资料中包含下列文件，点击文件名可预览资料内容
还剩18页未读，
继续阅读
专题 01 阅读理解 （应用文、记叙文） --新高考八省名校联考高一英语期末试题汇编
展开
这是一份专题 01 阅读理解 （应用文、记叙文） --新高考八省名校联考高一英语期末试题汇编，文件包含专题01阅读理解应用文记叙文--新高考八省名校联考高一英语期末试题汇编解析版docx、专题01阅读理解应用文记叙文--新高考八省名校联考高一英语期末试题汇编原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共52页， 欢迎下载使用。
专题 01 阅读理解（应用文、记叙文）
--2023年新高考八省名校联考高一英语期末试题汇编
（解析版）
1.【重庆市南开中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中试题】
A
Four Books about Super Scientists
You’ll find the lives of these top minds to be as inspiring as they are exciting in the following books.
The Extraordinary Life of Alan Turing
Second World War code-breaker Alan Turing features on the Bank of England’s new £50 note as a computer pioneer. This biography follows him from his childhood as a quiet boy who loved maths to becoming one of the most important scientists in history.
100 Scientists Who Made History
Bringing together mini-biographies of 100 scientists and innovators, this book will give you an overview of the history of science. Including astronauts, biologists, chemists, coders, doctors and physicists, it features fun facts about everyone from Hippocrates and Leonardo da Vinci through to Marie Curie and Stephen Hawking.
Rosalind Franklin: A Life Story
Rosalind Franklin was the scientist whose contribution to a crucial discovery in DNA — the chemical that tells your body how to grow and develop — was not recognized until after her death. This book shines a light on the extraordinary story of her life and achievements, using timelines, illustrations and fascinating facts.
40 Inspiring Icons: Super Scientists
Each part of this colourful illustrated book introduces you to a different “super scientist” and their discoveries. This is a fun and easy way to learn about all sorts of ideas, including Louis Pasteur’s vaccinations and Ada Lovelace’s invention of mysterious codes.
21．Whose contribution was recognised after death?
A．Marie Curie’s. B．Louis Pasteur’s. C．Rosalind Franklin’s. D．Stephen Hawking’s.
22．Which book will attract readers who are interested in computer science?
A．Rosalind Franklin: A Life Story B．100 Scientists Who Made History
C．40 Inspiring Icons: Super Scientists D．The Extraordinary Life of Alan Turing
23．Where can the text probably be found?
A．In a novel. B．In a magazine. C．In a biography. D．In a diary.
【答案】21．C 22．D 23．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本与顶级科学家相关的书籍。
21．细节理解题。根据标题“Rosalind Franklin: A Life Story”项下内容“Rosalind Franklin was the scientist whose contribution to a crucial discovery in DNA — the chemical that tells your body how to grow and develop — was not recognized until after her death. (Rosalind Franklin是一位科学家，她对DNA的重要发现作出了贡献——告诉你的身体如何生长和发育的化学物质——但直到她去世后才被承认。)”可知Rosalind Franklin的贡献在她去世后才被承认；故选C项。
22．细节理解题。根据标题“The Extraordinary Life of Alan Turing”项下内容“Second World War code-breaker Alan Turing features on the Bank of England’s new £50 note as a computer pioneer. This biography follows him from his childhood as a quiet boy who loved maths to becoming one of the most important scientists in history. (第二次世界大战的密码破译员Alan Turing是英格兰银行新发行的50英镑钞票上的一位计算机先驱。这本传记记录了他从一个喜欢数学的安静的小男孩到成为历史上最重要的科学家之一的经历。)”可知这本书是讲述一个历史上伟大的计算机科学家Alan Turing的事迹，故推知这本书会吸引对计算机科学感兴趣的读者；故选D项。
23．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了四本与顶级科学家相关的书籍，让读者大致了解了每本书的主要内容和书中所记载的那些科学家及他们的发明；故推知本文可能出自于一篇杂志；故选B项。
B
Nate had spent most of his seventy years in the woods. As a young man, he had the alternative of working in the city with his brother. But he decided that urban life was not for him. He preferred to isolate himself from others and find shelter in nature from the crowds and noise of the city. He was more than willing to give up such advantages as flush toilets and electric blankets for the joy of watching a sunrise illuminate the frozen pines.
Because Nate had lived alone for so long, his behavior was unpredictable. For example, one minute he’d be very quiet, and the next he’d talk about his youth. His knowledge of nature was extensive, and so I learned much from him through the years.
I will tell you an interesting story that shows how wise he was about the woods and how miserly (吝啬的) he could be with words. One evening Nate, my cousin Arthur, and I were crossing a grassland. Arthur’s interest in some little white mushrooms that were growing there led to this dialogue:
“These mushrooms look so good,” said Arthur. “Did you ever use them, Nate?”
“Yep,” said Nate. “My mom used to cook them up.”
“Great!” said Arthur. Nate’s words seemed to strengthen Arthur s desire for those mushrooms. He gathered about a hundred of them. “How did she prepare them?” he asked Nate.
“Cooked them up in sugar water.”
“Really? And then you ate them that way?”
“Ate them?” Nate was horrified. “You crazy? We used to put them in a bowl on the table to kill flies!”
24．Which can make Nate happier?
A．Working in the city. B．Quitting flush toilets.
C．Using electric blankets. D．Enjoying sunrises in the woods.
25．Nate is a man with ________.
A．ambition B．courage C．knowledge D．imagination
26．What do we know about the white mushrooms?
A．They were delicious. B．Nate ate them very often.
C．They might be poisonous. D．Arthur’s mother used to cook them.
27．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Far From Nature B．White Mushrooms C．Nate the Woodsman D．Advantages of Urban Life
【答案】24．D 25．C 26．C 27．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，常年生活在森林的内特有一天和作者及作者表弟亚瑟正在穿越一片草地，亚瑟问小白蘑菇能不能吃，然而亚瑟误解了内特的回答，侧面反映内特对森林是多么明智，对语言是多么吝啬。
24．细节理解题。由第一段中的“But he decided that urban life was not for him. He preferred to isolate himself from others and find shelter in nature from the crowds and noise of the city. He was more than willing to give up such advantages as flush toilets and electric blankets for the joy of watching a sunrise illuminate the frozen pines. (但他决定城市生活不适合他。他宁愿把自己与他人隔离开来，在大自然中寻找庇护，远离人群和城市的喧嚣。他非常愿意放弃冲水马桶和电热毯等优势，去享受看日出照亮冰冻松树的喜悦)”可知，在树林里享受日出能让内特更快乐。故选D项。
25．细节理解题。由第二段中的“His knowledge of nature was extensive, and so I learned much from him through the years. (他对自然的了解非常广泛，所以这些年来我从他那里学到了很多东西)”可知，内特是个很有知识的人。故选C项。
26．推理判断题。由最后一段中的“We used to put them in a bowl on the table to kill flies!”(我们曾经把蘑菇放在桌子上的碗里，用来杀苍蝇！)”可知，蘑菇可以用来杀苍蝇，可得出蘑菇有毒。故选C项。
27．主旨大意题。第一段讲“常年生活在森林的内特喜欢自然，不喜欢城市生活”，第二段讲“内特的一些品质（行为无法预测和知识广博）”，第三段和后文对话通过“蘑菇是否能吃”反映内特对森林是多么明智，对语言是多么吝啬，全文围绕主人翁内特展开，C项“林居者内特”能概括全文。故选C项。
2.【辽宁省实验中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中试卷】
Parenting Skills Passed Down
My parents taught that a life devoted to helping others is one full of purpose and meaning. I’m a physician and have worked with the homeless community for 11 years. I’ m also a mom to a boy who loves bike racing. Every time a rider fell or crashed, he’d stop and wait until they got up. He lost the race but won at being a good human.
—Sara Doorley Tijeras, New Mexico
I started a band as a high-school freshman with my brother’ s baritone horn (次中音号). I didn’t have previous lessons, so it was much harder for me. When I told my mom I was quitting, she told me to keep on trying. In due time I absolutely loved the band. Years later, my daughter Sheena was in the band, using the same baritone. One day, she, too, said she was quitting, and I told her not. She kept at it and came to love it too.
—Janet Brandes Collins, Wisconsin
I grew up as a tomboy (假小子). My mother occasionally told me to let the boys win, because they wouldn’t like me if I always beat them, so I did. My daughter is also quite athletic but has never heard those words. I tell her she’s as good as those boys and to do her best and win. And she has. She has grown up very confident and is even more broadly admired for her determination. What a difference a generation makes.
—Klari Frederick Linden, Michigan
I built an arcade machine (街机) with my son. I loved arcades as a kid, and my dad and I are software developers. Plus, it’s a good lesson: If you want something, build it! It’s bonding when we help the other player get out of a corner the bad guys have backed them into.
—Joe Hocking Highland Park, Illinois
1．What life lesson does Janet Brandes Collins teach her kid?
A．Never give up.
B．Be confident and humble.
C．Helping others is important and great.
D．Build what you want with your own hands.
2．Who has a different way of education from her/ his parents?
A．Sara Doorley Tijeras. B．Janet Brandes Collins.
C．Klari Frederick Linden. D．Joe Hocking Highland Park.
3．What is Joe Hocking Highland Park’s father?
A．A teacher. B．A musician.
C．An athlete. D．A software developer.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了几种育人方法。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Years later, my daughter Sheena was in the band, using the same baritone. One day, she, too, said she was quitting, and I told her not. ”（多年后，我的女儿希娜加入了乐队，用的是同样的男中音。有一天，她也说她要放弃，我告诉她不要）可知。珍妮特·布兰德斯·柯林斯给她的孩子上的人生课是永远不要放弃。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“I grew up as a tomboy (假小子). My mother occasionally told me to let the boys win, because they wouldn’t like me if I always beat them, so I did. My daughter is also quite athletic but has never heard those words. I tell her she’s as good as those boys and to do her best and win. And she has. She has grown up very confident and is even more broadly admired for her determination. ”（我从小就是个假小子。我母亲偶尔告诉我要让男孩们赢，因为如果我总是打败他们，他们会不喜欢我的，所以我就这么做了。我女儿也很喜欢运动，但从来没听过这些话。我告诉她，她和那些男孩一样优秀，要尽最大努力去赢得胜利。她这么做了。她长大后非常自信，她的决心更广受赞赏。）可知，Klari Frederick Linden与父母的教育方式不同。故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段“my dad and I are software developers”（我爸爸和我是软件开发人员）可知，Joe Hocking Highland Park的父亲是一个软件开发人员。故选D。
3.【辽宁省沈阳市级重点高中联合体2022-2023学年高一上学期期中检测】
A
If you are looking for apps to learn English for studying abroad, you might be confused. There are so many apps to choose from. How can you decide which English language learning app is right for you? Our list of top four favourite appe to improve your English will help.
Hello English — Best app for middle learners
If you already understand the basics but want to improve your English, this app is for you. Hello English starts with a language test, and then serves up English lessons based on your test results. Hello English supports learners with 23 native languages and lets you play games,watch videos and listen to audio books,too.
Free versions available for iOS, Android and Windows.
FluentU-Best media-based app
This app sources English-language videos from the real world — including news,music videos and commercials (商业)— to help you learn English. Interactive captions (字幕) allow you to tap any word and see more information about it.
Free trial (试用) and paid monthly subscriptions available for Android and iOS.
Rosetta Stone — Most multi-use app
This award-winning English language learning app teaches vocabulary and English grammar. Rosetta Stone includes lessons on pronunciation so you can improve your English accent. You can also download audio lessons to learn offline.
Free trial and paid versions available for Android,i0S and Windows.
Duolingo — Most fun app
This personalised English-learning app turns studying into a game. Earn virtual coins to unlock new levels and spend them on fun upgrades. An animated owl (动画猫头离) keeps you company and encourages you as you learn. When you have questions, get help from fellow students inside the app using the Duolingo message boards.
Free and paid versions available for Android, iOS and Windows.
1．What can we learn about Hello English?
A．The users can’t play games.
B．It may not suit English beginners.
C．It provides lessons without a language test.
D．The users can chat with 23 native speakers.
2．Which app best suits those who want to practise pronunciation?
A．Hello English. B．Duolingo.
C．Rosetta Stone. D．FluentU.
3．What is special about Duolingo?
A．It only has the paid version.
B．The users must pay in cash to upgrade.
C．An owl can answer questions of the users.
D．It combines English learning with entertainment.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四种最受欢迎的提高英语的应用程序。
1．细节理解题。根据“Hello English — Best app for middle learners”部分中的“If you already understand the basics but want to improve your English, this app is for you.(如果你已经理解了基础，但想提高你的英语，这个应用程序适合你)”可知，Hello English可能不适合英语初学者。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Rosetta Stone — Most multi-use app”部分中的“Rosetta Stone includes lessons on pronunciation so you can improve your English accent.(Rosetta Stone包括发音课程，这样你就可以改善你的英语口音)”可知，Rosetta Stone最适合那些想要练习发音的人。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“Duolingo — Most fun app”部分中的“This personalised English-learning app turns studying into a game. Earn virtual coins to unlock new levels and spend them on fun upgrades.(这款个性化的英语学习应用程序将学习变成了一场游戏。赚取虚拟货币来解锁新关卡，并将其用于有趣的升级)”可知，Duolingo把英语学习和娱乐结合了起来。故选D。
B
Every day for a week, a strange, happy visitor would drop to play with Vanessa Prior’s pet dog Bobby. Prior thought Bobby had made a new dog friend. It seemed very friendly and got well along with Bobby. They would run after each other, play on the pool cover, gently wrestle (摔跤) or nap side by side.
At first she thought it was a wild dog. But when she posted a photo of the two playing on her Facebook, a pet rescue centre called her. The group told her the Atlanta Wolf Project had been trying to catch the wolf for months, but they failed. Prior gave them new hope.
Because of the wolfs friendship with her pet dog, it was likely to come back to her backyard. Researchers hoped Prior could help them. When they put some traps (陷阱) in the back of her yard, Prior got a very complicated (复杂的) feeling. She couldn’t describe what it was. The wolf would be in a safe place, but she would do something that harmed Bobby’s feelings.
