专题 01 阅读理解（应用文、记叙文） --新高考八省最新名校联考试题汇编

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专题 01 阅读理解（应用文、记叙文）
--2023年新高考八省最新名校联考试题汇编
（解析版）

1.【福建省厦门第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期12月试题 】
Want to choose a picture book to enjoy? Here are four popular books sold on the website of Amazon, Read and choose your favourite.
The Relatives Came by Cynthia Rylant
So many beautiful memories are collected when relatives come to visit. Join in the fun as a family gets together for a summer they will never forget. Warm and inviting language as well as wonderful pictures brings the story of this family’s summer get-together to life.
Available from Amazon. S11. 26
Jabari Jumps by Gaia Cornwall
You know that feeling when you're as excited as you are scared to make a jump. That's how Jabari feels about his first jump off the diving board. He knows how to swim. He knows jumping off surely looks fun. But is he brave enough to make a jump? With some gentle encouragement from his loving father, Jabari jumps.
Available from Amazon. $5.56
There Might Be Lobsters by Carolyn Crimi
Meet Suki. She's a small dog with a big fear of the beach. When a rescue is in order, Suki saves the day proving that there's nothing to fear but fear itself. It is a perfect picture book for kids who are afraid to try new experiences. It opens the door to calming dialogues and messages of bravery and victory.
Available from Amazon. $11.84
Three Little Words by Amy Novesky
Dory's"Just keep swimming!" message of never giving up is perfect for anyone who has ever felt like they were drowning. Follow Dory to an unforgettable adventure as she finds her way in this beautiful adventure of friendship and survival.
Available from Amazon. $12.06
1．What do we know about The Relatives Came?
A．It tells a story of adventure.
B．It is the cheapest picture book.
C．It's about a boy's memories.
D．It's about a family get-together.
2．Which book tells how to overcome fears by helping others?
A．The Relatives Came.
B．Jabari Jumps.
C．There Might Be Lobsters.
D．Three Little Words.
3．What does the book by Amy Novesky inspire its readers to do?
A．Learn to swim.
B．Never give up.
C．Love their friends.
D．Have an adventure.
【答案】1．D    2．C    3．B
【分析】本文是一篇广告，介绍了亚马逊网站上销售的四本畅销书籍的内容、意义和价格。
1．细节理解题。根据The Relatives Came by Cynthia Rylant中“Join in the fun as a family gets together for a summer they will never forget.( 一家人聚在一起度过一个难忘的夏天，一起来享受这一乐趣吧。)和……brings the story of this family’s summer get-together to life.(……将这个家庭的夏日聚会故事带到了生活中。) ”可知这本书描写了家庭团聚的美好，是关于家庭团聚的。故选D.
2．细节理解题。根据There Might Be Lobsters by Carolyn Crimi中“It is a perfect picture book for kids who are afraid to try new experiences. It opens the door to calming dialogues and messages of bravery and victory.( 对于害怕尝试新体验的孩子来说，这是一本完美的图画书。它打开了一扇门，让人们平静地对话，传递勇敢和胜利的信息。) ”可知，这本书能够帮助孩子们克服恐惧，变得勇敢去取得胜利。故选C.
3．细节理解题。根据Three Little Words by Amy Novesky中“Dory's "Just keep swimming!" message of never giving up”可知这本书给读者们传递了永不放弃的信息，鼓励读者们不要放弃。故选B.
【点睛】细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：
1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。本文是一篇广告，介绍了亚马逊网站上销售的四本畅销书籍的内容、意义和价格。
2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。
3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题1根据The Relatives Came by Cynthia Rylant中Join in the fun as a family gets together for a summer they will never forget.和……brings the story of this family’s summer get-together to life.可知这本书描写了家庭团聚的美好，是关于家庭团聚的。小题2根据There Might Be Lobsters by Carolyn Crimi中It is a perfect picture book for kids who are afraid to try new experiences. It opens the door to calming dialogues and messages of bravery and victory.可知这本书能够帮助孩子们克服恐惧，变得勇敢去取得胜利。

2.【2023届吉林省长春吉大附中实验学校高三上学期模拟考试试题】
Passage 1
HSK TEST and HSKK TEST are both the internationally standardized tests that focus on the ability of candidates whose Chinese is not their first language to use Chinese for communication in life, study and work.
According to China’s Ministry of Education, any foreign students to be enrolled in Chinese university should at least hold a HSK Level 4 certificate.
Learners who want to apply for the Confucius Institute Scholarships should take the score reports of both HSK and HSKK.
All test takers taking HSK abroad are eligible (合格) to apply for the Chinese Test Summer Camp to experience Chinese culture and learn Chinese in a short period in China.
HSK and HSKK scores are valid for a long time. As a proof of the Chinese language ability of foreign students entering Chinese colleges and universities, the scores are valid for two years (counting from the day of the test).
HSK TEST
Test levels include HSK (Level 1), HSK (Level 2), HSK (Level 3), HSK (Level 4). HSK (Level 5) and HSK (Level 6).
Exam Object: HSK (Level 4) is mainly for candidates who have learned Chinese for four semesters (two academic years) with a schedule of 2-4 class hours per week and mastered 1, 200 commonly used words.
HSKK TEST
HSKK Test is designed to test the ability to express oneself orally in Chinese and includes the HSKK (Elementary), HSKK (Intermediate) and HSKK (Advanced).
Exam Object: HSKK (Intermediate) is mainly for candidates who have leaned Chinese for one to two academic years at a schedule of 2-3 class hours per week and master about 900 of the most commonly used words.
1．What is required for a foreigner to get into a Chinese college?
A．To pass Level 4 of HSK. B．To score above average in HSKK.
C．To speak Chinese as their mother tongue. D．To take part in Chinese Test Summer Camp.
2．How many levels does HSKK Test include?
A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6.
3．Where can we most probably see this article?
A．In Chinese art galleries. B．On inter-city subways.
C．In elementary schoolbooks. D．On overseas study websites.
【答案】1．A    2．A    3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了与国际汉语考试和国际汉语口试相关的信息。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“According to China’s Ministry of Education, any foreign students to be enrolled in Chinese university should at least hold a HSK Level 4 certificate.(根据中国教育部的规定，任何进入中国大学的外国学生至少应持有HSK 4级证书)”可知，对于外国人进入中国大学至少需要通过HSK Level 4。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据HSKK TEST部分中的“HSKK Test is designed to test the ability to express oneself orally in Chinese and includes the HSKK (Elementary), HSKK (Intermediate) and HSKK (Advanced). (HSKK考试旨在测试用汉语口头表达自己的能力，包括HSKK（初级），HSKK（中级）和HSKK（高级）)”可知，HSKK Test包含三级。故选A项。
3．推理判断题。根据首段中的“HSK TEST and HSKK TEST are both the internationally standardized tests that focus on the ability of candidates whose Chinese is not their first language to use Chinese for communication in life, study and work.(HSK考试和HSKK考试都是国际标准化的考试，侧重于汉语不是第一语言的考生在生活，学习和工作中使用汉语进行交流的能力)”可知，本文介绍的是关于HSK TEST 和 HSKK TEST的考试信息，都是针对海外的学生。由此推知，文章很可能在关于海外学习的网站上，其他的艺术展览馆，城内地铁，初级教学课本都不符合文章主题。故选D项。

