself on a plane to Phoenix,Arizona.I was 　3　 at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months.However,within fifteen minutes of arriving,my worries had gone.Everyone was so 　4　and like-minded that it was very easy to feel at home. 

I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day 　5　.We had to carry everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked.It may not seem like a 　6　 way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack,my legs were on fire. 

My job was to 　7　 a stairway out of rock.This 　8　 climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited by mountain lions,although I should say they were only heard,never 　9　. 

Three days later,a beautiful stairway came into being.The 　10　 of knowing that my 　11　 will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive. 

But on the last night we were 　12　 in a thunderstorm.I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent.The temperature was close to 　13　.I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only 　14　 part of my tent. 

Needless to say,I suffered a lot.But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I survived.I think I am much 　15　 for having taken part in the project. 

1.A.calculate　　　　　　B.negotiate

C.advertise D.research

2.A.imagined B.introduced

C.enjoyed D.found

3.A.annoyed B.surprised

C.scared D.excited

4.A.confident B.friendly

C.energetic D.curious

5.A.tour B.project

C.campaign D.course

6.A.nice B.safe

C.long D.quick

7.A.build B.test

C.clean D.guard

8.A.helped B.ended

C.allowed D.meant

9.A.hunted B.trained

C.seen D.fed

10.A.satisfaction B.ambition

C.expectation D.intention

11.A.work B.memory

C.record D.story

12.A.left B.caught

C.attacked D.separated

13.A.boiling B.average

C.normal D.freezing

14.A.tidy B.dry

C.new D.soft

15.A.smarter B.stronger

C.happier D.busier

Ⅶ.语法填空

(2022·江苏扬州高一期末)

“Hello,everyone!Welcome to Tiangong Class.” With this greeting,1.　　　　　　　 special lecture began on Tiangong space station on Dec.9.Lasting for about an hour,the space lecture 2.　　　　　　　　　　(broadcast) live to students.There astronauts from the Shenzhou gave the lecture,showing the space station 3. they live and work and conducting some interesting experiments. 

This is the second live space lecture in China.4.　　　　　　　(compare) with the class eight years ago,this year’s space lecture is greatly different.The “classroom” is 5.　　　　　　(big).This year Wang Yaping gave the space lecture in the Tianhe space core module,6. is the biggest spacecraft developed by China.The quality of space-to-ground 7.　　　　　　　(communicate) is also much improved.With the development of technology,the whole lecture has run smoothly.These changes show that Chinese space industry 8.　　　　　　　　　　　(make) great progress in the past eight years. 

Along with the technological progress,this year’s space lecture covered more topics.9. various topics,the aim behind the lectures has never changed.The space lectures aim to spread knowledge and inspire interest in science among young people.10.　　　　　　　(hope),space activities can help them build the spirit of exploring science and facing challenges. 

Section B　Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking

Ⅰ.1.whistling　2.calmly　3.eruption　4.an　5.up

6.powerful　7.are supplied　8.a

Ⅱ.1.woke up　2.prevented from　3.is covered with　4.in danger　5.put up　6.stay away from　7.on hand

8.held on to

Ⅲ.1.that/which you lost yesterday　2.that I have ever known　3.that/which we visited last year　4.that/which is designed by that engineer　5.that/which we bought yesterday　6.who volunteer to go to Africa　7.whose parents work in America　8.which is one of the best universities in China

Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者经历过暴风雨后就懂得要为下一次暴风雨做好准备。作者通过自身经历告诉我们要未雨绸缪,要为人生中出现的困境随时做好准备。

1.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文提到“Our area had just been in the path of Hurricane Irma,causing downed trees”及后一句提到“We were stuck in the dark and cut off from the outside world.”可知,作者和丈夫所在的地区刚刚受到飓风“厄玛”的袭击,导致树木倒下,他们被困,与外界失去联系。由此推知,画线词outages与Power cuts意思接近,意为“停电”。故选A项。