Researchers told Prior that they would take the rare, black wolf to the Yellow River Wildlife Sanctuary where it would live with another wolf. They didn’t think it a satisfying situation for a wild animal like a wolf to have a connection with humans’ life. They need to keep a natural awareness to humans and pets and keep to themselves.
Wolf experts added they would look into the genetics of the animal to try to learn why it liked to get close to people and tried to play with their pets. Some experts believe it could have a history with well-meaning humans. Prior had not expected that she and Bobby should meet such a special and lovely wolf. They just hoped the dear friend all the best.
4．What happened to Vanessa Prior according to the first two paragraphs?
A．She didn’t like her dog’s new friend.
B．She was awarded for her helpful picture.
C．She realised her dog made friends with a wolf.
D．She called the pet rescue centre to catch the wolf.
5．How did Prior feel when some traps were set?
A．She was afraid to lose Bobby.
B．She regretted helping the researchers.
C．She was worried about the wolf’s future.
D．She had bittersweet feelings about the wolf.
6．What can be inferred about the black wolf from the last two paragraphs?
A．It is a kind and sociable animal.
B．It was once kept as a human pet.
C．It will be sent to the wild to live with other animals.
D．It has a great awareness of distancing itself from humans.
7．Where can the passage most probably appear?
A．In a medical report. B．In a travel leaflet.
C．In a nature magazine. D．In a scientific research.
【答案】4．C 5．D 6．A 7．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Vanessa Prior的宠物狗Bobby和一只狼成为了朋友，宠物救援中心看到了她在Facebook上的照片后，联系到了她，准备捕捉这只狼，并将其带到保护区中生活。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Prior thought Bobby had made a new dog friend.(Prior还以为Bobby交了个新的狗狗朋友)”及第二段中“But when she posted a photo of the two playing on her Facebook, a pet rescue centre called her. The group told her the Atlanta Wolf Project had been trying to catch the wolf for months, but they failed.(但当她在脸书上发布了一张两只狗玩耍的照片时，一家宠物救援中心给她打了电话。该组织告诉她，‘亚特兰大狼计划’几个月来一直试图捕捉这只狼，但他们失败了)”可知，起初Prior以为那是一只野狗，但当她在Facebook上发布了它们玩耍的照片后，一家宠物救援中心给她打电话，Vanessa Prior才意识到她的狗和一只狼成了朋友。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段中“When they put some traps (陷阱) in the back of her yard, Prior got a very complicated(复杂的) feeling.(当他们在她的后院放了一些陷阱时，Prior有一种非常复杂的感觉)”可知，当他们设置陷阱时，Prior对狼有苦乐参半的复杂感觉。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Wolf experts added they would look into the genetics of the animal to try to learn why it liked to get close to people and tried to play with their pets. Some experts believe it could have a history with well-meaning humans.(狼类专家补充说，他们将研究这种动物的基因，试图了解为什么它喜欢接近人类，并试图与人类的宠物玩耍。一些专家认为它可能与善意的人类有一段历史)”可推知，这只黑狼善良且善于交际。故选A。
7．推理判断题。文章主要讲述了Vanessa Prior的宠物狗Bobby和一只狼成为了朋友的故事。由此推知，本文可能出现在自然杂志上。故选C。
4.【江苏省常州一中2022-2023学年高一上学期期中试题】
A
Staying positive has been tough in the past year. Since the pandemic began, three times as many American adults have reported cases of anxiety compared with 2019.Thankfully,here are three ways to improve your relationship with the person in the mirror.
Engage in Smarter Self-talk
In his lab at the University of Michigan, Kross asks subjects to talk to themselves in the second person, and to use their own name. Instead of saying,“I'm so nervous about this meeting on Tuesday,”say,“(Your name),you seem pretty nervous about this meeting."Kross's research shows that this simple change in language gets people into problem-solving mode quicker.
Repeat a Task You're Good At
When Canadian psychologist Patrick Keelan's helping people with low self-respect, he suggests they regularly take part in activities that use or improve their skills. According to a 14-year study of 7,000 volunteers, you can increase your self-respect at every age if you know you can do well in what you are interested in.
Look back
While some research suggests happiness increases with age, studies also suggest that self-respect reaches the highest point at age 60, then reduces. In a 2015 study from Iran, a group of men who lost their wives 60 and over shared memories of the events and life lessons that had shaped their lives. This “encouraged a sense of identity （身份） and a positive contribution to the next generation,” the researchers reported. So, look back by looking through a photo album with loved ones or playing music that reminds you of meaningful moments.
1．What does the underlined word “subjects” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Lessons offered in the university.
B．Modes helping solve the problem.
C．People(taking part in the experiment.)
D．Researchers performing the experiment.
2．Which way would be helpful if an elder lost the beloved?
A．The first one. B．The second one. C．The third one. D．None.
3．All the three ways are __________.
A．science-backed B．advanced. C．challenging D．task-based
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在疫情期间和自己更好的相处的三种方式。
1．词句猜测题。文章中本次出现的语境是研究者做实验，这个词含义是“实验对象”，根据下文中的“talk to themselves in the second person, and to use their own name. ”（让他们用第二人称自言自语），可知是指参加实验的人。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据最后一段“ In a 2015 study from Iran, a group of men who lost their wives 60 and over shared memories of the events and life lessons that had shaped their lives. This “encouraged a sense of identity （身份） and a positive contribution to the next generation,” the researchers reported. ”（在伊朗2015年的一项研究中，一群60岁及以上失去妻子的男人分享了塑造他们生活的事件和人生教训的记忆。 这“鼓励了一种认同感和对下一代的积极贡献，”研究人员报告说 ）可知如果长者失去至爱，第三种方法Look back对他们是有用的。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。第一种方法中提到了“In his lab ”（在他的实验室里），第二种方法中提到“ psychologist ”（心理学家），第三种方法提到“ study from Iran”（伊朗的研究）。因此可知这三项都是有专业人士参加的，科学验证的方法。故选A项。
B
Getting to Antarctica is not easy. The few who are lucky enough to visit this most mysterious continent do so by ships. To reach Antarctica, ships must pass through a notoriously violent area of ocean called the Drake Passage, considered to be the roughest stretch of sea on the planet.
Walls of water thirty, sometimes forty feet high continually crashed about our ship for two solid days. We would hold on to a rope inside the ship while being violently tipped to one extreme side, then to the other, and then back again. My daughter Claire and I were as mentally prepared as we could be.
About two and a half days after entering the Drake Passage, the waters calmed. Soon, we noticed small black spots on nearby pieces of floating ice. Emperor penguins! Then, we began the two-mile hike over the ice to the penguin colony. Within several hundred yards, little clusters of emperors, perhaps ten or so at a time, greeted us, sliding on their bellies and making their wonderful noises, sort of a nasally squeal.
One day two adult emperors with their three chicks in-tow approached Claire, who was resting on the ice. They left the chicks with her, as if she were the babysitter. Twenty minutes later they returned to collect the chicks. And I will never forget the penguin that, when I jokingly asked which way back to the helicopters, pointed a wing in the correct direction. Every night aboard our safe and warm ship, we thought about what it takes to survive in Antarctica, an incredibly harsh place.
But each day on the ice, we also thought about the Drake passage, that monstrous body of water we had to endure to get where we were. Over the course of our visit, we came to respect the power of that sea. We still talk about the penguins, as I’m sure we always will. But we talk about the Drake too. Both experiences were unforgettable, and one would not have bee possible without the other.
4．What does the word notoriously mean in paragraph 1?
A．Frequently traveled. B．Hard to locate.
C．Recognized negatively. D．Aimlessly sailed.
5．Which of the flowing best describe the voyage in the Drake passage?
A．Tough. B．Complicated.
C．Smooth. D．Boring.
6．What does the author mostly focuses on penguins when describing them?
A．Dependence on one another.
B．Collecting their baby chicks in time.
C．Ability to survive in their environment.
D．Friendly and entertaining behavior.
7．What did the author most likely gain from his experience?
A．An awareness of the types of activities his daughter enjoys.
B．An understanding of how animals survive in cold climates.
C．An increased respect for the power of nature.
D．An interest in other journeys that involve physical challenges.
【答案】4．C 5．A 6．D 7．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和女儿去南极洲的路程中成功穿越德雷克海峡，并最终看到了帝企鹅。
4．词句猜测题。根据下文“considered to be the roughest stretch of sea on the planet. (它被认为是地球上最汹涌的海域)”可知，要到达南极洲，船只必须经过一片以波涛汹涌著称的海域——德雷克海峡。划线单词notoriously为“臭名昭著地；声名狼藉地”。选项A. “Frequently traveled. (经常旅游)”；选项B. “Hard to locate (很难找到)”；选项C. “Recognized negatively. (负面公认的)”；选项D. “Aimlessly sailed. (漫无目的地航行)”。选择项C与划线词含义最为相似。故选C。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段“Walls of water thirty, sometimes forty feet high continually crashed about our ship for two solid days. We would hold on to a rope inside the ship while being violently tipped to one extreme side, then to the other, and then back again. (三十英尺，有时四十英尺高的水墙，在整整两天的时间里，不断地在我们的船上撞击。我们会紧紧抓住船内的一根绳子，同时被猛烈地向一边倾斜，然后向另一边倾斜，然后又回到一边)”可推断，德雷克海峡非常难穿越。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段“Within several hundred yards, little clusters of emperors, perhaps ten or so at a time, greeted us, sliding on their bellies and making their wonderful noises, sort of a nasally squeal. (在几百码之内，一群群的帝王企鹅，一次大概有10只左右，向我们打招呼，它们用肚子滑来滑去，发出美妙的声音，像是一种带鼻音的尖叫)”以及第四段“And I will never forget the penguin that, when I jokingly asked which way back to the helicopters, pointed a wing in the correct direction. (我永远不会忘记，当我开玩笑地问那只企鹅回直升机的路时，它把翅膀指向了正确的方向)”可推断，作者在描述帝王企鹅时，重点描述了这些企鹅的友好和有趣的行为。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Over the course of our visit, we came to respect the power of that sea.(在我们的访问过程中，我们开始尊重大海的力量)”可知，作者的这次南极洲之旅，使作者更加尊重自然的力量。故选C。
5.【江苏省百校2022-2023学年高一12月大联考英语试卷】
Before I can tell you what happened to me, you first must learn about my job: perform underwater repairs. As you know, my office lies at the bottom of the sea. I wear a suit to office. It’s a wet suit.
This time of year the water is quite cool. So what we do to keep warm is a water heater. This $20,000 piece of equipment that sucks the water out of the sea. It heats it to a delightful temperature. It then pumps it down to the diver(潜水员) through a garden pipe.
Now, this all sounds like a wonderful plan, and I’ve used it several times.
What I do when I get to the bottom is take the pipe and stuff it down the back of my wet suit. This floods my whole suit with warm water. It’s fantastic.
Everything was going well until all of a sudden, my butt(屁股) started to itch(痒). So, of course, I scratched it. This, of course, only made things worse. Within a few seconds my butt started to feel hot. I pulled the pipe out from my back, thinking that maybe the water was too hot, but the damage was done.
In pain, I realized what had happened. The hot water machine had sucked up a jellyfish(水母) and pumped it directly into my suit. Now, since I don’t have any hair on my back, the jellyfish couldn’t stick to it.
I immediately informed the dive director of my situation over the communicator. His reply was unclear due to the fact that he, along with five other divers, were all laughing hysterically.
Needless to say, I gave up the dive. As I climbed out of the water, the doctor, with tears of laughter running down his face, handed me a tube of cream and told me to rub it on my butt. The cream put the fire out, but I couldn’t poop(排泄) for two days because my bottom was swollen.
So, next time you’re having a bad day at work, think about how much worse it would be if you had a jellyfish shoved up your bottom.
Now repeat to yourself, “I love my job, I love my job, I love my job.” May you NEVER have a jellyfish bad day.
4．What is the writer?
A．A surfer. B．A swimmer. C．An officer. D．A repairman.
5．What happened to the writer under the sea?
A．He was bitten by a strange fish. B．The hot water burned his butt.
C．His skin was cut by something. D．A jellyfish was attached to his back.
6．Why didn’t the director make his reply clear?
A．Because the doctor put in a word.
B．Because he didn’t intend to help him.
C．Because his voice mixed with laughter.
D．Because voice ran slower under the sea.
7．Which of the following can best describe the writer?
A．Positive and humorous. B．Kind and friendly.
C．Helpful and honest. D．Grateful and selfless.
【答案】4．D 5．D 6．C 7．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过描述自己的屁股被水母蜇了之后特别痛苦的经历来鼓励读者，要用积极的心态面对生活。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“you first must learn about my job: perform underwater repairs.(你必须先了解我的工作：在水下修理。)”可知，作者是一个修理工。故选D项。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“I pulled the pipe out from my back, thinking that maybe the water was too hot, but the damage was done.(我把管子从背后拔了出来，以为可能是水太热了，但伤害已经造成了。)”和第六段“In pain, I realized what had happened. The hot water machine had sucked up a jellyfish and pumped it directly into my suit.(在痛苦中，我意识到发生了什么。热水机吸走了一只水母。)”可知，作者把管子从背部拔出来之后，把一只水母吸进了自己的潜水衣的背部。故选D项。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第七段“His reply was unclear due to the fact that he, along with five other divers, were all laughing hysterically.(他的回答听不清楚，因为他和其他五名潜水员都在歇斯底里地笑。)”可知，主任的回答听不清楚是因为掺杂着笑声。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“So, next time you’re having a bad day at work, think about how much worse it would be if you had a jellyfish shoved up your bottom.(所以，下次你工作不顺的时候，想想如果你的屁股那有一只水母，情况会有多糟。)”可知，作者的语言诙谐幽默。由文章最后一段“Now repeat to yourself, “I love my job, I love my job, I love my job.” May you NEVER have a jellyfish bad day.(现在重复对自己说：“我爱我的工作，我爱我的工作，我爱我的工作。”愿你永远不会有像水母那样糟糕的一天。)”可知，作者热爱工作，工作和生活态度积极。所以总的来说，作者是积极、幽默的。故选A项。
6.【湖北华中师范大学附中2022-2023学高一上学期期中试题】
A
The 2021 Barbara Mandigo Kelly Peace Poetry Awards
The awards contest (奖赛) is to encourage people to explore peace and the human spirit. There are three agecategories (类型): Adult (19&over), Youth (13-18), and Youth (12&under). The yearly contest is open to people worldwide. Your poems must be unpublished (未发表的), and in English.