Passage 2
My hands were shaking uncontrollably. I tried incredibly hard to focus on the words that I spent hours putting down on paper. I tried to conquer my fear of speaking in public on numerous occasions throughout my life. During college and at my first few jobs, I would get ridiculously nervous when I had to give a presentation or lead a meeting. Public speaking had been my nemesis for as long as I could remember.
Then in my mid-thirties, I decided to join the public speaking group Toastmasters. At every meeting, we were rated and forced to compete with other speakers for an award. You would think that I would walk away from these experiences as a polished speaker, but nothing seemed to work.
It wasn’t until recently, when science and scientific institutions were being attacked for unfair reasons during the pandemic, that I decided I must speak out. Science has made this country a place where dreams come true — this is why we all need to protect science. In addition, as a science writer, I try to get readers to understand how science is related to their daily lives.
So I ended up on that frightening stage on that sunny Saturday in April — Earth Day. Despite the body shakes and fear, I persevered. That day, I looked out into the crowd of like-minded science supporters and I felt comfort.
Reaching that milestone goal of getting through a speech truly changed me. At almost forty, I learned that passion can set off a flame in my heart to do things I never dreamed possible. The darkness that led to my speech is sure to lead to new opportunities and adventures.
4．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “nemesis” in Para. 1?
A．Strength. B．Confusion C．Preference. D．Struggles.
5．What happened to the author when leaving Toastmasters?
A．Things got worse for him. B．Nervousness remained with him.
C．He became a polished writer. D．He began to feel more competitive.
6．What made the author want to speak out on Earth Day?
A．He must rise up to defend science.
B．It was a good chance to learn science.
C．It was a project organized by Toastmasters.
D．He couldn’t have people attacking his fellow scientists.
7．What lesson did the author draw from his successful speech?
A．Frustration can be a stepping stone to success.
B．Love motivates us to achieve the unachievable.
C．Science can lead us to make wonderful changes.
D．Any difficulty can be overcome with great effort.
【答案】4．D    5．B    6．D    7．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者在一次偶然的机会为了科学而去发表公开演讲，使得他自己战胜了对公开演讲的恐惧心理，同时也悟出了一个道理：激情可以燃起心中的火焰，实现自己不能实现的成就。
4．词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“During college and at my first few jobs, I would get ridiculously nervous when I had to give a presentation or lead a meeting.(在大学期间和我的前几份工作中，当我不得不做演讲或主持会议时，我会变得非常紧张)”可知，在大学期间和工作之初，一到开会或者是公开演讲就会紧张。由此可知，公开演讲是作者一直感到困难的事情。划线词nemesis与struggles(难事)意思接近。故选D项。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“At every meeting, we were rated and forced to compete with other speakers for an award. You would think that I would walk away from these experiences as a polished speaker, but nothing seemed to work.(在每次会议上，我们都会被评分，并被迫与其他演讲者竞争奖项。你可能会认为我会作为一个优雅的演讲者离开这些经历，但似乎没有任何效果)”可推知，作者经常参加一些演讲比赛，但仍然没有改变自己紧张的状况。故选B项。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It wasn’t until recently, when science and scientific institutions were being attacked for unfair reasons during the pandemic, that I decided I must speak out.(直到最近，当科学和科学机构在大流行期间因不公平的原因受到攻击时，我才决定我必须大声疾呼)”可知，因为科学和科学机构遭到了不公平的攻击，所以作者站出来捍卫科学。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“At almost forty, I learned that passion can set off a flame in my heart to do things I never dreamed possible. The darkness that led to my speech is sure to lead to new opportunities and adventures.(快四十岁时，我了解到激情可以在我心中点燃火焰，去做我做梦都想不到的事情。导致我演讲的黑暗肯定会带来新的机会和冒险)”可推知，作者感悟到激情能够点燃内心的火焰，实现自己曾经无法实现的事情。故选B项。