2.D　主旨大意题。通读第三段可知,经历了以前的暴风雨之后,作者随时准备了照明用的东西、电池,还有烤架、食物,汽车油箱也加满了油,手头还有应急现金。由此可知,第三段主要讲述了作者为以后的暴风雨所做的准备。

3.B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“but we wouldn’t have learned to do all those things if we hadn’t encountered a storm in the past.”以及“They can teach us some valuable lessons.”可推知,作者认为曾经经历过暴风雨对他们是有益的。

4.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Now is the time to get ready...not when the storm arrives.”可知,作者认为现在要为以后的暴风雨做准备,而不是当暴风雨来临的时候才准备。由此推知,作者的故事告诉我们一定要未雨绸缪。

Ⅴ.1.E　2.G　3.A　4.F　5.D

Ⅵ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者去参加一个志愿项目,历经苦难,后来变得更加强大的故事。

1.D　上文提到作者想做志愿工作,下文提到作者发现了Volunteer USA。由此可知,作者在网上做调查(research)。

2.D　根据下文可知,作者确实开始了他的志愿项目。所以,作者发现(found)自己在去凤凰城的飞机上。

3.C　根据下文的“my worries had gone”可知,这里指作者有点害怕。be scared at“害怕……”。

4.B　上文提到“我的担心消失了”,下文提到“我感觉就像在家一样”。由此可知,大家都很友好(friendly)。

5.B　根据作者是做志愿工作可知,这里是指作者8天的志愿项目(project)。文章最后一句重现了project。

6.C　根据下文的转折“but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack”可知,前面的意思是“虽然这似乎并不是很长的(long)一段路”,照应上文的three miles。

7.A　根据后面提到的爬山以及下文的“came into being”可知,作者要建(build)一段阶梯。

8.D　上文提到作者的工作就是建山上的阶梯,这就意味着(meant)在山的一侧爬上爬下。

9.C　分析句子成分可知,they指代的是前面的lions,因此这里的意思是“虽然我得说听到过狮子的声音,但没有人见过(seen)它们”。

10.A　根据下文可知,作者知道自己的工作成果会存在很多年而产生满足感(satisfaction)。

11.A　根据上文提到的“我的阶梯建好了”可知,此处表示作者的工作(work)成果。

12.B　根据下文的“in a thunderstorm”可知,作者被雷暴天气困住了。be caught in意为“被困住”。

13.D　根据下文的“I had to spend the rest of the night trembling...”可知,这里非常冷,因此是温度接近冰点(freezing)。

14.B　根据“to find a swimming pool in my tent”可知,作者在唯一一块干的(dry)地方度过了后半夜。

15.B　上文提到作者在这个项目中历经苦难,由此可知,作者参加完这个项目变得更加强大了(stronger)。

Ⅶ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了12月9日在天宫空间站举行的一场特别的讲座的情况。这是中国第二次现场空间讲座,与八年前的课堂相比,今年的太空讲座有很大的不同。

1.a　考查冠词。lecture是可数名词,此处表泛指应用不定冠词,且special是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,故填a。

2.was broadcast/broadcasted　考查时态、语态。主语与谓语构成被动关系,且描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was broadcast/broadcasted。

3.where　考查定语从句。先行词为the space station,关系词在从句中作地点状语,所以填where。

4.Compared　考查非谓语动词。短语be compared with表示“与……相比”,此处省略be动词,用动词-ed形式作状语,句首单词首字母要大写。

5.bigger　考查形容词比较级。结合句意表示“更大”big应用比较级形式,故填bigger。

6.which　考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the Tianhe space core module,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,所以填which。

7.communication　考查名词。表示“通信”,所以用名词communication。

8.has made/has been making　考查时态。根据后文in the past eight years可知,此处可用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。

9.Despite　考查介词。后跟名词作宾语,表示“尽管”,应用介词despite,句首单词首字母要大写,故填Despite。

10.Hopefully　考查副词。所填的词修饰后文整个句子,所以用副词hopefully,句首单词首字母要大写。