Deadline
All entries (参赛作品) must be submitted (提交) by July 1, 2021.
Entry Fee
Adults--$15
Youth (13-18)--$5
Youth (12 & under)--no fee
Notes
1. You may submit up to three unpublished poems. At most 30 lines per poem.
2. Include name, address, email, telephone number, and age in the upper right-hand corner of each poem. For the Youth (12 & under) category, please also include your school’s name and your teacher’s name.
3. Title each poem.
4. Please keep copies of all entries as we will be unable to return.
5. Email your entries to: cwarner@napf.org and Click here to pay our entry fee online; or send your entries and entry fee to Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, 1622 Anacapa Street, Santa Barbara, CA 93101.
Awards
Adult Winner--$1,000
Youth (13-18) Winner--$200
Youth (12 & under) Winner--$200
Winners will be announced by October 1, 2021 on our website. Winners will be notified by email and/or mail. Past years’ winning poems can be found here.
1．What can we learn about the contest?
A．It includes two categories.
B．It is held. every three years.
C．It only accepts poems in English.
D．It is open to people aged 12 and over.
2．To enter the contest, a 12-year-old boy must ______.
A．pay an entry fee of $5
B．write a poem of at least 30 lines
C．submit his entry by October 1, 2021
D．include his teacher’s name in his entry
3．What will an adult winner get?
A．$200 in prize money.
B．$1,000 in prize money.
C．A collection of this year’s winning poems.
D．A collection of past year’s winning poems.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2021年芭芭拉·曼迪戈·凯利和平诗歌奖的参赛要求和奖项设置。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Your poems must be unpublished (未发表的), and in English.( 你的诗必须是英文的，且未发表。)”可知，这次比赛只接受未发表的英文诗歌。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Notes中“For the Youth (12 & under) category, please also include your school’s name and your teacher’s name.( 对于青少年(12岁及以下)类别，请同时填写学校名称和教师姓名。)”可知， 12岁的男孩参加比赛，其作品必须包括他老师的名字。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第四行“Adult Winner--$1,000”可知，成年获奖者将会获得1000美元的奖励。故选B。
B
Leek Town Warriors was a girls’ football team Which used to get routinely defeated every time they turned out, until James Henry stepped in two years ago. He took the job when the previous coach quit and transformed the team’s fortunes.With the help of his assistant Andy Austin, they started training hard in April 2020.
Some players had never kicked a football before joining the team, so training them took hours of hard work and patience. After a good few weeks, they got down to training and really started to take it in what the coach wanted. “I insist on doing the basic stuff well and letting the girls decide what they feel they need to work on.” James said.
James’ first season was ruined by the pandemic, which forced him and Andy to get creative with training. They organized team-building activities with the girls to help them bond on and off the field. James then spent the sessions they could hold focusing on the basics of football like passing and shooting, bringing the girls up to a good standard.
James watched the girls develop over the course of last year, and in September they played their first match of the new season. They won the game, and since then went on an unbeaten run of eight games. The team’s star player, 15-year-old Chelsea, has also impressed the audience individually,becoming the top scorer in the league with incredible 30 goals.
James said, “All the effort that the girls, us coaches and parents have put in to get this point has been enormous. If I hadn’t had the Support of Andy helping me every week, this would have been an impossible task. So I’m incredibly grateful to have him on side. All we want is to bring more girls into the game and show that it’s not all about having the best players; it’s about hard work and giving everyone the chance to play.”
4．Why did James Henry take over the soccer team?
A．Because he wanted to try his fortune.
B．Because he wanted to turn things around.
C．Because the previous coach recommended him.
D．Because he hoped to fulfill his champion dream.
5．What did James do to change the situation?
A．Pick experienced players.
B．Develop players’ patience.
C．Lay stress on basic skills.
D．Make decisions for the girls.
6．What did the team achieve after James was in charge?
A．They won the league championship.
B．They stood out in James’ first season.
C．They scored 30 goals in the season.
D．They won regularly and secured promotion.
7．What can we learn from the story?
A．Talent is the key.
B．Joint efforts matter.
C．Every dog has his day.
D．Time and tide wait for no man.
【答案】4．B 5．C 6．D 7．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了利克镇勇士女子足球队在詹姆斯·亨利教练的带领下，夯实基础技能，共同努力，成为了连胜八场的明星足球队的故事。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“He took the job when the previous coach quit and transformed the team’s fortunes.(前任教练辞职后，他接受了这份工作，改变了球队的命运)”可知，詹姆斯·亨利是在当时球队遭遇长期失败，一片惨淡的情况下，接受了教练的职位。由此推知，詹姆斯·亨利接管足球队是想扭转球队的局面，让其变得更好。故选B项。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段最后詹姆斯说的话“I insist on doing the basic stuff well and letting the girls decide what they feel they need to work on.(我坚持要基本的事情做好，让女孩们自己决定她们需要做什么)”可知，詹姆斯注重足球基本技能的训练，也不会为女孩们做决定。故选C项。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“James watched the girls develop over the course of last year, and in September they played their first match of the new season. They won the game, and since then went on an unbeaten run of eight games.(詹姆斯看着女孩们在去年的比赛中成长，并在9月份参加了新赛季的第一场比赛。他们赢了这场比赛，此后连续八场不败)”可知，詹姆斯当教练之后，女孩们正式参加比赛就持续获得了胜利，这是球队在詹姆斯的带领下实现的成就。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段最后一句“All we want is to bring more girls into the game and show that it’s not all about having the best players; it’s about hard work and giving everyone the chance to play. (我们想要的只是让更多的女孩加入到足球运动中，并表明这并不意味着拥有最好的球员；这是关于努力，给每个人机会去比赛)”可知，在足球比赛中获得成功，不是由天赋好的球员或者最佳的球员决定的，而是努力奋斗、共同合作。由此可知，我们可以从这个故事中学到，共同努力很重要。故选B项。
7.【河北省石家庄二中2022-2023学年度高一年级上学期期中试题】
A
Thinking of where to travel next? Check out these top destinations and pick your favorites!
Portugal
If you are looking for a cost-effective destination that is safe and has a lot of attractions and activities, Portugal is definitely the place to go. Portugal was recently recognized as the best European destination at the World Travel Awards. Some of the main places to visit in Portugal include the capital city of Lisbon and the city of Porto at a cost unmatched in Europe. Portugal is also one of the safest destinations in Europe and is becoming very popular with travelers; you need to visit it before the crowds take over!
Iceland
If you are looking for a destination that provides exciting adventures to visit, Iceland surely fits the bill any time of the year. You can take part in glacier (冰川) hiking, experience the Northern Lights around the country and enjoy the lively nightlife in its capital Reykjavik. You will not have a boring moment in Iceland!
Ireland
If you want to get away from the large crowds of Europe but still enjoy amazing food, history, road trips and nature, Ireland is the destination for you. The destination provides great value for visitors and a very relaxing environment.
Warning: you may have to give way to sheep on the road!
South Africa
If you ask children what their favorite animal is, lions and giraffes must be on the top ten list. Then ask them if they’d like to see them for real! The thought of Africa as a family holiday destination might be a bit scary if you’ve never been there, so why not make South Africa your first adventure into this amazing land? With beautiful beaches, great weather and all those favorite wild animals, you’ll also find South Africa can be budget (预算) friendly as well.
1．What can we learn from the second paragraph?
A．Portugal is a safe place to visit.
B．Tourists will not feel crowded in Portugal.
C．Tourists won’t pay for tickets in Portugal.
D．Portugal offers more attractions than other Europeans countries.
2．What is special about the trip to Iceland?
A．You can have a lively daytime. B．You can enjoy peaceful nightlife.
C．You can experience a natural wonder. D．You can surely have an ice-snow holiday.
3．For those people who enjoy relaxing travels, where can they go?
A．Portugal. B．Ireland. C．Iceland. D．South Africa.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B
【导语】本文是篇应用文。文章介绍了四个热门旅游目的地，供人们挑选。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Portugal is also one of the safest destinations in Europe”（葡萄牙也是欧洲最安全的目的地之一）可知，葡萄牙是一个安全的旅游胜地。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“You can take part in glacier(冰川)hiking, experience the Northern Lights around the country”（你可以参加冰川徒步旅行，在冰岛各地体验北极光）可知，在冰岛可以体验北极光，这是一种自然奇观。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段“The destination provides great value for visitors and a very relaxing environment.”（这个目的地为游客提供了巨大的价值和一个非常放松的环境）可知，爱尔兰为游客提供了非常放松的环境，所以想要轻松旅游的游客，可以去爱尔兰。故选B。
B
Clara packed her things at the office and went to her boss. “It’s been a pleasure working with you, but I’m leaving my job,” she turned and left.
“Why do you get home so early?” asked her sister Sally.
“The Civil War is taking its toll on the Union soldiers. I need to help them.” Sally looked around the room. “I’m going with you.” The two volunteered at a hospital where soldiers received treatment.
After several months, Clara became worried. “Sally, this isn’t enough. I need to help the soldiers in the field and on the front lines. I’m leaving in the morning.”
Sally looked surprised. “Clara! You can’t. It’s too dangerous!”
“The front line soldiers who need help are in greater danger.”
Clara got donations (捐赠物) from wherever she could and used her own savings to buy things that soldiers need. She also organized men to give help, carry water, and prepare food for the wounded.
Months later, Clara finally made it to the front line. The wounded soldiers were so thankful for what she had done; they even named her the Angel of the Battlefield.
After the Civil War ended, Clara went to Europe to rest her body and mind. So many years of helping soldiers and their families had worn her down.
While visiting Switzerland, Clara learned of the International Red Cross. Its aim of helping war victims (受害者) around the world created interest and excitement in Clara. It also encouraged an idea. When she returned home, Clara worked to start an American Red Cross. She even met with President Hayes to discuss it. Finally, on 21 May 1881, the American Red Cross was formed. A month later, Clara was made president of the organization.
4．What does the underlined phrase “taking its toll on” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Calling for. B．Taking control of.
C．Having a bad effect on. D．Making an impression on.
5．What is the right order of the events?
①Clara paid a visit to Switzerland.
②Clara officially started the American Red Cross.
③Clara learned about the International Red Cross.
④Clara went to the front line to help wounded soldiers.
⑤Clara quitted her job to volunteer at a hospital for soldiers.
A．⑤④③①② B．⑤④①③② C．④⑤③①② D．④⑤①③②
6．Which of the following can best describe Clara?
A．Kind and smart. B．Honest and thankful.
C．Strict and narrow-minded. D．Brave and warm-hearted.
7．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To describe how cruel the Civil War was.
B．To tell how the International Red Cross was formed.
C．To explain the role that women played in the war.
D．To introduce an important woman in American history.
【答案】4．C 5．B 6．D 7．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Clara Barton是一名勇敢的女性，她在内战时帮助受伤的士兵，最后还建立了美国红十字会。
4．词义猜测题。根据第三段“I need to help them.”（我需要帮助他们）以及第六段“The front line soldiers who need help are in greater danger.”（需要帮助的前线士兵处境更危险）可知，内战给联邦士兵带来了巨大损失，即“taking its toll on”指“对……造成坏影响”，与have a bad effect on同义。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段“Clara packed her things at the office and went to her boss. “It’s been a pleasure working with you, but I’m leaving my job,” she turned and left.”（克拉拉在办公室收拾好她的东西，去找她的老板。“和你一起工作很愉快，但我要辞职了，”她转身离开了。）可知，第一个顺序是⑤，根据第八段“Months later, Clara finally made it to the front line. The wounded soldiers were so thankful for what she had done;they even named her the Angel of the Battlefield.”（几个月后，克拉拉终于上了前线。受伤的士兵们非常感激她所做的一切，他们甚至称她为“战场天使”）可知，第二个顺序是④。根据最后一段“While visiting Switzerland, Clara learned of the International Red Cross. Its aim of helping war victims(受害者)around the world created interest and excitement in Clara. It also encouraged an idea. When she returned home, Clara worked to start an American Red Cross. ”（在访问瑞士时，克拉拉了解到国际红十字会。它的目的是帮助世界各地的战争受害者，这在克拉拉引起了兴趣和兴奋。这也鼓励了一个想法。回到家后，克拉拉为创办美国红十字会工作。）可知，先访问瑞士，然后了解红十字会，最后回美国创办红十字会。综上，正确顺序为⑤④①③②。故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据第五段“Sally looked surprised. ‘Clara! You can’t. It’s too dangerous.’”（Sally看起来很惊讶。“Clara!你不能去。太危险了。”）和第六段“The front line soldiers who need help are in greater danger.”（需要帮助的前线士兵处境更危险）可知Clara不顾危险，要前往前线帮助士兵，说明她是个勇敢的人；根据第七段“Clara got donations(捐赠物)from wherever she could and used her own savings to buy things that soldiers need. She also organized men to give help, carry water, and prepare food for the wounded.”（Clara在力所能及的地方募集捐款，并用自己的积蓄购买用品。她带着三辆军用马车从一个战场赶到另一个战场。她还组织了一些人给伤者进行急救、挑水和准备食物）可推知，Clara是个热心肠的人。综上，故选D。
7．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了Clara Barton是一名勇敢的女性，她在内战时帮助受伤的士兵，最后还建立了美国红十字会。由此推知，这篇文章的主要内容是介绍美国历史上一位重要的女性。故选D。
8.【广东实验中学2022-2023学年高一上学期11月试题】
The bus screamed to a stop in Nazareth, Israel. Five Australian backpackers boarded and struck up a conversation with me. They asked typical travelers’ questions — where was I going and why was I traveling alone? My plan was to travel with a friend of a friend, I explained, but when I called her that morning, she didn’t pick up and I had no other way to reach her. My stomach was in knots, but I decided to head out anyway, thinking I might run into her if I traveled to Tiberius, where we had planned to go together.
“Why don’t you travel with us?” one of the backpackers offered. They were experienced adventurers who would work for a few months, save, and then travel for as long as they could. Their current plan was to explore the Middle East and Europe in three months while working in London.