3.【2023届河北省衡水中学高三上学期四调】
Monthly subscription educational boxes for students can be a great way to develop an interest in a particular subject. If you want to learn something at home while having fun, you can have educational boxes delivered monthly straight to your house.
Spangler Boxes
The Spangler boxes feature a range of hands-on scientific experiments designed by Steve Spangler, who previously hosted a popular science education program on News for Kids. Projects focus on STEM-science, technology, engineering, and math. Examples of projects include exploring lava (岩浆) science, the sound waves, and physical laws.
Finders Seekers Boxes
After receiving a Finders Seekers box, you'll explore characters of a new city and culture every month while solving puzzles. Think of Finders Seekers as an escape room challenge that takes place in your living room. Clues and online research tools are available to help in case you get stuck solving the mystery. Each puzzle takes approximately two to four hours to complete.
Creation Boxes
Creation teaches students electronics, digital tips and high-level problem- solving. Each box teaches a lesson and is progressively more challenging. A sampling of the projects includes a mood lamp, an electronic memory game, and a distance detector using an ultrasonic sensor (超声传感器).
Kiwi Doodle Boxes
Kiwi Doodle Boxes are among the most popular boxes on the market. They feature a variety of themes customized to students aged from 8 to 18. Doodle focuses on art and design with projects such as a felt botanic garden, an artificial leather sample set, and handmade soap. Doodle projects introduce students to new crafting materials and techniques and all craft supplies are included in the box.
1．What did Steve Spangler use to be?
A．A scientist. B．An educator.
C．A TV host. D．An engineer.
2．Which of the following is included in Finders Seekers Boxes?
A．Features of cities. B．Online instructions.
C．Historical mysteries. D．Escape room challenges.
3．If you are interested in handicraft art, which box would you subscribe?
A．Creation Boxes. B．Spangler Science Boxes.
C．Finders Seekers Boxes. D．Kiwi Doodle Boxes.
【答案】1．C    2．A    3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍四种“教育盒子”。
1．细节理解题。根据Spangler Boxes部分的“Steve Spangler, who previously hosted a popular science education program(史蒂夫·斯潘格勒曾主持过一个科普教育节目)”可知，Steve Spangler过去是一个电视节目主持人。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Finders Seekers Boxes部分的“After receiving a Finders Seekers box, you'll explore characters of a new city and culture every month while solving puzzles.(在收到“Finders Seekers”盒子后，每个月可以一边解开谜题，一边探索新城市的人物和文化。)”可知，Finders Seekers Boxes包括了城市的特点，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据Kiwi Doodle Boxes部分的“Doodle focuses on art and design with projects such as a felt botanic garden, an artificial leather sample set, and handmade soap.(Doodle专注于艺术和项目设计，如毛毡植物园、人造皮革样品集和手工肥皂)”可知，如果你对手工艺术感兴趣，你会订阅Kiwi Doodle Boxes，故选D。

4.【福建省福建师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期试题】
I’m a talker. I’m into debating, gossiping and teasing. I solve problems by talking them through. This works perfectly well when I have people to talk to. Under lockdown, however, I’ve only had my partner,  Peter. We not only lived, worked and traveled together, we socialized together, too. Under the first UK lockdown, our constant closeness began to feel uncomfortable.
For the first time in our 10 years together, we needed to be alone. I tried to manufacture this by going on walks on my own, but a short walk in the local park wasn’t doing the job. I considered my options and hit upon an idea: the semi-solo hike. Could we do a circular hike but walk in different directions? This would give us the space and peace of a solo hike. It felt like a promising compromise, so I told him about it. He thought it was thoroughly silly but agreed to give it a try.
We started with a four-mile loop(环形)from Reeth. At the start, we parted ways. At first, I was aware of how close we were, which lessened the appeal. Walking alone offers freedom and alone time, but here I was with my boyfriend nearby. As I gained ground, however, I found myself very much alone. I set my own pace, and I decided to take my time.
I sat on a rock and breathed out. That moment-with the weak sun through the clouds and the breeze blowing across makeshift(临时的)pools-felt extraordinary to me. I was born and raised in London and had never imagined leaving until I met an outdoorsman(野外活动爱好者). Now, my former life as a city girl felt crazy. Realizing what I had gained, I felt the tension leave me. There, in the chilly air, I no longer needed to talk. The semi-solo hike gave us a shared experience with added room to breathe. I didn’t see Peter en route(在途中)but reunited back where we started, both of us sheepish(难为情的)but pleased. The semi-solo hike is admittedly silly in theory, but for me it has been a lifeline. It has given me the gift of time alone and, in a year of constant closeness, the joy of reuniting.
1．Why did the author decide to do a semi-solo hike?
A．To get rid of the lockdown. B．To find some individual space.
C．To meet more people to socialize. D．To seek the pleasure of reuniting
2．How did the author feel at the beginning of the hike?
A．Curious. B．Thrilled. C．Unsatisfied. D．Relaxed.
3．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Interest is the best teacher. B．Exercise helps increase confidence.
C．Living in the city limits our imagination. D．An appropriate distance creates happiness.
4．What is the best title for the text?
A．Hiking together B．Spending time apart C．Taking exercise alone D．Reuniting with my partner
【答案】1．B    2．C    3．D    4．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者和男朋友进行的半单人徒步，给了他们共同的体验，增加了呼吸的空间，增加了幸福感。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“For the first time in our 10 years together, we needed to be alone. I tried to manufacture this by going on walks on my own, but a short walk in the local park wasn’t doing the job. I considered my options and hit upon an idea: the semi-solo hike.(十年来，我们第一次需要独处。我试图通过独自散步来实现这一点，但在当地的公园里走一小段路并不能达到目的。我考虑了一下我的选择，突然想到了一个主意：半单人徒步旅行。)”可知作者决定进行半单人徒步旅行是为了独处，找到一些个人空间，故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段“At first, I was aware of how close we were, which lessened the appeal. Walking alone offers freedom and alone time, but here I was with my boyfriend nearby. As I gained ground, however, I found myself very much alone. I set my own pace, and I decided to take my time.( 一开始，我意识到我们的关系如此亲密，降低了吸引力。一个人走可以带来自由和独处的时间，但我和我附近的男朋友在一起。然而，随着我前进，我发现自己非常孤独。我设定了自己的节奏，我决定慢慢来。) ”可推断，一开始的时候作者不是很满意，故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The semi-solo hike is admittedly silly in theory, but for me it has been a lifeline. It has given me the gift of time alone and, in a year of constant closeness, the joy of reuniting. (诚然，这种半单人徒步旅行在理论上是很愚蠢的，但对我来说，这是一条救生索。它给了我独处的时间，在这亲密无间的一年里，给了我团聚的喜悦。)”由此可推断，半单人徒步旅行给作者带来了喜悦，因此推断适当的距离可以创造幸福。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知文章描述作者和男朋友在一起很久，作者觉得应该有独处的时间，于是进行半单人徒步旅行，这次经历给了他们共同的体验，增加了呼吸的空间，增加了幸福感。所以B选项“分开度过时间”符合主题大意，故选B。