It seemed risky to travel with strangers, but my instinct said yes. For the next two weeks, I explored Israel with the backpackers and learned to trust my instincts in all types of new and interesting situations. When they hook a ride, I took the bus, but when they wanted to steal into the King David Hotel’s swimming pool, I led the way.
The world opened up to me because I chose to travel alone. I joined complete strangers, who become close friends. Years later, one couple from the backpacking group even flew from Sydney to Phoenix to be in my wedding. The trip was such a special experience that it gave me confidence in all areas of my life. Since then, I’ve backpacked alone across South Africa, sky-dived from 12,000 feet in New Zealand and even moved across the U.S. with no job lined up.
On my third day wandering in Israel with my new friends, I bumped into the woman I was supposed to meet. Though I was happy she was all right, I was grateful she hadn’t picked up the phone.
14．By “My stomach was in knots,” the author probably means she was .
A．sick of repeating routines B．nervous of new situations
C．upset about the sudden change D．sorry about the careless plan
15．Which of the following best describes the backpackers the author met?
A．Homeless but lighthearted. B．Jobless and poorly educated.
C．Courageous but disrespectful. D．Warmhearted and experienced.
16．What did the author’s instinct told her?
A．It might cause trouble to have a swim. B．It could add excitement to get a free ride.
C．She would get along with the backpackers. D．She ought to stay away from the backpackers.
17．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．The author thought it right to travel alone.
B．The author became a fulltime backpack traveler.
C．The woman missed the call in order to travel alone.
D．Most of the backpackers became the author’s lifelong friends.
【答案】14．C 15．D 16．C 17．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者原本与朋友约好去旅游，却被放了鸽子，她决定一个人去。途中她遇见了五个背包客，这些背包客邀请她一起去旅游，她和这些人一起经历了美好的几天，并和他们成了好朋友。
14．推理判断题。根据第一段中“My plan was to travel with a friend of a friend, I explained, but when I called her that morning, she didn’t pick up and I had no other way to reach her. My stomach was in knots, but I decided to head out anyway, thinking I might run into her if I traveled to Tiberius, where we had planned to go together.(我解释说，我本来打算和一个朋友的朋友一起去旅行，但那天早上我给她打电话时，她没接，我也没办法联系到她。我的肚子很不舒服，但我还是决定无论如何都要出去，因为我想如果我去提比略，也就是我们计划一起去的地方，我可能会碰到她)”可推知，作者被放鸽子，对这种突然的变化感到心烦。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据第二段““Why don’t you travel with us?” one of the backpackers offered.(“为什么不和我们一起旅行呢？”其中一个背包客提出)”由此可知他们很热情；根据后文“They were experienced adventurers who would work for a few months, save, then travel for as long as they could.(他们都是经验丰富的冒险家，工作几个月，攒钱，然后尽可能多地旅行)”可知他们是有经验的冒险家，会工作几个月，攒钱，然后尽可能长时间地旅行。由此可推知，作者遇到的背包客是个热心和可靠的人。故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据第三段中“It seemed risky to travel with perfect strangers, but my instinct said yes.(和完全陌生的人一起旅行似乎很冒险，但我的直觉告诉我就该这样做)”可知，作者本能告诉她，她会与背包客相处好。故选C。
17．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The world opened up to me because I chose to travel alone.(世界向我敞开了大门，因为我选择了独自旅行)”可推知，作者认为独自旅行是正确的。故选A。
9.【福建省莆田一中2022-2023学年高一上学期英语试题】
A
Because of the spread of COVID-19, many students are forced to study at home. But parents are worried about how their children can learn more efficiently. The following websites might give you a clue.
Scratch
With Scratch, you can program your own interactive stories, games, and animations — and share your creations with others in the online community. Scratch can be downloaded free of charge. Scratch is designed especially for ages 8 to 16, but is used by people of all ages. Scratch is used in more than 150 different countries and available in more than 40 languages.
Mr. Bob
Mr. Bob is a science teacher, author, maker, and presenter that knows how to share the world of science. Bob encourages parents and teachers to practice Random Acts of Science by providing instructions and videos for interactive science experiments on his website. Bob has also coauthored a very popular series of science adventure books for kids.
Oxford Owl for School
Oxford Owl for School is home to online teaching, learning and assessment resources and expert support for primary schools. Free teaching, learning and assessment resources are provided, including book recommendations, storytelling videos, activity sheets and teaching notes. With a library of free, tablet-friendly eBooks, you’ll find the perfect eBook for every pupil.
The National Geographic Society
The National Geographic Society is a global nonprofit organization to explore and protect our planet. We fund hundreds of research and conservation projects around the world each year and inspire new generations. Our yellow border serves to explore the farthest reaches of the Earth and beyond. We reach millions of people around the world, with our television networks in 172 countries and our publications available in 41 languages.
21．Which website is most suitable for science lovers?
A．Scratch. B．Mr. Bob.
C．Oxford Owl for School. D．The National Geographic Society.
22．What is special about Oxford Owl for School?
A．It owns a library in America. B．It offers materials for students only.
C．It provides online books for free. D．It is suitable for students of all ages.
23．What do Scratch and the National Geographic Society have in common?
A．They have users worldwide. B．They choose books for kids to read.
C．They are designed especially for kids. D．They are both nonprofit organizations.
【答案】21．B 22．C 23．A
【分析】这是一篇应用文。由于COVID-19的传播，许多学生被迫在家学习。但家长们担心他们的孩子如何才能更有效地学习。文章主要介绍了四个可以网上学习的网站。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段Mr. Bob is a science teacher, author, maker, and presenter that knows how to share the world of science. Bob encourages parents and teachers to practice Random Acts of Science by providing instructions and videos for interactive science experiments on his website. Bob has also coauthored a very popular series of science adventure books for kids.可知鲍勃先生是一位科学教师、作家、创造者和演讲者，他知道如何分享科学世界。Bob通过在他的网站上提供互动科学实验的指导和视频，鼓励家长和老师实践“Random Acts of Science”。鲍勃还与人合著了一本非常受欢迎的儿童科学冒险丛书。由此可知，Mr. Bob最适合科学爱好者。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Free teaching, learning and assessment resources are provided, including book recommendations, storytelling videos, activity sheets and teaching notes.可知提供免费的教学、学习和评估资源，包括书籍推荐、讲故事视频、活动表和教学笔记。由此可知，Oxford Owl for School的特别之处在于免费提供在线图书。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据第二段Scratch is used in more than 150 different countries and available in more than 40 languages.(Scratch在150多个不同的国家使用，并有40多种语言版本)以及最后一段中We reach millions of people around the world, with our television networks in 172 countries and our publications available in 41 languages.(我们的电视网络遍布172个国家，我们的出版物以41种语言出版，我们的受众遍及全球数百万人)由此可知，Scratch和The National Geographic Society的共同之处在于他们的用户遍布全球。故选A。
B
Here's the story of my growth over the past year. If anyone is inspired (激励) by this, that's wonderful.
I'd been stuck as this under-confident, fat and just frightened girl for years and years and years. Since I was a little girl, I'd been stuck like this, and I had lived a life where I'd be afraid of everything. But then it all started changing. Something clicked, and in over a period of 6 months I finally managed to stick to one of my diets, bringing me from overweight straight down to underweight. This proved ( 证明) that I could change myself.
One single time, I heard about a public speaking thing going on at my university, and for the first time, I managed to keep up the courage to go there. For the first time I was able to share my story, and able to do it in front of so many people possibly judging (评判) me, and suddenly all the fears about speaking publicly started vanishing. I never felt more confident.
This taught me I could get rid （去除） of my fears. It was from that point on that my road to change went from a rocky mess to a full-on empty highway.
Using the fact that I could change, and that I could get rid of my fears, I started working on them one by one. My fear of talking to strangers ,my fear of asking simple questions, my fear of hanging out with people, my fear of being myself... All of them were gone. And I still continue to progress to this day. I've never stopped.
24．When did the author know she could change herself?
A．When she was in her childhood.
B．When she refused a diet.
C．When she was underweight.
D．When she was overweight.
25．What does the underlined word "vanishing" in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Moving. B．Increasing.
C．Changing. D．Disappearing.
26．What can be inferred from paragraph 4?
A．The road to change was smooth.
B．Many other fears were on the way.
C．The author felt empty in face of fear.
D．The author started changing rapidly.
27．What's the purpose of the text?
A．To inspire the readers.
B．To prove a new idea.
C．To teach how to speak publicly.
D．To show how to get rid of fears.
【答案】24．C 25．D 26．D 27．A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了作者在过去一年时间中从超重直接减到体重不足，意识到自己可以改变自己，也因此克服了在公众勉强演讲的恐惧，变得更加自信。作者借自己的故事希望可以鼓舞读者。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段中Something clicked, and in over a period of 6 months I finally managed to stick to one of my diets, bringing me from overweight straight down to underweight. This proved that I could change myself.（我灵机一动，在6个多月的时间里，我终于坚持我的一项饮食计划，使我从超重直接减到体重不足。这证明了我可以改变自己。）可知当作者体重不足时，她意识到她可以改变自己。故选C。
25．词义猜测题。结合下文I never felt more confident.可知作者从来没有这么自信过。因此所有对公开演讲的恐惧开始消失不见了，故可知划线单词意思为“消失”。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据第四段中It was from that point on that my road to change went from a rocky mess to a full-on empty highway.（从那一刻起，我的改变之路从一片乱石变成了一条完全空无一人的高速公路。）可推知在经历了克服自己的恐惧之后，作者开始迅速改变。故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据文章第一段Here's the story of my growth over the past year. If anyone is inspired by this, that's wonderful.（这是我过去一年的成长故事。如果有人受此启发，那就太好了。）可知文章的目的是鼓舞读者。故选A。
【点睛】隐含意义推理判断题。这类题的题干中常含有：infer，suggest，imply，conclude，intend，purpose，be likely to等标志性词语。解决这类问题时要理解文章潜在的含义和作者所给的提示。同时，要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作出合理的猜测和推断。如第一小题，根据文章第一段Here's the story of my growth over the past year. If anyone is inspired by this, that's wonderful.（这是我过去一年的成长故事。如果有人受此启发，那就太好了。）可知文章的目的是鼓舞读者。故选A。
10.【福建省德化一中、永安一中、漳平一中三校协作2022-2023学年高一12月联考】
I lost my phone when I was on holiday four months ago. With no phone to use on my way back to Milan, I decided to buy a book at the airport before boarding the plane. There was a discount on Stephen Hawking’s Brief Answers to the Big Questions, and while not necessarily an easy read for the non-reader I was at the time, it touched on some of the subjects I m most passionate(感兴趣的) about so I decided it was worth the £5.99. I paid for it. To my great surprise, I read the whole book on that two-hour return flight — and so my love for reading began. I was confused. Before then, I used to buy books fairly often, hoping I’d read them, knowing months would go by and I wouldn’t even open them. So I wondered. What was different this time? After carefully analysing the situation, I came up with an explanation.
Now I realise, most books on my reading list as a child came from one of three places: suggested books, school books, and “to read before you die” books. As a kid, I didn’t have much experience when it came to books or reading. So when I decided to pick up a book, I thought these were the ones I should read and I believed I would surely enjoy them. Then I ended up thinking of myself as someone that simply didn’t like reading.
It is obvious, in hindsight(在事后看来), that I actually really enjoyed reading. The few times I got to skim through a book that felt right, I would devour (如饥似渴地读) the whole thing in a matter of hours.
Many people approach reading in the wrong way, so they finally end up disliking it the way I did. Keep on reading books you don’t like, and you’ll eventually convince yourself it is reading you don’t like. So just make sure, you are reading books that touch on subjects you are actually passionate(热爱) about — don’t be scared to create your unique bookshelf.
24．What surprised the author?
A．He lost his phone. B．The book was very cheap.
C．The book was easy to read. D．He finished reading the book.
25．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2?
A．Explore ways to create a reading list.
B．Introduce his particular taste in books.
C．Explain why he used to be a non-reader.
D．Analyze how children’s books are classified.
26．What books does the author advise people to read?
A．Those that attract their interest.
B．Those that enrich their knowledge.
C．Those that are popular among readers.
D．Those that are written by best-selling authors.
27．What is the best title for text?
A．Learning from a great book B．How I fell in love with reading
C．Creating a successful study tour D．How I developed a reading habit
【答案】24．D 25．C 26．A 27．B
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己如何爱上阅读的经历说明了什么是正确的读书方式。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“To my great surprise, I read the whole book on that two-hour return flight — and so my love for reading began.(令我惊讶的是，我在两个小时的返程航班上读完了整本书——从此我对阅读的热爱开始了)”可知，让作者感到惊讶的是他竟然读完了这本书。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段中“As a kid, I didn’t have much experience when it came to books or reading. So when I decided to pick up a book, I thought these were the ones I should read and I believed I would surely enjoy them. Then I ended up thinking of myself as someone that simply didn’t like reading.(作为一个孩子，我在看书或阅读方面没有太多经验。所以，当我决定拿起一本书时，我本以为这是我应该读的书，我相信我一定会喜欢。然后我最终认为自己是一个根本不喜欢读书的人)”等内容可知，本段旨在解释作者过去不喜欢读书的原因。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“So just make sure, you are reading books that touch on subjects you are actually passionate(热爱) about — don’t be scared to create your unique bookshelf.(所以，要确保你读的是与你真正感兴趣的主题有关的书——不要害怕创建你独特的书架)”可知，作者建议人们读那些能引起兴趣的书。故选A。
27．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“and so my love for reading began(从此我对阅读的热爱开始了)”及最后一段中“So just make sure, you are reading books that touch on subjects you are actually passionate(热爱) about(所以，要确保你读的是与你真正感兴趣的主题有关的书)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者是如何爱上阅读的，读自己喜欢的书才是阅读的正确方式。故选B。
专题 01 阅读理解（应用文、记叙文）
--2023年新高考八省名校联考高一英语期末试题汇编
（解析版）
1.【重庆市南开中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中试题】
A
Four Books about Super Scientists
You’ll find the lives of these top minds to be as inspiring as they are exciting in the following books.
The Extraordinary Life of Alan Turing
Second World War code-breaker Alan Turing features on the Bank of England’s new £50 note as a computer pioneer. This biography follows him from his childhood as a quiet boy who loved maths to becoming one of the most important scientists in history.
100 Scientists Who Made History
Bringing together mini-biographies of 100 scientists and innovators, this book will give you an overview of the history of science. Including astronauts, biologists, chemists, coders, doctors and physicists, it features fun facts about everyone from Hippocrates and Leonardo da Vinci through to Marie Curie and Stephen Hawking.
Rosalind Franklin: A Life Story
Rosalind Franklin was the scientist whose contribution to a crucial discovery in DNA — the chemical that tells your body how to grow and develop — was not recognized until after her death. This book shines a light on the extraordinary story of her life and achievements, using timelines, illustrations and fascinating facts.
40 Inspiring Icons: Super Scientists
Each part of this colourful illustrated book introduces you to a different “super scientist” and their discoveries. This is a fun and easy way to learn about all sorts of ideas, including Louis Pasteur’s vaccinations and Ada Lovelace’s invention of mysterious codes.
21．Whose contribution was recognised after death?
A．Marie Curie’s. B．Louis Pasteur’s. C．Rosalind Franklin’s. D．Stephen Hawking’s.
22．Which book will attract readers who are interested in computer science?
A．Rosalind Franklin: A Life Story B．100 Scientists Who Made History
C．40 Inspiring Icons: Super Scientists D．The Extraordinary Life of Alan Turing
23．Where can the text probably be found?
A．In a novel. B．In a magazine. C．In a biography. D．In a diary.
【答案】21．C 22．D 23．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本与顶级科学家相关的书籍。
21．细节理解题。根据标题“Rosalind Franklin: A Life Story”项下内容“Rosalind Franklin was the scientist whose contribution to a crucial discovery in DNA — the chemical that tells your body how to grow and develop — was not recognized until after her death. (Rosalind Franklin是一位科学家，她对DNA的重要发现作出了贡献——告诉你的身体如何生长和发育的化学物质——但直到她去世后才被承认。)”可知Rosalind Franklin的贡献在她去世后才被承认；故选C项。
22．细节理解题。根据标题“The Extraordinary Life of Alan Turing”项下内容“Second World War code-breaker Alan Turing features on the Bank of England’s new £50 note as a computer pioneer. This biography follows him from his childhood as a quiet boy who loved maths to becoming one of the most important scientists in history. (第二次世界大战的密码破译员Alan Turing是英格兰银行新发行的50英镑钞票上的一位计算机先驱。这本传记记录了他从一个喜欢数学的安静的小男孩到成为历史上最重要的科学家之一的经历。)”可知这本书是讲述一个历史上伟大的计算机科学家Alan Turing的事迹，故推知这本书会吸引对计算机科学感兴趣的读者；故选D项。
23．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了四本与顶级科学家相关的书籍，让读者大致了解了每本书的主要内容和书中所记载的那些科学家及他们的发明；故推知本文可能出自于一篇杂志；故选B项。
B
Nate had spent most of his seventy years in the woods. As a young man, he had the alternative of working in the city with his brother. But he decided that urban life was not for him. He preferred to isolate himself from others and find shelter in nature from the crowds and noise of the city. He was more than willing to give up such advantages as flush toilets and electric blankets for the joy of watching a sunrise illuminate the frozen pines.
Because Nate had lived alone for so long, his behavior was unpredictable. For example, one minute he’d be very quiet, and the next he’d talk about his youth. His knowledge of nature was extensive, and so I learned much from him through the years.
I will tell you an interesting story that shows how wise he was about the woods and how miserly (吝啬的) he could be with words. One evening Nate, my cousin Arthur, and I were crossing a grassland. Arthur’s interest in some little white mushrooms that were growing there led to this dialogue:
“These mushrooms look so good,” said Arthur. “Did you ever use them, Nate?”
“Yep,” said Nate. “My mom used to cook them up.”
“Great!” said Arthur. Nate’s words seemed to strengthen Arthur s desire for those mushrooms. He gathered about a hundred of them. “How did she prepare them?” he asked Nate.
“Cooked them up in sugar water.”
“Really? And then you ate them that way?”
“Ate them?” Nate was horrified. “You crazy? We used to put them in a bowl on the table to kill flies!”
24．Which can make Nate happier?
A．Working in the city. B．Quitting flush toilets.
C．Using electric blankets. D．Enjoying sunrises in the woods.
25．Nate is a man with ________.
A．ambition B．courage C．knowledge D．imagination
26．What do we know about the white mushrooms?
A．They were delicious. B．Nate ate them very often.
C．They might be poisonous. D．Arthur’s mother used to cook them.
27．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Far From Nature B．White Mushrooms C．Nate the Woodsman D．Advantages of Urban Life
【答案】24．D 25．C 26．C 27．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，常年生活在森林的内特有一天和作者及作者表弟亚瑟正在穿越一片草地，亚瑟问小白蘑菇能不能吃，然而亚瑟误解了内特的回答，侧面反映内特对森林是多么明智，对语言是多么吝啬。
24．细节理解题。由第一段中的“But he decided that urban life was not for him. He preferred to isolate himself from others and find shelter in nature from the crowds and noise of the city. He was more than willing to give up such advantages as flush toilets and electric blankets for the joy of watching a sunrise illuminate the frozen pines. (但他决定城市生活不适合他。他宁愿把自己与他人隔离开来，在大自然中寻找庇护，远离人群和城市的喧嚣。他非常愿意放弃冲水马桶和电热毯等优势，去享受看日出照亮冰冻松树的喜悦)”可知，在树林里享受日出能让内特更快乐。故选D项。
25．细节理解题。由第二段中的“His knowledge of nature was extensive, and so I learned much from him through the years. (他对自然的了解非常广泛，所以这些年来我从他那里学到了很多东西)”可知，内特是个很有知识的人。故选C项。
26．推理判断题。由最后一段中的“We used to put them in a bowl on the table to kill flies!”(我们曾经把蘑菇放在桌子上的碗里，用来杀苍蝇！)”可知，蘑菇可以用来杀苍蝇，可得出蘑菇有毒。故选C项。
27．主旨大意题。第一段讲“常年生活在森林的内特喜欢自然，不喜欢城市生活”，第二段讲“内特的一些品质（行为无法预测和知识广博）”，第三段和后文对话通过“蘑菇是否能吃”反映内特对森林是多么明智，对语言是多么吝啬，全文围绕主人翁内特展开，C项“林居者内特”能概括全文。故选C项。
2.【辽宁省实验中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中试卷】
Parenting Skills Passed Down
My parents taught that a life devoted to helping others is one full of purpose and meaning. I’m a physician and have worked with the homeless community for 11 years. I’ m also a mom to a boy who loves bike racing. Every time a rider fell or crashed, he’d stop and wait until they got up. He lost the race but won at being a good human.
—Sara Doorley Tijeras, New Mexico
I started a band as a high-school freshman with my brother’ s baritone horn (次中音号). I didn’t have previous lessons, so it was much harder for me. When I told my mom I was quitting, she told me to keep on trying. In due time I absolutely loved the band. Years later, my daughter Sheena was in the band, using the same baritone. One day, she, too, said she was quitting, and I told her not. She kept at it and came to love it too.
—Janet Brandes Collins, Wisconsin
I grew up as a tomboy (假小子). My mother occasionally told me to let the boys win, because they wouldn’t like me if I always beat them, so I did. My daughter is also quite athletic but has never heard those words. I tell her she’s as good as those boys and to do her best and win. And she has. She has grown up very confident and is even more broadly admired for her determination. What a difference a generation makes.
—Klari Frederick Linden, Michigan
I built an arcade machine (街机) with my son. I loved arcades as a kid, and my dad and I are software developers. Plus, it’s a good lesson: If you want something, build it! It’s bonding when we help the other player get out of a corner the bad guys have backed them into.
—Joe Hocking Highland Park, Illinois
1．What life lesson does Janet Brandes Collins teach her kid?
A．Never give up.
B．Be confident and humble.
C．Helping others is important and great.
D．Build what you want with your own hands.
2．Who has a different way of education from her/ his parents?
A．Sara Doorley Tijeras. B．Janet Brandes Collins.
C．Klari Frederick Linden. D．Joe Hocking Highland Park.
3．What is Joe Hocking Highland Park’s father?
A．A teacher. B．A musician.
C．An athlete. D．A software developer.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了几种育人方法。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Years later, my daughter Sheena was in the band, using the same baritone. One day, she, too, said she was quitting, and I told her not. ”（多年后，我的女儿希娜加入了乐队，用的是同样的男中音。有一天，她也说她要放弃，我告诉她不要）可知。珍妮特·布兰德斯·柯林斯给她的孩子上的人生课是永远不要放弃。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“I grew up as a tomboy (假小子). My mother occasionally told me to let the boys win, because they wouldn’t like me if I always beat them, so I did. My daughter is also quite athletic but has never heard those words. I tell her she’s as good as those boys and to do her best and win. And she has. She has grown up very confident and is even more broadly admired for her determination. ”（我从小就是个假小子。我母亲偶尔告诉我要让男孩们赢，因为如果我总是打败他们，他们会不喜欢我的，所以我就这么做了。我女儿也很喜欢运动，但从来没听过这些话。我告诉她，她和那些男孩一样优秀，要尽最大努力去赢得胜利。她这么做了。她长大后非常自信，她的决心更广受赞赏。）可知，Klari Frederick Linden与父母的教育方式不同。故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段“my dad and I are software developers”（我爸爸和我是软件开发人员）可知，Joe Hocking Highland Park的父亲是一个软件开发人员。故选D。
3.【辽宁省沈阳市级重点高中联合体2022-2023学年高一上学期期中检测】
A
If you are looking for apps to learn English for studying abroad, you might be confused. There are so many apps to choose from. How can you decide which English language learning app is right for you? Our list of top four favourite appe to improve your English will help.
Hello English — Best app for middle learners
If you already understand the basics but want to improve your English, this app is for you. Hello English starts with a language test, and then serves up English lessons based on your test results. Hello English supports learners with 23 native languages and lets you play games,watch videos and listen to audio books,too.
Free versions available for iOS, Android and Windows.
FluentU-Best media-based app
This app sources English-language videos from the real world — including news,music videos and commercials (商业)— to help you learn English. Interactive captions (字幕) allow you to tap any word and see more information about it.
Free trial (试用) and paid monthly subscriptions available for Android and iOS.
Rosetta Stone — Most multi-use app
This award-winning English language learning app teaches vocabulary and English grammar. Rosetta Stone includes lessons on pronunciation so you can improve your English accent. You can also download audio lessons to learn offline.
Free trial and paid versions available for Android,i0S and Windows.
Duolingo — Most fun app
This personalised English-learning app turns studying into a game. Earn virtual coins to unlock new levels and spend them on fun upgrades. An animated owl (动画猫头离) keeps you company and encourages you as you learn. When you have questions, get help from fellow students inside the app using the Duolingo message boards.
Free and paid versions available for Android, iOS and Windows.
1．What can we learn about Hello English?
A．The users can’t play games.
B．It may not suit English beginners.
C．It provides lessons without a language test.
D．The users can chat with 23 native speakers.
2．Which app best suits those who want to practise pronunciation?
A．Hello English. B．Duolingo.
C．Rosetta Stone. D．FluentU.
3．What is special about Duolingo?
A．It only has the paid version.
B．The users must pay in cash to upgrade.
C．An owl can answer questions of the users.
D．It combines English learning with entertainment.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四种最受欢迎的提高英语的应用程序。
1．细节理解题。根据“Hello English — Best app for middle learners”部分中的“If you already understand the basics but want to improve your English, this app is for you.(如果你已经理解了基础，但想提高你的英语，这个应用程序适合你)”可知，Hello English可能不适合英语初学者。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Rosetta Stone — Most multi-use app”部分中的“Rosetta Stone includes lessons on pronunciation so you can improve your English accent.(Rosetta Stone包括发音课程，这样你就可以改善你的英语口音)”可知，Rosetta Stone最适合那些想要练习发音的人。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“Duolingo — Most fun app”部分中的“This personalised English-learning app turns studying into a game. Earn virtual coins to unlock new levels and spend them on fun upgrades.(这款个性化的英语学习应用程序将学习变成了一场游戏。赚取虚拟货币来解锁新关卡，并将其用于有趣的升级)”可知，Duolingo把英语学习和娱乐结合了起来。故选D。
B
Every day for a week, a strange, happy visitor would drop to play with Vanessa Prior’s pet dog Bobby. Prior thought Bobby had made a new dog friend. It seemed very friendly and got well along with Bobby. They would run after each other, play on the pool cover, gently wrestle (摔跤) or nap side by side.
At first she thought it was a wild dog. But when she posted a photo of the two playing on her Facebook, a pet rescue centre called her. The group told her the Atlanta Wolf Project had been trying to catch the wolf for months, but they failed. Prior gave them new hope.
Because of the wolfs friendship with her pet dog, it was likely to come back to her backyard. Researchers hoped Prior could help them. When they put some traps (陷阱) in the back of her yard, Prior got a very complicated (复杂的) feeling. She couldn’t describe what it was. The wolf would be in a safe place, but she would do something that harmed Bobby’s feelings.
Researchers told Prior that they would take the rare, black wolf to the Yellow River Wildlife Sanctuary where it would live with another wolf. They didn’t think it a satisfying situation for a wild animal like a wolf to have a connection with humans’ life. They need to keep a natural awareness to humans and pets and keep to themselves.
Wolf experts added they would look into the genetics of the animal to try to learn why it liked to get close to people and tried to play with their pets. Some experts believe it could have a history with well-meaning humans. Prior had not expected that she and Bobby should meet such a special and lovely wolf. They just hoped the dear friend all the best.
4．What happened to Vanessa Prior according to the first two paragraphs?
A．She didn’t like her dog’s new friend.
B．She was awarded for her helpful picture.
C．She realised her dog made friends with a wolf.
D．She called the pet rescue centre to catch the wolf.
5．How did Prior feel when some traps were set?
A．She was afraid to lose Bobby.
B．She regretted helping the researchers.
C．She was worried about the wolf’s future.
D．She had bittersweet feelings about the wolf.
6．What can be inferred about the black wolf from the last two paragraphs?
A．It is a kind and sociable animal.