5.【重庆巴蜀中学2022-2023学年高三上学期试题】
Dear Tommy,
I am Ole Orvér, Finnair’s chief commercial officer. It’s my pleasure to warmly welcome you back to the skies with Finnair. I’d like to reflect on some of the developments that we hope you find exciting and helpful:
●This summer season you can fly with Finnair to over 70 European and five US destinations. In Asia, we serve eight cities, including Guangzhou and newly added Mumbai starting 6 August. We operate over 300 daily flights and I’m excited about the addition of Seattle and Dallas to our US network.
●Travel is recovering everywhere, and airports around the world are working hard to manage increased traffic volumes. It is a good idea to reserve some extra time at the airport before your flight. We are doing our very best together with our partners both at Helsinki and in our outstations to offer you a smooth travel experience during this popular travel season.
●You are again able to offset (碳补偿) flight carbon emissions, this time with a service that combines sustainable aviation (航空) fuel and certified climate projects. We at Finnair have ambitious emissions targets and our customers wish for a simple and transparent way to contribute.
●Finnair Plus turned 30 in May. We are committed to developing the programme further to serve you in the best possible way. To make your flight bookings smoother, we recently upgraded the experience of booking award flights in the Finnair app.
Finally, I’d like to thank you for your patience when we haven’t got things quite right. Wherever you’re travelling in the next few months, I hope it’s memorable. Thank you for flying Finnair.
Kind Regards,
Ole Orvér
1．Which city is a new addition to the Finnair’s Asian network?
A．Guangzhou. B．Mumbai. C．Seattle. D．Dallas.
2．What is Finnair doing to help the environment?
A．Launching a climate project. B．Developing sustainable fuels.
C．Donating to a green programme. D．Offering a carbon offset service.
3．Why does Finnair write this letter to Tommy?
A．To express sincere gratitude. B．To introduce new routes.
C．To apologize for bad service. D．To keep a regular customer.
【答案】1．B    2．D    3．D
【导语】本文是一封信件。文章主要介绍了芬兰航空的首席商务官给一位客户写信介绍航空公司的一些服务和规划等概况。
1．细节理解题。根据文章的第二段“In Asia, we serve eight cities, including Guangzhou and newly added Mumbai starting 6 August.(在亚洲，我们服务8个城市，包括广州和新加入的孟买，从8月6日开始。)”可知，孟买是芬兰航空亚洲网络的新成员。故选B项。
2．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“You are again able to offset (碳补偿) flight carbon emissions, this time with a service that combines sustainable aviation(航空) fuel and certified climate projects.(你再次能够抵消飞行碳排放，这一次是通过一项将可持续航空燃料和经过认证的气候项目相结合的服务。)”可推知，芬兰航空公司为保护环境做的贡献是提供碳补偿服务。故选D项。
3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Finally, I’d like to thank you for your patience when we haven’t got things quite right. Wherever you’re travelling in the next few months, I hope it’s memorable. Thank you for flying Finnair.(最后，我想感谢你的耐心，当我们没有把事情做得很好。在接下来的几个月里，无论你去哪里旅行，我都希望你能留下难忘的回忆。感谢您乘坐芬兰航空公司的航班。)”可推知，芬兰航空给汤米写这封信的目的是为了能留住一个老客户。故选D项。

6.【湖南省长沙市长郡中学2022-2023学年高三试题】
Travel with Kids to Pittsburgh
This is an exciting time to visit Pittsburgh. The city and surrounding region is now perfect for family fun. Here are some of Pittsburgh’s must-visit family attractions:
Eat Pie at Sand Hill Berries
The homemade pies at Sand Hill Berries are better than what’s found on any kids menu, and everyone loves fresh fruit pie! The family farm has been growing strawberries and blackberries since 1981, using the fruit for homemade jams and pies. It’s worth a drive to the farm’s lovely outdoor Cabin Cafe. Kids and adults will enjoy a slice of pie in what feels like a secret garden.
Children’s Museum of Pittsburgh
For active kids with energy to burn, the Children’s Museum of Pittsburgh is a perfect place. Kids can play in the Garage—an interactive area that includes a parachute (降落伞) launcher and toy car raceways. At the Makeshop, kids use skills to create a take-home piece of woodworking or sewing. Museum exhibits change often and make for fresh repeat visits.
Fort Ligonier
History comes to life at Fort Ligonier, a re-created fort (兵营) from the French and Indian War located in Ligonier—about an hour’s drive east of the city. Here, kids can learn about George Washington—he served at the fort more than 250 years ago! Costumed (装扮的) soldiers demonstrate daily life, including welcoming visitors to where they slept, ate and prepared for battle. In October, the village of Ligonier hosts the annual Fort Ligonier Days with live music, performances, fireworks and more.
Just Ducky Tour
Pittsburgh’s Just Ducky Tour takes riders from land to water on one boat! The jeep-like boats start on land for a driving tour of the business and cultural districts of downtown, before driving into the river! The tour guide makes an effort to tell fun stories about the landmarks. Kids will love the group participation and enjoy the excitement of driving right into the river!
21．Where can kids make things with their own hands?
A．At Fort Ligonier.
B．On Just Ducky Tour.
C．At Sand Hill Berries.
D．In the Children’s Museum of Pittsburgh.
22．What can visitors see at Fort Ligonier in summer?
A．Costumed soldiers.
B．George Washington.
C．The French and Indian War.
D．Performances by the villagers.
23．How is Just Ducky Tour different from the other tours?
A．It is kid-friendly.
B．It is a historic site.
C．It offers delicious food.
D．It involves both land and water.
【答案】21．D    22．A    23．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了匹兹堡适合全家去的景点。
21．细节理解题。根据Children’s Museum of Pittsburgh部分的“At the Makeshop, kids use skills to create a take-home piece of woodworking or sewing.(在Makeshop，孩子们使用技能制作一件带回家的木工或缝纫作品)”可知，在Children’s Museum of Pittsburgh孩子们可以动手自己制作东西。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据Fort Ligonier部分的“Costumed (装扮的) soldiers demonstrate daily life, including welcoming visitors to where they slept, ate and prepared for battle. (身着盛装的士兵展示了日常生活，包括欢迎游客到他们睡觉、吃饭和准备战斗的地方)”可知，夏天游客可以在Fort Ligonier看到身着盛装的士兵。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据Just Ducky Tour部分的“Pittsburgh’s Just Ducky Tour takes riders from land to water on one boat! (匹兹堡的“Just Ducky之旅”让游客乘坐一艘船从陆地到水中!)”并结合其他景点可知，Just Ducky Tour和其他旅行的不同之处是它包括水陆。故选D。