B．It was once kept as a human pet.
C．It will be sent to the wild to live with other animals.
D．It has a great awareness of distancing itself from humans.
7．Where can the passage most probably appear?
A．In a medical report. B．In a travel leaflet.
C．In a nature magazine. D．In a scientific research.
【答案】4．C 5．D 6．A 7．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Vanessa Prior的宠物狗Bobby和一只狼成为了朋友，宠物救援中心看到了她在Facebook上的照片后，联系到了她，准备捕捉这只狼，并将其带到保护区中生活。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Prior thought Bobby had made a new dog friend.(Prior还以为Bobby交了个新的狗狗朋友)”及第二段中“But when she posted a photo of the two playing on her Facebook, a pet rescue centre called her. The group told her the Atlanta Wolf Project had been trying to catch the wolf for months, but they failed.(但当她在脸书上发布了一张两只狗玩耍的照片时，一家宠物救援中心给她打了电话。该组织告诉她，‘亚特兰大狼计划’几个月来一直试图捕捉这只狼，但他们失败了)”可知，起初Prior以为那是一只野狗，但当她在Facebook上发布了它们玩耍的照片后，一家宠物救援中心给她打电话，Vanessa Prior才意识到她的狗和一只狼成了朋友。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段中“When they put some traps (陷阱) in the back of her yard, Prior got a very complicated(复杂的) feeling.(当他们在她的后院放了一些陷阱时，Prior有一种非常复杂的感觉)”可知，当他们设置陷阱时，Prior对狼有苦乐参半的复杂感觉。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Wolf experts added they would look into the genetics of the animal to try to learn why it liked to get close to people and tried to play with their pets. Some experts believe it could have a history with well-meaning humans.(狼类专家补充说，他们将研究这种动物的基因，试图了解为什么它喜欢接近人类，并试图与人类的宠物玩耍。一些专家认为它可能与善意的人类有一段历史)”可推知，这只黑狼善良且善于交际。故选A。
7．推理判断题。文章主要讲述了Vanessa Prior的宠物狗Bobby和一只狼成为了朋友的故事。由此推知，本文可能出现在自然杂志上。故选C。
4.【江苏省常州一中2022-2023学年高一上学期期中试题】
A
Staying positive has been tough in the past year. Since the pandemic began, three times as many American adults have reported cases of anxiety compared with 2019.Thankfully,here are three ways to improve your relationship with the person in the mirror.
Engage in Smarter Self-talk
In his lab at the University of Michigan, Kross asks subjects to talk to themselves in the second person, and to use their own name. Instead of saying,“I'm so nervous about this meeting on Tuesday,”say,“(Your name),you seem pretty nervous about this meeting."Kross's research shows that this simple change in language gets people into problem-solving mode quicker.
Repeat a Task You're Good At
When Canadian psychologist Patrick Keelan's helping people with low self-respect, he suggests they regularly take part in activities that use or improve their skills. According to a 14-year study of 7,000 volunteers, you can increase your self-respect at every age if you know you can do well in what you are interested in.
Look back
While some research suggests happiness increases with age, studies also suggest that self-respect reaches the highest point at age 60, then reduces. In a 2015 study from Iran, a group of men who lost their wives 60 and over shared memories of the events and life lessons that had shaped their lives. This “encouraged a sense of identity （身份） and a positive contribution to the next generation,” the researchers reported. So, look back by looking through a photo album with loved ones or playing music that reminds you of meaningful moments.
1．What does the underlined word “subjects” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Lessons offered in the university.
B．Modes helping solve the problem.
C．People(taking part in the experiment.)
D．Researchers performing the experiment.
2．Which way would be helpful if an elder lost the beloved?
A．The first one. B．The second one. C．The third one. D．None.
3．All the three ways are __________.
A．science-backed B．advanced. C．challenging D．task-based
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在疫情期间和自己更好的相处的三种方式。
1．词句猜测题。文章中本次出现的语境是研究者做实验，这个词含义是“实验对象”，根据下文中的“talk to themselves in the second person, and to use their own name. ”（让他们用第二人称自言自语），可知是指参加实验的人。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据最后一段“ In a 2015 study from Iran, a group of men who lost their wives 60 and over shared memories of the events and life lessons that had shaped their lives. This “encouraged a sense of identity （身份） and a positive contribution to the next generation,” the researchers reported. ”（在伊朗2015年的一项研究中，一群60岁及以上失去妻子的男人分享了塑造他们生活的事件和人生教训的记忆。 这“鼓励了一种认同感和对下一代的积极贡献，”研究人员报告说 ）可知如果长者失去至爱，第三种方法Look back对他们是有用的。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。第一种方法中提到了“In his lab ”（在他的实验室里），第二种方法中提到“ psychologist ”（心理学家），第三种方法提到“ study from Iran”（伊朗的研究）。因此可知这三项都是有专业人士参加的，科学验证的方法。故选A项。
B
Getting to Antarctica is not easy. The few who are lucky enough to visit this most mysterious continent do so by ships. To reach Antarctica, ships must pass through a notoriously violent area of ocean called the Drake Passage, considered to be the roughest stretch of sea on the planet.
Walls of water thirty, sometimes forty feet high continually crashed about our ship for two solid days. We would hold on to a rope inside the ship while being violently tipped to one extreme side, then to the other, and then back again. My daughter Claire and I were as mentally prepared as we could be.
About two and a half days after entering the Drake Passage, the waters calmed. Soon, we noticed small black spots on nearby pieces of floating ice. Emperor penguins! Then, we began the two-mile hike over the ice to the penguin colony. Within several hundred yards, little clusters of emperors, perhaps ten or so at a time, greeted us, sliding on their bellies and making their wonderful noises, sort of a nasally squeal.
One day two adult emperors with their three chicks in-tow approached Claire, who was resting on the ice. They left the chicks with her, as if she were the babysitter. Twenty minutes later they returned to collect the chicks. And I will never forget the penguin that, when I jokingly asked which way back to the helicopters, pointed a wing in the correct direction. Every night aboard our safe and warm ship, we thought about what it takes to survive in Antarctica, an incredibly harsh place.
But each day on the ice, we also thought about the Drake passage, that monstrous body of water we had to endure to get where we were. Over the course of our visit, we came to respect the power of that sea. We still talk about the penguins, as I’m sure we always will. But we talk about the Drake too. Both experiences were unforgettable, and one would not have bee possible without the other.
4．What does the word notoriously mean in paragraph 1?
A．Frequently traveled. B．Hard to locate.
C．Recognized negatively. D．Aimlessly sailed.
5．Which of the flowing best describe the voyage in the Drake passage?
A．Tough. B．Complicated.
C．Smooth. D．Boring.
6．What does the author mostly focuses on penguins when describing them?
A．Dependence on one another.
B．Collecting their baby chicks in time.
C．Ability to survive in their environment.
D．Friendly and entertaining behavior.
7．What did the author most likely gain from his experience?
A．An awareness of the types of activities his daughter enjoys.
B．An understanding of how animals survive in cold climates.
C．An increased respect for the power of nature.
D．An interest in other journeys that involve physical challenges.
【答案】4．C 5．A 6．D 7．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和女儿去南极洲的路程中成功穿越德雷克海峡，并最终看到了帝企鹅。
4．词句猜测题。根据下文“considered to be the roughest stretch of sea on the planet. (它被认为是地球上最汹涌的海域)”可知，要到达南极洲，船只必须经过一片以波涛汹涌著称的海域——德雷克海峡。划线单词notoriously为“臭名昭著地；声名狼藉地”。选项A. “Frequently traveled. (经常旅游)”；选项B. “Hard to locate (很难找到)”；选项C. “Recognized negatively. (负面公认的)”；选项D. “Aimlessly sailed. (漫无目的地航行)”。选择项C与划线词含义最为相似。故选C。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段“Walls of water thirty, sometimes forty feet high continually crashed about our ship for two solid days. We would hold on to a rope inside the ship while being violently tipped to one extreme side, then to the other, and then back again. (三十英尺，有时四十英尺高的水墙，在整整两天的时间里，不断地在我们的船上撞击。我们会紧紧抓住船内的一根绳子，同时被猛烈地向一边倾斜，然后向另一边倾斜，然后又回到一边)”可推断，德雷克海峡非常难穿越。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段“Within several hundred yards, little clusters of emperors, perhaps ten or so at a time, greeted us, sliding on their bellies and making their wonderful noises, sort of a nasally squeal. (在几百码之内，一群群的帝王企鹅，一次大概有10只左右，向我们打招呼，它们用肚子滑来滑去，发出美妙的声音，像是一种带鼻音的尖叫)”以及第四段“And I will never forget the penguin that, when I jokingly asked which way back to the helicopters, pointed a wing in the correct direction. (我永远不会忘记，当我开玩笑地问那只企鹅回直升机的路时，它把翅膀指向了正确的方向)”可推断，作者在描述帝王企鹅时，重点描述了这些企鹅的友好和有趣的行为。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Over the course of our visit, we came to respect the power of that sea.(在我们的访问过程中，我们开始尊重大海的力量)”可知，作者的这次南极洲之旅，使作者更加尊重自然的力量。故选C。
5.【江苏省百校2022-2023学年高一12月大联考英语试卷】
Before I can tell you what happened to me, you first must learn about my job: perform underwater repairs. As you know, my office lies at the bottom of the sea. I wear a suit to office. It’s a wet suit.
This time of year the water is quite cool. So what we do to keep warm is a water heater. This $20,000 piece of equipment that sucks the water out of the sea. It heats it to a delightful temperature. It then pumps it down to the diver(潜水员) through a garden pipe.
Now, this all sounds like a wonderful plan, and I’ve used it several times.
What I do when I get to the bottom is take the pipe and stuff it down the back of my wet suit. This floods my whole suit with warm water. It’s fantastic.
Everything was going well until all of a sudden, my butt(屁股) started to itch(痒). So, of course, I scratched it. This, of course, only made things worse. Within a few seconds my butt started to feel hot. I pulled the pipe out from my back, thinking that maybe the water was too hot, but the damage was done.
In pain, I realized what had happened. The hot water machine had sucked up a jellyfish(水母) and pumped it directly into my suit. Now, since I don’t have any hair on my back, the jellyfish couldn’t stick to it.
I immediately informed the dive director of my situation over the communicator. His reply was unclear due to the fact that he, along with five other divers, were all laughing hysterically.
Needless to say, I gave up the dive. As I climbed out of the water, the doctor, with tears of laughter running down his face, handed me a tube of cream and told me to rub it on my butt. The cream put the fire out, but I couldn’t poop(排泄) for two days because my bottom was swollen.
So, next time you’re having a bad day at work, think about how much worse it would be if you had a jellyfish shoved up your bottom.
Now repeat to yourself, “I love my job, I love my job, I love my job.” May you NEVER have a jellyfish bad day.
4．What is the writer?
A．A surfer. B．A swimmer. C．An officer. D．A repairman.
5．What happened to the writer under the sea?
A．He was bitten by a strange fish. B．The hot water burned his butt.
C．His skin was cut by something. D．A jellyfish was attached to his back.
6．Why didn’t the director make his reply clear?
A．Because the doctor put in a word.
B．Because he didn’t intend to help him.
C．Because his voice mixed with laughter.
D．Because voice ran slower under the sea.
7．Which of the following can best describe the writer?
A．Positive and humorous. B．Kind and friendly.
C．Helpful and honest. D．Grateful and selfless.
【答案】4．D 5．D 6．C 7．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过描述自己的屁股被水母蜇了之后特别痛苦的经历来鼓励读者，要用积极的心态面对生活。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“you first must learn about my job: perform underwater repairs.(你必须先了解我的工作：在水下修理。)”可知，作者是一个修理工。故选D项。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“I pulled the pipe out from my back, thinking that maybe the water was too hot, but the damage was done.(我把管子从背后拔了出来，以为可能是水太热了，但伤害已经造成了。)”和第六段“In pain, I realized what had happened. The hot water machine had sucked up a jellyfish and pumped it directly into my suit.(在痛苦中，我意识到发生了什么。热水机吸走了一只水母。)”可知，作者把管子从背部拔出来之后，把一只水母吸进了自己的潜水衣的背部。故选D项。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第七段“His reply was unclear due to the fact that he, along with five other divers, were all laughing hysterically.(他的回答听不清楚，因为他和其他五名潜水员都在歇斯底里地笑。)”可知，主任的回答听不清楚是因为掺杂着笑声。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“So, next time you’re having a bad day at work, think about how much worse it would be if you had a jellyfish shoved up your bottom.(所以，下次你工作不顺的时候，想想如果你的屁股那有一只水母，情况会有多糟。)”可知，作者的语言诙谐幽默。由文章最后一段“Now repeat to yourself, “I love my job, I love my job, I love my job.” May you NEVER have a jellyfish bad day.(现在重复对自己说：“我爱我的工作，我爱我的工作，我爱我的工作。”愿你永远不会有像水母那样糟糕的一天。)”可知，作者热爱工作，工作和生活态度积极。所以总的来说，作者是积极、幽默的。故选A项。
6.【湖北华中师范大学附中2022-2023学高一上学期期中试题】
A
The 2021 Barbara Mandigo Kelly Peace Poetry Awards
The awards contest (奖赛) is to encourage people to explore peace and the human spirit. There are three agecategories (类型): Adult (19&over), Youth (13-18), and Youth (12&under). The yearly contest is open to people worldwide. Your poems must be unpublished (未发表的), and in English.
Deadline
All entries (参赛作品) must be submitted (提交) by July 1, 2021.
Entry Fee
Adults--$15
Youth (13-18)--$5
Youth (12 & under)--no fee
Notes
1. You may submit up to three unpublished poems. At most 30 lines per poem.
2. Include name, address, email, telephone number, and age in the upper right-hand corner of each poem. For the Youth (12 & under) category, please also include your school’s name and your teacher’s name.
3. Title each poem.
4. Please keep copies of all entries as we will be unable to return.
5. Email your entries to: cwarner@napf.org and Click here to pay our entry fee online; or send your entries and entry fee to Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, 1622 Anacapa Street, Santa Barbara, CA 93101.
Awards
Adult Winner--$1,000
Youth (13-18) Winner--$200
Youth (12 & under) Winner--$200
Winners will be announced by October 1, 2021 on our website. Winners will be notified by email and/or mail. Past years’ winning poems can be found here.
1．What can we learn about the contest?
A．It includes two categories.
B．It is held. every three years.
C．It only accepts poems in English.
D．It is open to people aged 12 and over.
2．To enter the contest, a 12-year-old boy must ______.
A．pay an entry fee of $5
B．write a poem of at least 30 lines
C．submit his entry by October 1, 2021
D．include his teacher’s name in his entry
3．What will an adult winner get?
A．$200 in prize money.
B．$1,000 in prize money.
C．A collection of this year’s winning poems.
D．A collection of past year’s winning poems.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2021年芭芭拉·曼迪戈·凯利和平诗歌奖的参赛要求和奖项设置。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Your poems must be unpublished (未发表的), and in English.( 你的诗必须是英文的，且未发表。)”可知，这次比赛只接受未发表的英文诗歌。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Notes中“For the Youth (12 & under) category, please also include your school’s name and your teacher’s name.( 对于青少年(12岁及以下)类别，请同时填写学校名称和教师姓名。)”可知， 12岁的男孩参加比赛，其作品必须包括他老师的名字。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第四行“Adult Winner--$1,000”可知，成年获奖者将会获得1000美元的奖励。故选B。
B
Leek Town Warriors was a girls’ football team Which used to get routinely defeated every time they turned out, until James Henry stepped in two years ago. He took the job when the previous coach quit and transformed the team’s fortunes.With the help of his assistant Andy Austin, they started training hard in April 2020.
Some players had never kicked a football before joining the team, so training them took hours of hard work and patience. After a good few weeks, they got down to training and really started to take it in what the coach wanted. “I insist on doing the basic stuff well and letting the girls decide what they feel they need to work on.” James said.
James’ first season was ruined by the pandemic, which forced him and Andy to get creative with training. They organized team-building activities with the girls to help them bond on and off the field. James then spent the sessions they could hold focusing on the basics of football like passing and shooting, bringing the girls up to a good standard.
James watched the girls develop over the course of last year, and in September they played their first match of the new season. They won the game, and since then went on an unbeaten run of eight games. The team’s star player, 15-year-old Chelsea, has also impressed the audience individually,becoming the top scorer in the league with incredible 30 goals.
James said, “All the effort that the girls, us coaches and parents have put in to get this point has been enormous. If I hadn’t had the Support of Andy helping me every week, this would have been an impossible task. So I’m incredibly grateful to have him on side. All we want is to bring more girls into the game and show that it’s not all about having the best players; it’s about hard work and giving everyone the chance to play.”
4．Why did James Henry take over the soccer team?
A．Because he wanted to try his fortune.
B．Because he wanted to turn things around.
C．Because the previous coach recommended him.
D．Because he hoped to fulfill his champion dream.
5．What did James do to change the situation?
A．Pick experienced players.
B．Develop players’ patience.
C．Lay stress on basic skills.
D．Make decisions for the girls.
6．What did the team achieve after James was in charge?
A．They won the league championship.
B．They stood out in James’ first season.
C．They scored 30 goals in the season.
D．They won regularly and secured promotion.
7．What can we learn from the story?
A．Talent is the key.
B．Joint efforts matter.
C．Every dog has his day.
D．Time and tide wait for no man.
【答案】4．B 5．C 6．D 7．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了利克镇勇士女子足球队在詹姆斯·亨利教练的带领下，夯实基础技能，共同努力，成为了连胜八场的明星足球队的故事。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“He took the job when the previous coach quit and transformed the team’s fortunes.(前任教练辞职后，他接受了这份工作，改变了球队的命运)”可知，詹姆斯·亨利是在当时球队遭遇长期失败，一片惨淡的情况下，接受了教练的职位。由此推知，詹姆斯·亨利接管足球队是想扭转球队的局面，让其变得更好。故选B项。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段最后詹姆斯说的话“I insist on doing the basic stuff well and letting the girls decide what they feel they need to work on.(我坚持要基本的事情做好，让女孩们自己决定她们需要做什么)”可知，詹姆斯注重足球基本技能的训练，也不会为女孩们做决定。故选C项。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“James watched the girls develop over the course of last year, and in September they played their first match of the new season. They won the game, and since then went on an unbeaten run of eight games.(詹姆斯看着女孩们在去年的比赛中成长，并在9月份参加了新赛季的第一场比赛。他们赢了这场比赛，此后连续八场不败)”可知，詹姆斯当教练之后，女孩们正式参加比赛就持续获得了胜利，这是球队在詹姆斯的带领下实现的成就。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段最后一句“All we want is to bring more girls into the game and show that it’s not all about having the best players; it’s about hard work and giving everyone the chance to play. (我们想要的只是让更多的女孩加入到足球运动中，并表明这并不意味着拥有最好的球员；这是关于努力，给每个人机会去比赛)”可知，在足球比赛中获得成功，不是由天赋好的球员或者最佳的球员决定的，而是努力奋斗、共同合作。由此可知，我们可以从这个故事中学到，共同努力很重要。故选B项。
7.【河北省石家庄二中2022-2023学年度高一年级上学期期中试题】
A
Thinking of where to travel next? Check out these top destinations and pick your favorites!
Portugal
If you are looking for a cost-effective destination that is safe and has a lot of attractions and activities, Portugal is definitely the place to go. Portugal was recently recognized as the best European destination at the World Travel Awards. Some of the main places to visit in Portugal include the capital city of Lisbon and the city of Porto at a cost unmatched in Europe. Portugal is also one of the safest destinations in Europe and is becoming very popular with travelers; you need to visit it before the crowds take over!
Iceland
If you are looking for a destination that provides exciting adventures to visit, Iceland surely fits the bill any time of the year. You can take part in glacier (冰川) hiking, experience the Northern Lights around the country and enjoy the lively nightlife in its capital Reykjavik. You will not have a boring moment in Iceland!
Ireland
If you want to get away from the large crowds of Europe but still enjoy amazing food, history, road trips and nature, Ireland is the destination for you. The destination provides great value for visitors and a very relaxing environment.
Warning: you may have to give way to sheep on the road!
South Africa
If you ask children what their favorite animal is, lions and giraffes must be on the top ten list. Then ask them if they’d like to see them for real! The thought of Africa as a family holiday destination might be a bit scary if you’ve never been there, so why not make South Africa your first adventure into this amazing land? With beautiful beaches, great weather and all those favorite wild animals, you’ll also find South Africa can be budget (预算) friendly as well.
1．What can we learn from the second paragraph?
A．Portugal is a safe place to visit.
B．Tourists will not feel crowded in Portugal.
C．Tourists won’t pay for tickets in Portugal.
D．Portugal offers more attractions than other Europeans countries.
2．What is special about the trip to Iceland?
A．You can have a lively daytime. B．You can enjoy peaceful nightlife.
C．You can experience a natural wonder. D．You can surely have an ice-snow holiday.
3．For those people who enjoy relaxing travels, where can they go?
A．Portugal. B．Ireland. C．Iceland. D．South Africa.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B
【导语】本文是篇应用文。文章介绍了四个热门旅游目的地，供人们挑选。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Portugal is also one of the safest destinations in Europe”（葡萄牙也是欧洲最安全的目的地之一）可知，葡萄牙是一个安全的旅游胜地。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“You can take part in glacier(冰川)hiking, experience the Northern Lights around the country”（你可以参加冰川徒步旅行，在冰岛各地体验北极光）可知，在冰岛可以体验北极光，这是一种自然奇观。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段“The destination provides great value for visitors and a very relaxing environment.”（这个目的地为游客提供了巨大的价值和一个非常放松的环境）可知，爱尔兰为游客提供了非常放松的环境，所以想要轻松旅游的游客，可以去爱尔兰。故选B。
B
Clara packed her things at the office and went to her boss. “It’s been a pleasure working with you, but I’m leaving my job,” she turned and left.
“Why do you get home so early?” asked her sister Sally.
“The Civil War is taking its toll on the Union soldiers. I need to help them.” Sally looked around the room. “I’m going with you.” The two volunteered at a hospital where soldiers received treatment.
After several months, Clara became worried. “Sally, this isn’t enough. I need to help the soldiers in the field and on the front lines. I’m leaving in the morning.”
Sally looked surprised. “Clara! You can’t. It’s too dangerous!”
“The front line soldiers who need help are in greater danger.”
Clara got donations (捐赠物) from wherever she could and used her own savings to buy things that soldiers need. She also organized men to give help, carry water, and prepare food for the wounded.
Months later, Clara finally made it to the front line. The wounded soldiers were so thankful for what she had done; they even named her the Angel of the Battlefield.
After the Civil War ended, Clara went to Europe to rest her body and mind. So many years of helping soldiers and their families had worn her down.
While visiting Switzerland, Clara learned of the International Red Cross. Its aim of helping war victims (受害者) around the world created interest and excitement in Clara. It also encouraged an idea. When she returned home, Clara worked to start an American Red Cross. She even met with President Hayes to discuss it. Finally, on 21 May 1881, the American Red Cross was formed. A month later, Clara was made president of the organization.
4．What does the underlined phrase “taking its toll on” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Calling for. B．Taking control of.
C．Having a bad effect on. D．Making an impression on.
5．What is the right order of the events?
①Clara paid a visit to Switzerland.
②Clara officially started the American Red Cross.
③Clara learned about the International Red Cross.
④Clara went to the front line to help wounded soldiers.
⑤Clara quitted her job to volunteer at a hospital for soldiers.
A．⑤④③①② B．⑤④①③② C．④⑤③①② D．④⑤①③②
6．Which of the following can best describe Clara?
A．Kind and smart. B．Honest and thankful.
C．Strict and narrow-minded. D．Brave and warm-hearted.
7．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To describe how cruel the Civil War was.
B．To tell how the International Red Cross was formed.
C．To explain the role that women played in the war.
D．To introduce an important woman in American history.
【答案】4．C 5．B 6．D 7．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Clara Barton是一名勇敢的女性，她在内战时帮助受伤的士兵，最后还建立了美国红十字会。
4．词义猜测题。根据第三段“I need to help them.”（我需要帮助他们）以及第六段“The front line soldiers who need help are in greater danger.”（需要帮助的前线士兵处境更危险）可知，内战给联邦士兵带来了巨大损失，即“taking its toll on”指“对……造成坏影响”，与have a bad effect on同义。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段“Clara packed her things at the office and went to her boss. “It’s been a pleasure working with you, but I’m leaving my job,” she turned and left.”（克拉拉在办公室收拾好她的东西，去找她的老板。“和你一起工作很愉快，但我要辞职了，”她转身离开了。）可知，第一个顺序是⑤，根据第八段“Months later, Clara finally made it to the front line. The wounded soldiers were so thankful for what she had done;they even named her the Angel of the Battlefield.”（几个月后，克拉拉终于上了前线。受伤的士兵们非常感激她所做的一切，他们甚至称她为“战场天使”）可知，第二个顺序是④。根据最后一段“While visiting Switzerland, Clara learned of the International Red Cross. Its aim of helping war victims(受害者)around the world created interest and excitement in Clara. It also encouraged an idea. When she returned home, Clara worked to start an American Red Cross. ”（在访问瑞士时，克拉拉了解到国际红十字会。它的目的是帮助世界各地的战争受害者，这在克拉拉引起了兴趣和兴奋。这也鼓励了一个想法。回到家后，克拉拉为创办美国红十字会工作。）可知，先访问瑞士，然后了解红十字会，最后回美国创办红十字会。综上，正确顺序为⑤④①③②。故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据第五段“Sally looked surprised. ‘Clara! You can’t. It’s too dangerous.’”（Sally看起来很惊讶。“Clara!你不能去。太危险了。”）和第六段“The front line soldiers who need help are in greater danger.”（需要帮助的前线士兵处境更危险）可知Clara不顾危险，要前往前线帮助士兵，说明她是个勇敢的人；根据第七段“Clara got donations(捐赠物)from wherever she could and used her own savings to buy things that soldiers need. She also organized men to give help, carry water, and prepare food for the wounded.”（Clara在力所能及的地方募集捐款，并用自己的积蓄购买用品。她带着三辆军用马车从一个战场赶到另一个战场。她还组织了一些人给伤者进行急救、挑水和准备食物）可推知，Clara是个热心肠的人。综上，故选D。
7．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了Clara Barton是一名勇敢的女性，她在内战时帮助受伤的士兵，最后还建立了美国红十字会。由此推知，这篇文章的主要内容是介绍美国历史上一位重要的女性。故选D。
8.【广东实验中学2022-2023学年高一上学期11月试题】
The bus screamed to a stop in Nazareth, Israel. Five Australian backpackers boarded and struck up a conversation with me. They asked typical travelers’ questions — where was I going and why was I traveling alone? My plan was to travel with a friend of a friend, I explained, but when I called her that morning, she didn’t pick up and I had no other way to reach her. My stomach was in knots, but I decided to head out anyway, thinking I might run into her if I traveled to Tiberius, where we had planned to go together.
“Why don’t you travel with us?” one of the backpackers offered. They were experienced adventurers who would work for a few months, save, and then travel for as long as they could. Their current plan was to explore the Middle East and Europe in three months while working in London.
It seemed risky to travel with strangers, but my instinct said yes. For the next two weeks, I explored Israel with the backpackers and learned to trust my instincts in all types of new and interesting situations. When they hook a ride, I took the bus, but when they wanted to steal into the King David Hotel’s swimming pool, I led the way.
The world opened up to me because I chose to travel alone. I joined complete strangers, who become close friends. Years later, one couple from the backpacking group even flew from Sydney to Phoenix to be in my wedding. The trip was such a special experience that it gave me confidence in all areas of my life. Since then, I’ve backpacked alone across South Africa, sky-dived from 12,000 feet in New Zealand and even moved across the U.S. with no job lined up.
On my third day wandering in Israel with my new friends, I bumped into the woman I was supposed to meet. Though I was happy she was all right, I was grateful she hadn’t picked up the phone.
14．By “My stomach was in knots,” the author probably means she was .
A．sick of repeating routines B．nervous of new situations
C．upset about the sudden change D．sorry about the careless plan
15．Which of the following best describes the backpackers the author met?