7.【江苏省苏州市吴江汾湖高级中学等重点中学2022-2023学年高三上学期月考】
Passage 1
Getting lost in vast stretches of nature is the most appealing feature of the world’s second-largest nation — Canada. These are the top five must-see destinations to visit in Canada.
Vancouver
Planning a trip to Vancouver won’t let you down if you re looking for scenic beauty, a warm climate, a lively atmosphere, and plenty of fun things to do. Situated on the Pacific Ocean’s shores, the city is a year-round destination for outdoor enthusiasts. There are mountains to ski just outside the city, beaches all around, and Stanley Park’s dense rainforest just a few blocks from downtown’s glass skyscrapers.
Niagara Falls
On the border of Canada and the United States, Niagara Falls is a series of three awe-inspiring falls. Horseshoe Falls, located on the Ontario side of the falls, provides the best views and most activities. At night, fireworks light up Niagara Falls in Ontario’s Queen Victoria Park, one of the best spots to see the falls from the city.
Montreal
Montreal is a unique destination with a magnificent historic district dating back to the 1600s and a modern city centre with vast underground shopping. You can lose yourself in the ancient streets lined with cobble stones and beautiful old buildings in Old Montreal. The historic streets of Montreal are also lined with shops, hotels and restaurants, making it a popular destination for fashionists.
Whistler
The Whistler resort is the largest and most famous alpine ski destination in North America because of two spectacular mountains, Whistler and Blackcomb. Many world-class ski resorts are located here. In addition, the mountains offer numerous hiking and climbing options.
Toronto
Nearly a hundred different ethnic groups call Toronto home, making it one of the world’s most ethnically diverse metropolises. It’s not uncommon to see street signs written in various languages, and each neighbourhood has its own unique cuisine.
21．What is special about Vancouver?
A．People can ski down the mountains.
B．People can take a sunbath on the beach.
C．People can enjoy outdoor activities all year round.
D．People can explore rainforest far away from downtown.
22．What is Montreal like?
A．Ancient and fashionable. B．Modern and prosperous.
C．Ancient and creative. D．Modern and peaceful.
23．Where can you have a multicultural experience?
A．Vancouver. B．Whistler. C．Niagara Falls. D．Toronto.
【答案】21．C    22．A    23．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了位居前五的加拿大必游景点。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Situated on the Pacific Ocean’s shores, the city is a year-round destination for outdoor enthusiasts.(位于太平洋海岸，这座城市全年都是户外运动爱好者的目的地)”可知，Vancouver的特别之处在于全年都有户外活动。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据第四段“Montreal is a unique destination with a magnificent historic district dating back to the 1600s and a modern city centre with vast underground shopping. You can lose yourself in the ancient streets lined with cobble stones and beautiful old buildings in Old Montreal. The historic streets of Montreal are also lined with shops, hotels and restaurants, making it a popular destination for fashionists.(蒙特利尔是一个独特的目的地，有一个可以追溯到17世纪的宏伟历史街区，以及一个拥有巨大地下购物中心的现代城市中心。在古老的蒙特利尔，你可以迷失在鹅卵石铺成的古老街道和美丽的老建筑中。蒙特利尔历史悠久的街道上也遍布着商店、酒店和餐馆，成为时尚人士的热门目的地)”可知，蒙特利尔既有古老的一面，也有时尚的一面。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Nearly a hundred different ethnic groups call Toronto home, making it one of the world’s most ethnically diverse metropolises. It’s not uncommon to see street signs written in various languages, and each neighbourhood has its own unique cuisine.(近100个不同的民族把多伦多称为家，使它成为世界上种族最多样化的大都市之一。用各种语言书写的街道标志并不少见，每个街区都有自己独特的美食)”可知，多伦多是拥有多元文化的都市。故选D。

Passage 2
George Turner, 48, owner of Penuel Bicycles in Inglewood, California, talks with respect about his childhood BMX dirt bike. “I was mad keen on cycling.” he says. “I did whatever it took to get on that bike, as long as I was home before dark.” Home meant housework, homework and annoying brothers. But a bike meant escapes.
In 2010, George transformed his childhood love into a livelihood, and opened his bicycle shop, Penuel Bicycles. The shop fulfilled a lifelong dream. Before that, he had worked for years delivering boxes for FedEx while selling bike accessories online.
“Bicycles kept me out of trouble,” George remembers. “They were part of my life.” He figured that was still true for kids when he opened Penuel Bicycles. George expected parents to crowd inside, eager to buy shiny new bikes for their kids. He looked forward to helping boys and girls discover the joy of riding — and stay out of trouble — just as he had.
None of that happened, however.
George found that kids these days lead a different life. Usually, they don’t want a bike for their birthday. And most of them ever don’t know how to ride a bike. Instead of getting out and riding, they prefer spending their time on their phones indoors. As kids don’t ride, it is impossible that parents crowd in his shop to buy new bikes. Nine years after opening his Penuel Bicycles, George feared that he had to close the shop.
Then in 2020, the coronavirus pandemic swept the nation. Surprisingly, the pandemic saved George’s business. During the pandemic, many American people found that cycling was a good way to exercise and also a safe way to get around. The demand for new bikes kept growing and people in George’s neighborhood pulled out their old bikes and wheeled them to Penuel Bicycles to get repaired. Now he is trying his best to meet his customers’ needs and hopes that his customers can really discover the joy of riding.
24．What did the bike mean to George in his childhood?
A．Taking up sports. B．Getting away from daily routine.
C．A precious birthday gift. D．A convenient vehicle.
25．What is George’s lifelong dream?
A．Making a big fortune. B．Being a member of FedEx.
C．Opening his own bicycle shop. D．Helping people pursue riding pleasure.
26．Why was George’s bike business once in a tough situation?
A．The lifestyle of kids changed. B．He wasn’t good at management.
C．Bikes were not as charming as before. D．His business was affected by the pandemic.
27．What’s the best title of the passage?
A．Joy of Wheel B．Passion for Exercise
C．Improvement of Bike Business D．Increasing Demand for New Bikes
【答案】24．B    25．C    26．A    27．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述乔治回忆了童年时期骑自行车的快乐和现在孩子们生活方式的改变让他们无法体会骑车的乐趣，但疫情再次让许多美国人发现骑自行车的意义。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Home meant housework, homework and annoying brothers. But a bike meant escapes.(家意味着家务、家庭作业和烦人的兄弟。但骑自行车意味着逃避)”可知，在乔治的童年时代，自行车对他意味着摆脱日常琐事。故选B项。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In 2010, George transformed his childhood love into a livelihood, and opened his bicycle shop, Penuel Bicycles. The shop fulfilled a lifelong dream.(2010年，乔治把童年的爱好变成了生计，开了自己的自行车店Penuel bikes。这家商店实现了他一生的梦想)”可知，乔治一生的梦想是开自己的自行车店。故选C项。
26．推理判断题。根据第五段“George found that kids these days lead a different life. Usually, they don’t want a bike for their birthday. And most of them ever don’t know how to ride a bike. Instead of getting out and riding, they prefer spending their time on their phones indoors. As kids don’t ride, it is impossible that parents crowd in his shop to buy new bikes. Nine years after opening his Penuel Bicycles, George feared that he had to close the shop.(乔治发现现在的孩子有了不同的生活方式。通常，他们不想要自行车作为生日礼物。他们中的大多数人都不知道如何骑自行车。比起出门骑车，他们更喜欢在室内玩手机。由于孩子们不骑自行车，父母们不可能挤进他的商店里买新自行车。在佩努埃尔自行车店开业9年后，乔治担心他不得不关闭这家店)”可推知，乔治的自行车生意一度陷入困境的原因是孩子们的生活方式改变了。故选A项。
27．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，乔治回忆了童年时期骑自行车的快乐和现在孩子们生活方式的改变让他们无法体会骑车的乐趣，但疫情再次让许多美国人发现骑自行车和意义。结合最后一段中“Now he is trying his best to meet his customers’ needs and hopes that his customers can really discover the joy of riding.(现在他正在努力满足顾客的需求，希望顾客能真正发现骑行的乐趣)”可推知，“骑行的乐趣”贯穿全文，是文章的线索，所以“Joy of Wheel (轮子上的快乐)”是最佳标题。故选A项。

8.【浙江省北斗星盟2022-2023学年高三上学期12月联考试题】
From Antarctica to Alaska, our expedition cruises—operated through our alliance with Lindblad Expeditions—bring you to some of the most remote and unspoiled places on the planet.
A Circumnavigation of Iceland
11 DAYS FROM $12,280 Trip Type: Expedition Cruise
Group Size: Max 148 Available Departures: Jul 8-17, 2024 / Jul 17-26, 2024
EXPEDITION OVERVIEW:
1.Enjoy unparalleled access to Iceland’s most remote landscapes, including offshore islands near the Arctic Circle.
2.Capture images of charming lava landscapes, towering waterfalls, and sea birds in flight.
3.Explore Iceland’s coastal geology by Zodiac or kayak. Cruise among the icebergs of the Jökulsárlón ice lagoon(潟湖) in a small boat or go by 4x4 jeep into the highlands of southern Iceland.
Alaska Inside Passage
8 DAYS FROM $7,560 Trip Trip Type: Expedition Cruise
Group Size: Max 98 Available Departures: May 6-11, 2024 / May 21-26-11, 2024
EXPEDITION OVERVIEW:
1. Experience in-depth exploration of icebergs, melting glaciers, and hidden bays with a fleet of expedition landing craft and kayaks.
2. Glimpse Alaska’s seldom-seen marine life alongside our undersea specialist, and listen to communication among whales.
3. Meet members of the Alaska Whale Foundation to learn about the behaviors of the area whale population.
Easter Island to Tahiti
19 DAYS FROM $21,280 Trip Type: Expedition Cruise
Group Size: Max 102 Available Departures: Apr 5-23, 2023 / May 10-25, 2023
EXPEDITION OVERVIEW:
1. Visit Easter Island and dig into a fascinating lost culture, examining ancient burial sites and towering moai(摩埃石像).
2. Snorkel(用通气管潜泳)the unspoiled reefs of Fakarava, part of a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve and identified as one of the healthiest reef systems in the world.
3. Explore the unusual geology of Henderson Island with our naturalists, and seek out the isle’s four local bird species.
Prices vary with departures.Click here to reserve or call 1-888-966-8687.
21．Which destination is suitable for a birdwatcher who is fond of diving ?
A．Antarctica. B．Iceland. C．Alaska. D．Tahiti.
22．What can we learn from the text?
A．All of the routes are taken by sea.
B．All of the routes take more than two weeks.
C．The most expensive route is within $21,280.
D．The group sizes can all reach up to one hundred.
23．Where can the text be found ?
A．A travel brochure. B．A tour website.
C．An entertainment weekly. D．A geography magazine.
【答案】21．D    22．A    23．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些地球上一些最偏远和未被破坏的地方的旅行。
21．细节理解题。根据文章Easter Island to Tahiti这一部分中“Snorkel(用通气管潜泳) the unspoiled reefs of Fakarava, part of a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve and identified as one of the healthiest reef systems in the world (在Fakarava未受破坏的珊瑚礁潜泳，Fakarava是联合国教科文组织生物圈保护区的一部分，被确定为世界上最健康的珊瑚礁系统之一)”以及“Explore the unusual geology of Henderson Island with our naturalists, and seek out the isle’s four local bird species. (与我们的博物学家一起探索亨德森岛不寻常的地质，并寻找岛上的四种当地鸟类)”可知，如果你喜欢鸟类也想潜水，可以前往Tahiti。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据每个项目中的“Expedition Cruise(探险巡航)”以及第一段“From Antarctica to Alaska, our expedition cruises—operated through our alliance with Lindblad Expeditions—bring you to some of the most remote and unspoiled places on the planet (从南极洲到阿拉斯加，我们的探险游轮——通过我们与Lindblad expedition的联盟运营——将您带到地球上一些最偏远和未受破坏的地方)”可知，所有的路线都是走海路。故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Click here to reserve or call 1-888-966-8687(点击这里预约或拨打1-888-966-8687)”可推知，本文选自于一篇旅游网站。故选B。