A．Homeless but lighthearted. B．Jobless and poorly educated.
C．Courageous but disrespectful. D．Warmhearted and experienced.
16．What did the author’s instinct told her?
A．It might cause trouble to have a swim. B．It could add excitement to get a free ride.
C．She would get along with the backpackers. D．She ought to stay away from the backpackers.
17．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．The author thought it right to travel alone.
B．The author became a fulltime backpack traveler.
C．The woman missed the call in order to travel alone.
D．Most of the backpackers became the author’s lifelong friends.
【答案】14．C 15．D 16．C 17．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者原本与朋友约好去旅游，却被放了鸽子，她决定一个人去。途中她遇见了五个背包客，这些背包客邀请她一起去旅游，她和这些人一起经历了美好的几天，并和他们成了好朋友。
14．推理判断题。根据第一段中“My plan was to travel with a friend of a friend, I explained, but when I called her that morning, she didn’t pick up and I had no other way to reach her. My stomach was in knots, but I decided to head out anyway, thinking I might run into her if I traveled to Tiberius, where we had planned to go together.(我解释说，我本来打算和一个朋友的朋友一起去旅行，但那天早上我给她打电话时，她没接，我也没办法联系到她。我的肚子很不舒服，但我还是决定无论如何都要出去，因为我想如果我去提比略，也就是我们计划一起去的地方，我可能会碰到她)”可推知，作者被放鸽子，对这种突然的变化感到心烦。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据第二段““Why don’t you travel with us?” one of the backpackers offered.(“为什么不和我们一起旅行呢？”其中一个背包客提出)”由此可知他们很热情；根据后文“They were experienced adventurers who would work for a few months, save, then travel for as long as they could.(他们都是经验丰富的冒险家，工作几个月，攒钱，然后尽可能多地旅行)”可知他们是有经验的冒险家，会工作几个月，攒钱，然后尽可能长时间地旅行。由此可推知，作者遇到的背包客是个热心和可靠的人。故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据第三段中“It seemed risky to travel with perfect strangers, but my instinct said yes.(和完全陌生的人一起旅行似乎很冒险，但我的直觉告诉我就该这样做)”可知，作者本能告诉她，她会与背包客相处好。故选C。
17．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The world opened up to me because I chose to travel alone.(世界向我敞开了大门，因为我选择了独自旅行)”可推知，作者认为独自旅行是正确的。故选A。
9.【福建省莆田一中2022-2023学年高一上学期英语试题】
A
Because of the spread of COVID-19, many students are forced to study at home. But parents are worried about how their children can learn more efficiently. The following websites might give you a clue.
Scratch
With Scratch, you can program your own interactive stories, games, and animations — and share your creations with others in the online community. Scratch can be downloaded free of charge. Scratch is designed especially for ages 8 to 16, but is used by people of all ages. Scratch is used in more than 150 different countries and available in more than 40 languages.
Mr. Bob
Mr. Bob is a science teacher, author, maker, and presenter that knows how to share the world of science. Bob encourages parents and teachers to practice Random Acts of Science by providing instructions and videos for interactive science experiments on his website. Bob has also coauthored a very popular series of science adventure books for kids.
Oxford Owl for School
Oxford Owl for School is home to online teaching, learning and assessment resources and expert support for primary schools. Free teaching, learning and assessment resources are provided, including book recommendations, storytelling videos, activity sheets and teaching notes. With a library of free, tablet-friendly eBooks, you’ll find the perfect eBook for every pupil.
The National Geographic Society
The National Geographic Society is a global nonprofit organization to explore and protect our planet. We fund hundreds of research and conservation projects around the world each year and inspire new generations. Our yellow border serves to explore the farthest reaches of the Earth and beyond. We reach millions of people around the world, with our television networks in 172 countries and our publications available in 41 languages.
21．Which website is most suitable for science lovers?
A．Scratch. B．Mr. Bob.
C．Oxford Owl for School. D．The National Geographic Society.
22．What is special about Oxford Owl for School?
A．It owns a library in America. B．It offers materials for students only.
C．It provides online books for free. D．It is suitable for students of all ages.
23．What do Scratch and the National Geographic Society have in common?
A．They have users worldwide. B．They choose books for kids to read.
C．They are designed especially for kids. D．They are both nonprofit organizations.
【答案】21．B 22．C 23．A
【分析】这是一篇应用文。由于COVID-19的传播，许多学生被迫在家学习。但家长们担心他们的孩子如何才能更有效地学习。文章主要介绍了四个可以网上学习的网站。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段Mr. Bob is a science teacher, author, maker, and presenter that knows how to share the world of science. Bob encourages parents and teachers to practice Random Acts of Science by providing instructions and videos for interactive science experiments on his website. Bob has also coauthored a very popular series of science adventure books for kids.可知鲍勃先生是一位科学教师、作家、创造者和演讲者，他知道如何分享科学世界。Bob通过在他的网站上提供互动科学实验的指导和视频，鼓励家长和老师实践“Random Acts of Science”。鲍勃还与人合著了一本非常受欢迎的儿童科学冒险丛书。由此可知，Mr. Bob最适合科学爱好者。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Free teaching, learning and assessment resources are provided, including book recommendations, storytelling videos, activity sheets and teaching notes.可知提供免费的教学、学习和评估资源，包括书籍推荐、讲故事视频、活动表和教学笔记。由此可知，Oxford Owl for School的特别之处在于免费提供在线图书。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据第二段Scratch is used in more than 150 different countries and available in more than 40 languages.(Scratch在150多个不同的国家使用，并有40多种语言版本)以及最后一段中We reach millions of people around the world, with our television networks in 172 countries and our publications available in 41 languages.(我们的电视网络遍布172个国家，我们的出版物以41种语言出版，我们的受众遍及全球数百万人)由此可知，Scratch和The National Geographic Society的共同之处在于他们的用户遍布全球。故选A。
B
Here's the story of my growth over the past year. If anyone is inspired (激励) by this, that's wonderful.
I'd been stuck as this under-confident, fat and just frightened girl for years and years and years. Since I was a little girl, I'd been stuck like this, and I had lived a life where I'd be afraid of everything. But then it all started changing. Something clicked, and in over a period of 6 months I finally managed to stick to one of my diets, bringing me from overweight straight down to underweight. This proved ( 证明) that I could change myself.
One single time, I heard about a public speaking thing going on at my university, and for the first time, I managed to keep up the courage to go there. For the first time I was able to share my story, and able to do it in front of so many people possibly judging (评判) me, and suddenly all the fears about speaking publicly started vanishing. I never felt more confident.
This taught me I could get rid （去除） of my fears. It was from that point on that my road to change went from a rocky mess to a full-on empty highway.
Using the fact that I could change, and that I could get rid of my fears, I started working on them one by one. My fear of talking to strangers ,my fear of asking simple questions, my fear of hanging out with people, my fear of being myself... All of them were gone. And I still continue to progress to this day. I've never stopped.
24．When did the author know she could change herself?
A．When she was in her childhood.
B．When she refused a diet.
C．When she was underweight.
D．When she was overweight.
25．What does the underlined word "vanishing" in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Moving. B．Increasing.
C．Changing. D．Disappearing.
26．What can be inferred from paragraph 4?
A．The road to change was smooth.
B．Many other fears were on the way.
C．The author felt empty in face of fear.
D．The author started changing rapidly.
27．What's the purpose of the text?
A．To inspire the readers.
B．To prove a new idea.
C．To teach how to speak publicly.
D．To show how to get rid of fears.
【答案】24．C 25．D 26．D 27．A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了作者在过去一年时间中从超重直接减到体重不足，意识到自己可以改变自己，也因此克服了在公众勉强演讲的恐惧，变得更加自信。作者借自己的故事希望可以鼓舞读者。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段中Something clicked, and in over a period of 6 months I finally managed to stick to one of my diets, bringing me from overweight straight down to underweight. This proved that I could change myself.（我灵机一动，在6个多月的时间里，我终于坚持我的一项饮食计划，使我从超重直接减到体重不足。这证明了我可以改变自己。）可知当作者体重不足时，她意识到她可以改变自己。故选C。
25．词义猜测题。结合下文I never felt more confident.可知作者从来没有这么自信过。因此所有对公开演讲的恐惧开始消失不见了，故可知划线单词意思为“消失”。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据第四段中It was from that point on that my road to change went from a rocky mess to a full-on empty highway.（从那一刻起，我的改变之路从一片乱石变成了一条完全空无一人的高速公路。）可推知在经历了克服自己的恐惧之后，作者开始迅速改变。故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据文章第一段Here's the story of my growth over the past year. If anyone is inspired by this, that's wonderful.（这是我过去一年的成长故事。如果有人受此启发，那就太好了。）可知文章的目的是鼓舞读者。故选A。
【点睛】隐含意义推理判断题。这类题的题干中常含有：infer，suggest，imply，conclude，intend，purpose，be likely to等标志性词语。解决这类问题时要理解文章潜在的含义和作者所给的提示。同时，要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作出合理的猜测和推断。如第一小题，根据文章第一段Here's the story of my growth over the past year. If anyone is inspired by this, that's wonderful.（这是我过去一年的成长故事。如果有人受此启发，那就太好了。）可知文章的目的是鼓舞读者。故选A。
10.【福建省德化一中、永安一中、漳平一中三校协作2022-2023学年高一12月联考】
I lost my phone when I was on holiday four months ago. With no phone to use on my way back to Milan, I decided to buy a book at the airport before boarding the plane. There was a discount on Stephen Hawking’s Brief Answers to the Big Questions, and while not necessarily an easy read for the non-reader I was at the time, it touched on some of the subjects I m most passionate(感兴趣的) about so I decided it was worth the £5.99. I paid for it. To my great surprise, I read the whole book on that two-hour return flight — and so my love for reading began. I was confused. Before then, I used to buy books fairly often, hoping I’d read them, knowing months would go by and I wouldn’t even open them. So I wondered. What was different this time? After carefully analysing the situation, I came up with an explanation.
Now I realise, most books on my reading list as a child came from one of three places: suggested books, school books, and “to read before you die” books. As a kid, I didn’t have much experience when it came to books or reading. So when I decided to pick up a book, I thought these were the ones I should read and I believed I would surely enjoy them. Then I ended up thinking of myself as someone that simply didn’t like reading.
It is obvious, in hindsight(在事后看来), that I actually really enjoyed reading. The few times I got to skim through a book that felt right, I would devour (如饥似渴地读) the whole thing in a matter of hours.
Many people approach reading in the wrong way, so they finally end up disliking it the way I did. Keep on reading books you don’t like, and you’ll eventually convince yourself it is reading you don’t like. So just make sure, you are reading books that touch on subjects you are actually passionate(热爱) about — don’t be scared to create your unique bookshelf.
24．What surprised the author?
A．He lost his phone. B．The book was very cheap.
C．The book was easy to read. D．He finished reading the book.
25．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2?
A．Explore ways to create a reading list.
B．Introduce his particular taste in books.
C．Explain why he used to be a non-reader.
D．Analyze how children’s books are classified.
26．What books does the author advise people to read?
A．Those that attract their interest.
B．Those that enrich their knowledge.
C．Those that are popular among readers.
D．Those that are written by best-selling authors.
27．What is the best title for text?
A．Learning from a great book B．How I fell in love with reading
C．Creating a successful study tour D．How I developed a reading habit
【答案】24．D 25．C 26．A 27．B
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己如何爱上阅读的经历说明了什么是正确的读书方式。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“To my great surprise, I read the whole book on that two-hour return flight — and so my love for reading began.(令我惊讶的是，我在两个小时的返程航班上读完了整本书——从此我对阅读的热爱开始了)”可知，让作者感到惊讶的是他竟然读完了这本书。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段中“As a kid, I didn’t have much experience when it came to books or reading. So when I decided to pick up a book, I thought these were the ones I should read and I believed I would surely enjoy them. Then I ended up thinking of myself as someone that simply didn’t like reading.(作为一个孩子，我在看书或阅读方面没有太多经验。所以，当我决定拿起一本书时，我本以为这是我应该读的书，我相信我一定会喜欢。然后我最终认为自己是一个根本不喜欢读书的人)”等内容可知，本段旨在解释作者过去不喜欢读书的原因。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“So just make sure, you are reading books that touch on subjects you are actually passionate(热爱) about — don’t be scared to create your unique bookshelf.(所以，要确保你读的是与你真正感兴趣的主题有关的书——不要害怕创建你独特的书架)”可知，作者建议人们读那些能引起兴趣的书。故选A。
27．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“and so my love for reading began(从此我对阅读的热爱开始了)”及最后一段中“So just make sure, you are reading books that touch on subjects you are actually passionate(热爱) about(所以，要确保你读的是与你真正感兴趣的主题有关的书)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者是如何爱上阅读的，读自己喜欢的书才是阅读的正确方式。故选B。
相关试卷
专题01 阅读理解 （应用文+记叙文）--学易金卷：2023年高考英语二模试题分项汇编（新高考八省专用）： 这是一份专题01 阅读理解 （应用文+记叙文）--学易金卷：2023年高考英语二模试题分项汇编（新高考八省专用），文件包含专题01阅读理解应用文+记叙文--学易金卷2023年高考英语二模试题分项汇编新高考八省专用解析版docx、专题01阅读理解应用文+记叙文--学易金卷2023年高考英语二模试题分项汇编新高考八省专用原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共58页， 欢迎下载使用。
专题01 阅读理解（应用文、记叙文）--新高考八省最新名校联考高一试题汇编： 这是一份专题01 阅读理解（应用文、记叙文）--新高考八省最新名校联考高一试题汇编，文件包含专题01阅读理解应用文记叙文--新高考八省最新名校联考高一试题汇编解析版docx、专题01阅读理解应用文记叙文--新高考八省最新名校联考高一试题汇编原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共58页， 欢迎下载使用。
专题 06 应用文写作 --新高考八省名校联考高一英语期末试题汇编： 这是一份专题 06 应用文写作 --新高考八省名校联考高一英语期末试题汇编，文件包含专题06应用文写作--新高考八省名校联考高一英语期末试题汇编解析版docx、专题06应用文写作--新高考八省名校联考高一英语期末试题汇编原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共26页， 欢迎下载使用。