9.【湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期中】

It is that time of the year, when a handful of world’s leading scholars, social activists and researchers are rewarded with what is often cited as the most prestigious acknowledgement of human effort-the Nobel Prize. Here’s a look at who has won the prize and for what.
Physiology or Medicine
Swedish geneticist Svante Peabo won the first Nobel of the year, for starting the field of ancient DNA studies. He is well-known for extracting, sequencing, and analyzing ancient DNA from Neanderthal bones.
Physics
Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger’s work in quantum (量子) technology landed them the second Nobel Prize announced in 2022. Although Aspect is from France, Clauser from the U.S, and Zeilinger from Austria, the three separately performed “groundbreaking experiments” as one team. “Their results have cleared the way for new technology,” the committee stated.
Chemistry
The Nobel Prize for chemistry went to another trio, Carolyn R. Bertozzi from the U.S., Morten Meldal from Denmark and K. Barry Sharpless from the U.S. “for the development of click chemistry and biorthogonal chemistry,” the committee stated. Dr. Bertozzi is the eighth woman chemist to be awarded the prize, while Dr. Sharpless is the fifth scientist to be awarded two Nobel Prizes.
Economics
The Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to three American economists, Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig “for research on banks and financial crises,” the Nobel Prize committee announced on Monday. By studying the history of American economics, particularly the Great Depression of the 1930s,they improved how we understand the role of banks during times of hardship and the bank’s impact on societal functions.
1．What prize is related to the research with bones?
A．Physiology. B．Chemistry. C．Physics. D．Economics.
2．For what study did Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig win the prize?
A．About societal functions. B．About the history of America.
C．About banks and financial crises. D．About the Great Depression of the 1930s.
3．What do the prizes for physics, chemistry and economics have in common?
A．Their winners are from different countries. B．They have three winners.
C．They improve new technology. D．They help people understand hardship.
【答案】1．A    2．C    3．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四项诺贝尔奖的获得情况。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“He is well-known for extracting, sequencing, and analyzing ancient DNA from Neanderthal bones.(他以从尼安德特人的骨头中提取、测序和分析古代DNA而闻名)”可知，生理学奖项与骨骼研究有关。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to three American economists, Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig “for research on banks and financial crises,” the Nobel Prize committee announced on Monday.(诺贝尔奖委员会周一宣布，经济科学奖授予了三名美国经济学家， Ben S. Bernanke、Douglas W. Diamond和Philip H. Dybvig，以表彰他们“对银行和金融危机的研究”)”可知，Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond和Philip H. Dybvig凭关于银行和金融危机研究获奖。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger’s work in quantum (量子) technology landed them the second Nobel Prize announced in 2022.( Alain Aspect、John F. Clauser和Anton Zeilinger在量子技术方面的工作使他们在2022年获得了第二个诺贝尔奖)”；第四段中“The Nobel Prize for chemistry went to another trio, Carolyn R. Bertozzi from the U.S., Morten Meldal from Denmark and K. Barry Sharpless from the U.S. “for the development of click chemistry and biorthogonal chemistry,” the committee stated. (诺贝尔化学奖授予了另一个三人组，来自美国的Carolyn R. Bertozzi、来自丹麦的Morten Meldal和来自美国的K. Barry Sharpless，他们“因发展了咔嗒化学和双正交化学”，委员会说)”以及最后一段中“The Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to three American economists, Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig “for research on banks and financial crises,” the Nobel Prize committee announced on Monday.(诺贝尔奖委员会周一宣布，经济科学奖授予了三名美国经济学家， Ben S. Bernanke、Douglas W. Diamond和Philip H. Dybvig，以表彰他们“对银行和金融危机的研究”)”可知，物理学奖、化学奖和经济学奖的共同之处是有三个获奖者。故选B。

10.【重庆南开中学2022-2023学年高三上学期质量检测】
Passage 1
Do you love the rush of fear and adrenalin(肾上腺素)youi get from a great roller coaster? From incredible speed to dramatic drops, to head-spinning inversions, there’s something for everybody on our list.
Dodonpa, Fuji-Q Highland-Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan

Dodonpa was the fastest roller coaster in the world when it opened on July 16, 2001, with a top speed of 106 miles per hour(171 km/h). It held this record until 2004 when it was surpassed by Kingda Ka at Six Flags Great Adventure. If you can force your eyes open for a second, you’ll get a great view of Mount Fuji sitting on the horizon.
Dueling Dragons, islands of Adventure in Orlando, Florida

If you’re looking for a heart-pounding coaster experience, look no further than Dueling Dragons. This coaster is a true dueling experience, with two tracks that race side by side at speeds of up to 62 miles per hour. You’ll feel the wind in your hair as you twist and turn your way through the curves and drops of this coaster.
Taron, Phantasialan-Bruhl, Germany

Taron was the world’s tallest and fastest roller coaster when it opened on April 28, 2015. But it’s already a fan favorite, thanks to its unique design that allows riders to experience both forward and backward motion. The coaster is also one of the longest and tallest in Europe. So if you’re looking for a truly unique coaster experience, be sure to check out Taron.
Steel Dragon 2000, Nagashima Spa Land-Kuwana, Japan

The Steel Dragon in Nagashima Spa Land is a marathon ride the world’s longest at 8133 feet of pure adrenalin. The one-minute climb to the top of the first hill will have you twisting and turning in suspense. And the drop that follows? 306 feet straight down. Hang on to your hat this is your introduction to three more minutes of thrills. It is also the tallest steel roller coaster in Japan, with a height of 318 feet.
21．What is special about Dueling Dragons?
A．It provides visitors a magnificent mountain view.
B．It allows two coasters to race side by side.
C．It presents a choice of which direction to travel.
D．It gives visitors a heart-pounding experience.
22．Which of the following is the longest roller coaster in the world?
A．Dodonpa
B．Dueling Dragons
C．Taron
D．Steel Dragon 2000
23．What do we know about the four roller coasters?
A．Dodonpa runs more slowly than Kingda Ka.
B．Dueling Dragons reaches the speed of 171km/h.
C．Taron is the tallest roller coaster in the world.
D．Steel Dragon 2000 is 306 feet in height.
【答案】21．B    22．D    23．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个各具特色的过山车游乐项目。喜欢速度与激情的人们可以去畅快体验。
21．推理判断题。根据介绍Dueling Dragons的第三段“This coaster is a true dueling experience, with two tracks that race side by side at speeds of up to 62 miles per hour. (这个过山车是一种真正的决斗体验，它有两条轨道，以每小时62英里的速度齐头并进)”可知，Dueling Dragons过山车最大的特色，就是它有两条并排的轨道，为游客提供一种双排竞速的刺激感，故选B项。
22．细节理解题。根据介绍Steel Dragon 2000的最后一段“The Steel Dragon in Nagashima Spa Land is a marathon ride the world’s longest at 8133 feet of pure adrenalin. (位于长岛温泉乐园的“钢铁龙”是世界上最长的马拉松式过山车，全长8133英尺，令人兴奋。)”可知，Steel Dragon 2000是世界上轨道最长的过山车，故选D项。
23．推理判断题。根据介绍Taron的第四段“Taron was the world’s tallest and fastest roller coaster when it opened on April 28, 2015. (塔伦于2015年4月28日开放，是世界上最高、最快的过山车)”可知，Taron作为世界上最高的过山车，当之无愧。故选C项。

Passage 2
It was a bright spring afternoon along the Maryland coast, and Jonathan Bauer, a doctor and his daughter, Ava, were taking full advantage of it. They were driving with the windows down as they headed home. Suddenly, the calm was disturbed by the sharp sound of tires.
Not far ahead of them, a black pickup was sliding from one lane to the other. To the Bauers’ horror, it slammed into a concrete barrier, flipped over the SUV directly ahead of them, and came to rest dangling over the railing(栏杆) of the bridge. Bauer hit the brakes in time to avoid the vehicles in his path.
And then a scream came from the pickup. Bauer ran to it. The driver pointed down. In the water was a car seat. A girl, about two years old, was terrified, floating on her back, kicking and splashing and screaming.
Matters quickly went from bad to frightening when the girl rolled over onto her stomach. Bauer waited for the pickup driver to do something, but he didn’t move. Maybe he was in shock.
He held no illusions about his chances jumping from this height into such shallow water. Four feet of depth was the most he could hope for. And were there rocks this close to the concrete pillar(柱子) of the bridge?
He climbed onto the railing and took a leap of faith. A moment later he was bouncing off the sandy bottom-unhurt! Bauer swam to the girl in a few quick strokes and lifted her out of the water: mouth half open, eyes nearly closed, not breathing. Standing, he laid her against his shoulder and hit her back with the flat of his hand. After several attempts, thankfully, her eyes were opened, focused on him. He pulled her close, hugging her to shield her from the cold.
Ava Bauer was so inspired by her father’s actions that four months later she became a firefighter so that she too could save lives.
24．The underlined phrase in Paragraph 1 can be best replaced by ____.
A．bearing
B．expecting
C．enjoying
D．judging
25．What do we know about the accident?
A．Many vehicles rushed into a concrete barrier.
B．A black pickup was crashed into by a SUV.
C．Ava got seriously injured in the accident.
D．Bauer managed to stop his car just in time.
26．What made Bauer’s jump very dangerous?
A．The lack of faith in his jump.
B．Not knowing how deep the water was.
C．The hard objects in the shallow water.
D．The little girl’s being unable to swim.
27．How did Bauer bring the girl back to life?
A．By forcing out the choking water.
B．By protecting her from getting cold.
C．By breathing fresh air into her mouth.
D．By dragging her out of the water quickly.
【答案】24．C    25．D    26．C    27．A
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了医生Jonathan Bauer和女儿Ava在开车回家的路上，遇到了一起车祸，Jonathan英勇地救活了一个两岁左右的小女孩的故事。
24．词义猜测题。根据第一段“It was a bright spring afternoon ”（这是一个明媚的春日下午）和“Suddenly, the calm was disturbed by the sharp sound of tires.”（突然，一阵尖锐的轮胎声打破了平静。）可知，当天阳光明媚，和平安静，所以Jonathan和女儿应该是很惬意的；可推知划线词所在句应该是指他们是在充分享受当时的环境的。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段“Bauer hit the brakes in time to avoid the vehicles in his path.”（Bauer及时刹车，避开了路上的车辆。）可知，Bauer设法及时停了车。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据第五段“He held no illusions about his chances jumping from this height into such shallow water. ”（他对从这么高的地方跳进这么浅的水里的机会不抱任何幻想。）和“And were there rocks this close to the concrete pillar(柱子) of the bridge?”（桥的混凝土柱子附近有岩石吗?）可知，水很浅，水里有可能会有一些岩石类的坚硬的物体，Bauer从上面跳下来有可能会撞到这些岩石上，这样就会有危险。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Standing, he laid her against his shoulder and hit her back with the flat of his hand. After several attempts, thankfully, her eyes were opened, focused on him. ”（他站起来，把她靠在肩上，用手掌拍她的背。经过几次尝试，谢天谢地，她睁开了眼睛，盯着他。）可知，在孩子溺水后，他用手掌拍她的背，是为了把呛入的水拍出来，这样孩子就得救了。故选A。